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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
________________________________________
FORM 10-Q
________________________________________

☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2021
or

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OF 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from_________to ________
Commission File Number: 0-10200
________________________________________
________________________________________
SEI INVESTMENTS COMPANY
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
________________________________________

Pennsylvania |  | 23-1707341
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1 Freedom Valley Drive, Oaks, Pennsylvania 19456-1100
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)
(610) 676-1000
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
N/A
(Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, if Changed Since Last Report)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class |  | Trading Symbol |  | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share |  | SEIC |  | The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | x |  | Accelerated filer | ☐
Non-accelerated filer | ☐ |  | Smaller reporting company | ☐
Emerging growth company | ☐ |  |  |

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No x
The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock, as of the close of business on October 21, 2021:

Common Stock, $0.01 par value |  | 139,452,507 |

SEI INVESTMENTS COMPANY
TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION |  |
|  |  |  | Page
Item 1. | Financial Statements. |  |  | 2
| Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) -- September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 |  | 2
| Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) -- For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 |  | 4
| Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) -- For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 |  | 5
| Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (Unaudited) -- For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 |  | 6
| Consolidated Condensed Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) -- For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 |  | 8
| Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements |  | 9
Item 2. | Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. |  | 28
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk. |  | 43
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures. |  | 43
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION |  |
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings. |  | 45
Item 1A. | Risk Factors. |  | 45
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds. |  | 45
Item 6. | Exhibits. |  | 45
| Signatures |  | 46

1

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements.
SEI Investments Company
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(unaudited)
(In thousands, except par value)

| September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Assets |  |  |
Current Assets: |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 793,883 |  |  | $ | 784,626 |
Restricted cash | 351 |  |  | 3,101 |
Receivables from investment products | 59,808 |  |  | 55,271 |
Receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $2,669 and $1,100 | 442,187 |  |  | 385,219 |
Securities owned | 31,770 |  |  | 34,064 |
Other current assets | 42,615 |  |  | 38,696 |
Total Current Assets | 1,370,614 |  |  | 1,300,977 |
Property and Equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $400,679 and $378,639 | 183,802 |  |  | 189,052 |
Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets | 35,145 |  |  | 38,397 |
Capitalized Software, net of accumulated amortization of $531,923 and $491,739 | 250,280 |  |  | 270,977 |
Available for Sale and Equity Securities | 140,079 |  |  | 105,419 |
Investments in Affiliated Funds, at fair value | 6,893 |  |  | 6,166 |
Investment in Unconsolidated Affiliate | 39,872 |  |  | 98,433 |
Goodwill | 64,489 |  |  | 64,489 |
Intangible Assets, net of accumulated amortization of $15,768 and $12,456 | 31,992 |  |  | 24,304 |
Deferred Contract Costs | 34,263 |  |  | 33,781 |
Deferred Income Taxes | 2,148 |  |  | 2,972 |
Other Assets, net | 32,224 |  |  | 32,289 |
Total Assets | $ | 2,191,801 |  |  | $ | 2,167,256 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
2

SEI Investments Company
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(unaudited)
(In thousands, except par value)

| September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Liabilities and Equity |  |  |
Current Liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 10,772 |  |  | $ | 7,766 |
Accrued liabilities | 231,043 |  |  | 299,845 |
Current portion of long-term operating lease liabilities | 10,412 |  |  | 8,579 |
Deferred revenue | 1,235 |  |  | 1,085 |
Total Current Liabilities | 253,462 |  |  | 317,275 |
Long-term Income Taxes Payable | 803 |  |  | 803 |
Deferred Income Taxes | 47,434 |  |  | 55,159 |
Long-term Operating Lease Liabilities | 29,857 |  |  | 34,058 |
Other Long-term Liabilities | 22,157 |  |  | 20,054 |
Total Liabilities | 353,713 |  |  | 427,349 |
Commitments and Contingencies |  |  |
Shareholders' Equity: |  |  |
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 750,000 shares authorized; 139,305 and 143,396 shares issued and outstanding | 1,393 |  |  | 1,434 |
Capital in excess of par value | 1,228,085 |  |  | 1,190,001 |
Retained earnings | 629,153 |  |  | 565,270 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net | (20,543) |  |  | (16,798) |
Total Shareholders' Equity | 1,838,088 |  |  | 1,739,907 |
Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity | $ | 2,191,801 |  |  | $ | 2,167,256 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
3

SEI Investments Company
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share data)

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Asset management, administration and distribution fees | $ | 393,296 |  |  | $ | 339,609 |  |  | $ | 1,143,451 |  |  | $ | 992,039 |
Information processing and software servicing fees | 92,026 |  |  | 85,318 |  |  | 273,208 |  |  | 248,296 |
Total revenues | 485,322 |  |  | 424,927 |  |  | 1,416,659 |  |  | 1,240,335 |
Expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Subadvisory, distribution and other asset management costs | 55,619 |  |  | 45,126 |  |  | 161,610 |  |  | 134,645 |
Software royalties and other information processing costs | 7,348 |  |  | 6,992 |  |  | 20,561 |  |  | 21,828 |
Compensation, benefits and other personnel | 150,188 |  |  | 134,795 |  |  | 429,188 |  |  | 391,607 |
Stock-based compensation | 11,318 |  |  | 6,467 |  |  | 31,173 |  |  | 20,458 |
Consulting, outsourcing and professional fees | 55,868 |  |  | 57,949 |  |  | 165,657 |  |  | 168,350 |
Data processing and computer related | 26,650 |  |  | 24,437 |  |  | 79,746 |  |  | 71,647 |
Facilities, supplies and other costs | 14,124 |  |  | 16,679 |  |  | 49,851 |  |  | 47,448 |
Amortization | 14,674 |  |  | 13,200 |  |  | 43,749 |  |  | 39,417 |
Depreciation | 8,408 |  |  | 7,945 |  |  | 25,141 |  |  | 23,058 |
Total expenses | 344,197 |  |  | 313,590 |  |  | 1,006,676 |  |  | 918,458 |
Income from operations | 141,125 |  |  | 111,337 |  |  | 409,983 |  |  | 321,877 |
Net (loss) gain from investments | (575) |  |  | 776 |  |  | 134 |  |  | (1,310) |
Interest and dividend income | 892 |  |  | 1,009 |  |  | 2,715 |  |  | 5,582 |
Interest expense | (101) |  |  | (153) |  |  | (354) |  |  | (456) |
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate | 35,005 |  |  | 28,305 |  |  | 103,420 |  |  | 86,488 |
Income before income taxes | 176,346 |  |  | 141,274 |  |  | 515,898 |  |  | 412,181 |
Income taxes | 38,301 |  |  | 30,178 |  |  | 114,605 |  |  | 90,777 |
Net income | $ | 138,045 |  |  | $ | 111,096 |  |  | $ | 401,293 |  |  | $ | 321,404 |
Basic earnings per common share | $ | 0.98 |  |  | $ | 0.76 |  |  | $ | 2.83 |  |  | $ | 2.18 |
Shares used to compute basic earnings per share | 140,507 |  |  | 145,812 |  |  | 141,928 |  |  | 147,586 |
Diluted earnings per common share | $ | 0.97 |  |  | $ | 0.75 |  |  | $ | 2.79 |  |  | $ | 2.14 |
Shares used to compute diluted earnings per share | 142,426 |  |  | 147,907 |  |  | 143,981 |  |  | 149,958 |
Dividends declared per common share | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.37 |  |  | $ | 0.35 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
4

SEI Investments Company
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(unaudited)
(In thousands)

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Net income |  | $ | 138,045 |  |  | $ | 111,096 |  |  | $ | 401,293 |  |  | $ | 321,404 |
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustments |  | (5,546) |  |  | 7,085 |  |  | (2,867) |  |  | (5,051) |
Unrealized (loss) gain on investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized (losses) gains during the period, net of income taxes of $208, $154, $453 and $(218) |  | (713) |  |  | (542) |  |  | (1,548) |  |  | 702 |
Reclassification adjustment for losses realized in net income, net of income taxes of $(67), $(63), $(190) and $(126) |  | 238 |  |  | 238 |  |  | 670 |  |  | 455 |
Total other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax |  | (6,021) |  |  | 6,781 |  |  | (3,745) |  |  | (3,894) |
Comprehensive income |  | $ | 132,024 |  |  | $ | 117,877 |  |  | $ | 397,548 |  |  | $ | 317,510 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
5

SEI Investments Company
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
(unaudited)
(In thousands)

| Shares of Common Stock |  | Common Stock |  | Capital In Excess of Par Value |  | Retained Earnings |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Total Equity
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Balance, July 1, 2021 | 141,027 |  |  | $ | 1,410 |  |  | $ | 1,219,487 |  |  | $ | 599,231 |  |  | $ | (14,522) |  |  | $ | 1,805,606 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 138,045 |  |  | — |  |  | 138,045 |
Other comprehensive loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (6,021) |  |  | (6,021) |
Purchase and retirement of common stock | (1,980) |  |  | (21) |  |  | (11,751) |  |  | (108,123) |  |  | — |  |  | (119,895) |
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan | 22 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1,119 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,120 |
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options | 236 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 7,912 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,915 |
Stock-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11,318 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11,318 |
Balance, September 30, 2021 | 139,305 |  |  | $ | 1,393 |  |  | $ | 1,228,085 |  |  | $ | 629,153 |  |  | $ | (20,543) |  |  | $ | 1,838,088 |

| Shares of Common Stock |  | Common Stock |  | Capital In Excess of Par Value |  | Retained Earnings |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Total Equity
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Balance, July 1, 2020 | 146,445 |  |  | $ | 1,464 |  |  | $ | 1,174,411 |  |  | $ | 566,929 |  |  | $ | (34,179) |  |  | $ | 1,708,625 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 111,096 |  |  | — |  |  | 111,096 |
Other comprehensive income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,781 |  |  | 6,781 |
Purchase and retirement of common stock | (2,110) |  |  | (22) |  |  | (11,939) |  |  | (96,781) |  |  | — |  |  | (108,742) |
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan | 26 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1,152 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,153 |
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options | 130 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 4,051 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,053 |
Stock-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,467 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,467 |
Balance, September 30, 2020 | 144,491 |  |  | $ | 1,445 |  |  | $ | 1,174,142 |  |  | $ | 581,244 |  |  | $ | (27,398) |  |  | $ | 1,729,433 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
6

SEI Investments Company
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
(unaudited)
(In thousands)

| Shares of Common Stock |  | Common Stock |  | Capital In Excess of Par Value |  | Retained Earnings |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Total Equity
| For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Balance, January 1, 2021 | 143,396 |  |  | $ | 1,434 |  |  | $ | 1,190,001 |  |  | $ | 565,270 |  |  | $ | (16,798) |  |  | $ | 1,739,907 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 401,293 |  |  | — |  |  | 401,293 |
Other comprehensive loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (3,745) |  |  | (3,745) |
Purchase and retirement of common stock | (5,218) |  |  | (53) |  |  | (30,979) |  |  | (285,021) |  |  | — |  |  | (316,053) |
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan | 64 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 3,224 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,225 |
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options | 1,063 |  |  | 11 |  |  | 34,666 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 34,677 |
Stock-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | 31,173 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 31,173 |
Dividends declared ($0.37 per share) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (52,389) |  |  | — |  |  | (52,389) |
Balance, September 30, 2021 | 139,305 |  |  | $ | 1,393 |  |  | $ | 1,228,085 |  |  | $ | 629,153 |  |  | $ | (20,543) |  |  | $ | 1,838,088 |

| Shares of Common Stock |  | Common Stock |  | Capital In Excess of Par Value |  | Retained Earnings |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Total Equity
| For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Balance, January 1, 2020 | 149,745 |  |  | $ | 1,497 |  |  | $ | 1,158,900 |  |  | $ | 601,885 |  |  | $ | (23,504) |  |  | $ | 1,738,778 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 321,404 |  |  | — |  |  | 321,404 |
Other comprehensive loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (3,894) |  |  | (3,894) |
Purchase and retirement of common stock | (6,185) |  |  | (62) |  |  | (34,999) |  |  | (290,583) |  |  | — |  |  | (325,644) |
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan | 73 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 3,400 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,401 |
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options | 858 |  |  | 9 |  |  | 26,383 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 26,392 |
Stock-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | 20,458 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 20,458 |
Dividends declared ($0.35 per share) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (51,462) |  |  | — |  |  | (51,462) |
Balance, September 30, 2020 | 144,491 |  |  | $ | 1,445 |  |  | $ | 1,174,142 |  |  | $ | 581,244 |  |  | $ | (27,398) |  |  | $ | 1,729,433 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
7

SEI Investments Company
Consolidated Condensed Statements of Cash Flows
(unaudited)
(In thousands)

| Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2021 |  | 2020
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |
Net income | $ | 401,293 |  |  | $ | 321,404 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities (See Note 1) | 82,588 |  |  | 75,120 |
Net cash provided by operating activities | 483,881 |  |  | 396,524 |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |
Additions to property and equipment | (22,520) |  |  | (43,113) |
Additions to capitalized software | (19,486) |  |  | (18,640) |
Purchases of marketable securities | (168,333) |  |  | (114,407) |
Prepayments and maturities of marketable securities | 133,895 |  |  | 112,575 |
Sales of marketable securities | 327 |  |  | 842 |
Other investing activities | (11,425) |  |  | (1,500) |
Net cash used in investing activities | (87,542) |  |  | (64,243) |
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |
Payment of contingent consideration | (3,965) |  |  | (633) |
Purchase and retirement of common stock | (315,811) |  |  | (327,079) |
Proceeds from issuance of common stock | 37,902 |  |  | 29,793 |
Payment of dividends | (105,516) |  |  | (103,914) |
Net cash used in financing activities | (387,390) |  |  | (401,833) |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | (2,442) |  |  | (4,196) |
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | 6,507 |  |  | (73,748) |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period | 787,727 |  |  | 844,547 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period | $ | 794,234 |  |  | $ | 770,799 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
8

