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Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities (Tables) | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
Schedule of Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis | The following table presents the balances of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:
BALANCES OF ASSETS & LIABILITIES MEASURED AT FAIR VALUE ON A RECURRING BASIS |  |
|  | September 30, 2024 |  |
(Dollars in millions) |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total |  |
Trading securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. treasuries |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 20 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 20 |  |  |
Government agency issued MBS |  | — |  |  | 110 |  |  | — |  |  | 110 |  |  |
Government agency issued CMO |  | — |  |  | 317 |  |  | — |  |  | 317 |  |  |
Other U.S. government agencies |  | — |  |  | 266 |  |  | — |  |  | 266 |  |  |
States and municipalities |  | — |  |  | 67 |  |  | — |  |  | 67 |  |  |
Corporate and other debt |  | — |  |  | 751 |  |  | — |  |  | 751 |  |  |
Equity, mutual funds, and other |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  |
Interest-only strips |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 17 |  |  | 17 |  |  |
Total trading securities |  | — |  |  | 1,532 |  |  | 17 |  |  | 1,549 |  |  |
Loans held for sale (elected fair value) |  | — |  |  | 71 |  |  | 16 |  |  | 87 |  |  |
Securities available for sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Government agency issued MBS |  | — |  |  | 4,299 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,299 |  |  |
Government agency issued CMO |  | — |  |  | 2,255 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,255 |  |  |
Other U.S. government agencies |  | — |  |  | 1,134 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,134 |  |  |
States and municipalities |  | — |  |  | 560 |  |  | — |  |  | 560 |  |  |
Total securities available for sale |  | — |  |  | 8,248 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,248 |  |  |
Other assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred compensation mutual funds |  | 110 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 110 |  |  |
Equity, mutual funds, and other |  | 35 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 35 |  |  |
Derivatives, forwards and futures |  | 6 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6 |  |  |
Derivatives, interest rate contracts |  | — |  |  | 431 |  |  | — |  |  | 431 |  |  |
Total other assets |  | 151 |  |  | 431 |  |  | — |  |  | 582 |  |  |
Total assets |  | $ | 151 |  |  | $ | 10,282 |  |  | $ | 33 |  |  | $ | 10,466 |  |  |
Trading liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. treasuries |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 667 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 667 |  |  |
Other U.S. government agencies |  | — |  |  | 6 |  |  | — |  |  | 6 |  |  |
Corporate and other debt |  | — |  |  | 94 |  |  | — |  |  | 94 |  |  |
Total trading liabilities |  | — |  |  | 767 |  |  | — |  |  | 767 |  |  |
Other liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivatives, forwards and futures |  | 5 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5 |  |  |
Derivatives, interest rate contracts |  | — |  |  | 484 |  |  | — |  |  | 484 |  |  |
Derivatives, other |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 32 |  |  | 32 |  |  |
Total other liabilities |  | 5 |  |  | 484 |  |  | 32 |  |  | 521 |  |  |
Total liabilities |  | $ | 5 |  |  | $ | 1,251 |  |  | $ | 32 |  |  | $ | 1,288 |  |  |
|  | December 31, 2023
(Dollars in millions) |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Trading securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. treasuries |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3 |
Government agency issued MBS |  | — |  |  | 114 |  |  | — |  |  | 114 |
Government agency issued CMO |  | — |  |  | 336 |  |  | — |  |  | 336 |
Other U.S. government agencies |  | — |  |  | 152 |  |  | — |  |  | 152 |
States and municipalities |  | — |  |  | 17 |  |  | — |  |  | 17 |
Corporate and other debt |  | — |  |  | 777 |  |  | — |  |  | 777 |
Interest-only strips |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 13 |  |  | 13 |
Total trading securities |  | — |  |  | 1,399 |  |  | 13 |  |  | 1,412 |
Loans held for sale (elected fair value) |  | — |  |  | 42 |  |  | 26 |  |  | 68 |
Securities available for sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Government agency issued MBS |  | — |  |  | 4,484 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,484 |
Government agency issued CMO |  | — |  |  | 2,146 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,146 |
Other U.S. government agencies |  | — |  |  | 1,172 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,172 |
States and municipalities |  | — |  |  | 589 |  |  | — |  |  | 589 |
Total securities available for sale |  | — |  |  | 8,391 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,391 |
Other assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred compensation mutual funds |  | 102 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 102 |
