<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001140361-21-034722.txt : 20211018
<SEC-HEADER>0001140361-21-034722.hdr.sgml : 20211018
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20211018143114
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001140361-21-034722
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		14
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20211017
ITEM INFORMATION:		Other Events
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20211018
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20211018

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			IONIS PHARMACEUTICALS INC
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000874015
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS [2834]
		IRS NUMBER:				330336973
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			CA
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	000-19125
		FILM NUMBER:		211328050

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		2855 GAZELLE COURT
		CITY:			CARLSBAD
		STATE:			CA
		ZIP:			92010
		BUSINESS PHONE:		7609319200

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		2855 GAZELLE COURT
		CITY:			CARLSBAD
		STATE:			CA
		ZIP:			92010

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	ISIS PHARMACEUTICALS INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19930328
</SEC-HEADER>
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      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold;">SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</div>

      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">Washington, D.C.&#160; 20549</div>

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      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">CURRENT REPORT</div>

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      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934</div>

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      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following
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<div><br /></div>

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                  <div>Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))</div>
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                <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))</div>
              </td>

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      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"> <br />
      </div>

      <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:</div>

      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
      </div>

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              <div style="text-align: center; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Title of each class</div>
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    <td style="width: 32%; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="text-align: center; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Trading symbol</div>
            </td>

    <td style="width: 2%; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>

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              <div style="text-align: center; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Name of each exchange on which registered</div>
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    <td style="width: 2%; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>

    <td style="width: 32%; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="text-align: center; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">&#8220;<ix:nonNumeric name="dei:TradingSymbol" id="Fact_832824bf931a465c8bf9da00a424a033" contextRef="c20211017to20211017">IONS</ix:nonNumeric>&#8221;</div>
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    <td style="width: 2%; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>

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              <div style="text-align: center; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:SecurityExchangeName" id="Fact_267a9d4c7f71431d9414eb476c771f93" contextRef="c20211017to20211017" format="ixt-sec:exchnameen">The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC</ix:nonNumeric><br />
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      <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"> <br />
      </div>

      <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (Section 230.405 of this chapter) or
        Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Section 240.12b-2 of this chapter).</div>

      <div>
<div><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> <br />
        </span></div>

        <div style="text-align: center; text-indent: 288pt;"><a id="z_Hlk11148519"></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"></span></div>

        <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">
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    <td style="width: 70%;">
                  <div>&#160;</div>
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    <td rowspan="1" style="width: 20%; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Emerging growth company&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </span><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" id="Fact_c7996e222062452fa42e61c6cb8abdae" contextRef="c20211017to20211017" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#x2610;</ix:nonNumeric></td>

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        <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"> <br />
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        <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"> </div>

        <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"> If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised
          financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">&#9744;</span> </div>

        <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"> <br />
        </div>

        <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">
          <hr style="border: none; border-bottom: 4px solid black; border-top: 1px solid black; height: 10px; color: #ffffff; background-color: #ffffff; text-align: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></div>

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          <div class="DSPFPageFooter"></div>

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            <hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>

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    <td style="width: 63pt; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Item 8.01</td>

    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">
                <div style="font-weight: bold;">Other Events.</div>
              </td>

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</table>
        <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>

        <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">On October 17, 2021, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. issued a press release announcing that Ionis&#8217; partner, Biogen, announced topline results from its placebo-controlled
          pivotal Phase 3 VALOR study of tofersen, an investigational antisense medicine being evaluated for people with superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).</div>

        <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>

        <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">A copy of this press release is attached as Exhibit 99.1 to this Current Report and incorporated herein by reference.</div>

        <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>

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    <td style="width: 63pt; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Item 9.01.</td>

    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">
                <div style="font-weight: bold;">Financial Statements and Exhibits.</div>
              </td>

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        <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>

        <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">(d) Exhibits.</div>

        <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>

        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; text-align: left; color: #000000;">


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    <td style="width: 12.27%; vertical-align: bottom; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">
                <div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Exhibit No.</span></div>
              </td>

    <td style="width: 87.66%; vertical-align: bottom; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">
                <div style="text-align: left; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Description</span></div>
              </td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

    <td style="width: 12.27%; vertical-align: top;">
                <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="brhc10029896_ex99-1.htm">99.1</a></div>
              </td>

    <td style="width: 87.66%; vertical-align: top;">
                <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Press Release dated October 17, 2021.</div>
              </td>

  </tr>

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    <td style="width: 12.27%; vertical-align: top;" rowspan="1">&#160;</td>

