<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001104659-24-073194.txt : 20240620
<SEC-HEADER>0001104659-24-073194.hdr.sgml : 20240620
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20240620092417
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001104659-24-073194
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		17
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20240620
ITEM INFORMATION:		Regulation FD Disclosure
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20240620
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20240620

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			Morningstar, Inc.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001289419
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	INVESTMENT ADVICE [6282]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	02 Finance
		IRS NUMBER:				363297908
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			IL
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	000-51280
		FILM NUMBER:		241054359

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		22 WEST WASHINGTON STREET
		CITY:			CHICAGO
		STATE:			IL
		ZIP:			60602
		BUSINESS PHONE:		(312) 696-6000

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		22 WEST WASHINGTON STREET
		CITY:			CHICAGO
		STATE:			IL
		ZIP:			60602
</SEC-HEADER>
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<p style="margin: 0; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">UNITED
STATES</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</b></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Washington,
D.C. 20549</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 16pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>FORM
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<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>CURRENT
REPORT</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Pursuant
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<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="margin: 0; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<span id="xdx_908_edei--CityAreaCode_c20240620__20240620_zaa8ZJN4F2Ek"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-06-20" id="Fact000019" name="dei:CityAreaCode">312</ix:nonNumeric></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">)
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<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Registrant&#8217;s
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<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Former
name or former address, if changed since last report)</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Check
the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under
any of the following provisions:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<td style="width: 22.65pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"/><td style="width: 26.3pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><span id="xdx_90C_edei--PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_c20240620__20240620_zyhDQOpQdVC2" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-06-20" format="ixt:booleanfalse" id="Fact000024" name="dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">&#168;</ix:nonNumeric></span></td><td style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pre-commencement
                                            communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))</span></td></tr></table>

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<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;230.405
of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (&#167;240.12b-2 of this chapter).</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Emerging
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<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying
with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. </span><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 10pt">&#168;</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 5.15pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:</span></p>

<p style="font: 1pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 5.15pt 0pt 5.5pt"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<tr style="vertical-align: top; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
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Registered</b></span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
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<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 5.4pt"></p>

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<td style="width: 1in"><b>Item 7.01.</b></td><td><b>Regulation FD Disclosure.</b></td></tr></table>

