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Table of Contents

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
_____________________________________________
Form 10-Q
_____________________________________________

(Mark One) |
☑ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended May 31, 2022.

OR
☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to .

Commission file number 001-16583.
_____________________________________________
ACUITY BRANDS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
_____________________________________________

Delaware |  | 58-2632672
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

1170 Peachtree Street, N.E., Suite 2300, Atlanta, Georgia 30309-7676
(Address of principal executive offices)
(404) 853-1400
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
None
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class |  | Trading symbol |  | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, $0.01 par value per share |  | AYI |  | New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ☑ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | Non-accelerated filer | ☐ |  |
Smaller reporting company | ☐ | Emerging growth company | ☐ |  |  |  |

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☑
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Common stock — $0.01 par value — 32,713,074 shares as of June 27, 2022.

Table of Contents
ACUITY BRANDS, INC.
Table of Contents

|  | Page No.
Part I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. | Financial Statements |
| Consolidated Balance Sheets -- May 31, 2022 (Unaudited) and August 31, 2021 | 1
| Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) -- Three and nine months ended May 31, 2022 and 2021 | 2
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) -- Nine months ended May 31, 2022 and 2021 | 3
| Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) | 4
| Note 1 — Description of Business and Basis of Presentation | 4
| Note 2 — Significant Accounting Policies | 5
| Note 3 — Acquisitions | 5
| Note 4 — New Accounting Pronouncements | 6
| Note 5 — Fair Value Measurements | 7
| Note 6 — Inventories | 8
| Note 7 — Property, Plant, and Equipment | 8
| Note 8 — Goodwill and Intangible Assets | 8
| Note 9 — Other Current Liabilities | 9
| Note 10 — Debt and Lines of Credit | 10
| Note 11 — Commitments and Contingencies | 11
| Note 12 — Changes in Stockholders' Equity | 13
| Note 13 — Revenue Recognition | 14
| Note 14 — Share-based Payments | 15
| Note 15 — Pension Plans | 15
| Note 16 — Earnings Per Share | 16
| Note 17 — Comprehensive Income | 17
| Note 18 — Segment Information | 18
| Note 19 — Subsequent Event | 19
Item 2. | Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 20
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | 28
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 28
Part II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 29
Item 1a. | Risk Factors | 29
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 29
Item 5. | Other Information | 29
Item 6. | Exhibits | 30
INDEX TO EXHIBITS | 31
SIGNATURES | 32

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.Financial Statements
ACUITY BRANDS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In millions, except share data)

| May 31, 2022 |  | August 31, 2021
| (unaudited) |  |
ASSETS |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 318.2 |  |  | $ | 491.3 |
Accounts receivable, less reserve for doubtful accounts of $0.8 and $1.2, respectively | 597.2 |  |  | 571.8 |
Inventories | 580.6 |  |  | 398.7 |
Prepayments and other current assets | 112.6 |  |  | 82.5 |
Total current assets | 1,608.6 |  |  | 1,544.3 |
Property, plant, and equipment, net | 269.2 |  |  | 269.1 |
Operating lease right-of-use assets | 63.4 |  |  | 58.0 |
Goodwill | 1,090.9 |  |  | 1,094.7 |
Intangible assets, net | 541.7 |  |  | 573.2 |
Deferred income taxes | 1.8 |  |  | 1.9 |
Other long-term assets | 39.9 |  |  | 33.9 |
Total assets | $ | 3,615.5 |  |  | $ | 3,575.1 |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 452.2 |  |  | $ | 391.5 |
Current maturities of debt | 122.0 |  |  | — |
Current operating lease liabilities | 16.2 |  |  | 15.9 |
Accrued compensation | 80.7 |  |  | 95.3 |
Other accrued liabilities | 195.8 |  |  | 189.5 |
Total current liabilities | 866.9 |  |  | 692.2 |
Long-term debt | 494.8 |  |  | 494.3 |
Long-term operating lease liabilities | 52.9 |  |  | 46.7 |
Accrued pension liabilities | 51.0 |  |  | 60.2 |
Deferred income taxes | 100.3 |  |  | 101.0 |
Other long-term liabilities | 131.0 |  |  | 136.2 |
Total liabilities | 1,696.9 |  |  | 1,530.6 |
Commitments and contingencies (see Commitments and Contingencies footnote) |  |  |
Stockholders’ equity: |  |  |
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized; none issued | — |  |  | — |
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 500,000,000 shares authorized; 54,210,049 and 54,018,978 issued, respectively | 0.5 |  |  | 0.5 |
Paid-in capital | 1,025.2 |  |  | 995.6 |
Retained earnings | 3,065.2 |  |  | 2,810.3 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (103.5) |  |  | (98.2) |
Treasury stock, at cost, of 21,140,982 and 18,826,611 shares, respectively | (2,068.8) |  |  | (1,663.7) |
Total stockholders’ equity | 1,918.6 |  |  | 2,044.5 |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 3,615.5 |  |  | $ | 3,575.1 |

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
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ACUITY BRANDS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)
(In millions, except per-share data)

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2021 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2021
Net sales | $ | 1,060.6 |  |  | $ | 899.7 |  |  | $ | 2,895.8 |  |  | $ | 2,468.3 |
Cost of products sold | 615.5 |  |  | 513.1 |  |  | 1,685.6 |  |  | 1,412.6 |
Gross profit | 445.1 |  |  | 386.6 |  |  | 1,210.2 |  |  | 1,055.7 |
Selling, distribution, and administrative expenses | 302.4 |  |  | 268.0 |  |  | 850.1 |  |  | 759.4 |
Special charges | — |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | — |  |  | 1.5 |
Operating profit | 142.7 |  |  | 118.1 |  |  | 360.1 |  |  | 294.8 |
Other expense: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense, net | 6.2 |  |  | 6.2 |  |  | 18.1 |  |  | 17.7 |
Miscellaneous (income) expense, net | (1.5) |  |  | 2.7 |  |  | (3.1) |  |  | 6.5 |
Total other expense | 4.7 |  |  | 8.9 |  |  | 15.0 |  |  | 24.2 |
Income before income taxes | 138.0 |  |  | 109.2 |  |  | 345.1 |  |  | 270.6 |
Income tax expense | 32.3 |  |  | 23.5 |  |  | 76.5 |  |  | 62.4 |
Net income | $ | 105.7 |  |  | $ | 85.7 |  |  | $ | 268.6 |  |  | $ | 208.2 |
Earnings per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic earnings per share | $ | 3.10 |  |  | $ | 2.40 |  |  | $ | 7.75 |  |  | $ | 5.70 |
Basic weighted average number of shares outstanding | 34.1 |  |  | 35.7 |  |  | 34.7 |  |  | 36.5 |
Diluted earnings per share | $ | 3.07 |  |  | $ | 2.37 |  |  | $ | 7.66 |  |  | $ | 5.66 |
Diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding | 34.4 |  |  | 36.2 |  |  | 35.1 |  |  | 36.8 |
Dividends declared per share | $ | 0.13 |  |  | $ | 0.13 |  |  | $ | 0.39 |  |  | $ | 0.39 |
Comprehensive income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income | $ | 105.7 |  |  | $ | 85.7 |  |  | $ | 268.6 |  |  | $ | 208.2 |
Other comprehensive income (loss) items: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | (1.8) |  |  | 22.3 |  |  | (8.9) |  |  | 33.6 |
Defined benefit plans, net of tax | 1.2 |  |  | (1.6) |  |  | 3.6 |  |  | 1.7 |
Other comprehensive (loss) income items, net of tax | (0.6) |  |  | 20.7 |  |  | (5.3) |  |  | 35.3 |
Comprehensive income | $ | 105.1 |  |  | $ | 106.4 |  |  | $ | 263.3 |  |  | $ | 243.5 |

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
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ACUITY BRANDS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
(In millions)

| Nine Months Ended
| May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2021
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |
Net income | $ | 268.6 |  |  | $ | 208.2 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 71.4 |  |  | 75.0 |
Share-based payment expense | 27.5 |  |  | 22.3 |
Gain on sale of property, plant, and equipment | (2.3) |  |  | — |
Asset impairment | 1.7 |  |  | 4.0 |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions: |  |  |
Accounts receivable | (27.2) |  |  | (3.2) |
Inventories | (174.5) |  |  | (47.8) |
Prepayments and other current assets | (38.3) |  |  | (0.6) |
Accounts payable | 58.9 |  |  | 52.7 |
Other | (20.1) |  |  | 5.6 |
Net cash provided by operating activities | 165.7 |  |  | 316.2 |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |
Purchases of property, plant, and equipment | (38.0) |  |  | (30.6) |
Proceeds from sale of property, plant, and equipment | 8.9 |  |  | 4.7 |
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired | (12.2) |  |  | (2.0) |
Other investing activities | (1.9) |  |  | (3.5) |
Net cash used for investing activities | (43.2) |  |  | (31.4) |
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |
Borrowings on credit facility, net of repayments | 122.0 |  |  | — |
Issuance of long-term debt | — |  |  | 493.9 |
Repayments of long-term debt | — |  |  | (397.1) |
Repurchases of common stock | (403.5) |  |  | (340.9) |
Proceeds from stock option exercises and other | 10.6 |  |  | 2.0 |
Payments of taxes withheld on net settlement of equity awards | (8.0) |  |  | (3.9) |
Dividends paid | (13.7) |  |  | (14.3) |
Net cash used for financing activities | (292.6) |  |  | (260.3) |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | (3.0) |  |  | 8.3 |
Net change in cash and cash equivalents | (173.1) |  |  | 32.8 |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 491.3 |  |  | 560.7 |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 318.2 |  |  | $ | 593.5 |
Supplemental cash flow information: |  |  |
Income taxes paid during the period | $ | 80.8 |  |  | $ | 58.7 |
Interest paid during the period | $ | 19.2 |  |  | $ | 15.6 |

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
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ACUITY BRANDS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

