10-K 1 March201610K.htm MARCH 2016 10-K

United States Securities and exchange commission

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-K

(Mark One)

[X]Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the securities exchange act of 1934.

For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2016

or

[ ]Transition report pursuant to section 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.

For the transition period from __________________ to _________________

Commission File Number | Registrant, State of Incorporation Address and Telephone Number | I.R.S. Employer Identification No.
1-11255 | AMERCO | 88-0106815
| (A Nevada Corporation) |
| 5555 Kietzke Lane, Ste. 100 |
| Reno, Nevada 89511 |
| Telephone (775) 688-6300 |

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, $0.25 par value | NASDAQ Global Selection Market

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes [X] No [ ]

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Act. Yes [ ] No [X]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files.) Yes [X] No [ ]

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definition s of a “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer [X] Accelerated filer [ ]

Non-accelerated filer [ ] (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) Smaller reporting company [ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes [ ] No [X]

The aggregate market value of AMERCO common stock held by non-affiliates on September 30, 20 15 was $2,392,872,853. The aggregate market value was computed using the closing price for the common stock trading on NASDAQ on such date. Shares held by executive officers, directors and persons owning directly or indirectly more than 5% of the outstanding common stock have been excluded from the preceding number b ecause such persons may be deemed to be affiliates of the registrant. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.

19,607,788 shares of AMERCO Common Stock, $0.25 par value, were outstanding at May 20, 2016.

Documents incorporated by reference: portions of AMERCO’s definitive proxy statement for the 201 6 annual meeting of stockholders, to be filed within 120 days after AMERCO’s fiscal year ended March 31, 2016, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this report.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

|  | Page
| PART I |
Item 1. | Business | 1 |
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 6 |
Item 1B. | Unresolved Staff Comments | 11 |
Item 2. | Properties | 1 1 |
Item 3. | Legal Proceedings | 11 |
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 14 |
| PART II |  |
Item 5. | Ma rket for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities | 14 |
Item 6. | Selected Financial Data | 16 |
Item 7. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 17 |
Item 7A. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 38 |
Item 8. | F inancial Statements and Supplementary Data | 39 |
Item 9. | Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure | 39 |
Item 9A. | Controls and Procedures | 39 |
Item 9B. | Other Information | 42 |
| PART III |  |
Item 10. | Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance | 42 |
Item 11. | Executive Compensation | 42 |
Item 12. | Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters | 42 |
Item 13. | Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence | 42 |
Item 14. | Principal Accounting Fees and Services | 42 |
| PART IV |  |
Item 15. | Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules | 42 |

Part i

Item 1. Business

Company Overview

We are North America’s largest “do-it-yourself” moving and storage operator through our subsidiary U-Haul International, Inc. (“U-Haul”). U-Haul is synonymous with “do-it-yourself” moving and storage and is a leader in supplying products and services to help people move and store their household and commercial goods. Our primary service objective is to provide a better and better product or service to more and more people at a lower and lower cost. Unless the context otherwise requires, the term “AMERCO,” “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our” refers to AMERCO, a Nevada corporation, and all of its legal subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis.

We were founded in 1945 as a sole proprietorship under the name "U-Haul Trailer Rental Company" and have rented trailers ever since. Starting in 1959, we rented trucks on a one-way and in-town basis exclusively through independent U-Haul dealers. In 1974, we began developing our network of U-Haul managed retail stores, through which we rent our trucks and trailers, self-storage rooms and portable moving and storage units and sell moving and self-storage products and services to complement our independent dealer network.

We rent our distinctive orange and white U-Haul trucks and trailers as well as offer self-storage rooms through a network of approximately 1,700 Company operated retail moving stores and approximately 19,500 independent U-Haul dealers. We also sell U-Haul brand boxes, tape and other moving and self-storage products and services to “do-it-yourself” moving and storage customers at all of our distribution outlets and through our uhaul.com and eMove® web site s.

We believe U-Haul is the most convenient supplier of products and services addressing the needs of North America’s “do-it-yourself” moving and storage market. Our broad geographic coverage throughout the United States and Canada and our extensive selection of U-Haul brand moving equipment rentals, self-storage rooms, portable moving and storage units and related moving and storage products and services provide our customers with convenient “one-stop” shopping.

Since 1945 U-Haul has incorporated sustainable practices into its everyday operations. We believe that our basic business premise of equipment sharing helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions and reduces the inventory of total large capacity vehicles. We continue to look for ways to reduce waste within our business and are dedicated to manufacturing reusable components and recyclable products. We believe that our commitment to sustainability, through our products and services and everyday operations has helped us to reduce our impact on the environment.

Through Repwest Insurance Company (“Repwest”) and ARCOA Risk Retention Group ("ARCOA"), our property and casualty insurance subsidiar ies, we manage the property, liability and related insurance claims processing for U-Haul. Oxford Life Insurance Company (“Oxford”), our life insurance subsidiary, sells life insurance, Medicare supplement insurance, annuities and other related products to the senior market.

Available Information

AMERCO and U-Haul are each incorporated in Nevada. U-Haul’s internet address is uhaul.com. On AMERCO’s investor relations web site, amerco.com, we post the following filings as soon as practicable after they are electronically filed with or furnished to the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”): our Annual Report on Form 10-K, our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, our Current Reports on Form 8-K, our proxy statement related to our annual meeting of stockholders, and any amendments to those reports or statements filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). We also use our investor relations web site as a means of disclosing material non-public information and for complying with our disclosure obligations under Regulation FD. All such filings on our web site are available free of charge. Additionally, you will find these materials on the SEC’s website at sec.gov.

Products and Rental Equipment

Our customers are primarily “do-it-yourself” household movers. U-Haul moving equipment is specifically designed, engineered and manufactured for the “do-it-yourself” household mover. These “do-it-yourself” movers include individuals and families moving their belongings from one home to another, college students moving their belongings, vacationers and sports enthusiasts needing extra space or having special towing needs, people trying to save on home furniture and home appliance delivery costs, and “do-it-yourself” home remodeling and gardening enthusiasts who need to transport materials.

As of March 31, 201 6, our rental fleet consisted of approximately 139,000 trucks, 108,000 trailers and 38,000 towing devices. This equipment and our U-Haul brand of self-moving products and services are available through our network of managed retail moving stores and independent U-Haul dealers. Independent U-Haul dealers receive rental equipment from the Company, act as rental agent s and are paid a commission based on gross revenues generated from their U-Haul rentals.

Our rental truck chassis are engineered by domestic truck manufacturers. These chassis are joined with the U-Haul designed and manufactured van boxes primarily at U-Haul operated manufacturing and assembly facilities strategically located throughout the United States. U-Haul rental trucks feature our proprietary Lowest Deck SM, which provides our customers with extra ease of loading. The loading ramps on our trucks are the widest in the industry, which reduce the effort needed to move belongings. Our trucks are fitted with convenient, padded rub rails with tie downs on every interior wall. Our Gentle Ride Suspension SM helps our customers safely move delicate and prized possessions. Also, the engineers at our U-Haul Technical Center determined that the softest ride in our trucks was at the front of the van box. Consequently, we designed the part of the van box that hangs over the front cab of the truck to be the location for our customers to place their most fragile items during their move. We call this area Mom’s Attic SM.

Our distinctive trailers are also manufactured at these same U-Haul operated manufacturing and assembly facilities. These trailers are well suited to the low profile of many of today’s newly manufactured automobiles. Our engineering staff is committed to making our trailers easy to tow, safe, aerodynamic and fuel efficient.

To provide our self-move customers with added value, our rental trucks and trailers are designed with fuel efficiency in mind. Many of our trucks are fitted with fuel economy gauges, another tool that assists our customers in conserving fuel. To help make our rental equipment more reliable, we routinely perform extensive preventive maintenance and repairs.

We also provide customers with equipment to transport their vehicle s. We provide two towing options; auto transport, in which all four wheels are off the ground, and a tow dolly, in which the front wheels of the towed vehicle are off the ground.

To help our customers load their boxes and larger household appliances and furniture, we offer several accessory rental items. Our utility dolly has a lightweight design and is easy to maneuver. Another rental accessory is our four wheel dolly, which provides a large, flat surface for moving dressers, wall units, pianos and other large household items. U-Haul appliance dollies provide the leverage needed to move refrigerators, freezers, washers and dryers easily and safely. These utility, furniture and appliance dollies, along with the low decks and the wide loading ramps on U-Haul trucks and trailers, are designed for easy loading and unloading of our customers’ belongings.

The total package U-Haul offers to the “do-it-yourself” household mover doesn’t end with trucks, trailers and accessory rental items. Our moving supplies include a wide array of affordably priced U-Haul brand boxes, tape and packing materials. We also provide specialty boxes for dishes, computers and sensitive electronic equipment, as well as tape, security locks, and packing supplies. U-Haul brand boxes are specifically sized to make loading easier.

We estimate that U-Haul is North America’s largest seller and installer of hitches and towing systems. In addition to towing U-Haul equipment, these hitching and towing systems can tow jet skis, motorcycles, boats, campers and horse trailers. Each year, more than one million customers visit our locations for expertise on complete towing systems, trailer rentals and the latest in towing accessories.

U-Haul has one of North America’s largest propane refilling networks, with over 1,100 locations providing this convenient service. We employ trained, certified personnel to refill propane cylinders and alternative fuel vehicles. Our network of propane dispensing locations is one of the largest automobile alternative refueling networks in North America.

Our self-storage business was a natural outgrowth of our self-moving operations. Conveniently located U-Haul self-storage rental facilities provide clean, dry and secure space for storage of household and commercial goods. Storage units range in size from 6 square feet to over 1,000 square feet. As of March 31, 2016, w e operate nearly 1,360 self-storage locations in North America, with over 536,000 rentable rooms comprising 47.9 million square feet of rentable storage space. Our self-storage centers feature a wide array of securit y measures, ranging from electronic property access control gates to individually alarmed storage units. At many centers, we offer climate controlled storage rooms to protect temperature sensitive goods such as video tapes, albums, photographs and precious wood furniture.

Another extension of our strategy to make “do-it-yourself” moving and storage easier is our U-Box® program. A U-Box portable moving and storage unit is delivered to a location of our customer’s choosing either by the customers themselves through the use of a U-Box trailer, with the assistance of a Moving Helper or by Company personnel. Once the U-Box portable moving and storage unit is filled, it can be stored at the customer’s location, or taken to one of our Company operated locations, a participating independent dealer, or moved to a location of the customer’s choice.

Additionally, we offer moving and storage protection packages such as Safemove and Safetow. These programs provide moving and towing customers with a damage waiver, cargo protection and medical and life insurance coverage. Safestor provides protection for storage customers from loss on their goods in storage. Safestor Mobile provides protection for customers stored belongings when using our U-Box portable and moving storage units. For our customers who desire additional coverage over and above the standard Safemove protection, we also offer our Safemove Plus product. This package provides the rental customer with a layer of primary liability protection.

We believe that through o ur web site, u haul.com, we have aggregated the largest network of customers and independent businesses in the self-moving and self-storage industry. In particular, our Moving Helper program connects “do-it-yourself” movers with thousands of independent service providers across North America to assist our customers in packing, loading, unloading, cleaning, driving and performing other services.

Through the U-Haul Storage Affiliate Program, independent storage businesses can join the world’s largest self-storage reservation system. Self-storage customers making a reservation through uhaul.com can access all of the U-Haul self-storage centers and all of our independent storage affiliate partners for even greater convenience to meet their self-storage needs. For the independent storage operator, our network gives them access to products and services allowing them to compete with larger operators more cost effectively.

We own the registered trademarks or service marks “U-Haul®”, “AMERCO®”, “In-Town®”, “eMove®”, “C.A.R.D.®”, “Safemove®”, “WebSelfStora g e®”, “webselfstorage.com(SM)”, “uhaul.com®”, “Lowest Decks(SM)”, “Gentle Ride Suspension(SM)”, “Mom’s Attic®”, “U-Box®”, “Moving Help®”, “Safestor®”, “U-Haul Investors Club™”, “uhaulinvestorsclub.com(SM)”, “U-Note™”, among others, for use in connection with the moving and storage business.

Description of Operating Segments

AMERCO’s three reportable segments are:

- Moving and Storage, comprised of AMERCO, U-Haul, and Real Estate and the subsidiaries of U-Haul and Real Estate,
- Property and Casualty Insurance, comprised of Repwest and its subsidiaries and ARCOA, and
- Life Insurance, comprised of Oxford and its subsidiaries.

Financial information for each of our operating segments is included in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements as part of Item 8: Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Moving and Storage Operating Segment

Moving and Storage operating segment (“Moving and Storage”) consists of the rental of trucks, trailers, portable moving and storage units, specialty rental items and self-storage spaces primarily to the household mover as well as sales of moving supplies, towing accessories and propane. Operations are conducted under the registered trade name U-Haul® throughout the United States and Canada.

Net revenue from Moving and Storage was approximately 91.0%, 91.0% and 90.6% of consolidated net revenue in fiscal 201 6, 20 15 and 20 14, respectively.

During fiscal 201 6, the Company placed over 38,0 00 new trucks in service. These additions and replacements to the fleet were a combination of U-Haul manufactured vehicles and purchases. Typically as new trucks are added to the fleet the Company removes older trucks from the fleet. The total number of rental trucks in the fl eet increased during fiscal 2016 as the pace of new additions was greater than those trucks removed for r etirement and sale.

Within our truck and trailer rental operation we are focused on expanding our independent dealer network to provide added convenience for our customers. U-Haul maximizes vehicle utilization by managing distribution of the truck and trailer fleets among the approximately 1,700 Company operated stores and approximately 19,500 independent dealers. Utilizing its proprietary reservations management system, the Company’s centers and dealers electronically report their inventory in real-time, which facilitates matching equipment to customer demand. Approximately 53% of all U-Move rental revenue originates from the Company operated centers.

At our owned and operated retail stores we are implementing new initiatives to improve customer service. These initiatives include improving management of our rental equipment to provide our retail centers with the right type of rental equipment, at the right time and at the most convenient location for our customers, effective marketing of our broad line of self-moving related products and services, expanding accessibility to provide more convenience to our customers, and enhancing our ability to properly staff locations during our peak hours of operations by attracting and retaining “moonlighters” (part-time U-Haul employees with full-time jobs elsewhere) during our peak hours of operation.

Our self-moving related products and services, such as boxes, pads and insurance, help our customers have a better moving experience and help them to protect their belongings from potential damage during the moving process. We are committed to providing a complete line of products selected with the “do-it-yourself” moving and storage customer in mind.

Our self-storage business operations consist of the rental of self-storage rooms, portable moving and storage units, sales of self-storage related products, the facilitation of sales of services, and the management of self-storage facilities owned by others.

U-Haul is one of the largest North American operators of self-storage and has been a leader in the self-storage industry since 1974. U-Haul operates over 536,000 storage rooms, comprising 47.9 million square feet of storage space with locations in 49 states and 10 Canadian provinces. U-Haul’s owned and managed self-storage facility locations range in size up to 172,000 square feet of storage space, with individual storage units in sizes ranging from 6 square feet to over 1,000 square feet.

The primary market for storage rooms is the storage of household goods. We believe that our self-storage services provide a competitive advantage through such things as Max Security, an electronic system that monitors the storage facility 24 hours a day, climate control in select units, individually alarmed rooms, extended hour s access, and an internet-based customer reservation and account management system.

Moving Help and U-Haul Storage Affiliates on uhaul.com are online marketplace s that connect consumers to independent Moving Help™ service providers and thousands of independent Self-Storage Affiliates. Our network of customer-rated Moving Help and affiliates provide pack and load help, cleaning help, self-storage and similar services all over North America. Our goal is to further utilize our web-based technology platform to increase service to consumers and businesses in the moving and storage market.

Moving and Storage business is seasonal and our results of operations and cash flows fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter. Historically, revenues have been stronger in the first and second fiscal quarters due to the overall increase in moving activity during the spring and summer months. The fourth fiscal quarter is generally our weakest.

Property and Casualty Insurance Operating Segment

Our Property and Casualty Insurance operating segment (“Property and Casualty Insurance”) provides loss adjusting and claims handling for U-Haul through regional offices across North America. Property and Casualty Insurance also underwrites components of the Safemove, Safetow, Safemove Plus, Safestore Mobile and Safestor protection packages to U-Haul customers. We attempt to price our products to be a good value to our customers. The business plan for Property and Casualty Insurance includes offering property and casualty products in other U-Haul related programs.

Net revenue from Property and Casualty Insurance was approximately 2.0%, 1.9% and 1.8% of consoli dated net revenue in fiscal 2016, 201 5 and 2014, respectively.

