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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | 12 Months Ended
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Jun. 30, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | NOTE 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reported periods. The most significant of these estimates and assumptions relate to estimating contract revenue and costs, measuring progress against the Company’s performance obligations, assessing the fair value of acquired assets and liabilities accounted for through business acquisitions, valuing and determining the amortization periods for long-lived intangible assets, assessing the recoverability of long-lived assets, reserves for accounts receivable, and reserves for contract related matters. Management evaluates its estimates on an ongoing basis using the most current and available information. However, actual results may differ significantly from estimates. Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. Revenue Recognition The Company generates almost all of our revenue from three different types of contractual arrangements with the U.S. government: cost-plus-fee, fixed-price, and time-and-materials (T&M) contracts. Our contracts with the U.S. government are generally subject to the Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) and are competitively priced based on estimated costs of providing the contractual goods or services. We account for a contract when the parties have approved the contract and are committed to perform on it, the rights of each party and the payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance, and it is probable that we will collect substantially all of the consideration. At contract inception, the Company determines whether the goods or services to be provided are to be accounted for as a single performance obligation or as multiple performance obligations. This evaluation requires professional judgment and it may impact the timing and pattern of revenue recognition. If multiple performance obligations are identified, we generally use the cost plus a margin approach to determine the relative standalone selling price of each performance obligation. When determining the total transaction price, the Company identifies both fixed and variable consideration elements within the contract. Variable consideration includes any amount within the transaction price that is not fixed, such as: award or incentive fees; performance penalties; unfunded contract value; or other similar items. For our contracts with award or incentive fees, the Company estimates the total amount of award or incentive fee expected to be recognized into revenue. Throughout the performance period, we recognize as revenue a constrained amount of variable consideration only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal of the cumulative amount recognized to date will not be required in a subsequent period. Our estimate of variable consideration is periodically adjusted based on significant changes in relevant facts and circumstances. In the period in which we can calculate the final amount of award or incentive fee earned - based on the receipt of the customer’s final performance score or determining that more objective, contractually-defined criteria have been fully satisfied - the Company will adjust our cumulative revenue recognized to date on the contract. This adjustment to revenue will be disclosed as the amount of revenue recognized in the current period for a previously satisfied performance obligation. We generally recognize revenue over time throughout the performance period as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided on our services-type revenue arrangements. This continuous transfer of control for our U.S. government contracts is supported by the unilateral right of our customer to terminate the contract for a variety of reasons without having to provide justification for its decision. For our services-type revenue arrangements in which there are a repetitive amount of services that are substantially the same from one month to the next, the Company applies the series guidance. We use a variety of input and output methods that approximate the progress towards complete satisfaction of the performance obligation, including: costs incurred, labor hours expended, and time-elapsed measures for our fixed-price stand ready obligations. For certain contracts, primarily our cost-plus and T&M services-type revenue arrangements, we apply the right-to-invoice practical expedient in which revenue is recognized in direct proportion to our present right to consideration for progress towards the complete satisfaction of the performance obligation. When a performance obligation has a significant degree of interrelation or interdependence between one month’s deliverables and the next, when there is an award or incentive fee, or when there is a significant degree of customization or modification, the Company generally records revenue using a percentage of completion methodology. For these revenue arrangements, substantially all revenue is recognized over time using a cost-to-cost input method based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to total estimated costs at completion. When estimates of total costs to be incurred on a contract exceed total revenue, a provision for the entire loss on the contract is recorded in the period in which the loss is determined. Contract modifications are reviewed to determine whether they should be accounted for as part of the original performance obligation or as a separate contract. When a contract modification changes the scope or price and the additional performance obligations are at their standalone selling price, the original contract is terminated and the Company accounts for the change prospectively when the new goods or services to be transferred are distinct from those already provided. When the contract modification includes goods or services that are not distinct from those already provided, the Company records a