Note 1 — Description of Business and Basis of Presentation
Acuity Brands, Inc. (referred to herein as “we,” “our,” “us,” the “Company,” or similar references) is a market-leading industrial technology company. We use technology to solve problems in spaces and light. Through our two business segments, Acuity Brands Lighting and Lighting Controls (“ABL”) and the Intelligent Spaces Group (“ISG”), we design, manufacture, and bring to market products and services that make a valuable difference in people's lives. We achieve growth through the development of innovative new products and services, including lighting, lighting controls, building management systems, and location-aware applications.
ABL Segment
ABL's portfolio of lighting solutions includes commercial, architectural, and specialty lighting in addition to lighting controls and components that can be combined to create integrated lighting controls systems. We offer devices such as luminaires that predominantly utilize light emitting diode (“LED”) technology designed to optimize energy efficiency and comfort for various indoor and outdoor applications. ABL's portfolio of products includes but is not limited to the following brands: Lithonia Lighting®, Holophane®, Peerless®, Gotham®, Mark Architectural Lighting TM, Winona® Lighting, Juno®, Indy TM, Aculux TM, Healthcare Lighting®, Hydrel®, American Electric Lighting®, Sunoptics®, eldoLED®, nLight®, Sensor Switch®, IOTA®, A-Light TM, Cyclone TM, Eureka®, Lumniaire LED TM, Luminis®, Dark to Light®, and RELOC® Wiring Solutions.
Principal customers of ABL include electrical distributors, retail home improvement centers, electric utilities, national accounts, digital retailers, lighting showrooms, and energy service companies located in North America and select international markets serving new construction, renovation and retrofit, and maintenance and repair applications. ABL's lighting and lighting controls solutions are sold primarily through a network of independent sales agencies that cover specific geographic areas and market channels, by internal sales representatives, through consumer retail channels, and directly to large corporate accounts. Products are delivered directly from our manufacturing facilities or through a network of distribution centers, regional warehouses, and commercial warehouses using both common carriers and a company-managed truck fleet. To serve international customers, our sales forces utilize a variety of distribution methods to meet specific individual customer or country requirements.
ABL comprised approximately 95% of consolidated revenues during the three and nine months ended May 31, 2022 and 2021.
ISG Segment
ISG delivers products and services that make spaces smarter, safer, and greener. ISG offers building management systems and location-aware applications. Our building management system includes products for controlling heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (“HVAC”), lighting, shades, and building access that deliver end-to-end optimization of those building systems. Atrius TM, our intelligent building platform, enhances the occupant experience, improves building system management, and automates labor intensive tasks while delivering operational energy efficiency and cost reductions. Through a connected and converged building system architecture, our platform delivers different applications, allows clients to upgrade over time with natural refresh cycles, and deploys new capabilities through both software and hardware updates. Customers of ISG primarily include system integrators as well as retail stores, airports, and enterprise campuses throughout North America and select international locations. ISG products and solutions are marketed under numerous brand names, including but not limited to Distech Controls® and Atrius TM.
ISG comprised approximately 5% of consolidated revenues during the three and nine months ended May 31, 2022 and 2021.
We have prepared the Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) to present the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows of Acuity Brands, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries.
These unaudited interim consolidated financial statements reflect all normal and recurring adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary to present fairly our consolidated financial position as of May 31, 2022, our consolidated comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended May 31, 2022 and 2021, and our consolidated cash flows for the nine months ended May 31, 2022 and 2021. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in our annual financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been
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ACUITY BRANDS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

condensed or omitted. However, we believe that the disclosures included herein are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three years ended August 31, 2021 and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on October 27, 2021 (File No. 001-16583) (“Form 10-K”).
The results of operations for the three and nine months ended May 31, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full fiscal 2022 year due primarily to continued uncertainty of general economic conditions that may impact our key end markets for the remainder of fiscal 2022, seasonality, and the impact of any acquisitions, among other reasons. We are uncertain of the future impact of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic or recovery of prior deterioration in economic conditions to our sales channels, supply chain, manufacturing, and distribution as well as overall construction, renovation, and consumer spending. Additionally, the current conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the related sanctions and other penalties imposed by countries across the globe against Russia are creating substantial uncertainty in the global economy. While we do not have operations in Russia or Ukraine and do not have significant direct exposure to customers and vendors in those countries, we are unable to predict the impact that these actions will have on the global economy or on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows as of the date of these financial statements.
Note 2 — Significant Accounting Policies
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expense during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Reclassifications
We may reclassify certain prior period amounts to conform to the current year presentation. No material reclassifications occurred during the current period.
Note 3 — Acquisitions
The following discussion relates to fiscal 2021 acquisitions. There were no acquisitions during fiscal 2022. The $12.2 million of cash outflows reflected in the fiscal 2022 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows relate to fiscal 2021 acquisitions primarily for working capital settlements.
Fiscal 2021 Acquisitions
ams OSRAM's North American Digital Systems Business
On July 1, 2021, using cash on hand, we acquired certain assets and liabilities of ams OSRAM’s North American Digital Systems business (“OSRAM DS”). This acquisition intended to enhance our LED driver and controls technology portfolio and accelerate our innovation, expand our access to market through a more fulsome original equipment manufacturer (“OEM”) product offering, and give us more control over our supply chain.
Rockpile Ventures
On May 18, 2021, using cash on hand, we acquired all of the equity interests of Rockpile Ventures, an accelerator of edge artificial intelligence (“AI”) startups. Rockpile Ventures helps early-stage artificial intelligence companies drive co-engineering and co-selling partnerships with major cloud ecosystems, enabling faster adoption from proof-of-concept trials to market scale.
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ACUITY BRANDS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

Accounting for Acquisitions
We accounted for the acquisitions of Rockpile Ventures and OSRAM DS in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 805”). Acquired assets and liabilities were recorded at their estimated acquisition-date fair values, and acquisition-related costs were expensed as incurred. We finalized the acquisition accounting for the Rockpile Ventures acquisition during the third quarter of fiscal 2022. There were no material changes to our financial statements as a result of the finalization of the acquisition accounting for the Rockpile Ventures acquisition. Amounts recognized for the OSRAM DS acquisition are deemed to be provisional until disclosed otherwise, as we continue to gather information related to the identification and valuation of acquired assets and liabilities, including but not limited to tax-related items, final net working capital purchase adjustments, if any, and the residual impacts on the valuation of intangible assets.
The aggregate purchase price of these acquisitions reflects goodwill of $10.6 million and definite-lived customer-based intangible assets of $6.7 million, which have a preliminary useful life of approximately 11 years. Goodwill recognized from these acquisitions is comprised primarily of expected synergies from obtaining more control over our supply chain and technology, combining the operations of the acquired business with our operations, and acquiring the associated trained workforce. As of May 31, 2022, goodwill from these acquisitions totaling $7.5 million is expected to be tax deductible.
Note 4 — New Accounting Pronouncements
Accounting Standards Adopted in Fiscal 2022
Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2019-12, Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12”)
In December 2019, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2019-12, which simplifies the accounting for income taxes, eliminates certain exceptions within ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes, and clarifies certain aspects of the current guidance to promote consistency among reporting entities. ASU 2019-12 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, or our fiscal 2022. Most amendments within the standard are required to be applied on a prospective basis, while certain amendments must be applied on a retrospective or modified retrospective basis. We adopted ASU 2019-11 as of September 1, 2021 as required by the standard. This standard did not have a material effect on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
Accounting Standards Yet to Be Adopted
ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers (“ASU 2021-08”)
In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, which requires companies to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination as if the acquiring company originated the related revenue contracts. ASU 2021-08 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, or our fiscal 2024, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impacts of ASU 2021-08 to determine whether we will adopt early or in fiscal 2024. Amendments within the standard are required to be applied on a prospective basis from the date of adoption. We will apply the provisions of ASU 2021-08 after adoption to future acquisitions, if any.
All other newly issued accounting pronouncements not yet effective have been deemed either immaterial or not applicable.
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ACUITY BRANDS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

Note 5 — Fair Value Measurements
We determine fair value measurements based on the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing an asset or liability. ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement (“ASC 820”), establishes a three-level hierarchy that distinguishes between market participant assumptions based on (i) unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market (Level 1), (ii) quoted prices in markets that are not active or inputs that are observable either directly or indirectly for substantially the full term of the asset or liability (Level 2), and (iii) prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement (Level 3).
We utilize valuation methodologies to determine the fair values of our financial assets and liabilities in conformity with the concepts of “exit price” and the fair value hierarchy as prescribed in ASC 820. All valuation methods and assumptions are validated at least quarterly to ensure the accuracy and relevance of the fair values. There were no material changes to the valuation methods or assumptions used to determine fair values during the current period. No transfers between the levels of the fair value hierarchy occurred during the current fiscal period. In the event of a transfer in or out of a level within the fair value hierarchy, the transfers would be recognized on the date of occurrence.
Financial Instruments Recorded at Fair Value
We used quoted market prices to determine the fair value of Level 1 assets and liabilities. Our cash and cash equivalents (Level 1), which are required to be carried at fair value and measured on a recurring basis, were $318.2 million and $491.3 million as of May 31, 2022 and August 31, 2021, respectively.
We hold a small number of investments in equity and debt financial instruments totaling $10.4 million and $5.3 million as of May 31, 2022 and August 31, 2021, respectively. We generally account for these investments at fair value on a recurring basis. Changes in the fair values of these financial instruments during the three and nine months ended May 31, 2022 and 2021 were not material to our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
Our strategic equity investments represent less than a 20% ownership interest in each of the privately-held entities, and we do not exercise significant influence or control any of the entities. Certain of these investments do not have readily determinable fair value. We have elected the practical expedient in ASC Topic 321, Investments—Equity Securities, to measure these investments at cost less any impairment adjusted for observable price changes, if any. During the first quarter of fiscal 2021, we recorded an impairment charge of $4.0 million for one of these investments as a recapitalization of the underlying company diluted our holding value. The impairment charge is reflected in Miscellaneous (income) expense, net for the nine months ended May 31, 2021 within our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.
Disclosures of Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Disclosures of fair value information about financial instruments, for which it is practicable to estimate that value, are required each reporting period in addition to any financial instruments carried at fair value on a recurring basis as prescribed by ASC Topic 825, Financial Instruments (“ASC 825”). In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows.
Fair value for our outstanding debt obligations is estimated based on discounted future cash flows using rates currently available for debt of similar terms and maturity (Level 2). Our senior unsecured public notes are carried at the outstanding balance, net of unamortized bond discount and deferred costs, as of the end of the reporting period. The estimated fair value of our senior unsecured public notes was $411.3 million and $496.5 million as of May 31, 2022 and August 31, 2021, respectively. The decrease in fair value is due to increases in market bond yields since the end of fiscal 2021. As of May 31, 2022, we also had $122.0 million of short-term borrowings outstanding under our revolving credit facility. These borrowings are variable-rate instruments that reset on a frequent short-term basis; therefore, we estimate that the face amounts of these instruments approximate their fair values as of May 31, 2022. See Debt and Lines of Credit footnote for further details on our outstanding borrowings.
ASC 825 excludes certain financial instruments and all nonfinancial instruments from its disclosure requirements. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented do not represent the underlying value to us. In many cases, the fair value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent markets, nor can the
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ACUITY BRANDS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

disclosed value be realized in immediate settlement of the instruments. In evaluating our management of liquidity and other risks, the fair values of all assets and liabilities should be taken into consideration, not only those presented above.
Note 6 — Inventories
Inventories include materials, labor, inbound freight, and related manufacturing overhead; are stated at the lower of cost (on a first-in, first-out or average cost basis) and net realizable value; and consist of the following as of the dates presented (in millions):

| May 31, 2022 |  | August 31, 2021
Raw materials, supplies, and work in process (1) | $ | 266.5 |  |  | $ | 209.5 |
Finished goods | 350.0 |  |  | 227.2 |
Inventories excluding reserves | 616.5 |  |  | 436.7 |
Less: Reserves | (35.9) |  |  | (38.0) |
Total inventories | $ | 580.6 |  |  | $ | 398.7 |

_______________________________________
(1) Due to the immaterial amount of estimated work in process and the short lead times for the conversion of raw materials to finished goods, we do not believe the segregation of raw materials and work in process is meaningful information.
We review inventory quantities on hand and record a provision for excess or obsolete inventory primarily based on estimated future demand and current market conditions. A significant change in customer demand or market conditions could render certain inventory obsolete and could have a material adverse impact on our operating results in the period the change occurs.
Note 7 — Property, Plant, and Equipment
Property, plant, and equipment consist of the following as of the dates presented (in millions):

| May 31, 2022 |  | August 31, 2021
Land | $ | 22.3 |  |  | $ | 22.4 |
Buildings and leasehold improvements | 201.5 |  |  | 198.0 |
Machinery and equipment | 653.9 |  |  | 624.9 |
Total property, plant, and equipment, at cost | 877.7 |  |  | 845.3 |
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization | (608.5) |  |  | (576.2) |
Property, plant, and equipment, net | $ | 269.2 |  |  | $ | 269.1 |

