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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2014
Income Tax Expense (Benefit), Continuing Operations [Abstract]  
Schedule of income before income tax
Income before taxes consisted of the following:
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2014
 
2013
 
2012
 
(In thousands)
Domestic
$
49,173

 
$
(12,535
)
 
$
(61,036
)
Foreign
1,077

 
518

 
(56,849
)
 
$
50,250

 
$
(12,017
)
 
$
(117,885
)
Components of provision for (benefit from) income taxes
The provision for income taxes is comprised of:
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2014
 
2013
 
2012
 
(In thousands)
Federal:
 
 
 
 
 
Current
$
19,386

 
$
19,319

 
$
15,048

Deferred
2,337

 
2,200

 
587

State:
 
 
 
 
 
Current
713

 
47

 
(2,868
)
Deferred

 
(501
)
 
2,934

Foreign:
 
 
 
 
 
Current
1,640

 
446

 
543

Deferred
(27
)
 
220

 
207

 
$
24,049

 
$
21,731

 
$
16,451

Schedule of effective income tax rate reconciliation
The differences between Rambus’ effective tax rate and the U.S. federal statutory regular tax rate are as follows:
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2014
 
2013
 
2012
Expense (benefit) at U.S. federal statutory rate
35.0
 %
 
(35.0
)%
 
(35.0
)%
Expense (benefit) at state statutory rate
1.0

 
(3.3
)
 
0.1

Withholding tax
38.6

 
160.4

 
13.3

Foreign rate differential
2.5

 
4.1

 
17.4

Research and development (“R&D”) credit
(6.1
)
 
(36.7
)
 

Executive compensation
0.2

 
0.8

 
0.3

Non-deductible stock-based compensation
1.4

 
2.5

 
0.7

Foreign tax credit
(38.7
)
 
(163.3
)
 
(13.3
)
Capitalized merger and acquisition costs

 

 
0.3

Other
0.6

 
(1.0
)
 
(2.2
)
Valuation allowance
13.4

 
252.3

 
32.4

 
47.9
 %
 
180.8
 %
 
14.0
 %
Components of the net deferred tax assets
The components of the net deferred tax assets are as follows:
 
As of December 31,
 
2014
 
2013
 
(In thousands)
Deferred tax assets:
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
$
29,099

 
$
28,093

Other liabilities and reserves
9,916
 
18,578
Deferred equity compensation
29,511
 
33,837
Net operating loss carryovers
12,307
 
27,752
Tax credits
116,658
 
100,052
Total gross deferred tax assets
197,491

 
208,312

Convertible debt
(8,092)
 
(13,000)
Total net deferred tax assets
189,399

 
195,312

Valuation allowance
(193,874
)
 
(192,823
)
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)
$
(4,475
)
 
$
2,489

 
As of December 31,
 
2014
 
2013
 
(In thousands)
Reported as:
 
 
 
Current deferred tax assets
$
187

 
$
205

Current deferred tax liabilities
(1,131
)
 
(791
)
Non-current deferred tax assets
536

 
4,797

Non-current deferred tax liabilities
(4,067
)
 
(1,722
)
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)
$
(4,475
)
 
$
2,489

Summary of valuation allowance
The following table presents the tax valuation allowance information for the years ended December 31, 2014, December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012:
 
Balance at Beginning of Period
 
Charged (Credited) to Operations
 
Charged to Other Account*
 
Utilized
 
Balance at End of Period
Tax Valuation Allowance
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year ended December 31, 2012
$
130,548

 

 
54,269

 

 
$
184,817

Year ended December 31, 2013
$
184,817

 

 
8,006

 

 
$
192,823

Year ended December 31, 2014
$
192,823

 

 
1,051

 

 
$
193,874

______________________________________
*
Amounts not charged to operations are charged to other comprehensive income or deferred tax assets (liabilities).
Schedule of reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized income tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 is as follows (amounts in thousands):
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2014
 
2013
 
2012
Balance at January 1
$
18,794

 
$
16,773

 
$
16,610

Tax positions related to current year:
 
 
 
 
 
Additions
1,134

 
1,156

 
589

Tax positions related to prior years:
 
 
 
 
 
Additions
531

 
956

 
1,521

Reductions
(556
)
 
(91
)
 
(1,947
)
Settlements

 

 

Balance at December 31
$
19,903

 
$
18,794

 
$
16,773