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<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">On June&#160;20, 2024, Morningstar,&#160;Inc., an Illinois
corporation (&#8220;Morningstar&#8221;) and AssetMark,&#160;Inc., a California corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of AssetMark
Financial Holdings, Inc. ("AssetMark") issued a joint press release announcing the entry into an Asset Purchase Agreement, pursuant
to which AssetMark will acquire all of the client advisory agreements associated with Morningstar&#8217;s U.S. turnkey asset
management platform, on the terms and conditions contained therein (the &#8220;Transaction&#8221;). A copy of the joint press
release and questions and answers regarding the Transaction (&#8220;Investor Q&amp;A&#8221;) are attached hereto as Exhibits 99.1
and 99.2, respectively, and incorporated herein by reference and shall be deemed furnished and not filed for purposes of this
Current Report on Form 8-K.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b><i>Caution Concerning Forward-Looking Statements</i></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">This Current Report on Form&#160;8-K, including the document incorporated
by reference herein, contains forward-looking statements as that term is used in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995,
including statements regarding the Transaction. These statements are based on our current expectations about future events or future financial
performance. Forward-looking statements by their nature address matters that are, to different degrees, uncertain, and often contain words
such as "consider,&#8221; &#8220;estimate,&#8221; &#8220;forecast,&#8221; &#8220;future,&#8221; &#8220;goal,&#8221; &#8220;designed
to,&#8221; &#8220;maintain,&#8221; &#8220;may,&#8221; &#8220;objective,&#8221; &#8220;ongoing,&#8221; &#8220;could,&#8221; &#8220;expect,&#8221;
&#8220;intend,&#8221; &#8220;plan,&#8221; &#8220;possible,&#8221; &#8220;potential,&#8221; &#8220;anticipate,&#8221; &#8220;believe,&#8221;
&#8220;predict,&#8221; &#8220;continue,&#8221; &#8220;strategy,&#8221; &#8220;strive,&#8221; &#8220;will,&#8221; &#8220;would,&#8221;
"determine," "evaluate," or the negative thereof, and similar expressions. These statements involve known and unknown
risks and uncertainties that may cause the events we discuss not to occur or to differ significantly from what we expect. For us, these
risks and uncertainties include, among others:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"/><td style="width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>failing to close, or achieve the anticipated economic or other benefits of, the Transaction on a timely basis or at all;</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"/><td style="width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>failing to maintain and protect our brand, independence, and reputation;</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"/><td style="width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>failure to prevent and/or mitigate cybersecurity events and the failure to protect confidential,</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"/><td style="width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>compliance failures, regulatory action, or changes in laws applicable to our credit ratings operations, investment advisory, environmental,
social, and governance (ESG), and index businesses;</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"/><td style="width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>failing to innovate our product and service offerings or anticipate our clients&#8217; changing needs;</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"/><td style="width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) and related new technologies on our business, legal, and regulatory exposure profile and
reputation;</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"/><td style="width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>failure to detect errors in our products or failure of our products to perform properly due to defects, malfunctions or similar problems;</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"/><td style="width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>failing to recruit, develop, and retain qualified employees;</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"/><td style="width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>prolonged volatility or downturns affecting the financial sector, global financial markets, and the global economy and its effect
on our revenue from asset-based fees and credit ratings business;</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<td style="width: 0.25in"/><td style="width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>failing to scale our operations and increase productivity in order to implement our business plans and strategies;</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"/><td style="width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>liability for any losses that result from errors in our automated advisory tools or errors in the use of the information and data
we collect;</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"/><td style="width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>inadequacy of our operational risk management, business continuity programs and insurance coverage in the event of a material disruptive
event;</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"/><td style="width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>failing to efficiently integrate and leverage acquisitions and other investments, which may not realize the expected business or financial
benefits, to produce the results we anticipate;</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"/><td style="width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>failing to maintain growth across our businesses in today's fragmented geopolitical, regulatory and cultural world;</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"/><td style="width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>liability relating to the information and data we collect, store, use, create, and distribute or the reports that we publish or are
produced by our software products;</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"/><td style="width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>the potential adverse effect of our indebtedness on our cash flows and financial and operational flexibility;</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"/><td style="width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>challenges in accounting for tax complexities in the global jurisdictions we operate in could materially affect our tax obligations
and tax rates; and</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"/><td style="width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>failing to protect our intellectual property rights or claims of intellectual property infringement against us.</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">A more complete description of these risks and uncertainties can be
found in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (&#8220;SEC&#8221;), including our most recent Reports on Form&#160;10-K
and 10-Q. If any of these risks and uncertainties materialize, our actual future results and other future events may vary significantly
from what we expect. We do not undertake to update our forward-looking statements as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise,
except as may be required by law. You are advised to review any further disclosures we make on related subjects, and about new or additional
risks, uncertainties, and assumptions in our future filings with the SEC on Forms 10-K, 10-Q, and 8-K.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
  <td style="width: 1in"><b>Item 9.01. </b></td>
  <td><b>Financial Statements and Exhibits.</b></td></tr>
</table>