During the second quarter of fiscal 2022, we sold one building previously classified as held for sale with a carrying value of $6.6 million for a gain of approximately $2.3 million reflected in Selling, distribution, and administrative expenses within our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.
Note 8 — Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Through multiple acquisitions, we acquired definite-lived intangible assets consisting primarily of customer relationships, patented technology, distribution networks, and trademarks and trade names associated with specific products, which are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of trade names that are expected to generate cash flows indefinitely.
We recorded amortization expense for definite-lived intangible assets of $10.2 million and $10.2 million during the three months ended May 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $30.8 million and $30.4 million during the nine months ended May 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Amortization expense is generally recorded on a straight-line basis and is expected to be approximately $41.2 million in fiscal 2022, $40.5 million in fiscal 2023, $40.0 million in fiscal 2024, $31.9 million in fiscal 2025, and $29.1 million in fiscal 2026.
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ACUITY BRANDS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

The following table summarizes the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment during the periods presented (in millions):

| ABL |  | ISG |  | Total
Balance as of August 31, 2021 | $ | 1,022.2 |  |  | $ | 72.5 |  |  | $ | 1,094.7 |
Adjustments to provisional amounts from acquired businesses | 0.6 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.6 |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | (4.3) |  |  | (0.1) |  |  | (4.4) |
Balance as of May 31, 2022 | $ | 1,018.5 |  |  | $ | 72.4 |  |  | $ | 1,090.9 |

| ABL |  | ISG |  | Total
Balance as of August 31, 2020 | $ | 1,012.6 |  |  | $ | 67.4 |  |  | $ | 1,080.0 |
Additions from acquired businesses | — |  |  | 3.1 |  |  | 3.1 |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | 8.4 |  |  | 4.7 |  |  | 13.1 |
Balance as of May 31, 2021 | $ | 1,021.0 |  |  | $ | 75.2 |  |  | $ | 1,096.2 |

Further discussion of goodwill and other intangible assets is included within the Significant Accounting Policies footnote of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements within our Form 10-K.
Note 9 — Other Current Liabilities
Other current liabilities consist of the following as of the dates presented (in millions):

| May 31, 2022 |  | August 31, 2021
Customer incentive programs(1) | $ | 24.6 |  |  | $ | 33.9 |
Refunds to customers(1) | 26.6 |  |  | 28.1 |
Current deferred revenues(1) | 10.2 |  |  | 7.7 |
Sales commissions | 31.0 |  |  | 28.9 |
Freight costs | 23.4 |  |  | 17.6 |
Warranty and recall costs(2) | 16.3 |  |  | 16.8 |
Tax-related items(3) | 6.4 |  |  | 11.7 |
Interest on long-term debt(4) | 5.1 |  |  | 2.4 |
Other(5) | 52.2 |  |  | 42.4 |
Total other current liabilities | $ | 195.8 |  |  | $ | 189.5 |

____________________________________
(1)Refer to the Revenue Recognition footnote of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements within our Form 10-K for additional information.
(2)Refer to the Commitments and Contingencies footnote of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
(3)Includes accruals for income, property, sales and use, and value added taxes.
(4)Refer to the Debt and Lines of Credit footnote of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
(5)Includes an accrual of $15.8 million as of May 31, 2022, related to the securities class action matter. Refer to the Commitments and Contingencies footnote of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
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ACUITY BRANDS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

Note 10 — Debt and Lines of Credit
Long-term Debt
On November 10, 2020, Acuity Brands Lighting, Inc. issued $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2.150% senior unsecured notes due December 15, 2030 (the “Unsecured Notes”). The Unsecured Notes bear interest at a rate of 2.150% per annum and were issued at a price equal to 99.737% of their face value. Interest on the Unsecured Notes is paid semi-annually in arrears on June 15 and December 15 of each year. The Unsecured Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by Acuity Brands, Inc. and ABL IP Holding LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Acuity Brands, Inc. We recorded $4.8 million of deferred issuance costs related to the Unsecured Notes as a direct deduction from the face amount of the Unsecured Notes. These issuance costs are amortized over the 10-year term of the Unsecured Notes. As of May 31, 2022, the balance of the Unsecured Notes net of unamortized discount and deferred issuance costs was $494.8 million.
Lines of Credit
On June 29, 2018, we entered into a credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with a syndicate of banks that provides us with a $400.0 million five-year unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”). We had $122.0 million in short-term borrowings outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility as of May 31, 2022. There were no borrowings outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility as of August 31, 2021. The Credit Agreement expires in June 2023; however, we entered into a new agreement prior to this expiration. See Subsequent Event footnote for further details on the terms of the new agreement.
Generally, amounts outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility allow for borrowings to bear interest at either the Eurocurrency Rate or the base rate at our option, plus an applicable margin. Eurocurrency Rate advances can be denominated in a variety of currencies, including U.S. Dollars, and amounts outstanding bear interest at a periodic fixed rate equal to the London Inter-Bank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or screen rate for the applicable currency plus an applicable margin. The Eurocurrency Rate applicable margin is based on our leverage ratio, as defined in the Credit Agreement, with such margin ranging from 1.000% to 1.375%. Base rate advances bear interest at an alternate base rate plus an applicable margin. The base rate applicable margin is based on our leverage ratio with such margin ranging from 0.000% to 0.375%.
On July 27, 2017, the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority, which regulates LIBOR, announced that it will phase out rates for the calculation of LIBOR. As a result of this change, certain LIBOR tenors and currencies were eliminated on December 31, 2021 with all other tenors and currencies of LIBOR anticipated to be eliminated on June 30, 2023.
We are required to pay certain fees in connection with the Credit Agreement, including administrative service fees and an annual facility fee. The annual facility fee is payable quarterly, in arrears, and is determined by our leverage ratio. The annual facility fee ranges from 0.125% to 0.250% of the aggregate $400.0 million commitment of the lenders under the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement contains financial covenants, including a minimum interest expense coverage ratio (“Minimum Interest Expense Coverage Ratio”) and a leverage ratio (“Maximum Leverage Ratio”) of total indebtedness to earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, and amortization (“EBITDA”), as such terms are defined in the Credit Agreement. These ratios are computed at the end of each fiscal quarter for the most recent 12-month period. The Credit Agreement generally allows for a Minimum Interest Expense Coverage Ratio of 2.50 and a Maximum Leverage Ratio of 3.50, subject to certain conditions.
We were in compliance with all financial covenants under the Credit Agreement as of May 31, 2022. As of May 31, 2022, we had outstanding letters of credit totaling $4.1 million, primarily for securing collateral requirements under our casualty insurance programs. At May 31, 2022, we had additional borrowing capacity under the Credit Agreement of $273.9 million under the most restrictive covenant in effect at the time, which represents the full amount of the Revolving Credit Facility less the outstanding letters of credit of $4.1 million issued under the Revolving Credit Facility and the $122.0 million of short-term borrowings outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility.
Borrowings and repayments on our Revolving Credit Facility with terms of three months or less are reported on a net basis on our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
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ACUITY BRANDS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

Interest Expense, net
Interest expense, net, is comprised primarily of interest expense on long-term debt, line of credit borrowings, and loans that are secured by and presented net of company-owned life insurance policies on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Interest expense is partially offset by interest income earned on cash and cash equivalents.
The following table summarizes the components of interest expense, net for the periods presented (in millions):

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2021 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2021
Interest expense | $ | 6.6 |  |  | $ | 6.4 |  |  | $ | 19.2 |  |  | $ | 18.4 |
Interest income | (0.4) |  |  | (0.2) |  |  | (1.1) |  |  | (0.7) |
Interest expense, net | $ | 6.2 |  |  | $ | 6.2 |  |  | $ | 18.1 |  |  | $ | 17.7 |

Note 11 — Commitments and Contingencies
In the normal course of business, we are subject to the effects of certain contractual stipulations, events, transactions, and laws and regulations that may, at times, require the recognition of liabilities, such as those related to self-insurance estimated liabilities and claims, legal and contractual issues, environmental laws and regulations, guarantees, and indemnities. We establish estimated liabilities when the associated costs related to uncertainties or guarantees become probable and can be reasonably estimated. For the period ended May 31, 2022, no material changes have occurred in our estimated liabilities for self-insurance, litigation, environmental matters, guarantees and indemnities, or relevant events and circumstances, from those disclosed in the Commitments and Contingencies footnote of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements within our Form 10-K other than the items discussed below.
Product Warranty and Recall Costs
Our products generally have a standard warranty term of five years that assures our products comply with agreed upon specifications. We record an accrual for the estimated amount of future warranty costs when the related revenue is recognized. Estimated costs related to product recalls based on a formal campaign soliciting repair or return of that product are accrued when they are deemed to be probable and can be reasonably estimated. Estimated future warranty and recall costs are primarily based on historical experience of identified warranty and recall claims. However, there can be no assurance that future warranty or recall costs will not exceed historical amounts or that new technology products may not generate unexpected costs. If actual future warranty or recall costs exceed historical amounts, additional increases in the accrual may be required, which could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations, financial position, and cash flows.
Estimated liabilities for product warranty and recall costs are included in Other accrued liabilities and Other long-term liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets based upon when we expect to settle the incurred warranty. The following table summarizes changes in the estimated liabilities for product warranty and recall costs during the periods presented (in millions):

| Nine Months Ended
| May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2021
Beginning balance | $ | 20.3 |  |  | $ | 16.1 |
Warranty and recall costs | 21.4 |  |  | 23.8 |
Payments and other deductions | (21.3) |  |  | (21.2) |
Ending balance | $ | 20.4 |  |  | $ | 18.7 |

Securities Class Action
On October 5, 2021, the parties to the shareholder class action litigation previously disclosed and styled In re Acuity Brands, Inc. Securities Litigation, Civil Action No. 1:18-cv-02140-MHC (N.D. Ga.) executed a term sheet for settlement of the litigation, subject to documentation of the settlement and approval of the District Court after notice
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ACUITY BRANDS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

to class members. On December 2, 2021, the lead plaintiff in the case filed an unopposed motion seeking preliminary approval of the settlement which attaches the settlement stipulation and exhibits thereto. On June 7, 2022, following an approval hearing, the District Court entered a judgment approving the settlement and dismissing the action with prejudice. The agreed-upon settlement payment of $15.8 million has been funded entirely by applicable Directors and Officers liability insurance. As such, we did not incur a significant net loss or cash outflow as a result of the settlement of this matter. As of May 31, 2022, we reflected a liability for the settlement amount within Other current liabilities and a corresponding receivable for the offsetting insurance proceeds within Prepayments and other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Shareholder Derivative Complaint
On October 1, 2021, certain alleged shareholders of the Company filed a putative derivative complaint in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia asserting claims against three of the individuals named as defendants in the above securities action for breach of fiduciary duty and certain other claims arising out of the alleged facts and circumstances upon which the claims in the above securities class action are based (the “Derivative Complaint”). The Company is named as a nominal defendant, and the plaintiffs seek on behalf of the Company unspecified damages from the individual defendants and other relief. Prior to filing the Derivative Complaint, the derivative plaintiffs sent letters to the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) demanding that the Company investigate and pursue substantially the same claims against the individual defendants that are asserted in the Derivative Complaint. The Company’s Board formed a demand evaluation committee consisting of independent directors to investigate these matters and make a recommendation to the Board regarding the best interests of the Company in connection therewith. The committee’s work is ongoing. On December 14, 2021, the Company filed a motion to stay the derivative action pending the conclusion of the related securities class action or, in the alternative, to dismiss the derivative action without prejudice as premature, given the demand evaluation committee’s ongoing work. Also on December 14, 2021, the individual defendants filed a motion to dismiss the Derivative Complaint for failure to adequately plead any claim for relief against them.
Estimating an amount or range of possible losses or gains resulting from litigation proceedings is inherently difficult, particularly where the matters involve indeterminate claims for monetary damages and are in the stages of the proceedings where key evidential and legal issues have not been resolved. For these reasons, we are currently unable to predict the ultimate timing or outcome of or reasonably estimate the possible losses or gains or a range of possible losses or gains resulting from the Derivative Complaint.
Litigation
We are subject to various other legal claims arising in the normal course of business, including patent infringement, employment matters, and product liability claims. Based on information currently available, it is the opinion of management that the ultimate resolution of pending and threatened legal proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. However, in the event of unexpected future developments, it is possible that the ultimate resolution of any such matters, if unfavorable, could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows in future periods. We establish estimated liabilities for legal claims when associated costs become probable and can be reasonably estimated. The actual costs of resolving legal claims may be substantially higher than the amounts accrued for such claims. However, we cannot make a meaningful estimate of actual costs to be incurred that could possibly be higher or lower than the accrued amounts.
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ACUITY BRANDS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

