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Income Taxes
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes

13. Income Taxes

Our income tax provision represents federal, state, and international taxes on our income recognized for financial statement purposes and includes the effects of temporary differences between financial statement income and income recognized for tax return purposes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of assets and liabilities as adjusted for the expected benefits of utilizing net operating loss carryforwards. We record a valuation allowance to reduce our deferred tax assets to reflect the net deferred tax assets that we believe will be realized. In assessing the likelihood that we will be able to recover our deferred tax assets and the need for a valuation allowance, we consider all available evidence, both positive and negative, including historical levels of pre-tax book income, expiration of net operating losses, expectations and risks associated with estimates of future taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies, as well as current tax laws. As of March 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018, we continue to record a full valuation allowance against our domestic deferred tax assets that are not offset by the reversal of deferred tax liabilities. We evaluate the likelihood of recovering our deferred taxes on a quarterly basis, and in the future, if it is determined that we no longer have a requirement to record a valuation allowance against all or a portion of our deferred tax assets, the release of the valuation allowance would have a positive impact on our income tax provision.

We recorded income tax expense of $5.7 during the three months ended March 31, 2019, consisting primarily of $3.9 of base erosion anti-abuse tax (“BEAT”) in the U.S., and $1.6 of income tax expense from foreign operation.

The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits as of March 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018, were $1.5, including $0.2 of accrued interest, and $1.3, including $0.2 of accrued interest, respectively. Of the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits as of March 31, 2019, $1.5 represents the amount that, if recognized, would favorably impact our effective income tax rate. It is reasonable to expect that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits will change in the next twelve months; however, we do not expect the change to have a significant impact on our results of operations or financial condition.

We file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, various states, and foreign jurisdictions. With a few exceptions, we are no longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local, or non-U.S. income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2014.