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Shareholders' Equity | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2012
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract] |
Shareholders' Equity | Shareholders’ Equity Stock-Based Compensation The Company currently has one active equity compensation plan, the 2007 Equity Compensation Plan (the 2007 Plan), which provides for the grant of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options and stock appreciation rights with respect to up to 20 million shares of common stock of the Company, subject to adjustment for stock splits, reclassifications, mergers and other events. Permitted grantees under the 2007 Plan include employees, non-employee directors and consultants who perform services for the Company. The plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company. The Company has only granted non-qualified stock options under the plan. The Company discontinued any further grants under the Company’s 1998 Equity Compensation Plan (the 1998 Plan) as a result of the approval of the 2007 Plan. There are no options available for grant from this plan. Grants made from the 1998 Plan continue in effect under the terms of the grant. All outstanding stock options have performance-based vesting provisions that tie the vesting of stock options to the Company’s financial performance. The Company’s stock options vest at a rate of 50 percent when a specified diluted earnings per share target is achieved, and the remaining 50 percent when a second, higher specified diluted earnings per share target is achieved. Stock options granted prior to 2006 fully vest after 7 years from the date of grant. Beginning in 2006, the 7 year vesting trigger was eliminated and, as a result, options do not vest due to the passage of time but solely as a result of achievement of the financial vesting targets. Earnings per share targets are calculated exclusive of stock-based compensation expense, net of tax. The diluted earnings per share targets are established at time of grant and are measured annually on December 31. The amount of stock-based compensation expense is based upon management’s estimate of when the earnings per share targets may be achieved. If management’s estimate of the attainment of the earnings per share targets proves to be inaccurate, the remaining amount of stock-based compensation expense could be accelerated, spread out over a longer period, or reversed. This may cause volatility in the recognition of stock-based compensation expense in future periods and could materially affect the Company’s net income and net income per share. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of stock options. The determination of the fair value of stock options on the date of grant using an option-pricing model is affected by the price of the Company’s common stock as well as other variables. These variables include expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards, actual and projected employee stock exercise behaviors, risk-free interest rate and expected dividends. The Company primarily uses historical data to estimate the variables used in the option-pricing model except expected volatility. The Company uses a combination of historical and implied volatility. The Company estimates forfeitures at the time of grant and may revise those estimates in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. The Company uses historical data to estimate pre-vesting forfeitures and record stock-based compensation expense only for those awards that are expected to vest. Stock-based compensation is amortized over the requisite service periods of the awards, which are generally the vesting periods. The weighted average fair value of the Company’s stock options granted during 2012, 2011 and 2010 were $6.73, $5.70 and $9.65, respectively, using the following assumptions:
|  | 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Expected term (in years) |  | 6.75 |  |  | 7.65 |  |  | 7.45 |
Expected volatility |  | 34.90 | % |  | 40.43 | % |  | 36.35 | %
Expected dividend yield |  | 1.46 | % |  | 1.90 | % |  | 0.84 | %
Risk-free interest rate |  | 1.03 | % |  | 1.66 | % |  | 3.01 | %
The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense in its Consolidated Financial Statements in 2012, 2011 and 2010 as follows:
|  | 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Stock-based compensation expense |  | $ | 15,736 |  |  | $ | 14,112 |  |  | $ | 26,783 |
Less: Deferred tax benefit |  | (5,650 | ) |  | (5,332 | ) |  | (10,068 | )
Stock-based compensation expense, net of tax |  | $ | 10,086 |  |  | $ | 8,780 |  |  | $ | 16,715 |
During 2010, the Company revised its estimates of when some vesting targets are expected to be achieved. These changes in management’s estimates resulted in an increase of $11,663 in stock-based compensation expense in 2010. Additionally, during the three months ended September 30, 2010, the Company reversed $6,375 of previously-recognized stock-based compensation costs pertaining to option grants which management does not expect to vest. Management does not expect to recognize any compensation cost associated with these option grants. As of December 31, 2010, these option grants have an unrecognized compensation cost of $27,460. As of December 31, 2012, there was approximately $50,264 of unrecognized compensation cost remaining, adjusted for estimated forfeitures, related to unvested employee stock options that the Company expects will vest and is being amortized. This table presents certain information relating to the Company’s stock option plans for 2012, 2011, and 2010:
|  | Number of Shares |  | Weighted Avg. Price
Balance as of December 31, 2009 |  | 28,964,000 |  |  | $ | 20.09 |
Granted |  | 2,883,000 |  |  | 23.84 |
Exercised |  | (1,633,000 | ) |  | 16.04 |
Expired or canceled |  | (2,333,000 | ) |  | 23.68 |