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(all figures are in thousands except share and per share data)
Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Nature of Operations
SEI Investments Company (the Company), a Pennsylvania corporation, provides comprehensive platforms, services and infrastructure—encompassing technology, operational, and investment management services—to help wealth managers, financial advisors, investment managers, family offices, institutional and private investors create and manage wealth.
Investment processing platforms provide technologies and business process outsourcing services for wealth managers and investment advisors. These solutions include investment advisory, client relationship, and other technology-enabled capabilities for the front office; administrative and investment services for the middle office; and accounting and processing services for the back office. Revenues from investment processing platforms are recognized in Information processing and software servicing fees on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Investment operations platforms provide business process outsourcing services for investment managers and asset owners. These platforms support a broad range of traditional and alternative investments and provide technology-enabled information analytics and investor capabilities for the front office; administrative and investment services for the middle office; and fund administration and accounting services for the back office. Revenues from investment operations platforms are recognized in Asset management, administration and distribution fees on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Investment management platforms provide comprehensive solutions for managing personal and institutional wealth. These platforms include goals-based investment strategies; SEI-sponsored investment products, including mutual funds, collective investment products, alternative investment portfolios and separately managed accounts (SMA); and other market-specific advice, technology and operational components. These platforms are offered to wealth managers as part of a complete goals-based investment program for their end-investors. For institutional investors, the Company provides Outsourced Chief Investment Officer (OCIO) solutions that include investment management programs, as well as advisory and administrative services. Revenues from investment management platforms are recognized in Asset management, administration and distribution fees on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Certain financial information and accompanying note disclosure normally included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K have been condensed or omitted. The interim financial information is unaudited but reflects all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair statement of financial position of the Company as of September 30, 2021, the results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, and cash flows for the nine-months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020. These interim Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.
There have been no significant changes in significant accounting policies during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the significant accounting policies described in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.
Variable Interest Entities
The Company or its affiliates have created numerous investment products for its clients in various types of legal entity structures. The Company serves as the Manager, Administrator and Distributor for these investment products and may also serve as the Trustee for some of the investment products. The Company receives asset management, distribution, administration and custodial fees for these services. Clients are the equity investors and participate in proportion to their ownership percentage in the net income or loss and net capital gains or losses of the products, and, on liquidation, will participate in proportion to their ownership percentage in the remaining net assets of the products after satisfaction of outstanding liabilities. The Company has concluded that it is not the primary beneficiary of the entities and, therefore, is not required to consolidate any of the pooled investment vehicles for which it receives asset management, distribution, administration and custodial fees under the VIE model.
The Company is a party to expense limitation agreements with certain SEI-sponsored money market funds subject to Rule 2a-7 of the Investment Company Act of 1940 which establish a maximum level of ordinary operating expenses incurred by the fund in any fiscal year including, but not limited to, fees of the administrator or its affiliates. Under the terms of these
9

agreements, the Company waived $11,629 and $8,575 in fees during the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company waived $33,118 and $24,930, respectively, in fees.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized when the transfer of control of promised goods or services under the terms of a contract with customers are satisfied in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those promised goods or services. Certain portions of the Company’s revenues involve a third party in providing goods or services to its customers. In such circumstances, the Company must determine whether the nature of its promise to the customer is to provide the underlying goods or services (the Company is the principal in the transaction and reports the transaction gross) or to arrange for a third party to provide the underlying goods or services (the entity is the agent in the transaction and reports the transaction net). See Note 13 for related disclosures regarding revenue recognition.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents includes $332,657 and $347,082 at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, primarily invested in SEI-sponsored open-ended money market mutual funds.
Restricted Cash
Restricted cash includes $250 and $3,000 at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, segregated for regulatory purposes related to trade-execution services conducted by SEI Investments (Europe) Limited. Restricted cash also includes $101 at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 segregated in special reserve accounts for the benefit of customers of the Company’s broker-dealer subsidiary, SEI Investments Distribution Co. (SIDCO), in accordance with certain rules established by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for broker-dealers.
Capitalized Software
The Company capitalized $19,486 and $18,640 of software development costs during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The Company's software development costs primarily relate to significant enhancements to the SEI Wealth Platform SM (SWP). The Company capitalized $19,387 and $17,208 of software development costs for significant enhancements to SWP during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. As of September 30, 2021, the net book value of SWP was $241,262. The net book value includes $22,702 of capitalized software development costs in-progress associated with future releases of SWP. Capitalized software development costs in-progress associated with future releases of SWP were $13,409 as of December 31, 2020. SWP has a weighted average remaining life of 10.0 years. Amortization expense for SWP was $35,834 and $32,576 during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Earnings per Share
The calculations of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 are:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Net income | $ | 138,045 |  |  | $ | 111,096 |  |  | $ | 401,293 |  |  | $ | 321,404 |
Shares used to compute basic earnings per common share | 140,507,000 |  |  | 145,812,000 |  |  | 141,928,000 |  |  | 147,586,000 |
Dilutive effect of stock options | 1,919,000 |  |  | 2,095,000 |  |  | 2,053,000 |  |  | 2,372,000 |
Shares used to compute diluted earnings per common share | 142,426,000 |  |  | 147,907,000 |  |  | 143,981,000 |  |  | 149,958,000 |
Basic earnings per common share | $ | 0.98 |  |  | $ | 0.76 |  |  | $ | 2.83 |  |  | $ | 2.18 |
Diluted earnings per common share | $ | 0.97 |  |  | $ | 0.75 |  |  | $ | 2.79 |  |  | $ | 2.14 |

During the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, employee stock options to purchase 11,347,000 and 8,813,000 shares of common stock with an average exercise price of $57.80 and $57.98, respectively, were outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted earnings per common share. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, employee stock options to purchase 11,531,000 and 8,342,000 shares of common stock with an average exercise price of $57.78 and $58.18, respectively, were outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted earnings per common share. These options for the three and nine month periods were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per common share because either the performance conditions have not been satisfied or would not have been satisfied if the reporting date was the end of the contingency period or the options' exercise price was greater than
10

the average market price of the Company’s common stock and the effect on diluted earnings per common share would have been anti-dilutive.
Reclassifications
Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation.
Statements of Cash Flows
For purposes of the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, the Company considers investment instruments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
The following table provides the details of the adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30:

| 2021 |  | 2020
Net income | $ | 401,293 |  |  | $ | 321,404 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |
Depreciation | 25,141 |  |  | 23,058 |
Amortization | 43,749 |  |  | 39,417 |
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate | (103,420) |  |  | (86,488) |
Distributions received from unconsolidated affiliate | 110,559 |  |  | 107,180 |
Stock-based compensation | 31,173 |  |  | 20,458 |
Provision for losses on receivables | 1,569 |  |  | 109 |
Deferred income tax expense | (6,639) |  |  | (7,731) |
Net (gain) loss from investments | (134) |  |  | 1,310 |
Change in other long-term liabilities | 2,103 |  |  | (4,442) |
Change in other assets | 314 |  |  | (965) |
Contract costs capitalized, net of amortization | (482) |  |  | (2,842) |
Other | 921 |  |  | (1,053) |
Change in current assets and liabilities |  |  |
(Increase) decrease in |  |  |
Receivables from investment products | (4,537) |  |  | 2,521 |
Receivables | (58,537) |  |  | (37,921) |
Other current assets | (3,919) |  |  | (6,186) |
Advances due from unconsolidated affiliate | 51,422 |  |  | 12,641 |
(Decrease) increase in |  |  |
Accounts payable | 3,006 |  |  | 8,615 |
Accrued liabilities | (9,851) |  |  | 8,809 |
Deferred revenue | 150 |  |  | (1,370) |
Total adjustments | 82,588 |  |  | 75,120 |
Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 483,881 |  |  | $ | 396,524 |

Note 2. Investment in Unconsolidated Affiliate
LSV Asset Management
The Company has an investment in LSV Asset Management (LSV), a registered investment advisor that provides investment advisory services primarily to institutions, including pension plans and investment companies. LSV is currently an investment sub-advisor for a limited number of SEI-sponsored investment products. The Company's partnership interest in LSV as of September 30, 2021 was 38.7%. The Company accounts for its interest in LSV using the equity method because of its less than 50% ownership. The Company’s interest in the net assets of LSV is reflected in Investment in unconsolidated affiliate on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets and its interest in the earnings of LSV is reflected in Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.
11

At September 30, 2021, the Company’s total investment in LSV was $39,872. The Company receives partnership distributions from LSV on a quarterly basis. The Company received partnership distributions from LSV of $110,559 and $107,180 in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. As such, the Company considers these distribution payments as returns on investment rather than returns of the Company's original investment in LSV and has therefore classified the associated cash inflows as an operating activity on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
The Company’s proportionate share in the earnings of LSV was $35,005 and $28,305 during the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company's proportionate share in the earnings of LSV was $103,420 and $86,488, respectively.
These tables contain condensed financial information of LSV:

Condensed Statement of Operations |  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Revenues |  | $ | 115,728 |  |  | $ | 94,902 |  |  | $ | 342,957 |  |  | $ | 289,546 |
Net income |  | 90,365 |  |  | 70,440 |  |  | 266,805 |  |  | 220,184 |

Condensed Balance Sheets |  | September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Current assets |  | $ | 123,325 |  |  | $ | 151,515 |
Non-current assets |  | 4,426 |  |  | 4,296 |
Total assets |  | $ | 127,751 |  |  | $ | 155,811 |
Current liabilities |  | $ | 69,349 |  |  | $ | 77,077 |
Non-current liabilities |  | 4,058 |  |  | 4,620 |
Partners’ capital |  | 54,344 |  |  | 74,114 |
Total liabilities and partners’ capital |  | $ | 127,751 |  |  | $ | 155,811 |

On April 1, 2021, LSV provided an interest in the partnership to select key employees which reduced the ownership percentage of each existing partner on a pro-rata basis. As a result, the Company's total partnership interest in LSV was reduced slightly to approximately 38.7% from approximately 38.8%.
Note 3. Composition of Certain Financial Statement Captions
Receivables
Receivables on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets consist of:

| September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Trade receivables | $ | 112,572 |  |  | $ | 99,106 |
Fees earned, not billed | 313,883 |  |  | 262,167 |
Other receivables | 18,401 |  |  | 25,046 |
| 444,856 |  |  | 386,319 |
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts | (2,669) |  |  | (1,100) |
| $ | 442,187 |  |  | $ | 385,219 |

Fees earned, not billed represents receivables from contracts with customers earned but unbilled and results from timing differences between services provided and contractual billing schedules. These billing schedules generally provide for fees to be billed on a quarterly basis. In addition, certain fees earned from investment operations services are calculated based on assets under administration that have an extended valuation process. Billings to these clients occur once the asset valuation processes are completed.
Receivables from investment products on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets primarily represent fees receivable for distribution, investment advisory, and administration services to various regulated investment companies and other investment products sponsored by SEI.
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Property and Equipment
Property and Equipment on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets consists of:

| September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Buildings | $ | 209,315 |  |  | $ | 206,151 |
Equipment | 150,945 |  |  | 141,820 |
Land | 24,651 |  |  | 24,179 |
Purchased software | 156,327 |  |  | 147,838 |
Furniture and fixtures | 21,196 |  |  | 21,439 |
Leasehold improvements | 21,838 |  |  | 21,604 |
Construction in progress | 209 |  |  | 4,660 |
| 584,481 |  |  | 567,691 |
Less: Accumulated depreciation | (400,679) |  |  | (378,639) |
Property and Equipment, net | $ | 183,802 |  |  | $ | 189,052 |

The Company recognized $25,141 and $23,058 in depreciation expense related to property and equipment for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Deferred Contract Costs
Deferred contract costs, which primarily consist of deferred sales commissions, were $34,263 and $33,781 as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The Company deferred expenses related to contract costs of $2,932 and $2,521 during the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company deferred expenses related to contract costs of $6,978 and $7,270, respectively. Amortization expense related to deferred contract costs were $6,496 and $4,428 during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and are included in Compensation, benefits and other personnel on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. There was no impairment loss in relation to deferred contract costs during the nine months ended September 30, 2021.
Accrued Liabilities
Accrued liabilities on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets consist of:

| September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Accrued employee compensation | $ | 86,924 |  |  | $ | 95,656 |
Accrued employee benefits and other personnel | 11,743 |  |  | 18,770 |
Accrued consulting, outsourcing and professional fees | 35,945 |  |  | 31,907 |
Accrued sub-advisory, distribution and other asset management fees | 57,560 |  |  | 49,924 |
Accrued dividend payable | — |  |  | 53,127 |
Other accrued liabilities | 38,871 |  |  | 50,461 |
Total accrued liabilities | $ | 231,043 |  |  | $ | 299,845 |

Note 4. Fair Value Measurements
The fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities, except for the Company's investment funds sponsored by LSV, is determined in accordance with the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of the Company’s Level 1 financial assets consist mainly of investments in open-ended mutual funds that are quoted daily. Level 2 financial assets consist of GNMA mortgage-backed securities held by the Company's wholly-owned limited purpose federal thrift subsidiary, SEI Private Trust Company (SPTC), Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) and other U.S. government agency short-term notes held by SIDCO. The financial assets held by SIDCO were purchased as part of a cash management program requiring only short term, top-tier investment grade government and corporate securities. The financial assets held by SPTC are debt securities issued by GNMA and are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. These securities were purchased for the sole purpose of satisfying applicable regulatory requirements and have maturity dates which range from 2023 to 2041.
The fair value of the Company's investment funds sponsored by LSV is measured using the net asset value per share (NAV) as a practical expedient. The NAVs of the funds are calculated by the funds' independent custodian and are derived
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from the fair values of the underlying investments as of the reporting date. The funds allow for investor redemptions at the end of each calendar month. This investment has not been classified in the fair value hierarchy but is presented in the tables below to permit reconciliation to the amounts presented on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The valuation of the Company's Level 2 financial assets held by SIDCO and SPTC are based upon securities pricing policies and procedures utilized by third-party pricing vendors.
The pricing policies and procedures applied for our Level 1 and Level 2 financial assets during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 were consistent with those as described in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K at December 31, 2020. The Company had no Level 3 financial assets at September 30, 2021 or December 31, 2020 that were required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis. Level 3 financial liabilities at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 consist entirely of the estimated contingent consideration resulting from an acquisition (See Note 12). The fair value of the contingent consideration was determined using a Monte-Carlo simulation model. Key assumptions for the Monte-Carlo simulation model include expected revenues, expected volatility, risk-free rate and other factors. There were no transfers of financial assets between levels within the fair value hierarchy during the nine months ended September 30, 2021.
The fair value of certain financial assets of the Company was determined using the following inputs:

|  |  |  | Fair Value Measurements at the End of the Reporting Period Using
Assets |  | September 30, 2021 |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Equity securities |  | $ | 12,241 |  |  | $ | 12,241 |  |  | $ | — |
Available-for-sale debt securities |  | 127,838 |  |  | — |  |  | 127,838 |
Fixed-income securities owned |  | 31,770 |  |  | — |  |  | 31,770 |
Investment funds sponsored by LSV (1) |  | 6,893 |  |  |  |  |
|  | $ | 178,742 |  |  | $ | 12,241 |  |  | $ | 159,608 |

|  |  |  | Fair Value Measurements at the End of the Reporting Period Using
Assets |  | December 31, 2020 |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Equity securities |  | $ | 12,142 |  |  | $ | 12,142 |  |  | $ | — |
Available-for-sale debt securities |  | 93,277 |  |  | — |  |  | 93,277 |
Fixed-income securities owned |  | 34,064 |  |  | — |  |  | 34,064 |
Investment funds sponsored by LSV (1) |  | 6,166 |  |  |  |  |
|  | $ | 145,649 |  |  | $ | 12,142 |  |  | $ | 127,341 |

(1) The fair value amounts presented in the tables above are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets (See Note 5).
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Note 5. Marketable Securities
Marketable securities include investments in money market funds and commercial paper classified as cash equivalents, available-for-sale debt securities, investments in SEI-sponsored and non-SEI-sponsored mutual funds, equities, investments in funds sponsored by LSV and securities owned by SIDCO.
Cash Equivalents
Investments in money market funds and commercial paper classified as cash equivalents had a fair value of $453,628 and $462,624 at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. There were no material unrealized or realized gains or losses from these investments during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020. Investments in money market funds and commercial paper are Level 1 assets.
Available for Sale and Equity Securities
Available For Sale and Equity Securities on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets consist of:

| At September 30, 2021
| Cost Amount |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized (Losses) |  | Fair Value
Available-for-sale debt securities | $ | 126,964 |  |  | $ | 874 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 127,838 |
SEI-sponsored mutual funds | 6,692 |  |  | 380 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,072 |
Equities and other mutual funds | 4,932 |  |  | 237 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,169 |
| $ | 138,588 |  |  | $ | 1,491 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 140,079 |

| At December 31, 2020
| Cost Amount |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized (Losses) |  | Fair Value
Available-for-sale debt securities | $ | 91,262 |  |  | $ | 2,015 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 93,277 |
SEI-sponsored mutual funds | 6,866 |  |  | 382 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,248 |
Equities and other mutual funds | 4,421 |  |  | 473 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,894 |
| $ | 102,549 |  |  | $ | 2,870 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 105,419 |