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        <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: small-caps; font-weight: bold;">SIGNATURE</div>

        <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>

        <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its
          behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.</div>

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                <div style="text-align: justify; font-variant: small-caps; font-weight: bold;">Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc.</div>
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                <div style="text-align: justify;">Dated:&#160; October 18, 2021</div>
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                <div style="text-align: justify;">By:</div>
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                <div style="text-align: justify;">/s/ Patrick R. O&#8217;Neil</div>
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                <div style="text-align: justify; font-variant: small-caps; font-weight: bold;">Patrick R. O&#8217;Neil</div>
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    <td style="width: 47%; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">
                <div style="text-align: justify;">Executive Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and General Counsel</div>
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<TYPE>EX-99.1
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<FILENAME>brhc10029896_ex99-1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 99.1
<TEXT>
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    <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"><font style="font-weight: bold;">Exhibit 99.1</font><br>
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      </font></div>
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      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><img width="202" height="66" src="image0.jpg"></div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Ionis&#8217; partner Biogen provides update on tofersen Phase 3 VALOR study in SOD1-ALS</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
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            <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#8722;</td>
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              <div style="font-style: italic;">In the Phase 3 VALOR study, the primary endpoint as measured by the Revised Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-R) did not reach statistical significance; however, signs of reduced
                disease progression across multiple secondary and exploratory endpoints were observed</div>
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            <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#8722;</td>
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              <div style="font-style: italic;">The totality of evidence from VALOR and its ongoing open-label extension showed that participants who started tofersen earlier experienced better outcomes, further suggesting a positive clinical effect</div>
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            <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#8722;</td>
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              <div style="font-style: italic;">Given the high unmet medical need, Biogen will expand its ongoing early access program (EAP) to the broader SOD1-ALS population</div>
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      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z69c71b8006d14715b6667beb14be264d" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