Equity, mutual funds, and other |  | 34 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 34 |
Derivatives, forwards and futures |  | 9 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9 |
Derivatives, interest rate contracts |  | — |  |  | 568 |  |  | — |  |  | 568 |
Total other assets |  | 145 |  |  | 568 |  |  | — |  |  | 713 |
Total assets |  | $ | 145 |  |  | $ | 10,400 |  |  | $ | 39 |  |  | $ | 10,584 |
Trading liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. treasuries |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 426 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 426 |
Government agency issued MBS |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |
Corporate and other debt |  | — |  |  | 82 |  |  | — |  |  | 82 |
Total trading liabilities |  | — |  |  | 509 |  |  | — |  |  | 509 |
Other liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivatives, forwards and futures |  | 10 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10 |
Derivatives, interest rate contracts |  | — |  |  | 666 |  |  | — |  |  | 666 |
Derivatives, other |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 23 |  |  | 23 |
Total other liabilities |  | 10 |  |  | 666 |  |  | 23 |  |  | 699 |
Total liabilities |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 1,175 |  |  | $ | 23 |  |  | $ | 1,208 |
Schedule of Changes in Level 3 Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value | The changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 on a recurring basis are summarized as follows:
CHANGES IN LEVEL 3 ASSETS & LIABILITIES MEASURED AT FAIR VALUE
|  |  |  |  |  | Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 |  |
(Dollars in millions) |  |  |  |  |  | Interest-only strips |  |  |  | Loans held for sale |  |  |  |  |  | Net derivative liabilities |  |
Balance on July 1, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 16 |  |  |  |  | $ | 15 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | (18) |  |  |
Total net gains (losses) included in net income |  |  |  |  |  | (1) |  |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |  | (15) |  |  |
Sales |  |  |  |  |  | (5) |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |
Settlements |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (1) |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |
Net transfers into (out of) Level 3 |  |  |  |  |  | 7 |  |  | (b) |  | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |
Balance on September 30, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 17 |  |  |  |  | $ | 16 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | (32) |  |  |
Net unrealized gains (losses) included in net income |  |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | (c) |  | $ | 1 |  |  | (a) |  |  |  | $ | (15) |  |  | (d)
|  |  |  |  |  | Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 |  |
(Dollars in millions) |  |  |  |  |  | Interest-only strips |  |  |  | Loans held for sale |  |  |  |  |  | Net derivative liabilities |  |
Balance on July 1, 2023 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 36 |  |  |  |  | $ | 22 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | (34) |  |  |
Total net gains (losses) included in net income |  |  |  |  |  | (4) |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |
Sales |  |  |  |  |  | (30) |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |
Settlements |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (1) |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8 |  |  |
Net transfers into (out of) Level 3 |  |  |  |  |  | 21 |  |  | (b) |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |
Balance on September 30, 2023 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 23 |  |  |  |  | $ | 21 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | (26) |  |  |
Net unrealized gains (losses) included in net income |  |  |  |  |  | $ | (2) |  |  | (c) |  | $ | — |  |  | (a) |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | (d)
(a)Primarily included in mortgage banking income on the Consolidated Statements of Income. (b)Transfers into interest-only strips Level 3 measured on a recurring basis reflect movements from loans held for sale (Level 2 nonrecurring). (c)Primarily included in fixed income on the Consolidated Statements of Income. (d)Included in other expense on the Consolidated Statements of Income. The changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 on a recurring basis are summarized as follows:
CHANGES IN LEVEL 3 ASSETS & LIABILITIES MEASURED AT FAIR VALUE |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(Dollars in millions) |  |  |  |  |  | Interest-only strips |  |  |  | Loans held for sale |  |  |  |  |  | Net derivative liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance on January 1, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 13 |  |  |  |  | $ | 26 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | (23) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total net gains (losses) included in net income |  |  |  |  |  | (3) |  |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |  | (15) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchases |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales |  |  |  |  |  | (15) |  |  |  |  | (13) |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Settlements |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (2) |  |  |  |  |  |  | 6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net transfers into (out of) Level 3 |  |  |  |  |  | 22 |  |  | (b) |  | 2 |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance on September 30, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 17 |  |  |  |  | $ | 16 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | (32) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net unrealized gains (losses) included in net income |  |  |  |  |  | $ | (1) |  |  | (c) |  | $ | 1 |  |  | (a) |  |  |  | $ | (15) |  |  | (d) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 |  |
