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Fair Value
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2026
Fair Value.  
Fair Value

Note 13 — Fair Value

GAAP defines fair value and establishes a framework for measuring and disclosing fair value. Fair value should be based on the assumptions market participants would use when pricing an asset or liability and establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the information used to develop those assumptions.

The Company uses fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. Available for sale and trading securities, derivative contracts, mortgage loans held for sale, SBA servicing rights, and mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”) are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time to time, we may be required to record at fair value other assets on a nonrecurring basis, such as impaired loans, OREO, bank properties held for sale, and certain other assets. These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve application of lower of cost or market accounting or write-downs of individual assets.

FASB ASC Topic 820 establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:

Level 1

Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets;

Level 2

Inputs, other than the quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and

Level 3

Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.

A description of valuation methodologies used for assets recorded at fair value is disclosed in Note 23 — Fair Value of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.

Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The table below presents the recorded amount of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

 

  ​ ​ ​

  ​ ​ ​

Quoted Prices

  ​ ​ ​

  ​ ​ ​

In Active

Significant

Markets

Other

Significant

for Identical

Observable

Unobservable

Assets

Inputs

Inputs

(Dollars in thousands)

Fair Value

(Level 1)

(Level 2)

(Level 3)

March 31, 2026:

Assets

Derivative financial instruments

$

191,332

$

$

191,332

$

Mortgage loans held for sale

 

48,094

 

 

48,094

 

Trading securities

 

117,590

 

 

117,590

 

Securities available for sale:

Residential mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government

agencies or sponsored enterprises

1,849,098

1,849,098

Residential collateralized mortgage-obligations issued by U.S. government

agencies or sponsored enterprises

2,104,555

2,104,555

Commercial mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government

agencies or sponsored enterprises

970,311

970,311

State and municipal obligations

 

1,041,195

 

 

1,041,195

 

Small Business Administration loan-backed securities

 

543,485

 

 

543,485

 

Corporate securities

21,704

21,704

Total securities available for sale

 

6,530,348

 

 

6,530,348

 

Mortgage servicing rights

 

90,018

 

 

 

90,018

SBA servicing asset

5,176

5,176

$

6,982,558

$

$

6,887,364

$

95,194

Liabilities

Derivative financial instruments

$

562,406

$

$

562,406

$

December 31, 2025:

Assets

Derivative financial instruments

$

222,886

$

$

222,886

$

Mortgage loans held for sale

 

61,400

 

 

61,400

 

Trading securities

 

110,183

 

 

110,183

 

Securities available for sale:

Residential mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government

agencies or sponsored enterprises

1,698,108

1,698,108

Residential collateralized mortgage-obligations issued by U.S. government

agencies or sponsored enterprises

2,185,584

2,185,584

Commercial mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government

agencies or sponsored enterprises

832,449

832,449

State and municipal obligations

 

1,007,412

 

 

1,007,412

 

Small Business Administration loan-backed securities

 

568,433

 

 

568,433

 

Corporate securities

 

21,770

 

 

21,770

 

Total securities available for sale

 

6,313,756

 

 

6,313,756

 

Mortgage servicing rights

 

84,032

 

 

 

84,032

SBA servicing asset

5,512

5,512

$

6,797,769

$

$

6,708,225

$

89,544

Liabilities

Derivative financial instruments

$

554,748

$

$

554,748

$

Fair Value Option

The Company has elected the fair value option for mortgage loans held for sale primarily to ease the operational burden required to maintain hedge accounting for these loans. The Company also has opted for the fair value option for the SBA servicing asset, as it is the industry-preferred method for valuing such assets.

The following table summarizes the difference between the fair value and the unpaid principal balance of mortgage loans held for sale and the changes in fair value of these loans:

  ​ ​ ​

March 31,

December 31,

(Dollars in thousands)

  ​ ​ ​

2026

 

2025

Fair value

$

48,094

$

61,400

Unpaid principal balance

47,102

59,371

Fair value less aggregated unpaid principal balance

$

992

$

2,029

Changes in Level 1, 2 and 3 Fair Value Measurements

When a determination is made to classify a financial instrument within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy, the determination is based upon the significance of the unobservable factors to the overall fair value measurement. However, since Level 3 financial instruments typically include, in addition to the unobservable or Level 3 components, observable components (that is, components that are actively quoted and can be validated to external sources), the gains and losses below include changes in fair value due in part to observable factors that are part of the valuation methodology.

There were no changes in hierarchy classifications of Level 3 assets or liabilities for the three months ended March 31, 2026. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the MSRs recorded at fair value on a recurring basis for the three months ended March 31, 2026 is as follows. The changes in fair value of the MSRs are recorded in Mortgage Banking Income on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

(Dollars in thousands)

  ​ ​ ​

MSRs

 

Fair value, January 1, 2026

$

84,032

Servicing assets that resulted from transfers of financial assets

 

1,627

Changes in fair value due to valuation inputs or assumptions

 

6,564

Changes in fair value due to decay

 

(2,205)

Fair value, March 31, 2026

$

90,018

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the SBA servicing asset, a Level 3 asset recorded at fair value on a recurring basis for the three months ended March 31, 2026 is as follows. The changes in fair value of the SBA servicing asset are recorded in in SBA Income on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

(Dollars in thousands)

  ​ ​ ​

SBA Servicing Asset

 

Fair value, January 1, 2026

$

5,512

Servicing assets that resulted from transfers of financial assets

156

Changes in fair value due to decay

(502)

Changes in fair value due to valuation inputs or assumptions

10

Fair value, March 31, 2026

$

5,176

There were no unrealized losses included in accumulated other comprehensive income related to Level 3 financial assets and liabilities at March 31, 2026.

