<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001193125-25-123974.txt : 20250521
<SEC-HEADER>0001193125-25-123974.hdr.sgml : 20250521
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20250521160608
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001193125-25-123974
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		14
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20250515
ITEM INFORMATION:		Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year
ITEM INFORMATION:		Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20250521
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20250521

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			ATI INC
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001018963
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	STEEL PIPE & TUBES [3317]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	04 Manufacturing
		EIN:				251792394
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1229

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-12001
		FILM NUMBER:		25973150

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		2021 MCKINNEY AVENUE
		CITY:			DALLAS
		STATE:			TX
		ZIP:			75201
		BUSINESS PHONE:		4123942800

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		2021 MCKINNEY AVENUE
		CITY:			DALLAS
		STATE:			TX
		ZIP:			75201

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	ALLEGHENY TECHNOLOGIES INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19991213

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	ALLEGHENY TELEDYNE INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19960716
</SEC-HEADER>
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<td style="width:4%">&#160;</td>
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<td style="width:4%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid">
<td style="width:4%">&#160;</td>
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<td style="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center"> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">Title of each class</p></td>
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<td style="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">Trading</p> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">Symbol(s)</p></td>
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<td style="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">Name of each exchange</p> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">on which registered</p></td></tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:Security12bTitle" contextRef="duration_2025-05-15_to_2025-05-15" id="ixv-435">Common Stock, par value $0.10 per share</ix:nonNumeric></td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:TradingSymbol" contextRef="duration_2025-05-15_to_2025-05-15" id="ixv-436">ATI</ix:nonNumeric></td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
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<td style="width:11%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left"><span style="font-weight:bold">Item&#8201;5.03</span></td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:left">Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year. </p></td></tr></table> <p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a) On May&#160;15, 2025, the Board of Directors of ATI Inc. (the &#8220;Company&#8221;) adopted an amendment and restatement of the Company&#8217;s bylaws, in order to, among other things, update the Company&#8217;s existing advance notice requirements to reflect the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission&#8217;s adoption of Rule <span style="white-space:nowrap">14a-19</span> under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and to include related technical and conforming changes.&#160;The foregoing does not purport to be a complete summary and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Company&#8217;s Fifth Amended and Restated Bylaws, as adopted on May&#160;15, 2025, a copy of which is filed as Exhibit 3.1 to this Current Report on Form <span style="white-space:nowrap">8-K</span> and incorporated herein by reference. </p> <p style="font-size:18pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
<table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid">
<td style="width:11%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left"><span style="font-weight:bold">Item&#8201;5.07</span></td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:left">Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders. </p></td></tr></table> <p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Company held its 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the &#8220;Annual Meeting&#8221;) on May&#160;16, 2025. As disclosed in the Company&#8217;s proxy materials for the Annual Meeting, the following proposals were considered and voted upon at the Annual Meeting: (1)&#160;the election of three directors for three-year terms expiring in 2028; (2) an advisory vote regarding the compensation paid to the Company&#8217;s named executive officers in 2024; and (3)&#160;ratification of the appointment of Ernst&#160;&amp; Young LLP as independent auditors for the Company&#8217;s 2025 fiscal year. Voting results for each such matter are provided below. </p> <p style="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
<table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid">
<td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left">1.</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left">Election of three Directors: </p></td></tr></table> <p style="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;width:84%;border-spacing:0;margin:0 auto">


<tr>

<td style="width:28%"/>

<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:14%"/>
<td/>
<td/>
<td/>

<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:14%"/>
<td/>
<td/>
<td/>

<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:14%"/>
<td/>
<td/>
<td/></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:8pt">
<td style="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom;white-space:nowrap"> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold">NAME</p></td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><span style="font-weight:bold">FOR</span></td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><span style="font-weight:bold">WITHHELD</span></td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><span style="font-weight:bold">BROKER</span><br/><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="white-space:nowrap">NON-VOTES</span></span></td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td></tr>


<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<td style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Leroy M. Ball</p></td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;&#160;</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:right">122,416,646</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;&#160;</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:right">3,205,107</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;&#160;</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:right">6,614,216</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<td style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Carolyn Corvi</p></td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;&#160;</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:right">108,863,852</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;&#160;</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:right">16,757,901</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;&#160;</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:right">6,614,216</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<td style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Robert S. Wetherbee</p></td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;&#160;</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:right">122,020,715</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;&#160;</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:right">3,601,038</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;&#160;</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:right">6,614,216</td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td></tr>
</table> <p style="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
<table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid">
<td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left">2.</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left">Advisory vote regarding the 2024 compensation of the Company&#8217;s named executive officers: </p></td></tr></table> <p style="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:8pt;width:84%;border-spacing:0;margin:0 auto">


<tr>

<td style="width:24%"/>

<td style="vertical-align:bottom"/>
<td style="width:24%"/>

<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:1%"/>
<td style="width:25%"/>

<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:1%"/>
<td style="width:24%"/></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:8pt">
<td style="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center"> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">FOR</p></td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">AGAINST</p></td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">ABSTAIN</p></td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">BROKER</p> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center"><span style="white-space:nowrap">NON-VOTES</span></p></td></tr>


<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center">124,121,937</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center">1,386,178</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center">113,637</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center">6,614,216</td></tr>
</table> <p style="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
<table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid">
<td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left">3.</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left">Ratification of the selection of Ernst&#160;&amp; Young LLP as the Company&#8217;s independent auditors for 2025: </p></td></tr></table> <p style="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:8pt;width:76%;border-spacing:0;margin:0 auto">


<tr>

<td style="width:34%"/>

<td style="vertical-align:bottom"/>
<td style="width:32%"/>

<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:1%"/>
<td style="width:32%"/></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:8pt">
<td style="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center"> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">FOR</p></td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">AGAINST</p></td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">ABSTAIN</p></td></tr>


<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center">129,495,559</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center">2,670,442</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center">69,967</td></tr>
</table> <p style="font-size:18pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
<table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid">
<td style="width:11%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left"><span style="font-weight:bold">Item&#8201;9.01</span></td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:left">Exhibits. </p></td></tr></table> <p style="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
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<tr>

<td/>

<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:2%"/>
<td style="width:9%"/>

<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:1%"/>
<td style="width:86%"/></tr>


<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<td style="vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap">(d)</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top">Exhibit&#160;3.1</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom"><a href="d947847dex31.htm">Fifth Amended and Restated Bylaws </a></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size:1pt">
<td style="height:6pt"/>
<td style="height:6pt" colspan="2"/>
<td style="height:6pt" colspan="2"/></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<td style="vertical-align:top"/>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top">Exhibit&#160;104</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)</td></tr>
</table>
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<div style="text-align:center"><div style="width:8.5in;text-align:left;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto">
 <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold"><span style="text-decoration:underline">SIGNATURE </span></p> <p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized. </p> <p style="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p><div>
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<td style="vertical-align:top" colspan="3">ATI Inc.</td></tr>
<tr style="font-size:1pt">
<td style="height:12pt"/>
<td style="height:12pt" colspan="2"/></tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:top">By:</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom"> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ Vaishali S. Bhatia</p></td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom"/>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">Vaishali S. Bhatia</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom"/>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Chief Compliance Officer</td></tr>
</table></div> <p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Dated: May&#160;21, 2025 </p>
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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right"><B>Exhibit 3.1 </B></P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><center><DIV STYLE="line-height:6.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;width:53%">&nbsp;</DIV></center>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt" ALIGN="center">


<IMG SRC="g947847g0519231924360.jpg" ALT="LOGO">
 </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:16pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ATI INC. </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">FIFTH AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">Dated as of May&nbsp;16, 2025 </P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><center><DIV STYLE="line-height:6.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;width:53%">&nbsp;</DIV></center>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">TABLE OF CONTENTS </P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" ALIGN="center">


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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">ARTICLE I OFFICES</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">1</TD>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1. Registered Office</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">1</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
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<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2. Offices</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">1</TD>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">ARTICLE II MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">1</TD>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1. Place of Meetings</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">1</TD>
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<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2. Annual Meeting</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">1</TD>
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<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3. Special Meetings</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">4</TD>
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<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4. Notice of Meetings; Waiver</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">4</TD>
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<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;5. Quorum; Adjournment</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">5</TD>
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<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;6. Proxies and Voting.</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">5</TD>
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<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;7. Stock List</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">6</TD>
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<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">ARTICLE III BOARD OF DIRECTORS</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">6</TD>
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<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1. Duties and Powers</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">6</TD>
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<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2. Number and Term of Office</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">6</TD>
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<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3. Vacancies</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">7</TD>
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<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4. Meetings</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">8</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;5. Quorum; Adjournment</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">8</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;6. Actions of Board Without a Meeting</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">8</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;7. Meetings by Means of Remote Communications</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">8</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;8. Committees</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">8</TD>
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<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;9. Compensation</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">9</TD>
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<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;10. Removal</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">9</TD>
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<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;11. Nomination of Directors</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">9</TD>
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<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;12. Effect of Withheld Votes in Uncontested Elections for Director</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">21</TD>
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 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">i </P>

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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">ARTICLE IV OFFICERS</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">22</TD>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1. General</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">22</TD>
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<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2. Election; Term of Office</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">22</TD>
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<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3. Chairman of the Board</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">22</TD>
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<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4. Chief Executive Officer</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">22</TD>
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<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;5. President</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">22</TD>
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<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;6. Vice President</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">23</TD>
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<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;7. Secretary</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">23</TD>
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<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;8. Assistant Secretaries</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">23</TD>
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<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;9. Treasurer</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">23</TD>
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<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;10. Assistant Treasurers</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">23</TD>
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<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;11. Other Officers</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">24</TD>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">ARTICLE V STOCK</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">24</TD>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1. Form of Certificates; Uncertificated Shares</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">24</TD>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2. Signatures</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">24</TD>
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<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3. Lost Certificates</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">24</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
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<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4. Transfers</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">24</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
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<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;5. Record Date</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">25</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;6. Beneficial Owners</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">25</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;7. Voting Securities Owned by the Corporation</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">25</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">ARTICLE VI NOTICES</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">25</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1. Notices</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">25</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2. Waiver of Notice</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">26</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE>
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<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" ALIGN="center">