(Dollars in millions) |  |  |  |  |  | Interest-only strips |  |  |  | Loans held for sale |  |  |  |  |  | Net derivative liabilities |  |
Balance on January 1, 2023 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 25 |  |  |  |  | $ | 22 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | (27) |  |  |
Total net gains (losses) included in net income |  |  |  |  |  | (10) |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | (15) |  |  |
Purchases |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |
Sales |  |  |  |  |  | (38) |  |  |  |  | (2) |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |
Settlements |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (1) |  |  |  |  |  |  | 16 |  |  |
Net transfers into (out of) Level 3 |  |  |  |  |  | 46 |  |  | (b) |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |
Balance on September 30, 2023 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 23 |  |  |  |  | $ | 21 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | (26) |  |  |
Net unrealized gains (losses) included in net income |  |  |  |  |  | $ | (4) |  |  | (c) |  | $ | — |  |  | (a) |  |  |  | $ | (15) |  |  | (d)
(a)Primarily included in mortgage banking income on the Consolidated Statements of Income. (b)Transfers into interest-only strips Level 3 measured on a recurring basis reflect movements from loans held for sale (Level 2 nonrecurring). (c)Primarily included in fixed income on the Consolidated Statements of Income. (d)Included in other expense on the Consolidated Statements of Income.
Schedule of Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements | For assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis which were still held on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, the following tables provide the level of valuation assumptions used to determine each adjustment and the related carrying value.
LEVEL OF VALUATION ASSUMPTIONS FOR ASSETS MEASURED AT FAIR VALUE ON A NONRECURRING BASIS
|  | Carrying value at September 30, 2024
(Dollars in millions) |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Loans held for sale—SBAs and USDA |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 379 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 379 |
Loans and leases (a) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 375 |  |  | 375 |
OREO (b) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4 |  |  | 4 |
|  | Carrying value at December 31, 2023
(Dollars in millions) |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Loans held for sale—SBAs and USDA |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 406 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 406 |
Loans and leases (a) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 245 |  |  | 245 |
OREO (b) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4 |  |  | 4 |
Other assets (c) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 90 |  |  | 90 |
(a)Represents carrying value of loans for which adjustments are required to be based on the appraised value of the collateral less estimated costs to sell. Write-downs on these loans are recognized as part of provision for credit losses. (b)Represents the fair value and related losses of foreclosed properties that were measured subsequent to their initial classification as OREO. Balance excludes OREO related to government-insured mortgages. (c)Represents tax credit investments accounted for under the equity method.
Schedule of Gains/(losses) on Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements | For assets measured on a nonrecurring basis which were still held on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at period end, the following table provides information about the fair value adjustments recorded during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:
FAIR VALUE ADJUSTMENTS ON ASSETS MEASURED ON A NONRECURRING BASIS
| Net gains (losses) Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Net gains (losses) Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in millions) | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
Loans held for sale—SBAs and USDA | $ | (1) |  |  | $ | (1) |  |  | $ | (1) |  |  | $ | (2) |
Loans and leases (a) | (18) |  |  | (15) |  |  | (65) |  |  | (29) |
Other assets (b) | — |  |  | (1) |  |  | — |  |  | (5) |
| $ | (19) |  |  | $ | (17) |  |  | $ | (66) |  |  | $ | (36) |
(a)Write-downs on these loans are recognized as part of provision for credit losses. (b)Represents tax credit investments accounted for under the equity method.
