<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001019849-20-000022.txt : 20200707
<SEC-HEADER>0001019849-20-000022.hdr.sgml : 20200707
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20200707081404
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001019849-20-000022
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		13
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20200706
ITEM INFORMATION:		Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20200707
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20200707

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			PENSKE AUTOMOTIVE GROUP, INC.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001019849
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	RETAIL-AUTO DEALERS & GASOLINE STATIONS [5500]
		IRS NUMBER:				223086739
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-12297
		FILM NUMBER:		201015274

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		2555 TELEGRAPH RD
		CITY:			BLOOMFIELD HILLS
		STATE:			MI
		ZIP:			48302-0954
		BUSINESS PHONE:		248-648-2500

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		2555 TELEGRAPH RD
		CITY:			BLOOMFIELD HILLS
		STATE:			MI
		ZIP:			48302-0954

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	UNITED AUTO GROUP INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19960726
</SEC-HEADER>
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<TYPE>8-K
<SEQUENCE>1
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id="Narr_7DO900_8Jkae0Z6C0CbyFw"><span style="font-family:'Segoe UI Symbol';font-size:9pt;">&#9744;</span></ix:nonNumeric><span style="font-size:9pt;">&#160;&#160;Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule&#160;13e-4(c)&#160;under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))</span></p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.19;margin:0pt;"><span style="font-size:9pt;visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</span></p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:9pt;line-height:1.19;margin:0pt;">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (&#167;240.12b-2 of this chapter).</p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.19;margin:0pt;"><span style="visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</span></p><p style="font-family:'Times New 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<div style="background-color:#000000;clear:both;height:2pt;page-break-after:always;width:79.3%;border:0;margin:30pt 10.35% 30pt 10.35%;"></div><div style="max-width:100%;padding-left:10.35%;padding-right:10.35%;position:relative;"><div style="clear:both;max-width:100%;position:relative;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.19;margin:0pt;"><b style="font-weight:bold;">Item 1.01 Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement.</b></p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;margin:0pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:5pt;margin-top:5pt;visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</span></p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.19;margin:0pt;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;">On July 6, 2020, we amended our U.S. credit agreement (the &#8220;U.S. credit agreement&#8221;) with Mercedes-Benz Financial Services USA LLC and Toyota Motor Credit Corporation to provide for an additional $100 million of borrowing capacity effective August 1, 2020. The U.S. credit agreement, as amended August 1, will provide for up to $800 million in revolving loans for working capital, acquisitions, capital expenditures, investments and other general corporate purposes, which includes $250 million in revolving loans solely for acquisitions, and up to $50 million of letters of credit. The U.S. credit agreement provides for a maximum of $150 million of  borrowings for foreign acquisitions and expires on September 30, 2022.  The </span><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;">interest rate on revolving loans is LIBOR plus 1.75%, subject to an incremental 1.25% for uncollateralized borrowings in excess of a defined borrowing base.  </span>In April of 2020, the lenders consented to a deferral of interest under the U.S. Credit Agreement for the months of April, May and June, until December 2020.</p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.19;text-indent:10.8pt;margin:0pt;">&#160; </p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.19;margin:0pt;">The U.S. credit agreement is fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a joint and several basis by substantially all of our U.S. subsidiaries and contains a number of significant covenants that, among other things, restrict our ability to dispose of assets, incur additional indebtedness, repay certain other indebtedness, pay dividends, create liens on assets, make investments or acquisitions and engage in mergers or consolidations. We are also required to comply with specified financial and other tests and ratios, each as defined in the U.S. credit agreement including: a ratio of current assets to current liabilities, a fixed charge coverage ratio, a ratio of debt to stockholders&#8217; equity and a ratio of debt to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (&#8220;EBITDA&#8221;). A breach of these requirements would give rise to certain remedies under the agreement, the most severe of which is the termination of the agreement and acceleration of the amounts owed.</p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.19;text-indent:10.8pt;margin:0pt;"><span style="visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</span></p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.19;margin:0pt;">The U.S. credit agreement also contains typical events of default, including change of control, non-payment of obligations and cross-defaults to our other material indebtedness. 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<div style="background-color:#000000;clear:both;height:2pt;page-break-after:always;width:79.3%;border:0;margin:30pt 10.35% 30pt 10.35%;"></div><div style="max-width:100%;padding-left:10.35%;padding-right:10.35%;position:relative;"><div style="clear:both;max-width:100%;position:relative;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:center;margin:0pt;"><b style="font-weight:bold;">SIGNATURES</b></p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.19;margin:0pt;"><span style="visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</span></p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.19;margin:0pt;">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.