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<TD></TD>
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<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">ARTICLE VII GENERAL PROVISIONS</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">26</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
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<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1. Dividends</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">26</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
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<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2. Disbursements</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">26</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3. Corporation Seal</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">26</TD>
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<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">ARTICLE VIII AMENDMENTS</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">27</TD>
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<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">ARTICLE IX CONSTRUCTION</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">27</TD>
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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>FIFTH AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>OF </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ATI INC. </B></P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><center><DIV STYLE="line-height:6.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;width:21%">&nbsp;</DIV></center>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">(hereinafter called the &#147;Corporation&#148;) </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ARTICLE I </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>OFFICES
</B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;1. </B><B><U>Registered Office</U></B>. The registered office of the Corporation shall be in the City of Wilmington,
County of New Castle, State of Delaware. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;2.</B> <B><U>Offices</U></B><B>.</B> The Corporation may have offices at such
places both within and without the State of Delaware as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ARTICLE II </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;1. </B><B><U>Place of Meetings</U></B>. Each meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation for the election of directors or for
any other purpose shall be held at such place, either within or without the State of Delaware (including by means of remote communication), as shall be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors or the officer of the Corporation calling
the meeting as authorized by the Corporation&#146;s Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as it may be amended, restated and/or supplemented from time to time (the &#147;Certificate of Incorporation&#148;), and stated in the notice of the meeting
or in a duly executed waiver of notice thereof. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;2. </B><B><U>Annual Meeting</U></B>. Each annual meeting of the
Corporation&#146;s stockholders (each an &#147;Annual Meeting&#148;) shall be held on such date and at such time as shall be designated by the Board of Directors and stated in the notice of such Annual Meeting, and at each such Annual Meeting the
stockholders shall elect by a plurality vote one or more directors in accordance with the Certificate of Incorporation and transact such other business as may properly be brought before such Annual Meeting. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">At an Annual Meeting, only such business (other than nominations of directors, which must be made in compliance with, and shall be exclusively
governed by, Section&nbsp;11 of Article III of these Bylaws) shall be conducted as shall have been properly brought before the Annual Meeting (i)&nbsp;pursuant to the Corporation&#146;s notice of the Annual Meeting, (ii)&nbsp;by or at the direction
of the Board of Directors or (iii)&nbsp;by any stockholder of the Corporation who (A)&nbsp;is a stockholder of record at the time of giving the notice provided for in this Section&nbsp;2 and at the time of the Annual Meeting, (B)&nbsp;is entitled to
vote at the Annual Meeting and (C)&nbsp;has complied with the notice and other procedures set forth in this Section&nbsp;2.&nbsp;Clause (iii)&nbsp;in the immediately preceding sentence shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to submit such
business (other than matters properly brought under Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-8</FONT> under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &#147;Exchange Act&#148;), and included in the Corporation&#146;s notice of such Annual
Meeting) before an Annual Meeting. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">For any such business to be properly brought before an Annual Meeting by a stockholder
pursuant to this Section&nbsp;2, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary, and such matter must be a proper matter for stockholder action under applicable law.&nbsp;To be timely, a stockholder&#146;s notice
must be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive office of the Corporation not less than seventy-five (75)&nbsp;days nor more than ninety (90)&nbsp;days prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year&#146;s Annual Meeting;
provided, however, that in the event that the date of the Annual Meeting is advanced by more than thirty (30)&nbsp;days or delayed by more than sixty (60)&nbsp;days from such anniversary date, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so
delivered not earlier than the ninetieth (90<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">th</SUP>) day prior to such Annual Meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the sixtieth (60<SUP
STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">th</SUP>) day prior to such Annual Meeting or the tenth (10<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">th</SUP>) day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such Annual Meeting is
first made.&nbsp;In no event shall any adjournment or postponement of an Annual Meeting or the announcement thereof commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a stockholder&#146;s notice as described above. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Such stockholder&#146;s notice shall set forth and include the following information and/or documents, as applicable, as to each matter the
stockholder proposes to bring before an Annual Meeting (i)&nbsp;a brief description of the business to be brought before such Annual Meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at such Annual Meeting, and the text of the proposal or
business (including the text of any resolutions proposed for consideration and, in the event that such business includes a proposal to amend these Bylaws or the Certificate of Incorporation, the text of the proposed amendment); (ii) as to the
stockholder giving the notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made, (A)&nbsp;the name and address, as they appear on the Corporation&#146;s books, of such stockholder and of such beneficial owner, (B)&nbsp;the class
or series and number of shares of the Corporation&#146;s capital stock which are, directly or indirectly, owned beneficially and of record by such stockholder and such beneficial owner, (C)&nbsp;any option, warrant, convertible security, stock
appreciation right, or similar right with an exercise or conversion privilege or a settlement payment or mechanism related to any class or series of shares of the Corporation&#146;s capital stock or with a value derived in whole or in part from the
value of any class or series of shares of the capital stock of the Corporation, whether or not such instrument or right shall be subject to settlement in the underlying class or series of capital stock of the Corporation or otherwise (each a
&#147;Derivative Instrument&#148;) directly or indirectly owned beneficially by such stockholder or beneficial owner and any other direct or indirect opportunity to profit or share in any profit derived from any increase or decrease in the value of
shares of capital stock of the Corporation, (D)&nbsp;any proxy, contract, arrangement, understanding, or relationship pursuant to which such stockholder or beneficial owner has a right to vote any shares of capital stock of the Corporation,
(E)&nbsp;any short interest of such stockholder or beneficial owner in any security of the Corporation (for purposes of this Section&nbsp;2, a person shall be deemed to have a short interest in a security if such person directly or indirectly,
through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise, has the opportunity to profit or share in any profit derived from any decrease in the value of the subject security), (F) any rights to dividends on any shares of the
capital stock of the Corporation owned beneficially by such stockholder or beneficial owner that are separated or separable from the underlying shares of the </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">2 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">capital stock of the Corporation, (G)&nbsp;any proportionate interest in shares of the capital stock of the
Corporation or Derivative Instruments held, directly or indirectly, by a general or limited partnership in which such stockholder or beneficial owner is a general partner or, directly or indirectly, beneficially owns an interest in a general partner
of such general or limited partnership, (H)&nbsp;any performance-related fees (other than an asset-based fee) to which such stockholder or beneficial owner is entitled based on any increase or decrease in the value of shares of the capital stock of
the Corporation or Derivative Instruments, if any, as of the date of such notice, including, without limitation, any such interests held by members of such stockholder&#146;s or beneficial owner&#146;s immediate family sharing the same household,
and (I)&nbsp;any other information relating to such stockholder and beneficial owner that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for, as applicable, the
proposal and/or for the election of directors in a contested election pursuant to Section&nbsp;14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder; (iii)&nbsp;any material interest of the stockholder, and of the beneficial
owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made, in such business; (iv)&nbsp;a description of all agreements, arrangements and understandings between such stockholder and beneficial owner, if any, and any other person or persons (including their
names) in connection with the proposal of such business by the stockholder; (v)&nbsp;a representation that the stockholder is a holder of record of capital stock of the Corporation, entitled to vote at such Annual Meeting, and intends to appear in
person or by proxy at such Annual Meeting to propose such business and an acknowledgement that if such stockholder does not appear to present such business at the meeting, the Corporation need not present such business for a vote at such meeting
notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the Corporation; and (vi)&nbsp;a representation as to whether the stockholder or the beneficial owner, if any, intends, or is or intends to be part of a group (within the
meaning ascribed to that term under Section&nbsp;13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act) that intends, (A)&nbsp;to deliver a proxy statement and/or form of proxy to holders of at least the percentage of the Corporation&#146;s outstanding capital stock
required to approve or adopt the proposal and/or (B)&nbsp;otherwise to solicit proxies from stockholders in support of such proposal. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">In
addition, to be considered timely, a stockholder&#146;s notice pursuant to this Section&nbsp;2 shall further be updated and supplemented, if necessary, so that the information provided or required to be provided in such notice shall be true and
correct as of the record date for the Annual Meeting and as of the date that is ten (10)&nbsp;business days prior to the Annual Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof, and such update and supplement shall be delivered to the Secretary of
the Corporation, not later than five (5)&nbsp;business days after the record date for the Annual Meeting in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of the record date, and not later than eight (8)&nbsp;business days prior to the
date for the Annual Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of ten (10)&nbsp;business days prior to the Annual Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof.&nbsp;For
the avoidance of doubt, the obligation to update and supplement as set forth in this paragraph or any other Section or Article of these Bylaws shall not limit the Corporation&#146;s rights with respect to any deficiencies in any notice provided by a
stockholder of the Corporation pursuant to this Section&nbsp;2, extend any applicable deadlines hereunder or under any other provision of these Bylaws or enable or be deemed to permit a stockholder of the Corporation who has previously submitted
notice hereunder or under any other provision of these Bylaws to amend or update any proposal or to submit any new proposal, including by changing or adding nominees, matters, business and/or resolutions proposed to be brought before an Annual
Meeting. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">3 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Notwithstanding anything in these Bylaws to the contrary, no business shall be conducted at
an Annual Meeting except in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section&nbsp;2 (other than nominations of directors, which must be made in compliance with, and shall be exclusively governed by, Section&nbsp;11 of Article III of these
Bylaws).&nbsp;The Chairman of the Board may, if the facts warrant, determine that any such business was not properly brought before the Annual Meeting in accordance with the provisions of this Section&nbsp;2; and if the Chairman of the Board should
so determine, the Chairman of the Board shall so declare to the Annual Meeting, and any such business not properly brought before the Annual Meeting shall not be transacted.&nbsp;Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section&nbsp;2, a
stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Section&nbsp;2; provided, however, that any references in these Bylaws to the
Exchange Act or the rules promulgated thereunder are not intended to and shall not limit the applicable requirements pursuant to this Section&nbsp;2.&nbsp;Nothing in this Section&nbsp;2 shall be deemed to affect any rights of stockholders to request
inclusion of proposals in the Corporation&#146;s proxy statement pursuant to Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-8</FONT> under the Exchange Act.&nbsp;The provisions of this Section&nbsp;2 shall also govern what constitutes timely notice for
purposes of Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-4(c)</FONT> of the Exchange Act. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;3. </B><B><U>Special
Meetings</U></B>. Each special meeting of stockholders shall be held on such date and at such time as shall be designated by the Board of Directors or the officer of the Corporation calling the meeting, as the case may be, as authorized by the
Certificate of Incorporation and stated in the notice of such meeting.&nbsp;Special meetings of stockholders, other than those required by statute, may be called only as provided, and for the purposes specified, in the Certificate of