Note 12 — Changes in Stockholders' Equity
The following tables summarize changes in the components of stockholders' equity for the periods presented (in millions):

| Common Stock Outstanding |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Shares |  | Amount |  | Paid-in Capital |  | Retained Earnings |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Treasury Stock, at cost |  | Total
Balance, August 31, 2021 | 35.2 |  |  | $ | 0.5 |  |  | $ | 995.6 |  |  | $ | 2,810.3 |  |  | $ | (98.2) |  |  | $ | (1,663.7) |  |  | $ | 2,044.5 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 87.6 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 87.6 |
Other comprehensive loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (10.7) |  |  | — |  |  | (10.7) |
Share-based payment amortization, issuances, and cancellations | 0.1 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.4 |
Employee stock purchase plan issuances | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.6 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.6 |
Cash dividends of $0.13 per share paid on common stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4.7) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4.7) |
Stock options exercised | 0.1 |  |  | — |  |  | 8.0 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8.0 |
Repurchases of common stock | (0.3) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (52.8) |  |  | (52.8) |
Balance, November 30, 2021 | 35.1 |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | 1,004.6 |  |  | 2,893.2 |  |  | (108.9) |  |  | (1,716.5) |  |  | 2,072.9 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 75.3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 75.3 |
Other comprehensive income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6.0 |  |  | — |  |  | 6.0 |
Share-based payment amortization, issuances, and cancellations | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9.4 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9.4 |
Employee stock purchase plan issuances | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.4 |
Cash dividends of $0.13 per share paid on common stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4.6) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4.6) |
Stock options exercised | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1.2 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1.2 |
Repurchases of common stock | (0.3) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (56.3) |  |  | (56.3) |
Balance, February 28, 2022 | 34.8 |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | 1,015.6 |  |  | 2,963.9 |  |  | (102.9) |  |  | (1,772.8) |  |  | 2,104.3 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 105.7 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 105.7 |
Other comprehensive loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (0.6) |  |  | — |  |  | (0.6) |
Share-based payment amortization, issuances, and cancellations | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9.2 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9.2 |
Employee stock purchase plan issuances | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.4 |
Cash dividends of $0.13 per share paid on common stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4.4) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4.4) |
Repurchases of common stock | (1.7) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (296.0) |  |  | (296.0) |
Balance, May 31, 2022 | 33.1 |  |  | $ | 0.5 |  |  | $ | 1,025.2 |  |  | $ | 3,065.2 |  |  | $ | (103.5) |  |  | $ | (2,068.8) |  |  | $ | 1,918.6 |

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

| Common Stock Outstanding |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Shares |  | Amount |  | Paid-in Capital |  | Retained Earnings |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Treasury Stock, at cost |  | Total
Balance, August 31, 2020 | 38.9 |  |  | $ | 0.5 |  |  | $ | 963.6 |  |  | $ | 2,523.3 |  |  | $ | (132.7) |  |  | $ | (1,227.2) |  |  | $ | 2,127.5 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 59.6 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 59.6 |
Other comprehensive income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6.2 |  |  | — |  |  | 6.2 |
Cumulative effect of adoption of ASC 326 | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (0.2) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (0.2) |
Share-based payment amortization, issuances, and cancellations | 0.1 |  |  | — |  |  | 4.7 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4.7 |
Employee stock purchase plan issuances | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.3 |
Cash dividends of $0.13 per share paid on common stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (5.0) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (5.0) |
Repurchases of common stock | (2.6) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (256.1) |  |  | (256.1) |
Balance, November 30, 2020 | 36.4 |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | 968.6 |  |  | 2,577.7 |  |  | (126.5) |  |  | (1,483.3) |  |  | 1,937.0 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 62.9 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 62.9 |
Other comprehensive income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8.4 |  |  | — |  |  | 8.4 |
Share-based payment amortization, issuances, and cancellations | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8.6 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8.6 |
Employee stock purchase plan issuances | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.2 |
Cash dividends of $0.13 per share paid on common stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4.7) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4.7) |
Stock options exercised | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.4 |
Repurchases of common stock | (0.7) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (80.3) |  |  | (80.3) |
Balance, February 28, 2021 | 35.7 |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | 977.8 |  |  | 2,635.9 |  |  | (118.1) |  |  | (1,563.6) |  |  | 1,932.5 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 85.7 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 85.7 |
Other comprehensive income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 20.7 |  |  | — |  |  | 20.7 |
Share-based payment amortization, issuances, and cancellations | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6.2 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6.2 |
Employee stock purchase plan issuances | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.3 |
Cash dividends of $0.13 per share paid on common stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4.6) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4.6) |
Stock options exercised | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.8 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.8 |
Repurchases of common stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2.5) |  |  | (2.5) |
Balance, May 31, 2021 | 35.7 |  |  | $ | 0.5 |  |  | $ | 985.1 |  |  | $ | 2,717.0 |  |  | $ | (97.4) |  |  | $ | (1,566.1) |  |  | $ | 2,039.1 |

Note 13 — Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue when we transfer control of goods and services to our customers. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for goods and services and is recognized net of allowances for rebates, sales incentives, product returns, and discounts to customers. Further details regarding revenue recognition are included within the Revenue Recognition footnote of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements within our Form 10-K.
Contract Balances
Our rights related to collections from customers are unconditional and are reflected within Accounts receivable on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. We do not have any other significant contract assets. Contract liabilities arise when we receive cash or an unconditional right to collect cash prior to the transfer of control of goods or services.
The amount of transaction price from contracts with customers allocated to our contract liabilities consists of the following as of the periods presented (in millions):

| May 31, 2022 |  | August 31, 2021
Current deferred revenues | $ | 10.2 |  |  | $ | 7.7 |
Non-current deferred revenues | 53.6 |  |  | 56.7 |

Current deferred revenues primarily consist of sales-type warranties, software licenses, and professional service fees collected prior to performing the related service. Current deferred revenues are included within Other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. These services are expected to be performed within one year from the dates presented. Non-current deferred revenues primarily consist of long-term service-type warranties, which are typically recognized ratably as revenue between five and ten years from the date of sale, and are included
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ACUITY BRANDS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

within Other long-term liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Revenue recognized from beginning balances of contract liabilities during the nine months ended May 31, 2022 totaled $6.5 million.
Unsatisfied performance obligations that do not represent contract liabilities are expected to be satisfied within one year from May 31, 2022 and consist primarily of orders for physical goods that have not yet been shipped.
Disaggregated Revenues
Our ABL segment's lighting and lighting controls are sold primarily through independent sales agents who cover specific geographic areas and market channels, by internal sales representatives, through consumer retail channels, and directly to large corporate accounts. ISG sells predominantly to system integrators. The following table shows revenue from contracts with customers by sales channel and reconciles to our segment information for the periods presented (in millions):

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2021 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2021
ABL: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Independent sales network | $ | 725.9 |  |  | $ | 628.0 |  |  | $ | 1,977.0 |  |  | $ | 1,737.4 |
Direct sales network | 96.1 |  |  | 96.7 |  |  | 269.3 |  |  | 256.0 |
Retail sales | 44.7 |  |  | 36.1 |  |  | 134.3 |  |  | 135.8 |
Corporate accounts | 59.1 |  |  | 44.0 |  |  | 149.7 |  |  | 93.1 |
Other | 82.6 |  |  | 45.2 |  |  | 224.8 |  |  | 118.1 |
Total ABL | 1,008.4 |  |  | 850.0 |  |  | 2,755.1 |  |  | 2,340.4 |
ISG | 58.3 |  |  | 55.4 |  |  | 154.7 |  |  | 139.5 |
Eliminations | (6.1) |  |  | (5.7) |  |  | (14.0) |  |  | (11.6) |
Total | $ | 1,060.6 |  |  | $ | 899.7 |  |  | $ | 2,895.8 |  |  | $ | 2,468.3 |

Note 14 — Share-based Payments
We account for share-based payments through the measurement and recognition of compensation expense for share-based payment awards made to employees and directors over the related requisite service period, including stock options, performance stock units, and restricted stock (all part of our equity incentive plan), as well as stock units representing certain deferrals into our director deferred compensation plan or our supplemental deferred savings plan.
The following table presents share-based payment expense for the periods presented (in millions):

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2021 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2021
Share-based payment expense | $ | 9.9 |  |  | $ | 7.1 |  |  | $ | 27.5 |  |  | $ | 22.3 |

We recognized excess tax benefits of $4.6 million related to share-based payment awards during the nine months ended May 31, 2022.
Further details regarding our share-based payments are included within the Share-based Payments footnote of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements within our Form 10-K.
Note 15 — Pension Plans
We have several pension plans, both qualified and non-qualified, covering certain hourly and salaried employees. Benefits paid under these plans are based generally on employees’ years of service and/or compensation during the final years of employment. We make at least the minimum annual contributions to the plans to the extent indicated by actuarial valuations and statutory requirements. Plan assets are invested primarily in fixed income and equity securities.
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ACUITY BRANDS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

Service cost of net periodic pension cost is allocated between Cost of products sold and Selling, distribution, and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income based on the nature of the employee's services. All other components of net periodic pension cost are included within Miscellaneous (income) expense, net in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. Net periodic pension cost included the following components before tax for the periods presented (in millions):

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2021 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2021
Service cost | $ | 1.3 |  |  | $ | 1.2 |  |  | $ | 3.7 |  |  | $ | 3.7 |
Interest cost | 1.5 |  |  | 1.6 |  |  | 4.6 |  |  | 4.7 |
Expected return on plan assets | (3.5) |  |  | (3.4) |  |  | (10.4) |  |  | (10.0) |
Amortization of prior service cost | 0.7 |  |  | 0.8 |  |  | 2.1 |  |  | 2.2 |
Recognized actuarial loss | 0.8 |  |  | 1.4 |  |  | 2.6 |  |  | 4.1 |
Net periodic pension cost | $ | 0.8 |  |  | $ | 1.6 |  |  | $ | 2.6 |  |  | $ | 4.7 |