</p><p style="font-family:'Times New 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style="vertical-align:top;width:47.94%;margin:0pt;padding:0pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.26;margin:0pt;">Penske Automotive Group, Inc.</p></td></tr><tr style="height:10.3pt;"><td style="vertical-align:top;width:18.75%;margin:0pt;padding:0pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.26;margin:0pt;">&#160;&#160;</p></td><td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:33.29%;margin:0pt;padding:0pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.26;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p></td><td style="vertical-align:top;width:3%;margin:0pt;padding:0pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.26;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p></td><td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:2.71%;margin:0pt;padding:0pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.26;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p></td><td style="vertical-align:top;width:42.22%;margin:0pt;padding:0pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.26;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p></td></tr><tr style="height:10.3pt;"><td style="vertical-align:top;width:18.75%;margin:0pt;padding:0pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.26;margin:0pt;"><i style="font-style:italic;">July 7, 2020</i></p></td><td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:33.29%;margin:0pt;padding:0pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.26;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p></td><td style="vertical-align:top;width:3%;margin:0pt;padding:0pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.26;margin:0pt;"><i style="font-style:italic;">By:</i></p></td><td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:2.71%;margin:0pt;padding:0pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.26;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p></td><td style="vertical-align:top;width:42.22%;border-bottom:1px solid #000000;margin:0pt;padding:0pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.26;margin:0pt;"><i style="font-style:italic;">/s/ Shane M. Spradlin</i></p></td></tr><tr style="height:10.3pt;"><td style="vertical-align:top;width:18.75%;margin:0pt;padding:0pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.26;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p></td><td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:33.29%;margin:0pt;padding:0pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.26;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p></td><td style="vertical-align:top;width:3%;margin:0pt;padding:0pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.26;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p></td><td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:2.71%;margin:0pt;padding:0pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.26;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p></td><td style="vertical-align:top;width:42.22%;border-top:1px solid #000000;margin:0pt;padding:0pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.26;margin:0pt;"><i style="font-style:italic;">Name: Shane M. Spradlin</i></p></td></tr><tr style="height:10.3pt;"><td style="vertical-align:top;width:18.75%;margin:0pt;padding:0pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.26;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p></td><td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:33.29%;margin:0pt;padding:0pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.26;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p></td><td style="vertical-align:top;width:3%;margin:0pt;padding:0pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.26;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p></td><td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:2.71%;margin:0pt;padding:0pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.26;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p></td><td style="vertical-align:top;width:42.22%;margin:0pt;padding:0pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.26;margin:0pt;"><i style="font-style:italic;">Title: Executive Vice President</i></p></td></tr></table><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.19;margin:0pt;"><span style="font-size:1pt;visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</span></p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.19;margin:0pt;"><span style="visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</span></p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.37;margin:0pt 0pt 10pt 0pt;"><span style="line-height:1.19;margin-bottom:0pt;visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</span></p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.37;margin:0pt 0pt 10pt 0pt;"><span style="line-height:1.19;margin-bottom:0pt;visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</span></p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.37;margin:0pt 0pt 10pt 0pt;"><span style="line-height:1.19;margin-bottom:0pt;visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</span></p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:10pt;line-height:1.37;margin:0pt 0pt 10pt 0pt;"><span style="line-height:1.19;margin-bottom:0pt;visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</span></p></div></div>
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<DESCRIPTION>EX-4.1
