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BUSINESS SEGMENTS
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
SEGMENTS AND RELATED INFORMATION
16. BUSINESS SEGMENTS
The Company has operating segments comprising three strategic business units consisting of EES, CSS and UBS. These operating segments are equivalent to the Company's reportable segments. The Company's chief operating decision maker evaluates the performance of its operating segments based primarily on net sales, adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”), and adjusted EBITDA margin percentage.
The Company incurs corporate costs primarily related to treasury, tax, information technology, legal and other centralized functions. The Company also has various corporate assets. Segment assets may not include jointly used assets, but segment results include depreciation expense or other allocations related to those assets. Interest expense and other non-operating items are either not allocated to the segments or reviewed on a segment basis. Corporate expenses and assets not directly identifiable with a reportable segment are reported in the tables below to reconcile the reportable segments to the consolidated financial statements.
The following is a description of each of the Company's reportable segments and their business activities.
Electrical & Electronic Solutions
The EES segment, with approximately 7,000 employees supporting customers in more than 50 countries, supplies a broad range of products and solutions primarily to the construction, industrial and original equipment manufacturer (“OEM”) markets. The product portfolio in this business includes a broad range of electrical equipment and supplies, automation and connected devices (the “Internet of Things” or “IoT”), security, lighting, wire and cable, safety, and maintenance, repair and operating (“MRO”) products from industry-leading manufacturing partners. The EES service portfolio includes contractor solutions to improve project execution, direct and indirect manufacturing supply chain optimization programs, lighting and renewables advisory services, and digital and automation solutions to improve safety and productivity.
Communications & Security Solutions
The CSS segment, with over 4,600 employees supporting customers in more than 50 countries, is a global leader in the network infrastructure and security markets. CSS sells products directly to end-users or through various channels including data communications contractors, security, network, professional audio/visual and systems integrators. In addition to the core network infrastructure and security portfolio, CSS has a broad offering of safety and energy management solutions. CSS products are often combined with supply chain services to increase efficiency and productivity, including installation enhancement, project deployment, advisory, and IoT and digital services.
Utility & Broadband Solutions
The UBS segment, with over 2,700 employees supporting customers primarily in the U.S. and Canada, provides products and services to investor-owned utilities, public power companies, including municipalities, as well as global service providers, wireless providers, broadband operators and the contractors that service these customers. The UBS segment also includes Wesco’s integrated supply business, which provides products and services to large industrial and commercial end-users to support their MRO spend. The products sold into the utility and broadband markets include wire and cable, transformers, transmission and distribution hardware, switches, protective devices, connectors, lighting, conduit, fiber and copper cable, connectivity products, pole line hardware, racks, cabinets, safety and MRO products, and point-to-point wireless devices. The UBS segment also offers a complete set of service solutions to improve customer supply chain efficiencies.
The following tables set forth financial information by reportable segment for the periods presented:
(In thousands)Year Ended December 31, 2022
EESCSSUBSCorporateTotal
Net sales$8,823,331$6,401,468$6,195,317$—$21,420,116
Adjusted EBITDA851,266599,000677,255(401,939)1,725,582
Adjusted EBITDA Margin %9.6 %9.4 %10.9 %8.1 %
Supplemental information:
Depreciation and amortization$42,621$68,448$23,251$44,694$179,014
Capital expenditures9,0654,7939,19376,36199,412
Year Ended December 31, 2021
(In thousands)EESCSSUBSCorporateTotal
Net sales$7,621,263$5,715,238$4,881,011$—$18,217,512
Adjusted EBITDA604,461480,820428,367(337,965)1,175,683
Adjusted EBITDA Margin %7.9 %8.4 %8.8 %6.5 %
Supplemental information:
Depreciation and amortization$55,998$82,870$22,447$37,239$198,554
Capital expenditures4,4693,1975,20741,87354,746
Year Ended December 31, 2020
(In thousands)EESCSSUBSCorporateTotal
Net sales$5,479,760$3,323,264$3,522,971$—$12,325,995
Adjusted EBITDA308,327280,656265,593(194,259)660,317
Adjusted EBITDA Margin %5.6 %8.4 %7.5 %5.4 %
Supplemental information:
Depreciation and amortization$35,811$37,765$22,380$25,644$121,600
Capital expenditures7,0811,49512,83435,26156,671
The following table sets forth total assets by reportable segment for the periods presented:
As of
December 31, 2022
(In thousands)EESCSSUBS
Corporate(1)
Total
Total assets$4,480,336 $5,503,971 $3,827,439 $999,940 $14,811,686 
As of
December 31, 2021
(In thousands)EESCSSUBS
Corporate(1)
Total
Total assets$4,098,335 $4,601,132 $3,266,231 $652,001 $12,617,699 
(1)Total assets for Corporate primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents, deferred income taxes, fixed assets, capitalized cloud computing arrangement costs, right-of-use assets associated with operating leases, and pension assets.