Incorporation.&nbsp;Business transacted at a special meeting of stockholders shall be confined to the matters stated in the notice of such meeting. Where nominations by stockholders of persons for election to the Board of Directors are made at a
special meeting of stockholders, the number of nominees a stockholder may nominate for election at a special meeting (or, in the case of a stockholder giving notice on behalf of a beneficial owner, the number of nominees a stockholder may nominate
for election at the special meeting on behalf of such beneficial owner) shall not exceed the number of directors to be elected at such special meeting. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;4. </B><B><U>Notice of Meetings; Waiver</U></B>. Written notice of the place (or if held by remote communications, the means of
remote communications by which stockholders and proxyholders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such meeting), date, and time of all meetings of stockholders shall be given not less than ten (10)&nbsp;nor more than sixty
(60)&nbsp;days before the date on which the meeting is to be held, to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting, except as otherwise provided herein or as required from time to time by applicable law or the Certificate of
Incorporation.&nbsp;The notice of a special meeting shall also state the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">No notice
of any meeting of stockholders need be given to any stockholder who properly waives notice, whether before or after the meeting and whether in writing or by electronic transmission or otherwise.&nbsp;Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the
purpose of, any meeting need be specified in a waiver of notice.&nbsp;The attendance, whether in person or by proxy, of any stockholder at a meeting of stockholders shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except if the stockholder
attends such meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of such meeting, to the transaction of any business on the ground that such meeting is not lawfully called or convened. </P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;5. </B><B><U>Quorum; Adjournment</U></B>. At any meeting of stockholders, the
holders of a majority of all of the shares of the Corporation&#146;s capital stock entitled to vote at the meeting, present in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum for all purposes, unless or except to the extent that the presence of a
larger number may be required by applicable law or the Certificate of Incorporation.&nbsp;If a quorum shall fail to attend any meeting, the chairman of the meeting or the holders of a majority of the shares of the Corporation&#146;s capital stock
entitled to vote thereat who are present, in person or by proxy, may adjourn the meeting to another place, date, or time without notice other than by announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present or represented.&nbsp;The stockholders
present at any duly organized meeting of stockholders may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of sufficient stockholders to otherwise render the remaining stockholders less than a quorum. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">When a meeting is adjourned to another place, date or time, written notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the place, date and
time thereof are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken; provided, however, that if the date of any adjourned meeting is more than thirty (30)&nbsp;days after the date for which the meeting was originally noticed, or if a new
record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, written notice of the place, date, and time of the adjourned meeting shall be given in conformity herewith.&nbsp;At any adjourned meeting, any business may be transacted which might have been
transacted at the original meeting. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;6. </B><B><U>Proxies and Voting</U></B>. At any meeting of the stockholders, every
stockholder entitled to vote may vote in person or by proxy authorized by an instrument in writing or in any other manner as may be permitted under applicable law and filed with the Corporation in accordance with the procedure established for the
meeting. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Each stockholder shall have one vote for every share of capital stock entitled to vote and registered in his name on the record
date for a meeting of stockholders, except as otherwise provided herein or required by applicable law or the Certificate of Incorporation. In the event the Corporation receives proxies that direct votes in favor of disqualified or withdrawn nominees
for the Board of Directors, such votes for such disqualified or withdrawn nominees in such proxies will be treated as abstentions. To the extent any stockholder uses its own proxy card in connection with directly or indirectly soliciting proxies
from other stockholders, such proxy card must use a proxy card color other than white, which shall be reserved for the exclusive use by the Board of Directors. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">All voting, including on the election of directors but excepting where otherwise provided herein or required by applicable law or the
Certificate of Incorporation, may be by a voice vote; provided, however, that at the discretion of the chairperson of the meeting, a stock vote shall be taken.&nbsp;Every stock vote shall be taken by ballots, each of which shall state the name of
the stockholder or proxy voting and such other information as may be required under the procedure established for the meeting.&nbsp;Every vote taken by ballots shall be counted by an inspector or inspectors appointed by the Board of Directors or the
chairperson of the meeting. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Except as provided in Section&nbsp;3 of Article III of these Bylaws, all elections of
directors shall be determined by a plurality of the votes cast, and except as otherwise required by applicable law or the Certificate of Incorporation, all other matters shall be determined by a majority of the votes cast. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;7. </B><B><U>Stock List</U></B>. A complete list of stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders, arranged in
alphabetical order for each class of stock and showing the address of each such stockholder (provided that the Corporation shall not be required to include electronic mail addresses or other electronic contact information for stockholders on such
list) and the number of shares registered in such stockholder&#146;s name, shall be open to the examination of any such stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, for a period of at least ten (10)&nbsp;days ending on the day before the
meeting date, either (i)&nbsp;on a reasonably accessible electronic network, provided that the information required to gain access to such list is provided with the notice of the meeting, or (ii)&nbsp;during ordinary business hours at the principal
executive office of the Corporation. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ARTICLE III </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>BOARD OF DIRECTORS </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;1. </B><B><U>Duties and Powers</U></B>. The business of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board
of Directors, which may exercise all such powers of the Corporation and do all such lawful acts and things as are not by applicable law or the Certificate of Incorporation or by these Bylaws directed or required to be exercised or done by the
stockholders of the Corporation. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;2. </B><B><U>Number and Term of Office</U></B>. The Board of Directors shall consist of
one or more members.&nbsp;The number of directors shall be fixed and may be changed from time to time by resolution duly adopted by a majority of the directors then in office, except as otherwise provided by applicable law or the Certificate of
Incorporation.&nbsp;Any director may resign at any time upon written notice to the Corporation.&nbsp;Directors need not be stockholders. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The directors, other than those who may be elected by the holders of any class or series of stock having a preference over the
Corporation&#146;s common stock as to dividends or upon liquidation, shall be classified, with respect to the time for which they severally hold office, into three classes: Class&nbsp;I, Class&nbsp;II and Class&nbsp;III.&nbsp;Each class shall
consist, as nearly as may be possible, of <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">one-third</FONT> of the whole number of the Board of Directors.&nbsp;At each Annual Meeting, the directors elected to succeed those of the class with a term expiring at such
Annual Meeting shall be identified as being of the same class as the directors they succeed and shall be elected to hold office for a term to expire at the third Annual Meeting after their election, or until their earlier resignation or removal, and
until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified.&nbsp;The matters set forth in this paragraph are also contained in Article TEN, Section (A)&nbsp;of the Certificate of Incorporation and, accordingly, may be altered, amended or
repealed only to the extent such Article TEN, Section (A)&nbsp;of the Certificate of Incorporation is altered, amended or repealed. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">6 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;3. </B><B><U>Vacancies</U></B>. Except as otherwise fixed pursuant to the
provisions of Article FOUR of the Corporation&#146;s Certificate of Incorporation relating to the rights of the holders of any class or series of stock having a preference over the Corporation&#146;s common stock as to dividends or upon liquidation
to elect directors: </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a) In case of any increase in the number of directors, the additional director or directors, and in case of any
vacancy in the Board of Directors due to death, resignation, removal, disqualification or any other reason, the successors to fill the vacancies, shall be elected by a majority of the directors then in office, even though less than a quorum, or by a
sole remaining director, and the director or directors so chosen shall hold office until the next meeting of stockholders duly called for that purpose and until their successors are duly elected and qualified, or until their earlier resignation or
removal. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b) Directors appointed in the manner provided in paragraph (a)&nbsp;above to newly created directorships resulting from any
increase in the authorized number of directors or any vacancies on the Board of Directors resulting from death, resignation, removal, disqualification or any other cause shall hold office for a term expiring at the next Annual Meeting at which the
term of the class to which they have been elected expires. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c) No decrease in the number of directors constituting the Board of Directors
shall shorten the term of any incumbent director. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">This Section&nbsp;3 is also contained in Article TEN, Section (B)&nbsp;of the
Corporation&#146;s Certificate of Incorporation, and, accordingly, may be altered, amended or repealed only to the extent such Article TEN, Section (B)&nbsp;of the Corporation&#146;s Certificate of Incorporation is altered, amended or repealed. </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;4. </B><B><U>Meetings</U></B>. The Board of Directors may hold meetings, both
regular and special, either within or without the State of Delaware. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held without notice at such times and at such places as may from time to time be determined by the Board of
Directors.&nbsp;Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by the Chairman of the Board, the President or a majority of the directors then in office.&nbsp;Notice of any such meeting stating the place (or if held by remote
communications, the means of remote communications by which directors may be deemed to be present in person and vote and participate at such meeting), date and hour of the meeting shall be given to each director either by mail not less than
forty-eight (48)&nbsp;hours before the date of the meeting, by electronic mail or other electronic transmission, telephone, telegram, facsimile transmission or personal delivery on twenty-four (24)&nbsp;hours&#146; notice, or on such shorter notice
as the person or persons calling such meeting may deem necessary or appropriate under the circumstances.&nbsp;Such meetings may be held at any time without notice if all directors are present or if all directors not present waive such notice in
accordance with Section&nbsp;2 of Article VI of these Bylaws. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;5. </B><B><U>Quorum; Adjournment</U></B>. Except as may be
otherwise specifically provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, at all meetings of the Board of Directors, a majority of the directors then in office shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and the act of
a majority of the directors present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the Board of Directors.&nbsp;A majority of the directors present at a meeting, whether or not a quorum is present, may adjourn the meeting to another
place or time.&nbsp;No notice need be given of any adjourned meeting unless the place and time of the adjourned meeting are not announced at the time of adjournment, in which case notice conforming to the requirements of Section&nbsp;4 of this
Article III of these Bylaws shall be given to each Director. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;6. </B><B><U>Actions of Board Without a Meeting</U></B>.
Unless otherwise provided by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting if all
members of the Board of Directors or such committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission, and all such writings or (to the extent possible) electronic transmissions are filed with the minutes of proceedings
of the Board of Directors or committee, as the case may be. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;7. </B><B><U>Meetings by Means of Remote
Communications</U></B>. Unless otherwise provided by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, members of the Board of Directors of the Corporation, or any committee designated by the Board of Directors, may participate in a
meeting of the Board of Directors or such committee, as the case may be, by means of a conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation in a
meeting pursuant to this Section&nbsp;7 shall constitute presence in person at such meeting. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;8.
</B><B><U>Committees</U></B>. The Board of Directors may, by resolution passed by a majority of the directors then in office, designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation.&nbsp;The
Board of Directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of any such committee, subject to applicable law.&nbsp;In the absence or disqualification
of a member of a committee, and in the absence of a designation by the Board of </P>
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Directors of an alternate member to replace the absent or disqualified member, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not such members
constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member, subject to applicable law.&nbsp;Any committee, to the extent allowed by applicable