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<!--Enhanced HTML document created with Toppan Merrill Bridge  9.7.0.58--><!--Created on: 7/7/2020 12:11:10 PM (UTC)--><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title></title></head><body><div style="margin-top:30pt;"></div><div style="max-width:100%;padding-left:11.76%;padding-right:11.76%;position:relative;"><div style="clear:both;max-width:100%;position:relative;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.19;text-align:right;text-transform:uppercase;margin:0pt;"><b style="font-weight:bold;text-decoration:none;">Exhibit 4.1</b></p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.19;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;margin:0pt;"><b style="font-weight:bold;text-decoration:none;">SIXTH AMENDMENT TO <br>fifth AMENDED AND RESTATED CREDIT AGREEMENT</b></p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;margin:0pt;"><font style="font-size:11pt;margin-bottom:12pt;visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</font></p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;margin:0pt;">This SIXTH AMENDMENT (this &#8220;<u style="text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">Amendment</u>&#8221;), dated as of July 6, 2020 (the &#8220;<u style="text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">Effective Date</u>&#8221;), is to the Fifth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (as heretofore amended, the &#8220;<u style="text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">Credit Agreement</u>&#8221;), dated as of May 1, 2015 among PENSKE AUTOMOTIVE GROUP, INC., a Delaware corporation (the &#8220;<u style="text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">Company</u>&#8221;), various financial institutions party thereto (the &#8220;<u style="text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">Lenders</u>&#8221;) and MERCEDES-BENZ FINANCIAL SERVICES USA LLC, as agent for the Lenders (the &#8220;<u style="text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">Agent</u>&#8221;). &#160;Unless otherwise defined herein, terms defined in the Credit Agreement are used herein as defined in the Credit Agreement (including as amended hereby).</p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;margin:0pt;"><font style="font-size:11pt;margin-bottom:12pt;visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</font></p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;margin:0pt;">WHEREAS, the Company has requested that the Lenders increase the Revolving Commitment Amount such that the aggregate Revolving Commitment Amount after giving effect to such increase shall be $550,000,000; and</p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;margin:0pt;"><font style="font-size:11pt;margin-bottom:12pt;visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</font></p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;margin:0pt;">WHEREAS, the parties hereto desire to amend the Credit Agreement in certain other respects as set forth herein.</p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;margin:0pt;"><font style="font-size:11pt;margin-bottom:12pt;visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</font></p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;margin:0pt;">NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and for other good and valuable consideration (the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged), the parties hereto agree as follows:</p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;margin:0pt;"><font style="font-size:11pt;margin-bottom:12pt;visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</font></p><div style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-left:4.3pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;"><font style="display:inline-block;font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;min-width:67.7pt;text-indent:0pt;text-transform:uppercase;white-space:nowrap;">SECTION 1</font><b style="font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">AMENDMENTS</b><b style="font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;">.</b><font style="font-size:11pt;"> &#160;Subject to the terms and conditions hereof and subject to the satisfaction of the conditions precedent set forth in </font><u 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Roman';font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;min-width:36pt;text-indent:0pt;white-space:nowrap;">1.2</font><font style="font-size:11pt;">Effective as of the Sixth Amendment Effective Date, Section 1.1 of the Credit Agreement is further amended to amend and restate the following defined terms:</font></div><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:justify;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 36pt;"><font style="font-size:11pt;margin-left:0pt;visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</font></p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:justify;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 36pt;">&#8220;<u style="text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">Pro Rata Share</u> means, with respect to any Lender, the percentage which (a)&#160;the aggregate amount of such Lender&#8217;s Commitments is of (b)&#160;the Commitments of all Lenders; <u style="text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">provided</u> that, after any of the Commitments have been terminated, &#8220;Pro Rata Share&#8221; shall mean, as to any Lender, the percentage which the sum of the aggregate principal amount of such Lender&#8217;s Revolving Loans <u style="text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">plus</u> the participations of such Lender in all Letters of Credit <u style="text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">plus</u> the aggregate principal amount of such Lender&#8217;s Acquisition Loans is of the sum of the aggregate principal amount of all Revolving Loans <u style="text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">plus</u> the Stated Amount of all Letters of Credit <u style="text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">plus</u> the aggregate principal amount of all Acquisition Loans. &#160;The Pro Rata Share of each Lender as of the Sixth Amendment Effective Date is set forth on <u style="text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">Schedule 2.1</u>.&#8221;</p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:justify;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 36pt;"><font style="font-size:11pt;margin-left:0pt;text-decoration:underline;visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</font></p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:justify;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 36pt;">&#8220;<u style="text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">Revolving Commitment</u> means, as to any Lender, such Lender&#8217;s commitment to make Revolving Loans and/or issue or participate in Letters of Credit under this Agreement. &#160;Each Lender&#8217;s Pro Rata Share of the Revolving Commitment Amount and the L/C Commitment Amount as in effect on the Sixth Amendment Effective Date is set forth on <u style="text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">Schedule 2.1</u>.