The following table sets forth tangible long-lived assets, which include property, buildings and equipment, and operating lease assets, by geographic area:
As of December 31,
20222021
(In thousands)  
United States$790,120 $698,942 
Canada166,965 141,380 
Other International(1)
70,671 69,553 
Total $1,027,756 $909,875 
(1)    No individual other international country's tangible long-lived assets are material.
The following tables reconcile net income attributable to common stockholders to adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin % by segment, which are non-GAAP financial measures, for the periods presented:
Year Ended December 31, 2022
(In thousands)EESCSSUBSCorporateTotal
Net income attributable to common stockholders$801,283$526,985$648,478$(1,173,683)$803,063
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests158——1,4931,651
Preferred stock dividends———57,40857,408
Provision for income taxes———274,529274,529
Interest expense, net———294,420294,420
Depreciation and amortization42,62168,44823,25144,694179,014
Other (income) expense, net(2,022)(1,292)1,9928,3367,014
Stock-based compensation expense(1)
9,2264,8593,53423,41841,037
Merger-related and integration costs———67,44667,446
Adjusted EBITDA$851,266$599,000$677,255$(401,939)$1,725,582
Adjusted EBITDA margin %9.6 %9.4 %10.9 %8.1 %
(1) Stock-based compensation expense in the calculation of adjusted EBITDA for the year ended December 31, 2022 excludes $5.4 million as such amount is included in merger-related and integration costs.
Year Ended December 31, 2021
(In thousands)EESCSSUBSCorporateTotal
Net income attributable to common stockholders$543,633$394,031$412,698$(942,388)$407,974
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests298——7221,020
Preferred stock dividends———57,40857,408
Provision for income taxes———115,510115,510
Interest expense, net———268,073268,073
Depreciation and amortization55,99882,87022,44737,239198,554
Other (income) expense, net(1)
(1,872)1,31242(47,594)(48,112)
Stock-based compensation expense(2)
6,4042,6072,10714,58125,699
Merger-related and integration costs———158,484158,484
Net gain on divestitures——(8,927)—(8,927)
Adjusted EBITDA$604,461$480,820$428,367$(337,965)$1,175,683
Adjusted EBITDA margin %7.9 %8.4 %8.8 %6.5 %
(1) Corporate other non-operating income in the calculation of adjusted EBITDA for the year ended December 31, 2021 includes a $36.6 million curtailment gain resulting from the remeasurement of the Company's pension obligations in the U.S. and Canada due to amending certain terms of such defined benefit plans.
(2) Stock-based compensation expense in the calculation of adjusted EBITDA for the year ended December 31, 2021 excludes $5.1 million as such amount is included in merger-related and integration costs.
Year Ended December 31, 2020
(In thousands)EESCSSUBSCorporateTotal
Net income attributable to common stockholders$262,829$217,211$231,678$(641,297)$70,421
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests(842)——321(521)
Preferred stock dividends———30,13930,139
Provision for income taxes———22,80322,803
Interest expense, net———226,591226,591
Depreciation and amortization35,81137,76522,38025,644121,600
Other (income) expense, net(1,780)(48)24(591)(2,395)
Stock-based compensation expense(1)
4,0801,4031,3369,89516,714
Merger-related and integration costs———132,236132,236
Merger-related fair value adjustments15,41122,0006,282—43,693
Out-of-period adjustment12,6342,3253,893—18,852
Gain on sale of asset(19,816)———(19,816)
Adjusted EBITDA$308,327$280,656$265,593$(194,259)$660,317
Adjusted EBITDA margin %5.6 %8.4 %7.5 %5.4 %
(1) Stock-based compensation expense in the calculation of adjusted EBITDA for the year ended December 31, 2020 excludes $2.6 million as such amount is included in merger-related and integration costs.
Note: Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin % are non-GAAP financial measures that provide indicators of the Company's performance and its ability to meet debt service requirements. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization before other non-operating expenses (income), non-cash stock-based compensation expense, merger-related and integration costs and fair value adjustments, an out-of-period adjustment related to inventory cost absorption accounting, and net gains on the divestiture of Wesco's legacy utility and data communications businesses in Canada and sale of an operating branch in the U.S. Adjusted EBITDA margin % is calculated by dividing Adjusted EBITDA by net sales.