Life Insurance Operating Segment

Life Insurance provides life and health insurance products primarily to the senior market through the direct writing and reinsuring of life insurance, Medicare supplement and annuity policies.

Net revenue from Life Insurance was approximately 7.0%, 7.1% and 7.6% of consoli dated net revenue in fiscal 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Employees

As of March 31, 201 6, we employed nearly 26,400 people throughout North America with approximately 98% of these employees working within Moving and Storage and approximately 55% of these employees work ing on a part-time basis.

Sales and Marketing

We promote U-Haul brand awareness through direct and co-marketing arrangements. Our direct marketing activities consist of web based initiatives, print and social media as well as trade events, movie cameos of our rental fleet and boxes, and industry and consumer communications. We believe that o ur rental equipment is our best form of advertisement. We support our independent U-Haul dealers through marketing U-Haul moving and self-storage rentals, products and services.

Our marketing plan focuses on maintaining our leadership position in the “do-it-yourself” moving and storage industry by continually improving the ease of use and economy of our rental equipment, by providing added convenience to our retail centers, through independent U-Haul dealers, and by expanding the capabilities of our U-Haul web sites.

A significant driver of U-Haul’s rental transaction volume is our utilization of an online reservation and sales system, through uhaul.com and our 24-hour 1-800-GO-U-HAUL telephone reservations system. These points of contact are prominently featured and are a major driver of customer lead sources.

Competition

Moving and Storage Operating Segment

The truck rental industry is highly competitive and includes a number of significant national, regional and local competitors. Generally speaking, we consider there to be two distinct users of rental trucks: commercial and “do-it-yourself” residential users. We primarily focus on the “do-it-yourself” residential user. Within this segment, we believe the principal competitive factors are convenience of rental locations, availability of quality rental moving equipment, breadth of essential products and services, and total cost to the user. Our major national competitors in both the In-Town and one-way moving equipment rental market are Avis Budget Group, Inc. and Penske Truck Leasing. Additionally, we have numerous competitors throughout North America who compete with us in the In-Town market.

The self-storage market is large and very fragmented. We believe the principal competitive factors in this industry are convenience of storage rental locations, cleanliness, security and price. Our largest competitors in the self-storage market are Public Storage Inc., Extra Space Storage, Inc., Cubesmart and Sovran Self-Storage Inc.

Insurance Operating Segments

The insurance industry is highly competitive. In addition, the marketplace includes financial services firms offering both insurance and financial products. Some of the insurance companies are owned by stockholders and others are owned by policyholders. Many competitors have been in business for a longer period of time or possess substantially greater financial resources and broader product portfolios than our insurance companies. We compete in the insurance business based upon price, product design, and services rendered to agents and policyholders.

Financial Data of Segment and Geographic Areas

For f inancial data of our segments and geographic areas please see Note 2 1, Financial Information by Geographic Area and Note 21A, Consolidating Financial Information by Industry Segment to our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Annual Report on Form 10-K (“Annual Report”), contains “forward-looking statements” regarding future events and our future results of operations. We may make additional written or oral forward-looking statements from time to time in filings with the SEC or otherwise. We believe such forward-looking statements are within the meaning of the safe-harbor provisions of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. Such statements may include, but are not limited to, estimates of capital expenditures, plans for future operations, products or services, financing needs and plans, our perceptions of our legal positions and anticipated outcomes of government investigations and pending litigation against us, liquidity, goals and strategies, plans for new business, storage occupancy, growth rate assumptions, pricing, costs, and access to capital and leasing markets the impact of our compliance with environmental laws and cleanup costs, our used vehicle disposition strategy, the sources and availability of funds for our rental equipment and self-storage expansion and replacement strategies and plans, our plan to expand our U-Haul storage affiliate program, that additional leverage can be supported by our operations and business, the availability of alternative vehicle manufacturers, our estimates of the residual values of our equipment fleet, our plans with respect to off-balance sheet arrangements, our plans to continue to invest in the U-Box program, the impact of interest rate and foreign currency exchange rate changes on our operations, the sufficiency of our capital resources and the sufficiency of capital of our insurance subsidiaries as well as assumptions relating to the foregoing. The words “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “may,” “will,” “could,” “estimate,” “project” and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date the statement was made.

Forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties, some of which cannot be predicted or quantified. Factors that could significantly affect results include, without limitation, the risk factors enumerated below under the heading “Risk Factors” and other factors described in this Annual R eport or the other documents we file with the SEC. The se factors, the following disclosures, as well as other statements in this Annual R eport and in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, could contribute to or cause such risks or uncertainties, or could cause our stock price to fluctuate dramatically. Consequently, the forward-looking statements should not be regarded as representations or warranties by us that such matters will be realized. We assume no obligation to update or revise any of the forward-looking statements, whether in response to new information, unforeseen events, changed circumstances or otherwise.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

The following discussion of risk factors should be read in conjunction with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) and the Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes. These risk factors may be important in understanding this Annual Report or elsewhere.

We operate in a highly competitive industry.

The truck rental industry is highly competitive and includes a number of significant national, regional and local competitors. We believe the principal competitive factors in this industry are convenience of rental locations, availability of quality rental moving equipment, breadth of essential services and products and total cost. Financial results for the Company can be adversely impacted by aggressive pricing from our competitors. Some of our competitors may have greater financial resources than we have. We cannot assure you that we will be able to maintain existing rental prices or implement price increases. Moreover, if our competitors reduce prices and we are not able or willing to do so as well, we may lose rental volume, which would likely have a materially adverse affect on our results of operations.

The self-storage industry is large and highly fragmented. We believe the principal competitive factors in this industry are convenience of storage rental locations, cleanliness, security and price. Competition in the market areas in which we operate is significant and affects the occupancy levels, rental rates and operating expenses of our facilities. Competition might cause us to experience a decrease in occupancy levels, limit our ability to raise rental rates or require us to offer discounted rates that would have a material affect on results of operations and financial condition. Entry into the self-storage business may be accomplished through the acquisition of existing facilities by persons or institutions with the required initial capital. Development of new self-storage facilities is more difficult however, due to land use, zoning, environmental and other regulatory requirements. The self-storage industry has in the past experienced overbuilding in response to perceived increases in demand. We cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully compete in existing markets or expand into new markets.

We are highly leveraged.

As of March 31, 201 6, we had total debt outstanding of $2,688.8 million and total undiscounted operating lease commitments of $157.0 million. Although we believe, based on existing information, that additional leverage can be supported by our operations and revenues, our existing debt could impact us in the following ways among other considerations:

- require us to allocate a considerable portion of cash flows from operations to debt service and operating lease payments;
- limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate;
- limit our ability to obtain additional financing; and
- place us at a disadvantage compared to our competitors who may have less debt.

Our ability to make payments on our debt and operating leases depends upon our ability to maintain and improve our operating performance and generate cash flow. To some extent, this is subject to prevailing economic and competitive conditions and to certain financial, business and other factors, some of which are beyond our control. If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flow from operations to service our debt and meet our other cash needs, including our operating leases, we may be forced to reduce or delay capital expenditures, sell assets, seek additional capital or restructure or refinance our indebtedness. If we must sell our assets, it may negatively affect our ability to generate revenue. In addition, we may incur additional debt or leases that would exacerbate the risks associated with our indebtedness.

Economic conditions, including those related to the credit markets, may adversely affect our industry, business and results of operations.

Consumer and commercial spending is generally affected by the health of the economy, which places some of the factors affecting the success of our business beyond our control. Our businesses, although not as traditionally cyclical as some, could experience significant downturns in connection with or in anticipation of, declines, or sustained lack of recovery, in general economic conditions. In times of declining consumer spending we may be driven, along with our competitors, to reduce pricing which would have a negative impact on gross profit. We cannot predict if another downturn, or sustained lack of recovery, in the economy will occur, which could result in reduced revenues and working capital.

Should credit markets in the United States tighten or if interest rates increase significantly, we may not be able to refinance existing debt or find additional financing on favorable terms, if at all. If one or more of the financial institutions that support our existing credit facilities fails, we may not be able to find a replacement, which would negatively impact our ability to borrow under credit facilities. I f our operating results were to worsen significantly and our cash flows or capital resources prove inadequate, or if interest rates increase significantly, we could face liquidity problems that could materially and adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

Our fleet rotation program can be adversely affected by financial market conditions.

To meet the needs of our customers, U-Haul maintains a large fleet of rental equipment. Our rental truck fleet rotation program is funded internally through operations and externally from debt and lease financing. Our ability to fund our routine fleet rotation program could be adversely affected if financial market conditions limit the general availability of external financing. This could lead us to operate trucks longer than initially planned and/or reduc e the size of the fleet, either of which could materially and negatively affect our results of operations.

Another important aspect of our fleet rotation program is the sale of used rental equipment. The sale of used equipment provides us with funds that can be used to purchase new equipment. Conditions may arise that could lead to the decrease in demand and/or resale values for our used equipment. T his could have a material adverse effect on our financial results, which c ould result in substantial losses on the sale of equipment and decreases in cash flows from the sales of equipment.

We obtain our rental trucks from a limited number of manufacturers.

Over the last t wenty years, we purchased the majority of our rental trucks from Ford Motor Company and General Motors Corporation. Our fleet can be negatively affected by issues our manufacturers may face within their own supply chain. Also, it is possible that our suppliers may face financial difficulties or organizational changes which could negatively impact their ability to accept future orders or fulfill existing orders. The cost of acquiring new rental trucks could increase materially and negatively affect our ability to rotate new equipment into the fleet. Although we believe that we could contract with alternative manufacturers for our rental trucks, we cannot guarantee or predict how long that would take. In addition, termination of our existing relationship with these suppliers could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations for an indefinite period of time.

We may not be able to effectively hedge against interest rate changes in our variable debt.

In certain instances, the Company seeks to manage its exposure to interest rate risk through the use of hedging instruments including interest rate swap agreements and forward swaps. We enter into these arrangements with counterparties that are significant financial institutions with whom we generally have other financial arrangements. We are exposed to credit risk should these counterparties not be able to perform on their obligations. Additionally, a failure on our part to effectively hedge against interest rate changes may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. We are required to record these financial instruments at their fair value. Changes in interest rates can significantly impact the valuation of the instruments resulting in non-cash changes to our financial position.

A substantial amount of our shares is owned by a small contingent of stockholders.

Willow Grove Holdings LP, James P. Shoen, David L. Holmes as trustee, Ros e marie T. Donovan as trustee, Mark V. Shoen and Edward J. Shoen, directly and through controlled entities as applicable (collectively, the “Reporting Persons”) are parties to a stockholder agreement (the “Stockholder Agreement”) in which the Reporting Persons have agreed to vote their collective 10,898,124 shares (approximately 55.6%) of AMERCO common stock as one group, as provided in th e Stockholder Agreement. Pursuan t to the Stockholder Agreement, all such 10,898,124 shares are required to be voted at the direction of a majority in interest of the Reporting Persons. For additional informa tion, refer to the Schedule 13D s filed on July 13, 2006, March 9, 2007, June 26, 2009, May 1, 2013, December 17, 2015 and on February 12, 2016 with the SEC.

In December 2015, each of James P. Shoen, Rosemarie Donovan as trustee, and David L. Holmes as trustee provided written notice that they intend to withdraw their shares, constituting a total of 2,538,622 shares, from the Stockholder Agreement on June 30, 2016. James P. Shoen, Rosemarie T. Donovan and David L. Holmes shall remain subject to the Stockholder Agreement until the effective date of such withdrawal, which is expected to occur before our next annual meeting of stockholders. The withdrawal of such shares from the Stockholder Agreement will result in us no longer being a “controlled company” pursuant to the Nasdaq listing rules as of July 1, 2016. However, Willow Grove Holdings, LP, directly and through controlled entities, owns 8,307,584 shares of AMERCO common stock, and together with Edward J. Shoen and Mark V. Shoen, owns 8,359,502 shares (approximately 42.6%) of AMERCO common stock. Accordingly, Edward J. Shoen and Mark V. Shoen, brothers, are in a position to significantly influence our business and policies, including the approval of certain significant transactions, the election of the members of our Board of Directors and other matters submitted to our stockholders. There can be no assurance that the ir interests will not conflict with the interest s of our other stockholders.

In addition, 1,2 32,753 shares (approximately 6.3%) of AMERCO common stock is owned under our Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”). Each ESOP participant is entitled to vote the shares allocated to himself or herself in their discretion. In the event an ESOP participant does not vote his or her shares, such shares shall be voted by the ESOP trustee, in the ESOP trustee’s discretion.

We bear certain risks related to our notes receivable from SAC Holding.

At March 31, 201 6, we held a $49.3 million note receivable from SAC Holding, which consist s of a junior unsecured note. This entity is highly leveraged with significant indebtedness to others. If SAC Holding is unable to meet its obligations to its senior lenders, it could trigger a default of its obligation to us. In such an event of default, we could suffer a loss to the extent the value of the underlying collateral of SAC Holding is inadequate to repay its senior lenders and our junior unsecured note. We cannot assure you that SAC Holding will not default on its loans to their senior lenders or that the value of its assets upon liquidation would be sufficient to repay us in full.

Our quarterly results of operations fluctuate due to seasonality and other factors associated with our industry.

Our business is seasonal and our results of operations and cash flows fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter. Historically, revenues have been stronger in the first and second fiscal quarters due to the overall increase in moving activity during the spring and summer months. The fourth fiscal quarter is generally weakest, due to a greater potential for adverse weather conditions and other factors that are not necessarily seasonal. As a result, our operating results for a ny given quarterly period are not necessarily indicative of operating results for an entire year.

Our operations subject us to numerous environmental regulations and the possibility that environmental liability in the future could adversely affect our operations.

Compliance with environmental requirements of federal, state and local governments significantly affects our business. Among other things, these requirements regulate the discharge of materials into the air, land and water and govern the use and disposal of hazardous substances. Under environmental laws or common law principles, we can be held liable for hazardous substances that are found on real property we have owned or operated. We are aware of issues regarding hazardous substances on some of our real estate and we have put in place a remedia tion plan at each site where we believe such a plan is necessary. See Note 18, Contingencies of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. We regularly make capital and operating expenditures to stay in compliance with environmental laws. In particular, we have managed a testing and removal program since 1988 for our underground storage tanks. Despite these compliance efforts, we believe that risk of environmental liability is part of the nature of our business.

Environmental laws and regulations are complex, change frequently and could become more stringent in the future. We cannot assure you that future compliance with these regulations, future environmental liabilities, the cost of defending environmental claims, conducting any environmental remediation or generally resolving liabilities caused by us or related third parties will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

We operate in a highly regulated industry and changes in existing regulations or violations of existing or future regulations could have a material adverse effect on our operations and profitability.

Our truck and trailer rental business is subject to regulation by various federal, state and foreign governmental entities. Specifically, the U.S. Department of Transportation and various state, federal and Canadian agencies exercise broad powers over our motor carrier operations, safety, and the generation, handling, storage, treatment and disposal of waste materials. In addition, our storage business is also subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to environmental protection and human health and safety. The failure to adhere to these laws and regulations may adversely affect our ability to sell or rent such property or to use the property as collateral for future borrowings. Compliance with changing regulations could substantially impair real property and equipment productivity and increase our costs. In addition, the Federal government may institute some regulation that limits carbon emissions by setting a maximum amount of carbon entities can emit without penalty. This would likely affect everyone who uses fossil fuels and would disproportionately affect users in the highway transportation industries. While there are too many variables at this time to assess the impact of the various proposed federal and state regulations that could affect carbon emissions, many experts believe these proposed rules could significantly affect the way companies operate in their industries.

Our operations can be limited by land-use regulations. Zoning choices enacted by individual municipalities across North America may limit our ability to serve certain markets with our products and services.

Our insurance companies are heavily regulated by state insurance departments and the NAIC. These insurance regulations are primarily in place to protect the interests of our policyholders and not our investors. Changes in these laws and regulations could increase our costs, inhibit new sales, or limit our ability to implement rate increases.

A significant portion of our revenues are generated through third-parties.

Our business plan relies upon a network of independent dealers strategically placed throughout North America. As of March 31, 2016 we had approximately 19,500 independent equipment rental dealers. In fiscal 2016, approximately 47% of our equipment rental revenues were generated through this network.

Our inability to maintain this network or its current cost structure could inhibit our ability to adequately serve our customers and may negatively affect our results of operations and financial position.

We face liability risks associated with the operation of our rental fleet.