<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;Exhibits:</p>

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<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr>
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    <td><a href="tm2417546d1_ex99-2.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Investor Q&amp;A, dated as of June&#160;20, 2024</span></a></td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">104</span></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">The cover page&#160;from this Current Report on Form&#160;8-K formatted in Inline XBRL (included as Exhibit&#160;101).</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>SIGNATURES</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">MORNINGSTAR,&#160;INC.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="width: 50%"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date:&#160;&#160;June&#160;20, 2024</span></td>
    <td style="width: 5%"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 45%"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/ Jason Dubinsky</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Jason Dubinsky</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief Financial Officer</span></td></tr>
  </table>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-99.1
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>tm2417546d1_ex99-1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 99-1
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; margin: 0"><B>Exhibit&nbsp;99.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>AssetMark to Enter Strategic Alliance with
Morningstar Wealth, Acquire Assets from TAMP Business</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Concord,
CA &ndash; June&nbsp;20, 2024</B></FONT> &ndash; Wealth management platform AssetMark,&nbsp;Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of AssetMark
Financial Holdings,&nbsp;Inc. and a Registered Investment Adviser (collectively &ldquo;AssetMark&rdquo;), today announced a strategic
alliance with Morningstar Wealth, a division of independent investing insights firm Morningstar,&nbsp;Inc. (Nasdaq: MORN).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">As part of the alliance, AssetMark will acquire
approximately $12 billion in assets from the Morningstar Wealth Turnkey Asset Management Platform (&ldquo;TAMP&rdquo;). Financial advisors
and clients on Morningstar Wealth&rsquo;s TAMP will have access to AssetMark&rsquo;s platform, which provides industry-leading service,
advisor technology, business consulting, and a carefully curated set of investment strategists. The account migration process will be
designed to be seamless, as it will generally not require additional new client paperwork and clients&rsquo; performance histories will
be maintained.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Additionally, financial advisors currently working with AssetMark
will gain access to a wide range of model portfolios and separately managed accounts managed by the Morningstar Investment Management
team, which has over $290 billion of assets under management and advisement (&ldquo;AUMA&rdquo;) globally. Morningstar Wealth will join
the AssetMark platform as a third-party strategist and continue to expand its lineup of investment services.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">&ldquo;Morningstar has a rich heritage of
providing comprehensive investment insights and services to advisors and financial professionals around the globe,&rdquo; said Michael
Kim, Chief Executive Officer of AssetMark. &ldquo;This relationship represents best-in-class firms strategically aligning to provide
innovative solutions and high-quality service to financial advisors and their clients.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">&ldquo;Our alliance with AssetMark marks
a significant milestone for our business. AssetMark has a long track record of providing financial advisors with the service, tools,
and investments they need to build a thriving practice, and we look forward to making our models accessible to more advisors,&rdquo;
said Daniel Needham, President of Morningstar Wealth. &ldquo;We are aligning our efforts with a clear vision to combine the strengths
of our unique capabilities, enabling the advisors we support to serve investors more effectively.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">AssetMark is an experienced acquirer and
integrator with a strong track record of executing transactions that enhance the value it provides to advisors and empowers them to serve
their clients more holistically and efficiently. In 2021, the firm acquired a global provider of SaaS-based financial planning solutions,
and, in 2022, acquired a leading provider of wealth management technology solutions to RIAs, enterprises and asset managers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">This transaction was approved by the Boards
of Directors of both AssetMark and Morningstar,&nbsp;Inc. and is expected to close in the second half of 2024, subject to regulatory
approval, necessary consents, and other customary closing conditions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"><B>About AssetMark Financial Holdings,&nbsp;Inc.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">AssetMark Financial Holdings,&nbsp;Inc. (&ldquo;AFHI&rdquo;)
operates a wealth management platform whose mission is to help financial advisors and their clients. Together with our affiliates AssetMark
Trust Company, Voyant and Adhesion Wealth Advisor Solutions, we serve advisors at every stage of their journey with flexible, purpose-built
solutions that champion client engagement and drive efficiency. Our ecosystem of solutions equips advisors with services and capabilities
that would otherwise require significant investments of time and money and aims to deliver better investor outcomes by enhancing their
productivity, profitability, and client satisfaction.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">AFHI </FONT>announced&#8239;in
April&nbsp;2024 that it signed a definitive agreement to be acquired by GTCR, a leading private equity firm with substantial investment
expertise in financial technology, wealth and asset management, which is subject to customary closing conditions and required regulatory
approvals and is expected to close in the fourth quarter of 2024. Consent to the transaction described in this press release was also
provided by GTCR.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">Founded in 1996, AFHI has over 1,000 employees
and the AssetMark platform serves over 9,200 financial advisors and over 257,000 investor households. As of March&nbsp;31, 2024, the
company had $116.9 billion in platform assets.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">AssetMark,&nbsp;Inc. is a Registered Investment
Adviser with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>About Morningstar Wealth</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Morningstar Wealth is a global organization dedicated to empowering
both advisor and investor success. Our extensive range of offerings includes the Morningstar International Wealth Platform (TAMP), model
portfolios managed by the Morningstar Investment Management team ($294 billion in assets under management and advisement*), Morningstar
Office (portfolio management software), ByAllAccounts (data aggregation and enrichment), Morningstar Investor (individual investor platform)
and Morningstar.com.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><I>*Includes AUMA for advisory services offered by certain Morningstar
subsidiaries that are authorized in the jurisdictions in which they operate to provide investment management and advisory services</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>About Morningstar Inc.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Morningstar,&nbsp;Inc. is a leading
provider of independent investment insights in North America, Europe, Australia, and Asia. The Company offers an extensive line of products
and solutions that serve a wide range of market participants, including individual and institutional investors in public and private
capital markets, financial advisors and wealth managers, asset managers, retirement plan providers and sponsors, and issuers of fixed-income
securities. Morningstar provides data and research insights on a wide range of investment offerings, including managed investment products,
publicly listed companies, private capital markets, debt securities, and real-time global market data. Morningstar also offers investment
management services through its investment advisory subsidiaries, with approximately $294 billion in AUMA as of March&nbsp;31, 2024.
The Company operates through wholly- or majority-owned subsidiaries in 32 countries. For more information, visit&nbsp;</FONT><U>www.morningstar.com/company</U>.
Follow Morningstar on X (formerly known as Twitter) @MorningstarInc.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"><B>Media Contacts:</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"><B>AssetMark</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"><U>Alaina.kleinman@assetmark.com</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"><B>Morningstar Wealth</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"><U>newsroom@morningstar.com</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-99.2
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>tm2417546d1_ex99-2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 99.2
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">Exhibit 99.2</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 5pt; margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: 18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Morningstar Wealth and AssetMark Strategic Alliance</P>