Net unrealized gains at September 30, 2021 of available-for-sale debt securities were $673 (net of income tax expense of $201). Net unrealized gains at December 31, 2020 of available-for-sale debt securities were $1,551 (net of income tax expense of $464). These net unrealized gains are reported as a separate component of Accumulated other comprehensive loss on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.
There were gross realized losses of $861 and $582 from available-for-sale debt securities during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. There were no gross realized gains from available-for-sale debt securities during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020. Realized losses from available-for-sale debt securities, including amounts reclassified from accumulated comprehensive loss, are reflected in Net (loss) gain from investments on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.
There were gross realized gains of $714 and gross realized losses of $65 from mutual funds and equities during the nine months ended September 30, 2021. There were gross realized gains of $254 and gross realized losses of $250 from mutual funds and equities during the nine months ended September 30, 2020. Gains and losses from mutual funds and equities are reflected in Net (loss) gain from investments on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Investments in Affiliated Funds
The Company has an investment in funds sponsored by LSV. The Company records this investment on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses from the change in fair value of these funds are recognized in Net (loss) gain from investments on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The funds had a fair value of $6,893 and $6,166 at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The Company recognized unrealized losses of $39 and unrealized gains of $458 during the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, from the change in fair value of the funds. The Company recognized unrealized gains of $727 and unrealized losses of $781 during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, from the change in fair value of the funds.
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Securities Owned
The Company’s broker-dealer subsidiary, SIDCO, has investments in U.S. government agency securities with maturity dates less than one year. These investments are reflected as Securities owned on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. Due to specialized accounting practices applicable to investments by broker-dealers, the securities are reported at fair value and changes in fair value are recorded in current period earnings. The securities had a fair value of $31,770 and $34,064 at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. There were no material net gains or losses related to the securities during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020.
Note 6. Line of Credit
On April 23, 2021 (the Closing Date), the Company entered into a new five-year $325,000 Credit Agreement (the Credit Facility) with Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., and a syndicate of other lenders. The Credit Facility became available on the Closing Date and replaced the former credit facility agreement (the 2016 Credit Facility). The Credit Facility is scheduled to expire in April 2026, at which time any aggregate principal amount of loans outstanding becomes payable in full. Any borrowings made under the Credit Facility will accrue interest at rates that, at the Company's option, are based on a base rate (the Base Rate) plus a premium that can range from 0.25% to 1.00% or the London InterBank Offered Rate (LIBOR) plus a premium that can range from 1.25% to 2.00% depending on the Company’s Leverage Ratio (a ratio of consolidated indebtedness to consolidated EBITDA for the four preceding fiscal quarters, all as defined in the related agreement). The Base Rate is defined as the highest of a) the Federal Funds Rate, as published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, plus 0.50%, b) the prime commercial lending rate of Wells Fargo, c) the applicable LIBOR plus 1.00%, or d) 0%. The Credit Facility includes fallback language clearly defining an alternative reference rate which provides for specified replacement rates upon a LIBOR cessation event. At the time of a LIBOR cessation event, the replacement rate, the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR), self-executes without the need for negotiations or a formal amendment process.
The Company also pays quarterly commitment fees based on the unused portion of the Credit Facility. The quarterly fees for the Credit Facility can range from 0.15% of the amount of the unused portion to 0.30%, depending on the Company’s Leverage Ratio. Certain wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company have guaranteed the obligations of the Company under the agreement. The aggregate amount of the Credit Facility may be increased by an additional $100,000 under certain conditions set forth in the agreement. The Company may issue up to $15,000 in letters of credit under the terms of the Credit Facility. The Company pays a periodic commission fee of 1.25% plus an issuance fee of 0.200% of the aggregate face amount of the outstanding letters of credit issued under the Credit Facility.
The Credit Facility contains covenants with restrictions on the ability of the Company to do transactions with affiliates other than wholly-owned subsidiaries or to incur liens or certain types of indebtedness as defined in the agreement. In the event of a default under the Credit Facility, the Company would also be restricted from paying dividends on, or repurchasing, its common stock without the approval of the lenders. Upon the occurrence of certain financial or economic events, significant corporate events, or certain other events of default constituting an event of default under the Credit Facility, all loans outstanding may be declared immediately due and payable and all commitments under the agreement may be terminated.
As of September 30, 2021, the Company had outstanding letters of credit of $5,808 under the Credit Facility. These letters of credit were issued primarily for the expansion of the Company's headquarters and are scheduled to expire during 2021. The amount of the Credit Facility that is available for general corporate purposes as of September 30, 2021 was $319,192.
The Company was in compliance with all covenants of the credit facilities during the nine months ended September 30, 2021.
Note 7. Shareholders’ Equity
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company has only non-qualified stock options outstanding under its equity compensation plans. All outstanding stock options have performance-based vesting provisions specific to each option grant that tie the vesting of the applicable stock options to the Company’s financial performance. The Company’s stock options vest at a rate of 50% when a specified financial vesting target is achieved, and the remaining 50% when a second, higher specified financial vesting target is achieved. Options vest as a result of achievement of the financial vesting targets. Options granted in December 2017 and thereafter include a service condition which requires a minimum two or four year waiting period from the grant date along with the attainment of the applicable financial vesting target. The targets are measured annually on December 31. The amount of stock-based compensation expense recognized in the period is based upon management’s
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estimate of when the financial vesting targets may be achieved. Any change in management’s estimate could result in the remaining amount of stock-based compensation expense to be accelerated, spread out over a longer period, or reversed. This may cause volatility in the recognition of stock-based compensation expense in future periods and could materially affect the Company’s earnings.
The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense in its Consolidated Financial Statements in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, as follows:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Stock-based compensation expense | $ | 11,318 |  |  | $ | 6,467 |  |  | $ | 31,173 |  |  | $ | 20,458 |
Less: Deferred tax benefit | (1,857) |  |  | (1,229) |  |  | (5,615) |  |  | (3,932) |
Stock-based compensation expense, net of tax | $ | 9,461 |  |  | $ | 5,238 |  |  | $ | 25,558 |  |  | $ | 16,526 |

The Company revised its estimates of when some vesting targets are expected to be achieved during 2021 and 2020. The change in management's estimate during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 resulted in an increase of $3,209 in stock-based compensation expense. The change in estimate during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 did not result in a material change to the Company's stock-based compensation expense.
As of September 30, 2021, there was approximately $72,399 of unrecognized compensation cost remaining related to unvested employee stock options that management expects will vest and is being amortized.
The Company issues new common shares associated with the exercise of stock options. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was $30,496. The total options exercisable as of September 30, 2021 had an intrinsic value of $104,146. The total intrinsic value for options exercisable is calculated as the difference between the market value of the Company’s common stock as of September 30, 2021 and the weighted average exercise price of the options. The market value of the Company’s common stock as of September 30, 2021 was $59.30 as reported by the Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC. The weighted average exercise price of the options exercisable as of September 30, 2021 was $40.63. Total options that were outstanding as of September 30, 2021 were 16,925,000. Total options that were exercisable as of September 30, 2021 were 5,578,000.
Common Stock Buyback
The Company’s Board of Directors, under multiple authorizations, has authorized the repurchase of common stock on the open market or through private transactions. The Company purchased 5,218,000 shares at a total cost of $316,053 during the nine months ended September 30, 2021, which reduced the total shares outstanding of common stock. The cost of stock purchases during the period includes the cost of certain transactions that settled in the following quarter. As of September 30, 2021, the Company had approximately $126,775 of authorization remaining for the purchase of common stock under the program.
The Company immediately retires its common stock when purchased. Upon retirement, the Company reduces Capital in excess of par value for the average capital per share outstanding and the remainder is charged against Retained earnings. If the Company reduces its Retained earnings to zero, any subsequent purchases of common stock will be charged entirely to Capital in excess of par value.
Cash Dividend
On June 2, 2021, the Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.37 per share on the Company's common stock, which was paid on June 22, 2021, to shareholders of record on June 14, 2021. Cash dividends declared during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 were $52,389 and $51,462, respectively.
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Note 8. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The components of Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, are as follows:

| Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments |  | Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance, January 1, 2021 | $ | (18,349) |  |  | $ | 1,551 |  |  | $ | (16,798) |
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications | (2,867) |  |  | (1,548) |  |  | (4,415) |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss | — |  |  | 670 |  |  | 670 |
Net current-period other comprehensive loss | (2,867) |  |  | (878) |  |  | (3,745) |
Balance, September 30, 2021 | $ | (21,216) |  |  | $ | 673 |  |  | $ | (20,543) |

Note 9. Business Segment Information
The Company’s reportable business segments are:
Private Banks – Provides outsourced investment processing and investment management platforms to banks and trust institutions, independent wealth advisers and financial advisors worldwide;
Investment Advisors – Provides investment management and investment processing platforms to affluent investors through a network of independent registered investment advisors, financial planners and other investment professionals in the United States;
Institutional Investors – Provides OCIO solutions, including investment management and administrative outsourcing platforms to retirement plan sponsors, healthcare systems, higher education and other not-for-profit organizations worldwide;
Investment Managers – Provides investment operations outsourcing platforms to fund companies, banking institutions, traditional and non-traditional investment managers worldwide and family offices in the United States; and
Investments in New Businesses – Focuses on providing investment management solutions to ultra-high-net-worth families residing in the United States; developing network and data protection services; modularizing larger technology platforms into stand-alone components; entering new markets; and conducting other research and development activities.
The information in the following tables is derived from internal financial reporting used for corporate management purposes. There are no inter-segment revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020. Management evaluates Company assets on a consolidated basis during interim periods. The accounting policies of the reportable business segments are the same as those described in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.
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The following tables highlight certain financial information about each of the business segments for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020:

| Private Banks |  | Investment Advisors |  | Institutional Investors |  | Investment Managers |  | Investments In New Businesses |  | Total
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Revenues | $ | 123,018 |  |  | $ | 124,768 |  |  | $ | 85,759 |  |  | $ | 147,412 |  |  | $ | 4,365 |  |  | $ | 485,322 |
Expenses | 116,679 |  |  | 62,107 |  |  | 41,643 |  |  | 89,594 |  |  | 12,820 |  |  | 322,843 |
Operating profit (loss) | $ | 6,339 |  |  | $ | 62,661 |  |  | $ | 44,116 |  |  | $ | 57,818 |  |  | $ | (8,455) |  |  | $ | 162,479 |

| Private Banks |  | Investment Advisors |  | Institutional Investors |  | Investment Managers |  | Investments In New Businesses |  | Total
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Revenues | $ | 114,792 |  |  | $ | 103,189 |  |  | $ | 79,583 |  |  | $ | 123,846 |  |  | $ | 3,517 |  |  | $ | 424,927 |
Expenses | 113,066 |  |  | 51,519 |  |  | 37,812 |  |  | 79,838 |  |  | 13,315 |  |  | 295,550 |
Operating profit (loss) | $ | 1,726 |  |  | $ | 51,670 |  |  | $ | 41,771 |  |  | $ | 44,008 |  |  | $ | (9,798) |  |  | $ | 129,377 |

A reconciliation of the total operating profit reported for the business segments to income from operations in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:

| 2021 |  | 2020
Total operating profit from segments | $ | 162,479 |  |  | $ | 129,377 |
Corporate overhead expenses | (21,354) |  |  | (18,040) |
Income from operations | $ | 141,125 |  |  | $ | 111,337 |

The following tables provide additional information for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 pertaining to the business segments:

| Capital Expenditures (1) |  | Depreciation
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Private Banks | $ | 6,173 |  |  | $ | 7,652 |  |  | $ | 4,980 |  |  | $ | 4,222 |
Investment Advisors | 2,896 |  |  | 3,234 |  |  | 499 |  |  | 1,255 |
Institutional Investors | 720 |  |  | 698 |  |  | 271 |  |  | 298 |
Investment Managers | 3,722 |  |  | 2,776 |  |  | 2,428 |  |  | 1,818 |
Investments in New Businesses | 336 |  |  | 144 |  |  | 60 |  |  | 97 |
Total from business segments | $ | 13,847 |  |  | $ | 14,504 |  |  | $ | 8,238 |  |  | $ | 7,690 |
Corporate overhead | 419 |  |  | 274 |  |  | 170 |  |  | 255 |
| $ | 14,266 |  |  | $ | 14,778 |  |  | $ | 8,408 |  |  | $ | 7,945 |

(1) Capital expenditures include additions to property and equipment and capitalized software.

| Amortization
| 2021 |  | 2020
Private Banks | $ | 8,526 |  |  | $ | 7,505 |
Investment Advisors | 3,014 |  |  | 2,683 |
Institutional Investors | 427 |  |  | 426 |
Investment Managers | 2,451 |  |  | 2,343 |
Investments in New Businesses | 185 |  |  | 186 |
Total from business segments | $ | 14,603 |  |  | $ | 13,143 |
Corporate overhead | 71 |  |  | 57 |
| $ | 14,674 |  |  | $ | 13,200 |

The following tables highlight certain financial information about each of business segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020:
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| Private Banks |  | Investment Advisors |  | Institutional Investors |  | Investment Managers |  | Investments In New Businesses |  | Total
| For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Revenues | $ | 364,302 |  |  | $ | 357,458 |  |  | $ | 255,957 |  |  | $ | 426,639 |  |  | $ | 12,303 |  |  | $ | 1,416,659 |
Expenses | 345,057 |  |  | 176,267 |  |  | 122,696 |  |  | 257,609 |  |  | 39,855 |  |  | 941,484 |
Operating profit (loss) | $ | 19,245 |  |  | $ | 181,191 |  |  | $ | 133,261 |  |  | $ | 169,030 |  |  | $ | (27,552) |  |  | $ | 475,175 |

| Private Banks |  | Investment Advisors |  | Institutional Investors |  | Investment Managers |  | Investments In New Businesses |  | Total
| For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Revenues | $ | 335,739 |  |  | $ | 299,218 |  |  | $ | 235,309 |  |  | $ | 359,815 |  |  | $ | 10,254 |  |  | $ | 1,240,335 |
Expenses | 331,442 |  |  | 154,100 |  |  | 113,016 |  |  | 228,795 |  |  | 37,691 |  |  | 865,044 |
Operating profit (loss) | $ | 4,297 |  |  | $ | 145,118 |  |  | $ | 122,293 |  |  | $ | 131,020 |  |  | $ | (27,437) |  |  | $ | 375,291 |

A reconciliation of the total operating profit reported for the business segments to income from operations in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020:

| 2021 |  | 2020
Total operating profit from segments | $ | 475,175 |  |  | $ | 375,291 |
Corporate overhead expenses | (65,192) |  |  | (53,414) |
Income from operations | $ | 409,983 |  |  | $ | 321,877 |