&#8221;</p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:justify;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 36pt;"><font style="font-size:11pt;margin-left:0pt;visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</font></p><div style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-left:0pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;"><font style="display:inline-block;font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;min-width:36pt;text-indent:0pt;white-space:nowrap;">1.3</font><font style="font-size:11pt;">Effective as of the Sixth Amendment Effective Date, Schedules 2.1 and 2.1A of the Credit </font></div></div></div><hr style="background-color:#000000;clear:both;color:#000000;height:2pt;line-height:0;margin-bottom:30pt;margin-left:11.76%;margin-right:11.76%;margin-top:30pt;page-break-after:always;width:76.47%;border-width:0;"><div style="max-width:100%;padding-left:11.76%;padding-right:11.76%;position:relative;"><div style="clear:both;max-width:100%;position:relative;"><div style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-left:0pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;"><font style="font-size:11pt;">Agreement are hereby amended and restated in their entireties and replaced with Schedule 2.1 hereto. </font></div><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 36pt;"><font style="font-size:11pt;margin-bottom:12pt;margin-left:0pt;text-decoration:underline;visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</font></p><div style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;margin-bottom:12pt;margin-left:4.3pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;"><font style="display:inline-block;font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;min-width:67.7pt;text-indent:0pt;text-transform:uppercase;white-space:nowrap;">SECTION 2</font><b style="font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">REALLOCATION OF COMMITMENTS</b><b style="font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;">.</b><font style="font-size:11pt;"> &#160;On the Sixth Amendment Effective Date, all outstanding &#8220;Revolving Commitments,&#8221; &#8220;Revolving Loans&#8221;, &#8220;Acquisition Commitments&#8221;, &#8220;Acquisition Loans&#8221; and other outstanding advances under the Credit Agreement shall be reallocated among the Lenders under the Credit Agreement as amended by this Amendment in accordance with such Lenders&#8217; respective revised Pro Rata Shares. &#160;The assignments and purchases provided for in this Section 2 shall be without recourse, warranty or representation. &#160;The purchase price for each such assignment and purchase shall equal the principal amount of the Revolving Loan purchased and shall be payable to Agent for distribution to the Lenders.</font></div><div style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;margin-bottom:12pt;margin-left:4.3pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;"><font style="display:inline-block;font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;min-width:67.7pt;text-indent:0pt;text-transform:uppercase;white-space:nowrap;">SECTION 3</font><b style="font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES</b><b style="font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;">.</b><font style="font-size:11pt;"> The Company represents and warrants to the Agent and the Lenders that: &#160;(a) the representations and warranties made in </font><u style="font-size:11pt;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">Section 8</u><font style="font-size:11pt;"> of the Credit Agreement are true and correct on and as of the date hereof with the same effect as if made on and as of the date hereof (except to the extent relating solely to an earlier date, in which case they were true and correct as of such earlier date); (b) no Event of Default or Unmatured Event of Default exists or will result from the execution of this Amendment; (c) no event or circumstance has occurred since the Effective Date that has resulted, or would reasonably be expected to result, in a Material Adverse Effect; (d) the execution and delivery by the Company of this Amendment and the performance by the Company of its obligations under the Credit Agreement as amended hereby (as so amended, the &#8220;</font><u style="font-size:11pt;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">Amended Credit Agreement</u><font style="font-size:11pt;">&#8221;) (i) are within the corporate powers of the Company, (ii) have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action, (iii) have received all necessary approval from any governmental authority and (iv) do not and will not contravene or conflict with any provision of any law, rule or regulation or any order, decree, judgment or award which is binding on the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or of any provision of the certificate of incorporation or bylaws or other organizational documents of the Company or of any agreement, indenture, instrument or other document which is binding on the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; and (e) the Amended Credit Agreement is the legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors&#8217; rights generally or by equitable principles relating to enforceability. </font></div><div style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;margin-bottom:12pt;margin-left:4.3pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;"><font style="display:inline-block;font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;min-width:67.7pt;text-indent:0pt;text-transform:uppercase;white-space:nowrap;">SECTION 4</font><b style="font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">EFFECTIVENESS</b><b style="font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;">.