Balance as of December 31, 2010 |  | 27,881,000 |  |  | $ | 20.42 |
Granted |  | 2,534,000 |  |  | 15.77 |
Exercised |  | (1,364,000 | ) |  | 16.37 |
Expired or canceled |  | (2,008,000 | ) |  | 22.07 |
Balance as of December 31, 2011 |  | 27,043,000 |  |  | $ | 20.06 |
Granted |  | 2,470,000 |  |  | 22.40 |
Exercised |  | (3,136,000 | ) |  | 15.19 |
Expired or canceled |  | (767,000 | ) |  | 22.61 |
Balance as of December 31, 2012 |  | 25,610,000 |  |  | $ | 20.81 |
Exercisable as of December 31, 2012 |  | 9,760,000 |  |  | $ | 18.11 |
Available for future grant as of December 31, 2012 |  | 2,569,000 |  |  |
As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, there were 11,680,000 and 14,247,000 shares exercisable, respectively. The expiration dates for options outstanding at December 31, 2012 range from December 16, 2013 to December 11, 2022 with a weighted average remaining contractual life of 5.9 years. Upon exercise of stock options, the Company will issue new shares of its common shares. The Company does not hold any shares in treasury. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during 2012 and 2011 was $19,565 and $8,642, respectively. The total options exercisable as of December 31, 2012 had an intrinsic value of $51,087. The total options outstanding as of December 31, 2012 had an intrinsic value of $64,823. The total intrinsic value for options outstanding and options exercisable is calculated as the difference between the market value of the Company’s common stock as of December 31, 2012 and the exercise price of the shares. The market value of the Company’s common stock as of December 31, 2012 was $23.34 as reported by the Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC. This table summarizes information relating to all options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2012:
|  |  |  | Options Outstanding at December 31, 2012 |  | Options Exercisable at December 31, 2012
Range of Exercise Prices (Per Share) |  | Number of Shares |  | Weighted Average Exercise Price (Per Share) |  | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years) |  | Number of Shares |  | Weighted Average Exercise Price (Per Share) |  | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
$ | 14.62 |  | - | 15.52 |  | 5,065,000 |  |  | $ | 14.69 |  |  | 4.36 |  | 3,153,000 |  |  | $ | 14.73 |  |  | 3.36 |
15.77 |  | - | 17.65 |  | 5,999,000 |  |  | 16.87 |  |  | 7.81 |  | 1,647,000 |  |  | 17.63 |  |  | 6.92 |
18.00 |  | - | 21.55 |  | 4,981,000 |  |  | 20.37 |  |  | 2.57 |  | 4,945,000 |  |  | 20.39 |  |  | 2.51 |
22.45 |  | - | 23.86 |  | 5,143,000 |  |  | 23.19 |  |  | 8.94 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
27.03 |  | - | 32.49 |  | 4,422,000 |  |  | 30.88 |  |  | 4.46 |  | 15,000 |  |  | 27.03 |  |  | 4.00 |
|  |  |  | 25,610,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 9,760,000 |  |  |  |  |
Employee Stock Purchase Plan The Company has an employee stock purchase plan that provides for offerings of common stock to eligible employees at a price equal to 85 percent of the fair market value of the stock at the end of the stock purchase period, as defined. The Company has reserved 15,600,000 shares for issuance under this plan. At December 31, 2012, 11,580,000 cumulative shares have been issued. There were no material costs incurred by the Company related to the employee stock purchase plan in 2012, 2011 and 2010. Common Stock Buyback The Board of Directors, under multiple authorizations, has authorized the purchase of the Company’s common stock on the open market or through private transactions. As of December 31, 2012, the Company had approximately $91,012 of authorization remaining for the purchase of common stock. The following table provides the total number of shares repurchased and the related total costs in 2012, 2011 and 2010:
Year |  | Total Number of Shares Repurchased |  | Total Cost
2012 |  | 7,528,000 |  |  | $ | 155,264 |
2011 |  | 11,109,000 |  |  | 211,165 |
2010 |  | 5,814,000 |  |  | 120,982 |
The Company immediately retires its common stock when purchased. Upon retirement, the Company reduces Capital in excess of par value for the average capital per share outstanding and the remainder is charged against Retained earnings. If the Company reduces its Retained earnings to zero, any subsequent purchases of common stock will be charged entirely to Capital in excess of par value. Rights Agreement In December 2008, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a dividend distribution pursuant to a Rights Agreement (the Rights Agreement) which became effective on January 6, 2009. The purpose of the Rights Agreement is to deter coercive or unfair takeover tactics and to prevent a person or group (an Acquiring Person) from acquiring control of the Company without offering a fair price to all shareholders. Under the Rights Agreement, all common shareholders receive one Right for each common share outstanding. Each Right entitles the registered holder to purchase from the Company a unit consisting of one twenty-thousandths of a share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Shares, $0.05 par value per share, or a combination of securities and assets of equivalent value, at a purchase price of $150.00 per unit, subject to adjustment. The Rights will become exercisable and trade separately from the common stock ten days following a public announcement that an Acquiring Person has beneficial ownership of more than 20 percent of the outstanding common stock of the Company or the commencement of a tender or exchange offer that would result in an Acquiring Person owning 20 percent or more of the outstanding common stock of the Company. Upon exercise, holders, other than an Acquiring Person, will have the right to purchase the common stock of the Company equal to twice the value of the exercise price of the Rights. In lieu of requiring payment of the purchase price upon exercise of the Rights following