The business of renting moving and storage equipment to customers exposes us to liability claims including property damage, personal injury and even death. We seek to limit the occurrence of such events through the design of our equipment, communication of its proper use and exhaustive repair and maintenance schedules. Regardless, accidents still occur and we manage the financial risk of these events through third party insurance carriers. While these excess loss insurance policies are available today at reasonable costs, this could change and could negatively affect our results of operations and financial position.

Our ability to attract and retain qualified employees, and changes in laws or other labor issues could adversely affect our business and our results of operations.

The success of our business is predicated upon our workforce providing excellent customer service. Our ability to attract and retain this employee base may be inhibited due to prevailing wage rates, benefit costs and the adoption of new or revised employment and labor laws and regulations. Should this occur we may be unable to provide service in certain areas or we may experience significantly increased costs of labor that could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

We are highly dependent upon our automated systems and the I nternet for managing our business.

Our information systems are largely Internet-based, including our point-of-sale reservation system, payment processing and telephone systems. While our reliance on this technology lowers our cost of providing service and expands our abilities to better serve customers, it exposes us to various risks including natural and man-made disasters and cyber-attacks. We have put into place extensive security protocols, backup systems and alternative procedures to mitigate these risks. However, disruptions or

breaches, detected or undetected by us, for any period of time in any portion of these systems could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition, inflict reputational damage and result in litigation with third parties.

A.M. Best financial strength ratings are crucial to our life insurance business.

In May 2015, A.M. Best affirmed the financial strength rating for Oxford and Christian Fidelity Life Insurance Company (“CFLIC”) to A- with a stable outlook and affirmed the financial strength rating for North American Insurance Company (“NAI”) of B++ with a stable outlook. Financial strength ratings are important external factors that can affect the success of Oxford’s business plans. Accordingly, if Oxford’s ratings, relative to its competitors, are not maintained or do not continue to improve, Oxford may not be able to retain and attract business as currently planned, which could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

We may incur losses due to our reinsurers’ or counterparties’ failure to perform under existing contracts or we may be unable to secure sufficient reinsurance or hedging protection in the future.

We use reinsurance and derivative contracts to mitigate our risk of loss in various circumstances; primarily at Repwest and for Moving and Storage. These agreements do not release us from our primary obligations and therefore we remain ultimately responsible for these potential costs. We cannot provide assurance that these reinsurers or counterparties will fulfill their obligations. Their inability or unwillingness to make payments to us under the terms of the contracts may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operation s.

At December 31, 2015, Repwest reported $1.7 million of reinsurance recoverables, net of allowances and $107.3 million of reserves and liabilities ceded to reinsurers. Of this, Repwest’s largest exposure to a single reinsurer was $60.5 million.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

To our knowledge, w e have no unresolved staff comments a s of March 31, 201 6.

Item 2. Properties

The Company, through its legal subsidiaries, owns property, plant and equipment that are utilized in the manufacturing, repair and rental of U-Haul equipment and storage space, as well as providing office space for us. Such facilities exist throughout the United States and Canada. We also manage storage facilities owned by others. We operate approximately 1,700 U-Haul retail centers of which approximately 48 0 are managed for other owners, and 11 manufacturing and assembly facilities. We also operate over 13 0 fixed-site repair facilities located throughout the United States and Canada. These facilities are used primarily for the benefit of Moving and Storage.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

PODS Enterprises, Inc. v. U-Haul International, Inc.

On July 3, 2012, PODS Enterprises, Inc. (“PEI”), filed a lawsuit against U-Haul International, Inc. (“U-Haul”), in the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida, Tampa Division, alleging (1) Federal Trademark Infringement under Section 32 of the Lanham Act, (2) Federal Unfair Competition under Section 43(a) of the Lanham Act, (3) Federal Trademark dilution by blurring in violation of Section 43(c) of the Lanham Act, (4) common law trademark infringement under Florida law, (5) violation of the Florida Dilution; Injury to Business Reputation statute, (6) unfair competition and trade practices, false advertising and passing off under Florida common law, (7) violation of the Florida Deceptive and Unfair Trade Practices Act, and (8) unjust enrichment under Florida law.

The claims arose from U-Haul’s use of the word “pod” and “pods” as a generic term for its U-Box moving and storage product. PEI alleged that such use is an inappropriate use of its PODS mark. Under the claims alleged in its Complaint, PEI sought a Court Order permanently enjoining U-Haul from: (1) the use of the PODS mark, or any other trade name or trademark confusingly similar to the mark; and (2) the use of any false descriptions or representations or committing any acts of unfair competition by using the PODS mark or any trade name or trademark confusingly similar to the mark. PEI also sought a Court Order (1) finding all of PEI’s trademarks valid and enforceable and (2) requiring U-Haul to alter all web pages to promptly remove the PODS mark from all websites owned or operated on behalf of U-Haul. Finally, PEI sought an award of damages in an amount to be proven at trial, but which are alleged to be approximately $70 million. PEI also sought pre-judgment interest, trebled damages, and punitive damages.

U-Haul does not believe that PEI’s claims have merit and vigorously defended the lawsuit. On September 17, 2012, U-Haul filed its Counterclaims, seeking a Court Order declaring that: (1) U-Haul’s use of the term “pods” or “pod” does not infringe or dilute PEI’s purported trademarks or violate any of PEI’s purported rights; (2) t he purported mark “PODS” is not a valid, protectable, or registrable trademark; and (3) t he purported mark “PODS PORTABLE ON DEMAND STORAGE” is not a valid, protectable, or registrable trademark. U-Haul also sought a Court Order cancelling the marks at issue in the case.

The case was tried to a jury, beginning on September 8, 2014. On September 19, 2014, the Court granted U-Haul’s motion for directed verdict on the issue of punitive damages. The Court deferred ruling on U-Haul’s motion for directed verdict on its defense that the words “pod” and “pods” were generic terms for a container used for the moving and storage of goods at the time PEI obtained its trademark (“genericness defense”). Closing arguments were on September 22, 2014.

On September 25, 2014, the jury returned a unanimous verdict, finding in favor of PEI and against U-Haul on all claims and counterclaims. The jury awarded PEI $45 million in actual damages and $15.7 million in U-Haul’s alleged profits attributable to its use of the term “pod” or “pods.”

On October 1, 2014, the Court ordered briefing on U-Haul’s oral motion for directed verdict on its genericness defense, the motion on which the Court had deferred ruling during trial. Pursuant to the Court’s order, the parties’ briefing on that motion was completed by October 21, 2014.

On March 11, 2015, the Court denied U-Haul’s Renewed Motion for Directed Verdict, For Judgment as a Matter of Law, Or in the Alternative, Motion for a New Trial. Also on March 11, 2015, the Court entered Judgment on the jury verdict in favor of PEI and against U-Haul in the amount of $60.7 million. This was recorded as an accrual in our financial statements.

The parties have filed a series of post-Judgment motions:

On March 25, 2015, PEI filed a motion for an award of attorneys’ fees and expenses in the amount of $6.5 million. On April 27, 2015, U-Haul filed its opposition brief to that motion.

On March 25, 2015, PEI filed a Proposed Bill of Costs in the amount of $186,411. On April 14, 2015, U-Haul filed an opposition to PEI’s P roposed B ill of C osts. On May 1, 2015, PEI filed an amended bill of costs in the amount of $196,133.

On April 6, 2015, U-Haul filed, with PEI’s consent, a motion to stay execution of the Judgment, pending the trial court’s rulings on U-Haul’s post-Judgment motions. That motion was supported by a supersedeas bond in the amount of $60.9 million, which represents 100% of the Judgment plus post-Judgment interest at the rate of 0.25% per year for 18 months. PEI and U-Haul both reserved the right to modify the amount of the bond in the event the Judgment is modified by the Court’s rulings on the parties’ post-Judgment motions (described below). On April 7, 2015, the Court granted U-Haul’s motion on consent, staying the Judgment pending rulings on U-Haul’s post-Judgment motions.

On April 8, 2015, U-Haul filed its Renewed Motion for Judgment As Matter of Law, or in the Alternative, Motion for New Trial, or to Alter the Judgment. U-Haul argued that it is entitled to judgment as a matter of law because even when all evidence is viewed in PEI’s favor, it was legally insufficient for the jury to find for PEI. Alternatively, U-Haul argued that it is entitled to a new trial because the verdict is against the weight of the evidence. Alternatively, U-Haul argued that the Court should reduce the damages and profits award under principles of equity. On April, 27, 2015, PEI filed its opposition brief.

On April 8, 2015, PEI filed a Motion to Amend the Judgment pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 59(e), in which it asked that the Judgment be amended to include (i) the entry of a permanent injunction; (ii) an award of pre-Judgment interest in the amount of $4.9 million; (iii) an award of post-Judgment interest in the amount of $11,441 and continuing to accrue at the rate of 0.25% while the case proceeds; (iv) doubling of the damages award to $121.4 million; and (v) the entry of an order directing the Patent and Trademark Office to dismiss the cancellation proceedings that U-Haul filed, which sought cancellation of the PODS trademarks. On April 27, 2015, U-Haul filed its opposition brief arguing, among other things, that (1) PEI is not entitled to recover double the windfall the jury incorrectly awarded it; (2) PEI is not entitled to the overreaching injunction it seeks; (3) PEI is not entitled to pre-judgment interest; (4) PEI has overstated the amount of post-Judgment interest to which it is entitled; and (5) PEI’s request that the Court order the Trademark Trial and Appeal Board to dismiss U-Haul’s cancellation proceeding is premature.

On April 9, 2015, U-Haul filed a protective Notice of Appeal. We expect that this notice of appeal will be automatically stayed and will become effective upon the disposition of (1) U-Haul’s renewed motion for judgment or a new trial or alteration of the Judgment or (2) PEI’s motion to alter or amend the Judgment, whichever comes later.

On August 24, 2015, the trial court entered two orders resolving the parties' post-trial motions. In short, U-Haul’s efforts at setting aside the judgment, getting a new trial or reducing the amount of the jury award were denied, PEI’s motions to enhance (i.e., double) the jury award and receive an award for attorneys’ fees were denied, but the Court entered a permanent injunction, and awarded PEI $4.9 million in pre-judgment interest, $82,727 in costs, and post-judgment interest at the rate of 0.25%, beginning March 11, 2015, computed daily and compounded annually. This was recorded as an accrual of $5.0 million in our financial statements during fiscal 2016.

On September 4, 2015, U-Haul filed in the trial court its (i) amended notice of appeal, (ii) motion on consent of PEI to approve the bond and stay execution of the judgment pending appeal, and (iii) motion to stay or modify the injunction.

On September 8, 2015, the trial court entered an Order granting U-Haul’s Motion on Consent to Approve Bond and Stay Execution of Judgment. The Judgment, as amended by the trial court’s orders adding an award of costs and pre-judgment interest, is stayed pending resolution of appeals.

On October 15, 2015, the trial court denied U-Haul’s motion to modify or stay the injunction pending appeal. But in the process, the Court clarified that (i) the reach of the injunction is limited to “advertising, promoting, marketing, or describing any products or services” and (ii) use of the terms “pod” and “pods” in comparative advertising is not prohibited, thereby allowing “nominative fair use" and truthful communications in customer dialogue and making clear that “nothing in the injunction mandates censorship with respect to consumer comments.”

PEI’s deadline for filing a notice of cross-appeal was September 23, 2015, and PEI did not file a notice of cross-appeal.

On September 23, 2015, the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals granted the parties’ joint motion for an extension of time for filing their respective briefs on appeal. U-Haul’s initial brief wa s due on December 17, 2015, PEI’s response brief wa s due on March 16, 2016, and U-Haul’s reply wa s due on April 29, 2016.

On September 24, 2015, the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals issued a Notice setting a telephonic mediation for November 16, 2015, beginning at 2:00 p.m., Eastern Time. The mediation was unsuccessful.

U-Haul filed its opening brief on appeal with the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals on December 17, 201 5. PEI filed its response brief on March 16, 2016. U-Haul filed its reply brief on April 29, 2016. U-Haul has requested oral argument, PEI did not oppose that request, and the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals has not yet acted on that request.

Environmental

Compliance with environmental requirements of federal, state and local governments may significantly affect Real Estate’s business operations. Among other things, these requirements regulate the discharge of materials into the air, land and water and govern the use and disposal of hazardous substances. Real Estate is aware of issues regarding hazardous substances on some of its properties. Real Estate regularly makes capital and operating expenditures to stay in compliance with environmental laws and has put in place a remedial plan at each site where it believes such a plan is necessary. Since 1988, Real Estate has managed a testing and removal program for underground storage tanks.

Based upon the information currently available to Real Estate, compliance with the environmental laws and its share of the costs of investigation and cleanup of known hazardous waste sites are not expected to result in a material adverse effect on AMERCO’s financial position or results of operations.

Other

We are named as a defendant in various other litigation and claims arising out of the normal course of business. In management’s opinion, none of these other matters will have a material effect on our financial position and results of operations.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosure

Not applicable.

Part ii

Item 5. Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

As of May 2, 2016, there were approximately 2,900 holders of record of our common stock. We derived the number of our stockholders using internal stock ledgers and utilizing Mellon Investor Services Stockholder listings. AMERCO’s common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the trading symbol “UHAL”.

The following table sets forth the high and the low sales price of the common stock of AMERCO for the periods indicated:

|  | Years Ended March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015
|  | High |  | Low |  | High |  | Low
First quarter | $ | 338.41 | $ | 318.55 | $ | 297.08 | $ | 224.71
Second quarter |  | 414.13 |  | 321.47 |  | 294.45 |  | 255.97
Third quarter |  | 436.89 |  | 375.00 |  | 291.54 |  | 231.53
Fourth quarter |  | 389.00 |  | 305.66 |  | 335.00 |  | 266.26

Dividends

AMERCO does not have a formal dividend policy. The Board periodically considers the advisability of declaring and paying dividends to common stockholders in light of existing circumstances.

Common Stock Dividends
Declared Date |  | Per Share Amount |  | Record Date |  | Dividend Date
March 15, 2016 | $ | 1.00 |  | April 5, 2016 |  | April 21, 2016
August 28, 2015 |  | 3.00 |  | September 16, 2015 |  | October 2, 2015
June 4, 2015 |  | 1.00 |  | June 19, 2015 |  | July 1, 2015
February 4, 2015 |  | 1.00 |  | March 6, 2015 |  | March 17, 2015
December 4, 2013 |  | 1.00 |  | January 10, 2014 |  | February 14, 2014

See Note 20, Statutory Financial Information of Insurance Subsidiaries of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of certain statutory restrictions on the ability of the insurance subsidiaries to pay dividends to AMERCO.

Performance Graph

The following graph compares the cumulative total stockholder return on the Company’s common st ock for the period March 31, 2011 through March 31, 201 6 with the cumulative total return on the Dow Jones US Total Market and the Dow Jones US Transportation Average. The comparison assumes that $1 00 was invested on March 31, 2011 in the Company’s common stock and in each of the comparison indices. The graph reflects the value of the investment based on the closing price of the common stock tr ading on NASDAQ on March 31, 2012, 20 13, 20 14, 20 15 and 201 6.

Fiscal years ended March 31: |  | 2011 |  | 2012 |  | 2013 |  | 2014 |  | 2015 |  | 2016
AMERCO | $ | 100 | $ | 110 | $ | 189 | $ | 254 | $ | 363 | $ | 396
Dow Jones US Total Market |  | 100 |  | 107 |  | 118 |  | 134 |  | 144 |  | 144
Dow Jones US Transportation Average |  | 100 |  | 99 |  | 118 |  | 143 |  | 165 |  | 150

Item 6.Selected Financial Data

The following selected financial data should be read in conjunction with the MD&A, and the Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes in this Annual Report.