law and provided in the Bylaw or resolution establishing such committee, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation, and may authorize the seal
of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it.&nbsp;Each committee shall keep regular minutes and report to the Board of Directors when required. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;9. </B><B><U>Compensation</U></B>. Unless otherwise restricted by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these
Bylaws, the Board of Directors shall have the authority to fix the compensation of directors.&nbsp;The directors may be paid their expenses, if any, of attendance at each meeting of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof and may be paid a
fixed sum for attendance at each meeting of the Board of Directors or a stated salary as director.&nbsp;No such payment shall preclude any director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor.&nbsp;Members
of special or standing committees may be allowed like compensation for attending committee meetings. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;10.
</B><B><U>Removal</U></B>. Any director or directors may be removed from office only as provided in the Certificate of Incorporation. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;11. </B><B><U>Nomination of Directors</U></B>. (a)&nbsp;Only persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures set
forth in this Section&nbsp;11 shall be eligible for election as directors.&nbsp;In addition to the right of the Board of Directors to make nominations for the election of directors, nominations for the election of directors may be made by any person
who is (i)&nbsp;a stockholder of record at each of (A)&nbsp;the time of giving of the Nomination Notice or Proxy Inclusion Notice, in either case as provided for in this Section&nbsp;11, and (B)&nbsp;the time of the applicable Annual Meeting, and
(ii)&nbsp;entitled to vote for the election of directors at the applicable Annual Meeting and fully complies with all applicable notice and other procedures set forth in this Section&nbsp;11. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b)&nbsp;To be eligible to be a nominee for election or reelection as a director, any prospective nominee (whether nominated by or at the
direction of the Board of Directors or by a stockholder), or someone acting on such prospective nominee&#146;s behalf, must deliver (in accordance with any applicable time periods prescribed in this Section&nbsp;11) to the Secretary at the principal
executive office of the Corporation a completed and signed written questionnaire with respect to the background and qualification of such person and the background of any other person or entity on whose behalf the nomination is being made (which
questionnaire shall be provided by the Secretary upon written request).&nbsp;Upon request by the Corporation, the prospective nominee must also provide a signed, written representation and agreement, in the form provided by the Secretary, that such
prospective nominee:&nbsp;(A) is not and will not become a party to (i)&nbsp;any agreement, arrangement or understanding with, and has not given any commitment or assurance to, any person or entity as to how such prospective nominee, if elected as a
director of the Corporation, will act or vote on any issue or question (a &#147;Voting Commitment&#148;) that has not been disclosed to the Corporation or (2)&nbsp;any Voting Commitment that could limit or interfere with such prospective
nominee&#146;s ability to comply, if elected as a </P>
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director of the Corporation, with such prospective nominee&#146;s fiduciary duties under applicable laws; (B)&nbsp;is not and will not become a party to any agreement, arrangement or
understanding with any person or entity other than the Corporation with respect to any direct or indirect compensation, reimbursement or indemnification in connection with service or action as a director that has not been disclosed therein; and
(C)&nbsp;would be in compliance, if elected as a director of the Corporation, and will comply with all applicable corporate governance, conflict of interest, confidentiality and stock ownership and trading policies and guidelines of the
Corporation.&nbsp;For purposes of this Section&nbsp;11, a &#147;nominee&#148; shall include any person being considered to fill a vacancy on the Board of Directors. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c)&nbsp;For any proposed director nomination by a stockholder (other than a nomination pursuant to Section&nbsp;11(d) of this
Article&nbsp;III, in which case the applicable notice provisions are as set forth in Section&nbsp;11(h) of this Article III), the nominating stockholder must have given timely notice thereof (each a &#147;Nomination Notice&#148;) in writing to the
Secretary at the principal executive office of the Corporation.&nbsp;To be timely, a Nomination Notice must be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive office of the Corporation not less than seventy-five (75)&nbsp;days nor more than
ninety (90)&nbsp;days prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year&#146;s Annual Meeting; provided, however, that in the event that the date of the Annual Meeting is advanced by more than thirty (30)&nbsp;days or delayed by more than sixty
(60)&nbsp;days from such anniversary date, in order to be timely, a Nomination Notice must be so delivered no earlier than then ninetieth (90th) day prior to such Annual Meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the sixtieth
(60th) day prior to such Annual Meeting or the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such Annual Meeting is first made.&nbsp;In no event shall any adjournment or postponement of an Annual Meeting or the
announcement thereof commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a Nomination Notice as described above. Except as provided by Section&nbsp;11(f) of this Article III for nominations pursuant to Section&nbsp;11(d) of this
Article III, the number of nominees a stockholder may nominate for election at an annual meeting (or in the case of a stockholder giving the notice on behalf of a beneficial owner, the number of nominees a stockholder may nominate for election at
the annual meeting on behalf of such beneficial owner) shall not exceed the number of directors to be elected at such annual meeting. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Such Nomination Notice shall set forth and include the following information and/or documents, as applicable: (i)&nbsp;as to each person whom
the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection as a director, (A)&nbsp;all information relating to such person that would be required to be disclosed in connection with solicitations of proxies for election of directors pursuant to
Section&nbsp;14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (including such person&#146;s written consent to being named in any proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a director if elected), and (B)&nbsp;a
description of all direct and indirect compensation and other material monetary agreements, arrangements and understandings during the past three years, and any other material relationships, between or among such stockholder and beneficial owner, if
any, on whose behalf the nomination is being made, and any Stockholder Associated Persons (as defined below), on the one hand, and each proposed nominee, and his or her respective affiliates and associates, or others acting in concert therewith, on
the other hand, including, without limitation, all information that would be required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 404 promulgated under Regulation <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">S-K</FONT> if the stockholder making the nomination and any
beneficial owner on whose behalf the nomination is made, if any, or any </P>
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affiliate or associate thereof or person acting in concert therewith, were the &#147;registrant&#148; for purposes of such rule and the nominee were a director or executive officer of such
registrant; (ii)&nbsp;as to the stockholder giving the notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination is made, (A)&nbsp;the name and address, as they appear on the Corporation&#146;s books, of (1)&nbsp;each such stockholder
and beneficial owner, (2)&nbsp;any holder of record of the stockholder&#146;s shares as they appear on the Corporation&#146;s books and (3)&nbsp;each of their respective affiliates or associates or others acting in concert therewith (each person
referred to in the foregoing clauses (2)&nbsp;and (3) a &#147;Stockholder Associated Person&#148;), (B) the class or series and number of shares of the Corporation&#146;s capital stock which are, directly or indirectly, owned beneficially and of
record by each such stockholder and beneficial owner and each Stockholder Associated Person, (C)&nbsp;any Derivative Instrument directly or indirectly owned beneficially by any such stockholder or beneficial owner or any Stockholder Associated
Person and any other direct or indirect opportunity to profit or share in any profit derived from any increase or decrease in the value of shares of the capital stock of the Corporation, (D)&nbsp;any proxy, contract, arrangement, understanding, or
relationship pursuant to which any such stockholder or beneficial owner or any Stockholder Associated Person has a right to vote any security of the Corporation, (E)&nbsp;any short interest of any such stockholder or beneficial owner or any
Stockholder Associated Person in any security of the Corporation (for purposes of this Section&nbsp;11, a person shall be deemed to have a short interest in a security if such person directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement,
understanding, relationship or otherwise, has the opportunity to profit or share in any profit derived from any decrease in the value of the subject security), (F) any rights to dividends on any shares of the capital stock of the Corporation owned
beneficially by any such stockholder or beneficial owner or any Stockholder Associated Person that are separated or separable from the underlying shares of capital stock of the Corporation, (G)&nbsp;any proportionate interest in shares of capital
stock of the Corporation or Derivative Instruments held, directly or indirectly, by a general or limited partnership in which any such stockholder or beneficial owner or any Stockholder Associated Person is a general partner or, directly or
indirectly, beneficially owns an interest in a general partner of such general or limited partnership, (H)&nbsp;any performance-related fees (other than an asset-based fee) to which any such stockholder or beneficial owner or any Stockholder
Associated Person is entitled based on any increase or decrease in the value of shares of the capital stock of the Corporation or Derivative Instruments, if any, as of the date of such notice, including, without limitation, any such interests held
by members of immediate family sharing the same household of such stockholder or beneficial owner or Stockholder Associated Person, (I)&nbsp;all information that would be required to be set forth in a Schedule 13D filed pursuant to Rule <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">13d-1(a)</FONT> or an amendment pursuant to Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">13d-2(a)</FONT> if such a statement were required to be filed under the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder by
any such stockholder or beneficial owner or any Stockholder Associated Person, and (J)&nbsp;any other information relating to each such stockholder and beneficial owner and each Stockholder Associated Person that would be required to be disclosed in
a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for, as applicable, the proposal and/or for the election of directors in a contested election pursuant to Section&nbsp;14 of the Exchange Act and the
rules and regulations promulgated thereunder; (iii)&nbsp;a representation that the stockholder is a holder of record of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote at such Annual Meeting and intends to appear in person or by proxy at such
Annual Meeting to propose such nomination and an acknowledgement that if such stockholder does not appear to present such nomination at the meeting, the Corporation need not present such nomination for a vote at </P>
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such meeting notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the Corporation; and (iv)&nbsp;a representation that the stockholder giving notice and/or the
beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf such nomination is made that intends to, or is or intends to be part of a group that intends to solicit proxies in support of director nominees other than the Corporation&#146;s nominees will, to the extent
any such proxies are solicited, (A)&nbsp;solicit proxies from the holders of the Corporation&#146;s outstanding shares representing at least 67% of the voting power of the Corporation&#146;s shares entitled to vote on the election of directors,
(B)&nbsp;include a statement to that effect in its proxy statement and/or the form of proxy, (C)&nbsp;otherwise comply with Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-19</FONT> promulgated under the Exchange Act, and (D)&nbsp;provide the Secretary of
the Corporation not less than five (5)&nbsp;business days prior to the meeting or any adjournment, rescheduling or postponement thereof, with reasonable documentary evidence (as determined by the Secretary of the Corporation in good faith) that such
stockholder, beneficial owner and/or group complied with such representations. In addition, the stockholder making such nomination shall promptly provide any other information reasonably requested by the Corporation, including, without limitation,
information to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as an independent director of the Corporation or that could be material to a reasonable stockholder&#146;s understanding of the independence, or lack thereof, of such
nominee. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">In addition, to be considered timely, a Nomination Notice shall further be updated and supplemented, if necessary, so that the
information provided or required to be provided in such Nomination Notice shall be true and correct as of the record date for the Annual Meeting and as of the date that is ten (10)&nbsp;business days prior to the Annual Meeting or any adjournment or
postponement thereof, and such update and supplement shall be delivered to the Secretary of the Corporation, not later than five (5)&nbsp;business days after the record date for the Annual Meeting in the case of the update and supplement required to
be made as of the record date, and not later than eight (8)&nbsp;business days prior to the date for the Annual Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of ten
(10)&nbsp;business days prior to the Annual Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof.&nbsp;For the avoidance of doubt, the obligation to update and supplement as set forth in this paragraph or any other Section or Article of these Bylaws
shall not limit the Corporation&#146;s rights with respect to any deficiencies in any Nomination Notice, extend any applicable deadlines hereunder or under any other provision of these Bylaws or enable or be deemed to permit a stockholder of the
Corporation who has previously submitted a Nomination Notice or a notice under any other provision of these Bylaws to amend or update any proposal or to submit any new proposal, including by changing or adding nominees, matters, business and/or