Schedule of Unobservable Inputs Utilized in Determining the Fair Value of Level 3 Recurring and Non-Recurring Measurements | The following table provides information regarding the unobservable inputs utilized in determining the fair value of Level 3 recurring and nonrecurring measurements as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:
UNOBSERVABLE INPUTS USED IN LEVEL 3 FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
(Dollars in millions) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Values Utilized
Level 3 Class |  | Fair Value at September 30, 2024 |  | Valuation Techniques |  | Unobservable Input |  | Range |  | Weighted Average (c)
Trading securities - SBA interest-only strips |  | $ | 17 |  |  | Discounted cash flow |  | Constant prepayment rate |  | 16% - 25% |  | 17%
|  |  |  |  |  | Bond equivalent yield |  | 7% - 18% |  | 18%
Loans held for sale - residential real estate |  | $ | 16 |  |  | Discounted cash flow |  | Prepayment speeds - First mortgage |  | 2% - 7% |  | 3%
|  |  |  |  |  | Foreclosure losses |  | 60% - 65% |  | 65%
|  |  |  |  |  | Loss severity trends - First mortgage |  | 0% - 1% of UPB |  | 0%
Derivative liabilities, other |  | $ | 32 |  |  | Discounted cash flow |  | Visa covered litigation resolution amount |  | $3.1 billion - $4.1 billion |  | $3.8 billion
|  |  |  |  |  | Probability of resolution scenarios |  | 10% - 25% |  | 19%
|  |  |  |  |  | Time until resolution |  | 6 - 36 months |  | 26 months
Loans and leases (a) |  | $ | 375 |  |  | Appraisals from comparable properties |  | Marketability adjustments for specific properties |  | 0% - 25% of appraisal |  | NM
|  |  |  | Other collateral valuations |  | Borrowing base certificates liquidation adjustment |  | 25% - 50% of gross value |  | NM
|  |  |  |  |  | Financial Statements liquidation adjustment |  | 50% - 100% of reported value |  | NM
|  |  |  |  |  | Auction appraisals marketability adjustment |  | 0% - 10% of reported value |  | NM
OREO (b) |  | $ | 4 |  |  | Appraisals from comparable properties |  | Adjustment for value changes since appraisal |  | 0% - 10% of appraisal |  | NM
NM - Not meaningful (a)Represents carrying value of loans for which adjustments are required to be based on the appraised value of the collateral less estimated costs to sell. Write-downs on these loans are recognized as part of provision for credit losses. (b)Represents the fair value of foreclosed properties that were measured subsequent to their initial classification as OREO. Balance excludes OREO related to government-insured mortgages. (c)Weighted averages are determined by the relative fair value of the instruments or the relative contribution to an instrument's fair value.
(Dollars in millions) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Values Utilized
Level 3 Class |  | Fair Value at December 31, 2023 |  | Valuation Techniques |  | Unobservable Input |  | Range |  | Weighted Average (c)
Trading securities - SBA interest-only strips |  | $ | 13 |  |  | Discounted cash flow |  | Constant prepayment rate |  | 14% - 15% |  | 14%
|  |  |  |  |  | Bond equivalent yield |  | 18% - 21% |  | 18%
Loans held for sale - residential real estate |  | $ | 26 |  |  | Discounted cash flow |  | Prepayment speeds - First mortgage |  | 2% - 7% |  | 3%
|  |  |  |  |  | Foreclosure losses |  | 64% - 68% |  | 65%
|  |  |  |  |  | Loss severity trends - First mortgage |  | 0% - 3% of UPB |  | 2%
Derivative liabilities, other |  | $ | 23 |  |  | Discounted cash flow |  | Visa covered litigation resolution amount |  | $5.7 billion - $6.7 billion |  | $6.3 billion
|  |  |  |  |  | Probability of resolution scenarios |  | 10% - 25% |  | 18%
|  |  |  |  |  | Time until resolution |  | 6 - 36 months |  | 24 months
Loans and leases (a) |  | $ | 245 |  |  | Appraisals from comparable properties |  | Marketability adjustments for specific properties |  | 0% - 25% of appraisal |  | NM
|  |  |  | Other collateral valuations |  | Borrowing base certificates liquidation adjustment |  | 25% - 50% of gross value |  | NM
|  |  |  |  |  | Financial Statements liquidation adjustment |  | 50% - 100% of reported value |  | NM
|  |  |  |  |  | Auction appraisals marketability adjustment |  | 0% - 10% of reported value |  | NM