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            <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#8722;</td>
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              <div style="font-style: italic;">Topline data being presented today at the American Neurological Association 2021 Annual Meeting</div>
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      </div>
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      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold;">CARLSBAD, Calif., Oct. 17, 2021</font><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"> &#8211; Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (NASDAQ: IONS) partner Biogen today announced topline results from its placebo-controlled pivotal Phase 3 VALOR study of tofersen (BIIB067), an investigational
          antisense medicine being evaluated for people with superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). While tofersen did not meet the primary endpoint of change from baseline to week 28 in the Revised Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
          Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-R), trends favoring tofersen were seen across multiple secondary and exploratory measures of disease activity and clinical function.</font></div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">In addition, a pre-specified integration of data from VALOR and its ongoing open-label extension study (OLE) reinforced these findings and showed that early
        tofersen initiation led to less decline across multiple measures including motor function, respiratory function, muscle strength, and quality of life in people with SOD1-ALS. Most adverse events in both VALOR and OLE were mild to moderate in
        severity, including procedural pain, headache, pain in extremity, fall and back pain.</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Biogen, which licensed tofersen from Ionis in 2018, also announced today that it is actively engaging with regulators, the medical community, patient advocacy
        groups and other key stakeholders around the world to determine next steps.</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
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      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#8220;The topline results of the Phase 3 VALOR study showed signs of reduced disease progression across key secondary and exploratory endpoints, including biomarker
        data, clinical outcomes and quality of life measures. These data represent an important step forward in our commitment to find new treatments for this devastating disease. We applaud the efforts of Biogen, whose advancement of tofersen reflects the
        promise of our broad partnership to develop medicines for the treatment of neurological diseases,&#8221; said Brett P. Monia, Ph.D., chief executive officer of Ionis.</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#8220;Given Ionis&#8217; long-standing commitment to the ALS community, we are encouraged by the results of the Phase 3 VALOR study of tofersen and its open-label
        extension, which showed signs of slowing disease progression in people living with SOD1-ALS,&#8221; said C. Frank Bennett, Ph.D., Ionis&#8217; executive vice president, chief scientific officer and franchise leader for neurological programs. &#8220;On behalf of all
        of us at Ionis, I would like to express our deep gratitude to the patients, families, scientific investigators, and others who participated in the VALOR study.&#8221;</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">ALS is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is uniformly fatal with an average survival of three to five years. The most common cause of death is
        respiratory failure. SOD1-ALS is a rare, genetic form of ALS that accounts for approximately two percent of the estimated 168,000 people who have the disease globally. Currently, there are no genetically targeted treatment options for ALS.</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">In light of the critical unmet need, Biogen announced that it will expand eligibility for its ongoing early access program (EAP) to all people with SOD1-ALS, in
        countries where such programs are permitted by local regulations and future access may be secured. EAP programs enable patients to gain access to a medicine free of charge before the treatment is licensed commercially. If a path forward for
        tofersen is not established, or if another controlled trial is required by regulators, Biogen may revise or discontinue the EAP.</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">The VALOR and Open-Label Extension Studies</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><a name="z_Hlk53472204"></a><br>
      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">VALOR was a 28-week Phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability, pharmacodynamic, and
        biomarker effects of tofersen 100 mg in adults with ALS associated with a SOD1 mutation. In total, 108 participants were randomized in VALOR (n=72 to tofersen 100 mg and n=36 to placebo). Sixty of these participants met the study&#8217;s protocol-defined
        enrichment criteria for rapid disease progression, comprising the primary analysis population (&#8220;faster progressing&#8221;). Forty-eight participants did not meet these prognostic enrichment criteria (&#8220;slower progressing&#8221;).</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">The open-label extension study is an ongoing Phase 3 study for participants who completed VALOR. Of the 108 participants in VALOR, 95 enrolled in the OLE.</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
      </div>
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      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Topline Results</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">In VALOR the primary efficacy endpoint of change from baseline to week 28 in the Revised Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-R) total
        score in the primary analysis (faster-progressing) population did not reach statistical significance as measured by a joint-rank analysis (difference of 1.2; p=0.97).</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Trends favoring tofersen were seen across multiple secondary and exploratory measures of biologic activity and clinical function, including motor function,
        respiratory function and quality of life. On the first key secondary endpoint of change from baseline in total CSF SOD1 protein, a marker of target engagement, differences were observed between the tofersen and placebo groups of 38% and 26% in the
        faster- and slower-progressing populations, respectively. On the second key secondary endpoint of change from baseline in plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL), a potential marker of neuronal degeneration, differences were observed between the
        tofersen and placebo groups of 67% and 48% in the faster- and slower-progressing populations, respectively.</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">In the faster-progressing population, trends favored tofersen on measures of respiratory function (Slow Vital Capacity (SVC); difference of 7.9
        percent-predicted) and muscle strength (Hand-held dynamometer (HHD); difference of 0.02). Similar trends were observed across multiple exploratory patient-reported outcome measures of disease severity, quality of life, and fatigue. Median time to
        event could not be estimated for survival analyses due to the low number of events over the 28-week period.</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">In addition, with longer-term follow up in the OLE, earlier tofersen initiation consistently led to a reduction in decline in measures of clinical function
        across the population.</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">The most common adverse events (AEs) in participants receiving tofersen in the VALOR study were procedural pain, headache, pain in extremity, fall and back
