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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Components of Income Before Income Taxes
The components of income before income taxes were as follows: 
202320222021
U.S.$(1)$295 $143 
Foreign796761 (562)
$795 $1,056 $(419)
Schedule of Provision for Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes consisted of the following: 
202320222021
Current tax:
U.S. federal$31 $18 $
State and foreign244 190 239 
$275 $208 $241 
Deferred tax:
U.S. federal$(27)$46 $46 
State and foreign(26)(11)(344)
(53)35 (298)
Total$222 $243 $(57)
Schedule of U.S. Statutory Federal Income Tax Rate to Pre-tax Income
The provision for income taxes differs from the amount of income tax determined by applying the U.S. statutory federal income tax rate to pre-tax income as a result of the following items:
 202320222021
U.S. statutory rate at 21%$167 $222 $(88)
Tax on foreign income(30)(35)
Foreign withholding taxes23 
Valuation allowance changes33 26 
State taxes(2)
U.S. taxes on foreign income, net of credits13 
Tax contingencies
Tax law changes(8)
Other items, net12 
Income tax provision / (benefit)$222 $243 $(57)
Schedule of Components of Deferred Taxes
The components of deferred taxes at December 31 were:
 20232022
 AssetsLiabilitiesAssetsLiabilities
Tax carryforwards$274 — $266 $— 
Disallowed interest carryforwards54 — — 
Intangible assets— 292 — 298 
Property, plant and equipment16 253 15 225 
Pensions90 20 87 20 
Accruals and other123 94 105 103 
Asbestos50 — 53 — 
Postretirement and postemployment benefits23 — 25 — 
Lease liabilities32 — 32 — 
Right of use assets— 31 — 30 
Valuation allowances(178)— (173)— 
Total$484 $690 $415 $676 
Schedule of Tax Loss and Credit Carryforwards Expiration
Tax carryforwards expire as follows:
YearAmount
2024$
202515 
202617 
202710 
2028
Thereafter94 
Unlimited128 
Schedule of Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits
A reconciliation of unrecognized tax benefits follows:
202320222021
Balance at January 1$46 $48 $42 
Additions for prior year tax positions
Lapse of statute of limitations(4)(1)(1)
Settlements(2)(6)— 
Foreign currency translation— (2)(2)
Balance at December 31$46 $46 $48