</b><font style="font-size:11pt;"> &#160;This Amendment shall become effective upon the satisfaction of each of the following conditions precedent, in case in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Agent: </font></div><div style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;margin-bottom:12pt;margin-left:0pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;"><font style="display:inline-block;font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;min-width:36pt;text-indent:0pt;white-space:nowrap;">4.1</font><font style="font-size:11pt;">Agent shall have received a copy of this Amendment by Agent duly executed by the Company and each of the Lenders;</font></div><div style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;margin-bottom:12pt;margin-left:0pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;"><font style="display:inline-block;font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;min-width:36pt;text-indent:0pt;white-space:nowrap;">4.2</font><font style="font-size:11pt;">Agent shall have received an opinion of counsel to the Company; and</font></div><div style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;margin-bottom:12pt;margin-left:0pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;"><font style="display:inline-block;font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;min-width:36pt;text-indent:0pt;white-space:nowrap;">4.3</font><font style="font-size:11pt;">Agent shall have received the fees and expenses provided in Section 7.3 of this Amendment, to the extent invoiced on or prior to the date hereof. </font></div><div style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;margin-bottom:12pt;margin-left:4.3pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;"><font style="display:inline-block;font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;min-width:67.7pt;text-indent:0pt;text-transform:uppercase;white-space:nowrap;">SECTION 5</font><b style="font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">RATIFICATION</b><b style="font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;">.</b><font style="font-size:11pt;"> &#160;Except as expressly modified in this Amendment, all of the terms, provisions and conditions of the Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents to which each Loan Party is a party, as heretofore amended, shall remain unchanged and in full force and effect and the Credit Agreement and each other Loan Document to which a Loan Party is a party are hereby ratified and confirmed in all respects. &#160;The execution, delivery and effectiveness of this Amendment shall not operate as a waiver of any right, power or remedy of the Agent or the Lenders under the Credit Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents, or constitute a waiver of any provision of the Credit Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents. &#160;This Amendment shall not constitute a course of dealing with the Agent or </font></div></div></div><hr style="background-color:#000000;clear:both;color:#000000;height:2pt;line-height:0;margin-bottom:30pt;margin-left:11.76%;margin-right:11.76%;margin-top:30pt;page-break-after:always;width:76.47%;border-width:0;"><div style="max-width:100%;padding-left:11.76%;padding-right:11.76%;position:relative;"><div style="clear:both;max-width:100%;position:relative;"><div style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;margin-bottom:12pt;margin-left:4.3pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;"><font style="font-size:11pt;">the Lenders at variance with the Credit Agreement or the other Loan Documents such as to require further notice by the Agent or the Lenders to require strict compliance with the terms of the Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents in the future.</font></div><div style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;margin-bottom:12pt;margin-left:4.3pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;"><font style="display:inline-block;font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;min-width:67.7pt;text-indent:0pt;text-transform:uppercase;white-space:nowrap;">SECTION 6</font><b style="font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">RELEASE</b><b style="font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;">.</b><font style="font-size:11pt;">&#160; The Company acknowledges that the Agent and each Lender would not enter into this Amendment without the Company&#8217;s assurance hereunder.&#160; Except for the obligations arising hereafter under this Amendment and the other Loan Documents, on behalf of itself and each of its Subsidiaries, the Company hereby absolutely discharges and releases the Agent and each Lender, any person that has obtained any interest from the Agent or any Lender under any Loan Document and each of the Agent&#8217;s and each Lender&#8217;s former and present partners, stockholders, officers, directors, employees, successors, assignees, affiliates, agents and attorneys (collectively, the &#8220;</font><u style="font-size:11pt;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">Releasees</u><font style="font-size:11pt;">&#8221;) from any known or unknown claims which any Loan Party or any of its Subsidiaries now has against Lender or any other Releasee of any nature arising out of or related to the Loan Parties or any of their Subsidiaries, any dealings with such Loan Party or any of its Subsidiaries, any of the Loan Documents or any transactions pursuant thereto or contemplated thereby, the collateral (or any other collateral of any Person that previously secured or now or hereafter secures any of the Obligations), or any negotiations for any modifications to or forbearance or concessions with respect to any of the Loan Documents, in each case including any claims that such Loan Party or any of its Subsidiaries, successors, counsel and advisors may in the future discover they would have now had if they had known facts not now known to them, and in each case whether founded in contract, in tort or pursuant to any other theory of liability, but limited, in all cases, to the lending relationship among the Agent, Lenders and the Company.</font></div><div style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;margin-bottom:12pt;margin-left:4.5pt;min-height:18.0pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;"><font style="display:inline-block;font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;min-width:67.5pt;text-indent:0pt;text-transform:uppercase;white-space:nowrap;">SECTION 7</font><b style="font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">MISCELLANEOUS</b><b style="font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;">.