The following tables provide additional information for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020:

| Capital Expenditures (1) |  | Depreciation
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Private Banks | $ | 20,596 |  |  | $ | 24,211 |  |  | $ | 13,290 |  |  | $ | 12,069 |
Investment Advisors | 8,784 |  |  | 12,427 |  |  | 3,205 |  |  | 3,578 |
Institutional Investors | 2,115 |  |  | 3,085 |  |  | 982 |  |  | 901 |
Investment Managers | 8,726 |  |  | 19,067 |  |  | 6,508 |  |  | 5,499 |
Investments in New Businesses | 788 |  |  | 894 |  |  | 306 |  |  | 243 |
Total from business segments | $ | 41,009 |  |  | $ | 59,684 |  |  | $ | 24,291 |  |  | $ | 22,290 |
Corporate Overhead | 997 |  |  | 2,069 |  |  | 850 |  |  | 768 |
| $ | 42,006 |  |  | $ | 61,753 |  |  | $ | 25,141 |  |  | $ | 23,058 |

(1) Capital expenditures include additions to property and equipment and capitalized software.

| Amortization
| 2021 |  | 2020
Private Banks | $ | 25,735 |  |  | $ | 22,390 |
Investment Advisors | 8,550 |  |  | 7,999 |
Institutional Investors | 1,280 |  |  | 1,280 |
Investment Managers | 7,375 |  |  | 7,020 |
Investments in New Businesses | 555 |  |  | 556 |
Total from business segments | $ | 43,495 |  |  | $ | 39,245 |
Corporate Overhead | 254 |  |  | 172 |
| $ | 43,749 |  |  | $ | 39,417 |

Note 10. Income Taxes
The gross liability for unrecognized tax benefits at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 was $16,721 and $15,911, respectively, exclusive of interest and penalties, of which $16,532 and $15,761 would affect the effective tax rate if the Company were to recognize the tax benefit.
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The Company classifies interest and penalties on unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the combined amount of accrued interest and penalties related to tax positions taken on tax returns was $1,835 and $2,105, respectively.

| September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Gross liability for unrecognized tax benefits, exclusive of interest and penalties | $ | 16,721 |  |  | $ | 15,911 |
Interest and penalties on unrecognized benefits | 1,835 |  |  | 2,105 |
Total gross uncertain tax positions | $ | 18,556 |  |  | $ | 18,016 |
Amount included in Current liabilities | $ | 4,497 |  |  | $ | 6,546 |
Amount included in Other long-term liabilities | 14,059 |  |  | 11,470 |
| $ | 18,556 |  |  | $ | 18,016 |

The effective income tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 differs from the federal income tax statutory rate due to the following:

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Statutory rate |  | 21.0 | % |  | 21.0 | % |  | 21.0 | % |  | 21.0 | %
State taxes, net of federal tax benefit |  | 2.5 |  |  | 3.3 |  |  | 3.0 |  |  | 3.2 |
Foreign tax expense and tax rate differential |  | (0.1) |  |  | (0.2) |  |  | (0.1) |  |  | (0.1) |
Tax benefit from stock option exercises |  | (0.6) |  |  | (0.4) |  |  | (1.0) |  |  | (1.0) |
Expiration of the statute of limitations |  | — |  |  | (1.3) |  |  | — |  |  | (0.5) |
State settlements |  | (0.3) |  |  | — |  |  | (0.2) |  |  | — |
Provision-to-return adjustment |  | (0.5) |  |  | (0.4) |  |  | (0.2) |  |  | (0.1) |
Other, net |  | (0.3) |  |  | (0.6) |  |  | (0.3) |  |  | (0.5) |
|  | 21.7 | % |  | 21.4 | % |  | 22.2 | % |  | 22.0 | %

The Company files income tax returns in the United States on a consolidated basis and in many U.S. state and foreign jurisdictions. The Company is subject to examination of income tax returns by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and other domestic and foreign tax authorities. The Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal income tax examination for years before 2017 and is no longer subject to state, local or foreign income tax examinations by authorities for years before 2015.
The Company estimates it will recognize $4,497 of gross unrecognized tax benefits. This amount is expected to be paid within one year or to be removed at the expiration of the statute of limitations and resolution of income tax audits and is netted against the current payable account. These unrecognized tax benefits are related to tax positions taken on certain federal, state, and foreign tax returns. However, the timing of the resolution of income tax examinations is highly uncertain, and the amounts ultimately paid, if any, upon resolution of the issues raised by the taxing authorities may differ materially from the amounts accrued for each year. While it is reasonably possible that some issues under examination could be resolved in the next twelve months, based upon the current facts and circumstances, the Company cannot reasonably estimate the timing of such resolution or the total range of potential changes as it relates to the current unrecognized tax benefits that are recorded as part of the Company’s financial statements.
Note 11. Commitments and Contingencies
In the ordinary course of business, the Company from time to time enters into contracts containing indemnification obligations of the Company. These obligations may require the Company to make payments to another party upon the occurrence of certain events including the failure by the Company to meet its performance obligations under the contract. These contractual indemnification provisions are often standard contractual terms of the nature customarily found in the type of contracts entered into by the Company. In many cases, there are no stated or notional amounts included in the indemnification provisions. There are no amounts reflected on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 related to these indemnifications.
Stanford Trust Company Litigation
SEI has been named in seven lawsuits filed in Louisiana courts; four of the cases also name SPTC as a defendant. The underlying allegations in all actions relate to the purported role of SPTC in providing back-office services to Stanford Trust
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Company. The complaints allege that SEI and SPTC participated in some manner in the sale of “certificates of deposit” issued by Stanford International Bank so as to be a “seller” of the certificates of deposit for purposes of primary liability under the Louisiana Securities Law or so as to be secondarily liable under that statute for sales of certificates of deposit made by Stanford Trust Company. Two of the actions also include claims for violations of the Louisiana Racketeering Act and possibly conspiracy, and a third also asserts claims of negligence, breach of contract, breach of fiduciary duty, violations of the uniform fiduciaries law, negligent misrepresentation, detrimental reliance, violations of the Louisiana Racketeering Act, and conspiracy.
The procedural status of the seven cases varies. The Lillie case, filed originally in the 19th Judicial District Court for the Parish of East Baton Rouge, was brought as a class action. A group of plaintiffs who opted out of the Lillie class filed a complaint against SEI and SPTC in the United States District Court in the Middle District of Louisiana, alleging claims essentially the same as those in Lillie. In both cases, as a result of the proceedings in the Northern District of Texas, only the plaintiffs’ secondary liability claims under Section 714(B) of the Louisiana Securities Law remain. On January 31, 2019, the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation remanded the Lillie and Ahders proceedings to the Middle District of Louisiana.
With respect to the Lillie proceeding, on July 9, 2019, the District Court issued an order granting SEI’s Summary Judgment Motion to dismiss the remaining Section 714(B) claim and denying Plaintiffs’ Motion for Continuance of SEI and SPTC’s Motion for Summary Judgment pursuant to Rule 56(d). On August 27, 2019, Plaintiffs-Appellants filed a Notice of Appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit of the District Court's dismissal of the Lillie matter. On May 14, 2021, the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit unanimously affirmed the District Court’s order granting summary judgment in favor SEI and the Insurer Defendants in the Lillie matter.
With respect to the Ahders proceeding, on January 24, 2020, the District Court issued an order granting SEI’s Summary Judgment Motion to dismiss the remaining Section 714(B) claim. On March 17, 2020, Plaintiffs-Appellants filed a Notice of Appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit of the District Court's dismissal of the Ahders matter. On December 3, 2020, the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit unanimously affirmed the District Court’s order granting summary judgment in favor of SEI and the Insurer Defendants in the Adhers matter.
Another case, filed in the 23rd Judicial District Court for the Parish of Ascension, also was removed to federal court and transferred by the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation to the Northern District of Texas and the Stanford MDL. The schedule for responding to that Complaint has not yet been established.
Two additional cases remain in the Parish of East Baton Rouge. Plaintiffs filed petitions in 2010 and have granted SEI and SPTC indefinite extensions to respond. No material activity has taken place since.
In two additional cases, filed in East Baton Rouge and brought by the same counsel who filed the Lillie action, virtually all of the litigation to date has involved motions practice and appellate litigation regarding the existence of federal subject matter jurisdiction under the federal Securities Litigation Uniform Standards Act (SLUSA). The matters were removed to the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas and consolidated. The court then dismissed the action under SLUSA. The Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit reversed that order, and the Supreme Court of the United States affirmed the Court of Appeals judgment on February 26, 2014. The matters were remanded to state court and no material activity has taken place since that date.
While the outcome of this litigation remains uncertain, SEI and SPTC believe that they have valid defenses to plaintiffs' claims and intend to defend the lawsuits vigorously. Because of uncertainty in the make-up of the Lillie class, the specific theories of liability that may survive a motion for summary judgment or other dispositive motion, the relative lack of discovery regarding damages, causation, mitigation and other aspects that may ultimately bear upon loss, the Company is not reasonably able to provide an estimate of loss, if any, with respect to the foregoing lawsuits.
SS&C Advent Matter
On February 28, 2020, SEI Global Services, Inc. (SGSI), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, filed a complaint under seal in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania against SS&C Advent (Advent) and SS&C Technologies Holdings, Inc. (SS&C) alleging that SS&C and Advent breached the terms of the contract between the parties and asking the Court to hold SS&C and Advent to their bargained-for obligations (the Advent Matter). In addition to Breach of Contract, the complaint also includes counts for Declaratory Judgment, Tortious Interference with Existing and Prospective Contractual Relations, Violation of the New York General Business Law Section 349, Violations of Section 2 of the Sherman Antitrust Act, Promissory Estoppel and Breach of the Covenant of Good Faith and Fair Dealing. SGSI seeks various forms of relief, including declaratory judgment, specific performance under the contract, and monetary damages, including treble damages and attorney’s fees.
Following various procedural actions, including an amendment of SGSI’s complaint to include additional breach of contract claims, Advent filed a motion to dismiss SGSI’s complaint.
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On October 23, 2020, the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania dismissed SEI’s federal antitrust claims and declined to rule on the state law claims on the basis that in the absence of the anti-trust claim, the court had no jurisdiction over the state law claims. SGSI has appealed the dismissal of the federal anti-trust claims to the Third Circuit Court of Appeals, which is currently pending.
Since October 23, 2020, Advent and SGSI have been litigating the remaining breach of contract and tortious interference with contract claims in New York State Court. Additionally, SGSI made motions for injunctive relief to insure that Advent provided SGSI with access to the Geneva, Moxy and APX software modules as SGSI believes is required pursuant to the terms of a valid contract. On January 13, 2021, Judge Borrok of the Supreme Court of the State of New York, granted SGSI’s motion for injunctive relief and issued an Order in which he characterized the basis for Advent’s claim for breach of contract as appearing to be “pre-textual” and found that SGSI’s claims for breach of contract would likely succeed on the merits. Judge Borrok granted SGSI’s motion for injunctive relief, on a preliminary basis, and precluded SS&C Advent from:
• Dishonoring their contractual obligations and commitments under the SLSA, including, denying SEI’s licenses, rights, and privileges under the SLSA;
• Failing to provide new license keys for the license keys due to Geneva, Moxy, and APX, and other software products licensed by SEI pursuant to the SLSA (such new license keys to be provided no later than January 15, 2021 at 10 A.M.);
• Denying to SEI any and all access to the Geneva, Moxy, and APX software and related modules as are reasonably necessary to provide access to such software to SEI’s clients; and
• Denying to SEI any and all support, maintenance and technical support services for Geneva, Moxy, and APX.
SS&C Advent provided SEI with the necessary access to the Geneva, Moxy and APX software modules on January 14, 2021. These have been tested, verified and are now running in the SEI production environment.
On January 15, 2021, SS&C Advent appealed Judge Borrok’s order granting SEI’s motion for preliminary injunctive relief to the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York, First Department. The Appellate Division affirmed the injunction order on June 15, 2021.
On March 1, 2021, SS&C Advent moved to dismiss SGSI’s breach of contract and tortious interference with contract counter claims. These counter-claims were:
1.breach of contract,
2.declaratory judgment,
3.tortious interference with existing and prospective contractual relations,
4.deceptive trade practices in violation of NY Statutes,
5.breach of the covenant of good faith and fair dealing, and
6.promissory estoppel.
The parties agreed to toll the litigation while endeavoring to resolve their dispute through a settlement mediation process moderated by Judge Borrock. The parties were unable to reach an agreement as to a settlement of the litigation and reengaged in the litigation process.
On October 5, 2021, Judge Borrock issued an order partially denying and partially granting SS&C’s Advent’s motion to dismiss SGSI’s breach of contract and tortious interference with contract counter claims.
Judge Borrock dismissed the third claim with respect to prospective contractual relationships only, as well as the fourth claim and the sixth claim. The remaining claims that will proceed are:
1.breach of contract,
2.declaratory judgment,
3.tortious interference with existing a contractual relations, and
4.breach of the covenant of good faith and fair dealing.
We expect that the parties will also reengage with respect to SGSI’s pending appeal in the Third Circuit of the dismissal of SGSI’s anti-trust-claims.
SEI continues to believe that it will have to change providers under the current terms of its contract with SS&C Advent and that the process of litigating its rights under this contract may be a multi-year process. Consequently, SEI does not believe
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that the Advent Matter will create any consequence to the services SGSI provides to its clients in the near term. SEI believes that it has alternatives available to it that will enable it to continue to provide currently provided services to its clients in all material respects in the unlikely event that there ultimately is a negative outcome in the Advent Matter.
SEI believes SGSI has a strong basis for proving the actions it alleges in the Advent Matter and looks forward to the opportunity to continue to assert its rights under contract and prove the damages that it has suffered as a consequence of the behavior by SS&C Advent that SGSI alleges. SEI expects the financial impact of litigating the Advent Matter to be immaterial.
Other Matters
The Company and certain of its subsidiaries are party to various other examinations, investigations, actions and claims arising in the normal course of business that the Company does not believe are material. The Company believes that the ultimate resolution of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial position or the manner in which the Company conducts its business. Currently, the Company does not believe the amount of losses associated with these matters can be estimated. While the Company does not believe that the amount of such losses will, when liquidated or estimable, be material to its financial position, the assumptions may be incorrect and any such loss could have a material adverse effect on the Company's results of operations or the manner in which the Company conducts its business in the period(s) during which the underlying matters are resolved.
Note 12. Goodwill and Intangible Assets
On April 2, 2018, the Company acquired all ownership interests of Huntington Steele, LLC (Huntington Steele). The total purchase price was allocated to Huntington Steele’s net tangible and intangible assets based upon their estimated fair values at the date of purchase. The excess purchase price over the value of the identifiable intangible assets was recorded as goodwill. The total amount of goodwill from this transaction amounted to $11,499 and is included on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. The total purchase price for Huntington Steele included a contingent purchase price payable to the sellers upon the attainment of specified financial measures determined at various intervals occurring between 2019 and 2023. The Company made payments of $3,965 and $633 during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, to the sellers. As of September 30, 2021, the current portion of the contingent consideration of $765 is included in Accrued liabilities on the accompanying Balance Sheet. The long-term portion of the contingent consideration of $8,099 is included in Other long-term liabilities on the accompanying Balance Sheet.
In July 2017, the Company acquired all ownership interests of Archway Technology Partners, LLC, Archway Finance & Operations, Inc. and Keystone Capital Holdings, LLC (collectively, Archway), a provider of operating technologies and services to the family office industry. The total purchase price was allocated to Archway’s net tangible and intangible assets based upon their estimated fair values at the date of purchase. The excess purchase price over the value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets was recorded as goodwill. The total amount of goodwill from this transaction amounted to $52,990 and is included on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.
There were no changes to goodwill during the nine months ended September 30, 2021.
The Company recognized $2,763 of amortization expense related to the intangible assets acquired through acquisitions of Huntington Steele and Archway during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020.
Note 13. Revenues from Contracts with Customers
The Company’s principal sources of revenues are: (1) asset management, administration and distribution fees primarily earned based upon a contractual percentage of net assets under management or administration; and (2) information processing and software servicing fees that are either recurring and primarily earned based upon the number of trust accounts being serviced or a percentage of the market value of the clients' assets processed on the Company's platforms, or non-recurring and based upon project-oriented contractual agreements related to client implementations.
Disaggregation of Revenue
The following tables provide additional information pertaining to our revenues disaggregated by major product line and primary geographic market based on the location of the use of the products or services for each of the business segments for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020:
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| Private Banks |  | Investment Advisors |  | Institutional Investors |  | Investment Managers |  | Investments In New Businesses |  | Total
Major Product Lines: | For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Investment management fees from pooled investment products | $ | 34,212 |  |  | $ | 77,123 |  |  | $ | 13,639 |  |  | $ | 32 |  |  | $ | 338 |  |  | $ | 125,344 |
Investment management fees from investment management agreements | 605 |  |  | 41,688 |  |  | 71,964 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,864 |  |  | 118,121 |
Investment operations fees | 363 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 136,978 |  |  | — |  |  | 137,341 |
Investment processing fees - PaaS | 54,191 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 54,191 |
Investment processing fees - SaaS | 28,579 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,848 |  |  | — |  |  | 32,427 |
Professional services fees | 4,174 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 871 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,045 |
Account fees and other | 894 |  |  | 5,957 |  |  | 156 |  |  | 5,683 |  |  | 163 |  |  | 12,853 |
Total revenues | $ | 123,018 |  |  | $ | 124,768 |  |  | $ | 85,759 |  |  | $ | 147,412 |  |  | $ | 4,365 |  |  | $ | 485,322 |
Primary Geographic Markets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
United States | $ | 77,260 |  |  | $ | 124,768 |  |  | $ | 68,810 |  |  | $ | 136,934 |  |  | $ | 4,365 |  |  | $ | 412,137 |
United Kingdom | 28,767 |  |  | — |  |  | 13,327 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 42,094 |
Canada | 12,343 |  |  | — |  |  | 926 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 13,269 |
Ireland | 4,648 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,570 |  |  | 10,478 |  |  | — |  |  | 17,696 |
Other | — |  |  | — |  |  | 126 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 126 |
Total revenues | $ | 123,018 |  |  | $ | 124,768 |  |  | $ | 85,759 |  |  | $ | 147,412 |  |  | $ | 4,365 |  |  | $ | 485,322 |