cumulative adjustment to revenue based on a remeasurement of progress towards the complete satisfaction of the not yet fully delivered performance obligation. Based on the critical nature of our contractual performance obligations, the Company may proceed with work based on customer direction prior to the completion and signing of formal contract documents. The Company has a formal review process for approving any such work that considers previous experiences with the customer, communications with the customer regarding funding status, and our knowledge of available funding for the contract or program. Costs of Revenue Costs of revenue includes all direct contract costs such as labor, materials, subcontractor costs, and indirect costs that are allowable and allocable to contracts under federal procurement standards. Costs of revenue also includes expenses that are unallowable under applicable procurement standards and are not allocable to contracts for billing purposes. Such unallowable expenses do not directly generate revenue but are necessary for business operations. Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Accounts receivable are recorded at amounts earned less an allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company periodically reassesses its allowance for doubtful accounts by analyzing reasonably available information as of the balance sheet date, including the length of time that the receivable has been outstanding, historical bad debts and aging trends, and other general and contract specific factors. Upon determination that a specific receivable is uncollectible, the receivable is written off against the allowance for doubtful accounts reserve. Contract Assets Contract assets include unbilled receivables in which our right to consideration is conditional on factors other than the passage of time. Contract assets exclude billed and billable receivables. In addition, the costs to fulfill and obtain a contract are considered for capitalization based on contract specific facts and circumstances. The incremental costs to fulfill a contract (e.g. ramp up costs at the beginning of the period of performance) may be capitalized when expenses are incurred prior to satisfying a performance obligation. The incremental costs of obtaining a contract (e.g. sales commissions) are capitalized as an asset when the Company expects to recover them either directly or indirectly through the revenue arrangement’s profit margins. These capitalized costs are subsequently expensed over the revenue arrangement’s period of performance. The Company has elected to apply the practical expedient to immediately expense the costs to obtain a contract when the performance obligation will be completed within twelve months of contract inception. Contract assets are periodically reassessed based on reasonably available information as of the balance sheet date to ensure they do not exceed their net realizable value. Contract Liabilities Contract liabilities primarily include advance payments received from a customer in excess of revenue that may be recognized as of the balance sheet date. The advance payment is subsequently recognized into revenue as the performance obligation is satisfied. Remaining Performance Obligations The Company’s remaining performance obligations balance represents the expected revenue to be recognized for the satisfaction of remaining performance obligations on our existing contracts as of period end. The remaining performance obligations balance excludes unexercised contract option years and task orders that may be issued underneath an Indefinite Delivery/Indefinite Quantity (IDIQ) vehicle until such task orders are issued. The remaining performance obligations balance generally increases with the execution of new contracts and converts into revenue as our contractual performance obligations are satisfied. The Company continues to monitor our remaining performance obligations balance as it is subject to change from execution of new contracts, contract modifications or extensions, government deobligations, or early terminations. Based on this analysis, an adjustment to the period end balance may be required. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all investments with an original maturity of three months or less on their trade date to be cash equivalents. The Company classifies investments with an original maturity of more than three months but less than twelve months on their trade date as short-term marketable securities. Accounting for Business Combinations and Goodwill The purchase price of an acquired business is allocated to the tangible assets and separately identifiable intangible assets acquired less liabilities assumed based upon their respective fair values, with the excess recorded as goodwill. Determining the fair value of the acquired intangibles requires significant judgment in selecting underlying assumptions, including projected revenue growth rates, profit margins, and discount rates. In some cases, the Company uses discounted cash flow analyses, which were based on our best estimate of future sales, earnings and cash flows after considering such factors as general market conditions, customer budgets, existing firm and future orders, changes in working capital, long-term business plans and recent operating performance. Use of different estimates and judgments could yield materially different results. The Company evaluates goodwill at least annually for impairment, or whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. The evaluation includes comparing the fair value of the relevant reporting unit to the carrying value, including goodwill, of such unit. The level at which the Company tests goodwill for impairment requires management to determine whether the operations below the operating segments constitute a self-sustaining business for which discrete financial information is available and segment management regularly reviews the operating results. If the fair value exceeds the carrying value, no impairment loss is recognized. However, if