        pain. Most AEs in both VALOR and the OLE were mild to moderate in severity. In VALOR, serious AEs were reported in 18.1% of participants receiving tofersen and 13.9% of those receiving placebo. In the tofersen group, 5.6% of participants
        discontinued treatment due to an AE. There were no discontinuations due to AEs in the placebo group. Serious neurologic events were reported in 4.8% of patients receiving tofersen in VALOR and its OLE, including 2 cases of myelitis (2.0%). There
        was one death reported in the tofersen-treated group in VALOR, which was determined not to be related to tofersen.</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">American Neurological Association (ANA) Annual Meeting Presentation:</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Results from VALOR and the OLE are being presented at the ANA Annual Meeting.</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Sunday, October 17, 2021, 4:20 p.m. ET &#8211; Results from the Phase 3 VALOR study and its open-label extension: evaluating the clinical efficacy and safety of
        tofersen in adults with ALS and confirmed SOD1 mutation, presented by Timothy Miller, M.D., Ph.D., principal investigator of VALOR and ALS Center Director at Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis.</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
      </div>
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      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">To access the presentation, please go to the Investors section of Biogen&#8217;s website at investors.biogen.com. Following the event, an archived version will be
        available at <u>https://investors.biogen.com/</u></div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">About Tofersen</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Tofersen is an antisense medicine being evaluated for the potential treatment of SOD1-ALS. Tofersen binds to SOD1 mRNA, allowing for its degradation by RNase-H1
        to reduce synthesis of SOD1 protein production. Tofersen is also being studied in the Phase 3 ATLAS study, which is designed to evaluate the ability of tofersen to delay clinical onset when initiated in presymptomatic individuals with a SOD1
        genetic mutation and biomarker evidence of disease activity. Biogen licensed tofersen from Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. under a collaborative development and license agreement.</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">About the Phase 3 VALOR Study (NCT02623699)</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">VALOR was a Phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy, safety, tolerability and pharmacodynamic effects of tofersen
        100 mg in adults with ALS and a confirmed SOD1 mutation. Subjects were randomized to receive tofersen or placebo. In total, 108 participants were randomized in VALOR (n=72 to tofersen 100 mg and n=36 to placebo). Sixty of these participants met the
        study&#8217;s prognostic enrichment criteria for rapid disease progression based on SOD1 mutation type and pre-randomization ALSFRS-R slope decline and comprised the primary analysis population (&#8220;faster-progressing population&#8221;). Forty-eight participants
        did not meet these prognostic enrichment criteria (&#8220;slower-progressing population&#8221;). For more information about the Phase 3 VALOR study, visit <u>www.clinicaltrials.gov</u>.</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">About Ionis' Neurology Franchise</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">The Ionis neurology franchise addresses all major brain regions and central nervous system cell types and currently has four Phase 3 studies ongoing with 11
        medicines in clinical development, three of which are wholly owned. Ionis is leading the way in treating root causes of many neurological diseases and developing antisense medicines for common diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's as well as
        rare diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Alexander disease. Ionis' marketed neurological disease medicines include SPINRAZA<sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">&#174;</sup>, a global foundation of care for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), licensed to and commercialized
        by Biogen.</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">About Ionis Pharmaceuticals</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">For more than 30 years, Ionis has been the leader in RNA-targeted therapy, pioneering new markets and changing standards of care with its novel antisense
        technology. Ionis currently has three marketed medicines and a premier late-stage pipeline highlighted by industry leading neurological and cardiometabolic franchises. Our scientific innovation began and continues with the knowledge that sick
        people depend on us, which fuels our vision of becoming one of the most successful biotechnology companies.</div>
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      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">To learn more about Ionis visit www.ionispharma.com and follow us on twitter @ionispharma.</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
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      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Ionis' Forward-looking Statement</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
      </div>
      <div>
        <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">This press release includes forward-looking statements regarding Ionis&#8217; business and the therapeutic and commercial potential of Ionis' technologies, tofersen
          and other products in development. Any statement describing Ionis&#8217; goals, expectations, financial or other projections, intentions or beliefs is a forward-looking statement and should be considered an at-risk statement. Such statements are
          subject to certain risks and uncertainties, including those related to the impact COVID-19 could have on our business, and including but not limited to those related to our commercial products and the medicines in our pipeline, and particularly
          those inherent in the process of discovering, developing and commercializing medicines that are safe and effective for use as human therapeutics, and in the endeavor of building a business around such medicines. Ionis&#8217; forward-looking statements
          also involve assumptions that, if they never materialize or prove correct, could cause its results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements.</div>
        <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
        <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Although Ionis&#8217; forward-looking statements reflect the good faith judgment of its management, these statements are based only on facts and factors currently
          known by Ionis. As a result, you are cautioned not to rely on these forward-looking statements. These and other risks concerning Ionis' programs are described in additional detail in Ionis' annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December
          31, 2020, and the most recent Form 10-Q quarterly filing, which are on file with the SEC. Copies of these and other documents are available from the Company.</div>
        <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      </div>
      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">In this press release, unless the context requires otherwise, "Ionis," "Company," "we," "our," and "us" refers to Ionis Pharmaceuticals and its subsidiaries.</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
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      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Ionis Pharmaceuticals<sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">&#174;</sup> is a trademark of Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc.</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Ionis Media Contact:</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">760-603-4679</div>