Listed below is selected financial data for AMERCO and consolidated subsidiaries for each of the last five years:

|  | Years Ended March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014 |  | 2013 |  | 2012
|  | (In thousands, except share and per share data)
Summary of Operations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Self-moving equipment rentals | $ | 2,297,980 | $ | 2,146,391 | $ | 1,955,423 | $ | 1,767,520 | $ | 1,678,256
Self-storage revenues |  | 247,944 |  | 211,136 |  | 181,794 |  | 152,660 |  | 134,376
Self-moving and self-storage products and service sales |  | 251,541 |  | 244,177 |  | 234,187 |  | 221,117 |  | 213,854
Property management fees |  | 26,533 |  | 25,341 |  | 24,493 |  | 24,378 |  | 23,266
Life insurance premiums |  | 162,662 |  | 156,103 |  | 157,919 |  | 178,115 |  | 277,562
Property and casualty insurance premiums |  | 50,020 |  | 46,456 |  | 41,052 |  | 34,342 |  | 32,631
Net investment and interest income |  | 86,805 |  | 84,728 |  | 79,591 |  | 82,903 |  | 73,552
Other revenue |  | 152,171 |  | 160,199 |  | 160,793 |  | 97,552 |  | 78,530
Total revenues |  | 3,275,656 |  | 3,074,531 |  | 2,835,252 |  | 2,558,587 |  | 2,512,027
Operating expenses |  | 1,470,047 |  | 1,479,409 |  | 1,313,674 |  | 1,193,934 |  | 1,115,126
Commission expenses |  | 262,627 |  | 249,642 |  | 227,332 |  | 204,758 |  | 190,254
Cost of sales |  | 144,990 |  | 146,072 |  | 127,270 |  | 107,216 |  | 116,542
Benefits and losses |  | 167,436 |  | 158,760 |  | 156,702 |  | 180,676 |  | 320,191
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |  | 23,272 |  | 19,661 |  | 19,982 |  | 17,376 |  | 13,791
Lease expense |  | 49,780 |  | 79,798 |  | 100,466 |  | 117,448 |  | 131,215
Depreciation, net of (gains) losses on disposals (b) |  | 290,690 |  | 278,165 |  | 259,612 |  | 237,996 |  | 208,901
Total costs and expenses |  | 2,408,842 |  | 2,411,507 |  | 2,205,038 |  | 2,059,404 |  | 2,096,020
Earnings from operations |  | 866,814 |  | 663,024 |  | 630,214 |  | 499,183 |  | 416,007
Interest expense |  | (97,903) |  | (97,525) |  | (92,692) |  | (90,696) |  | (90,371)
Fees and amortization on early extinguishment of debt |  | – |  | (4,081) |  | – |  | – |  | –
Pretax earnings |  | 768,911 |  | 561,418 |  | 537,522 |  | 408,487 |  | 325,636
Income tax expense |  | (279,910) |  | (204,677) |  | (195,131) |  | (143,779) |  | (120,269)
Net earnings |  | 489,001 |  | 356,741 |  | 342,391 |  | 264,708 |  | 205,367
Less: Excess of redemption value over carrying value of preferred shares redeemed |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | (5,908)
Less: Preferred stock dividends (a) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | (2,913)
Earnings available to common shareholders | $ | 489,001 | $ | 356,741 | $ | 342,391 | $ | 264,708 | $ | 196,546
Basic and diluted earnings per common share | $ | 24.95 | $ | 18.21 | $ | 17.51 | $ | 13.56 | $ | 10.09
Weighted average common shares outstanding: Basic and diluted |  | 19,596,110 |  | 19,586,633 |  | 19,558,758 |  | 19,518,779 |  | 19,476,187
Cash dividends declared and accrued Preferred stock (a) | $ | – | $ | – | $ | – | $ | – | $ | 2,913
Cash dividends declared and accrued Common stock |  | 97,960 |  | 19,594 |  | 19,568 |  | 97,421 |  | –
Balance Sheet Data: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment, net | $ | 5,017,511 | $ | 4,107,637 | $ | 3,409,211 | $ | 2,755,054 | $ | 2,372,365
Total assets |  | 8,150,725 |  | 6,872,175 |  | 5,998,978 |  | 5,306,601 |  | 4,654,051
Notes, loans and leases payable |  | 2,688,758 |  | 2,190,869 |  | 1,942,359 |  | 1,661,845 |  | 1,486,211
Stockholders' equity |  | 2,251,406 |  | 1,884,359 |  | 1,527,368 |  | 1,229,259 |  | 1,035,820
(a) Fiscal 2012 reflects the elimination of $0.3 million paid to affiliates.
(b) (Gains) losses were ($98.7) million, ($74.6) million, ($33.6) million, ($22.5) million and ($20.9) million for fiscal 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Item 7.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

We begin this MD&A with the overall strategy of AMERCO, followed by a description of, and strategy related to, our operating segments to give the reader an overview of the goals of our businesses and the direction in which our businesses and products are moving. We then discuss our critical accounting policies and estimates that we believe are important to understanding the assumptions and judgments incorporated in our reported financial results. Next, w e discuss our results of operations for fiscal 201 6 compared with fiscal 20 15, and for fiscal 20 15 compared with fiscal 20 14 which are followed by an analysis of changes in our balance sheets and cash flows, and a discussion of our financial commitments in the sections entitled Liquidity and Capital Resources and Disclosures about Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments. We conclude this MD&A by discussing our outlook for fiscal 201 7.

This MD&A should be read in conjunction with the other sections of this Annual Report, including Item 1: Business, Item 6: Selected Financial Data and Item 8: Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. The various sections of this MD&A contain a number of forward-looking statements, as discussed under the caption, Cautionary Statements Regarding Forward-Looking Statements, all of which are based on our current expectations and could be affected by the uncertainties and risk factors described throughout this Annual Report and particularly under the section Item 1A: Risk Factors. Our actual results may differ materially from these forward-looking statements.

AMERCO has a fiscal year that ends on the 31 st of March for each year that is referenced. Our insurance company subsidiaries have fiscal years that end on the 31 st of December for each year that is referenced. They have been consolidated on that basis. Our insurance companies’ financial reporting processes conform to calendar year reporting as required by state insurance departments. Management believes that consolidating their calendar year into our fiscal year financial statements does not materially affect the presentation of financial position or results of operations. We disclose a ll material events, if any, occurring during the intervening period. Consequently, all references to our insurance subsidiaries’ years 20 15, 20 14 and 20 13 correspond to fiscal 201 6, 20 15 and 20 14 for AMERCO.

Overall Strategy

Our overall strategy is to maintain our leadership position in the North American “do-it-yourself” moving and storage industry. We accomplish this by providing a seamless and integrated supply chain to the “do-it-yourself” moving and storage market. As part of executing this strategy, we leverage the brand recognition of U-Haul with our full line of moving and self-storage related products and services and the convenience of our broad geographic presence.

Our primary focus is to provide our customers with a wide selection of moving rental equipment, convenient self-storage rental facilities and portable moving and storage units and related moving and self-storage products and services. We are able to expand our distribution and improve customer service by increasing the amount of moving equipment and storage rooms and portable moving and storage units available for rent, expanding the number of independent dealers in our network and expanding and taking advantage of our eMove capabilities.

Property and Casualty Insurance is focused on providing and administering property and casualty insurance to U-Haul and its customers, its independent dealers and affiliates.

Life Insurance is focused on long-term capital growth through direct writing and reinsuring of life, Medicare supplement and annuity products in the senior marketplace.

Description of Operating Segments

AMERCO’s three reportable segments are:

- Moving and Storage, comprised of AMERCO, U-Haul, and Real Estate and the subsidiaries of U-Haul and Real Estate,
- Property and Casualty Insurance, comprised of Repwest and its subsidiaries and ARCOA, and
- Life Insurance, comprised of Oxford and its subsidiaries.

See Note 1, Basis of Presentation, Note 21, Financial Information by Geographic Area and Note 21A, Consolidating Financial Information by Industry Segment of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8: Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Annual Report.

Moving and Storage Operating Segment

Moving and Storage consists of the rental of trucks, trailers, portable moving and storage units, specialty rental items and self-storage spaces primarily to the household mover as well as sales of moving supplies, towing accessories and propane. Operations are conducted under the registered trade name U-Haul® throughout the United States and Canada.

With respect to our truck, trailer, specialty rental items and self-storage rental business, we are focused on expanding our dealer network, which provides added convenience for our customers and expanding the selection and availability of rental equipment to satisfy the needs of our customers.

U-Haul brand self-moving related products and services, such as boxes, pads and tape allow our customers to, among other things; protect their belongings from potential damage during the moving process. We are committed to providing a complete line of products selected with the “do-it-yourself” moving and storage customer in mind.

uhaul.com is an online marketplace that connects consumers to our operations as well as independent Moving Help® service providers and thousands of independent Self-Storage Affiliates. Our network of customer rated affiliates and service provide rs furnish pack and load help, cleaning help, self-storage and similar services, all over North America. Our goal is to further utilize our web-based technology platform to increase service to consumers and businesses in the moving and storage market.

Since 1945 U-Haul has incorporated sustainable practices into its everyday operations. We believe that our basic business premise of equipment sharing helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions and reduces the inventory of total large capacity vehicles. We continue to look for ways to reduce waste within our business and are dedicated to manufacturing reusable components and recyclable products. We believe that our commitment to sustainability, through our products and services and everyday operations has helped us to reduce our impact on the environment.

Property and Casualty Insurance Operating Segment

Property and Casualty Insurance provides loss adjusting and claims handling for U-Haul through regional offices across North America. Property and Casualty Insurance also underwrites components of the Safemove, Safetow, Safemove Plus, Safestor and Safestor Mobile protection packages to U-Haul customers. We continue to focus on increasing the penetration of these products into the moving and storage market. The business plan for Property and Casualty Insurance includes offering property and casualty products in other U-Haul related programs.

Life Insurance Operating Segment

Life Insurance provides life and health insurance products primarily to the senior market through the direct writing and reinsuring of life insurance, Medicare supplement and annuity policies.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) in the United States. The methods, estimates and judgments we use in applying our accounting policies can have a significant impact on the results we report in our financial statements. Note 3, Accounting Policies of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8: Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in this Annual Report summarizes the significant accounting policies and methods used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. Certain accounting policies require us to make difficult and subjective judgments and assumptions, often as a result of the need to estimate matters that are inherently uncertain.

Following is a detailed description of the accounting policies that we deem most critical to us and that require management’s most difficult and subjective judgments. These estimates are based on historical experience, observance of trends in particular areas, information and valuations available from outside sources and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances and which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual amounts may differ from these estimates under different assumptions and conditions; such differences may be material.

We also have other policies that we consider key accounting policies, such as revenue recognition; however, these policies do not meet the definition of critical accounting estimates, because they do not generally require us to make estimates or judgments that are difficult or subjective. The accounting policies that we deem most critical to us, and involve the most difficult, subjective or complex judgments include the following:

Principles of Consolidation

We appl y ASC 810 - Consolidation (“ASC 810”) in our principles of consolidation. ASC 810 addresses arrangements where a company does not hold a majority of the voting or similar interests of a variable interest entity (“VIE”). A company is required to consolidate a VIE if it has determined it is the primary beneficiary. ASC 810 also addresses the policy when a company owns a majority of the voting or similar rights and exercises effective control.

As promulgated by ASC 810, a VIE is not self-supportive due to having one or both of the following conditions: (i) it has an insufficient amount of equity for it to finance its activities without receiving additional subordinated financial support or (ii) its owners do not hold the typical risks and rights of equity owners. This determination is made upon the creation of a variable interest and is re-assessed on an on-going basis should certain changes in the operations of a VIE, or its relationship with the primary beneficiary trigger a reconsideration under the provisions of ASC 810. After a triggering event occurs the facts and circumstances are utilized in determining whether or not a company is a VIE, which other company(s) have a variable interest in the entity, and whether or not the company’s interest is such that it is the primary beneficiary.

We will continue to monitor our relationships with the other entities regarding who is the primary beneficiary, which could change based on facts and circumstances of any reconsideration events.

Recoverability of Property, Plant and Equipment

Our Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost. Interest expense incurred during the initial construction of buildings and rental equipment is considered part of cost. Depreciation is computed for financial reporting purposes using the straight-line or an accelerated method based on a declining balance formula over the following estimated useful lives: rental equipment 2-20 years and buildings and non-rental equipment 3-55 years. We follow the deferral method of accounting based on ASC 908 - Airlines for major overhauls in which engine and transmission overhauls are currently capitalized and amortized over three years. Routine maintenance costs are charged to operating expense as they are incurred. Gains and losses on dispositions of property, plant and equipment are netted against depreciation expense when realized. Equipment depreciation is recognized in amounts expected to result in the recovery of estimated residual values upon disposal, i.e., minimize gains or losses. In determining the depreciation rate, historical disposal experience, holding periods and trends in the market for vehicles are reviewed.

We regularly perform reviews to determine whether facts and circumstances exist which indicate that the carrying amount of assets, including estimates of residual value, may not be recoverable or that the useful life of assets are shorter or longer than originally estimated. Reductions in residual values (i.e., the price at which we ultimately expect to dispose of revenue earning equipment) or useful lives will result in an increase in depreciation expense over the remaining life of the equipment. Reviews are performed based on vehicle class, generally subcategories of trucks and trailers. We assess the recoverability of our assets by comparing the projected undiscounted net cash flows associated with the related asset or group of assets over their estimated remaining lives against their respective carrying amounts. We consider factors such as current and expected future market price trends on used vehicles and the expected life of vehicles included in the fleet. Impairment, if any, is based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of those assets. If asset residual values are determined to be recoverable, but the useful lives are shorter or longer than originally estimated, the net book value of the assets is depreciated over the newly determined remaining useful lives.

M anagement determined that additions to the fleet resulting from purchase s should be depreciated on an accelerated method based upon a declining formula. Under the declining balances method (2.4 times declining balance), the book value of a rental truck is reduced by approximately 16%, 13%, 11%, 9%, 8%, 7%, and 6% during years one through seven, respectively, and then reduced on a straight line basis to a salvage value of 20% by the end of year fifteen. Beginning in October 2012, new purchased rental equipment subject to this depreciation schedule is depreciated to a salvage value of 15%. Comparatively, a standard straight line approach would reduce the book value by approximately 5.7% per year over the life of the truck.

Although we intend to sell our used vehicles for prices approximating book value, the extent to which we realize a gain or loss on the sale of used vehicles is dependent upon various factors including but not limited to, the general state of the used vehicle market, the age and condition of the vehicle at the time of its disposal and the depreciation rates with respect to the vehicle. We typically sell our used vehicles at our sales centers throughout North America, on our web site at uhaul.com/trucksales or by phone at 1-866-404-0355. Additionally, we sell a large portion of our pickup and cargo van fleet at automobile dealer auctions.

Insurance Reserves

Liabilities for life insurance and certain annuity and health policies are established to meet the estimated future obligations of policies in force, and are based on mortality, morbidity and withdrawal assumptions from recognized actuarial tables which contain margins for adverse deviation. In addition, liabilities for health, disability and other policies include estimates of payments to be made on insurance claims for reported losses and estimates of losses incurred, but not yet reported. Liabilities for annuity contracts consist of contract account balances that accrue to the benefit of the policyholders.

Insurance reserves for Property and Casualty Insurance and U-Haul take into account losses incurred based upon actuarial estimates and are management’s best approximation of future payments. These estimates are based upon past claims experience and current claim trends as well as social and economic conditions such as changes in legal theories and inflation. These reserves consist of case reserves for reported losses and a provision for losses incurred but not reported (“IBNR”), both reduced by applicable reinsurance recoverables, resulting in a net liability.

Due to the nature of the underlying risks and high degree of uncertainty associated with the determination of the liability for future policy benefits and claims, the amounts to be ultimately paid to settle these liabilities cannot be precisely determined and may vary significantly from the estimated liability, especially for long-tailed casualty lines of business such as excess workers’ compensation. As a result of the long-tailed nature of the excess workers’ compensation policies written by Repwest during 1983 through 200 1, it may take a number of years for claims to be fully reported and finally settled.

On a regular basis insurance reserve adequacy is reviewed by management to determine if existing assumptions need to be updated. In determining the assumptions for calculating workers’ compensation reserves, management considers multiple factors including the following:

- Claimant longevity
- Cost trends associated with claimant treatments
- Changes in ceding entity and third party administrator reporting practices
- Changes in environmental factors including legal and regulatory
- Current conditions affecting claim settlements
- Future economic conditions including inflation

We have reserved each claim based upon the accumulation of current claim costs projected through each claimant’s life expectancy, and then adjusted for applicable reinsurance arrangements. Management reviews each claim bi-annually to determine if the estimated life-time claim costs have increased and then adjusts the reserve estimate accordingly at that time. We have factored in an estimate of what the potential cost increases could be in our IBNR liability. We have not assumed settlement of the existing claims in calculating the reserve amount, unless it is in the final stages of completion.

Continued increases in claim costs, including medical inflation and new treatments and medications could lead to future adverse development resulting in additional reserve strengthening. Conversely, settlement of existing claims or if injured workers return to work or expire prematurely, could lead to future positive development.

Impairment of Investments

Investments are evaluated pursuant to guidance contained in ASC 320 - Investments - Debt and Equity Securities to determine if and when a decline in market value below amortized cost is other-than-temporary. Management makes certain assumptions or judgments in its assessment including but not limited to: our ability and intent to hold the security, quoted market prices, dealer quotes or discounted cash flows, industry factors, financial factors, and issuer specific information such as credit strength. Other-than-temporary impairment in value is recognized in the current period operating results. There were no write downs in fiscal 2016, 201 5 and 201 4, respectively.