the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the goodwill of the reporting unit may be impaired. Impairment is measured by comparing the implied fair value of the goodwill to its carrying value. Separately identifiable intangible assets with estimable useful lives are amortized over their respective estimated useful lives to their estimated residual values, and reviewed for impairment if impairment indicators are present. As part of the annual assessment, the Company estimates the fair value of its reporting units using both an income approach and a market approach. The valuation process considers management’s estimates of the future operating performance of each reporting unit. Companies in similar industries are researched and analyzed and management considers the domestic and international economic and financial market conditions, both in general and specific to the industry in which the Company operates, prevailing as of the valuation date. The income approach utilizes discounted cash flows. The Company calculates a weighted average cost of capital for each reporting unit in order to estimate the discounted cash flows. The Company evaluates goodwill as of the first day of the fiscal fourth quarter. In addition, the Company will perform interim impairment testing should circumstances requiring it arise. The Company completed its annual goodwill assessment as of April 1, 2020 and no impairment charge was necessary as a result of this assessment. Leases The Company enters into contractual arrangements primarily for the use of real estate facilities, information technology equipment, and certain other equipment. These arrangements contain a lease when the Company controls the underlying asset and has the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits or outputs from the asset. All of our leases are operating leases. The Company records a right of use (ROU) asset and lease liability as of the lease commencement date equal to the present value of the remaining lease payments. Most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate that can be readily determined. Therefore, we use a discount rate based on the Company’s incremental borrowing rate, which is determined using our credit rating and information available as of the commencement date. The ROU asset is then adjusted for initial direct costs and certain lease incentives included in the contractual arrangement. The Company has elected to not apply the lease recognition guidance for short-term equipment leases and to separate lease from non-lease components. Our operating lease arrangements may contain options to extend the lease term or for early termination. We account for these options when it is reasonably certain we will exercise them. ROU assets are evaluated for impairment in a manner consistent with the treatment of other long-lived assets. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and is recorded primarily within indirect costs and selling expenses on the consolidated statement of operations. Variable lease expenses are generally recorded in the period they are incurred and are excluded from the ROU asset and lease liability. Long-Lived Assets (Excluding Goodwill) Long-lived assets such as property and equipment and intangible assets subject to amortization are reviewed for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be fully recoverable. An impairment loss would be recognized if the sum of the long-term undiscounted cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the long-lived asset being evaluated. Any write-downs are treated as permanent reductions in the carrying amount of the assets. Property and equipment is recorded at cost. Depreciation of equipment and furniture has been provided over the estimated useful life of the respective assets (ranging from three to eight years) using the straight-line method. Leasehold improvements are generally amortized using the straight-line method over the remaining lease term or the useful life of the improvements, whichever is shorter. Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Separately identifiable definite-lived intangible assets are amortized over their respective estimated useful lives. External Software Development Costs Costs incurred in creating a software product to be sold or licensed for external use are expensed as incurred until technological feasibility has been established. Technological feasibility is established upon completion of a detailed program design or, in its absence, completion of a working model. Thereafter, all such software development costs are capitalized and subsequently reported at the lower of unamortized cost or estimated net realizable value. Capitalized costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining estimated economic life of the product. Supplemental Retirement Savings Plan The Company maintains the CACI International Inc Group Executive Retirement Plan (the Supplemental Savings Plan) and maintains the underlying assets in a Rabbi Trust. The Supplemental Savings Plan is a non-qualified defined contribution supplemental retirement savings plan for certain key employees whereby participants may elect to defer and contribute a portion of their compensation, as permitted by the plan. Each participant directs his or her investments in the Supplemental Savings Plan (see Note 21). A Rabbi Trust is a grantor trust established to fund compensation for a select group of management. The assets of this trust are available to satisfy the claims of general creditors in the event of bankruptcy of the Company. The assets held by the Rabbi Trust are invested in corporate owned life insurance (COLI) products. The COLI products are recorded at cash surrender value in the consolidated financial statements as supplemental retirement savings plan assets. The amounts due to participants are based on contributions, participant investment elections, and other participant activity and are recorded as supplemental retirement savings plan obligations. Income Taxes Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method whereby deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the consolidated financial statement carrying amounts of assets and liabilities, and their respective tax bases, and operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. The Company accounts for tax contingencies in accordance with ASC 740-10-25, Income Taxes – Recognition. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities due to a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Estimates of the realizability of deferred tax assets are based on the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies. Any interest or penalties incurred in connection with income taxes are recorded as part of income tax expense for financial reporting purposes. Costs of Acquisitions Costs associated with legal, financial and other professional advisors related to acquisitions, whether successful or unsuccessful, are expensed as incurred. Foreign Currency Translation The assets and liabilities of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries whose functional currency is other than the U.S. dollar are translated at the exchange rate in effect on the reporting date, and income and expenses are translated at the weighted-average exchange rate during the period. The Company’s primary practice is to negotiate contracts in the same currency in which the predominant expenses are incurred, thereby mitigating the exposure to foreign currency fluctuations. The net translation gains and losses are not included in net income, but are accumulated as a separate component of shareholders’ equity. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are recorded as incurred in indirect costs and selling expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Earnings Per Share Basic earnings per share excludes dilution and is computed by dividing income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share reflects potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock but not securities that are anti-dilutive, including stock options and stock settled stock appreciation rights (SSARs) with an exercise price greater than the average market price of the Company’s common stock. Using the treasury stock method, diluted earnings per share includes the incremental effect of SSARs, stock options, restricted shares, and those restricted stock units (RSUs) that are no longer subject to a market or performance condition. Information about the weighted-average number of basic and diluted shares is presented in Note 24. Fair Value of Financial Instruments The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and amounts included in other current assets and current liabilities that meet the definition of a financial instrument approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of these amounts. The fair value of the Company’s debt under its bank credit facility approximates its carrying value at June 30, 2020. The fair value of the Company’s debt under its bank credit facility was estimated using Level 2 inputs based on market data on companies with a corporate rating similar to CACI’s that have recently priced credit facilities. Concentrations of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to credit risk include accounts receivable and cash equivalents. Management believes that credit risk related to the Company’s accounts receivable is limited due to a large number of customers in differing segments and agencies of the U.S. government. Accounts receivable credit risk is also limited due to the credit worthiness of the U.S. government. Management believes the credit risk associated with the Company’s cash equivalents is limited due to the credit worthiness of the obligors of the investments underlying the cash equivalents. In addition, although the Company maintains cash balances at financial institutions that exceed federally insured limits, these balances are placed with high quality financial institutions. Accounting for Sales of Financial Assets The Company accounts for receivable transfers under its Master Accounts Receivable Purchase Agreement (MARPA) as sales under ASC 860, Transfers and Servicing, and derecognizes the sold receivables from its balance sheets. Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Comprehensive income is the change in equity of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. Other comprehensive income (loss) refers to revenue, expenses, and gains and losses that under U.S. GAAP are included in comprehensive income, but excluded from the determination of net income. The elements within other comprehensive income consist of foreign currency translation adjustments; the changes in the fair value of interest rate swap agreements, net of tax of $8.7 million, $6.4 million and $4.2 million for the years ended June 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively; and differences between actual amounts and estimates based on actuarial assumptions and the effect of changes in actuarial assumptions made under the Company’s post-retirement benefit plans, net of tax (see Note 17). As of June 30, 2020 and 2019, accumulated other comprehensive loss included a loss of $38.6 million and $33.6 million, respectively, related to foreign currency translation adjustments, a loss of $33.2 million and $9.0 million, respectively, related to the fair value of its interest rate swap agreements, and a loss of $0.5 million and $0.6 million, respectively, related to unrecognized post-retirement costs. Commitments and Contingencies The Company is involved in various lawsuits, claims, and administrative proceedings arising in the normal course of business. Management is of the opinion that any liability or loss associated with such matters, either individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s operations and liquidity. Liabilities for loss contingencies arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines and penalties and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment and/or remediation can be reasonably estimated.

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