      <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Ionis Investor Relations Contact:</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">760-603-2331</div>
      <div style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"> <br>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:title="EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityAddressAddressLine1 to dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:label="EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:title="EntityAddressAddressLine2" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl">Entity Address, Address Line Two</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityAddressAddressLine2 to dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:label="EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:title="EntityAddressAddressLine3" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl">Entity Address, Address Line Three</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityAddressAddressLine3 to dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:title="EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:title="EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="CityAreaCode" xlink:title="CityAreaCode" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="Security12bTitle" xlink:title="Security12bTitle" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:label="NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:title="NoTradingSymbolFlag" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="TradingSymbol" xlink:title="TradingSymbol" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl">Trading Symbol</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="SecurityExchangeName" xlink:title="SecurityExchangeName" />
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  </link:labelLink>
</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>ions-20211017_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="us-ascii"?>
<!--Generated by EDGARfilings PROfile 8.0.0.0 Broadridge-->
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="SolicitingMaterial" xlink:title="SolicitingMaterial" />
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            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0000874015</identifier>
        </entity>
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            <startDate>2021-10-17</startDate>
            <endDate>2021-10-17</endDate>
        </period>
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      contextRef="c20211017to20211017"
      id="Fact_4be0134039eb4b549502eaa7ec0831f4">false</dei:AmendmentFlag>
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      contextRef="c20211017to20211017"
      id="Fact_6dc2f3828ba9439a92a3e2fe3f6d975b">0000874015</dei:EntityCentralIndexKey>
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      contextRef="c20211017to20211017"
      id="Fact_507b933ebc594bbc8160d2f68dedee61">8-K</dei:DocumentType>
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      contextRef="c20211017to20211017"
      id="Fact_3b2edef1dcd447c686fa1a50cfd87ede">2021-10-17</dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate>
    <dei:EntityRegistrantName
      contextRef="c20211017to20211017"
      id="Fact_e63a7f4e9b364854a7e2c38e4d2b7514">IONIS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.</dei:EntityRegistrantName>
    <dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode
      contextRef="c20211017to20211017"
      id="Fact_48bea906eaf2491b8b686fe0ecc8a2a9">DE</dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode>
    <dei:EntityFileNumber
      contextRef="c20211017to20211017"
      id="Fact_62b12ef5445242e3bf16a3d194a57dcc">000-19125</dei:EntityFileNumber>
    <dei:EntityTaxIdentificationNumber
      contextRef="c20211017to20211017"
      id="Fact_7487cb44c56b4cdb9c31eb5b847afa04">33-0336973</dei:EntityTaxIdentificationNumber>
    <dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1
      contextRef="c20211017to20211017"
      id="Fact_6422702f9a504427812112971c795d02">2855 Gazelle Court</dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1>
    <dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown
      contextRef="c20211017to20211017"
      id="Fact_58ce9ca331544773869f322609ae8e6a">Carlsbad</dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown>
    <dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince
      contextRef="c20211017to20211017"
      id="Fact_854834a4a63f4c03a92b6939c775d5c5">CA</dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince>
    <dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode
      contextRef="c20211017to20211017"
      id="Fact_f408f8113b4a4c37a4507a70a01ec221">92010</dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode>
    <dei:CityAreaCode
      contextRef="c20211017to20211017"
      id="Fact_73627a5ca266440a9127052c536a7216">760</dei:CityAreaCode>
    <dei:LocalPhoneNumber
      contextRef="c20211017to20211017"
      id="Fact_e2e4a4e1a1bb42ac92816c6a3150f517">931-9200</dei:LocalPhoneNumber>
    <dei:WrittenCommunications
      contextRef="c20211017to20211017"
      id="Fact_f1f919bc6a554459abc5b9045b33c76a">false</dei:WrittenCommunications>
    <dei:SolicitingMaterial
      contextRef="c20211017to20211017"
      id="Fact_21c6feead7154754b6434ab424b0b901">false</dei:SolicitingMaterial>
    <dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer
      contextRef="c20211017to20211017"
      id="Fact_5a66a459ee874d6791eb1fd5da8d3206">false</dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer>
    <dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer
      contextRef="c20211017to20211017"
      id="Fact_6720aa3b9649468cad476a17aa4712ca">false</dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer>
    <dei:Security12bTitle
      contextRef="c20211017to20211017"
      id="Fact_486ee9d720f749798ad1920bd6bdc8cf">Common Stock, $.001 Par Value</dei:Security12bTitle>
    <dei:TradingSymbol
      contextRef="c20211017to20211017"
      id="Fact_832824bf931a465c8bf9da00a424a033">IONS</dei:TradingSymbol>
    <dei:SecurityExchangeName
      contextRef="c20211017to20211017"
      id="Fact_267a9d4c7f71431d9414eb476c771f93">NASDAQ</dei:SecurityExchangeName>
    <dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany
      contextRef="c20211017to20211017"
      id="Fact_c7996e222062452fa42e61c6cb8abdae">false</dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>8
<FILENAME>R1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.21.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140134902920104">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Document and Entity Information<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 17, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Oct. 17,  2021<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">IONIS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">000-19125<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">33-0336973<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">2855 Gazelle Court<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Carlsbad<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">CA<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">92010<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">760<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">931-9200<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0000874015<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, $.001 Par Value<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">IONS<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_TradingSymbol">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_WrittenCommunications">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_WrittenCommunications</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
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<SEQUENCE>15
<FILENAME>0001140361-21-034722-xbrl.zip
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