Income Taxes

AMERCO files a consolidated tax return with all of its legal subsidiaries.

Our tax returns are periodically reviewed by various taxing authorities. The final outcome of these audits may cause changes that could materially impact our financial results. Please see Note 13, Provision for Taxes for more information.

Fair Values

Fair values of cash equivalents approximate carrying value due to the short period of time to maturity. Fair values of short term investments, investments available-for-sale, long term investments, mortgage loans and notes on real estate, and interest rate swap contracts are based on quoted market prices, dealer quotes or discounted cash flows. Fair values of trade receivables approximate their recorded value.

Our financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of temporary cash investments, trade receivables, reinsurance recoverables and notes receivable. Limited credit risk exists on trade receivables due to the diversity of our customer base and their dispersion across broad geographic markets. We place our temporary cash investments with f inancial institutions and limit the amount of credit exposure to any one financial institution.

We have mortgage receivables, which potentially expose us to credit risk. The portfolio of notes is principally collateralized by self-storage facilities and commercial properties. We have not experienced any material losses related to the notes from individual or groups of notes in any particular industry or geographic area. The estimated fair values were determined using the discounted cash flow method and using interest rates currently offered for similar loans to borrowers with similar credit ratings.

The carrying amount of long term debt and short term borrowings are estimated to approximate fair value as the actual interest rate is consistent with the rate estimated to be currently available for debt of similar term and remaining maturity.

Other investments including short term investments are substantially current or bear reasonable interest rates. As a result, the carrying values of these financial instruments approximate fair value.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, an updated standard on revenue recognition. The standard creates a five-step model for revenue recognition that requires companies to exercise judgment when considering contract terms and relevant facts and circumstances. The standard requires expanded disclosure surrounding revenue recognition. Early application is not permitted. The standard is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and allows for either full retrospective or modified retrospective adoption. In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, Deferral of Effective Date, which delays the effective date of ASU 2014-09 by one year to fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2017. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net), which is intended to improve the operability and understandability of the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations and the effective date is the same as requirements in ASU 2015-14. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on our consolidated financial statements.

In March 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs. The amendments in this update require that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. The recognition and measurement guidance for debt issuance costs are not affected by the amendments in this update. The guidance is effective for interim periods and annual period beginning after December 15, 2015; however early adoption is permitted. T he adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall (subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. ASU 2016-01 addresses certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial instruments. Among other provisions, the new guidance requires the fair value measurement of investments in certain equity securities. For investments without readily determinable fair values, entities have the option to either measure these investments at fair value or at cost adjusted for changes in observable prices minus impairment. All changes in measurement will be recognized in net income. The guidance is effective for interim periods and annual period beginning after December 15, 201 7. Early adoption is not permitted, except for certain provisions relating to financial liabilities. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on our consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases - (Topic 842). This update will require lessees to recognize all leases with terms greater than 12 months on their balance sheet as lease liabilities with a corresponding right-of-use asset. This update maintains the dual model for lease accounting, requiring leases to be classified as either operating or finance, with lease classification determined in a manner similar to existing lease guidance. The basic principle is that leases of all types convey the right to direct the use and obtain substantially all the economic benefits of an identified asset, meaning they create an asset and liability for lessees. Lessees will classify leases as either finance leases (comparable to current capital leases) or operating leases (comparable to current operating leases). Costs for a finance lease will be split between amortization and interest expense, with a single lease expense reported for operating leases. This update also will require both qualitative and quantitative disclosures to help investors and other financial statement users better understand the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The guidance is effective for interim periods and annual period beginning after December 15, 201 8; however e arly adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on our consolidated financial statements. For the last nine years, we have reported a discounted estimate of the off-balance sheet lease obligations in our MD&A.

From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the FASB or the SEC that are adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, these ASU’s entail technical corrections to existing guidance or affect guidance related to specialized industries or entities and therefore will have minimal, if any, impact on our financial position or results of operations upon adoption.

AMERCO and Consolidated Subsidiaries

Fiscal 201 6 Compared with Fiscal 201 5

Listed below, on a consolidated basis, are revenues for our major product lines for fiscal 201 6 and fiscal 20 15:

|  | Year Ended March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015
|  | (In thousands)
Self-moving equipment rentals | $ | 2,297,980 | $ | 2,146,391
Self-storage revenues |  | 247,944 |  | 211,136
Self-moving and self-storage products and service sales |  | 251,541 |  | 244,177
Property management fees |  | 26,533 |  | 25,341
Life insurance premiums |  | 162,662 |  | 156,103
Property and casualty insurance premiums |  | 50,020 |  | 46,456
Net investment and interest income |  | 86,805 |  | 84,728
Other revenue |  | 152,171 |  | 160,199
Consolidated revenue | $ | 3,275,656 | $ | 3,074,531

Self-moving equip ment rental revenues increased $151.6 million during fiscal 201 6, compared with t he fiscal 201 5. We continue to focus on enhancing our convenience to our customers by expanding our retail distribution system and growing our rental equipment fleet. During fiscal 2016, we added both independent dealers and Company-owned locations further extending our network reach. Our truck, trailer and towing device fleets experienced net additions during fiscal 2016. These activities, combined with operational improvements resulted in increases in both our one-way and In-Town rental transactions compared with last year. Revenue increased primarily from these transaction gains.

Self-storage revenues increased $36.8 million during fiscal 201 6, com pared with fiscal 201 5. The average monthly amount of occupied square feet increased by 13.8% during fiscal 201 6 compared with the same period last year. The growth in revenues and square feet rented comes from a combination of improved rates per square foot, occupancy gains at existing locations and from the addition of new facilities to the portfolio. During fiscal 2016, we added approximately 3.6 million net rentable square feet or a 17.9% increase, with approximately 0.8 million of that coming during the fourth quarter.

Sales of self-moving and self-storage products and services increased $7.4 million during fiscal 201 6, compared with fiscal 201 5. Increases were recognized in the sales of moving supplies and towing accessories and related installations.

Life insurance premiums in c reased $6.6 million during fiscal 201 6, compared with fiscal 2015 due primarily to increased life and Medicare supplement premiums.

Property and casualty insurance premiums inc reased $3.6 million during fiscal 2016, compared with fiscal 2015 due to an increase in Safestor and Safetow sales, which is a reflection of the increased equipment and storage rental transactions.

Net investment and interest income in creased $2.1 million during fiscal 2016, compared with fiscal 2015, due to a larger invested asset base at our insurance companies. This was partially offset by decreased interest income at Moving and Storage resulting from re duced note balances due from SAC Holding and Private Mini Storage Realty (“Private Mini”).

Other revenue decreased $8.0 million during fiscal 2016, compared with fiscal 2015 caused primarily by lower U-Box TM program rentals.

As a result of the items mentioned above, revenues for AMERCO and its consolidated entities were $3,275.7 million for fiscal 2016 as compared with $3,074.5 million for fiscal 2015.

Listed below are revenues and earnings from operations at each of our operating segments for fiscal 201 6 and 201 5. The insurance companies’ years ended December 31, 201 5 and 201 4.

|  | Year Ended March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015
|  | (In thousands)
Moving and storage |  |  |  |
Revenues | $ | 2,984,504 | $ | 2,800,438
Earnings from operations before equity in earnings of subsidiaries |  | 813,124 |  | 610,430
Property and casualty insurance |  |  |  |
Revenues |  | 64,803 |  | 59,275
Earnings from operations |  | 24,547 |  | 23,477
Life insurance |  |  |  |
Revenues |  | 231,220 |  | 219,656
Earnings from operations |  | 29,773 |  | 29,755
Eliminations |  |  |  |
Revenues |  | (4,871) |  | (4,838)
Earnings from operations before equity in earnings of subsidiaries |  | (630) |  | (638)
Consolidated Results |  |  |  |
Revenues |  | 3,275,656 |  | 3,074,531
Earnings from operations |  | 866,814 |  | 663,024

Total costs and expenses de creased $2.7 million during fiscal 201 6, compared with fiscal 201 5. Total costs at Moving and Storage decreased $18.6 million. The largest component of the decrease was related to our accruals for expenses associated with the PEI litigation which were $5.0 million and $60.7 million for fiscal 2016 and 2015, respectively. Personnel and overhead cost increases were partially offset by decreased direct operating costs associated with the U-Box program. Depreciation expense increased $36.6 million; however, gains from the disposal of property, plant and equipment increased $24.1 million. This resulted in a net increase of $12.5 million in depreciation expense, net. We have increased the number of trucks sold compared with the same period last year and the resale market for these trucks remained relatively strong. Lease expense decreased $30.0 million as a result of our shift in financing new equipment on the balance sheet versus through operating leases. Total costs and expenses in the insurance segments increased $15.9 million primarily due to expenses associated with additional new business written.

As a result of the above mentioned changes in revenues and expenses, earnings from operations increased to $866.8 million for fiscal 201 6, compared with $663.0 million for fiscal 201 5.

Interest expense for fiscal 201 6 was $97.9 million, compared with $97.5 million for fiscal 201 5 due to an increase in average borrowings partially offset by a decrease in average borrowing costs.

Income tax expense was $279.9 million for fiscal 201 6, compared with $204.7 million for fiscal 201 5. The increase was due to higher pretax earnings for fiscal 201 6. The effective tax rate was 36.4% and 36.5% for fiscal 2016 and 2015, respectively.

As a result of the above mentioned items, earnings available to common shareholders were $489.0 million for fiscal 201 6, compared with $356.7 million for fiscal 201 5.

Basic and diluted earnings per common share for fiscal 201 6 were $24.95, compared with $18.21 for fiscal 201 5.

The weighted average common shares outstanding basic and diluted were 19,596,110 for fiscal 201 6, compared with 19,586,633 for fiscal 201 5.

Fiscal 201 5 Compared with Fiscal 201 4

Listed below, on a consolidated basis, are revenues for our major product lines for fiscal 201 5 and fiscal 20 14:

|  | Year Ended March 31,
|  | 2015 |  | 2014
|  | (In thousands)
Self-moving equipment rentals | $ | 2,146,391 | $ | 1,955,423
Self-storage revenues |  | 211,136 |  | 181,794
Self-moving and self-storage products and service sales |  | 244,177 |  | 234,187
Property management fees |  | 25,341 |  | 24,493
Life insurance premiums |  | 156,103 |  | 157,919
Property and casualty insurance premiums |  | 46,456 |  | 41,052
Net investment and interest income |  | 84,728 |  | 79,591
Other revenue |  | 160,199 |  | 160,793
Consolidated revenue | $ | 3,074,531 | $ | 2,835,252

Self-moving equipment rental revenues increased $191.0 million for fiscal 201 5, compared with fiscal 2014. During fiscal 2015, we continued to broaden our retail distribution network through the expansion of our independent dealer network combined with the acquisition and development of new Company owned and operated locations. Our rental equipment fleet expanded as we increased the number of trucks, trailers and towing devices available for customer use. These initiatives, in tandem with our continued focus improving the rental process through the use of technology resulted in our ability to facilitate the increase in both our In-Town and one-way rental transactions. These additional transactions account for the majority of the improvement in revenues during fiscal 2015.

Self-storage revenues increased $29.3 million for fiscal 2015, compared with fiscal 201 4. The improvement in revenue comes from an increase in the number of rooms rented at both new and existing locations along with an improvement in overall rental rates across our portfolio. During fiscal 2015, we added approximately 2.1 million net rentable square feet or nearly a 12% increase, with approximately 0.7 million of that coming during the fourth quarter. Meanwhile, the average monthly amount of occupied square feet increased by 13% compared with fiscal 2014.

Sales of self-moving and self-storage products and services increased $10.0 million for fiscal 2015, compared with fiscal 2014. We earned increases from the sale of moving supplies, towing accessories and installation.

Life insurance premiums decreased $1.8 million for fiscal 20 15, compared with fiscal 2014, primarily attributable to reduced life and Medicare supplement premiums.

Property and casualty insurance premiums increased $5.4 million for fiscal 201 5, compared with fiscal 2014, primarily from policies sold in conjunction with U-Haul rental transactions. As moving transactions increased this year so did the sales of insurance products related to these transactions.

Net investment and interest income in creased $5.1 million for fiscal 201 5, compared with fiscal 201 4. Increases at our Life Insurance and Property and Casualty Insurance segments were due to a larger invested asset base along with realized gains. Conversely, interest income from Moving and Storage has decreased since SAC Holding and Private Mini repaid a combined $29.1 million of their junior note debt due to the Company in October 2014.

Other revenue decreased $0.6 million for fiscal 2015, compared with f iscal 2014 due in large part to our U-Box program performing below expectations.

As a result of the items mentioned above, revenues for AMERCO and its consolidated entities were $3,074.5 million for fiscal 2015 as compared with $2,835.3 million for fiscal 2014.

Listed below are revenues and earnings from operations at each of our operating segments for fiscal 201 5 and 201 4. The insurance companies’ years ended December 31, 201 4 and 201 3.

|  | Year Ended March 31,
|  | 2015 |  | 2014
|  | (In thousands)
Moving and storage |  |  |  |
Revenues | $ | 2,800,438 | $ | 2,571,950
Earnings from operations before equity in earnings of subsidiaries |  | 610,430 |  | 584,681
Property and casualty insurance |  |  |  |
Revenues |  | 59,275 |  | 51,644
Earnings from operations |  | 23,477 |  | 19,332
Life insurance |  |  |  |
Revenues |  | 219,656 |  | 215,528
Earnings from operations |  | 29,755 |  | 26,671
Eliminations |  |  |  |
Revenues |  | (4,838) |  | (3,870)
Earnings from operations before equity in earnings of subsidiaries |  | (638) |  | (470)
Consolidated Results |  |  |  |
Revenues |  | 3,074,531 |  | 2,835,252
Earnings from operations |  | 663,024 |  | 630,214

Total costs and expenses in creased $206.5 million for fiscal 201 5 as compared with fiscal 201 4. The M oving and Storage operating segment accounted for $202.7 million of the total increase for fiscal 2015 as compared with fiscal 201 4. Operating expenses increased $165.7 million primarily from spending on personnel, rental equipment maintenance and operating costs associated with the U-Box program. Commission expenses increased in relation to the associated revenues. Depreciation expense, net, increased $18.6 million while lease expense decreased $20.7 million as a result of the Company’s continued focus in financing new equipment on the balance sheet versus through operating leases. During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015 the Company recorded an accrual related to the PEI litigation resulting in an increase in operating expenses of $60.7 million.

As a result of the above mentioned changes in revenues and expenses, earnings from operations increased to $663.0 million for fiscal 201 5, compared with $630.2 million for fiscal 201 4.

Interest expense for fiscal 201 5 was $97.5 million, compared with $92.7 million for fiscal 201 4 due to an increase in average borrowings partially offset by a decrease in average borrowing costs. In addition, we incurred costs associated with the early extinguishment of debt during the second quarter of fiscal 2015, which included $3.8 million of fees and $0.3 million of transaction cost amortization related to defeased debt.

Income tax expense was $204.7 million for fiscal 201 5, compared with $195.1 million for fiscal 201 4. The increase was due to higher pretax earnings for fiscal 201 5.

As a result of the above mentioned items, earnings available to common shareholders were $356.7 million for fiscal 201 5, compared with $342.4 million for fiscal 201 4.

Basic and diluted earnings per common share for fiscal 201 5 were $18.21, compared with $17.51 for fiscal 201 4.

The weighted average common shares outstanding basic and diluted were 19,58 6,633 for fiscal 201 5, compared with 19,558,758 for fiscal 201 4.

Moving and Storage

Fiscal 20 16 Compared with Fiscal 2015

Listed below are revenues for the major product lines at Moving and Storage for fiscal 201 6 and fiscal 201 5:

|  | Year Ended March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015
|  | (In thousands)
Self-moving equipment rentals | $ | 2,301,586 | $ | 2,149,986
Self-storage revenues |  | 247,944 |  | 211,136
Self-moving and self-storage products and service sales |  | 251,541 |  | 244,177
Property management fees |  | 26,533 |  | 25,341
Net investment and interest income |  | 8,801 |  | 13,644
Other revenue |  | 148,099 |  | 156,154
Moving and Storage revenue | $ | 2,984,504 | $ | 2,800,438

Self-moving equipment rental revenues increased $151.6 million during fiscal 201 6, compared with fiscal 201 5. We continue to focus on enhancing our convenience to our customers by expanding our retail distribution system and growing our rental equipment fleet. During fiscal 2016, we added both independent dealers and Company-owned locations further extending our network reach. Our truck, trailer and towing device fleets experienced net additions during fiscal 2016. These activities, combined with operational improvements resulted in increases in both our one-way and In-Town rental transactions compared with last year. Revenue increased primarily from these transaction gains.

