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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Provision for income taxes
The provision for income taxes consisted of the following:
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2014
 
(In millions)
Current:
 
 
 
 
 
Federal
$
134

 
$
172

 
$
72

State
3

 
8

 
3

Foreign
(6
)
 
6

 

Total current
131

 
186

 
75

Deferred:
 
 
 
 
 
Federal
19

 
(10
)
 

State
2

 
4

 
(2
)
Foreign
1

 
(1
)
 

Total deferred
22

 
(7
)
 
(2
)
 
$
153

 
$
179

 
$
73

Effective income tax rate reconciliation to the statutory federal income tax rate
A reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to the combined effective income tax rate is as follows:
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2014
Statutory federal tax rate
35.0
 %
 
35.0
 %
 
35.0
 %
State income taxes, net of federal benefit
1.6

 
2.4

 
0.4

Change in unrecognized tax benefits
0.5

 
0.9

 
(0.1
)
Nondeductible health insurer fee (HIF)
37.0

 
17.0

 
22.9

Nondeductible compensation
3.1

 
0.6

 
(4.1
)
Change in purchase agreement that increased tax basis in assets
(2.2
)
 

 

Other
(0.2
)
 
(0.4
)
 
(0.3
)
Effective tax rate
74.8
 %
 
55.5
 %
 
53.8
 %
Significant components of deferred tax assets and liabilities
Significant components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 were as follows:
 
December 31,
 
2016
 
2015
 
(In millions)
Accrued expenses
$
22

 
$
37

Reserve liabilities
28

 
14

Other accrued medical costs
5

 
5

Net operating losses
13

 
7

Unrealized losses
1

 
2

Unearned premiums
27

 
21

Lease financing obligation
38

 
35

Deferred compensation
6

 
8

Tax credit carryover
7

 
8

Valuation allowance
(16
)
 
(9
)
Total deferred income tax assets, net of valuation allowance
131

 
128

Prepaid expenses
(9
)
 
(9
)
Depreciation and amortization
(104
)
 
(83
)
Basis in debt
(23
)
 
(18
)
Total deferred income tax liabilities
(136
)
 
(110
)
Net deferred income tax (liability) asset - long term
$
(5
)
 
$
18

Unrecognized tax benefits roll forward
The roll forward of our unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2014
 
(In millions)
Gross unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of period
$
(9
)
 
$
(3
)
 
$
(8
)
Increases in tax positions for current year
(1
)
 
(1
)
 

Increases in tax positions for prior years
(1
)
 
(5
)
 
(1
)
Settlements

 

 
6

Gross unrecognized tax benefits at end of period
$
(11
)
 
$
(9
)
 
$
(3
)