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Financial instruments - Outstanding derivatives by contract type, including embedded derivatives (Details)
R$ in Thousands, $ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2025
BRL (R$)
Sep. 30, 2025
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
BRL (R$)
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Fair value in R$ R$ 493,113   R$ (6,567,720)  
Derivative financial instruments 1,363,240   1,006,427  
Derivative financial instruments 6,753,164   2,880,673  
Current derivative financial liabilities (1,188,743)   (2,760,273)  
Non-current derivative financial liabilities (6,434,548)   (7,694,547)  
Operational Hedge        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Fair value in R$ 1,104,123   (4,660,846)  
Debt hedges        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Fair value in R$ (710,040)   (1,843,085)  
Commodity Hedge        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Fair value in R$ 99,030   (63,789)  
NDF (R$ x US$) | Operational Hedge        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount 90,000   581,000  
Fair value in R$ 28,442   (331,876)  
Swap US$ e US-CPI (1) | Commodity Hedge        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount 153,273   138,439  
Fair value in R$ 99,383   (80,759)  
Swap VLSFO/Brent | Commodity Hedge        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount 5,888   39,706  
Fair value in R$ (1,638)   10,873  
Interest rate swap contract [member] | Zero Cost Collar | Operational Hedge        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount | $   $ 5,962,800   $ 6,852,200
Fair value in R$ 1,075,688   (4,328,970)  
Interest rate swap contract [member] | Zero Cost Collar | Commodity Hedge        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount | $   252,089   163,941
Fair value in R$ 1,285   6,097  
Interest rate swap contract [member] | NDF (R$ x US$) | Operational Hedge        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount | $   90,000   581,000
Fair value in R$ 28,442   (331,876)  
Interest rate swap contract [member] | NDF (CNY x US$) | Operational Hedge        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount | $   1,500  
Fair value in R$ (7)    
Interest rate swap contract [member] | Swap SOFR x Fixed (US$) | Debt hedges        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount | $   2,015,371   1,973,705
Fair value in R$ 132,462   394,129  
Interest rate swap contract [member] | Swap IPCA x CDI (notional in Brazilian Reais) | Debt hedges        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount | $   10,137,136   8,128,395
Fair value in R$ (788,468)   (825,899)  
Interest rate swap contract [member] | Swap CDI x Fixed (US$) | Debt hedges        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount | $   1,607,213   909,612
Fair value in R$ (25,130)   (776,261)  
Interest rate swap contract [member] | Swap CDI x SOFR (US$) | Debt hedges        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount | $   660,171   610,171
Fair value in R$ (52,823)   (590,764)  
Interest rate swap contract [member] | Swap SOFR x SOFR (US$) | Debt hedges        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount | $     150,961
Fair value in R$   (37,850)  
Interest rate swap contract [member] | Swap US$ e US-CPI (1) | Commodity Hedge        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount | $   153,273   138,439
Fair value in R$ 99,383   (80,759)  
Interest rate swap contract [member] | Swap VLSFO/Brent | Commodity Hedge        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount | $   5,888   39,706
Fair value in R$ (1,637)   10,873  
Interest rate swap contract [member] | Swap CNY to Fixed | Debt hedges        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount | $   165,815   165,815
Fair value in R$ (2,687)   (6,440)  
Interest rate swap contract [member] | Pre-fixed Swap to CDI US$ | Debt hedges        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount | $   $ 2,400,000  
Fair value in R$ 26,605    
Derivative Assets | Debt hedges        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Fair value in R$ 6,416,177   3,594,291  
Derivative Assets | Swap SOFR x Fixed (US$) | Debt hedges        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount 2,015,371   1,973,705  
Fair value in R$ 291,321   424,824  
Derivative Assets | Swap IPCA x CDI (notional in Brazilian Reais) | Debt hedges        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount 10,657,886   8,382,699  
Fair value in R$ 1,382,291   927,586  
Derivative Assets | Swap CDI x Fixed (US$) | Debt hedges        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount 8,579,548   4,748,394  
Fair value in R$ 2,213,625   1,482,759  
Derivative Assets | Swap CDI x SOFR (US$) | Debt hedges        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount 3,399,600   3,117,625  
Fair value in R$ 981,679   754,173  
Derivative Assets | Swap SOFR x SOFR (US$) | Debt hedges        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount     150,961  
Fair value in R$     4,949  
Derivative Assets | Swap CNY to Fixed | Debt hedges        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount 1,200,000   1,200,000  
Fair value in R$ 28,453      
Derivative Assets | Pre-fixed Swap to CDI US$ | Debt hedges        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount 2,400,000      
Fair value in R$ 1,518,808      
Derivative Liabilities | Debt hedges        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Fair value in R$ (7,126,217)   (5,437,376)  
Derivative Liabilities | Swap SOFR x Fixed (US$) | Debt hedges        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount 2,015,371   1,973,705  
Fair value in R$ (158,858)   (30,695)  
Derivative Liabilities | Swap IPCA x CDI (notional in Brazilian Reais) | Debt hedges        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount 10,137,136   8,128,395  
Fair value in R$ (2,170,759)   (1,753,485)  
Derivative Liabilities | Swap CDI x Fixed (US$) | Debt hedges        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount 1,607,213   909,612  
Fair value in R$ (2,238,755)   (2,259,020)  
Derivative Liabilities | Swap CDI x SOFR (US$) | Debt hedges        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount 660,171   610,171  
Fair value in R$ (1,034,502)   (1,344,937)  
Derivative Liabilities | Swap SOFR x SOFR (US$) | Debt hedges        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount   150,961  
Fair value in R$   (42,799)  
Derivative Liabilities | Swap CNY to Fixed | Debt hedges        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount 165,815   165,815  
Fair value in R$ (31,140)   R$ (6,440)  
Derivative Liabilities | Pre-fixed Swap to CDI US$ | Debt hedges        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Notional amount 2,400,000      
Fair value in R$ R$ (1,492,203)