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Commitments and Contingencies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Commitments and Contingencies  
Commitments and Contingencies

8. Commitments and Contingencies

        On December 15, 2009, the Company entered into a definitive triple net space lease agreement with MT SPE, LLC (the "Landlord") whereby it leased approximately 125,000 square feet of office space located at 1050 Enterprise Way in Sunnyvale, California (the "Sunnyvale Lease"). The office space is used for the Company's corporate headquarters, as well as engineering, marketing and administrative operations and activities. The Company moved to the premises in the fourth quarter of 2010 following substantial completion of leasehold improvements. The Sunnyvale Lease has a term of 120 months from the commencement date. The initial annual base rent is $3.7 million, subject to a full abatement of rent for the first six months of the Sunnyvale Lease term, but with the rent for the seventh month paid in December 2009 in order to gain access to the building. The annual base rent increases each year to certain fixed amounts over the course of the term as set forth in the Sunnyvale Lease and will be $4.8 million in the tenth year. In addition to the base rent, the Company also pays operating expenses, insurance expenses, real estate taxes and a management fee. The Company has two options to extend the Sunnyvale Lease for a period of 60 months each and a one-time option to terminate the Sunnyvale Lease after 84 months in exchange for an early termination fee.

        Since certain improvements to be constructed by the Company are considered structural in nature and the Company is responsible for any cost overruns, for accounting purposes, the Company is treated in substance as the owner of the construction project during the construction period. At completion, the Company concluded that it retained sufficient continuing involvement to preclude de-recognition of the building under the FASB authoritative guidance applicable to the sale leasebacks of real estate. As such, the Company continues to account for the building as owned real estate and to record an imputed financing obligation for its obligation to the legal owner.

        Pursuant to the terms of the Sunnyvale Lease, the Landlord has agreed to reimburse the Company approximately $9.1 million, of which $0.3 million was received in 2010 and $8.8 million was received in 2011. The Company recognized the reimbursement as an additional imputed financing obligation under the FASB authoritative guidance as such payment from the Landlord is deemed to be an imputed financing obligation.

        On November 4, 2011, to better plan for future expansion, the Company entered into an Amended Sunnyvale Lease (the "Amended Sunnyvale Lease") for approximately an additional 31,000 square feet of space. Similar to the original Sunnyvale Lease, the Company is required to construct the necessary tenant improvements for the premises to be capable of conducting business, which includes but is not limited to structural elements of the building. Additionally, the Landlord will provide a tenant improvement allowance estimated to be approximately $1.7 million. The Amended Sunnyvale Lease will have a commencement date of March 1, 2012 and will expire on June 30, 2020 (the same end date as the original Sunnyvale Lease). The base rent for the original Sunnyvale Lease will remain unchanged. The annual base rent for the Amended Sunnyvale Lease will initially be $1.1 million with rent abatement for the first five months of the lease term and increases annually over the course of the term as set forth in the Amended Sunnyvale Lease until it reaches $1.3 million.

        Since certain improvements to be constructed by the Company are considered structural in nature and the Company is responsible for any cost overruns, for accounting purposes, the Company is treated in substance as the owner of the construction project during the construction period. Accordingly, as of December 31, 2011, for the Amended Sunnyvale Lease, the Company capitalized an estimated $6.2 million in property, plant and equipment based on the estimated fair value of the portion of the unfinished space along with a corresponding financing obligation for the same amount.

        Monthly lease payments on the facility are allocated between the land element of the lease (which is accounted for as an operating lease) and the imputed financing obligation. The imputed financing obligation is amortized using the effective interest method and the interest rate was determined in accordance with the requirements of sale leaseback accounting. For the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company recognized in its statement of operations $3.2 million and $0.4 million, respectively, of interest expense in connection with the imputed financing obligation on the Sunnyvale facility. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the imputed financing obligation balance in connection with the Sunnyvale facility was $41.8 million and $27.3 million, respectively, which was primarily classified under long-term imputed financing obligation. At the end of the initial lease term, should the Company decide not to renew the lease, the Company would reverse the equal amounts of the net book value of the building and the corresponding imputed financing obligation.

