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Income Taxes
 12 Months Ended
Aug. 31, 2021
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
We account for income taxes using the asset and liability approach as prescribed by ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). This approach requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. Using the enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse, deferred tax liabilities and assets are determined based on the differences between the financial reporting and the tax basis of an asset or liability.
The provision for income taxes consists of the following components during the periods presented (in millions):
 Year Ended August 31,
 202120202019
Provision for current federal taxes$65.4 $54.6 $60.3 
Provision for current state taxes12.8 12.5 14.7 
Provision for current foreign taxes14.4 16.0 10.2 
(Benefit) provision for deferred taxes(2.7)(6.7)9.3 
Total provision for income taxes$89.9 $76.4 $94.5 
The following table reconciles the provision at the federal statutory rate to the total provision for income taxes during the periods presented (in millions):
 Year Ended August 31,
 202120202019
Federal income tax computed at statutory rate$83.2 $68.2 $89.2 
State income tax, net of federal income tax benefit10.7 9.7 12.2 
Foreign permanent differences and rate differential2.4 2.4 2.1 
Discrete income tax benefits of the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act— — (2.2)
Research and development tax credits(7.6)(7.1)(18.1)
Unrecognized tax benefits0.7 1.8 12.2 
Other, net0.5 1.4 (0.9)
Total provision for income taxes$89.9 $76.4 $94.5 
Components of the net deferred income tax liabilities as of the dates presented include (in millions):
 August 31,
 20212020
Deferred income tax liabilities:  
Depreciation$(19.0)$(23.3)
Goodwill and intangibles(155.2)(153.1)
Operating lease right of use asset(14.3)(15.6)
Other liabilities(8.2)(5.3)
Total deferred income tax liabilities(196.7)(197.3)
Deferred income tax assets:  
Self-insurance1.8 2.1 
Pension9.9 22.2 
Deferred compensation21.3 22.2 
Net operating losses5.4 5.6 
Other accruals not yet deductible41.3 32.0 
Operating lease liabilities15.4 18.2 
Other assets12.0 9.3 
Total deferred income tax assets107.1 111.6 
Valuation allowance(9.5)(6.5)
Net deferred income tax liabilities$(99.1)$(92.2)
As of August 31, 2021, the estimated undistributed earnings from foreign subsidiaries was $165.1 million. We have recorded a deferred income tax liability of $3.3 million for certain foreign withholding taxes and U.S. state taxes related to foreign earnings for which we do not assert indefinite reinvestment. With respect to unremitted earnings and original investments in foreign subsidiaries where we are continuing to assert indefinite reinvestment, any future remittances could be subject to additional foreign withholding taxes, U.S. state taxes, and certain tax impacts relating to foreign currency exchange effects. It is not practicable to estimate the amount of any unrecognized tax effects on these reinvested earnings and original investments in foreign subsidiaries. We account for the tax on Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”) as a period cost and, therefore, do not record deferred taxes related to GILTI on our foreign subsidiaries.
At August 31, 2021, we had state tax credit carryforwards of approximately $1.5 million, which will expire beginning in 2022. At August 31, 2021, we had federal net operating loss carryforwards of $28.7 million that expire beginning in 2029, state net operating loss carryforwards of $30.1 million that began expiring in 2022, and foreign net operating loss carryforwards of $3.4 million that expire beginning in 2026.
The gross amount of unrecognized tax benefits as of August 31, 2021 and 2020 totaled $17.7 million and $17.2 million, respectively, which includes $17.1 million and $16.7 million, respectively, of net unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the annual effective tax rate. We recognize potential interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense; such accrued interest and penalties are not material. With few exceptions, we are no longer subject to United States federal, state, and local income tax examinations for years ended before 2015 or for foreign income tax examinations before 2014. We do not anticipate unrecognized tax benefits will significantly increase or decrease within the next twelve months.
The following table reconciles the change in the unrecognized income tax benefit (reported in Other long-term liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets) during the periods presented (in millions):
Year Ended August 31,
202120202019
Unrecognized tax benefits balance at beginning of year$17.2 $16.6 $4.4 
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year5.2 2.3 2.0 
Additions for tax positions of prior years0.1 — 10.9 
Reductions for tax positions of prior years(0.1)(0.4)— 
Reductions due to settlements(4.6)(1.2)— 
Reductions due to lapse of statute of limitations(0.1)(0.1)(0.7)
Unrecognized tax benefits balance at end of year$17.7 $17.2 $16.6 
Total accrued interest was $2.0 million, $1.7 million, and $1.0 million as of August 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively. There were no accruals related to income tax penalties during fiscal 2021. Interest, net of tax benefits, and penalties are included in Income tax expense within the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. The classification of interest and penalties did not change during the current fiscal year. We are routinely under audit from various tax jurisdictions. We do not currently anticipate material audit assessments.