Further details regarding our pension plans are included within the Pension and Defined Contribution Plans footnote of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements within our Form 10-K.
Note 16 — Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net earnings available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share is computed similarly but reflects the potential dilution that would occur if dilutive options were exercised, all unvested share-based payment awards were vested, and other distributions related to deferred stock agreements were incurred. Common stock equivalents are calculated using the treasury stock method. The dilutive effects of share-based payment awards subject to market and/or performance conditions that were not met during the period are excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share.
The following table calculates basic earnings per common share and diluted earnings per common share for the periods presented (in millions, except per share data):

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2021 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2021
Net income | $ | 105.7 |  |  | $ | 85.7 |  |  | $ | 268.6 |  |  | $ | 208.2 |
Basic weighted average shares outstanding | 34.1 |  |  | 35.7 |  |  | 34.7 |  |  | 36.5 |
Common stock equivalents | 0.3 |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | 0.3 |
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding | 34.4 |  |  | 36.2 |  |  | 35.1 |  |  | 36.8 |
Basic earnings per share | $ | 3.10 |  |  | $ | 2.40 |  |  | $ | 7.75 |  |  | $ | 5.70 |
Diluted earnings per share | $ | 3.07 |  |  | $ | 2.37 |  |  | $ | 7.66 |  |  | $ | 5.66 |

The following table presents stock options, performance stock awards, and restricted stock awards that were excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation for the periods presented as the effect of inclusion would have been antidilutive (in millions):

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2021 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2021
Stock options | 0.1 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | 1.0 |
Restricted stock awards | 0.1 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | — |

Further discussion of our share-based payment awards is included within the Common Stock and Related Matters and Share-based Payments footnotes of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements within our Form 10-K.
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ACUITY BRANDS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

Note 17 — Comprehensive Income
Comprehensive income represents a measure of all changes in equity that result from recognized transactions and other economic events other than transactions with owners in their capacity as owners. Comprehensive income includes our net income as well as other comprehensive income (loss) items. Other comprehensive (loss) income items include foreign currency translation and pension adjustments.
The following table presents the changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive loss net of tax during the periods presented (in millions):

| Foreign Currency Items |  | Defined Benefit Pension Plans |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Items
Balance at August 31, 2021 | $ | (40.2) |  |  | $ | (58.0) |  |  | $ | (98.2) |
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications | (8.9) |  |  | — |  |  | (8.9) |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss (1) | — |  |  | 3.6 |  |  | 3.6 |
Net current period other comprehensive (loss) income | (8.9) |  |  | 3.6 |  |  | (5.3) |
Balance at May 31, 2022 | $ | (49.1) |  |  | $ | (54.4) |  |  | $ | (103.5) |

| Foreign Currency Items |  | Defined Benefit Pension Plans |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Items
Balance at August 31, 2020 | $ | (53.5) |  |  | $ | (79.2) |  |  | $ | (132.7) |
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications | 33.6 |  |  | (3.2) |  |  | 30.4 |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss (1) | — |  |  | 4.9 |  |  | 4.9 |
Net current period other comprehensive income | 33.6 |  |  | 1.7 |  |  | 35.3 |
Balance at May 31, 2021 | $ | (19.9) |  |  | $ | (77.5) |  |  | $ | (97.4) |

_______________________________________
(1) The before tax amounts of the defined benefit pension plan items are included in net periodic pension cost. See the Pension and Defined Contribution Plans footnote for additional details.
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ACUITY BRANDS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

The following table summarizes the tax expense or benefit allocated to each component of other comprehensive income (loss) for the periods presented (in millions):

| Three Months Ended
| May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2021
| Before Tax Amount |  | Tax (Expense) Benefit |  | Net of Tax Amount |  | Before Tax Amount |  | Tax (Expense) Benefit |  | Net of Tax Amount
Foreign currency translation adjustments | $ | (1.8) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (1.8) |  |  | $ | 22.3 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 22.3 |
Defined benefit pension plans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tax adjustments | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (3.2) |  |  | (3.2) |
Amortization of defined benefit pension items: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Prior service cost | 0.7 |  |  | (0.1) |  |  | 0.6 |  |  | 0.8 |  |  | (0.2) |  |  | 0.6 |
Actuarial losses | 0.8 |  |  | (0.2) |  |  | 0.6 |  |  | 1.4 |  |  | (0.4) |  |  | 1.0 |
Total defined benefit pension plans, net | 1.5 |  |  | (0.3) |  |  | 1.2 |  |  | 2.2 |  |  | (3.8) |  |  | (1.6) |
Other comprehensive (loss) income | $ | (0.3) |  |  | $ | (0.3) |  |  | $ | (0.6) |  |  | $ | 24.5 |  |  | $ | (3.8) |  |  | $ | 20.7 |
| Nine Months Ended
| May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2021
| Before Tax Amount |  | Tax (Expense) Benefit |  | Net of Tax Amount |  | Before Tax Amount |  | Tax (Expense) Benefit |  | Net of Tax Amount
Foreign currency translation adjustments | $ | (8.9) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (8.9) |  |  | $ | 33.6 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 33.6 |
Defined benefit pension plans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tax adjustments | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (3.2) |  |  | (3.2) |
Amortization of defined benefit pension items: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Prior service cost | 2.1 |  |  | (0.5) |  |  | 1.6 |  |  | 2.2 |  |  | (0.5) |  |  | 1.7 |
Actuarial losses | 2.6 |  |  | (0.6) |  |  | 2.0 |  |  | 4.1 |  |  | (0.9) |  |  | 3.2 |
Total defined benefit pension plans, net | 4.7 |  |  | (1.1) |  |  | 3.6 |  |  | 6.3 |  |  | (4.6) |  |  | 1.7 |
Other comprehensive (loss) income | $ | (4.2) |  |  | $ | (1.1) |  |  | $ | (5.3) |  |  | $ | 39.9 |  |  | $ | (4.6) |  |  | $ | 35.3 |

Note 18 — Segment Information
We report our financial results of operations in two reportable segments, ABL and ISG, consistent with how our chief operating decision maker currently evaluates operating results, assesses performance, and allocates resources within the Company.
The accounting policies of our reportable segments are the same as those described in the Significant Accounting Policies footnote of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements within our Form 10-K. Corporate expenses that are primarily administrative in function and benefit the Company on an entity-wide basis are not allocated to our segments. These include expenses related to governance, policy setting, compliance, and certain other shared services functions. Additionally, we do not allocate net interest expense, net miscellaneous expense, special charges, or assets to our segments. Accordingly, this information is not used by the chief operating decision maker to make operating decisions and assess performance and is therefore excluded from our disclosures.
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ACUITY BRANDS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

The following table presents financial information by operating segment for the periods presented (in millions):

| ABL |  | ISG |  | Corporate |  | Eliminations(1) |  | Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Three Months Ended May 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales | $ | 1,008.4 |  |  | $ | 58.3 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (6.1) |  |  | $ | 1,060.6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating profit (loss) | 149.6 |  |  | 9.2 |  |  | (16.1) |  |  | — |  |  | 142.7 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 19.6 |  |  | 3.6 |  |  | 0.3 |  |  | — |  |  | 23.5 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Three Months Ended May 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales | $ | 850.0 |  |  | $ | 55.4 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (5.7) |  |  | $ | 899.7 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating profit (loss) | 126.5 |  |  | 7.2 |  |  | (15.6) |  |  | — |  |  | 118.1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 21.0 |  |  | 3.7 |  |  | 0.3 |  |  | — |  |  | 25.0 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Nine Months Ended May 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales | $ | 2,755.1 |  |  | $ | 154.7 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (14.0) |  |  | $ | 2,895.8 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating profit (loss) | 394.2 |  |  | 12.4 |  |  | (46.5) |  |  | — |  |  | 360.1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 59.8 |  |  | 10.8 |  |  | 0.8 |  |  | — |  |  | 71.4 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Nine Months Ended May 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales | $ | 2,340.4 |  |  | $ | 139.5 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (11.6) |  |  | $ | 2,468.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating profit (loss) | 326.9 |  |  | 7.9 |  |  | (40.0) |  |  | — |  |  | 294.8 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 63.2 |  |  | 11.0 |  |  | 0.8 |  |  | — |  |  | 75.0 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

____________________________
(1) This column represents intersegment sales. Profit on these sales eliminates within gross profit on a consolidated basis.
The following table reconciles operating profit by segment to income before income taxes (in millions):

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2021 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2021
Operating profit - ABL | $ | 149.6 |  |  | $ | 126.5 |  |  | $ | 394.2 |  |  | $ | 326.9 |
Operating profit - ISG | 9.2 |  |  | 7.2 |  |  | 12.4 |  |  | 7.9 |
Unallocated corporate amounts | (16.1) |  |  | (15.6) |  |  | (46.5) |  |  | (40.0) |
Operating profit | 142.7 |  |  | 118.1 |  |  | 360.1 |  |  | 294.8 |
Interest expense, net | 6.2 |  |  | 6.2 |  |  | 18.1 |  |  | 17.7 |
Miscellaneous (income) expense, net | (1.5) |  |  | 2.7 |  |  | (3.1) |  |  | 6.5 |
Income before income taxes | $ | 138.0 |  |  | $ | 109.2 |  |  | $ | 345.1 |  |  | $ | 270.6 |