resolutions proposed to be brought before an Annual Meeting. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">If a stockholder providing notice and/or beneficial owner that intends to
solicit proxies in support of director nominees other than the Corporation&#146;s nominees no longer intends to solicit proxies in accordance with its representation pursuant to clause (iv)&nbsp;of Section&nbsp;11(c) of this Article III, such
stockholder and/or beneficial owner shall inform the Corporation of this change by delivering a writing to the Secretary of the Corporation no later than two (2)&nbsp;business days after the occurrence of such change and such nomination shall be
disregarded, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such nomination may have been received by the Corporation. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(d) Subject to the provisions of this Section&nbsp;11, if expressly requested in the
applicable Proxy Inclusion Notice, the Corporation shall include in its proxy statement for its next Annual Meeting: </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(i) the name of any
person nominated for election pursuant to Section&nbsp;11(h) of this Article III (each a &#147;Nominee&#148;) by any Eligible Holder or group of up to twenty (20)&nbsp;Eligible Holders that has (individually and collectively, in the case of a group)
satisfied all applicable conditions and complied with all applicable procedures set forth in this Section&nbsp;11 (each such Eligible Holder or group of Eligible Holders, as the case may be, a &#147;Nominating Stockholder&#148;); </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ii) all disclosure about each Nominee and Nominating Stockholder required under the rules of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the
&#147;SEC&#148;) or other applicable law, regulation or stock exchange listing standard to be included in such proxy statement; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(iii) any
statement provided by a Nominating Stockholder in the Proxy Inclusion Notice for inclusion in such proxy statement in support of a Nominee&#146;s election (subject, without limitation, to Section&nbsp;11(i)(ii)), if such statement does not exceed
five hundred (500)&nbsp;words per nominee, as calculated in good faith by the Corporation; and </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(iv) any other information that the
Corporation determines, in its discretion, to include in such proxy statement relating to the nomination of a Nominee, including, without limitation, any statement in opposition to any such nomination and any of the information provided pursuant to
this Section&nbsp;11. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(e)&nbsp;The name of any Nominee included in a proxy statement of the Corporation pursuant to Section&nbsp;11(d) of
these Bylaws shall be included on any ballot relating to the election of directors distributed at the applicable Annual Meeting and shall be set forth on a form of proxy (or other format through which the Corporation permits proxies to be submitted)
distributed by the Corporation in connection with election of directors at such Annual Meeting so as to permit stockholders to vote on the election of such Nominee. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(f) (i)&nbsp;The Corporation shall not be required to include in its proxy statement for an Annual Meeting more Nominees than that number of
directors constituting twenty percent (20%) of the total number of directors of the Corporation on the last day on which a Proxy Inclusion Notice may be submitted pursuant to this Section&nbsp;11 (rounded down to the nearest whole number, but not
less than two (2)) (the &#147;Maximum Number&#148;).&nbsp;If the Maximum Number is greater than two, the Maximum Number for a particular Annual Meeting shall be reduced (but not reduced to less than two (2)) by (A)&nbsp;the number of Nominees
(i)&nbsp;whose respective nominations are subsequently withdrawn by the applicable Nominating Stockholder, (ii)&nbsp;that the Board of Directors itself decides to nominate for election at such Annual Meeting or (iii)&nbsp;who decline such
nomination, and (B)&nbsp;the number of incumbent directors who had been Nominees at any of the preceding three annual meetings of stockholders and whose reelection at the upcoming Annual Meeting is being recommended by the Board of
Directors.&nbsp;In the event that one or more vacancies for any reason occurs on the Board of Directors after the applicable deadline set forth in Section&nbsp;11(h) of this Article&nbsp;III but before the date of the applicable Annual Meeting and
the Board of Directors resolves to reduce the size of the Board of Directors in connection therewith, the Maximum Number shall be calculated based on the number of directors in office as so reduced. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ii)&nbsp;If the aggregate number of Nominees for any Annual Meeting exceeds the Maximum
Number, then, promptly upon notice from the Corporation but in no event later than five business days after receipt of such notice, each Nominating Stockholder will select one Nominee for inclusion in the Corporation&#146;s proxy statement until the
Maximum Number is reached, going in order of the amount (largest to smallest) of the net long position disclosed in each Nominating Stockholder&#146;s Proxy Inclusion Notice, with the process repeated if the Maximum Number is not reached after each
Nominating Stockholder has selected one Nominee.&nbsp;If, after the applicable deadline for submitting a Proxy Inclusion Notice, a Nominating Stockholder becomes ineligible or withdraws its nomination or a Nominee becomes unwilling to serve on the
Board of Directors, whether before or after the mailing of the Corporation&#146;s definitive proxy statement, then all nominations made by such Nominating Stockholder shall be disregarded, and the Corporation (a)&nbsp;shall not be required to
include in its proxy statement or on any ballot or form of proxy any Nominee proposed by such Nominating Stockholder or any successor or replacement nominee proposed by such Nominating Stockholder or by any other Nominating Stockholder and
(b)&nbsp;may otherwise communicate to its stockholders, including, without limitation, by amending or supplementing its proxy statement or ballot or form of proxy, that such Nominee will not be included as a Nominee in the proxy statement or on any
ballot or form of proxy and will not be voted on at the Annual Meeting. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(g) (i)&nbsp;An &#147;Eligible Holder&#148; is a person who has
either (A)&nbsp;been a record holder of shares of the Corporation&#146;s capital stock used to satisfy the eligibility requirements to make a nomination pursuant to Section&nbsp;11(d) of these Bylaws continuously for the relevant three-year period
or (B)&nbsp;provides to the Secretary, within the time period referred to in Section&nbsp;11(h) of these Bylaws, evidence of continuous ownership of such shares for such three-year period from one or more securities intermediaries in a form that the
Board of Directors or its designee, acting in good faith, determines to be acceptable for purposes of a stockholder proposal under Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-8(b)(2)</FONT> under the Exchange Act.&nbsp;Notwithstanding anything to the
contrary in this Section&nbsp;11, any two or more collective investment funds that are (A)&nbsp;under common management and investment control, (B)&nbsp;under common management and funded primarily by the same employer or (C)&nbsp;a &#147;group of
investment companies,&#148; as such term is defined in Section&nbsp;12(d)(1)(G)(ii) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, shall be treated as one stockholder or beneficial owner for purposes of determining the number of Eligible Holders
which are within a group for purposes of Section&nbsp;11(g)(ii) of these Bylaws; provided that each such collective investment fund otherwise meets the requirements of an Eligible Holder and provided that each such group of collective investment
funds delivers to the Secretary of the Corporation at the principal executive offices of the Corporation, no later than the final date when a Proxy Inclusion Notice may be timely delivered to the Secretary of the Corporation, documentation
reasonably satisfactory to the Corporation that demonstrates that each collective investment fund within such group satisfies the requirements of an Eligible Holder. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ii)&nbsp;Any Eligible Holder or group of up to twenty (20)&nbsp;Eligible Holders may submit a nomination pursuant to Section&nbsp;11(d) of
these Bylaws only if such Eligible Holder or group (in the aggregate), as the case may be, has continuously been a holder of full voting rights and a net long position in shares of the Corporation&#146;s capital stock allowing such Eligible Holder
to have at least the Minimum Voting Power continuously throughout the three-year period preceding and including the date of submission of the Proxy Inclusion Notice, and continues to hold full voting rights and a net long position in shares of the
Corporation&#146;s capital stock allowing such Eligible Holder to have at least the Minimum Voting Power continuously through the date of the applicable Annual Meeting. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(iii)&nbsp;The &#147;Minimum Voting Power&#148; means three percent (3%) of the aggregate
voting power of the Corporation&#146;s outstanding capital stock as of the most recent date for which the amount of the Corporation&#146;s outstanding capital stock is given in any filing by the Corporation with the SEC prior to the submission of
the Proxy Inclusion Notice. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(iv)&nbsp;For purposes of this Section&nbsp;11, a Nominating Stockholder&#146;s &#147;net long position&#148;
shall include only those outstanding shares of the Corporation&#146;s capital stock as to which the Nominating Stockholder possesses both (i)&nbsp;the full voting and investment rights pertaining to such shares and (ii)&nbsp;the full economic
interest in (including the opportunity for profit from and risk of loss on) such shares; provided, that the number of shares calculated in accordance with clauses (i)&nbsp;and (ii) above shall not include any shares (x)&nbsp;sold by such Nominating
Stockholder or any affiliate of such Nominating Stockholder in any transaction that has not been settled or closed, (y)&nbsp;borrowed by such Nominating Stockholder or any affiliate of such Nominating Stockholder for any purpose or purchased by such
Nominating Stockholder subject to an agreement to resell, or (z)&nbsp;subject to any Derivative Instrument or similar agreement, whether or not any such Derivative Instrument or agreement is to be settled with shares of the Corporation&#146;s
capital stock or with cash based on the notional amount or value of outstanding shares of the Corporation&#146;s capital stock, in any such case which Derivative Instrument or agreement has, or is intended to have, the purpose or effect of
(1)&nbsp;reducing in any manner, to any extent or at any time, such Nominating Stockholder or affiliate&#146;s full right to vote or direct the voting of any such shares and/or (2)&nbsp;hedging, offsetting or altering to any degree any gain or loss
realized or realizable from maintaining the full economic ownership of such shares by such Nominating Stockholder or affiliate.&nbsp;For purposes of this Section&nbsp;11, a Nominating Stockholder&#146;s net long position shall be deemed to include
shares of capital held in the name of a nominee or other intermediary so long as the Nominating Stockholder retains the right to instruct how such shares are voted with respect to the election of directors and possesses the full economic interest in
such shares.&nbsp;A Nominating Stockholder&#146;s ownership of shares shall be deemed to continue during any period in which the Nominating Stockholder has loaned such shares or delegated any voting power over such shares by means of a proxy, power
or attorney or other instrument or arrangement only if the Nominating Stockholder has the power to recall loaned shares on five or fewer business days&#146; prior notice or if such delegation is revocable at any time by the Nominating
Stockholder.&nbsp;Whether any outstanding share of the Corporation&#146;s capital stock is owned by a Nominating Stockholder in a manner that satisfies the ownership requirements to make a nomination pursuant to Section&nbsp;11(d) of these Bylaws
shall be determined in good faith by the Corporation.&nbsp;For purposes of this Section&nbsp;11, the term &#147;affiliate&#148; shall have the meaning ascribed thereto under the General Rules and Regulations under the Exchange Act, and the term
&#147;Nominating Stockholder&#148; shall include, individually, each member of a group of Eligible Holders constituting such Nominating Stockholder. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(v)&nbsp;A record holder acting on behalf of one or more beneficial owners will not be
counted separately as a stockholder with respect to the shares owned by beneficial owners on whose behalf such record holder has been directed in writing to act, but each such beneficial owner will be counted separately, subject to the other
provisions of this Section&nbsp;11, for the purpose of determining the number of Eligible Holders in a group constituting a Nominating Stockholder. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(vi)&nbsp;No person shall be permitted to be in more than one group constituting a Nominating Stockholder in connection with the same Annual
Meeting, and, if any person appears as a member of more than one group, such person shall be deemed to be a member of the group that has the largest net long position as reflected in the applicable Proxy Inclusion Notice. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(h)&nbsp;To nominate a Nominee, the Nominating Stockholder must, no earlier than one hundred fifty (150)&nbsp;calendar days and no later than
one hundred twenty (120)&nbsp;calendar days before the anniversary of the date on which the Corporation mailed its proxy statement for the prior year&#146;s Annual Meeting, submit to the Secretary at the principal executive office of the Corporation
all of the following information and documents (collectively, the &#147;Proxy Inclusion Notice&#148;); provided, however, that if (and only if) the Annual Meeting at which such nomination will be considered is not scheduled to be held within a
period that commences thirty (30)&nbsp;calendar days before such anniversary date and ends thirty (30)&nbsp;calendar days after such anniversary date (an Annual Meeting date outside such period being referred to herein as an &#147;Other Meeting
Date&#148;), the Proxy Inclusion Notice shall be given in the manner provided herein by the later of the close of business on (i)&nbsp;the date that is one hundred eighty (180)&nbsp;calendar days prior to such Other Meeting Date or (ii)&nbsp;the
tenth (10th) day following the date such Other Meeting Date is first publicly announced or disclosed: </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(i)&nbsp;A Schedule 14N (or any
successor form) relating to the Nominee, completed and filed with the SEC by the Nominating Stockholder as applicable, in accordance with SEC rules; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ii)&nbsp;A written notice, in a form deemed satisfactory by the Board of Directors or its designee, acting in good faith, of the nomination of
