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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Components of Income Before Income Taxes

The components of income before income taxes were as follows: 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
U.S.
$
(3
)
 
$
21

 
$
10

Foreign
789

 
719

 
819

 
$
786

 
$
740

 
$
829


Provision for Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes consisted of the following: 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
Current tax:
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. federal
$
(1
)
 
$
(2
)
 
$

State and foreign
202

 
183

 
154

 
$
201

 
$
181

 
$
154

Deferred tax:
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. federal
$
16

 
$
31

 
$
217

State and foreign
(51
)
 
4

 
30

 
(35
)
 
35

 
247

Total
$
166

 
$
216

 
$
401


Schedule of U.S. Statutory Federal Income Tax Rate to Pre-tax Income
The provision for income taxes differs from the amount of income tax determined by applying the U.S. statutory federal income tax rate to pre-tax income as a result of the following items:
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
U.S. statutory rate at 21%, 21% and 35%
$
166

 
$
155

 
$
290

Tax on foreign income
7

 
30

 
(126
)
U.S. taxes on foreign income, net of credits
15

 
24

 
45

Valuation allowance changes
(33
)
 
(1
)
 
9

Tax contingencies
19

 
(2
)
 
6

Tax law changes
(11
)
 
4

 
174

Other items, net
3

 
6

 
3

Income tax provision
$
166

 
$
216

 
$
401


Components of Deferred Taxes
The components of deferred taxes at December 31 are:
 
2019
 
2018
 
Assets
 
Liabilities
 
Assets
 
Liabilities
Tax carryforwards
$
512

 
$

 
$
531

 
$

Postretirement and postemployment benefits
40

 

 
39

 

Pensions
176

 
124

 
193

 
106

Property, plant and equipment
23

 
174

 
20

 
177

Intangible assets

 
401

 

 
431

Asbestos
66

 

 
71

 

Accruals and other
88

 
90

 
88

 
73

Right of use assets

 
30

 

 

Lease liabilities
30

 

 

 

Valuation allowances
(243
)
 

 
(282
)
 

Total
$
692

 
$
819

 
$
660

 
$
787



Schedule of Tax Loss and Credit Carryforwards Expiration
Tax carryforwards expire as follows:
Year
 
Amount

2020
 
$
27

2021
 
22

2022
 
82

2023
 
11

2024
 
14

Thereafter
 
211

Unlimited
 
145


Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits
A reconciliation of unrecognized tax benefits follows: 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
Balance at January 1
$
37

 
$
29

 
$
27

Additions related to acquisitions

 
13

 

Additions for prior year tax positions
20

 
1

 
6

Reductions to prior period tax positions

 

 
(2
)
Lapse of statute of limitations
(1
)
 
(3
)
 

Settlements
(15
)
 
(2
)
 
(4
)
Foreign currency translation

 
(1
)
 
2

Balance at December 31
$
41

 
$
37

 
$
29