| Private Banks |  | Investment Advisors |  | Institutional Investors |  | Investment Managers |  | Investments In New Businesses |  | Total
Major Product Lines: | For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Investment management fees from pooled investment products | $ | 32,256 |  |  | $ | 68,287 |  |  | $ | 13,417 |  |  | $ | 180 |  |  | $ | 356 |  |  | $ | 114,496 |
Investment management fees from investment management agreements | 421 |  |  | 29,761 |  |  | 65,811 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,041 |  |  | 99,034 |
Investment operations fees | 446 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 113,037 |  |  | — |  |  | 113,483 |
Investment processing fees - PaaS | 47,393 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 47,393 |
Investment processing fees - SaaS | 27,567 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,479 |  |  | — |  |  | 31,046 |
Professional services fees | 5,663 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,016 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,679 |
Account fees and other | 1,046 |  |  | 5,141 |  |  | 355 |  |  | 5,134 |  |  | 120 |  |  | 11,796 |
Total revenues | $ | 114,792 |  |  | $ | 103,189 |  |  | $ | 79,583 |  |  | $ | 123,846 |  |  | $ | 3,517 |  |  | $ | 424,927 |
Primary Geographic Markets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
United States | $ | 74,633 |  |  | $ | 103,189 |  |  | $ | 62,699 |  |  | $ | 116,196 |  |  | $ | 3,517 |  |  | $ | 360,234 |
United Kingdom | 25,234 |  |  | — |  |  | 12,930 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 38,164 |
Canada | 10,596 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,298 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11,894 |
Ireland | 4,329 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,526 |  |  | 7,650 |  |  | — |  |  | 14,505 |
Other | — |  |  | — |  |  | 130 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 130 |
Total revenues | $ | 114,792 |  |  | $ | 103,189 |  |  | $ | 79,583 |  |  | $ | 123,846 |  |  | $ | 3,517 |  |  | $ | 424,927 |

The following tables provide additional information pertaining to our revenues disaggregated by major product line and primary geographic market based on the location of the use of the products or services for each of the Company’s business segments for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020:
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| Private Banks |  | Investment Advisors |  | Institutional Investors |  | Investment Managers |  | Investments In New Businesses |  | Total
Major Product Lines: | For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Investment management fees from pooled investment products | $ | 100,484 |  |  | $ | 224,816 |  |  | $ | 41,365 |  |  | $ | 105 |  |  | $ | 993 |  |  | $ | 367,763 |
Investment management fees from investment management agreements | 1,681 |  |  | 114,747 |  |  | 213,249 |  |  | — |  |  | 10,811 |  |  | 340,488 |
Investment operations fees | 1,134 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 394,401 |  |  | — |  |  | 395,535 |
Investment processing fees - PaaS | 160,813 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 160,813 |
Investment processing fees - SaaS | 84,831 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11,409 |  |  | — |  |  | 96,240 |
Professional services fees | 12,509 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,885 |  |  | — |  |  | 15,394 |
Account fees and other | 2,850 |  |  | 17,895 |  |  | 1,343 |  |  | 17,839 |  |  | 499 |  |  | 40,426 |
Total revenues | $ | 364,302 |  |  | $ | 357,458 |  |  | $ | 255,957 |  |  | $ | 426,639 |  |  | $ | 12,303 |  |  | $ | 1,416,659 |
Primary Geographic Markets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
United States | $ | 231,203 |  |  | $ | 357,458 |  |  | $ | 203,322 |  |  | $ | 396,598 |  |  | $ | 12,303 |  |  | $ | 1,200,884 |
United Kingdom | 83,514 |  |  | — |  |  | 41,091 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 124,605 |
Canada | 35,977 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,426 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 39,403 |
Ireland | 13,608 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,735 |  |  | 30,041 |  |  | — |  |  | 51,384 |
Other | — |  |  | — |  |  | 383 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 383 |
Total revenues | $ | 364,302 |  |  | $ | 357,458 |  |  | $ | 255,957 |  |  | $ | 426,639 |  |  | $ | 12,303 |  |  | $ | 1,416,659 |

| Private Banks |  | Investment Advisors |  | Institutional Investors |  | Investment Managers |  | Investments In New Businesses |  | Total
Major Product Lines: | For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Investment management fees from pooled investment products | $ | 95,407 |  |  | $ | 200,718 |  |  | $ | 39,628 |  |  | $ | 536 |  |  | $ | 1,063 |  |  | $ | 337,352 |
Investment management fees from investment management agreements | 1,060 |  |  | 83,726 |  |  | 194,445 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,912 |  |  | 288,143 |
Investment operations fees | 1,359 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 328,316 |  |  | — |  |  | 329,675 |
Investment processing fees - PaaS | 137,737 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 137,737 |
Investment processing fees - SaaS | 84,783 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10,122 |  |  | — |  |  | 94,905 |
Professional services fees | 11,535 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,674 |  |  | — |  |  | 16,209 |
Account fees and other | 3,858 |  |  | 14,774 |  |  | 1,236 |  |  | 16,167 |  |  | 279 |  |  | 36,314 |
Total revenues | $ | 335,739 |  |  | $ | 299,218 |  |  | $ | 235,309 |  |  | $ | 359,815 |  |  | $ | 10,254 |  |  | $ | 1,240,335 |
Primary Geographic Markets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
United States | $ | 220,254 |  |  | $ | 299,218 |  |  | $ | 185,202 |  |  | $ | 335,776 |  |  | $ | 10,254 |  |  | $ | 1,050,704 |
United Kingdom | 71,938 |  |  | — |  |  | 38,034 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 109,972 |
Canada | 30,723 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,327 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 35,050 |
Ireland | 12,824 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,321 |  |  | 24,039 |  |  | — |  |  | 44,184 |
Other | — |  |  | — |  |  | 425 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 425 |
Total revenues | $ | 335,739 |  |  | $ | 299,218 |  |  | $ | 235,309 |  |  | $ | 359,815 |  |  | $ | 10,254 |  |  | $ | 1,240,335 |

Investment management fees from pooled investment products - Revenues associated with clients' assets invested in Company-sponsored pooled investment products. Contractual fees are stated as a percentage of the market value of
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assets under management and collected on a monthly basis. Revenues are recognized in Asset management, administration and distribution fees on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Investment management fees from investment management agreements - Revenues based on assets of clients of the Institutional Investors segment primarily invested in Company-sponsored products. Each client is charged an investment management fee that is stated as a percentage of the market value of all assets under management. The client is billed directly on a quarterly basis. Revenues are recognized in Asset management, administration and distribution fees on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Revenues associated with the separately managed account program offered through registered investment advisors located throughout the United States. The contractual fee is stated as a percentage of the market value of all assets invested in the separately managed account and collected on a quarterly basis. Revenues are recognized in Asset management, administration and distribution fees on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Investment operations fees - Revenues earned from accounting and administrative services, distribution support services and regulatory and compliance services to investment management firms and family offices. The Company contracts directly with the investment management firm or family office. The contractual fees are stated as a percentage of net assets under administration and billed when asset valuations are finalized. Revenues are recognized in Asset management, administration and distribution fees on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Investment processing fees - Platform as a Service - Revenues associated with clients that outsource their entire investment operation and back-office processing functions. Through the use of the Company's proprietary platforms, the Company assumes all back-office investment processing services including investment processing, custody and safekeeping of assets, income collections, securities settlement and other related trust activities. The contractual fee is based on either a monthly fee or a percentage of the value of assets processed on the Company's platforms each month as long as the fee is in excess of a monthly contractual minimum. The contractual fee may also include additional fees determined on a per-account or per-transaction basis. The client is billed directly on a monthly basis. Revenues are recognized in Information processing and software servicing fees on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Investment processing fees - Software as a Service - Revenues associated with clients that outsource investment processing technology software and computer processing by accessing our proprietary software and data center remotely but retain responsibility for all investment operations, client administration and other back-office trust operations. The contractual fee is based on a monthly fee plus additional fees determined on a per-account or per-transaction basis. The client is billed directly on a monthly basis. Revenues are recognized in Information processing and software servicing fees on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Professional services fees - Revenues associated with the business services migration for investment processing clients of the Private Banks segment and investment operations clients of the Investment Managers segment. In addition, Professional services include other services such as business transformation consulting. Typically, fees are stated as a contractual fixed fee. The client is billed directly and fees are collected according to the terms of the agreement.
Account fees and other - Revenues associated with custody account servicing, account terminations, reimbursements received for out-of-pocket expenses, and other fees for the provision of ancillary services.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
(In thousands, except asset balances and per share data)
This discussion reviews and analyzes the consolidated financial condition, the consolidated results of operations and other key factors that may affect future performance. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements, the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements and the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.
Overview
Consolidated Summary
SEI is a leading global provider of technology-driven wealth and investment management solutions. We deliver comprehensive platforms, services and infrastructure—encompassing technology, operational, and investment management services—to help wealth managers, financial advisors, investment managers, family offices, institutional and private investors create and manage wealth. Investment processing fees are earned as either monthly fees for contracted services or as a percentage of the market value of our clients' assets processed on our platforms. Investment operations and investment management fees are earned as a percentage of assets under management, administration or advised assets (See Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information pertaining to our revenues). As of September 30, 2021, through our subsidiaries and partnerships in which we have a significant interest, we manage, advise or administer $1.3 trillion in hedge, private equity, mutual fund and pooled or separately managed assets, including $391.5 billion in assets under management and $866.3 billion in client assets under administration. Our affiliate, LSV Asset Management (LSV), manages $97.6 billion of assets which are included as assets under management.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 were:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Percent Change* |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, |  | Percent Change*
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |
Revenues | $ | 485,322 |  |  | $ | 424,927 |  |  | 14% |  | $ | 1,416,659 |  |  | $ | 1,240,335 |  |  | 14%
Expenses | 344,197 |  |  | 313,590 |  |  | 10% |  | 1,006,676 |  |  | 918,458 |  |  | 10%
Income from operations | 141,125 |  |  | 111,337 |  |  | 27% |  | 409,983 |  |  | 321,877 |  |  | 27%
Net (loss) gain from investments | (575) |  |  | 776 |  |  | NM |  | 134 |  |  | (1,310) |  |  | NM
Interest income, net of interest expense | 791 |  |  | 856 |  |  | (8)% |  | 2,361 |  |  | 5,126 |  |  | (54)%
Equity in earnings from unconsolidated affiliate | 35,005 |  |  | 28,305 |  |  | 24% |  | 103,420 |  |  | 86,488 |  |  | 20%
Income before income taxes | 176,346 |  |  | 141,274 |  |  | 25% |  | 515,898 |  |  | 412,181 |  |  | 25%
Income taxes | 38,301 |  |  | 30,178 |  |  | 27% |  | 114,605 |  |  | 90,777 |  |  | 26%
Net income | 138,045 |  |  | 111,096 |  |  | 24% |  | 401,293 |  |  | 321,404 |  |  | 25%
Diluted earnings per common share | $ | 0.97 |  |  | $ | 0.75 |  |  | 29% |  | $ | 2.79 |  |  | $ | 2.14 |  |  | 30%