such Nominee that includes all of the following additional information, agreements and representations by the Nominating Stockholder (including each Eligible Holder constituting such Nominating Stockholder): </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(1)&nbsp;all information required to be included in a Nomination Notice pursuant to Section&nbsp;11(c) of this Article III;
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(2)&nbsp;the details of any relationship that existed within the past three years and that would have been described
pursuant to Item 6(e) of Schedule 14N if it existed on the date of submission of the Schedule 14N; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(3)&nbsp;a
representation that the Nominating Stockholder did not acquire, and is not holding, any securities of the Corporation for the purpose or with the effect of influencing or changing control of the Corporation; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(4)&nbsp;a representation that neither the Nominee&#146;s candidacy nor, if elected, Board membership would violate applicable
state or federal law or the rules of any stock exchange on which the Corporation&#146;s securities are traded; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(5) a
representation that the Nominee: </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:13%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(A) does not have any direct or indirect relationship with the Corporation
other than those relationships that are categorically immaterial pursuant to the Corporation&#146;s Corporate Governance Standards, as most recently published on its website, and otherwise qualifies as independent under the rules of the primary
stock exchange on which the Corporation&#146;s securities are traded; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:13%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(B)&nbsp;is a
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">&#147;non-employee</FONT> director&#148; for the purposes of Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">16b-3</FONT> under the Exchange Act; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:13%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(C)&nbsp;is an &#147;outside director&#148; for the purposes of Section&nbsp;162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:13%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(D)&nbsp;will not have reached his or her seventy-second (72<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">nd</SUP>) birthday
as of the date of the applicable Annual Meeting; and </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:13%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(E)&nbsp;is not and has not been subject to any event specified in
Item 401(f) of Regulation <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">S-K,</FONT> without regard to whether the event is material to an evaluation of the ability or integrity of the Nominee or whether the event occurred in the
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">ten-year</FONT> time period referenced in such Item; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(6)&nbsp;a representation that the
Nominating Stockholder satisfies the eligibility requirements set forth in Section&nbsp;11(f) of this Article III and has provided evidence of ownership to the extent required by Section&nbsp;11(f)(i) of this Article&nbsp;III; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(7)&nbsp;a representation that the Nominating Stockholder intends to continue to satisfy the eligibility requirements described
in Section&nbsp;11(f) of this Article III through the date of the applicable Annual Meeting; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(8)&nbsp;details of any
position of the Nominee as an officer or director of any competitor (i.e., any entity that produces products or provides services that compete with or are alternatives to products produced or services provided by the Corporation or its affiliates)
of the Corporation or any of its affiliates, within the three years preceding the submission of the Proxy Inclusion Notice; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(9)&nbsp;a representation that the Nominating Stockholder will not engage in a &#147;solicitation&#148; within the meaning of
Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-1(l)</FONT> (without reference to the exception in <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Section&nbsp;14a-(l)(2)(iv))</FONT> under the Exchange Act with respect to the applicable Annual Meeting, other than with
respect to the Nominee; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(10)&nbsp;if desired, a statement for inclusion in the proxy statement in support of the
Nominee&#146;s election, provided that such statement shall not exceed five hundred (500)&nbsp;words per Nominee, as calculated in good faith by the Corporation; and </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(11)&nbsp;in the case of a nomination by a Nominating Stockholders comprised of a group of Eligible Holders, the designation by
all group members of a single group member that is authorized to act on behalf of all group members with respect to matters relating to the nomination, including withdrawal of the nomination; and </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(iii)&nbsp;an executed agreement, in a form deemed satisfactory by the Board of Directors or
its designee, acting in good faith, pursuant to which the Nominating Stockholder (including each Eligible Holder in a group constituting such Nominating Stockholder) agrees: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a)&nbsp;to comply with all applicable laws, rules and regulations in connection with the nomination and election; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b)&nbsp;to assume all liability stemming from an action, suit or proceeding concerning any actual or alleged legal or
regulatory violation arising out of any communication by the Nominating Stockholder with the Corporation, its stockholders or any other person in connection with the nomination or election of directors, including, without limitation, the Proxy
Inclusion Notice; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c)&nbsp;to indemnify and hold harmless (jointly with all other group members, in the case of a group
member) the Corporation and each of its directors, officers and employees individually against any liability, loss, damages, expenses or other costs (including attorneys&#146; fees) incurred in connection with any threatened or pending action, suit
or proceeding, whether legal, administrative or investigative, against the Corporation or any of its directors, officers or employees arising out of or relating to a failure or alleged failure of the Nominating Stockholder to comply with, or any
breach or alleged breach of, its obligations, agreements or representations under this Section&nbsp;11; and </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(d)&nbsp;in
the event that any information included in the Proxy Inclusion Notice, or any other communications by the Nominating Stockholder, with the Corporation, its stockholders or any other person in connection with the nomination or election ceases to be
true and accurate in all material respects (or due to a subsequent development omits a material fact necessary to make the statements made not misleading), or that the Nominating Stockholder has failed to continue to satisfy the eligibility
requirements described in Section&nbsp;11(g) of this Article III, to promptly (and in any event within forty-eight (48)&nbsp;hours of discovering such misstatement or omission) notify the Secretary and any other recipient of such communication of
the misstatement or omission in such previously provided information and of the information that is required to correct the misstatement or omission. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(iv)&nbsp;an executed agreement, in a form deemed satisfactory by the Board of Directors or its designee, acting in good faith, by the Nominee:
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a)&nbsp;to provide to the Corporation such other information as it may reasonably request; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b)&nbsp;that the Nominee has read and agrees, if elected, to serve as a member of the Board of Directors, to adhere to the
Corporation&#146;s Corporate Governance Guidelines and Corporate Guidelines for Business Conduct and Ethics and any other policies and guidelines of the Corporation applicable to directors; and </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c)&nbsp;that the Nominee is not and will not become a party to any
compensatory, payment or other financial agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person or entity in connection with service or action as a director of the Corporation, or any agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person or
entity as to how the Nominee would vote or act on any issue or question as a director, in each case that has not been disclosed to the Corporation. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The
information and documents required by this Section&nbsp;11(h) shall be (i)&nbsp;provided with respect to and executed by each Eligible Holder in a group constituting a Nominating Stockholder, in the case of information applicable to group members;
and (ii)&nbsp;provided with respect to the persons specified in Instruction 1 to Item 6(c) and (d)&nbsp;of Schedule 14N in the case of a Nominating Stockholder or group member thereof that is an entity.&nbsp;The Proxy Inclusion Notice shall be
deemed submitted on the date on which all of the information and documents referred to in this Section&nbsp;11(h) (other than such information and documents contemplated to be provided after the date on which the Proxy Inclusion Notice is provided)
have been provided to the Secretary. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(v)&nbsp;Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Section&nbsp;11, the Corporation
may omit from its proxy statement any Nominee, and such nomination shall be disregarded and no vote on such Nominee will occur, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the Corporation, if: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a) the Corporation receives a Nomination Notice pursuant to Section&nbsp;11(c) of this Article III indicating that a
stockholder intends to nominate one or more candidates for director at the same Annual Meeting; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b)&nbsp;the Nominating
Stockholder or the designated lead group member, as applicable, or any qualified representative thereof, does not appear at the applicable Annual Meeting to present the nomination submitted pursuant to Section&nbsp;11(d) of this Article III; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c)&nbsp;the Board of Directors, acting in good faith, determines that such Nominee&#146;s nomination or election to the Board
of Directors would result in the Corporation violating or failing to be in compliance with any applicable law, rule or regulation to which the Corporation is subject, including any rules or regulations of any stock exchange on which the
Corporation&#146;s securities are traded; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(d)&nbsp;the Nominee was nominated for election to the Board of Directors
pursuant to Section&nbsp;11(d) of this Article&nbsp;III at either of the Corporation&#146;s two preceding Annual Meetings and received a vote in favor by less than twenty-five percent (25%) of the shares of the Corporation&#146;s capital stock
entitled to vote for such Nominee; </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(e)&nbsp;the Corporation is notified, or the Board of Directors acting in
good faith determines, that a Nominating Stockholder has failed to continue to satisfy the eligibility requirements described in Section&nbsp;11(f) of this Article III, any of the representations made in the Proxy Inclusion Notice ceases to be true
and accurate in all material respects (or omits a material fact necessary to make the statements made not misleading), the Nominee becomes unwilling or unable to serve on the Board of Directors or any material violation or breach occurs of the
obligations, agreements or representations of the Nominating Stockholder or the Nominee under this Section&nbsp;11; or </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(f)&nbsp;the Corporation determines in good faith that the Nominee has reached or will reach his or her seventy-second (72<SUP
STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">nd</SUP>) birthday on or before the date of the applicable Annual Meeting. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">In addition, to be considered
timely, a Proxy Inclusion Notice shall further be updated and supplemented, if necessary, so that the information provided or required to be provided in such Proxy Inclusion Notice shall be true and correct as of the record date for the Annual
Meeting and as of the date that is ten (10)&nbsp;business days prior to the Annual Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof, and such update and supplement shall be delivered to the Secretary of the Corporation, not later than five
(5)&nbsp;business days after the record date for the Annual Meeting in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of the record date, and not later than eight (8)&nbsp;business days prior to the date for the Annual Meeting or any
adjournment or postponement thereof in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of ten (10)&nbsp;business days prior to the Annual Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof.&nbsp;For the avoidance of doubt, the
obligation to update and supplement as set forth in this paragraph or any other Section or Article of these Bylaws shall not limit the Corporation&#146;s rights with respect to any deficiencies in any Proxy Inclusion Notice, extend any applicable
deadlines hereunder or under any other provision of these Bylaws or enable or be deemed to permit a stockholder of the Corporation who has previously submitted a Proxy Inclusion Notice or a notice under any other provision of these Bylaws to amend
or update any proposal or to submit any new proposal, including by changing or adding nominees, matters, business and/or resolutions proposed to be brought before an Annual Meeting. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(vi) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Section&nbsp;11, the Corporation may omit from its proxy statement, or may
supplement or correct, any information, including all or any portion of the statement in support of a Nominee included in a Nomination Notice, if the Board of Directors in good faith determines that: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a)&nbsp;such information is not true in all material respects or omits a material statement necessary to make the statements
made not misleading; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b) such information directly or indirectly impugns character, integrity or personal reputation of,
or directly or indirectly makes charges concerning improper, illegal or immoral conduct or associations, without factual foundation, with respect to, any person; or </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c) the inclusion of such information in the proxy statement would otherwise violate the SEC proxy rules or any other
applicable law, rule or regulation. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">20 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(vii) Notwithstanding anything in these Bylaws to the contrary, no stockholder of the
Corporation may nominate a candidate for director at an Annual Meeting except in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section&nbsp;11.&nbsp;The Chairman of the Board may, if the facts warrant, determine that any such nomination was not