</b></div><div style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;margin-bottom:12pt;margin-left:0pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;"><font style="display:inline-block;font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;min-width:36pt;text-indent:0pt;white-space:nowrap;">7.1</font><u style="font-size:11pt;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">Continuing Effectiveness, etc</u><font style="font-size:11pt;">. &#160;As hereby amended, the Credit Agreement shall remain in full force and effect and is hereby ratified and confirmed in all respects. &#160;All references in the Credit Agreement, the Notes, each other Loan Document and any similar document to the &#8220;Credit Agreement&#8221; or similar terms shall refer to the Credit Agreement as amended hereby. </font></div><div style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;margin-bottom:12pt;margin-left:0pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;"><font style="display:inline-block;font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;min-width:36pt;text-indent:0pt;white-space:nowrap;">7.2</font><u style="font-size:11pt;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">Counterparts</u><font style="font-size:11pt;">. &#160;This Amendment may be executed in any number of counterparts and by the different parties on separate counterparts, and each such counterpart shall be deemed to be an original but all such counterparts shall together constitute one and the same Amendment.</font></div><div style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;margin-bottom:12pt;margin-left:0pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;"><font style="display:inline-block;font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;min-width:36pt;text-indent:0pt;white-space:nowrap;">7.3</font><u style="font-size:11pt;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">Expenses</u><font style="font-size:11pt;">. &#160;The Company agrees to pay the reasonable fees, costs and expenses of the Agent and the Lenders in connection with the preparation, execution and delivery of this Amendment and all other fees, costs and expenses due and owning under the Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents.</font></div><div style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;margin-bottom:12pt;margin-left:0pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;"><font style="display:inline-block;font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;min-width:36pt;text-indent:0pt;white-space:nowrap;">7.4</font><u style="font-size:11pt;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">Severability of Provisions</u><font style="font-size:11pt;">. &#160;In the event that any provision in or obligation under this Amendment shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions or obligations, or of such provision or obligation in any other jurisdiction, shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.</font></div><div style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;margin-bottom:12pt;margin-left:0pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;"><font style="display:inline-block;font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;min-width:36pt;text-indent:0pt;white-space:nowrap;">7.5</font><u style="font-size:11pt;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">Section Headings</u><font style="font-size:11pt;">. &#160;The various headings of this Amendment are inserted for convenience only and shall not affect the meaning or interpretation of this Amendment or the Credit Agreement or any provision hereof or thereof.</font></div><div style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;margin-bottom:12pt;margin-left:0pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;"><font style="display:inline-block;font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;min-width:36pt;text-indent:0pt;white-space:nowrap;">7.6</font><u style="font-size:11pt;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">Governing Law</u><font style="font-size:11pt;">. &#160;This Amendment shall be a contract made under and governed by the laws of the State of New York applicable to contracts made and to be wholly performed within the State of New York.</font></div><div style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;margin-bottom:12pt;margin-left:0pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;"><font style="display:inline-block;font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;min-width:36pt;text-indent:0pt;white-space:nowrap;">7.7</font><u style="font-size:11pt;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">Successors and Assigns</u><font style="font-size:11pt;">. &#160;This Amendment shall be binding upon the Company, the </font></div></div></div><hr style="background-color:#000000;clear:both;color:#000000;height:2pt;line-height:0;margin-bottom:30pt;margin-left:11.76%;margin-right:11.76%;margin-top:30pt;page-break-after:always;width:76.47%;border-width:0;"><div style="max-width:100%;padding-left:11.76%;padding-right:11.76%;position:relative;"><div style="clear:both;max-width:100%;position:relative;"><div style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;margin-bottom:12pt;margin-left:0pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;"><font style="font-size:11pt;">Lenders and the Agent and their respective successors and assigns, and shall inure to the benefit of the Company, the Lenders and the Agent and the successors and assigns of the Lenders and the Agent.</font></div><div style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;margin-bottom:12pt;margin-left:0pt;min-height:18.0pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;"><font style="display:inline-block;font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;min-width:36pt;text-indent:0pt;white-space:nowrap;">7.8</font><u style="font-size:11pt;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">Loan Document</u><font style="font-size:11pt;">. &#160;This Amendment is a Loan Document.</font></div><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:center;text-indent:0pt;margin:0pt 0pt 12pt 0pt;"><i style="font-style:italic;">[Signatures Immediately Follow]</i></p><p style="display:none;font-size:12pt;line-height:0pt;margin:0pt;"><font style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:0pt;font-style:italic;visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</font></p></div></div><hr style="background-color:#000000;clear:both;color:#000000;height:2pt;line-height:0;margin-bottom:30pt;margin-left:11.76%;margin-right:11.76%;margin-top:30pt;page-break-after:always;width:76.47%;border-width:0;"><div style="max-width:100%;padding-left:11.76%;padding-right:11.76%;position:relative;"><div style="clear:both;max-width:100%;position:relative;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;margin:0pt 0pt 12pt 0pt;">Delivered as of the day and year first above written.