Note 19 — Subsequent Event
On June 30, 2022, we entered into a new revolving credit facility (the “New Revolving Credit Facility”) with a syndicate of banks that replaced the existing Revolving Credit Facility set to expire in June 2023. The New Revolving Credit Facility, among other things, (i) increases borrowing capacity by $200 million to $600 million with the ability to request additional capacity of $400 million; (ii) extends the maturity date from June 2023 to June 2027; (iii) replaces the benchmark reference rate for U.S. Dollar borrowings from LIBOR to the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) and for non-U.S. Dollar borrowings to the applicable benchmark rate for those currencies; (iv) reduces pricing for borrowings as well as annual facility and administration fees; (v) adjusts the applicable margin pricing grid mechanics to be based on the better of our public credit ratings or our net leverage ratio; (vi) increases the Maximum Leverage Ratio financial covenant 25 basis points to 3.75 (subject to temporary increase to 4.25 in the event of a significant acquisition) and allows netting of all unrestricted cash and cash equivalents against debt; and (vii) removes the Minimum Interest Expense Coverage Ratio financial covenant.
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Item 2.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The purpose of this discussion and analysis is to enhance the understanding and evaluation of the results of operations, financial position, cash flows, indebtedness, and other key financial information of Acuity Brands, Inc. (referred to herein as “we,” “our,” “us,” the “Company,” or similar references) and its subsidiaries as of May 31, 2022 and for the three and nine months ended May 31, 2022 and 2021. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included within this report. Also, please refer to Acuity Brands, Inc.'s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2021, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on October 27, 2021 (“Form 10-K”).
Overview
Company
We are a market-leading industrial technology company. We use technology to solve problems in spaces and light. Through our two business segments, Acuity Brands Lighting and Lighting Controls (“ABL”) and the Intelligent Spaces Group (“ISG”) we design, manufacture, and bring to market products and services that make a valuable difference in people's lives. We achieve growth through the development of innovative new products and services, including lighting, lighting controls, building management systems, and location-aware applications. We achieve customer-focused efficiencies that allow us to increase market share and deliver superior returns. We look to aggressively deploy capital to grow the business and to enter attractive new verticals.
The results of operations for the three and nine months ended May 31, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full fiscal 2022 year due primarily to continued uncertainty of general economic conditions that may impact our key end markets for fiscal 2022, seasonality, and the impact of any acquisitions, among other reasons. We are uncertain of the future impact of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic or recovery of prior deterioration in economic conditions to our sales channels, supply chain, manufacturing, and distribution as well as overall construction, renovation, and consumer spending. Additionally, the current conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the related sanctions and other penalties imposed by countries across the globe against Russia are creating substantial uncertainty in the global economy. While we do not have operations in Russia or Ukraine and do not have significant direct exposure to customers and vendors in those countries, we are unable to predict the impact that these actions will have on the global economy or on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows as of the date of these financial statements.
Financial Condition, Capital Resources, and Liquidity
We have numerous sources of capital, including cash on hand and cash flows generated from operations as well as various sources of financing. Our ability to generate sufficient cash flow from operations or to access certain capital markets, including banks, is necessary to meet our capital allocation priorities, which are to reinvest in our current business growth, make strategic acquisitions and investments, pay dividends, and repurchase shares. Sufficient cash flow generation is also critical to fund our operations in the short and long terms and to maintain compliance with covenants contained in our financing agreements.
Our significant contractual cash requirements primarily include principal and interest on our unsecured notes and borrowings under our credit agreement, payments for operating lease liabilities, and certain purchase obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business that are enforceable and legally binding. Our obligations related to these items are described further within Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations within our Annual Report filed on Form 10-K. We believe that we will be able to meet our liquidity needs over the next 12 months based on our cash on hand, current projections of cash flows from operations, and borrowing availability under financing arrangements. Additionally, we believe that our cash flows from operations and sources of funding, including, but not limited to, future borrowings and borrowing capacity, will sufficiently support our long-term liquidity needs. In the event of a sustained market deterioration, we may need additional capital, which would require us to evaluate available alternatives and take appropriate actions.
Cash
Our cash position at May 31, 2022 was $318.2 million, a decrease of $173.1 million from August 31, 2021. Cash generated from operating activities and cash on hand were used during the current year to fund our capital allocation priorities as discussed below.
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We generated $165.7 million of cash flows from operating activities during the nine months ended May 31, 2022 compared with $316.2 million in the prior-year period, a decrease of $150.5 million. This decline was due primarily to increased operating working capital related primarily to higher inventory levels and increased income tax payments associated with our higher profit.
Financing Arrangements
See the Debt and Lines of Credit footnote of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for discussion of our various financing arrangements, including the $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2.150% senior unsecured notes due December 15, 2030 (the “Unsecured Notes”) as well as the terms of our $400.0 million five-year unsecured revolving credit facility (“Revolving Credit Facility”). The Revolving Credit Facility expires in June 2023; however, we entered into a new agreement prior to this expiration. See Subsequent Event footnote of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further details on the terms of the new agreement. At May 31, 2022, our outstanding debt balance was $616.8 million compared to our cash position of $318.2 million. We were in compliance with all financial covenants under our financing arrangements as of May 31, 2022.
At May 31, 2022, we had additional borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility of $273.9 million under the most restrictive covenant in effect at the time, which represents the full amount of the Revolving Credit Facility less the outstanding letters of credit of $4.1 million issued under the facility and the $122.0 million of short-term borrowings outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility. As of May 31, 2022, our cash on hand combined with the additional borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility totaled $592.1 million.
The Unsecured Notes were issued by Acuity Brands Lighting, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Acuity Brands, Inc. The Unsecured Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by Acuity Brands, Inc. and ABL IP Holding LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Acuity Brands, Inc. The following tables present summarized financial information for Acuity Brands, Inc., Acuity Brands Lighting, Inc., and ABL IP Holding LLC on a combined basis after the elimination of all intercompany balances and transactions between the combined group as well as any investments in non-guarantors as of the dates and during the period presented (in millions):

Summarized Balance Sheet Information |  | May 31, 2022 |  | August 31, 2021
Current assets |  | $ | 1,183.6 |  |  | $ | 1,172.0 |
Amounts due from non-guarantor affiliates |  | 285.5 |  |  | 213.4 |
Non-current assets |  | 1,392.1 |  |  | 1,391.7 |
Current liabilities |  | 764.3 |  |  | 595.1 |
Non-current liabilities |  | 817.6 |  |  | 815.7 |

Summarized Income Statement Information |  | Nine Months Ended May 31, 2022
Net sales |  | $ | 2,452.9 |
Gross profit |  | 1,024.3 |
Net income |  | 264.4 |

Capital Allocation Priorities
Our capital allocation priorities are to invest in our current business for growth, to invest in mergers and acquisitions, to maintain our dividend, and to make share repurchases.
Investments in Current Business Growth
We invested $38.0 million and $30.6 million during the nine months ended May 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, in property, plant, and equipment, primarily related to investments in new and enhanced information technology capabilities, tooling, equipment, and facility enhancements. We currently expect to invest approximately 1.5% of net sales on capital expenditures during fiscal 2022. Additionally, we increased our inventory levels to support growth and mitigate inconsistent supply availability at our production facilities.
Strategic Acquisitions and Investments
We seek opportunities to strategically expand and enhance our portfolio of solutions. There were no acquisitions during the first nine months of fiscal 2022. The $12.2 million of cash outflows reflected in the fiscal 2022 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows relate to fiscal 2021 acquisitions primarily for working capital settlements.
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Please refer to the Acquisitions footnote of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.
Dividends
We paid dividends on our common stock of $13.7 million ($0.39 per share) and $14.3 million ($0.39 per share) during the nine months ended May 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. All decisions regarding the declaration and payment of dividends are at the discretion of the Board of Directors (the “Board”) and are evaluated regularly in light of our financial condition, earnings, growth prospects, funding requirements, applicable law, and any other factors the Board deems relevant.
Share Repurchases
During the first nine months of fiscal 2022, we repurchased 2.3 million shares of our outstanding common stock for $405.1 million. Total cash outflows for share repurchases during the nine months ended May 31, 2022 were $403.5 million. We expect to repurchase shares on an opportunistic basis subject to various factors including stock price, Company performance, market conditions, and other possible uses of cash. As of May 31, 2022, the maximum number of shares that may yet be repurchased under the share repurchase program authorized by the Board equaled 3.5 million shares.
The COVID-19 Pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in intermittent worldwide government restrictions on the movement of people, goods, and services resulting in increased volatility in and disruptions to global markets. We remain committed to prioritizing the health and well-being of our associates and their families and ensuring that we operate effectively. We have implemented various health and safety policies and processes at our facilities in the United States, Mexico, Canada, and other locations as permitted by law.
The COVID-19 pandemic has had an adverse impact on our results of operations. The pandemic has caused reduced construction and renovation spending as well as a disruption in our supply chain for certain components, both of which negatively impacted our operating results. Although our facilities are open, a resurgence in COVID-19 cases, including as a result of new variants, may lead to the reimposition of previously lifted business closure requirements, the imposition of new restrictions, or the issuance of new or revised local or national health guidance. We also continue to incur additional health and safety costs including expenditures for personal protection equipment and facility enhancements to maintain proper distancing guidelines issued by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We have taken actions to reduce costs, including the realignment of headcount with current volumes, a limit on all non-essential employee travel, other efforts to decrease discretionary spending, and reductions in our real estate footprint. Additionally, we elected to defer certain employer payroll taxes as allowable under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES” Act) signed into law on March 27, 2020. Half of these deferrals were paid in December 2021, and the remaining deferrals are due in December 2022.
Although we have implemented significant measures to mitigate further spread of the virus, our employees, customers, suppliers, and contractors may continue to experience disruptions to business activities due to potential further government-mandated or voluntary shutdowns, general economic conditions, or other negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. We are continuously monitoring the adverse effects of the pandemic and identifying steps to mitigate those effects. As the COVID-19 pandemic is continually evolving, we are uncertain of its ultimate duration and impact. See Part I, Item 1a. Risk Factors of our Form 10-K for further details regarding the potential impacts of COVID-19 to our results of operations, financial position, and cash flows.
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Results of Operations
Third Quarter of Fiscal 2022 Compared with Third Quarter of Fiscal 2021
The following table sets forth information comparing the components of net income for the three months ended May 31, 2022 and 2021 (in millions except per share data):

| Three Months Ended |  |  |  |  |  |
| May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2021 |  | Increase (Decrease) |  | Percent Change |  |
Net sales | $ | 1,060.6 |  |  | $ | 899.7 |  |  | $ | 160.9 |  |  | 17.9 | % |  |
Cost of products sold | 615.5 |  |  | 513.1 |  |  | 102.4 |  |  | 20.0 | % |  |
Gross profit | 445.1 |  |  | 386.6 |  |  | 58.5 |  |  | 15.1 | % |  |
Percent of net sales | 42.0 | % |  | 43.0 | % |  | (100) |  | bps |  |  |
Selling, distribution, and administrative expenses | 302.4 |  |  | 268.0 |  |  | 34.4 |  |  | 12.8 | % |  |
Special charges | — |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | (0.5) |  |  | NM |  |
Operating profit | 142.7 |  |  | 118.1 |  |  | 24.6 |  |  | 20.8 | % |  |
Percent of net sales | 13.5 | % |  | 13.1 | % |  | 40 |  | bps |  |  |
Other expense: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense, net | 6.2 |  |  | 6.2 |  |  | — |  |  | — | % |  |
Miscellaneous (income) expense, net | (1.5) |  |  | 2.7 |  |  | (4.2) |  |  | NM |  |
Total other expense | 4.7 |  |  | 8.9 |  |  | (4.2) |  |  | (47.2) | % |  |
Income before income taxes | 138.0 |  |  | 109.2 |  |  | 28.8 |  |  | 26.4 | % |  |
Percent of net sales | 13.0 | % |  | 12.1 | % |  | 90 |  | bps |  |  |
Income tax expense | 32.3 |  |  | 23.5 |  |  | 8.8 |  |  | 37.4 | % |  |
Effective tax rate | 23.4 | % |  | 21.5 | % |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income | $ | 105.7 |  |  | $ | 85.7 |  |  | $ | 20.0 |  |  | 23.3 | % |  |
Diluted earnings per share | $ | 3.07 |  |  | $ | 2.37 |  |  | $ | 0.70 |  |  | 29.5 | % |  |
NM - not meaningful |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Net Sales
Net sales for the three months ended May 31, 2022 increased $160.9 million, or 17.9%, to $1.06 billion compared with $899.7 million in the prior-year period. Both our ABL and ISG segments benefited from recent price increases as well as higher volumes. Revenues from acquired companies contributed an approximately 3% increase to current quarter revenues compared to the prior year. Changes in foreign currency rates did not have a meaningful impact on net sales for the third quarter of fiscal 2022.
Gross Profit
Gross profit for the third quarter of fiscal 2022 increased $58.5 million, or 15.1%, to $445.1 million compared with $386.6 million in the prior-year period, while gross profit margin decreased 100 basis points to 42.0% from 43.0%. In this inflationary environment, we continued to experience material, labor, and freight escalations while also taking pricing actions that mitigated these escalations. Gross profit margin was also unfavorably impacted by the near-term dilutive effects of recent acquisitions.
Operating Profit
Selling, distribution, and administrative expenses ("SD&A") expenses for the three months ended May 31, 2022 were $302.4 million compared with $268.0 million in the prior-year period, an increase of $34.4 million, or 12.8%. The increase in SD&A expense was due primarily to higher outbound freight and commission costs associated with higher sales as well as increased employee-related costs due in part to recent acquisitions.
Operating profit for the third quarter of fiscal 2022 was $142.7 million (13.5% of net sales) compared with $118.1 million (13.1% of net sales) for the prior-year period, an increase of $24.6 million, or 20.8%. The increase in operating profit was due primarily to higher gross profit associated with the increase in sales, partially offset by
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higher SD&A expenses. The operating profit margin increase of 40 bps year over year was due primarily to improved leveraging of our operating costs, partially offset by the decline in gross profit margin.
Other Expense
Other expense consists of net interest expense and net miscellaneous (income) expense, which includes non-service related components of net periodic pension cost, gains and losses associated with foreign currency-related transactions, and non-operating gains and losses.
Interest expense, net, was $6.2 million for the three months ended May 31, 2022 and 2021.
We reported net miscellaneous income of $1.5 million for the three months ended May 31, 2022 and net miscellaneous expense of $2.7 million for the three months ended May 31, 2021. The year-over-year change in net miscellaneous (income) expense was largely due to gains and losses on foreign currency-related transactions.
Income Taxes and Net Income
Our effective income tax rate was 23.4% and 21.5% for the three months ended May 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The increase in the effective income tax rate was primarily due to favorable discrete items recognized in the third quarter of fiscal 2021. We currently estimate that our blended consolidated effective income tax rate, before any discrete items, will be approximately 23% for fiscal 2022, assuming the rates in our taxing jurisdictions remain generally consistent throughout the fiscal year.
Net income for the three months ended May 31, 2022 increased $20.0 million, or 23.3%, to $105.7 million from $85.7 million reported for the prior-year period. The increase in net income resulted primarily from an increased operating profit compared to the prior-year period. Diluted earnings per share for the three months ended May 31, 2022 increased $0.70, or 29.5%, to $3.07 compared with diluted earnings per share of $2.37 for the prior-year period. This increase reflects higher net income as well as lower outstanding diluted shares.
Segment Results
The following table sets forth information comparing the operating results of our segments, ABL and ISG, for the three months ended May 31, 2022 and 2021 (in millions).