See Note 18 Mortgage Loan Servicing, Obligation, and Loans Held for Sale for information about recurring Level 3 fair value measurements of mortgage servicing rights.

Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

The tables below present the recorded amount of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis:

  ​ ​ ​

  ​ ​ ​

Quoted Prices

  ​ ​ ​

  ​ ​ ​

 

In Active

Significant

 

Markets

Other

Significant

 

for Identical

Observable

Unobservable

 

Assets

Inputs

Inputs

 

(Dollars in thousands)

Fair Value

(Level 1)

(Level 2)

(Level 3)

 

March 31, 2026:

OREO

$

26,061

$

$

$

26,061

Individually evaluated loans

268,343

 

 

 

268,343

December 31, 2025:

OREO

$

8,771

$

$

$

8,771

Individually evaluated loans

 

328,452

 

 

 

328,452

For an individually evaluated loan, the fair value of collateral is measured based on appraisal or third-party valuation when the loan is placed on nonaccrual. For OREO and bank properties held for sale, the fair value is initially recorded based on external appraisals at the time of transfer. These assets recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis are updated on at least an annual basis.

Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurement

Weighted Average Discount

March 31,

December 31,

  ​ ​ ​

Valuation Technique

  ​ ​ ​

Unobservable Input

  ​ ​ ​

2026

  ​ ​ ​

2025

Nonrecurring measurements:

Individually evaluated loans

 

Discounted appraisals and discounted cash flows

 

Collateral discounts

19

%

19

%

OREO and Bank properties held for sale

 

Discounted appraisals

 

Collateral discounts and estimated costs to sell

9

%

2

%

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

We used the following methods and assumptions in estimating our fair value disclosures for financial instruments. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those models are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rates and estimates of future cash flows. In that regard, the derived fair value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent markets and, in many cases, could not be realized in immediate settlement of the instrument. The use of different methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts. The fair value estimates presented in the table below are based on pertinent information available to management as of March 31, 2026, and December 31, 2025. Such amounts have not been revalued for purposes of these consolidated financial statements since those dates and, therefore, current estimates of fair value may differ significantly from the amounts presented herein.

Methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments are disclosed in Note 23 — Fair Value of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.

The estimated fair value, and related carrying amount, of our financial instruments are as follows:

  ​ ​ ​

Carrying

  ​ ​ ​

Fair

  ​ ​ ​

  ​ ​ ​

  ​ ​ ​

 

(Dollars in thousands)

Amount

Value

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

 

March 31, 2026

Financial assets:

Cash and cash equivalents

$

2,867,082

$

2,867,082

$

2,867,082

$

$

Trading securities

117,590

117,590

117,590

Investment securities

 

8,908,521

 

8,585,410

 

272,804

 

8,214,486

 

98,120

Loans held for sale

327,935

330,177

330,177

Loans, net of allowance for credit losses

 

48,910,901

 

47,966,971

 

 

 

47,966,971

Accrued interest receivable

 

239,877

 

239,877

 

 

37,007

 

202,870

Mortgage servicing rights

 

90,018

 

90,018

 

 

 

90,018

SBA servicing asset

5,176

5,176

5,176

Interest rate swap – non-designated hedge

 

189,355

 

189,355

 

 

189,355

 

Other derivative financial instruments (mortgage banking related)

 

1,977

 

1,977

 

 

1,977

 

Financial liabilities:

Deposits

 

Noninterest-bearing

13,650,799

 

13,650,799

 

 

13,650,799

 

Interest-bearing other than time deposits

34,975,162

34,975,162

34,975,162

Time deposits

7,249,702

7,234,725

7,234,725

Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase

 

643,386

 

643,386

 

 

643,386

 

Corporate and subordinated debentures

696,642

676,337

 

676,337

 

Accrued interest payable

 

46,748

 

46,748

 

 

46,748

 

Interest rate swap – non-designated hedge

 

560,264

 

560,264

 

 

560,264

 

Other derivative financial instruments (mortgage banking related)

 

2,142

 

2,142

 

 

2,142

 

December 31, 2025

Financial assets:

Cash and cash equivalents

$

3,172,483

$

3,172,483

$

3,172,483

$

$

Trading securities

110,183

110,183

110,183

Investment securities

 

8,715,214

 

8,400,034

 

274,730

 

8,046,606

 

78,698

Loans held for sale

345,343

348,381

348,381

Loans, net of allowance for credit losses

 

48,013,330

 

47,378,022

 

 

 

47,378,022

Accrued interest receivable

 

233,265

 

233,265

 

 

35,302

 

197,963

Mortgage servicing rights

 

84,032

 

84,032

 

 

 

84,032

SBA servicing asset

5,512

5,512

5,512

Interest rate swap – non-designated hedge

 

221,835

 

221,835

 

 

221,835

 

Other derivative financial instruments (mortgage banking related)

 

1,051

 

1,051

 

 

1,051

 

Financial liabilities:

Deposits

 

Noninterest-bearing

13,375,697

 

13,375,697

 

 

13,375,697

 

Interest-bearing other than time deposits

34,410,867

34,410,867

34,410,867

Time deposits

7,359,233

7,347,648

7,347,648

Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase

 

618,215

 

618,215

 

 

618,215

 

Corporate and subordinated debentures

 

696,536

 

683,772

 

 

683,772

 

Accrued interest payable

 

48,972

 

48,972

 

 

48,972

 

Interest rate swap – non-designated hedge

 

554,433

 

554,433

 

 

554,433

 

Other derivative financial instruments (mortgage banking related)

315

315

 

 

315