certain events, the Company may permit the holders simply to surrender the Rights, in which event they will be entitled to receive common shares and other property, as the case may be, with a value of 50 percent of what could be purchased by payment of the full purchase price. The Rights, which do not have voting rights, will expire on January 6, 2019, and may be redeemed by the Company any time until ten days following the announcement of an Acquiring Person at a price of $0.01 per Right. Cash Dividends On May 23, 2012, the Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.15 per share on the Company’s common stock, which was paid on June 26, 2012, to shareholders of record on June 18, 2012. On December 11, 2012, the Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.16 per share on the Company’s common stock, which was paid on December 28, 2012, to shareholders of record on December 21, 2012. Also on December 11, 2012, the Board of Directors declared a special cash dividend of $0.32 per share in the Company’s common stock, which was paid on December 28, 2012 to shareholders of record on December 21, 2012. The cash dividends declared in 2012, 2011, and 2010 were $108,817, $48,558, and $37,513 respectively. The Board of Directors has indicated its intention to declare future cash dividends on a semiannual basis. Noncontrolling Interest The following table provides a reconciliation of Noncontrolling interest on the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity:
Year Ended December 31, |  | 2012 |  | 2011 |  | 2010
Noncontrolling interest |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | $ | 16,143 |  |  | $ | 15,155 |  |  | $ | 121,895 |
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest |  | 1,186 |  |  | 1,691 |  |  | 1,633 |
Foreign currency translation adjustments |  | 1,820 |  |  | (703 | ) |  | 685 |
Deconsolidation of LSV |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (65,522 | )
Deconsolidation of LSV Employee Group |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (43,536 | )
Ending balance |  | $ | 19,149 |  |  | $ | 16,143 |  |  | $ | 15,155 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for shareholders' equity, comprised of portions attributable to the parent entity and noncontrolling interest, if any, including other comprehensive income (as applicable). Including, but not limited to: (1) balances of common stock, preferred stock, additional paid-in capital, other capital and retained earnings; (2) accumulated balance for each classification of other comprehensive income and total amount of comprehensive income; (3) amount and nature of changes in separate accounts, including the number of shares authorized and outstanding, number of shares issued upon exercise and conversion, and for other comprehensive income, the adjustments for reclassifications to net income; (4) rights and privileges of each class of stock authorized; (5) basis of treasury stock, if other than cost, and amounts paid and accounting treatment for treasury stock purchased significantly in excess of market; (6) dividends paid or payable per share and in the aggregate for each class of stock for each period presented; (7) dividend restrictions and accumulated preferred dividends in arrears (in aggregate and per share amount); (8) retained earnings appropriations or restrictions, such as dividend restrictions; (9) impact of change in accounting principle, initial adoption of new accounting principle and correction of an error in previously issued financial statements; (10) shares held in trust for Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP); (11) deferred compensation related to issuance of capital stock; (12) note received for issuance of stock; (13) unamortized discount on shares; (14) description, terms, and number of warrants or rights outstanding; (15) shares under subscription and subscription receivables, effective date of new retained earnings after quasi-reorganization and deficit eliminated by quasi-reorganization and, for a period of at least ten years after the effective date, the point in time from which the new retained dates; and (16) retroactive effective of subsequent change in capital structure. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher SEC -Name Regulation S-X (SX) -Number 210 -Section 04 -Article 3 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 5 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21488-112644 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher SEC -Name Regulation S-X (SX) -Number 210 -Section 02 -Paragraph 29, 30, 31 -Article 5 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher SEC -Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) -Number Topic 4 -Section E Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Glossary Preferred Stock -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6521494 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 11 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21564-112644 Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 4 -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 4.C) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6959260&loc=d3e187143-122770 Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21484-112644 Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 3 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21475-112644 Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 6 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21506-112644 Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 30 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6405834&loc=d3e23285-112656 Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher AICPA -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB) -Number 43 -Section B -Paragraph 7, 11A -Chapter 1 -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009. 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