* Variances noted "NM" indicate the percent change is not meaningful.
The following items had a significant impact on our financial results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020:
•Revenue from Asset management, administration and distribution fees increased from higher average assets under administration from market appreciation and positive cash flows from new and existing clients. Average assets under administration increased $148.2 billion, or 21%, to $845.2 billion in the first nine months of 2021 as compared to $697.0 billion during the first nine months of 2020.
•Average assets under management, excluding LSV, increased $54.6 billion, or 23%, to $291.3 billion in the first nine months of 2021 as compared to $236.7 billion during the first nine months of 2020. The increase was primarily due to market appreciation from the recovery of the capital markets during the later half of 2020 and first half of 2021. Defined benefit plan client losses in the Institutional Investors segment partially offset the increase and negatively impacted our asset-based revenues.
•Information processing and software servicing fees in the Private Banks segment increased $23.8 million during the first nine months of 2021 due to higher asset balances processed on SWP.
•Earnings from LSV increased to $103.4 million in the first nine months of 2021 as compared to $86.5 million in the first nine months of 2020 due to higher assets under management from market appreciation and new clients. Negative cash flows from existing clients and client losses partially offset the increase in earnings from LSV.
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•Operating expenses increased primarily from direct costs related to increased revenues and higher personnel costs due to business growth and competitive labor markets.
•Stock-based compensation expense increased $10.7 million during the first nine months of 2021 due to equity awards in late 2020 and from a change in estimate of the timing of when stock-option vesting targets would be achieved.
•We capitalized $19.4 million in the first nine months of 2021 for the SEI Wealth Platform as compared to $17.2 million in the first nine months of 2020. Amortization expense related to SWP increased to $35.8 million during the first nine months of 2021 as compared to $32.6 million during the first nine months of 2020 due to additional enhancements placed in service.
•We continued the stock repurchase program during 2021 and purchased 5.2 million shares for $316.1 million in the nine month period.
Impact of COVID-19 and Other Events
The occurrence of unforeseen or catastrophic events, including the emergence of a pandemic or other widespread health emergency or concerns over the possibility of such an emergency, could create economic and financial disruptions, and could lead to operational difficulties that could impair our ability to manage our business. In December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus (COVID-19) was identified in Wuhan, China. COVID-19 quickly spread globally, leading the World Health Organization to declare the COVID-19 virus outbreak a global pandemic in March 2020. Since that time, governmental authorities have implemented numerous and varying measures to stall the spread and ameliorate the impact of COVID-19, including travel bans and restrictions, quarantines, curfews, shelter in place and safer-at-home orders, business shutdowns and closures, and have also implemented multi-step policies with the goal of re-opening domestic and global markets. Certain jurisdictions have begun re-opening only to return to restrictions in the face of increases in new COVID-19 cases. Recent developments include the phased re-opening of domestic and global markets to varying degrees.
In March 2020, we executed upon our business resiliency and contingency plans. To date, our remote capabilities have proven to be effective during the disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic with almost the entire workforce working remotely, with only a very limited number of on-site activities in our operational offices continuing to be performed.
We continue to closely monitor the domestic and international landscape for changes in governmental measures both in the United States and in the locations where we rely on critical outsourced services. We continue to be in regular contact with regulators, clients and vendors to confirm the measures taken to continue operating during this crisis, taking into consideration the latest announcements from state and federal authorities. We are also in continuous communication with our workforce to provide for the health and welfare of our employees working remotely and have implemented a return plan that is available for review on our website for those employees working in our operational offices. We will monitor the ability of these individuals to work as safely as possible at our offices and make adjustments to the number of on-site personnel (either increases or decreases) accordingly. We expect that the individual circumstances of our employees regarding school, childcare, care-giving and underlying health concerns will significantly impact our ability to return staff to their primary office locations.
The majority of our revenues are based on the value of assets invested in investment products that we manage or administer which are affected by changes in the capital markets and the portfolio strategy of our clients or their customers. The strong recovery of the capital markets after the widespread economic shutdowns in response to the emergence of the pandemic has had a positive impact on our asset-based fees thereby increasing our base revenues. Any prolonged future downturns in general capital market conditions or long-term client portfolio strategies directing significant assets into lower margin products could have adverse effects on our revenues and earnings derived from assets under management and administration.
While we have developed and implemented and continue to develop and implement health and safety protocols, business continuity plans and crisis management protocols designed to mitigate the potentially negative impact of COVID-19 to our employees and our business, the extent of the impact of the pandemic on our business and financial results will continue to depend on numerous evolving factors that we are not able to accurately predict and which will vary by market, including the duration and scope of the pandemic, the effectiveness of vaccinations, the implications arising out of the emerging and potentially yet to be identified variants of COVID-19, global economic conditions during and after the pandemic, governmental actions that have been taken, or may be taken in the future, in response to the pandemic, the extent that critical public and private infrastructure functions upon which we rely are suspended and changes in investor and consumer behavior in response to the pandemic. The resulting market conditions may adversely affect our revenues and earnings derived from assets under management and administration.
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On May 17, 2020, M.J. Brunner (Brunner), one of our third-party developers/vendors that provides development services and application management for two of our client applications experienced a ransomware attack. We are aware that certain client data was illegally accessed and revealed by cybercriminal(s). The applications themselves were not compromised by this attack. The root cause of the attack was not predicated on vulnerability within SEI’s network, and neither SEI’s network nor operations were compromised, attacked or otherwise affected as part of this incident. While there were direct and indirect expenses associated with the incident in each fiscal quarter since the incident, and we expect there will continue to be costs associated with the incident going-forward, we do not expect these will be material. We note that several regulatory bodies who routinely review our operations, including the SEC and the United States Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (FFIEC), have requested information with respect to, and are investigating the facts and circumstances surrounding, the ransomware attack on Brunner. We have produced information in connection with and continue to cooperate in the ongoing investigation being conducted by the SEC’s Division of Enforcement relating to this matter. Additionally, the SEC’s Division of Examinations concluded its examination of our regulated entities and found limited and discrete deficiencies in the execution of our third-party vendor management program as it pertained to Brunner. While we have identified no causal connection between the Examination findings and the Brunner ransomware attack, we take our clients’ security very seriously and have responded to the Staff’s Examination findings and are documenting further enhancements to our third-party vendor management program.
One SEI SM Strategy
In 2020, we invested in our One SEI strategy. The One SEI strategy is a company-wide initiative to open business opportunities across the entire company by leveraging existing and new SEI platforms and making them accessible to all types of clients, adjacent markets and other non-SEI platforms. As we execute on our strategy, we have incurred significant costs during 2020 and throughout 2021 to integrate, modularize and leverage these technologies in our service offerings for the front, middle and back-office. The majority of these costs have been recognized in the Investments in New Businesses segment. To date, we have not capitalized any software development costs related to the One SEI strategy. We expect these investments will continue during the fourth quarter of 2021 and into 2022 as we continue to deliver on our One SEI strategy.
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Ending Asset Balances
(In millions)

| As of September 30, |  | Percent Change
| 2021 |  | 2020 |
Private Banks: |  |  |  |  |
Equity and fixed-income programs | $ | 25,618 |  |  | $ | 23,499 |  |  | 9%
Collective trust fund programs | 6 |  |  | 6 |  |  | —%
Liquidity funds | 3,988 |  |  | 3,718 |  |  | 7%
Total assets under management | $ | 29,612 |  |  | $ | 27,223 |  |  | 9%
Client assets under administration | 4,675 |  |  | 24,174 |  |  | (81)%
Total assets | $ | 34,287 |  |  | $ | 51,397 |  |  | (33)%
Investment Advisors: |  |  |  |  |
Equity and fixed-income programs | $ | 78,560 |  |  | $ | 65,581 |  |  | 20%
Collective trust fund programs | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | (100)%
Liquidity funds | 3,477 |  |  | 3,866 |  |  | (10)%
Total Platform assets under management | $ | 82,037 |  |  | $ | 69,450 |  |  | 18%
Platform-only assets (E) | 13,728 |  |  | 10,506 |  |  | 31%
Total Platform assets (E) | $ | 95,765 |  |  | $ | 79,956 |  |  | 20%
Institutional Investors: |  |  |  |  |
Equity and fixed-income programs | $ | 89,441 |  |  | $ | 83,846 |  |  | 7%
Collective trust fund programs | 5 |  |  | 101 |  |  | (95)%
Liquidity funds | 2,599 |  |  | 2,096 |  |  | 24%
Total assets under management | $ | 92,045 |  |  | $ | 86,043 |  |  | 7%
Client assets under advisement | 4,698 |  |  | 3,618 |  |  | 30%
Total assets | $ | 96,743 |  |  | $ | 89,661 |  |  | 8%
Investment Managers: |  |  |  |  |
Collective trust fund programs | $ | 87,488 |  |  | $ | 63,277 |  |  | 38%
Liquidity funds | 568 |  |  | 389 |  |  | 46%
Total assets under management | $ | 88,056 |  |  | $ | 63,666 |  |  | 38%
Client assets under administration (A) | 861,605 |  |  | 730,369 |  |  | 18%
Total assets | $ | 949,661 |  |  | $ | 794,035 |  |  | 20%
Investments in New Businesses: |  |  |  |  |
Equity and fixed-income programs | $ | 1,964 |  |  | $ | 1,572 |  |  | 25%
Liquidity funds | 202 |  |  | 169 |  |  | 20%
Total assets under management | $ | 2,166 |  |  | $ | 1,741 |  |  | 24%
Client assets under advisement | 1,378 |  |  | 1,179 |  |  | 17%
Total assets | $ | 3,544 |  |  | $ | 2,920 |  |  | 21%
LSV: |  |  |  |  |
Equity and fixed-income programs (B) | $ | 97,604 |  |  | $ | 82,051 |  |  | 19%

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Total: |  |  |  |  |
Equity and fixed-income programs (C) | $ | 293,187 |  |  | $ | 256,549 |  |  | 14%
Collective trust fund programs | 87,499 |  |  | 63,387 |  |  | 38%
Liquidity funds | 10,834 |  |  | 10,238 |  |  | 6%
Total assets under management | $ | 391,520 |  |  | $ | 330,174 |  |  | 19%
Client assets under advisement | 6,076 |  |  | 4,797 |  |  | 27%
Client assets under administration (D) | 866,280 |  |  | 754,543 |  |  | 15%
Platform-only assets | 13,728 |  |  | 10,506 |  |  | 31%
Total assets | $ | 1,277,604 |  |  | $ | 1,100,020 |  |  | 16%

(A)Client assets under administration in the Investment Managers segment include $12.3 billion of assets that are at fee levels below our normal full service assets (as of September 30, 2021).
(B) Equity and fixed-income programs include assets managed by LSV in which fees are based on performance only. The ending value of these assets as of September 30, 2021 was $2.3 billion.
(C) Equity and fixed-income programs include $7.8 billion of assets invested in various asset allocation funds at September 30, 2021.
(D) In addition to the numbers presented, SEI also administers an additional $13.7 billion in Funds of Funds assets (as of September 30, 2021) on which SEI does not earn an administration fee.
(E) Platform assets under management and Platform-only assets combined are total Platform assets in the Investment Advisors segment.
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Average Asset Balances
(In millions)

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Percent Change |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, |  | Percent Change
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |
Private Banks: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity and fixed-income programs | $ | 26,232 |  |  | $ | 23,740 |  |  | 10% |  | $ | 25,809 |  |  | $ | 23,542 |  |  | 10%
Collective trust fund programs | 6 |  |  | 7 |  |  | (14)% |  | 6 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 20%
Liquidity funds | 3,916 |  |  | 3,948 |  |  | (1)% |  | 3,875 |  |  | 3,965 |  |  | (2)%
Total assets under management | $ | 30,154 |  |  | $ | 27,695 |  |  | 9% |  | $ | 29,690 |  |  | $ | 27,512 |  |  | 8%
Client assets under administration | 4,476 |  |  | 25,295 |  |  | (82)% |  | 4,399 |  |  | 24,651 |  |  | (82)%
Total assets | $ | 34,630 |  |  | $ | 52,990 |  |  | (35)% |  | $ | 34,089 |  |  | $ | 52,163 |  |  | (35)%
Investment Advisors: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity and fixed-income programs | $ | 79,602 |  |  | $ | 64,479 |  |  | 23% |  | $ | 76,560 |  |  | $ | 62,280 |  |  | 23%
Collective trust fund programs | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | (100)% |  | 1 |  |  | 3 |  |  | (67)%
Liquidity funds | 3,403 |  |  | 4,569 |  |  | (26)% |  | 3,464 |  |  | 4,925 |  |  | (30)%
Total Platform assets under management | $ | 83,005 |  |  | $ | 69,051 |  |  | 20% |  | $ | 80,025 |  |  | $ | 67,208 |  |  | 19%
Platform-only assets (E) | 13,863 |  |  | 10,501 |  |  | 32% |  | 13,120 |  |  | 9,481 |  |  | 38%
Total Platform assets (E) | $ | 96,868 |  |  | $ | 79,552 |  |  | 22% |  | $ | 93,145 |  |  | $ | 76,689 |  |  | 21%
Institutional Investors: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity and fixed-income programs | $ | 91,965 |  |  | $ | 82,830 |  |  | 11% |  | $ | 92,257 |  |  | $ | 79,931 |  |  | 15%
Collective trust fund programs | 5 |  |  | 102 |  |  | (95)% |  | 56 |  |  | 96 |  |  | (42)%
Liquidity funds | 2,742 |  |  | 2,120 |  |  | 29% |  | 2,681 |  |  | 2,313 |  |  | 16%
Total assets under management | $ | 94,712 |  |  | $ | 85,052 |  |  | 11% |  | $ | 94,994 |  |  | $ | 82,340 |  |  | 15%
Client assets under advisement | 4,658 |  |  | 3,565 |  |  | 31% |  | 4,440 |  |  | 3,562 |  |  | 25%
Total assets | $ | 99,370 |  |  | $ | 88,617 |  |  | 12% |  | $ | 99,434 |  |  | $ | 85,902 |  |  | 16%
Investment Managers: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collective trust fund programs | $ | 89,441 |  |  | $ | 62,028 |  |  | 44% |  | $ | 84,010 |  |  | $ | 57,347 |  |  | 46%
Liquidity funds | 532 |  |  | 565 |  |  | (6)% |  | 497 |  |  | 555 |  |  | (10)%
Total assets under management | $ | 89,973 |  |  | $ | 62,593 |  |  | 44% |  | $ | 84,507 |  |  | $ | 57,902 |  |  | 46%
Client assets under administration (A) | 851,183 |  |  | 713,528 |  |  | 19% |  | 840,774 |  |  | 672,309 |  |  | 25%
Total assets | $ | 941,156 |  |  | $ | 776,121 |  |  | 21% |  | $ | 925,281 |  |  | $ | 730,211 |  |  | 27%
Investments in New Businesses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity and fixed-income programs | $ | 1,958 |  |  | $ | 1,560 |  |  | 26% |  | $ | 1,857 |  |  | $ | 1,564 |  |  | 19%
Liquidity funds | 205 |  |  | 180 |  |  | 14% |  | 203 |  |  | 177 |  |  | 15%
Total assets under management | $ | 2,163 |  |  | $ | 1,740 |  |  | 24% |  | $ | 2,060 |  |  | $ | 1,741 |  |  | 18%
Client assets under advisement | 1,423 |  |  | 1,206 |  |  | 18% |  | 1,385 |  |  | 1,192 |  |  | 16%
Total assets | $ | 3,586 |  |  | $ | 2,946 |  |  | 22% |  | $ | 3,445 |  |  | $ | 2,933 |  |  | 17%
LSV: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity and fixed-income programs (B) | $ | 99,924 |  |  | $ | 83,536 |  |  | 20% |  | $ | 100,328 |  |  | $ | 83,997 |  |  | 19%

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Total: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity and fixed-income programs (C) | $ | 299,681 |  |  | $ | 256,145 |  |  | 17% |  | $ | 296,811 |  |  | $ | 251,314 |  |  | 18%
Collective trust fund programs | 89,452 |  |  | 62,140 |  |  | 44% |  | 84,073 |  |  | 57,451 |  |  | 46%
Liquidity funds | 10,798 |  |  | 11,382 |  |  | (5)% |  | 10,720 |  |  | 11,935 |  |  | (10)%
Total assets under management | $ | 399,931 |  |  | $ | 329,667 |  |  | 21% |  | $ | 391,604 |  |  | $ | 320,700 |  |  | 22%
Client assets under advisement | 6,081 |  |  | 4,771 |  |  | 27% |  | 5,825 |  |  | 4,754 |  |  | 23%
Client assets under administration (D) | 855,659 |  |  | 738,823 |  |  | 16% |  | 845,173 |  |  | 696,960 |  |  | 21%
Platform-only assets | 13,863 |  |  | 10,501 |  |  | 32% |  | 13,120 |  |  | 9,481 |  |  | 38%
Total assets | $ | 1,275,534 |  |  | $ | 1,083,762 |  |  | 18% |  | $ | 1,255,722 |  |  | $ | 1,031,895 |  |  | 22%

