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Interim Financial Statements | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2016
Interim Financial Statements. |
Interim Financial Statements | 1. Interim Financial Statements Business Overview Unless the context otherwise requires, the use of the terms “PAG,” “we,” “us,” and “our” in these Notes to the Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements refers to Penske Automotive Group, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. We are an international transportation services company that operates automotive and commercial truck dealerships principally in the United States and Western Europe, and distributes commercial vehicles, diesel engines, gas engines, power systems and related parts and services principally in Australia and New Zealand. Retail Automotive Dealership. We believe we are the second largest automotive retailer headquartered in the U.S. as measured by the $17.9 billion in total retail automotive dealership revenue we generated in 2015. As of March 31, 2016, we operated 349 automotive retail franchises, of which 179 franchises are located in the U.S. and 170 franchises are located outside of the U.S. The franchises outside the U.S. are located primarily in the U.K. In the three months ended March 31, 2016, we retailed and wholesaled more than 134,000 vehicles. We are diversified geographically, with 57% of our total retail automotive dealership revenues in the three months ended March 31, 2016 generated in the U.S. and Puerto Rico and 43% generated outside the U.S. We offer over 40 vehicle brands, with 72% of our retail automotive dealership revenue in the three months ended March 31, 2016 generated from premium brands, such as Audi, BMW, Mercedes-Benz and Porsche. Each of our dealerships offer a wide selection of new and used vehicles for sale. In addition to selling new and used vehicles, we generate higher-margin revenue at each of our dealerships through maintenance and repair services and the sale and placement of third-party finance and insurance products, third-party extended service and maintenance contracts and replacement and aftermarket automotive products. We operate these dealerships under franchise agreements with a number of automotive manufacturers and distributors that are subject to certain rights and restrictions typical of the industry. During the three months ended March 31, 2016, we acquired one retail automotive franchise in the U.K., and disposed of s even retail automotive franchises. We also acquired an additional 8% interest in the Jacobs Group, one of our German automotive dealership joint ventures and now own 68% of that joint venture. We began consolidating this joint venture during the third quarter of 2015. We also acquired a 49% interest in the Nicole Group, a luxury dealership group in Tokyo and nearby suburbs in January 2016. The Nicole Group operates four BMW and three MINI dealerships, a Rolls-Royce dealership and a Ferrari dealership, and is the exclusive importer and distributor of Alpina. This investment is accounted for under the equity method. Retail Commercial Truck Dealership. In November 2014, we acquired a controlling interest in a heavy and medium duty truck dealership group located primarily in Texas and Oklahoma, which we renamed Premier Truck Group (“PTG”). During 2015, we acquired an additional 5% of PTG bringing our total ownership interest to 96%. Prior to the 2014 transaction, we held a 32% interest in PTG and accounted for this investment under the equity method. As of March 31, 2016, PTG operated fourteen locations, including ten full-service dealerships offering primarily Freightliner and Western Star branded trucks. Two of these locations, Chattanooga and Knoxville, were acquired in February 2015. PTG also offers a full range of used trucks available for sale as well as service and parts departments, many of which are open 24 hours a day, seven days a week. In April 2016, PTG acquired Harper Truck Centres, a Freightliner, Western Star and Thomas Built Bus commercial truck dealership group located in Ontario, Canada. Harper Truck Centres has five dealership locations in the greater Toronto market area. Commercial Vehicle Distribution. We are the exclusive importer and distributor of Western Star heavy-duty trucks (a Daimler brand), MAN heavy and medium duty trucks and buses (a VW Group brand), and Dennis Eagle refuse collection vehicles, together with associated parts, across Australia, New Zealand and portions of the Pacific. This business, known as Penske Commercial Vehicles Australia, distributes commercial vehicles and parts to a network of more than 70 dealership locations, including three company-owned retail commercial vehicle dealerships. We are also a leading distributor of diesel and gas engines and power systems, principally representing MTU, Detroit Diesel, Mercedes-Benz Industrial, Allison Transmission and MTU Onsite Energy. This business, known as Penske Power Systems, offers products across the on- and off-highway markets in Australia, New Zealand and portions of the Pacific and supports full parts and aftersales service through a network of branches, field locations and dealers across the region. The on-highway portion of this business complements our existing Penske Commercial Vehicles distribution business. Penske Truck Leasing. We hold a 9.0% ownership interest in Penske Truck Leasing Co., L.P. (“PTL”), a leading provider of transportation and supply chain services. Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements of PAG have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and disclosures normally included in our annual financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the SEC rules and regulations. The information presented as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 and for the three month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 is unaudited, but includes all adjustments which our management believes to be necessary for the fair presentation of results for the periods presented. The consolidated condensed financial statements for prior periods have been revised for entities that have been treated as discontinued operations, and results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the year. These consolidated condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with our audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2015, which are included as part of our Annual Report on Form 10-K. Recent Accounting Pronouncements In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606).” This ASU supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in ASC 605, Revenue Recognition. ASU No. 2014-09 will require an entity to recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers using a five-step model that requires entities to exercise judgment when considering the terms of contracts with customers. This ASU can be adopted either retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented or as a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the date of adoption. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) – Deferral of the Effective Date” providing for a one-year deferral of the effective date of ASU 2014-09 from January 1, 2017 to January 1, 2018; however, early adoption is still permissible as of January 1, 2017 for public entities. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-08, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) – Principal versus Agent Considerations.” The amendments under this ASU clarify the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations included within ASU 2014-09. In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-10, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) – Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing.” This ASU includes updates which are intended to reduce the cost and complexity of applying guidance on identifying promised goods and services under Topic 606. We are currently assessing the impact the adoption of these accounting standard updates will have on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-03, “Interest – Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30) – Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs.” ASU 2015-03 requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-15, “Interest – Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30) – Presentation and Subsequent Measurement of Debt Issuance Costs Associated with Line-of-Credit Arrangements,” which clarifies the treatment of debt issuance costs associated with line-of-credit arrangements that were not specifically addressed in ASU 2015-03. ASU 2015-15 states that entities may elect to continue to treat debt issuance costs associated with lines of credit as an asset, consistent with current treatment. We adopted these accounting standard updates in the first quarter of 2016. We applied this new guidance retrospectively, which resulted in the reclassification of debt issuance costs from other current and other long-term assets to current and long-term debt for the periods presented. Amounts reclassified from “Other current assets” to “Current portion of long-term debt” were $1.2 million as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. Amounts reclassified from “Other long-term assets” to “Long-term debt” were $7.8 million and $8.1 million as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-11, “Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory (Topic 330).” Under ASU 2015-11, inventory that is measured using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) or average cost methods should be measured at the lower of cost or net realizable value. This ASU does not impact inventory measurement under the last-in, first-out (LIFO) or retail inventory methods. This ASU is effective for us beginning after January 1, 2017. We do not expect the adoption of this accounting standard update to have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-16, “Business Combinations (Topic 805) – Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments.” Under ASU 2015-16, acquirers will be required to recognize adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined, eliminating the requirement to retrospectively account for such adjustments. We adopted this accounting standard update effective January 1, 2016. The adoption of ASU No. 2015-16 has not had a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-17, “Income Taxes (Topic 740) — Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes.” Under ASU 2015-17, entities will be required to classify all deferred tax liabilities and assets as noncurrent in a classified statement of financial position. This ASU is effective for us beginning after January 1, 2017. Other than the revised presentation of our consolidated balance sheets, we do not expect the adoption of this accounting standard update to have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842).” Under this new guidance, a company will now recognize most leases on its balance sheet as lease liabilities with corresponding right-of-use assets. This ASU is effective for us beginning after January 1, 2019. The adoption of this ASU will result in a significant increase to our consolidated balance sheets for lease liabilities and right-of-use assets. We are currently evaluating the other effects the adoption of this ASU will have on our consolidated financial statements. We believe our current off-balance sheet leasing commitments are reflected in our credit rating. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, “Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718) – Improvement to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.” This ASU simplified several aspects of accounting for share-based payment transactions, including income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. This ASU is effective for us beginning after January 1, 2017. We are currently assessing the impact the adoption of this update will have on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations We classify an entity as held for sale in the period in which all of the following criteria are met:
| · |  | management, having the authority to approve the action, commits to a plan to sell the entity;
| · |  | the entity is available for immediate sale in its present condition;
| · |  | an active program to locate a buyer and other actions required to complete the plan to sell have been initiated;
| · |  | the sale is probable and transfer is expected to be completed within one year;
| · |  | the entity is being actively marketed for sale at a price that is reasonable in relation to its current fair value; and
| · |  | actions required to complete the plan indicate that it is unlikely that significant changes to the plan will be made or that the plan will be withdrawn.