</p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:justify;margin:0pt;"><font style="font-size:11pt;visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</font></p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 216pt;"><b style="font-weight:bold;">PENSKE AUTOMOTIVE GROUP, INC.</b>, as Company</p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 216pt;"><font style="font-size:11pt;margin-left:0pt;visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</font></p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 216pt;"><font style="font-size:11pt;margin-left:0pt;visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</font></p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 216pt;">By:<u style="text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">/s/ JD Carlson</u><u style="text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;"><u style="display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;position:relative;text-align:justify;text-align-last:justify;text-decoration:underline;text-indent:0pt;vertical-align:bottom;white-space:normal;width:29.77pt;">&#8203; &#8203;<font style="display:inline-block;height:0pt;width:100%;"></font></u></u><u style="text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;"><u style="display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;position:relative;text-align:justify;text-align-last:justify;text-decoration:underline;text-indent:0pt;vertical-align:bottom;white-space:normal;width:36pt;">&#8203; &#8203;<font style="display:inline-block;height:0pt;width:100%;"></font></u></u><u style="text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;"><u style="display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;position:relative;text-align:justify;text-align-last:justify;text-decoration:underline;text-indent:0pt;vertical-align:bottom;white-space:normal;width:36pt;">&#8203; &#8203;<font style="display:inline-block;height:0pt;width:100%;"></font></u></u><u style="text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;"><u style="display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;position:relative;text-align:justify;text-align-last:justify;text-decoration:underline;text-indent:0pt;vertical-align:bottom;white-space:normal;width:36pt;">&#8203; &#8203;<font style="display:inline-block;height:0pt;width:100%;"></font></u></u></p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 216pt;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;">Name:  JD Carlson</font><font style="display:inline-block;width:23.99pt;"></font><font style="display:inline-block;width:36pt;"></font></p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 216pt;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;">Title:  EVP &amp; CFO</font><font style="display:inline-block;width:22.44pt;"></font></p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;margin:0pt;"><font style="font-size:11pt;visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</font></p><p 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Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:justify;margin:0pt;"><font style="font-size:11pt;text-decoration:underline;visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</font></p><p style="display:none;font-size:12pt;line-height:0pt;margin:0pt;"><font style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:0pt;text-decoration:underline;visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</font></p></div></div><hr style="background-color:#000000;clear:both;color:#000000;height:2pt;line-height:0;margin-bottom:30pt;margin-left:11.76%;margin-right:11.76%;margin-top:30pt;page-break-after:always;width:76.47%;border-width:0;"><div style="max-width:100%;padding-left:11.76%;padding-right:11.76%;position:relative;"><div style="clear:both;max-width:100%;position:relative;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:center;margin:0pt 0pt 12pt 0pt;">SCHEDULE 2.1</p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:center;margin:0pt 0pt 12pt 0pt;">LENDERS AND PRO RATA SHARES</p><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:12pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:justify;margin:0pt;"><font style="font-size:11pt;visibility:hidden;">&#8203;</font></p><div><table style="border-collapse:collapse;font-size:16pt;margin-left:-2.6602554%;width:105.32%;" align="center"><tr><td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:21.58%;border-bottom:1px solid #000000;border-left:1px solid #000000;border-right:1px solid #000000;border-top:1px solid #000000;margin:0pt;padding:0pt 5.15pt 0pt 5.15pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:center;margin:0pt 0pt 3pt 0pt;"><b style="font-weight:bold;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">Lender</b></p></td><td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:21.1%;border-bottom:1px solid #000000;border-left:1px solid #000000;border-right:1px solid #000000;border-top:1px solid #000000;margin:0pt;padding:0pt 5.15pt 0pt 5.15pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:center;margin:0pt 0pt 3pt 0pt;"><b style="font-weight:bold;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">Share of Revolving Commitment Amount</b></p></td><td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:20.31%;border-bottom:1px solid #000000;border-left:1px solid #000000;border-right:1px solid #000000;border-top:1px solid #000000;margin:0pt;padding:0pt 5.15pt 0pt 5.15pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:center;margin:0pt 0pt 3pt 0pt;"><b style="font-weight:bold;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">Share of Acquisition Commitment Amount</b></p></td><td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:19.19%;border-bottom:1px solid #000000;border-left:1px solid #000000;border-right:1px solid #000000;border-top:1px solid #000000;margin:0pt;padding:0pt 5.15pt 0pt 5.15pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:center;margin:0pt 0pt 3pt 0pt;"><b