OREO (b) |  | $ | 4 |  |  | Appraisals from comparable properties |  | Adjustment for value changes since appraisal |  | 0% - 10% of appraisal |  | NM
Other assets (d) |  | $ | 90 |  |  | Discounted cash flow |  | Adjustments to current sales yields for specific properties |  | 0% - 15% adjustment to yield |  | NM
|  |  |  | Appraisals from comparable properties |  | Marketability adjustments for specific properties |  | 0% - 25% of appraisal |  | NM
NM - Not meaningful (a)Represents carrying value of loans for which adjustments are required to be based on the appraised value of the collateral less estimated costs to sell. Write-downs on these loans are recognized as part of provision for credit losses. (b)Represents the fair value of foreclosed properties that were measured subsequent to their initial classification as OREO. Balance excludes OREO related to government-insured mortgages. (c)Weighted averages are determined by the relative fair value of the instruments or the relative contribution to an instrument's fair value. (d)Represents tax credit investments accounted for under the equity method.
Schedule of Differences between the Fair Value Carrying Amount of Mortgages Held-for-sale and Aggregate Unpaid Principal Amount | The following table reflects the differences between the fair value carrying amount of residential real estate loans held for sale measured at fair value in accordance with management’s election and the aggregate unpaid principal amount FHN is contractually entitled to receive at maturity.
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN FAIR VALUE CARRYING AMOUNTS AND CONTRACTUAL AMOUNTS OF RESIDENTIAL REAL ESTATE LOANS REPORTED AT FAIR VALUE
|  | September 30, 2024
(Dollars in millions) |  | Fair value carrying amount |  | Aggregate unpaid principal |  | Fair value carrying amount less aggregate unpaid principal
Residential real estate loans held for sale reported at fair value: |  |  |  |  |  |
Total loans |  | $ | 87 |  |  | $ | 91 |  |  | $ | (4) |
Nonaccrual loans |  | 3 |  |  | 5 |  |  | (2) |
|  | December 31, 2023
(Dollars in millions) |  | Fair value carrying amount |  | Aggregate unpaid principal |  | Fair value carrying amount less aggregate unpaid principal
Residential real estate loans held for sale reported at fair value: |  |  |  |  |  |
Total loans |  | $ | 68 |  |  | $ | 73 |  |  | $ | (5) |
Nonaccrual loans |  | 2 |  |  | 5 |  |  | (3) |
Loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |
Schedule of Changes In Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities which Fair Value Option Included in Current Period Earnings | Assets and liabilities accounted for under the fair value election are initially measured at fair value with subsequent changes in fair value recognized in earnings. Such changes in the fair value of assets and liabilities for which FHN elected the fair value option are included in current period earnings with classification in the income statement line item reflected in the following table:
CHANGES IN FAIR VALUE RECOGNIZED IN NET INCOME
| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in millions) | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
Changes in fair value included in net income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mortgage banking noninterest income |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans held for sale | $ | — |  |  | $ | (1) |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | — |
Schedule of Book Value and Estimated Fair Value of Financial Instruments | The following table summarizes the book value and estimated fair value of financial instruments recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:
BOOK VALUE AND ESTIMATED FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
|  | September 30, 2024
|  | Book Value |  | Fair Value
(Dollars in millions) |  |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans and leases, net of allowance for loan and lease losses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial and industrial |  | $ | 32,740 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 32,231 |  |  | $ | 32,231 |
Commercial real estate |  | 14,487 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 14,262 |  |  | 14,262 |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consumer real estate |  | 13,731 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 13,374 |  |  | 13,374 |
