Restructuring and Separation Costs

Following a management-initiated, broad operational assessment in early 2017, designed to improve our profitability and expand our core Medicaid business, in June 2017, we accelerated the implementation of a comprehensive restructuring and profitability improvement plan (the Restructuring Plan). Under the Restructuring Plan, we are taking the following actions:


1.	We are streamlining our organizational structure, including the elimination of redundant layers of management, the consolidation of regional support services, and other reductions to our workforce, to improve efficiency as well as the speed and quality of our decision-making.


2.	We are re-designing core operating processes such as provider payment, utilization management, quality monitoring and improvement, and information technology to achieve more effective and cost efficient outcomes.


3.	We are remediating high cost provider contracts and building around high quality, cost-effective networks.


4.	We are restructuring our existing direct delivery operations.


5.	We are reviewing our vendor base to ensure that we are partnering with the lowest-cost, most-effective vendors.


6.	Throughout this process, we are taking precautions to ensure that our actions do not impede our ability to continue to deliver quality health care, retain existing managed care contracts, and to secure new managed care contracts.

In addition to costs incurred under the Restructuring Plan, in the second quarter of 2017 we recorded costs associated with the separation of our former CEO and former CFO, described in further detail below.

All restructuring and separation costs incurred in the six months ended June 30, 2017, are reported in “Restructuring and separation costs” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations, and are included in the Other segment because they represent corporate costs not allocated to the other reportable segments.

Separation Costs

Separation costs–ongoing benefit arrangements for former executives. We entered into amended and restated employment agreements with our former CEO and former CFO in 2016. On May 2, 2017, their employment was terminated without cause. Under the amended and restated employment agreements, they were each entitled to receive 400% of their base salary, a prorated termination bonus (150% of base salary for the former CEO and 125% of base salary for the former CFO), full vesting of equity compensation, and a cash payment for health and welfare benefits. During the second quarter of 2017, we recorded charges of $35 million for severance primarily related to these former executives. Of this total, $23 million related to the acceleration of their share-based compensation, as further discussed in Note 9, “Stockholders' Equity.” Employee separation costs were insignificant in 2016.

Separation costs–one-time benefit arrangement for workforce reduction. As part of the Restructuring Plan, we are reducing our corporate and health plans workforce by approximately 10%, or 1,500 full-time-equivalent employees. This workforce rightsizing, which represents 7% of the total number of our employees, is expected to be completed by the end of 2017. Affected employees will be offered severance and outplacement assistance. Our board of directors approved the reduction in our workforce under the Restructuring Plan effective July 27, 2017; as such no amounts were accrued for this termination plan as of June 30, 2017.

Other Restructuring Costs

In the six months ended June 30, 2017, we incurred approximately $8 million in other restructuring costs including primarily consulting fees relating to the operational assessment and restructuring initiatives described above.

The following table summarizes the year-to-date activities related to our Restructuring Plan, the reserve for which is reported in “Accounts payable and accrued liabilities” in the consolidated balance sheets:



	Separation Costs–Former Executives			Other Restructuring Costs			Total
	(In millions)
Accrued restructuring and separation costs as of December 31, 2016	$	—		$	—		$	—
Costs recognized	35			8			43
Cash payments	(1		)	(2		)	(3		)
Other adjustments–acceleration of share-based compensation	(23		)	—			(23		)
Accrued restructuring and separation costs as of June 30, 2017	$	11		$	6		$	17

Expected Costs

We estimate that total pre-tax costs associated with the Restructuring Plan will be approximately $130 million to $150 million for the second half of 2017, with an additional $40 million to be incurred in 2018. We expect these costs to relate only to the Health Plans and Other segments. Other restructuring costs will include primarily consulting fees; costs associated with the restructuring of our direct delivery operations including lease terminations and accelerated depreciation and amortization; and restructuring of various corporate business functions.

The following table illustrates our estimates of costs associated with the Restructuring Plan, which we expect to be completed by the end of 2018, by segment and major type of cost:



Estimated Costs Expected to be Incurred by Reportable Segment	Health Plans	Other	Total
	(In millions)
Separation costs–one-time benefit arrangement for a workforce reduction	$25 to $30	$35 to $40	$60 to $70
Other restructuring costs	$55 to $60	$55 to $60	$110 to $120
	$80 to $90	$90 to $100	$170 to $190