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Segments
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2019
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segments Segments
We currently have two reportable segments: our Health Plans segment and our Other segment. Our reportable segments are consistent with how we currently manage the business and view the markets we serve.
Margin is the appropriate earnings measure for our reportable segments, based on how our chief operating decision maker currently reviews results, assesses performance, and allocates resources.
Margin for our Health Plans segment is referred to as “Medical Margin,” which represents the amount earned after medical costs are deducted from premium revenue. The medical care ratio represents the amount of medical care costs as a percentage of premium revenue, and is one of the key metrics used to assess the performance of the segments. Therefore, the underlying Medical Margin is the most important measure of earnings reviewed by the chief operating decision maker.
The following table presents total revenue by segment. Inter-segment revenue was insignificant for all periods presented.
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
(In millions)
Total revenue:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Health Plans
$
4,239

 
$
4,565

 
$
12,546

 
$
13,826

Other
4

 
132

 
9

 
400

Consolidated
$
4,243

 
$
4,697

 
$
12,555

 
$
14,226


The following table reconciles margin by segment to consolidated income before income taxes:
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
(In millions)
Margin:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Health Plans
$
561

 
$
547

 
$
1,725

 
$
1,812

Other

 
19

 

 
42

Total margin
561

 
566

 
1,725

 
1,854

Add: other operating revenues (1)
159

 
230

 
470

 
661

Add: gain on sale of subsidiary

 
37

 

 
37

Less: other operating expenses (2)
(463
)
 
(538
)
 
(1,393
)
 
(1,693
)
Operating income
257

 
295

 
802

 
859

Other expenses, net
24

 
36

 
52

 
116

Income before income tax expense
$
233

 
$
259

 
$
750

 
$
743

______________________
(1)
Other operating revenues include premium tax revenue, health insurer fees reimbursed, and investment income and other revenue.
(2)
Other operating expenses include general and administrative expenses, premium tax expenses, health insurer fees, depreciation and amortization, and restructuring costs.