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Segment Information
12 Months Ended
Dec. 27, 2022
Segment Information  
Segment Information

(19) Segment Information

We manage our restaurant and franchising operations by concept and as a result have identified Texas Roadhouse, Bubba's 33, Jaggers, and our retail initiatives as separate operating segments. Our reportable segments are Texas Roadhouse and Bubba's 33. The Texas Roadhouse reportable segment includes the results of our domestic company Texas Roadhouse restaurants and domestic and international franchise Texas Roadhouse restaurants. The Bubba's 33 reportable segment includes the results of our domestic company Bubba's 33 restaurants. Our remaining operating segments, which include the results of our domestic company Jaggers restaurants and the results of our retail initiatives, are included in Other. In addition, Corporate-related segment assets, depreciation and amortization, and capital expenditures are also included in Other.

Management uses restaurant margin as the measure for assessing performance of our segments. Restaurant margin (in dollars and as a percentage of restaurant and other sales) represents restaurant and other sales less restaurant-level operating costs, including food and beverage costs, labor, rent and other operating costs. Restaurant margin also includes sales and operating costs related to our non-royalty based retail initiatives. Restaurant margin is used by our CODM to evaluate core restaurant-level operating efficiency and performance over various reporting periods on a consistent basis.

In calculating restaurant margin, we exclude certain non-restaurant-level costs that support operations, including general and administrative expenses, but do not have a direct impact on restaurant-level operational efficiency and performance. We exclude pre-opening expense as it occurs at irregular intervals and would impact comparability to prior period results. We exclude depreciation and amortization expense, substantially all of which relates to restaurant-level assets, as it represents a non-cash charge for the investment in our restaurants. We also exclude impairment and closure expense as we believe this provides a clearer perspective of the Company’s ongoing operating performance and a more useful comparison to prior period results. Restaurant margin as presented may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies in our industry.

Restaurant and other sales for all operating segments are derived primarily from food and beverage sales. We do not rely on any major customer as a source of sales and the customers and assets of our reportable segments are located predominantly in the United States. There are no material transactions between reportable segments.

The following tables reconcile our segment results to our consolidated results reported in accordance with GAAP:

Fiscal Year Ended December 27, 2022

Texas Roadhouse

Bubba's 33

Other

Total

Restaurant and other sales

$

3,762,884

$

211,690

$

14,217

$

3,988,791

Restaurant operating costs (excluding depreciation and amortization)

3,162,687

184,756

13,847

3,361,290

Restaurant margin

$

600,197

$

26,934

$

370

$

627,501

Depreciation and amortization

$

112,546

$

13,012

$

11,679

$

137,237

Segment assets

2,015,173

201,503

308,989

2,525,665

Capital expenditures

204,662

30,625

10,834

246,121

Fiscal Year Ended December 28, 2021

Texas Roadhouse

Bubba's 33

Other

Total

Restaurant and other sales

$

3,253,889

$

174,355

$

10,932

$

3,439,176

Restaurant operating costs (excluding depreciation and amortization)

2,701,850

145,493

10,101

2,857,444

Restaurant margin

$

552,039

$

28,862

$

831

$

581,732

Depreciation and amortization

$

105,079

$

12,700

$

8,982

$

126,761

Segment assets

1,874,620

179,856

457,476

2,511,952

Capital expenditures

167,746

23,408

9,538

200,692

Fiscal Year Ended December 29, 2020

Texas Roadhouse

Bubba's 33

Other

Total

Restaurant and other sales

$

2,267,815

$

106,981

$

5,381

$

2,380,177

Restaurant operating costs (excluding depreciation and amortization)

2,011,517

98,565

4,455

2,114,537

Restaurant margin

$

256,298

$

8,416

$

926

$

265,640

Depreciation and amortization

$

98,485

$

12,036

$

7,356

$

117,877

Capital expenditures

127,162

13,833

13,406

154,401

A reconciliation of restaurant margin to income from operations is presented below. We do not allocate interest expense, net and equity income (loss) from investments in unconsolidated affiliates to reportable segments.

Fiscal Year Ended

December 27, 2022

December 28, 2021

December 29, 2020

Restaurant margin

$

627,501

$

581,732

$

265,640

Add:

Franchise royalties and fees

26,128

24,770

17,946

Less:

Pre-opening

21,883

24,335

20,099

Depreciation and amortization

137,237

126,761

117,877

Impairment and closure, net

1,600

734

2,263

General and administrative

172,712

157,480

119,503

Income from operations

$

320,197

$

297,192

$

23,844