<P STYLE="color: #ef3e42; font: 18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Investor Q&amp;A</P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">June 20, 2024</P>

<P STYLE="font: 15pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; color: rgb(90,91,93)">&nbsp;</P>

<DIV STYLE="float: left; width: 48%">

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; color: rgb(90,91,93)"></P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: bold 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>What is happening?</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 3pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; color: rgb(90,91,93); margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">AssetMark and Morningstar
have entered into an agreement in which AssetMark will acquire approximately $12 billion in assets from the Morningstar Wealth Turnkey
Asset Management Platform (TAMP). Financial advisors and clients on Morningstar Wealth&rsquo;s TAMP will be able to have their accounts
transitioned to AssetMark&rsquo;s platform, which provides industry-leading service, advisor technology, business consulting, and a carefully
curated set of investment strategists. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 15pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; color: rgb(90,91,93); margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">Financial advisors
currently working with AssetMark will gain access to a wide range of model portfolios and SMAs managed by the Morningstar Investment Management
team, which has over $290 billion of assets under management and advisement globally. Morningstar Wealth will join the AssetMark platform
as a third-party strategist and continue to expand its lineup of investment services that meet the needs of advisors and their clients.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 15pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; color: rgb(90,91,93); margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: bold 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Why is Morningstar doing this deal?</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 3pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; color: rgb(90,91,93); margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">This alliance allows
each party to lean into its relative strengths: Morningstar Wealth in leveraging our data and research to deliver a full spectrum of investment
products, and AssetMark in providing clients with a best-in-class advisor experience.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 15pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; color: rgb(90,91,93); margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">The Morningstar Wealth
TAMP was launched in 2001. The cost of maintaining and improving it is significant, and scale is important for success. In the U.S., we
believe the best way to scale our business is to reach more clients with our investment products, and to allow others like AssetMark to
own the technology platform. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 15pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; color: rgb(90,91,93); margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">The alliance is expected
to bring our professionally managed investments to more advisors across the U.S. in a way that leans into our strengths and supports profitable,
long-term growth.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 15pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; color: rgb(90,91,93); margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: bold 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>How is the transaction structured?</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 3pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; color: rgb(90,91,93); margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">Under the terms of
the agreement, AssetMark will make an upfront payment to Morningstar at closing. Morningstar has the potential to receive an additional
payment tied to the transition of clients and assets to the AssetMark platform during the 12-month period post-closing, plus upside opportunities
for attracting new assets to the AssetMark platform after that time.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: bold 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>What are the Morningstar Wealth product implications?</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 3pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; color: rgb(90,91,93); margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">After the transaction
closes later this year, we will begin to sunset our U.S. TAMP. We remain committed to Morningstar Wealth as a growth driver for the company
over the long term, and our goal is to continue to build assets in investment strategies distributed on third-party platforms as well
as on our International Wealth Platform to support </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; color: #5a5b5d; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