properly brought before an Annual Meeting in accordance with the provisions of this Section&nbsp;11; and if the Chairman of the Board should so determine, the Chairman of the Board shall so declare to the Annual Meeting, and any such nomination not
properly brought before the Annual Meeting shall not be made, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the Corporation.&nbsp;Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section&nbsp;11, a stockholder shall also
comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Section&nbsp;11; provided, however, that any references in these Bylaws to the Exchange Act or the
rules promulgated thereunder are not intended to and shall not limit the applicable requirements set forth in this Section&nbsp;11 with respect to director nominations by stockholders of the Corporation. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;12. </B><B><U>Effect of Withheld Votes in Uncontested Elections for Director</U></B>. Any nominee for director in an uncontested
election who receives a greater number of votes &#147;withheld&#148; from his election than votes &#147;for&#148; such election shall promptly tender his resignation to the Board of Directors.&nbsp;The Nominating and Governance Committee of the
Board of Directors (the &#147;Nominating and Governance Committee&#148;), and/or such other committee as may be duly authorized by the Board of Directors, shall evaluate the director&#146;s tendered resignation and shall recommend to the Board of
Directors whether to accept or reject such resignation or take other action.&nbsp;The Board of Directors shall act to accept or reject such resignation within ninety (90)&nbsp;days following the certification of the election results of the
stockholder meeting at which the election of directors was held, and the Corporation shall promptly disclose the Board of Directors&#146; decision and its reasons therefor in a press release, a Current Report on Form
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">8-K</FONT> or other periodic filing with the SEC, or any other broadly disseminated means of communication.&nbsp;The Nominating and Governance Committee (and any other committee as may be duly authorized by the Board
of Directors to make a recommendation to the Board of Directors regarding such resignation) in evaluating such resignation and making its recommendation, and the Board of Directors in making its decision, may each consider any factors or other
information that it considers appropriate and relevant. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Any director who tenders his resignation pursuant to this policy shall not
participate in any consideration of such resignation or any resulting action by the Board of Directors, the Nominating and Governance Committee or any other committee as may be duly authorized by the Board of Directors to consider such resignation
or take any resulting action.&nbsp;If such director&#146;s resignation is not accepted by the Board of Directors, such director shall continue to serve until the expiration of such director&#146;s term and until his successor is duly elected, or his
earlier death, resignation, retirement, disqualification or removal.&nbsp;If such director&#146;s resignation is accepted by the Board of Directors, then the Board of Directors, in its sole discretion, may fill any resulting vacancy or decrease the
size of the Board of Directors pursuant to any applicable provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation and these Bylaws. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ARTICLE IV </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>OFFICERS </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;1. </B><B><U>General</U></B>. The officers of the Corporation shall be appointed by the Board of Directors and shall consist of
a Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, a President, such number of Vice Presidents as the Board of Directors shall elect from time to time, a Secretary, a Treasurer (or a position with the duties and responsibilities of a Treasurer) and
such other officers and assistant officers (if any) as the Board of Directors may from time to time appoint.&nbsp;Any number of offices may be held by the same person, unless the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws otherwise provide. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;2. </B><B><U>Election; Term of Office</U></B>. Each officer of the Corporation shall exercise such powers and perform such
duties as shall be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors together with the powers and duties customarily exercised by such officer; and each officer of the Corporation shall hold office until such officer&#146;s successor is duly
elected and qualified or until such officer&#146;s earlier death, resignation, retirement or removal.&nbsp;Any officer may resign at any time upon written notice to the Corporation.&nbsp;The Board of Directors may at any time, with or without cause,
by the affirmative vote of a majority of directors then in office, remove any officer. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;3. </B><B><U>Chairman of the
Board</U></B>. The Chairman of the Board shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and the Board of Directors and shall have such other duties and powers as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors from time to time.&nbsp;The Board of
Directors may also designate one of its members as Vice Chairman of the Board.&nbsp;The Vice Chairman of the Board (if any) shall, during the absence or inability to act of the Chairman of the Board, have the powers and perform the duties of the
Chairman of the Board, and shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as shall be prescribed from time to time by the Board of Directors. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;4. </B><B><U>Chief Executive Officer</U></B>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Chief Executive Officer shall have general charge and control over the affairs of the Corporation, subject to the Board of Directors,
shall see that all orders and resolutions of the Board of Directors are carried out, shall report thereon to the Board of Directors, and shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as shall be prescribed from time to time by the Board
of Directors. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;5. </B><B><U>President</U></B>. The President shall have general and active management of the business of the
Corporation and shall see that all orders and resolutions of the Board of Directors are carried into effect.&nbsp;The President shall have and exercise such further powers and duties as may be specifically delegated to or vested in the President
from time to time by these Bylaws or the Board of Directors.&nbsp;In the absence of the Chairman of the Board or the Vice Chairman of the Board (if any) or in the event of the inability of or refusal to act by the Chairman of the Board, the Vice
Chairman of the Board (if any), or if the Board has not designated a Chairman or Vice Chairman, the President shall perform the duties of the Chairman of the Board, and when so acting, shall have all of the powers and be subject to all of the
restrictions upon the Chairman of the Board. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;6. </B><B><U>Vice President</U></B>. In the absence of the President or in the
event of his inability or refusal to act, the Vice President (or in the event there be more than one vice president, the vice presidents in the order designated by the directors) shall perform the duties of the President, and when so acting, shall
have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the President.&nbsp;The vice presidents shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors or the President may from time to time prescribe. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;7. </B><B><U>Secretary</U></B>. The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the Board of Directors and all meetings of
stockholders and record all the proceedings thereat in a book or books to be kept for that purpose; the Secretary shall also perform like duties for the standing committees when required.&nbsp;The Secretary shall give, or cause to be given, notice
of all meetings of the stockholders and special meetings of the Board of Directors, and shall perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or the President.&nbsp;If the Secretary shall be unable or shall refuse to cause
to be given notice of all meetings of the stockholders and special meetings of the Board of Directors, and if there be no Assistant Secretary, then either the Board of Directors or the President may choose another officer to cause such notice to be
given.&nbsp;The Secretary shall have custody of the seal of the Corporation and the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary, if there be one, shall have authority to affix the same to any instrument requiring it and when so affixed, it may be attested
by the signature of the Secretary or by the signature of any such Assistant Secretary.&nbsp;The Board of Directors may give general authority to any other officer to affix the seal of the Corporation and to attest the affixing by his
signature.&nbsp;The Secretary shall see that all books, reports, statements, certificates and other documents and records required by law to be kept or filed are properly kept or filed, as the case may be. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;8. </B><B><U>Assistant Secretaries</U></B>. Except as may be otherwise provided in these Bylaws, Assistant Secretaries, if there
be any, shall perform such duties and have such powers as from time to time may be assigned to them by the Board of Directors, the President or the Secretary, and shall have the authority to perform all functions of the Secretary, and when so
acting, shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the Secretary. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;9.
</B><B><U>Treasurer</U></B>. The Treasurer shall have the custody of the corporate funds and securities, shall keep complete and accurate accounts of all receipts and disbursements of the Corporation, and shall deposit all monies and other valuable
effects of the Corporation in its name and to its credit in such banks and other depositories as may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors or any designee of the Board of Directors.&nbsp;The Treasurer shall disburse the funds of
the Corporation, taking proper vouchers and receipts for such disbursements.&nbsp;The Treasurer shall, when and if required by the Board of Directors, give and file with the Corporation a bond, in such form and amount and with such surety or
sureties as shall be satisfactory to the Board of Directors, for the faithful performance of his duties as Treasurer.&nbsp;The Treasurer shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as the Board of Directors or the President shall from
time to time prescribe. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;10. </B><B><U>Assistant Treasurers</U></B>. Except as may be otherwise provided in these Bylaws,
Assistant Treasurers, if there be any, shall perform such duties and have such powers as from time to time may be assigned to them by the Board of Directors, the President or the Treasurer, and shall have the authority to perform all functions of
the Treasurer, and when so acting, shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the Treasurer. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;11. </B><B><U>Other Officers</U></B>. Such other officers as the Board of
Directors may choose shall perform such duties and have such powers as from time to time may be assigned to them by the Board of Directors.&nbsp;The Board of Directors may delegate to any other officer of the Corporation the power to choose such
other officers and to prescribe their respective duties and powers. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ARTICLE V </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>STOCK </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;1.
</B><B><U>Form of Certificates; Uncertificated Shares</U></B>. The shares of the capital stock of the Corporation shall be represented by certificates; provided that the Board of Directors may provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of
any or all classes or series of its capital stock shall be uncertificated shares evidenced by registration in book-entry accounts, in accordance with applicable law.&nbsp;Any such resolution shall not apply to shares of capital stock represented by
a certificate until such certificate is surrendered to the Corporation.&nbsp;Notwithstanding the adoption of such a resolution by the Board of Directors, every holder of capital stock in the Corporation represented by a certificate, and upon request
every holder of uncertificated shares of capital stock in the Corporation, shall be entitled to have a certificate signed, in the name of the Corporation (i)&nbsp;by the Chairman of the Board or the President or a Vice President and (ii)&nbsp;by the
Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Corporation, certifying the number of shares of the Corporation&#146;s capital stock owned by such holder and represented thereby. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;2. </B><B><U>Signatures</U></B>. Any or all of the signatures on a certificate representing capital stock of the Corporation may
be a facsimile.&nbsp;In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate representing capital stock of the Corporation shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent
or registrar before such certificate is issued, such certificate may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if such person were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;3. </B><B><U>Lost Certificates</U></B>. The Board of Directors may direct a new certificate to be issued or an appropriate
book-entry to be recorded in place of any certificate representing capital stock of the Corporation theretofore issued by the Corporation alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person
claiming the certificate of capital stock to be lost, stolen or destroyed.&nbsp;When authorizing such issue of a new certificate or book-entry recording, the Board of Directors may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance
thereof, require the owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or such owner&#146;s legal representative, to advertise the same in such manner as the Board of Directors shall require and/or to give the Corporation a bond in such sum as it
may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the Corporation with respect to the certificate alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;4. </B><B><U>Transfers</U></B>. Capital stock of the Corporation shall be transferable in the manner prescribed by applicable
law and in these Bylaws. Transfers of such capital stock shall be made on the books of the Corporation only by the person named in the applicable certificate or book-entry recording or by such person&#146;s attorney lawfully constituted in writing
and upon the surrender of the certificate therefor, which shall be cancelled before a new certificate shall be issued, or upon the transfer of such capital stock by appropriate book-entry procedures. Subject to the provisions of applicable law, the
Certificate of Incorporation and these Bylaws, the Board of Directors may prescribe such additional rules and regulations as it may deem appropriate relating to the issue, transfer and registration of capital stock of the Corporation. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">24 </P>