Self-storage revenues increased $36.8 million during fiscal 201 6, com pared with fiscal 201 5. The average monthly amount of occupied square feet increased by 13.8% during fiscal 201 6 compared with the same period last year. The growth in revenues and square feet rented comes from a combination of improved rates per square foot, occupancy gains at existing locations and from the addition of new facilities to the portfolio. During fiscal 2016, we added approximately 3.6 million net rentable square feet or a 17.9% increase, with approximately 0.8 million of that coming during the fourth quarter.

Sales of self-moving and self-storage products and services increased $7.4 million during fiscal 201 6, compared with fiscal 201 5. Increases were recognized in the sales of moving supplies and towing accessories and related installations.

Net investment and interest income decreased $4.8 million during fiscal 2016, compared with fiscal 201 5. Reduced note balances due from SAC Holding and Private Mini resulted in decreased interest income.

Other revenue de creased $8.1 million during fiscal 201 6, compared with fiscal 2015 caused primarily by lower U-Box TM program rentals.

The Company owns and manages self-storage facilities. Self-storage revenues reported in the consolidated financial statements represent Company-owned locations only. Self-storage data for our owned storage locations follows:

|  | Year Ended March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015
| (In thousands, except occupancy rate)
Room count as of March 31 |  | 275 |  | 232
Square footage as of March 31 |  | 23,951 |  | 20,318
Average monthly number of rooms occupied |  | 203 |  | 180
Average monthly occupancy rate based on room count |  | 80.1% |  | 81.7%
Average monthly square footage occupied |  | 18,231 |  | 16,021

Total costs and expenses decreased $18.6 million for fiscal 2016 as compared with fiscal 2015. The largest component of the decrease was related to our accruals for expenses associated with the PEI litigation which were $5.0 million and $60.7 million for fiscal 2016 and 2015, respectively. Personnel and overhead cost increases were partially offset by decreased direct operating costs associated with the U-Box program. Depreciation expense increased $36.6 million; however, gains from the disposal of property, plant and equipment increased $24.1 million. This resulted in a net increase of $12.5 million in depreciation expense, net. We have increased the number of trucks sold compared with the same period last year and the resale market for these trucks remained relatively strong. Lease expense decreased $30.0 million as a result of our shift in financing new equipment on the balance sheet versus through operating leases.

As a result of the above mentioned changes in revenues and expenses, earnings from operations for Moving and Storage before consolidation of the equity in the earnings of the insurance subsidiaries increased to $813.1 million for fiscal 2016 as compared with $610.4 million for fiscal 2015.

Equity in the earnings of AMERCO’s insurance subsidiaries increased $0.7 million for fiscal 201 6, compared with fiscal 2015.

As a result of the above mentioned changes in revenues and expenses, earnings from operations increased to $848.6 million for fiscal 2016, compared with $645.2 million for fiscal 2015.

Fiscal 20 15 Compared with Fiscal 2014

Listed below are revenues for the major product lines at Moving and Storage for fiscal 201 5 and fiscal 201 4:

|  | Year Ended March 31,
|  | 2015 |  | 2014
|  | (In thousands)
Self-moving equipment rentals | $ | 2,149,986 | $ | 1,958,209
Self-storage revenues |  | 211,136 |  | 181,794
Self-moving and self-storage products and service sales |  | 244,177 |  | 234,187
Property management fees |  | 25,341 |  | 24,493
Net investment and interest income |  | 13,644 |  | 15,212
Other revenue |  | 156,154 |  | 158,055
Moving and Storage revenue | $ | 2,800,438 | $ | 2,571,950

Self-moving equipment rental revenues increased $191.8 million for fiscal 201 5, compared with fiscal 2014. During fiscal 2015 we continued to broaden our retail distribution network through the expansion of our independent dealer network combined with the acquisition and development of new Company owned and operated locations. Our rental equipment fleet expanded as we increased the number of trucks, trailers and towing devices available for customer use. These initiatives, in tandem with our continued focus on improving the rental process through the use of technology resulted in our ability to facilitate the increase in both our In-Town and one-way rental transactions. These additional transactions account for the majority of the improvement in revenues during fiscal 2015.

Self-storage revenues increased $29.3 million for fiscal 2015, compared with fiscal 201 4. The improvement in revenue comes from an increase in the number of rooms rented at both new and existing locations along with an improvement in overall rental rates across our portfolio. During fiscal 2015, we added approximately 2.1 million net rentable square feet or nearly a 12% increase, with approximately 0.7 million of that coming during the fourth quarter. Meanwhile, the average monthly amount of occupied square feet increased by 13% compared with fiscal 2014.

Sales of self-moving and self-storage products and services increased $10.0 million for fiscal 2015, compared with fiscal 2014. We earned increases from the sale of moving supplies, towing accessories and installation s.

Net investment and interest income de creased $1.6 million for fiscal 201 5, compared with fiscal 201 4. SAC Holding and Private Mini repaid a combined $29.1 million of their junior note debt due to the Company in October 2014 resulting in reduced interest income earned by the Company.

Ot her revenue de creased $1.9 million for fiscal 201 5, compared with fiscal 201 4 due in large part to our U-Box program performing below expectations.

The Company owns and manages self-storage facilities. Self-storage revenues reported in the consolidated financial statements represent Company-owned locations only. Self-storage data for our owned storage locations follows:

|  | Year Ended March 31,
|  | 2015 |  | 2014
|  | (In thousands, except occupancy rate)
Room count as of March 31 |  | 232 |  | 207
Square footage as of March 31 |  | 20,318 |  | 18,164
Average monthly number of rooms occupied |  | 180 |  | 160
Average monthly occupancy rate based on room count |  | 81.7% |  | 80.5%
Average monthly square footage occupied |  | 16,021 |  | 14,148

Total costs and expenses increased $202.7 million for fiscal 201 5 as compared with fiscal 2014. Operating expenses increased $163.7 million primarily from spending on personnel, rental equipment maintenance and operating costs associated with the U-Box program. Commission expenses increased in relation to the associated revenues. Depreciation expense increased $59.6 million and gains from the disposal of property, plant and equipment increased by $41.1 million. L ease expense decreased $20.7 million as a result of the Company’s continued focus towards financing new equipment on the balance sheet versus through operating leases. During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015 the Company recorded an accrual related to the PEI litigation resulting in an increase in operating expenses of $60.7 million.

As a result of the above mentioned changes in revenues and expenses, earnings from operations for Moving and Storage before consolidation of the equity in the earnings of the insurance subsidiaries increased to $610.4 million for fiscal 2015 as compared with $584.7 million for fiscal 2014.

Equity in the earnings of AMERCO’s insurance subsidiaries increased $4.8 million for fiscal 201 5, compared with fiscal 2014.

As a result of the above mentioned changes in revenues and expenses, earnings from operations increased to $645.2 million for fiscal 2015, compared with $614.7 million for fiscal 2014.

Property and Casualty Insurance

201 5 Compared with 201 4

Net premiums were $50.0 million and $4 6.5 million for the years ended December 31, 201 5 and 201 4, respectively. A significant portion of Repwest’s premiums are from policies sold in conjunction with U-Haul rental transactions. The premium growth corresponded with the increased moving and storage transactions at U-Haul.

Net investment income was $14.8 million and $12.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The in crease came from the real estate and fixed maturity portfolios that both grew in size compared to 2014.

Net operating expenses were $28.0 million and $24.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The increase was due largely to additional commission expense s and higher loss adjusting expenses.

Benefits and losses incurred were $12.3 million and $11.0 million for the years ended December 31, 201 5 and 201 4, respectively. Th e increase was due to claims activity coming from additional new business.

As a result of the above mentioned changes in revenues and expenses, pretax earnings from operations were $2 4.5 million and $23.5 million for the years ended December 31, 201 5 and 201 4, respectively.

Property and Casualty Insurance

201 4 Compared with 201 3

Net premiums were $46.5 million and $41.1 million for the years ended December 31, 201 4 and 201 3, respectively. A significant portion of Repwest’s premiums are from policies sold in conjunction with U-Haul rental transactions. The premium growth corresponded with the increased moving and storage transactions at U-Haul.

Net investment income was $12.8 million and $10.6 million for the years ended December 31, 201 4 and 201 3, respectively. The increase was due to a $0.3 million gain on disposals in 2014, $0.4 million in real estate rental income and a $1.4 million increase in fixed maturity income due to an increase in invested assets.

Net operating expenses were $24.8 million and $20.8 million for the years ended December 31, 201 4 and 201 3, respectively. The increase was primarily due to a $3.7 million increase in commission expense.

Benefits and losses incurred were $11.0 million and $11.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

As a result of the above mentioned changes in revenues and expenses, pretax earnings from operations were $23.5 million and $19.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Life Insurance

201 5 Compared with 201 4

Net premiums were $162.7 million and $156.1 million for the years ended December 31, 201 5 and 201 4, respectively. Medicare supplement premiums increased $5.8 million from new sales offset by a reduction in renewal premiums due to reduction in the in force business on older blocks. Medicare supplement first year premiums were $16.9 million, an increase of $7.5 million over prior year. Life premiums increased by $0.8 million primarily as a result of final expense renewals. Annuity deposits, which are accounted for on the balance sheet as deposits rather than premiums, increased $195.8 million over prior year. Included in the deposit increase is a $30.0 mil lion deposit relating to a funding agreement with Federal Home Loan Bank system (“FHLB”).

Net investment income was $64.0 million and $59.1 million for the years ended December 31, 201 5 and 201 4, respectively. Investment income increased $4.3 million due to a larger invested asset base while $0.7 million came from realized gains from sales of investments.

Net operating expenses were $23.0 million and $22.5 million for the years ended December 31, 201 5 and 201 4, respectively. The moderate increase was primarily due to the increased administrative expenses supporting new sales.

Benefits and losses incurred were $155.1 million and $147.8 million for the years ended December 31, 201 5 and 201 4, respectively. Medicare supplement benefits increased by $4.6 million primarily as a result of the increase in incurred benefits from new sales partially offset by a decrease in Medicare supplement active life reserve from the change in reserve valuation basis. Life insurance benefits increased $2.5 million due to higher mortality exposure while other benefits decreased $1.0 million. Interest credited to policyholders increased $1.2 million reflecting the increase in annuity deposits.

Amortization of deferred acquisition costs (“DAC”), sales inducement asset (“SIA”) and the value of business acquired (“VOBA”) was $23.3 million and $19.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The increase over prior year wa s a result of an increased amortization on annuity and Medicare Supplement DAC due to the increased DAC asset base. This was partially offset by the decrease in life amortization due to a prior year DAC balance write off on older blocks.

As a result of the above mentioned changes in revenues and expenses, pretax earnings from operations were $29.8 million for both years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.

Life Insurance

201 4 Compared with 201 3

Net premiums were $156.1 million and $1 57.9 million for the year s ended December 31, 201 4 and 2013, respectively. Medicare supplement premiums decreased by $2.4 million due to a reduction in the in force business offset by new sales. Medicare Supplement first year premiums were $9.4 million, or a $6.4 million increase above prior year. Other product lines experienced a $0.6 million increase. Annuity deposits, which are accounted for on our balance sheet as deposits rather than premiums, decreased by $16.9 million compared with the prior year.

Net investment income was $5 9.1 million and $5 4.4 million for the year s ended December 31, 201 4 and 201 3, respectively. Investment income increased $3.8 million due to a larger invested asset base while approximately $0.8 million came from realized gains.

Net operating expenses were $22.5 million and $23.7 million for the year s ended December 31, 201 4 and 201 3, respectively. The variance was due to a reduction in commission expenses on declining earned premiums.

Benefits and losses incurred were $14 7.8 million and $14 5.2 million for the year s ended December 31, 201 4 and 201 3, respectively. Life benefits increased $2.5 million resulting from higher mortality exposure. Medicare supplement benefits decreased $1.1 million from a reduction in the in force on the existing blocks offset by the increased benefits from new sales. Annuity benefits decreased $1.3 million due to the reserve reduction in single premium annuities and guaranteed life withdrawal benefit rider. Supplementary contract payments increased $0.2 million. Increase in interest credited to policyholders was $2.2 million as a result of a larger annuity account value.

Amortization of deferred acquisition costs (“DAC”), sales inducement asset (“SIA”) and the value of business acquired (“VOBA”) was $19.7 million and $20.0 million for the year s ended December 31, 201 4 and 201 3, respectively.

As a result of the above mentioned changes in revenues and expenses, pretax earnings from operations were $29.8 million and $26.7 million for the year ended December 31, 201 4 and 201 3, respectively.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We believe our current capital structure is a positive factor that will enable us to pursue our operational plans and goals and provide us with sufficient liquidity for the foreseeable future. T here are many factors which could affect our liquidity, including some which are beyond our control, and there is no assurance that future cash flows and liquidity resources will be sufficient to meet our outstanding debt obligations and our other future capital needs.

At March 31, 201 6, cash and cash equivalents totaled $600.6 million, compared with $441.9 million on March 31, 20 15. The assets of our insurance subsidiaries are generally unavailable to fulfill the obligations of non-insurance operations (AMERCO, U-Haul and Real Estate). As of March 31, 201 6 (or as otherwise indicated), cash and cash equivalents, other financial assets (receivables, short-term investments, other investments, fixed maturities, and related party assets) and debt obligations of each operating segment were:

|  | Moving & Storage |  | Property and Casualty Insurance (a) |  | Life Insurance (a)
|  | (In thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 585,666 | $ | 14,049 | $ | 931
Other financial assets |  | 143,904 |  | 410,387 |  | 1,542,629
Debt obligations |  | 2,688,758 |  | – |  | –
(a) As of December 31, 2015 |  |  |  |  |  |

At March 31, 2016, Moving and Storage had available borrowing capacity under existing credit facilities of $48.0 million.

A summary of our consolidated cash flows for fiscal 201 6, 20 15 and 20 14 is shown in the table below:

|  | Years Ended March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
|  | (In thousands)
Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 1,041,063 | $ | 759,099 | $ | 733,966
Net cash used by investing activities |  | (1,273,399) |  | (755,261) |  | (846,631)
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities |  | 406,872 |  | (46,338) |  | 144,210
Effects of exchange rate on cash |  | (15,740) |  | (10,762) |  | (177)
Net cash flow |  | 158,796 |  | (53,262) |  | 31,368
Cash at the beginning of the period |  | 441,850 |  | 495,112 |  | 463,744
Cash at the end of the period | $ | 600,646 | $ | 441,850 | $ | 495,112

Net cash provided by operating activities increased $282.0 million in fiscal 201 6, compared with fiscal 2015, primarily due to an improvement in earnings, lower federal income tax payments, combined with $56.8 million of note and interest repayments from Private Mini.

Net cash used in investing activities in creased $518.1 million in fiscal 201 6, compared with fiscal 201 5. Purchases of property, plant and equipment, which are reported net of cash from sales and lease-back transactions, increased $467.2 million. Cash from the sales of property, pla nt and equipment increased $127.6 million largely due to an increase in fleet sales. Life Insurance had an increase in net cash used for investing of $186.9 million due to additional investment purchases.

Net cash provided by financing activities in creased $453.2 million in fiscal 201 6, as compared with fiscal 201 5 due to an increase in borrowings of $198.4 million, net decrease in repayments of debt and capital leases of $117.8 million, an increase in annuity deposits, net of withdrawals, by Life Insurance of $194.4 million and an increase in dividends paid of $58.8 million.

Liquidity and Capital Resources and Requirements of Our Operating Segments

Moving and Storage

To meet the needs of our customers, U-Haul maintains a large fleet of rental equipment. Capital expenditures have primarily consisted of new rental equipment acquisitions and the buyouts of existing fleet from leases. The capital to fund these expenditures has historically been obtained internally from operations and the sale of used equipment and externally from debt and lease financing. In the future, we anticipate that our internally generated funds will be used to service the existing debt and fund operations. U-Haul estimates that during fiscal 201 7 the Company will reinvest in its truck and trailer rental fleet approximately $600 million, net of equipment sales and excluding any lease buyouts. For fiscal 201 6, the Company invested, net of sales, approximately $365 million before any lease buyouts in its truck and trailer fleet. Fleet investments in fiscal 201 7 and beyond will be dependent upon several factors including availability of capital, the truck rental environment and the used-truck sales market. We anticipate that the fiscal 201 7 investments will be funded largely through debt financing, external lease financing and cash from operations. Management considers several factors including cost and tax consequences when selecting a method to fund capital expenditures. Our allocation between debt and lease financing can change from year to year based upon financial market conditions which may alter the cost or availability of financing options.