</DIV>

<P STYLE="font: 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; color: #5a5b5d"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal"></FONT></P>

<DIV STYLE="float: right; width: 48%">

<P STYLE="font: 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; color: #5a5b5d"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; color: #5a5b5d"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">the
segment&rsquo;s revenue growth and improved profitability. Other offerings under Morningstar Wealth, including Office,
ByAllAccounts, Investor, and international products, will also continue operating as usual.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 15pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; color: rgb(90,91,93); margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">With the transaction, we will have a focused investment
management business in the U.S. without the complexity of a legacy platform, which has faced secular headwinds. We&rsquo;ll also focus
on our International Wealth platform, which came out of our 2022 acquisition of Praemium's international operations. In the UK, in particular,
we are gaining share as a challenger with growth in line with our expectations. We've also had success cross-selling Morningstar Investment
Management products to existing clients on the International Wealth platform, creating a significant opportunity for growth.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 15pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; color: rgb(90,91,93); margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: bold 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Why is AssetMark the right fit?</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 3pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; color: rgb(90,91,93); margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">We share a common
culture and ambition to empower advisor growth and investor success.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 15pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; color: rgb(90,91,93); margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: bold 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>What is the expected financial impact for the
Morningstar Wealth segment? </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 3pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; color: rgb(90,91,93); margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">We expect to see
a reduction in revenue post-closing from fees related to our TAMP.&nbsp;We also expect to maintain certain operating costs (and incur
other one-time costs) through the transition period which will wind down as clients and assets transfer to AssetMark.&nbsp;Once the 12-month
transition period has concluded, we expect to see a positive run-rate impact on adjusted operating income for Morningstar Wealth, as planned
cost reductions will more than offset lower revenue.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 15pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; color: rgb(90,91,93); margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: bold 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>How does this change your proposition for advisors
and wealth managers?</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 3pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; color: rgb(90,91,93); margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">Advisors are central
to our mission of empowering investor success. Morningstar has a long history of supporting advisors and wealth managers directly and
indirectly to deliver personalized advice through our content, technology, and investment products. Today we serve approximately 300,000*
advisors directly through our proprietary data, APIs, investment strategies, or workflow software such as Advisor Workstation, and we
serve another estimated 125,000 unique advisors indirectly by integrating our data, strategies, managed accounts, and capabilities with
third parties.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 15pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; color: rgb(90,91,93); margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">As we look ahead
in North America, we are leaning into the parts of the advisor workflow where we believe the clarity of Morningstar&rsquo;s data and research
intelligence adds the most value. That&rsquo;s primarily in proposal creation, investment research, investment management, and </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 15pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; color: rgb(90,91,93); margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal"></FONT></P>