</DIV></Center>


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<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;5. </B><B><U>Record Date</U></B>. In order that the Corporation may determine
the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in
respect of any change, conversion or exchange of capital stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix, in advance, a record date, which shall not be more than sixty (60)&nbsp;days nor less than ten
(10)&nbsp;days before the date of such meeting, nor more than sixty (60)&nbsp;days prior to any other action. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of
the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;6.
</B><B><U>Beneficial Owners</U></B>. The Corporation shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares of the Corporation&#146;s capital stock to receive dividends, and to vote as such
owner, and to hold liable for calls and assessments a person registered on its books as the owner of such shares, and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such shares on the part of any other person, whether
or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by law. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;7. </B><B><U>Voting Securities
Owned by the Corporation</U></B>. Powers of attorney, proxies, waivers of notice of meeting, consents and other instruments relating to securities owned by the Corporation may be executed in the name of and on behalf of the Corporation by the
Chairman of the Board, the President, any Vice President, the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary, and any such officer may, in the name of and on behalf of the Corporation, take all such action as any such officer may deem advisable to vote in
person or by proxy at any meeting of security holders of any corporation or other business entity in which the Corporation may own securities and at any such meeting shall possess and may exercise any and all rights and power incident to the
ownership of such securities and which, as the owner thereof, the Corporation might have exercised and possessed if present.&nbsp;The Board of Directors may, by resolution, from time to time confer like powers upon any other person or persons. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ARTICLE VI </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>NOTICES
</B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;1. </B><B><U>Notices</U></B>. Whenever written notice is required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these
Bylaws, to be given to any director, member of a committee of the Board of Directors or stockholder, such notice may be given by mail or be given personally or by telegram, facsimile transmission, telex, cable or other electronic
transmission.&nbsp;If any such notice is mailed, it shall be deemed to have been given when deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, directed to the recipient at the recipient&#146;s address as it appears in the records of the
Corporation, or, if the recipient shall have filed with the Secretary a written request that notices to the recipient be mailed to another address, then directed to the recipient at such other address.&nbsp;Notice shall be
</P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">25 </P>

</DIV></Center>


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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">
deemed to be given (i)&nbsp;if given by facsimile, when directed to a facsimile number at which the recipient has consented to receive notices; (ii)&nbsp;if given by electronic mail, when
directed to an electronic mail address at which the recipient has consented to receive notices; (iii)&nbsp;if given by posting on an electronic network together with separate notice to the recipient of such specific posting, upon the later of
(A)&nbsp;such posting and (B)&nbsp;the giving of such separate notice in accordance with this Section&nbsp;1; and (iv)&nbsp;if given by any other form of electronic transmission, when directed to the recipient in a manner reasonably expected to
cause the recipient to receive such notice.&nbsp;For purposes of these Bylaws, &#147;electronic transmission&#148; means any form of communication, not directly involving the physical transmission of paper, that creates a record that may be
retained, retrieved and reviewed by a recipient thereof, and that may be directly reproduced in paper form by such a recipient through an automated process. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;2. </B><B><U>Waiver of Notice</U></B>. Whenever any notice is required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws
to be given to any director, member or a committee or stockholder, a waiver thereof in writing or submitted by an electronic transmission, signed by the person or persons entitled to such notice, whether before or after the time stated therein,
shall be deemed equivalent to notice. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ARTICLE VII </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>GENERAL PROVISIONS </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;1. </B><B><U>Dividends</U></B>. Dividends upon the capital stock of the Corporation, subject to the provisions of the
Certificate of Incorporation, if any, may be declared by the Board of Directors at any regular or special meeting or by any committee of the Board of Directors having such authority at any meeting thereof, and may be paid in cash, in property, in
shares of the capital stock or in any combination thereof.&nbsp;Before payment of any dividend, there may be set aside out of any funds of the Corporation available for dividends such sum or sums as the Board of Directors from time to time, in its
absolute discretion, deems proper as a reserve or reserves to meet contingencies, or for equalizing dividends, or for repairing or maintaining any property of the Corporation, or for any proper purpose, and the Board of Directors may modify or
abolish any such reserve. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;2. </B><B><U>Disbursements</U></B>. All notes, checks, drafts and orders for the payment of money
issued by the Corporation shall be signed in the name of the Corporation by such officers or such other persons as the Board of Directors may from time to time designate. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Section</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;3. </B><B><U>Corporation Seal</U></B>. The corporate seal, if the Corporation shall have a corporate seal, shall have inscribed
thereon the name of the Corporation, the year of its organization and the words &#147;Corporate Seal, Delaware&#148;.&nbsp;The seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or reproduced or otherwise. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">26 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ARTICLE VIII </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>AMENDMENTS </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Except as
otherwise specifically stated within an Article to be altered, amended or repealed, these Bylaws may be altered, amended or repealed and new Bylaws may be adopted at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of the stockholders, provided notice of
the proposed change was given in the notice of the meeting. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ARTICLE IX </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>CONSTRUCTION </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Unless the
context requires otherwise, the general provisions, rules of construction, and definitions in the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware shall govern the construction of these Bylaws.&nbsp;Without limiting the generality of this provision,
(i)&nbsp;the singular number includes the plural, (ii)&nbsp;the plural number includes the singular, (iii)&nbsp;the term &#147;person&#148; includes a natural person, a corporation or any other entity of any type, (iv)&nbsp;the masculine gender
includes the feminine gender and vice versa and (v)&nbsp;all references in these Bylaws to officers with a particular title shall be to officers of the Corporation holding such title, unless the context of such reference provides otherwise.&nbsp;All
restrictions, limitations, requirements and other provisions of these Bylaws shall be construed, insofar as possible, as supplemental and additional to all provisions of law applicable to the subject matter thereof and shall be fully complied with
in addition to the said provisions of law unless such compliance shall be illegal.&nbsp;Any article, section, subsection, subdivision, sentence, clause or phrase of these Bylaws which upon being construed in the manner provided in this
Article&nbsp;IX shall be contrary to or inconsistent with any applicable provisions of law, shall not apply so long as said provisions of law shall remain in effect, but such result shall not affect the validity or applicability of any other
portions of these Bylaws, it being hereby declared that these Bylaws would have been adopted and each article, section, subsection, subdivision, sentence, clause or phrase thereof, irrespective of the fact that any one or more articles, sections,
subsections, subdivisions, sentences, clauses or phrases is or are illegal.&nbsp;All references in these Bylaws to any statute, law, regulation or rule also shall include any successor statute, law, regulation or rule, as the case may be. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">27 </P>

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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">City Area Code</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">City Area Code</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Local Phone Number</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Local Phone Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Written Communications</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Written Communications</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Soliciting Material</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Soliciting Material</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Pre Commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Pre Commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Pre Commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Pre Commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Security 12b Title</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Security 12b Title</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Trading Symbol</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Trading Symbol</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
  </link:labelLink>
</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>ati-20250515_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="us-ascii" standalone="yes"?>
<!-- DFIN - https://www.dfinsolutions.com/ -->
<!-- CTU Version: Release master Build:20241122.1 -->
<!-- Creation date: 5/21/2025 9:07:22 PM Eastern Time -->
<!-- Copyright (c) 2025 Donnelley Financial Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved. -->
<link:linkbase
    xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase"
    xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.atimetals.com//20250515/taxonomy/role/DocumentDocumentAndEntityInformation" xlink:href="ati-20250515.xsd#Role_DocumentDocumentAndEntityInformation" xlink:type="simple" />
  <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://www.atimetals.com//20250515/taxonomy/role/DocumentDocumentAndEntityInformation">
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName" />
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentFlag" order="23.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" order="24.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" order="25.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_DocumentType" order="27.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" order="28.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" order="29.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityFileNumber" order="30.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" order="31.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" order="32.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" order="33.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" order="34.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" order="35.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode" order="36.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" order="37.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications" order="38.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial" order="39.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" order="40.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" order="41.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle" />
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol" />
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.25.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="id2">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Document and Entity Information<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 15, 2025</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">ATI INC<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001018963<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate', window );">Current Fiscal Year End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">--12-29<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">May 15,  2025<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation State Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">1-12001<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">25-1792394<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">2021 McKinney Avenue<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Dallas<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">TX<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">75201<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">(800)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">289-7545<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre Commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre Commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Security 12b Title</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, par value $0.10 per share<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">ATI<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NYSE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:gMonthDayItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period. The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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