(A) Average client assets under administration in the Investment Managers segment for the three months ended September 30, 2021 include $12.5 billion that are at fee levels below our normal full service assets.
(B) Equity and fixed-income programs include assets managed by LSV in which fees are based on performance only. The average value of these assets for the three months ended September 30, 2021 was $2.4 billion.
(C) Equity and fixed-income programs include $7.8 billion of average assets invested in various asset allocation funds for the three months ended September 30, 2021.
(D) In addition to the numbers presented, SEI also administers an additional $13.6 billion of average assets in Funds of Funds assets for the three months ended September 30, 2021 on which SEI does not earn an administration fee.
(E) Platform assets under management and Platform-only assets combined are total Platform assets in the Investment Advisors segment.
In the preceding tables, assets under management are total assets of our clients or their customers invested in equity and fixed-income investment programs, collective trust fund programs, and liquidity funds for which we provide asset management services through our subsidiaries and partnerships in which we have a significant interest. Assets under advisement include assets for which we provide advisory services through a subsidiary to the accounts but do not manage the underlying assets. Assets under administration include total assets of our clients or their customers for which we provide administrative services, including client fund balances for which we provide administration and/or distribution services through our subsidiaries and partnerships in which we have a significant interest. Platform-only assets include total assets of our clients or their customers which are not invested in any SEI-sponsored investment products. The assets presented in the preceding tables do not include assets processed on SWP and are not included in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets because we do not own them.
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Business Segments
Revenues, Expenses and Operating Profit (Loss) for our business segments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 were as follows:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Percent Change |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, |  | Percent Change
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |
Private Banks: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues | $ | 123,018 |  |  | $ | 114,792 |  |  | 7% |  | $ | 364,302 |  |  | $ | 335,739 |  |  | 9%
Expenses | 116,679 |  |  | 113,066 |  |  | 3% |  | 345,057 |  |  | 331,442 |  |  | 4%
Operating Profit | $ | 6,339 |  |  | $ | 1,726 |  |  | NM |  | $ | 19,245 |  |  | $ | 4,297 |  |  | NM
Operating Margin | 5 | % |  | 2 | % |  |  |  | 5 | % |  | 1 | % |  |
Investment Advisors: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues | $ | 124,768 |  |  | $ | 103,189 |  |  | 21% |  | $ | 357,458 |  |  | $ | 299,218 |  |  | 19%
Expenses | 62,107 |  |  | 51,519 |  |  | 21% |  | 176,267 |  |  | 154,100 |  |  | 14%
Operating Profit | $ | 62,661 |  |  | $ | 51,670 |  |  | 21% |  | $ | 181,191 |  |  | $ | 145,118 |  |  | 25%
Operating Margin | 50 | % |  | 50 | % |  |  |  | 51 | % |  | 48 | % |  |
Institutional Investors: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues | $ | 85,759 |  |  | $ | 79,583 |  |  | 8% |  | $ | 255,957 |  |  | $ | 235,309 |  |  | 9%
Expenses | 41,643 |  |  | 37,812 |  |  | 10% |  | 122,696 |  |  | 113,016 |  |  | 9%
Operating Profit | $ | 44,116 |  |  | $ | 41,771 |  |  | 6% |  | $ | 133,261 |  |  | $ | 122,293 |  |  | 9%
Operating Margin | 51 | % |  | 52 | % |  |  |  | 52 | % |  | 52 | % |  |
Investment Managers: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues | $ | 147,412 |  |  | $ | 123,846 |  |  | 19% |  | $ | 426,639 |  |  | $ | 359,815 |  |  | 19%
Expenses | 89,594 |  |  | 79,838 |  |  | 12% |  | 257,609 |  |  | 228,795 |  |  | 13%
Operating Profit | $ | 57,818 |  |  | $ | 44,008 |  |  | 31% |  | $ | 169,030 |  |  | $ | 131,020 |  |  | 29%
Operating Margin | 39 | % |  | 36 | % |  |  |  | 40 | % |  | 36 | % |  |
Investments in New Businesses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues | $ | 4,365 |  |  | $ | 3,517 |  |  | 24% |  | $ | 12,303 |  |  | $ | 10,254 |  |  | 20%
Expenses | 12,820 |  |  | 13,315 |  |  | (4)% |  | 39,855 |  |  | 37,691 |  |  | 6%
Operating Loss | $ | (8,455) |  |  | $ | (9,798) |  |  | NM |  | $ | (27,552) |  |  | $ | (27,437) |  |  | NM

For additional information pertaining to our business segments, see Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Private Banks

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Percent Change |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, |  | Percent Change
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Information processing and software servicing fees | $ | 88,340 |  |  | $ | 81,811 |  |  | 8% |  | $ | 261,907 |  |  | $ | 238,099 |  |  | 10%
Asset management, administration & distribution fees | 34,678 |  |  | 32,981 |  |  | 5% |  | 102,395 |  |  | 97,640 |  |  | 5%
Total revenues | $ | 123,018 |  |  | $ | 114,792 |  |  | 7% |  | $ | 364,302 |  |  | $ | 335,739 |  |  | 9%

Revenues increased $8.2 million, or 7%, in the three month period and increased $28.6 million, or 9%, in the nine month period ended September 30, 2021 and were primarily affected by:
•Increased investment processing fees from new SWP client conversions and growth from existing SWP clients, partially due to market appreciation;
•Increased investment management fees from existing international clients due to market appreciation;
•Increased non-recurring professional service fees from existing clients and one-time early termination fees from an existing TRUST 3000® client; and
•The positive impact from foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations between the U.S. dollar and the British
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pound on our foreign operations; partially offset by
•Decreased investment processing fees from the loss of clients; and
•Decreased investment management fees from liquidity products.
Operating margins increased to 5% in the three and nine month periods. Operating margins in the prior year comparable periods were essentially flat. Operating income increased by $4.6 million in the three month period and increased by $14.9 million in the nine month period and was primarily affected by:
•An increase in revenues;
•Decreased non-capitalized costs, mainly personnel and consulting costs, related to maintenance, support and client migrations to SWP; and
•The net positive impact from foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations between the U.S. dollar and the British pound on our foreign operations; partially offset by
•Increased direct expenses associated with increased investment management fees from existing international clients;
•Increased amortization expense related to SWP; and
•Increased personnel and stock-based compensation costs.
Investment Advisors

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Percent Change |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, |  | Percent Change
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment management fees-SEI fund programs | $ | 77,123 |  |  | $ | 68,287 |  |  | 13% |  | $ | 224,816 |  |  | $ | 200,718 |  |  | 12%
Separately managed account fees | 41,688 |  |  | 29,761 |  |  | 40% |  | 114,747 |  |  | 83,726 |  |  | 37%
Other fees | 5,957 |  |  | 5,141 |  |  | 16% |  | 17,895 |  |  | 14,774 |  |  | 21%
Total revenues | $ | 124,768 |  |  | $ | 103,189 |  |  | 21% |  | $ | 357,458 |  |  | $ | 299,218 |  |  | 19%

Revenues increased $21.6 million, or 21%, in the three month period and increased $58.2 million, or 19%, in the nine month period ended September 30, 2021 and were primarily affected by:
•Increased separately managed account program fees from positive cash flows into new and existing SEI-sponsored programs; and
•The positive impact to investment management fees from market appreciation; partially offset by
•Negative cash flows from SEI-sponsored mutual funds.
Operating margin remained at 50% in the three month period and increased to 51% compared to 48% in the nine month period. Operating income increased $11.0 million, or 21%, in the three month period and increased $36.1 million, or 25%, in the nine month period and was primarily affected by:
•An increase in revenues; partially offset by
•Increased direct expenses associated with increased assets into our separately managed account program; and
•Increased promotion costs as well as increased personnel and stock-based compensation costs.
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Institutional Investors
Revenues increased $6.2 million, or 8%, in the three month period and increased $20.6 million, or 9%, in the nine month period ended September 30, 2021 and were primarily affected by:
•Increased investment management fees from market appreciation;
•Asset funding from new sales of our OCIO platform;
•Performance fees associated with an SEI-sponsored investment product during the third-quarter 2021; and
•The positive impact from foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations between the U.S. dollar and the British pound on our foreign operations; partially offset by
•Defined benefit client losses.
Operating margin decreased to 51% compared to 52% in the three month period and remained at 52% in the nine month period. Operating income increased $2.3 million, or 6%, in the three month period and increased $11.0 million, or 9%, in the nine month period and was primarily affected by:
•An increase in revenues; partially offset by
•Increased direct expenses associated with investment management fees; and
•Increased personnel and stock-based compensation costs.
Investment Managers
Revenues increased $23.6 million, or 19%, in the three month period and increased $66.8 million, or 19%, in the nine month period ended September 30, 2021 and were primarily affected by:
•Higher valuations of existing client assets from market appreciation; and
•Positive cash flows into alternative, traditional and separately managed account offerings from new and existing clients; partially offset by
•Client losses and fund closures.
Operating margin increased to 39% compared to 36% in the three month period and increased to 40% compared to 36% in the nine month period. Operating income increased $13.8 million, or 31%, in the three month period and increased $38.0 million, or 29%, in the nine month period and was primarily affected by:
•An increase in revenues; partially offset by
•Increased costs associated with new business, primarily personnel expenses and third-party vendor costs;
•Increased non-capitalized investment spending, mainly consulting costs; and
•Increased stock-based compensation costs
Other
Corporate overhead expenses
Corporate overhead expenses primarily consist of general and administrative expenses and other costs not directly attributable to a reportable business segment. Corporate overhead expenses were $21.4 million and $18.0 million in the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $65.2 million and $53.4 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The increase in corporate overhead expenses is primarily due to an increase in personnel costs, stock-based compensation, consulting and professional fees.
Other income and expense
Other income and expense items on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations consists of:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Net (loss) gain from investments | $ | (575) |  |  | $ | 776 |  |  | $ | 134 |  |  | $ | (1,310) |
Interest and dividend income | 892 |  |  | 1,009 |  |  | 2,715 |  |  | 5,582 |
Interest expense | (101) |  |  | (153) |  |  | (354) |  |  | (456) |
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate | 35,005 |  |  | 28,305 |  |  | 103,420 |  |  | 86,488 |
Total other income and expense items, net | $ | 35,221 |  |  | $ | 29,937 |  |  | $ | 105,915 |  |  | $ | 90,304 |

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Interest and dividend income
Interest and dividend income is earned based upon the amount of cash that is invested daily. The decrease in interest and dividend income in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 was due to an overall decline in interest rates.
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate reflects our ownership interest in LSV. As of September 30, 2021, our total partnership interest in LSV was 38.7%. The table below presents the revenues and net income of LSV and the proportionate share in LSV's earnings.

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Percent Change |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, |  | Percent Change
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |
Revenues of LSV | $ | 115,728 |  |  | $ | 94,902 |  |  | 22% |  | $ | 342,957 |  |  | $ | 289,546 |  |  | 18%
Net income of LSV | 90,365 |  |  | 70,440 |  |  | 28% |  | 266,805 |  |  | 220,184 |  |  | 21%
SEI's proportionate share in earnings of LSV | $ | 35,005 |  |  | $ | 28,305 |  |  | 24% |  | $ | 103,420 |  |  | $ | 86,488 |  |  | 20%

The increase in earnings from LSV in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 was primarily due to higher assets under management from market appreciation. Negative cash flows from existing clients and client losses partially offset the increase in earnings from LSV. Average assets under management by LSV increased $16.3 billion to $100.3 billion during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to $84.0 billion during the nine months ended September 30, 2020, an increase of 19%.
Income Taxes
The effective income tax rates for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 differ from the federal income tax statutory rate due to the following:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Statutory rate | 21.0 | % |  | 21.0 | % |  | 21.0 | % |  | 21.0 | %
State taxes, net of federal tax benefit | 2.5 |  |  | 3.3 |  |  | 3.0 |  |  | 3.2 |
Foreign tax expense and tax rate differential | (0.1) |  |  | (0.2) |  |  | (0.1) |  |  | (0.1) |
Tax benefit from stock option exercises | (0.6) |  |  | (0.4) |  |  | (1.0) |  |  | (1.0) |
Expiration of the statute of limitations | — |  |  | (1.3) |  |  | — |  |  | (0.5) |
Provision-to-return adjustment | (0.5) |  |  | (0.4) |  |  | (0.2) |  |  | (0.1) |
Other, net | (0.3) |  |  | (0.6) |  |  | (0.3) |  |  | (0.5) |
| 21.7 | % |  | 21.4 | % |  | 22.2 | % |  | 22.0 | %

Stock-Based Compensation
We recognized $31.2 million and $20.5 million in stock-based compensation expense during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The amount of stock-based compensation expense we recognize is based upon management's estimate of when financial vesting targets may be achieved. Any change in the estimate could result in the amount of stock-based compensation expense to be accelerated, spread out over a longer period, or reversed. This may cause volatility in the recognition of stock-based compensation expense in future periods and could materially affect earnings.
We revised our estimate of when some vesting targets are expected to be achieved. This change in estimate resulted in an increase of $3.2 million in stock-based compensation expense during the nine months ended September 30, 2021. We expect to recognize $13.1 million in stock-based compensation expense during the remainder of 2021.
Fair Value Measurements
The fair value of financial assets and liabilities, except for the investment funds sponsored by LSV, is determined in accordance with the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of the investment funds sponsored by LSV is measured using the net asset value per share (NAV) as a practical expedient. The fair value of all other financial assets are determined using Level 1 or Level 2 inputs and consist mainly of investments in equity or fixed-income mutual funds that are quoted daily and Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA) and other U.S. government agency securities that are single
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issuer pools that are valued based on current market data of similar assets. Level 3 financial liabilities at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 consist entirely of the estimated contingent consideration resulting from an acquisition (See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
Regulatory Matters
Like many firms operating within the financial services industry, we are experiencing a complex and changing regulatory environment across our markets. Our current scale and reach as a provider to the financial services industry, the introduction and implementation of new solutions for our financial services industry clients, the increased regulatory oversight of the financial services industry generally, new laws and regulations affecting the financial services industry and ever-changing regulatory interpretations of existing laws and regulations, and a greater propensity of regulators to pursue enforcement actions and other sanctions against regulated entities, have made this an increasingly challenging and costly regulatory environment in which to operate.
SEI and some of our regulated subsidiaries have undergone or been scheduled to undergo a range of periodic or thematic reviews, examinations or investigations by numerous regulatory authorities around the world, including the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, the Financial Conduct Authority of the United Kingdom (FCA), the Central Bank of Ireland and others. These regulatory activities typically result in the identification of matters or practices to be addressed by us or our subsidiaries and, in certain circumstances, the regulatory authorities require remediation activities or pursue enforcement proceedings against us or our subsidiaries. From time to time, the regulators in different jurisdictions will elevate their level of scrutiny of our operations as our business expands or is deemed critical to the operations of the relevant financial markets. As described under the caption “Regulatory Considerations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, the range of possible sanctions that are available to regulatory authorities include limitations on our ability to engage in business for specified periods of time, the revocation of registration, censures and fines. The direct and indirect costs of responding to these regulatory activities and of complying with new or modified regulations, as well as the potential financial costs and potential reputational impact against us of any enforcement proceedings that might result, is uncertain but could have a material adverse impact on our operating results or financial position.
Liquidity and Capital Resources

| Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2021 |  | 2020
Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 483,881 |  |  | $ | 396,524 |
Net cash used in investing activities | (87,542) |  |  | (64,243) |
Net cash used in financing activities | (387,390) |  |  | (401,833) |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | (2,442) |  |  | (4,196) |
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | 6,507 |  |  | (73,748) |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period | 787,727 |  |  | 844,547 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period | $ | 794,234 |  |  | $ | 770,799 |

