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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Components of Income Before Income Taxes
The components of income before income taxes were as follows: 
202020192018
U.S.$93 $(3)$21 
Foreign833 789 719 
$926 $786 $740 
Provision for Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes consisted of the following: 
202020192018
Current tax:
U.S. federal$— $(1)$(2)
State and foreign211 202 183 
$211 $201 $181 
Deferred tax:
U.S. federal$37 $16 $31 
State and foreign(4)(51)
33 (35)35 
Total$244 $166 $216 
Schedule of U.S. Statutory Federal Income Tax Rate to Pre-tax Income
The provision for income taxes differs from the amount of income tax determined by applying the U.S. statutory federal income tax rate to pre-tax income as a result of the following items:
 202020192018
U.S. statutory rate at 21%$194 $166 $155 
Tax on foreign income30 30 
U.S. taxes on foreign income, net of credits14 15 24 
Valuation allowance changes(11)(33)(1)
Tax contingencies19 (2)
Tax law changes(11)
Other items, net12 
Income tax provision$244 $166 $216 
Components of Deferred Taxes
The components of deferred taxes at December 31 were:
 20202019
 AssetsLiabilitiesAssetsLiabilities
Tax carryforwards$433 $— $512 $— 
Postretirement and postemployment benefits39 — 40 — 
Pensions139 101 176 124 
Property, plant and equipment29 172 23 174 
Intangible assets— 385 — 401 
Asbestos61 — 66 — 
Accruals and other102 92 88 90 
Right of use assets— 42 — 30 
Lease liabilities43 — 30 — 
Valuation allowances(205)— (243)— 
Total$641 $792 $692 $819 
Schedule of Tax Loss and Credit Carryforwards Expiration
Tax carryforwards expire as follows:
YearAmount
2021$20 
202275 
202312 
202413 
202527 
Thereafter141 
Unlimited145 
Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits
A reconciliation of unrecognized tax benefits follows: 
202020192018
Balance at January 1$41 $37 $29 
Additions related to acquisitions— — 13 
Additions for prior year tax positions20 
Lapse of statute of limitations— (1)(3)
Settlements— (15)(2)
Foreign currency translation— (1)
Balance at December 31$44 $41 $37