Real Estate has traditionally financed the acquisition of self-storage properties to support U-Haul's growth through debt financing and funds from operations and sales. The Company’s plan for the expansion of owned storage properties includes the acquisition of existing self-storage locations from third parties, the acquisition and development of bare land, and the acquisition and redevelopment of existing buildings not currently used for self-storage. The Company expects to fund these development projects through construction loans and internally generated funds. For fiscal 201 6, the Company invested $592.4 million in real estate acquisitions, new construction and renovation and repair. For fiscal 201 7, the timing of new projects will be dependent upon several factors, including the entitlement process, availability of capital, weather, and the identification and successful acquisition of target properties. U-Haul's growth plan in self-storage also includes the expansion of the U-Haul Storage Affiliate program, which does not require significant capital.

Net capital expenditures (purchases of property, plant and equipment less proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment and lease proceeds) were $969.9 million, $630.3 million and $730.2 million for fiscal 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The components of our net capital expenditures are provided in the following table:

|  | Years Ended March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
|  | (In thousands)
Purchases of rental equipment | $ | 881,331 | $ | 898,420 | $ | 782,463
Equipment lease buyouts |  | 81,718 |  | 40,448 |  | 36,552
Purchases of real estate, construction and renovations |  | 592,363 |  | 368,257 |  | 315,160
Other capital expenditures |  | 90,788 |  | 41,761 |  | 62,976
Gross capital expenditures |  | 1,646,200 |  | 1,348,886 |  | 1,197,151
Less: Lease proceeds |  | (137,046) |  | (306,955) |  | (196,908)
Less: Sales of property, plant and equipment |  | (539,256) |  | (411,629) |  | (270,053)
Net capital expenditures |  | 969,898 |  | 630,302 |  | 730,190

Moving and Storage continues to hold significant cash and we believe has access to additional liquidity. Management may invest these funds in our existing operations, expand our product lines or pursue external opportunities in the self-moving and storage market place, or reduce existing indebtedness where possible.

Property and Casualty Insurance

State insurance regulations restrict the amount of dividends that can be paid to stockholders of insurance companies. As a result, Property and Casualty Insurance's assets are generally not available to satisfy the claims of AMERCO or its legal subsidiaries.

We believe that stockholders equity at the Property and Casualty operating segment remains sufficient and we do not believe that its ability to pay ordinary dividends to AMERCO will be restricted per state regulations.

Our Property and Casualty operating segment s tockholder’s equity was $160.6 million, $169.3 million, and $146.8 million at December 31, 20 15, 20 14, and 20 13, respectively. The de crease in 2015 compared with 2014 resulted from net earnings of $16.2 million, a de crease in accumulated other comprehensive income of $5.3 million and a non-cash dividend paid to AMERCO of $19.6 million. Property and Casualty Insurance does not use debt or equity issues to increase capital and therefore has no direct exposure to capital market conditions other than through its investment portfolio.

Life Insurance

Life Insurance manages its financial assets to meet policyholder and other obligations including investment contract withdrawals and deposits. Life Insurance's net deposit increase for the year ended December 31, 20 15 w as $245.3 million. State insurance regulations restrict the amount of dividends that can be paid to stockholders of insurance companies. As a result, Life Insurance's funds are generally not available to satisfy the claims of AMERCO or its legal subsidiaries.

Our Life Insurance operating segment s tockholder’s equity was $271.7 million, $2 74.2 million, and $226.7 million at December 31, 20 15, 20 14 and 20 13, respectively. The de crease i n 2015 compared with 2014 resulted from earnings of $19.4 million and a de crease in accumulated other comprehensive income of $21.9 million primarily due to the effect of interest rate changes on the fixed maturity portion of the investment portfolio. Life Insurance has not historically use d debt or equity issues to increase capital and therefore has no direct exposure to capital market conditions other than through its investment portfolio. However, as of December 31, 2015, Oxford has outstanding deposits of $30.0 million through their membership in the FHLB.

Cash Provided (Used) from Operating Activities by Operating Segments

Moving and Storage

Net cash provided by operating activities was $971.6 million, $700.3 million and $662.0 million in fiscal 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively primarily due to an improvement in earnings, lower federal income tax payments, combined with $56.8 million of note and interest repayments from Private Mini.

Property and Casualty Insurance

Net c ash provided by operating activities was $19.0 million, $16.6 million, and $23.6 million for the years ended December 31, 20 15, 20 14, and 20 13, respectively. The increase s w ere consistent with typical claims activity.

Property and Casualty Insurance’s cash and cash equivalents and short-term investment portfolios amounted to $24.3 million, $18.7 million, and $35.5 million at December 31, 20 15, 20 14, and 20 13, respectively. Th ese balance s reflect funds in transition from maturity proceeds to long term investments. Management believes this level of liquid assets, combined with budgeted cash flow, is adequate to meet foreseeable cash needs. Capital and operating budgets allow Property and Casualty Insurance to schedule cash needs in accordance with investment and underwriting proceeds.

Life Insurance

Net c ash provided by operating activities w as $50.4 million, $42.3 million and $48.4 million for the years ended December 31, 20 15, 20 14 and 20 13, respectively. The increase in cash provided during the year ended December 31, 2015 wa s primarily due to the decrease in receivable for securities and an increase in short term current liabilities from cash overdrafts offset by the increase in paid commissions and administrative expenses exceeding premium and investment income revenue.

In addition to cash flows from operating activities and financing activities, a substantial amount of liquid funds are available through Life Insurance's short-term portfolio and its membership in the FHLB. At December 31, 20 15, 20 14 and 20 13, cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments amounted to $25.5 million, $39.0 million and $39.6 million, respectively. Management believes that the overall sources of liquidity are adequate to meet foreseeable cash needs.

Liquidity and Capital Resources - Summary

We believe we have the financial resources needed to meet our business plans including our working capital needs. We continue to hold significant cash and have access to existing credit facilities and additional liquidity to meet our anticipated capital expenditure requirements for investment in our rental fleet, rental equipment and storage acquisitions and build outs.

Our borrowing strategy is primarily focused on asset-backed financing and rental equipment leases. As part of this strategy, we seek to ladder maturities and hedge floating rate loans through the use of interest rate swaps. While each of these loans typically contains provisions governing the amount that can be borrowed in relation to specific assets, the overall structure is flexible with no limits on overall Company borrowings. Management believes it has adequate liquidity between cash and cash equivalents and unused borrowing capacity in existing credit facilities to meet the current and expected needs of the Company over the next several years. At March 31, 201 6, we had availab le borrowing capacity under existing credit facilities of $48.0 million. It is possible that circumstances beyond our control could alter the ability of the financial institutions to lend us the unused lines of credit. W e believe that there are additional opportunities for leverage in our existing capital structure. For a more detailed discussion of our long-term debt and borrowing capacity, please see Note 9, Borrowings of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Certain a ssets and liabilities are recorded at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets and are measured and classified based upon a three tiered approach to valuation. ASC 820 requires that financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value be classified and disclosed in a Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3 category. For more information, please see Note 15, Fair Value Measurements of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

The available-for-sale securities held by the Company are recorded at fair value. These values are determined primarily from actively traded markets where prices are based either on direct market quotes or observed transactions. Liquidity is a factor considered during the determination of the fair value of these securities. Market price quotes may not be readily available for certain securities or the market for them has slowed or ceased. In situations where the market is determined to be illiquid, fair value is determined based upon limited available information and other factors including expected cash flows. At March 31, 201 6, we had $0.3 million of available-for-sale assets classified in Level 3.

The interest rate swaps held by us as hedges against interest rate risk for our variable rate debt are recorded at fair value. These values are determined using pricing valuation models which include broker quotes for which significant inputs are observable. They include adjustments for counterparty credit quality and other deal-specific factors, where appropriate and are classified as Level 2.

Disclosures about Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments

The following table provides contractual commitments and contingencies as of March 31, 201 6:

|  |  |  | Payment due by Period (as of March 31, 2016)
Contractual Obligations |  | Total |  | 04/01/16 - 03/31/17 |  | 04/01/17 - 03/31/19 |  | 04/01/19 - 03/31/21 |  | Thereafter
|  | (In thousands)
Notes and loans payable - Principal | $ | 1,668,933 | $ | 215,344 |  | 336,609 | $ | 156,920 | $ | 960,060
Notes and loans payable - Interest |  | 566,309 |  | 72,402 |  | 113,627 |  | 92,069 |  | 288,211
Revolving credit agreements - Principal |  | 347,000 |  | – |  | 57,000 |  | 178,887 |  | 111,113
Revolving credit agreements - Interest |  | 24,268 |  | 6,300 |  | 11,560 |  | 5,755 |  | 653
Capital leases - Principal |  | 672,825 |  | 138,463 |  | 252,909 |  | 236,212 |  | 45,241
Capital leases - Interest |  | 50,275 |  | 17,712 |  | 23,805 |  | 7,904 |  | 854
Operating leases |  | 179,844 |  | 36,622 |  | 61,064 |  | 34,685 |  | 47,473
Property and casualty obligations (a) |  | 144,652 |  | 12,275 |  | 16,638 |  | 12,779 |  | 102,960
Life, health and annuity obligations (b) |  | 2,925,140 |  | 219,492 |  | 397,441 |  | 364,409 |  | 1,943,798
Self insurance accruals (c) |  | 384,921 |  | 108,008 |  | 160,212 |  | 63,384 |  | 53,317
Post retirement benefit liability |  | 13,850 |  | 658 |  | 1,687 |  | 2,336 |  | 9,169
Total contractual obligations | $ | 6,978,017 | $ | 827,276 | $ | 1,432,552 | $ | 1,155,340 | $ | 3,562,849

(a) These estimated obligations for unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses include case reserves for reported claims and IBNR claims estimates and are net of expected reinsurance recoveries. The ultimate amount to settle both the case reserves and IBNR is an estimate based upon historical experience and current trends and such estimates could materially differ from actual results. The assumptions do not include future premiums. Due to the significant assumptions employed in this model, the amounts shown could materially differ from actual results.

(b) These estimated obligations are based on mortality, morbidity, withdrawal and lapse assumptions drawn from our historical experience and adjusted for any known trends. These obligations include expected interest crediting but no amounts for future annuity deposits or premiums for life and Medicare supplement policies. The cash flows shown are undiscounted for interest and as a result total outflows for all years shown significantly exceed the corresponding liabilities of $1,383.7 million included in our consolidated ba lance sheet as of March 31, 2016. Life Insurance expects to fully fund these obligations from their invested asset portfolio. Due to the significant assumptions employed in this model, the amounts shown could materially differ from actual results.

(c) These estimated obligations are primarily the Company’s self insurance accruals for portions of the liability coverage for our rental equipment. The estimates for future settlement are based upon historical experience and current trends. Due to the significant assumptions employed in this model, the amounts shown could materially differ from actual results.

As presented above, contractual obligations on debt and guarantees represent principal payments while contractual obligations for operating leases represent the notional payments under the lease arrangements.

ASC 740 - Income Taxes liabilities and interest of $29.8 million is not included above due to uncertainty surrounding ultimate settlements, if any.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Company uses off-balance sheet arrangements in situations where management believes that the economics and sound business principles warrant their use.

AMERCO utilizes operating leases for certain rental equipment and facilities with terms expiring substantially through 2019. In the event of a shortfall in proceeds from the sales of the underlying rental equipment assets, AMERCO has guaranteed $22.3 million of residual values at March 31, 201 6 for these assets at the end of their respective lease terms. AMERCO has been leasing rental equipment since 1987. To date, we have not experienced residual value shortfalls related to these leasing arrangements. Using the average cost of fleet related debt as the discount rate, the present value of AMERCO’s minimum lease payments and residual value guarantees w as $55.5 million at March 31, 201 6.

Historically, we have used off-balance sheet arrangements in connection with the expansion of our self-storage business. For more information please see Note 19, Related Party Transactions of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. These arrange ments were primarily used when our overall borrowing structure was more limited. We do not face similar limitations currently and off-balance sheet arrangements have not been utilized in our self-storage expansion in recent years. In the future, we will continue to identify and consider off-balance sheet opportunities to the extent such arrangements would be economically advantageous to us and our stockholders.

We currently manage the self-storage properties owned or leased by SAC Holdings, Mercury Partners, L.P. (“Mercury”), Four SAC Self-Storage Corporation (“4 SAC”), Five SAC Self-Storage Corporation (“5 SAC”), Galaxy Investments, L.P. (“Galaxy”) and Private Mini pursuant to a standard form of management agreement, under which we receive a management fee of between 4% and 10% of the gross receipts plus reimbursement for certain expenses. We received management fees, exclusive of reimbursed expenses, of $27.1 million, $25.8 million and $25.8 million from the above mentioned entities during fiscal 201 6, 20 15 and 20 14, respectively. This management fee is consistent with the fee received for other properties we previously managed for third parties. SAC Holdings, 4 SAC, 5 SAC, Galaxy and Private Mini are substan tially controlled by Blackwater. Blackwater is wholly-owned by Willow Grove, which is owned by Mark V. Shoen (a significant shareholder), and various trusts associated with Edward J. Shoen and Mark V. Shoen. Mark V. Shoen controls the general partner of Mercury. The limited partner interests of Mercury are indirectly owned by James P. Shoen (a significant shareholder), Mark V. Shoen and a trust benefitting the children and grandchild of Edward J. Shoen (our Chairman of the Board, President and a significant shareholder).

We lease space for marketing company offices, vehicle repair shops and hitch installation centers from subsidiaries of SAC Holdings, 5 SAC and Galaxy. Total lease payments pursuant to such leases were $2.6 million for each of fiscal years 201 6, 20 15 and 20 14, respectively. The terms of the leases are similar to the terms of leases for other properties owned by unrelated parties that are leased by us.

At March 31, 201 6, subsidiaries of SAC Holdings, 4 SAC, 5 SAC, Galaxy and Private Mini acted as U-Haul independent dealers. The financial and other terms of the dealership contracts with the aforementioned companies and their subsidiaries are substantially identical to the terms of those with our other independent dealers whereby commissions are paid by us based on equipment rental revenues. We paid the above mentioned entities $54.7 million, $52.1 million and $49.9 million in commissions pursuant to such dealership contracts during fiscal 201 6, 20 15 and 20 14, respectively.

During fiscal 201 6, subsidiaries of ours held various junior unsecured notes of SAC Holdings. Substantially all of the equity interest of SAC Holdings is controlled by Blackwater. We do not have an equity ownership interest in SAC Holdings. We recorded interest income of $5.0 million, $5.9 million and $7.1 million and received cash interest payments of $4.6 million, $5.7 million and $1 7.2 million from SAC Holdings during fiscal 201 6, 201 5 and 201 4, respectively. The largest aggregate amount of notes receivable outstanding during fiscal 201 6 was $50.4 million and the aggregate notes receivable balance at March 31, 201 6 was $49.3 million. In accordance with the terms of these notes, SAC Holdings may prepay the notes without penalty or premium at any time. The scheduled maturities of these notes are 201 7.

These agreements along with notes with subsidiaries of SAC Holdings, 4 SAC, 5 SAC, Galaxy and Private Mini, excluding Dealer Agreements, provided revenues of $28.1 million, expenses of $2.6 million and cash flows of $83.8 million during fiscal 2016. Revenues and commission expenses related to the Dealer Agreements were $254.7 million and $54.7 million, respectively during fiscal 201 6.

Fiscal 201 7 Outlook

We will continue to focus our attention on increasing transaction volume and improving pricing, product and utilization for self-moving equipment rentals. Maintaining an adequate level of new investment in our truck fleet is an important component of our plan to meet our operational goals. Revenue in the U-Move program could be adversely impacted should we fail to execute in any of these areas. Even if we execute our plans, we could see declines in revenues primarily due to unforeseen events including the continuation of adverse economic conditions or heightened competition that is beyond our control.

With respect to our storage business, w e have added new locations and expanded at existing locations. In fiscal 201 7, we are actively looking to acquire new locations, complete current projects and increase occupancy in our existing portfolio of locations. New projects and acquisitions will be considered and pursued if they fit our long-term plans and meet our financial objectives. We will continue to invest capital and resources in the U-Box program throughout fiscal 201 7.