Cash requirements and liquidity needs are primarily funded through our cash flow from operations and our capacity for additional borrowing. At September 30, 2021, our unused sources of liquidity consisted of cash and cash equivalents and the amount available under our credit facility.
On April 23, 2021, we replaced our credit facility with a new five-year credit facility agreement which provides for borrowings up to $325.0 million (See Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). The new credit facility is a revolving line of credit with Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., and a syndicate of other lenders and is scheduled to expire in April 2026. The availability of the credit facility is subject to compliance with certain covenants set forth in the agreement. The credit facility contains covenants which restrict our ability to engage in transactions with affiliates other than wholly-owned subsidiaries or to incur liens or certain types of indebtedness as defined in the agreement. In the event of a default under the credit facility, we would also be restricted from paying dividends on, or repurchasing, our common stock. Currently, our ability to borrow from the credit facility is not limited by any covenant of the agreement (See Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
The credit facility contains terms that utilize the London InterBank Offered Rate (LIBOR) as a potential component of the interest rate to be applied to any borrowings; however, an alternative reference rate is included under the agreement which provides for a specified replacement rate upon a LIBOR cessation event. At the time of a LIBOR cessation event,
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the replacement rate, the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR), self-executes without the need for negotiations or a formal amendment process.
We had outstanding letters of credit of $5.8 million as of October 21, 2021 which reduced our amount available under the credit facility to $319.2 million. These letters of credit were primarily issued for the expansion of our corporate headquarters completed in 2020 and are due to expire in late 2021.
The majority of excess cash reserves are primarily placed in accounts located in the United States that invest entirely in SEI-sponsored money market mutual funds denominated in the U.S. dollar. We also utilize demand deposit accounts or money market accounts at several well-established financial institutions located in the United States. Accounts used to manage these excess cash reserves do not impose any restrictions or limitations that would prevent us from being able to access such cash amounts immediately. As of October 21, 2021, the amount of cash and cash equivalents considered free and immediately accessible for other general corporate purposes was $376.1 million.
Cash and cash equivalents include accounts managed by subsidiaries that are used in their operations or to cover specific business and regulatory requirements. The availability of this cash for other purposes beyond the operations of these subsidiaries may be limited. We therefore do not include accounts of foreign subsidiaries in the calculation of free and immediately accessible cash for other general corporate purposes. A portion of the undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries are deemed repatriated. Any subsequent transfer of available cash related to the repatriated earnings of foreign subsidiaries could significantly increase free and immediately accessible cash.
Cash flows from operations increased $87.4 million in the first nine months of 2021 compared to the first nine months of 2020 primarily from the increase in net income and increased repayments from LSV related to their working capital accounts. The negative impact from the change in the Company's working capital accounts and lower distribution payments received from LSV partially offset the increase.
Net cash used in investing activities includes:
•Purchases, sales and maturities of marketable securities. Purchases, sales and maturities of marketable securities in the first nine months of 2021 and 2020 were as follows:

| Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2021 |  | 2020
Purchases | $ | (168,333) |  |  | $ | (114,407) |
Sales and maturities | 134,222 |  |  | 113,417 |
Net investing activities from marketable securities | $ | (34,111) |  |  | $ | (990) |

See Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information related to marketable securities.
•The capitalization of costs incurred in developing computer software. We capitalized $19.5 million of software development costs in the first nine months of 2021 as compared to $18.6 million in the first nine months of 2020. The majority of our software development costs are related to significant enhancements for the expanded functionality of the SEI Wealth Platform.
•Capital expenditures. Capital expenditures in the first nine months of 2021 were $22.5 million as compared to $43.1 million in the first nine months of 2020. Expenditures in 2021 include capital outlays for purchased software and equipment for data center operations. Expenditures in 2020 include the expansion of our corporate headquarters completed in the fourth quarter 2020 as well as purchased software and equipment. We continue to evaluate improvements to our information technology infrastructure which, if implemented, will result in additional expenditures for purchased software and equipment for data center operations.
•Other investing activities. We made a payment of $11.0 million in the first nine months of 2021 to purchase a technology platform providing digital collaboration tools for financial advisors. In October 2021, we made a payment related to the acquisition of an investor lifecycle management fintech firm. The cash payment associated with this acquisition was not material. In November 2021, pending regulatory approval, we expect to make a payment for the acquisition of a defined contribution master trust in the United Kingdom. The cash payment related to this acquisition is not expected to be material.
Net cash used in financing activities includes:
•The repurchase of common stock. Our Board of Directors has authorized the repurchase of common stock through multiple authorizations. Currently, there is no expiration date for the common stock repurchase program. We had total capital outlays of $315.8 million during the first nine months of 2021 and $327.1 million during the first nine months of 2020 for the repurchase of common stock.
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•Proceeds from the issuance of common stock. We received $37.9 million in proceeds from the issuance of common stock during the first nine months of 2021 as compared to $29.8 million during the first nine months of 2020. The increase in proceeds is primarily attributable to a higher level of stock option exercise activity.
•Dividend payments. Cash dividends paid were $105.5 million in the first nine months of 2021 as compared to $103.9 million in the first nine months of 2020.
We believe our operating cash flow, available borrowing capacity, and existing cash and cash equivalents should provide adequate funds for ongoing operations; continued investment in new products and equipment; the common stock repurchase program and future dividend payments.
Forward-Looking Information and Risk Factors
The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a “safe harbor” for forward-looking statements. Certain information contained in this discussion is or may be considered forward-looking. Forward-looking statements relate to future operations, strategies, financial results or other developments. Forward-looking statements are based upon estimates and assumptions that involve certain risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control or are subject to change. Although we believe our assumptions are reasonable, they could be inaccurate. Our actual future revenues and income could differ materially from our expected results. We have no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements.
Among the risks and uncertainties which may affect our future operations, strategies, financial results or other developments are those risks described in our latest Annual Report on Form 10-K in Part I, Item 1A. These risks include the following:
•changes in capital markets that may affect our revenues and earnings;
•product development risk;
•risk of failure by a third-party service provider;
•data and cyber security risks;
•operational risks associated with the processing of investment transactions;
•systems and technology risks;
•intellectual property risks;
•pricing pressure from increased competition, disruptive technology and poor investment performance;
•the affect on our earnings and cashflows from the performance of LSV Asset Management;
•third-party pricing services for the valuation of securities invested in our investment products;
•external factors affecting the fiduciary management market;
•the affect of extensive governmental regulation;
•litigation and regulatory examinations and investigations;
•our ability to capture the expected value from acquisitions, divestitures, joint ventures, minority stakes or strategic alliances;
•increased costs and regulatory risks from the growth of our business;
•fiduciary or other legal liability for client losses from our investment management operations;
•consolidation within our target markets;
•our ability to receive dividends or other payments in needed amounts from our subsidiaries;
•the exit by the United Kingdom from the European Union;
•third-party approval of our investment products with advisors affiliated with independent broker-dealers or other networks;
•the effectiveness of our business, risk management and business continuity strategies, models and processes;
•financial and non-financial covenants which may restrict our ability to manage liquidity needs;
•changes in, or interpretation of, accounting principles or tax rules and regulations;
•fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates;
•fluctuations in interest rates affecting the value of our fixed-income investment securities;
•our ability to hire and retain qualified employees;
•the competence and integrity of our employees and third-parties;
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•stockholder activism efforts;
•retention of executive officers and senior management personnel; and
•unforeseen or catastrophic events, including the emergence of pandemic, terrorist attacks, extreme weather events or other natural disasters.
We conduct operations through many regulated wholly-owned subsidiaries. These subsidiaries include:
•SEI Investments Distribution Co., or SIDCO, a broker-dealer registered with the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc., or FINRA;
•SEI Investments Management Corporation, or SIMC, an investment advisor registered with the SEC under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, or CFTC, under the Commodity Exchange Act;
•SEI Private Trust Company, or SPTC, a limited purpose federal thrift chartered and regulated by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency;
•SEI Trust Company, or STC, a Pennsylvania trust company, regulated by the Pennsylvania Department of Banking and Securities;
•SEI Investments (Europe) Limited, or SIEL, an investment manager and financial institution subject to regulation by the Financial Conduct Authority of the United Kingdom;
•SEI Investments Canada Company, or SEI Canada, an investment fund manager that has various other capacities that is regulated by the Ontario Securities Commission and various provincial authorities;
•SEI Investments Global, Limited, or SIGL, a management company for Undertakings for Collective Investment in Transferable Securities, or UCITS, and for Alternative Investment Funds, or AIFs, that is regulated primarily by the Central Bank of Ireland, or CBI;
•SEI Investments - Global Fund Services, Ltd., or GFSL, an authorized provider of administration services for Irish and non-Irish collective investment schemes that is regulated by the CBI; and
•SEI Investments - Depositary and Custodial Services (Ireland) Limited, or D&C, an authorized provider of depositary and custodial services that is regulated by the CBI.
In addition to the regulatory authorities listed above, our subsidiaries are subject to the jurisdiction of regulatory authorities in other foreign countries. In addition to our wholly-owned subsidiaries, we also own a minority interest of approximately 38.7 percent in LSV, which is also an investment advisor registered with the SEC.
The Company, its regulated subsidiaries, their regulated services and solutions and their customers are all subject to extensive legislation, regulation and supervision that recently has been subject to, and continues to experience, significant change and increased regulatory activity. These changes and regulatory activities could have a material adverse effect on us and our clients.
The various governmental agencies and self-regulatory authorities that regulate or supervise the Company and its subsidiaries have broad administrative powers. In the event of a failure to comply with laws, regulations and requirements of these agencies and authorities, the possible business process changes required or sanctions that may be imposed include the suspension of individual employees, limitations on our ability to engage in business for specified periods of time, the revocation of applicable registration as a broker-dealer, investment advisor or other regulated entity, and, as the case may be, censures and fines. Additionally, certain securities and banking laws applicable to us and our subsidiaries provide for certain private rights of action that could give rise to civil litigation. Any litigation could have significant financial and non-financial consequences including monetary judgments and the requirement to take action or limit activities that could ultimately affect our business.
Governmental scrutiny from regulators, legislative bodies and law enforcement agencies with respect to matters relating to our regulated subsidiaries and their activities, services and solutions, our business practices, our past actions and other matters has increased dramatically in the past several years. Responding to these examinations, investigations, actions and lawsuits, regardless of the ultimate outcome of the proceeding, is time consuming and expensive and can divert the time and effort of our senior management from our business. Penalties, fines and changes to business processes sought by regulatory authorities have increased substantially over the last several years, and certain regulators have been more likely in recent years to commence enforcement actions or to advance or support legislation targeted at the financial services industry. We continue to be subject to inquiries from examinations and investigations by supervisory and enforcement divisions of regulatory authorities and expect this to continue in the future. We believe this is also the case with many of our regulated clients. Governmental scrutiny and legal and enforcement proceedings can also have a
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negative impact on our reputation, our relationship with clients and prospective clients, and on the morale and performance of our employees, which could adversely affect our businesses and results of operations.
We are subject to the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001, which contains anti-money laundering and financial transparency laws and requires implementation of regulations applicable to financial services companies, including standards for verifying client identification and monitoring client transactions and detecting and reporting suspicious activities. Anti-money laundering laws outside the United States contain similar requirements. We offer investment and banking solutions that also are subject to regulation by the federal and state securities and banking authorities, as well as foreign regulatory authorities, where applicable. Existing or future regulations that affect these solutions could lead to a reduction in sales of these solutions or require modifications of these solutions.
Compliance with existing and future regulations and responding to and complying with recent increased regulatory activity affecting broker-dealers, investment advisors, investment companies, financial institutions and their service providers could have a significant impact on us. We periodically undergo regulatory examinations and respond to regulatory inquiries and document requests. In addition, recent and continuing legislative activity in the United States and in other jurisdictions (including the European Union and the United Kingdom) have made and continue to make extensive changes to the laws regulating financial services firms. As a result of these examinations, inquiries and requests, as a result of increased civil litigation activity, and as a result of these new laws and regulations, we engage legal counsel and other subject matter experts, review our compliance procedures, solution and service offerings, and business operations, and make changes as we deem necessary or as may be required by the applicable authority. These additional activities and required changes may result in increased expense or may reduce revenues.
Our bank clients are subject to supervision by federal, state and foreign banking and financial services authorities concerning the manner in which such clients purchase and receive our products and services. Our plan sponsor clients and our subsidiaries providing services to those clients are subject to supervision by the Department of Labor and compliance with employee benefit regulations. Investment advisor and broker-dealer clients are regulated by the SEC, state securities authorities, or FINRA. Existing or future regulations applicable to our clients may affect our clients’ purchase of our products and services.
In addition, see the discussion of governmental regulations in Item 1A “Risk Factors” in our latest Annual Report on Form 10-K for a description of the risks that proposed regulatory changes may present for our business.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Information required by this item is set forth under the captions "Our revenues and earnings are affected by changes in capital markets and significant changes in the value of financial instruments" and "Changes in interest rates may affect the value of our fixed-income investment securities" in Item 1A "Risk Factors" and under the caption "Impact of COVID-19 and Other Events" in Item 7 "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. There have been no material changes to this information as it is disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for 2020.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report are effective in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by us in reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by an issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Act is accumulated and communicated to the issuer’s management including its principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. A controls system, no matter how well designed and operated, cannot provide absolute assurance that the objectives of the controls systems are met, and no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within a company have been detected.
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(b) Change in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
No change in our internal control over financial reporting occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2021 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
We and certain of our subsidiaries are a party to or have property subject to litigation and other proceedings, examinations and investigations that arise in the ordinary course of our business that we do not believe are material. These types of matters could result in fines, penalties, cost reimbursements or contributions, compensatory or treble damages or non-monetary sanctions or relief. We believe the probability is remote that the outcome of any of these matters will have a material adverse effect on SEI as a whole, notwithstanding that the unfavorable resolution of any matter may have a material effect on our net earnings in any particular interim reporting period. We cannot predict the outcome of legal or other proceedings with certainty. These matters include the proceedings summarized in “Note 11. Commitments and Contingencies” included in our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
Information regarding risk factors appears in Part I – Item 1A of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. There have been no material changes in the risk factors from those disclosed in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for 2020.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
(e) Our Board of Directors has authorized the repurchase of up to $4.682 billion worth of our common stock through multiple authorizations. Currently, there is no expiration date for the common stock repurchase program.
Information regarding the repurchase of common stock during the three months ended September 30, 2021 is as follows:

Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased |  | Average Price Paid per Share |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Program |  | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Program
July 2021 | 200,000 |  |  | $ | 60.87 |  |  | 200,000 |  |  | $ | 234,495,000 |
August 2021 | 619,000 |  |  | 61.77 |  |  | 619,000 |  |  | 196,241,000 |
September 2021 | 1,160,000 |  |  | 59.89 |  |  | 1,160,000 |  |  | 126,775,000 |
Total | 1,979,000 |  |  | $ | 60.57 |  |  | 1,979,000 |  |  |

Item 6. Exhibits.
The following is a list of exhibits filed as part of the Form 10-Q.

31.1 | Rule 13a-15(e)/15d-15(e) Certification of Chief Executive Officer.
31.2 | Rule 13a-15(e)/15d-15(e) Certification of Chief Financial Officer.
32 | Section 1350 Certifications.
101.INS | XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

|  |  | SEI INVESTMENTS COMPANY
Date: | October 25, 2021 |  | By: | /s/ Dennis J. McGonigle
|  |  |  | Dennis J. McGonigle
|  |  |  | Chief Financial Officer

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