Credit card and other |  | 664 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 682 |  |  | 682 |
Total loans and leases, net of allowance for loan and lease losses |  | 61,622 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 60,549 |  |  | 60,549 |
Short-term financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing deposits with banks |  | 1,286 |  |  | 1,286 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,286 |
Federal funds sold |  | 212 |  |  | — |  |  | 212 |  |  | — |  |  | 212 |
Securities purchased under agreements to resell |  | 796 |  |  | — |  |  | 796 |  |  | — |  |  | 796 |
Total short-term financial assets |  | 2,294 |  |  | 1,286 |  |  | 1,008 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,294 |
Trading securities (a) |  | 1,549 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,532 |  |  | 17 |  |  | 1,549 |
Loans held for sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mortgage loans (elected fair value) (a) |  | 87 |  |  | — |  |  | 71 |  |  | 16 |  |  | 87 |
USDA & SBA loans - LOCOM |  | 379 |  |  | — |  |  | 380 |  |  | — |  |  | 380 |
Mortgage loans - LOCOM |  | 28 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 28 |  |  | 28 |
Total loans held for sale |  | 494 |  |  | — |  |  | 451 |  |  | 44 |  |  | 495 |
Securities available for sale (a) |  | 8,248 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,248 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,248 |
Securities held to maturity |  | 1,282 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,144 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,144 |
Derivative assets (a) |  | 437 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 431 |  |  | — |  |  | 437 |
Other assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tax credit investments |  | 690 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 668 |  |  | 668 |
Deferred compensation mutual funds |  | 110 |  |  | 110 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 110 |
Equity, mutual funds, and other (b) |  | 285 |  |  | 35 |  |  | — |  |  | 250 |  |  | 285 |
Total other assets |  | 1,085 |  |  | 145 |  |  | — |  |  | 918 |  |  | 1,063 |
Total assets |  | $ | 77,011 |  |  | $ | 1,437 |  |  | $ | 12,814 |  |  | $ | 61,528 |  |  | $ | 75,779 |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Defined maturity deposits |  | $ | 8,326 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 8,319 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 8,319 |
Trading liabilities (a) |  | 767 |  |  | — |  |  | 767 |  |  | — |  |  | 767 |
Short-term financial liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal funds purchased |  | 300 |  |  | — |  |  | 300 |  |  | — |  |  | 300 |
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase |  | 1,610 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,610 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,610 |
Other short-term borrowings |  | 675 |  |  | — |  |  | 675 |  |  | — |  |  | 675 |
Total short-term financial liabilities |  | 2,585 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,585 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,585 |
Term borrowings: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real estate investment trust-preferred |  | 47 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 47 |  |  | 47 |
Term borrowings—new market tax credit investments |  | 83 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 81 |  |  | 81 |
Secured borrowings |  | 35 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 35 |  |  | 35 |
Junior subordinated debentures |  | 151 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 150 |  |  | 150 |
Other long-term borrowings |  | 886 |  |  | — |  |  | 879 |  |  | — |  |  | 879 |
Total term borrowings |  | 1,202 |  |  | — |  |  | 879 |  |  | 313 |  |  | 1,192 |
Derivative liabilities (a) |  | 521 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 484 |  |  | 32 |  |  | 521 |
Total liabilities |  | $ | 13,401 |  |  | $ | 5 |  |  | $ | 13,034 |  |  | $ | 345 |  |  | $ | 13,384 |
(a)Classes are detailed in the recurring measurement table. (b)Level 1 primarily consists of mutual funds with readily determinable fair values. Level 3 includes restricted investments in FHLB-Cincinnati stock of $47 million and FRB stock of $203 million.