        On March 8, 2010, the Company entered into a lease agreement with Fogg-Brecksville Development Co. (the "Ohio Landlord") for approximately 25,000 square feet of space consisting of approximately 7,000 square feet of office area and approximately 18,000 square feet of warehouse area, located in Brecksville, Ohio (the "Ohio Lease"). The office space is used for the LDT group's engineering activities while the manufacturing space is used for the manufacturer of prototypes for the LDT group. The Ohio Lease was amended on September 29, 2011 to expand the facility to approximately 51,000 total square feet (the "Amended Ohio Lease"), consisting of two extensions to be constructed by the Ohio Landlord ("Expansion A" and "Expansion B"). Expansion A will consist of approximately 11,000 square feet of space and Expansion B will consist of approximately 15,000 square feet of space. The Amended Ohio Lease has a term of 84 months from the First Extended Term Commencement Date as defined below. The First Extended Term Commencement Date is the first day of the month following substantial completion of Expansion B. Upon substantial completion of Expansion A, the annual base rent will be increased to $0.6 million. Upon substantial completion of Expansion B, the annual base rent will be increased to $0.8 million. The annual base rent increases each year on the anniversary date of the First Extended Term Commencement Date by 2% over the course of the term as set forth in the Amended Ohio Lease. The Company has an option to extend the Lease for a period of 60 months.

        The Company undertook a series of structural improvements to ready the initial space for its use in 2010 and the Ohio Landlord began the construction of the building extensions during the fourth quarter of 2011. Since certain improvements constructed by the Company are considered structural in nature and the Company is responsible for any cost overruns, for accounting purposes, the Company is treated in substance as the owner of the construction project during the construction period. At completion of the initial construction period in 2010, the Company concluded that it retained sufficient continuing involvement to preclude de-recognition of the building under the FASB authoritative guidance applicable to the sale leasebacks of real estate. As such, the Company continues to account for the building as owned real estate and to record an imputed financing obligation for its obligation to the legal owner. Additionally, as of December 31, 2011, the Company capitalized $1.2 million in property, plant and equipment based on the estimated fair value of the portion of the unfinished building extensions along with a corresponding financing obligation for the same amount.

        The lease payments are recorded as interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the lease. For the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company recognized in its statement of operations $0.1 million and $29 thousand, respectively, of interest expense in connection with the imputed financing obligation on the Ohio facility. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the imputed financing obligation balance in connection with the Ohio facility was $2.0 million and $0.8 million, respectively, which was classified under long-term imputed financing obligation. At the end of the intended use term, the Company would reverse equal amounts of the net book value of the building and the corresponding imputed financing obligation.

        In November 2011, the Company entered into a lease agreement with Metropolitan Life Insurance (the "SF Landlord") for approximately 26,000 rentable square feet of office space in San Francisco, California (the "SF Lease") to be used for the CRI group's office space and which will be treated as an operating lease. The SF Lease will have a commencement date of February 1, 2012 and a lease term of 75 months from the commencement date. The annual base rent for the SF Lease will be $0.9 million with a rent abatement for the first three months of the lease term and increases annually over the course of the term as set forth in the SF Lease until it reaches $1.0 million.

        In connection with the June 3, 2011 acquisition of CRI, the Company is obligated to pay a retention bonus to certain CRI employees and contractors, subject to certain eligibility and acceleration provisions including the condition of employment, in three equal amounts of approximately $16.7 million, with the first payment paid in cash and the remaining payments in cash or stock at the Company's election, on June 3, 2012, 2013 and 2014, respectively. The total retention bonus commitment is $50.0 million and may be forfeited in part or whole by the covered employees and contractors upon voluntary departure from employment or discontinuation of services. Any amounts forfeited will be accelerated and paid by the Company to a designated charity. See Note 18, "Acquisitions," for additional information regarding the acquisition of CRI.

        On June 29, 2009, the Company entered into an Indenture with U.S. Bank, National Association, as trustee, relating to the issuance by the Company of $150.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2014 Notes. On July 10, 2009, an additional $22.5 million in aggregate principal amount of 2014 Notes were issued as a result of the underwriters exercising their overallotment option. The aggregate principal amount of the 2014 Notes outstanding as of December 31, 2011 was $172.5 million, offset by unamortized debt discount of $39.0 million in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The debt discount is currently being amortized over the remaining 30 months until maturity of the 2014 Notes on June 15, 2014. See Note 15, "Convertible Notes," for additional details.