|  | Three Months Ended |  |  |  |
|  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2021 |  | Increase (Decrease) |  | Percent Change
ABL: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales |  | $ | 1,008.4 |  |  | $ | 850.0 |  |  | $ | 158.4 |  |  | 18.6 | %
Operating profit |  | 149.6 |  |  | 126.5 |  |  | 23.1 |  |  | 18.3 | %
Operating profit margin |  | 14.8 | % |  | 14.9 | % |  | (10) |  |  | bps
ISG: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales |  | $ | 58.3 |  |  | $ | 55.4 |  |  | $ | 2.9 |  |  | 5.2 | %
Operating profit |  | 9.2 |  |  | 7.2 |  |  | 2.0 |  |  | 27.8 | %
Operating profit margin |  | 15.8 | % |  | 13.0 | % |  | 280 |  | bps

ABL net sales for the three months ended May 31, 2022 increased $158.4 million, or 18.6%, to $1.01 billion compared with $850.0 million in the prior-year period. Sales within the independent sales network channel increased due to benefits from recent price increases as well as higher volumes. Additionally, sales within the corporate accounts channel increased year over year as some large accounts began previously deferred maintenance and renovations. Sales within the retail sales channel increased as sales began to return to normal levels after the customer inventory rebalancing experienced in previous quarters. Acquisitions contributed an approximately 3% increase in sales compared to the prior year and are reflected within the other sales channel in ABL's disaggregated revenue. Sales in our direct sales network channel were approximately flat year over year as products supporting this channel were impacted by component shortages.
Operating profit for ABL was $149.6 million (14.8% of ABL net sales) for the three months ended May 31, 2022 compared to $126.5 million (14.9% of ABL net sales) in the prior-year period, an increase of $23.1 million. The increase in operating profit was due primarily to contributions from higher sales partially offset by increased materials, labor, and freight costs as well as higher operating costs to support the increase in sales.
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ISG net sales for the three months ended May 31, 2022 increased $2.9 million, or 5.2%, to $58.3 million compared with $55.4 million in the prior-year period driven primarily by strong demand for building and heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning controls as well as price increases. ISG operating profit was $9.2 million for the three months ended May 31, 2022 compared to $7.2 million in the prior-year period, an increase of $2.0 million. This increase was due primarily to contributions from higher sales, partially offset by increased employee costs.
First Nine Months of Fiscal 2022 Compared with First Nine Months of Fiscal 2021
The following table sets forth information comparing the components of net income for the nine months ended May 31, 2022 and 2021 (in millions except per share data):

| Nine Months Ended |  |  |  |  |  |
| May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2021 |  | Increase (Decrease) |  | Percent Change |  |
Net sales | $ | 2,895.8 |  |  | $ | 2,468.3 |  |  | $ | 427.5 |  |  | 17.3 | % |  |
Cost of products sold | 1,685.6 |  |  | 1,412.6 |  |  | 273.0 |  |  | 19.3 | % |  |
Gross profit | 1,210.2 |  |  | 1,055.7 |  |  | 154.5 |  |  | 14.6 | % |  |
Percent of net sales | 41.8 | % |  | 42.8 | % |  | (100) |  | bps |  |  |
Selling, distribution, and administrative expenses | 850.1 |  |  | 759.4 |  |  | 90.7 |  |  | 11.9 | % |  |
Special charges | — |  |  | 1.5 |  |  | (1.5) |  |  | NM |  |
Operating profit | 360.1 |  |  | 294.8 |  |  | 65.3 |  |  | 22.2 | % |  |
Percent of net sales | 12.4 | % |  | 11.9 | % |  | 50 |  | bps |  |  |
Other expense: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense, net | 18.1 |  |  | 17.7 |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | 2.3 | % |  |
Miscellaneous (income) expense, net | (3.1) |  |  | 6.5 |  |  | (9.6) |  |  | NM |  |
Total other expense | 15.0 |  |  | 24.2 |  |  | (9.2) |  |  | (38.0) | % |  |
Income before income taxes | 345.1 |  |  | 270.6 |  |  | 74.5 |  |  | 27.5 | % |  |
Percent of net sales | 11.9 | % |  | 11.0 | % |  | 90 |  | bps |  |  |
Income tax expense | 76.5 |  |  | 62.4 |  |  | 14.1 |  |  | 22.6 | % |  |
Effective tax rate | 22.2 | % |  | 23.1 | % |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income | $ | 268.6 |  |  | $ | 208.2 |  |  | $ | 60.4 |  |  | 29.0 | % |  |
Diluted earnings per share | $ | 7.66 |  |  | $ | 5.66 |  |  | $ | 2.00 |  |  | 35.3 | % |  |
NM - not meaningful |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Net Sales
Net sales for the nine months ended May 31, 2022 increased $427.5 million, or 17.3%, to $2.90 billion compared with $2.47 billion in the prior-year period. Both our ABL and ISG segments benefited from recent price increases as well as higher volumes. Revenues from acquired companies contributed an approximately 3% increase in sales compared to the prior year. Changes in foreign currency rates did not have a meaningful impact on net sales for the first nine months of fiscal 2022.
Gross Profit
Gross profit for the nine months ended May 31, 2022 increased $154.5 million, or 14.6%, to $1.21 billion compared with $1.06 billion in the prior-year period. Gross profit margin decreased 100 basis points to 41.8% for the nine months ended May 31, 2022 compared with 42.8% in the prior-year period. In this inflationary environment, we continued to experience material, labor, and freight escalations while also taking pricing actions that mitigated these escalations. Gross profit margin was also unfavorably impacted by the near-term dilutive effects of recent acquisitions.
Operating Profit
SD&A expenses for the nine months ended May 31, 2022 were $850.1 million compared with $759.4 million in the prior-year period, an increase of $90.7 million, or 11.9%. The increase in SD&A expense was due primarily to higher outbound freight and commissions costs associated with higher sales as well as increased employee-related costs
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due in part to recent acquisitions.
Operating profit for the first nine months of fiscal 2022 was $360.1 million (12.4% of net sales) compared with $294.8 million (11.9% of net sales) for the prior-year period, an increase of $65.3 million, or 22.2%. The increase in operating profit was due primarily to higher gross profit associated with the increase in sales, partially offset by higher SD&A expenses. The operating profit margin increase of 50 bps year over year was the result of improved leveraging of our operating costs, partially offset by lower gross profit margin.
Other Expense
Other expense consists of net interest expense and net miscellaneous (income) expense, which includes non-service related components of net periodic pension cost, gains and losses associated with foreign currency-related transactions, and non-operating gains and losses.
Interest expense, net, was $18.1 million and $17.7 million for the nine months ended May 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
We reported net miscellaneous income of $3.1 million for the nine months ended May 31, 2022 and net miscellaneous expense of $6.5 million for the nine months ended May 31, 2021. During the first nine months of fiscal 2021, we recorded an impairment charge of $4.0 million for an unconsolidated equity investment. Further details regarding the impairment charge are included in the Fair Value Measurements footnote of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Excluding the impairment, the year-over-year change in net miscellaneous (income) expense was largely due to gains and losses on foreign currency-related transactions.
Income Taxes and Net Income
Our effective income tax rate was 22.2% and 23.1% for the nine months ended May 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The decrease in the effective income tax rate was primarily due to favorable discrete items recognized in the first quarter of fiscal 2022 related to excess tax benefits on share-based payments. We currently estimate that our blended consolidated effective income tax rate, before any discrete items, will be approximately 23% for fiscal 2022, assuming the rates in our taxing jurisdictions remain generally consistent throughout the fiscal year.
Net income for the first nine months of fiscal 2022 increased $60.4 million, or 29.0%, to $268.6 million from $208.2 million reported for the prior-year period. The increase in net income was due primarily to an increased operating profit. Diluted earnings per share for the nine months ended May 31, 2022 increased $2.00 to $7.66 compared with diluted earnings per share of $5.66 for the prior-year period. This increase reflects higher net income as well as lower outstanding diluted shares.
Segment Results
The following table sets forth information comparing the operating results of our segments, ABL and ISG, for the nine months ended May 31, 2022 and 2021 (in millions).

|  | Nine Months Ended |  |  |  |
|  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2021 |  | Increase (Decrease) |  | Percent Change
ABL: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales |  | $ | 2,755.1 |  |  | $ | 2,340.4 |  |  | $ | 414.7 |  |  | 17.7 | %
Operating profit |  | 394.2 |  |  | 326.9 |  |  | 67.3 |  |  | 20.6 | %
Operating profit margin |  | 14.3 | % |  | 14.0 | % |  | 30 |  | bps
ISG: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales |  | $ | 154.7 |  |  | $ | 139.5 |  |  | $ | 15.2 |  |  | 10.9 | %
Operating profit |  | 12.4 |  |  | 7.9 |  |  | 4.5 |  |  | 57.0 | %
Operating profit margin |  | 8.0 | % |  | 5.7 | % |  | 230 |  | bps

