Restructuring and Other

The Company recorded restructuring and other charges as follows:



	2018			2017		2016
Asset impairments and sales	$	(5	)	$	12	$	14
Restructuring	25			18		12
Transaction costs	26			2		—
Other costs	(2		)	19		4
	$	44		$	51	$	30

In 2018, the Company recorded asset impairment charges of $13 to write down the carrying value of fixed assets related to the announced closure of two beverage can plants in the Company's Asia Pacific segment. The Company announced plans to close the plants in response to current economic conditions in China. Asset impairment and sales also includes gains on asset sales related to prior restructuring actions.

Restructuring costs in 2018 included $5 for termination benefits related to the closure of two beverage can plants in the Company's Asia Pacific segment discussed above, $12 of termination benefits related to other actions to reduce manufacturing capacity and headcount and other exit costs of $8 related to prior and current year restructuring actions.

In 2017, asset impairments and sales included a charge of $19 to write down the carrying value of fixed assets related to the closure of beverage can plants in China and the U.S., a promotional packaging facility in Europe and a food can facility in Peru. Asset impairments and sales also includes a benefit of $5 due to the expiration of an environmental indemnification related to the sale of certain operations in the Company's European Promotional Packaging business during 2015. Additionally, the Company recorded restructuring charges of $18 for termination benefits related to the plant closures listed above.

Transaction costs in 2018 and 2017 relate to the acquisition of Signode as described in Note B

In 2017, other costs included a charge of $19 due to the settlement of a litigation matter related to Mivisa that arose prior to its acquisition by the Company in 2014. In 2018, the Company recorded a benefit of $6 due to the favorable settlement of this matter.

In 2016, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $9 to write down the carrying value of fixed assets and $3 for termination benefits related to the closure of a beverage can plant in the Company's Asia Pacific segment.

Restructuring charges by segment were as follows:



	2018		2017		2016
Americas Beverage	$	4	$	3	$	1
Europe Beverage	1		—		—
European Food	4		4		4
Asia Pacific	5		3		3
Transit Packaging	3		—		—
Non-reportable segments	5		8		4
Corporate	3		—		—
	$	25	$	18	$	12

Restructuring charges by type were as follows:



	2018		2017		2016
Termination benefits	$	17	$	15	$	9
Other exit costs	8		3		3
	$	25	$	18	$	12

At December 31, 2018, the Company had a restructuring accrual of $21, primarily related to the closure of the beverage can plants in China discussed above, and current and prior year actions to reduce manufacturing capacity and headcount in its European businesses. The Company expects to pay these amounts over the next twelve months. The Company continues to review its supply and demand profile and long-term plans in its businesses, and it is possible that the Company may record additional restructuring charges in the future.