        As of December 31, 2011, the Company's material contractual obligations are (in thousands):

 
  Total   2012   2013   2014   2015   2016   Thereafter  

Contractual obligations(1)

                                           

Imputed financing obligation(2)

  $ 60,360   $ 5,999   $ 6,828   $ 6,997   $ 7,168   $ 7,348   $ 26,020  

Leases

    9,192     2,933     1,307     1,316     1,286     992     1,358  

Software licenses(3)

    2,787     2,348     359     80              

CRI retention bonus(4)

    50,000     16,667     16,667     16,666              

Convertible notes

    172,500             172,500              

Interest payments related to convertible notes

    21,563     8,625     8,625     4,313              
                               

Total

  $ 316,402   $ 36,572   $ 33,786   $ 201,872   $ 8,454   $ 8,340   $ 27,378  
                               

(1)
The above table does not reflect possible payments in connection with uncertain tax benefits of approximately $16.6 million including $7.0 million recorded as a reduction of long-term deferred tax assets and $9.6 million in long-term income taxes payable, as of December 31, 2011. As noted below in Note 12, "Income Taxes," although it is possible that some of the unrecognized tax benefits could be settled within the next 12 months, the Company cannot reasonably estimate the outcome at this time.

(2)
With respect to the imputed financing obligation, the main components of the difference between the amount reflected in the contractual obligations table and the amount reflected on the Consolidated Balance Sheets are the interest on the imputed financing obligation and the estimated common area expenses over the future periods. Additionally, the amount includes the Amended Ohio Lease and the Amended Sunnyvale Lease.

(3)
The Company has commitments with various software vendors for non-cancellable license agreements generally having terms longer than one year. The above table summarizes those contractual obligations as of December 31, 2011 which are also presented on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet under current and other long-term liabilities.

(4)
The CRI retention bonus payable on June 3, 2013 and 2014 will be paid in cash or stock at the Company's election.

        Rent expense was approximately $2.7 million, $6.8 million and $6.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

        Deferred rent of $0.5 million as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 was included primarily in other long-term liabilities.

  • Indemnifications

        The Company enters into standard license agreements in the ordinary course of business. Although the Company does not indemnify most of its customers, there are times when an indemnification is a necessary means of doing business. Indemnifications cover customers for losses suffered or incurred by them as a result of any patent, copyright, or other intellectual property infringement claim by any third party with respect to the Company's products. The maximum amount of indemnification the Company could be required to make under these agreements is generally limited to fees received by the Company.

        Several securities fraud class actions, private lawsuits and shareholder derivative actions were filed in state and federal courts against certain of the Company's current and former officers and directors related to the stock option granting actions. As permitted under Delaware law, the Company has agreements whereby its officers and directors are indemnified for certain events or occurrences while the officer or director is, or was serving, at the Company's request in such capacity. The term of the indemnification period is for the officer's or director's term in such capacity. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these indemnification agreements is unlimited. The Company has a director and officer insurance policy that reduces the Company's exposure and enables the Company to recover a portion of future amounts to be paid. As a result of these indemnification agreements, the Company continues to make payments on behalf of current and former officers. As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company had made cumulative payments of approximately $31.9 million and $15.7 million, respectively, on their behalf. These payments were recorded under costs of restatement and related legal activities in the consolidated statements of operations. Also, in December 2011, the Company reached a settlement agreement that resolved the matter captioned Stuart J. Steele, et al. v. Rambus Inc., et al., where the Company has agreed to settle the claims against it and the individual defendants for approximately $10.9 million which was recorded under costs (recoveries) of restatement and related legal activities in the consolidated statements of operations. Refer to Note 16, "Litigation and Asserted Claims," for additional details. The Company has received approximately $5.3 million from the former officers related to their settlement agreements with the Company in connection with the derivative and class action lawsuits which was comprised of approximately $4.5 million in cash received in the first quarter of 2009 as well as approximately 163,000 shares of the Company's stock with a value of approximately $0.8 million in the fourth quarter of 2008. Additionally, as of December 31, 2011, the Company has received $12.3 million from insurance settlements related to the defense of the Company, its directors and its officers which were recorded under costs (recoveries) of restatement and related legal activities in the consolidated statements of operations.