style="font-weight:bold;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">Share of L/C Commitment Amount</b></p></td><td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:17.79%;border-bottom:1px solid #000000;border-left:1px solid #000000;border-right:1px solid #000000;border-top:1px solid #000000;margin:0pt;padding:0pt 5.15pt 0pt 5.15pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:center;margin:0pt 0pt 3pt 0pt;"><b style="font-weight:bold;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#000000;">Pro Rata Share </b></p></td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align:top;width:21.58%;border-bottom:1px solid #000000;border-left:1px solid #000000;border-right:1px solid #000000;border-top:1px solid #000000;margin:0pt;padding:0pt 5.15pt 0pt 5.15pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;margin:2pt 0pt 2pt 0pt;">Mercedes-Benz Financial Services USA LLC</p></td><td style="vertical-align:top;width:21.1%;border-bottom:1px solid #000000;border-left:1px solid #000000;border-right:1px solid #000000;border-top:1px solid #000000;margin:0pt;padding:0pt 5.15pt 0pt 5.15pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:center;margin:2pt 0pt 2pt 0pt;">$288,750,000</p></td><td style="vertical-align:top;width:20.31%;border-bottom:1px solid #000000;border-left:1px solid #000000;border-right:1px solid #000000;border-top:1px solid #000000;margin:0pt;padding:0pt 5.15pt 0pt 5.15pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:center;margin:2pt 0pt 2pt 0pt;">$131,250,000</p></td><td style="vertical-align:top;width:19.19%;border-bottom:1px solid #000000;border-left:1px solid #000000;border-right:1px solid #000000;border-top:1px solid #000000;margin:0pt;padding:0pt 5.15pt 0pt 5.15pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:center;margin:2pt 0pt 2pt 0pt;">$26,250,000</p></td><td style="vertical-align:top;width:17.79%;border-bottom:1px solid #000000;border-left:1px solid #000000;border-right:1px solid #000000;border-top:1px solid #000000;margin:0pt;padding:0pt 5.15pt 0pt 5.15pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:center;margin:2pt 0pt 2pt 0pt;">52.500000000%</p></td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align:top;width:21.58%;border-bottom:1px solid #000000;border-left:1px solid #000000;border-right:1px solid #000000;border-top:1px solid #000000;margin:0pt;padding:0pt 5.15pt 0pt 5.15pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;margin:2pt 0pt 2pt 0pt;">Toyota Motor Credit Corporation</p></td><td style="vertical-align:top;width:21.1%;border-bottom:1px solid #000000;border-left:1px solid #000000;border-right:1px solid #000000;border-top:1px solid #000000;margin:0pt;padding:0pt 5.15pt 0pt 5.15pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:center;margin:2pt 0pt 2pt 0pt;">$261,250,000</p></td><td style="vertical-align:top;width:20.31%;border-bottom:1px solid #000000;border-left:1px solid #000000;border-right:1px solid #000000;border-top:1px solid #000000;margin:0pt;padding:0pt 5.15pt 0pt 5.15pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:center;margin:2pt 0pt 2pt 0pt;">$118,750,000</p></td><td style="vertical-align:top;width:19.19%;border-bottom:1px solid #000000;border-left:1px solid #000000;border-right:1px solid #000000;border-top:1px solid #000000;margin:0pt;padding:0pt 5.15pt 0pt 5.15pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New 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#000000;border-top:1px solid #000000;margin:0pt;padding:0pt 5.15pt 0pt 5.15pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:center;margin:2pt 0pt 2pt 0pt;">$550,000,000</p></td><td style="vertical-align:top;width:20.31%;border-bottom:1px solid #000000;border-left:1px solid #000000;border-right:1px solid #000000;border-top:1px solid #000000;margin:0pt;padding:0pt 5.15pt 0pt 5.15pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:center;margin:2pt 0pt 2pt 0pt;">$250,000,000</p></td><td style="vertical-align:top;width:19.19%;border-bottom:1px solid #000000;border-left:1px solid #000000;border-right:1px solid #000000;border-top:1px solid #000000;margin:0pt;padding:0pt 5.15pt 0pt 5.15pt;"><p style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Times','serif';font-size:11pt;line-height:1.19;text-align:center;margin:2pt 0pt 2pt 0pt;">$50,000,000</p></td><td 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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>pag-20200706_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>EX-101.PRE
<TEXT>
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      id="Tc_3v_GDbm1dECc3rLzYwv6Rw_2_0">Voting Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share</dei:Security12bTitle>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.20.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140035461350424">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Document and Entity Information<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 06, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_pag_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract', window );"><strong>Document and Entity Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Jul.  06,  2020<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">1-12297<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">Penske Automotive Group, Inc.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">22-3086739<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">2555 Telegraph Road<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Bloomfield Hills<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">MI<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">48302<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">248<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">648-2500<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Voting Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">PAG<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NYSE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001019849<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The end date of the period reflected on the cover page if a periodic report. For all other reports and registration statements containing historical data, it is the date up through which that historical data is presented.  If there is no historical data in the report, use the filing date. The format of the date is CCYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