ABL net sales for the nine months ended May 31, 2022 increased 17.7% compared with the prior-year period. Sales within the independent and direct network channels increased due primarily to benefits from recent price increases as well as higher volumes. Additionally, sales within the corporate accounts channel increased year over year as some large accounts began previously deferred maintenance and renovations. Sales within the retail channel were relatively flat compoared to the prior period. Acquisitions contributed an approximately 3% increase in sales compared to the prior year and are reflected within the other sales channel in ABL's disaggregated revenue.
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Operating profit for ABL was $394.2 million (14.3% of ABL net sales) for the nine months ended May 31, 2022 compared to $326.9 million (14.0% of ABL net sales) in the prior-year period, an increase of $67.3 million. The increase in operating profit was due primarily to contributions from higher sales partially offset by increased material, labor, and freight costs as well as higher operating costs to support the increase in sales.
ISG net sales for the nine months ended May 31, 2022 increased 10.9% compared with the prior-year period primarily driven by strong demand for building and heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning controls as well as price increases. ISG operating profit was $12.4 million for the nine months ended May 31, 2022 compared with $7.9 million in the prior-year period, an increase of $4.5 million. This increase was due primarily to contributions from higher sales, partially offset by increased employee costs.
Critical Accounting Estimates
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations addresses the financial condition and results of operations as reflected in our Consolidated Financial Statements, which have been prepared in accordance U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”). As discussed in the Description of Business and Basis of Presentation footnote of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, the preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenue and expense during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments, including those related to revenue recognition; inventory valuation; goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets; share-based payment expense; and product warranty and recall costs. We base our estimates and judgments on our substantial historical experience and other relevant factors, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ from those estimates. We discuss the development of critical accounting estimates with the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors.
There have been no material changes in our critical accounting estimates during the current period. For a detailed discussion of other significant accounting policies that may involve a higher degree of judgment, refer to our Form 10-K.
Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements and Information
This filing contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. Statements made herein that may be considered forward-looking include statements incorporating terms such as “expects,” “believes,” “intends,” “anticipates,” and similar terms that relate to future events, performance, or results of the Company. In addition, the Company, or the executive officers on the Company’s behalf, may from time to time make forward-looking statements in reports and other documents we file with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission or in connection with oral statements made to the press, current and potential investors, or others. Forward-looking statements include, without limitation: (a) our projections regarding financial performance, including our expected margins and ability to leverage operating costs, liquidity, capital structure, capital expenditures, investments, share repurchases, and dividends; (b) expectations about the impact of any changes in demand, including improvements in our end markets, as well as volatility, challenges, and uncertainty in general economic conditions; (c) expectations about volatility in raw material, purchased finished goods, and transportation costs as well as component and labor availability; (d) our ability to execute and realize benefits from initiatives related to streamlining our operations and integrating recent acquisitions, realize synergies from acquisitions, capitalize on growth opportunities, introduce innovative products and services, and realize benefits from sustainability initiatives; (e) our estimate of our fiscal 2022 effective income tax rate, results of operations, and cash flows; (f) our estimate of future amortization expense; (g) our ability to achieve our long-term financial goals and measures; (h) our expectations about the resolution of legal matters; and (i) our expectations of the impact of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and the conflict between Russia and Ukraine. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this quarterly report. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to publicly update or release any revisions to these forward-looking statements to reflect any events or circumstances after the date of this quarterly report or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. Our forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from our historical experience and management’s present expectations or projections. These risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed in our forward-looking statements are discussed in Part I, Item 1a. Risk Factors of our Form 10-K.
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Item 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
General. We are exposed to market risks that may impact our Consolidated Balance Sheets, Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, and Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows due primarily to fluctuations in interest rates, foreign exchange rates, and commodity prices. There have been no material changes to our exposure from market risks from those disclosed in Part II, Item 7a. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk of our Form 10-K.
Item 4.Controls and Procedures
Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures that are designed to reasonably ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports filed or submitted by us under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to reasonably ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports filed under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
As required by SEC rules, we have evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of May 31, 2022. This evaluation was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the principal executive officer and principal financial officer. Based on this evaluation, these officers have concluded that the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures are effective at a reasonable assurance level as of May 31, 2022. However, because all disclosure procedures must rely to a significant degree on actions or decisions made by employees throughout the organization, such as reporting of material events, the Company and its reporting officers believe that they cannot provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud or errors and omissions, if any, within the Company will be detected. Limitations within any control system, including our control system, include faulty judgments in decision-making or simple errors or mistakes. In addition, controls can be circumvented by an individual, by collusion between two or more people, or by management override of the control. Because of these limitations, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and may not be detected.
During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021, we acquired ams OSRAM's North American Digital Systems business (“OSRAM DS”). SEC guidance permits management to omit an assessment of an acquired business' internal control over financial reporting from management's assessment of internal control over financial reporting for a period not to exceed one year from the date of the acquisition. Accordingly, management has not assessed the internal controls over financial reporting for OSRAM DS as of May 31, 2022. We began integrating OSRAM DS into our existing control procedures from the date of acquisition. We do not anticipate the integration of the acquired company to result in changes that would materially affect our internal control over financial reporting. As of and for the three and nine months ended May 31, 2022, the OSRAM DS acquisition constituted less than 5% of each of the Company’s consolidated assets, stockholders' equity, net sales, and pre-tax income.
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during our most recent completed fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.Legal Proceedings
Information regarding reportable legal proceedings is contained in Part I, Item 3. Legal Proceedings in our Form 10-K. Information set forth in this report’s Commitments and Contingencies footnote of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements describes any legal proceedings that became reportable during the three and nine months ended May 31, 2022, and updates any descriptions of previously reported legal proceedings in which there have been material developments during such period. The discussion of legal proceedings included within the Commitments and Contingencies footnote of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements is incorporated into this Item 1 by reference.
Item 1a. Risk Factors
There have been no material changes in our risk factors from those disclosed in Part I, Item 1a. Risk Factors of our Form 10-K.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
On March 31, 2021, the Board of Directors (the “Board”) authorized the repurchase of up to five million shares of our common stock. Under the current share repurchase authorization, we may repurchase shares of our common stock from time to time at prevailing market prices, depending on market conditions, through open market or privately negotiated transactions. No date has been established for the completion of the share repurchase program, and we are not obligated to repurchase any shares. Subject to applicable corporate securities laws, repurchases may be made at such times and in such amounts as management deems appropriate. Repurchases under the program can be discontinued at any time management feels additional repurchases are not warranted. As of May 31, 2022, the maximum number of shares that may yet be repurchased under the share repurchase program authorized by the Board equaled 3.5 million shares. The following table reflects activity related to equity securities we repurchased during the quarter ended May 31, 2022:

Purchases of Equity Securities
Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased |  | Average Price Paid per Share |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans |  | Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans
3/1/2022 through 3/31/2022 | 166,550 |  |  | $ | 188.51 |  |  | 166,550 |  |  | 5,000,000 |
4/1/2022 through 4/30/2022 | 853,814 |  |  | $ | 173.51 |  |  | 853,814 |  |  | 4,146,186 |
5/1/2022 through 5/31/2022 | 695,182 |  |  | $ | 167.52 |  |  | 695,182 |  |  | 3,451,004 |
Total | 1,715,546 |  |  | $ | 172.54 |  |  | 1,715,546 |  |  | 3,451,004 |

Item 5. Other Information
Creation of a Direct Financial Obligation
On June 30, 2022, Acuity Brands, Inc. (the “Company”) entered into a new credit agreement and revolving credit facility (the “New Revolving Credit Facility”) with a syndicate of banks that replaced the existing revolving credit facility set to expire in June 2023 (“Revolving Credit Facility”). The New Revolving Credit Facility, among other things, (i) increases borrowing capacity by $200 million to $600 million with the ability to request additional capacity of $400 million; (ii) extends the maturity date from June 2023 to June 2027; (iii) replaces the benchmark reference rate for U.S. Dollar borrowings from the London Inter-Bank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) to the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) and for non-U.S. Dollar borrowings to the applicable benchmark rate for those currencies; (iv) reduces pricing for borrowings as well as annual facility and administration fees; (v) adjusts applicable margin pricing grid mechanics to be based on the better of the Company's public credit ratings or the Company's leverage ratio; (vi) increases the Maximum Leverage Ratio financial covenant to basis points to 3.75 (subject to temporary increase to 4.25 in the event of a significant acquisition) and allows netting of all unrestricted cash and cash equivalents against debt; and (vii) removes the Minimum Interest Expense Coverage Ratio financial covenant.
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The foregoing summary of the New Revolving Credit Facility and the transactions contemplated thereby does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the text of the New Revolving Credit Facility, which is filed herewith as Exhibit 10.1 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which is incorporated herein by reference.
Separate from the relationship related to the New Revolving Credit Facility, certain lenders thereunder have engaged in, or may in the future engage in, transactions with, and perform services for, the Company and/or its subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business.
Declaration of Dividend
On June 29, 2022, the Board of Directors (the “Board”) declared a quarterly dividend of $0.13 per share. The dividend is payable on August 1, 2022 to stockholders of record on July 15, 2022.
Item 6.Exhibits
Exhibits are listed on the Index to Exhibits.
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INDEX TO EXHIBITS

EXHIBIT 3 | (a) | Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Acuity Brands, Inc. (formerly Acuity Brands Holdings, Inc.), dated as of September 26, 2007. |  | Reference is made to Exhibit 3.1 of registrant's Form 8-K as filed with the Commission on September 26, 2007, which is incorporated herein by reference.
| (b) | Certificate of Amendment of Restated Certification of Incorporation of Acuity Brands, Inc. (formerly Acuity Brands Holdings, Inc.), dated as of September 26, 2007. |  | Reference is made to Exhibit 3.2 of registrant's Form 8-K as filed with the Commission on September 26, 2007, which is incorporated herein by reference.
| (c) | Certificate of Amendment to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Acuity Brands, Inc., dated as of January 6, 2017. |  | Reference is made to Exhibit 3.C of registrant's Form 10-Q as filed with the Commission on January 9, 2017, which is incorporated herein by reference.
| (d) | Certificate of Amendment to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Acuity Brands, Inc., dated as of January 7, 2021. |  | Reference is made to Exhibit 3.D of registrant's Form 10-Q as filed with the Commission on January 7, 2020, which is incorporated herein by reference.
| (e) | Amended and Restated Bylaws of Acuity Brands, Inc., dated as of January 7, 2021. |  | Reference is made to Exhibit 3.E of registrant's Form 10-Q as filed with the Commission on January 7, 2020, which is incorporated herein by reference.
EXHIBIT 10 | (1) | Five-Year Credit Agreement dated June 30, 2022. |  | Filed with the Commission as part of this Form 10-Q.
EXHIBIT 22 |  | List of Guarantors and Subsidiary Issuers of Guaranteed Securities. |  | Reference is made to Exhibit 22 of registrant's Form 10-K as filed with the Commission on October 27, 2021, which is incorporated herein by reference.
EXHIBIT 31 | (a) | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer of the Company pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |  | Filed with the Commission as part of this Form 10-Q.
| (b) | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer of the Company pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |  | Filed with the Commission as part of this Form 10-Q.
EXHIBIT 32 | (a) | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer of the Company pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |  | Filed with the Commission as part of this Form 10-Q.
| (b) | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer of the Company pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |  | Filed with the Commission as part of this Form 10-Q.
EXHIBIT 101 | .INS | XBRL Instance Document |  | The instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
| .SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. |  | Filed with the Commission as part of this Form 10-Q.
| .CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. |  | Filed with the Commission as part of this Form 10-Q.
| .DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. |  | Filed with the Commission as part of this Form 10-Q.
| .LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. |  | Filed with the Commission as part of this Form 10-Q.
| .PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. |  | Filed with the Commission as part of this Form 10-Q.
EXHIBIT 104 |  | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) |  | Filed with the Commission as part of this Form 10-Q

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
ACUITY BRANDS, INC.

Date: | June 30, 2022 |  | By: | /S/ NEIL M. ASHE
|  |  |  | NEIL M. ASHE CHAIRMAN, PRESIDENT AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

Date: | June 30, 2022 |  | By: | /S/ KAREN J. HOLCOM
|  |  |  | KAREN J. HOLCOM SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

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