|  | December 31, 2023
|  | Book Value |  | Fair Value
(Dollars in millions) |  |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans and leases, net of allowance for loan and lease losses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial and industrial |  | $ | 32,294 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 31,673 |  |  | $ | 31,673 |
Commercial real estate |  | 14,044 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 13,831 |  |  | 13,831 |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consumer real estate |  | 13,417 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12,605 |  |  | 12,605 |
Credit card and other |  | 764 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 742 |  |  | 742 |
Total loans and leases, net of allowance for loan and lease losses |  | 60,519 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 58,851 |  |  | 58,851 |
Short-term financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing deposits with banks |  | 1,328 |  |  | 1,328 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,328 |
Federal funds sold |  | 200 |  |  | — |  |  | 200 |  |  | — |  |  | 200 |
Securities purchased under agreements to resell |  | 519 |  |  | — |  |  | 519 |  |  | — |  |  | 519 |
Total short-term financial assets |  | 2,047 |  |  | 1,328 |  |  | 719 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,047 |
Trading securities (a) |  | 1,412 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,399 |  |  | 13 |  |  | 1,412 |
Loans held for sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mortgage loans (elected fair value) (a) |  | 68 |  |  | — |  |  | 42 |  |  | 26 |  |  | 68 |
USDA & SBA loans - LOCOM |  | 406 |  |  | — |  |  | 407 |  |  | — |  |  | 407 |
Mortgage loans - LOCOM |  | 28 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 28 |  |  | 28 |
Total loans held for sale |  | 502 |  |  | — |  |  | 449 |  |  | 54 |  |  | 503 |
Securities available for sale (a) |  | 8,391 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,391 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,391 |
Securities held to maturity |  | 1,323 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,161 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,161 |
Derivative assets (a) |  | 577 |  |  | 9 |  |  | 568 |  |  | — |  |  | 577 |
Other assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tax credit investments |  | 665 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 653 |  |  | 653 |
Deferred compensation mutual funds |  | 102 |  |  | 102 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 102 |
Equity, mutual funds, and other (b) |  | 261 |  |  | 34 |  |  | — |  |  | 227 |  |  | 261 |
Total other assets |  | 1,028 |  |  | 136 |  |  | — |  |  | 880 |  |  | 1,016 |
Total assets |  | $ | 75,799 |  |  | $ | 1,473 |  |  | $ | 12,687 |  |  | $ | 59,798 |  |  | $ | 73,958 |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Defined maturity deposits |  | $ | 6,804 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,851 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,851 |
Trading liabilities (a) |  | 509 |  |  | — |  |  | 509 |  |  | — |  |  | 509 |
Short-term financial liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal funds purchased |  | 302 |  |  | — |  |  | 302 |  |  | — |  |  | 302 |
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase |  | 1,921 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,921 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,921 |
Other short-term borrowings |  | 326 |  |  | — |  |  | 326 |  |  | — |  |  | 326 |
Total short-term financial liabilities |  | 2,549 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,549 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,549 |
Term borrowings: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real estate investment trust-preferred |  | 47 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 47 |  |  | 47 |
Term borrowings—new market tax credit investments |  | 65 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 60 |  |  | 60 |
Secured borrowings |  | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | 3 |
Junior subordinated debentures |  | 150 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 150 |  |  | 150 |
Other long-term borrowings |  | 885 |  |  | — |  |  | 824 |  |  | — |  |  | 824 |
Total term borrowings |  | 1,150 |  |  | — |  |  | 824 |  |  | 260 |  |  | 1,084 |
Derivative liabilities (a) |  | 699 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 666 |  |  | 23 |  |  | 699 |
Total liabilities |  | $ | 11,711 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 11,399 |  |  | $ | 283 |  |  | $ | 11,692 |
(a)Classes are detailed in the recurring measurement table. (b)Level 1 primarily consists of mutual funds with readily determinable fair values. Level 3 includes restricted investments in FHLB-Cincinnati stock of $24 million and FRB stock of $203 million. The following table presents the contractual amount and fair value of unfunded loan commitments and standby and other commitments as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:
UNFUNDED COMMITMENTS
|  | Contractual Amount |  | Fair Value
(Dollars in millions) |  | September 30, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023 |  | September 30, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023
Unfunded Commitments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loan commitments |  | $ | 21,379 |  |  | $ | 24,579 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 1 |
Standby and other commitments |  | 737 |  |  | 746 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 8 |

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