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</DIV>

<P STYLE="font: 8pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; color: #5a5b5d">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 82%; border-top: #5A5B5D 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt; font-size: 10pt; color: #5A5B5D"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 6.5pt; color: #5a5b5d">&copy; 2024 Morningstar. All Rights Reserved. </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: #5A5B5D 1pt solid; width: 18%; padding-top: 3pt; font-size: 10pt; color: #5A5B5D; text-align: right"><IMG SRC="tm2417546d1_ex99-2img002.jpg" ALT=""><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #5a5b5d"></FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; color: rgb(90,91,93)">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="color: #5A5B5D; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Morningstar Wealth and AssetMark Strategic Alliance
<FONT STYLE="color: #ef3e42">Investor Q&amp;A</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; color: rgb(90,91,93)">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; color: rgb(90,91,93)">&nbsp;</P>

<DIV STYLE="float: left; width: 48%">

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; color: #5a5b5d; margin: 0pt 0">retirement
services. We see good growth opportunities with independent advisors as well as broker dealers in these areas.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 15pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; color: rgb(90,91,93)">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; color: #5a5b5d">For other parts of the advisor workflow,
we&rsquo;ve been making it easier to team with third parties, both on our own platform and on others&rsquo;. Advisor Workstation,
for example, recently integrated with iCapital to <FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">enable side-by-side reviews of traditional and
alternative investments and with Luma Financial Technologies to bring users structured product data and analytics. In the U.S., our
newly announced alliance with AssetMark is the latest example of how we&rsquo;re teaming up to support other parts of the advice
journey.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 15pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; color: rgb(90,91,93); margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: 9.5pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">In our international
markets, we will do all this but also continue to operate and invest in the fast-growing International Wealth Platform to support advisors&rsquo;
end-to-end workflow.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 15pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; color: rgb(90,91,93); margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: 8pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">*Previously disclosed
numbers of advisor clients have not included Direct Compass users or advisors who directly access data or APIs outside of our software
products.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 15pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; color: rgb(90,91,93); margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="color: #5a5b5d; font: 8pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal"><I>This document contains
forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are based on
our current expectations about future events or future financial performance. Forward-looking statements by their nature address matters
that are, to different degrees, uncertain, and often contain words such as &ldquo;may,&rdquo; &ldquo;could,&rdquo; &ldquo;expect,&rdquo;
 &ldquo;intend,&rdquo; &ldquo;plan,&rdquo; &ldquo;seek,&rdquo; &ldquo;anticipate,&rdquo; &ldquo;believe,&rdquo; &ldquo;estimate,&rdquo;
 &ldquo;predict,&rdquo; &ldquo;potential,&rdquo; &ldquo;prospects,&rdquo; or &ldquo;continue.&rdquo; These statements involve known and
unknown risks and uncertainties that may cause the events we discuss not to occur or to differ significantly from what we expect. More
information about factors that could affect Morningstar&rsquo;s business and financial results are in our filings with the SEC, including
our most recent reports on Forms 8-K, 10-K and 10-Q. Morningstar undertakes no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements
as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as required by law. </I></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 8pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0pt 0; color: #5a5b5d"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current Fiscal Year End Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity File Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Primary SIC Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Two</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Three</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Country</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CountryRegion" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CountryRegion" xlink:to="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Country Region</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">City Area Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Local Phone Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Extension" xlink:label="dei_Extension" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Extension" xlink:to="dei_Extension_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Extension_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Extension</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Written Communications</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Soliciting Material</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:to="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">No Trading Symbol Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(g) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:to="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Reporting Obligation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:to="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Annual Information Form</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:to="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Audited Annual Financial Statements</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:to="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:to="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Voluntary Filers</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:to="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Current Reporting Status</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:to="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Interactive Data Current</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:to="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Filer Category</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:label="dei_EntitySmallBusiness" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:to="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Small Business</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:label="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:to="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Elected Not To Use the Extended Transition Period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" />
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>morn-20240620_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>10
<FILENAME>R1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.1.1.u2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140279350840640">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 20, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Jun. 20,  2024<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">000-51280<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">MORNINGSTAR,
INC.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001289419<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">36-3297908<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">IL<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">22
    West Washington Street<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Chicago<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">IL<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">60602<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">312<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">696-6000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common
    stock, no par value<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">MORN<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_TradingSymbol">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_WrittenCommunications">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_WrittenCommunications</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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