In April 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-08 that changed the definition of a discontinued operation to include only those disposals of components of an entity or components of an entity that are classified as held for sale that represent a strategic shift that has (or will have) a major effect on an entity’s operations and financial results. We adopted this accounting standard update effective January 1, 2015. Prior to the adoption of ASU No. 2014-08, we accounted for dispositions as discontinued operations when it was evident that the operations and cash flows of an entity being disposed of would be eliminated from ongoing operations and we would not have any significant continuing involvement in its operations. The results of operations for those entities that were classified as discontinued operations prior to adoption of ASU No. 2014-08 are included in “Loss from discontinued operations” in the accompanying Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income for all periods presented and will continue to be reported within discontinued operations in the future. Beginning with disposals or entities classified as held for sale subsequent to January 1, 2015, only those that represent a strategic shift that has, or will have, a major impact on our operations and financial results will be included in discontinued operations. We had no entities newly classified as held for sale during the three months ended March 31, 2016 that met the criteria to be classified as discontinued operations. As such, the combined financial information presented below represents only retail automotive dealerships and our car rental business that were classified as discontinued operations prior to adoption of ASU No. 2014-08:
|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2016 |  | 2015 |
Revenues |  | $ | 8.4 |  | $ | 28.5 |
Pre-tax loss |  |  | — |  |  | (3.8) |
Pre-tax gain on disposal |  |  | — |  |  | 2.3 |
|  | March 31, |  | December 31, |
|  | 2016 |  | 2015 |
Inventories |  | $ | 3.7 |  | $ | 6.2 |
Other assets |  |  | 6.1 |  |  | 6.9 |
Total assets |  | $ | 9.8 |  | $ | 13.1 |
Floor plan notes payable (including non-trade) |  | $ | 3.5 |  | $ | 4.3 |
Other liabilities |  |  | 1.6 |  |  | 1.9 |
Total liabilities |  | $ | 5.1 |  | $ | 6.2 |
Divestitures During the three months ended March 31, 2016, we disposed of seven retail automotive franchises and one retail commercial truck parts location. The results of operations for two of the retail automotive franchises are included in discontinued operations for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015. The remaining five retail automotive franchises and retail commercial truck parts location did not meet the criteria to be classified as held for sale and treated as discontinued operations. Therefore, the results of operations for these businesses are included within continuing operations for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015. In February 2015, we divested our car rental business that included Hertz car rental franchises in the Memphis, Tennessee market and certain markets throughout Indiana. We received proceeds of $17.8 million from the sale excluding sales of car rental vehicles. The results of operations of our car rental business are included in discontinued operations for the three months ended March 31, 2015. Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The accounts requiring the use of significant estimates include accounts receivable, inventories, income taxes, intangible assets and certain reserves. Fair Value of Financial Instruments Accounting standards define fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Accounting standards establish a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value and also establishes the following three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:
Level 1 |  | Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
Level 2 |  | Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted market prices in markets that are not active; or model-derived valuations or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities
Level 3 |  | Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities
Our financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, debt, floor plan notes payable, forward exchange contracts and interest rate swaps used to hedge future cash flows. Other than our fixed rate debt, the carrying amount of all significant financial instruments approximates fair value due either to length of maturity, the existence of variable interest rates that approximate prevailing market rates, or as a result of mark to market accounting. Our fixed rate debt consists of amounts outstanding under our senior subordinated notes and mortgage facilities. We estimate the fair value of our senior unsecured notes using quoted prices for the identical liability (Level 2), and we estimate the fair value of our mortgage facilities using a present value technique based on current market interest rates for similar types of financial instruments (Level 2). A summary of the carrying values and fair values of our 5.75% senior subordinated notes, 5.375% senior subordinated notes and our fixed rate mortgage facilities are as follows:
|  | March 31, 2016 |  | December 31, 2015 |
|  | Carrying Value |  | Fair Value |  | Carrying Value |  | Fair Value |
5.75% senior subordinated notes due 2022 |  | $ | 544.5 |  | $ | 560.5 |  | $ | 544.3 |  | $ | 558.6 |
5.375% senior subordinated notes due 2024 |  |  | 296.5 |  |  | 293.5 |  |  | 296.4 |  |  | 295.7 |
Mortgage facilities |  |  | 187.0 |  |  | 192.6 |  |  | 165.8 |  |  | 165.8 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the organization, consolidation and basis of presentation of financial statements disclosure, and significant accounting policies of the reporting entity. May be provided in more than one note to the financial statements, as long as users are provided with an understanding of (1) the significant judgments and assumptions made by an enterprise in determining whether it must consolidate a VIE and/or disclose information about its involvement with a VIE, (2) the nature of restrictions on a consolidated VIE's assets reported by an enterprise in its statement of financial position, including the carrying amounts of such assets, (3) the nature of, and changes in, the risks associated with an enterprise's involvement with the VIE, and (4) how an enterprise's involvement with the VIE affects the enterprise's financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. Describes procedure if disclosures are provided in more than one note to the financial statements. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 275 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=51801978&loc=d3e6003-108592 + Details
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