Property and Casualty Insurance will continue to provide loss adjusting and claims handling for U-Haul and underwrite components of the Safemove, Safetow, Safemove Plus, Safestor, and Safestor Mobile protection packages to U-Haul customers.

Life Insurance is pursuing its goal of expanding its presence in the senior market through the sales of its Medicare supplement, life and annuity policies. This strategy includes growing its agency force, expanding its new product offerings, and pursuing business acquisition opportunities.

Quarterly Results (unaudited)

The quarterly results shown below are derived from unaudited financial statements for the eight quarters beginning April 1, 20 14 and ending March 31, 20 16. We believe that all necessary adjustments have been included in the amounts stated below to present fairly, and in accordance with GAAP, such results. Moving and Storage operations are seasonal and proportionally more of the Company’s revenues and net earnings from its Moving and Storage operations are generated in the first and second quarters of each fiscal year (April through September). The operating results for the periods presented are not necessarily indicative of results for any future period.

|  | Quarter Ended
|  | March 31, 2016 |  | December 31, 2015 |  | September 30, 2015 |  | June 30, 2015
|  | (In thousands, except for share and per share data)
Total revenues | $ | 683,197 | $ | 744,751 | $ | 962,903 | $ | 884,805
Earnings from operations |  | 106,736 |  | 157,902 |  | 311,068 |  | 291,108
Earnings available to common shareholders |  | 52,568 |  | 81,769 |  | 183,379 |  | 171,285
Basic and diluted earnings per common share | $ | 2.68 | $ | 4.17 | $ | 9.36 | $ | 8.74
Weighted average common shares outstanding: basic and diluted |  | 19,593,071 |  | 19,599,352 |  | 19,597,717 |  | 19,596,129

|  | Quarter Ended
|  | March 31, 2015 |  | December 31, 2014 |  | September 30, 2014 |  | June 30, 2014
|  | (In thousands, except for share and per share data)
Total revenues | $ | 642,730 | $ | 706,355 | $ | 906,491 | $ | 818,955
Earnings from operations |  | 34,837 |  | 133,152 |  | 275,836 |  | 219,199
Earnings available to common shareholders |  | 9,480 |  | 66,540 |  | 156,247 |  | 124,474
Basic and diluted earnings per common share | $ | 0.47 | $ | 3.40 | $ | 7.98 | $ | 6.36
Weighted average common shares outstanding: basic and diluted |  | 19,594,530 |  | 19,590,555 |  | 19,584,194 |  | 19,577,802

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures A bout Market Risk

We are exposed to financial market risks, including changes in interest rates and currency exchange rates. To mitigate these risks, we may utilize derivative financial instruments, among other strategies. We do not use derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes.

Interest Rate Risk

The exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our variable rate debt obligations and one variable rate operating lease. We have used interest rate swap agreements and forward swaps to reduce our exposure to changes in interest rates. We enter into these arrangements with counterparties that are significant financial institutions with whom we generally have other financial arrangements. We are exposed to credit risk should these counterparties not be able to perform on their obligations. Following is a summary of our interest rate swaps agreements at March 31, 2016:

| Notional Amount |  |  | Fair Value |  | Effective Date |  | Expiration Date |  | Fixed Rate |  | Floating Rate
| (In thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
$ | 204,166 |  | $ | (13,322) |  | 8/18/2006 |  | 8/10/2018 |  | 5.43% |  | 1 Month LIBOR
| 5,450 | (a) |  | (101) |  | 8/15/2010 |  | 7/15/2017 |  | 2.15% |  | 1 Month LIBOR
| 10,313 | (a) |  | (328) |  | 6/1/2011 |  | 6/1/2018 |  | 2.38% |  | 1 Month LIBOR
| 20,542 | (a) |  | (485) |  | 8/15/2011 |  | 8/15/2018 |  | 1.86% |  | 1 Month LIBOR
| 8,300 | (a) |  | (181) |  | 9/12/2011 |  | 9/10/2018 |  | 1.75% |  | 1 Month LIBOR
| 9,338 | (b) |  | (142) |  | 3/28/2012 |  | 3/28/2019 |  | 1.42% |  | 1 Month LIBOR
| 11,458 |  |  | (142) |  | 4/16/2012 |  | 4/1/2019 |  | 1.28% |  | 1 Month LIBOR
| 21,825 |  |  | (144) |  | 1/15/2013 |  | 12/15/2019 |  | 1.07% |  | 1 Month LIBOR
| (a) forward swap |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| (b) operating lease |  |  |  |  |  |

As of March 31, 201 6, we had $770.0 million of variable rate debt obligations and $9.3 million of a variable rate operating lease. If the London Inter-Bank Offer Rate were to increase 100 basis points, the increase in interest expense on the variable rate debt and a variable rate operating lease would decrease future earnings and cash flows by $3.6 million annually (after consideration of the effect of the above derivative contracts). Certain senior mortgages have an anticipated repayment date and a maturity date. If these senior mortgages are not repaid by the anticipated repayment date the interest rate on these mortgages would increase from the current fixed rate. We are using the anticipated repayment date for our maturity schedule.

Additionally, our insurance subsidiaries’ fixed income investment portfolios expose us to interest rate risk. This interest rate risk is the price sensitivity of a fixed income security to changes in interest rates. As part of our insurance companies’ asset and liability management, actuaries estimate the cash flow patterns of our existing liabilities to determine their duration. These outcomes are compared to the characteristics of the assets that are currently supporting these liabilities assisting management in determining an asset allocation strategy for future investments that management believes will mitigate the overall effect of interest rates.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

The exposure to market risk for changes in foreign currency exchange rates relates primarily to our Canadian business. Approximately 4.4%, 5.2% and 5.4% of our revenue was generated in Canada in fiscal 201 6, 20 15 and 20 14, respectively. The result of a 10% change in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to the Canadian dollar would not be material to net income. We typically do not hedge any foreign currency risk since the exposure is not considered material.

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

The Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm and Consolidated Financial Statements of AMERCO and its consolidated subsidiaries including the notes to such statements and the related schedules are set forth on the “F” pages hereto and are incorporated by reference herein.

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements W ith Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

Not applicable.

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

Attached as exhibits to this Annual Report are certifications of our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Accounting Officer (“CAO”), which are required in accordance with Rule 13a-14 of the Exchange Act. This "Controls and Procedures" section includes information concerning the controls and procedures evaluation referred to in the certifications and it should be read in conjunction with the certifications for a more complete understanding of the topics presented in the section Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.

Following this discussion is the report of BDO USA, LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm, regarding its audit of AMERCO’s internal control over financial reporting as set forth below in this section. This section should be read in conjunction with the certifications of our CEO and CAO and the BDO USA, LLP report for a more complete understanding of the topics presented.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company’s management, with the participation of the CEO and CAO, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s "disclosure controls and procedures" (as such term is defined in the Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) (“Disclosure Controls”) as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report. Our Disclosure Controls are designed to reasonably assure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act, such as this Annual Report, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms. Our Disclosure Controls are also designed to reasonably assure that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the CEO and CAO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based upon the controls evaluation, our CEO and CAO have concluded that as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report, our Disclosure Controls were effective related to the above stated design purposes.

Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls

The Company's management, including the CEO and CAO, does not expect that our Disclosure Controls or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent or detect all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system's objectives will be met. The design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Further, because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Controls can also be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is based in part on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Projections of any evaluation of controls effectiveness to future periods are subject to risks. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There has not been any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) during the most recent fiscal quarter that ha s materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP. Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Management assessed our internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 201 6, the end of our fiscal year. Management based its assessment on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Management's assessment included evaluation of such elements as the design and operating effectiveness of key financial reporting controls, process documentation, accounting policies, and our overall control environment. This assessment is supported by testing and monitoring performed both by our Internal Audit organization and our Finance organization.

Based on our assessment, management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of the end of the fiscal year 201 6. We reviewed the results of management's assessment with the Audit Committee of our Board.

Our independent registered public accounting firm, BDO USA, LLP, has audited the Company's internal control over financial reporting and has issued their report, which is included on the following page.

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Board of Directors and Stockholders

AMERCO

Reno, Nevada

We have audited AMERCO and consolidated subsidiaries’ (the “Company”) internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2016, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Item 9A, Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2016, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of March 31, 2016 and 2015, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity, comprehensive income (loss), and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2016 and our report dated May 25, 2016 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/BDO USA, LLP

Phoenix, Arizona

May 25, 2016

Item 9B. Other Information

Not applicable.

PART III

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

The information required to be disclosed under this Item 10 is incorporated herein by reference to AMERCO’s definitive proxy statement, in connection with its 2016 annual meeting of stockholders (the “Proxy Statement”), which will be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the close of the 201 6 fiscal year.

The Company has adopted a C ode of E thics that applies to all directors, officers and employees of the Company, including the Company’s principal executive officer and principal accounting officer. A copy of our Code of Ethics is posted on AMERCO’s web site at amerco.com/governance.aspx. We intend to satisfy the disclosure requirements of Current Report on Form 8-K regarding any amendment to, or waiver from, a provision of our Code of Ethics by posting such information on the Company’s website, at the web address and location specified above, unless otherwise required to file a Current Report on Form 8-K by NASDAQ rules and regulations.

Item 11. Executive Compensation

The information required to be disclosed under this Item 11 is incorporated herein by reference to the P roxy S tatement.

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

The information required to be disclosed under this Item 12 is incorporated herein by reference to the P roxy S tatement.

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

The information required to be disclosed under this Item 13 is incorporated herein by reference to the P roxy S tatement.

Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services

The information required to be disclosed under this Item 1 4 is incorporated herein by reference to the P roxy S tatement.

PART IV

Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

The following documents are filed as part of this Report:

|  | Page
1 | Financial Statements: |
| Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm | F-1
| Consolidated Balance Sheets - March 31, 2016 and 2015 | F-2
| Consolidated Statements of Operations - Years Ended March 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014 | F-3
| Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) - Years Ended March 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 | F-4
| Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity - Years Ended March 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014 | F-5
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Years Ended March 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 | F-6
| Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | F-7
2 | Financial Statement Schedules required to be filed by Item 8: |
| Schedule I - Condensed Financial Information of AMERCO | F-53
| Schedule II - AMERCO and Consolidated Subsidiaries Valuation and Qualifying Accounts | F-57
| Schedule V - AMERCO and Consolidated Subsidiaries Supplemental Information (For Property-Casualty Insurance Operations) | F-58

All other schedules are omitted because they are not required, inapplicable, or the information is otherwise shown in the financial statements or notes thereto.

Exhibits:

Exhibit Number | Description | Page or Method of Filing |
3.1 | Restated Articles of Incorporation of AMERCO | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 5, 2013, file no. 1-11255 |
3.2 | Restated Bylaws of AMERCO | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 5, 2013, file no. 1-11255 |
4.1 | Termination of Rights Agreement, dated as of March 5, 2008 | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on March 11, 2008, file no. 1-11255 |
4.2 | U-Haul Investors Club Base Indenture, dated February 12, 2011 by and between AMERCO and U. S. Bank National Association | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on February 22, 2011, file no. 1-11255 |
4.3 | Second Supplemental Indenture, dated February 17, 2011, by and among AMERCO and U.S. Bank National Association | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on February 22, 2011, file no. 1-11255 |
4.4 | Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated March 15, 2011, by and among AMERCO and U.S. Bank National Association | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on March 22, 2011, file no. 1-11255
4.5 | Seventh Supplemental Indenture, dated March 29, 2011, by and among AMERCO and U.S. Bank National Association | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on April 1, 2011, file no. 1-11255
4.6 | Tenth Supplemental Indenture, dated June 7, 2011 by and between AMERCO and U.S. Bank National Association | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on June 23, 2011, file no. 1-11255
4.7 | Eleventh Supplemental Indenture dated June 7, 2011 by and between AMERCO and U.S. Bank National Association | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on October 31, 2011, file no. 1-11255
4.8 | Twelfth Supplemental Indenture dated June 14, 2011 by and between AMERCO and U.S. Bank National Association | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on June 23, 2011, file no. 1-11255
4.9 | Fourteenth Supplemental Indenture dated July 20, 2011 by and between AMERCO and U.S. Bank National Association | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on August 17, 2011, file no. 1-11255
4.10 | Fifteenth Supplemental Indenture dated July 27, 2011 by and between AMERCO and U.S. Bank National Association | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on August 17, 2011, file no. 1-11255
4.11 | Sixteenth Supplemental Indenture dated August 31, 2011 by and between AMERCO and U.S. Bank National Association | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on September 28, 2011, file no. 1-11255
4.12 | Seventeenth Supplemental Indenture dated November 8, 2011 by and between AMERCO and U.S. Bank National Association | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on January 18, 2012, file no. 1-11255

4.13 | Eighteenth Supplemental Indenture dated January 7, 2012 by and between AMERCO and U.S. Bank National Association | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on March 26, 2012, file no. 1-11255
4.14 | Nineteenth Supplemental Indenture dated May 14, 2012 by and between AMERCO and U.S. Bank National Association | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on May 15, 2012, file no. 1-11255
4.15 | Eighth Supplemental Indenture, dated April 12, 2011, by and between AMERCO and U.S. Bank National Association | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year end March 31, 2012, file no. 1-11255
4.16 | Twentieth Supplemental Indenture dated September 4, 2012 by and between AMERCO and U.S. Bank National Association | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on September 4, 2012, file no. 1-11255
4.17 | Twenty-first Supplemental Indenture dated January 15, 2013 by and between AMERCO and U.S. Bank National Association | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on January 15, 2013, file no. 1-11255
4.18 | Twenty-second Supplemental Indenture, dated May 28, 2013 by and between AMERCO and U.S. Bank National Association | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on May 30, 2013, file no. 1-11255
4.19 | Twenty-third Supplemental Indenture, dated November 26, 2013 by and between AMERCO and U.S. Bank National Association | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on November 26, 2013, file no. 1-11255
4.20 | Twenty-fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated April 22, 2014 by and between AMERCO and U.S. Bank National Association | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on April 22, 2014, file no. 1-11255
4.21 | Twenty-fifth Supplemental Indenture, dated July 7, 2015 by and between AMERCO and U.S. Bank National Association | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on July 7, 2015, file no. 1-11255
4.22 | Twenty-sixth Supplemental Indenture, dated September 29, 2015 by and between AMERCO and U.S. Bank National Association | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on September 29, 2015, file no. 1-11255
4.23 | Twenty-seventh Supplemental Indenture, dated December 15, 2015 by and between AMERCO and U.S. Bank National Association | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on December 15, 2015, file no. 1-11255
10.1 | U-Haul Dealership Contract | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year end March 31, 1993, file no. 1-11255
10.2 | ESOP Loan Credit Agreement | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 1990, file no. 1-11255
10.3 | ESOP Loan Agreement | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 1990, file no. 1-11255
10.4 | Trust Agreement for the AMERCO Employee Savings, Profit Sharing and Employee Stock Ownership Plan | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 1990, file no. 1-11255
10.5 | Amended Indemnification Agreement | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 1990, file no. 1-11255

10.6 | Indemnification Trust Agreement | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 1990, file no. 1-11255
10.7 | Management Agreement between Four SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of AMERCO | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 1997, file no. 1-11255
10.8 | Management Agreement between Five SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of AMERCO | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 1999, file no. 1-11255
10.9 | Property Management Agreement | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2004, file no. 1-11255
10.10 | U-Haul Dealership Contract between U-Haul Leasing & Sales Co., and U-Haul Moving Partners, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2004, file no. 1-11255
10.11 | Property Management Agreement between Mercury Partners, LP, Mercury 99, LLC and U-Haul Self-Storage Management (WPC), Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2004, file no. 1-11255
10.12 | Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated June 8, 2005, among Amerco Real Estate Company, Amerco Real Estate Company of Texas, Inc., Amerco Real Estate Company of Alabama Inc., U-Haul Co. of Florida, Inc., U-Haul International, Inc. and Merrill Lynch Commercial Finance Corp. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed June 14, 2005, file no. 1-11255
10.13 | Security Agreement dated June 8, 2005, by Amerco Real Estate Company, Amerco Real Estate Company of Texas, Inc., Amerco Real Estate Company of Alabama, Inc., U-Haul Co. of Florida, Inc., U-Haul International, Inc. and the Marketing Grantors named therein in favor of Merrill Lynch Commercial Finance Corp. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed June 14, 2005, file no. 1-11255
10.14 | Guarantee, dated June 8, 2005, by U-Haul International, Inc. in favor of Merrill Lynch Commercial Finance Corp. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed June 14, 2005, file no. 1-11255
10.15 | Promissory Note, dated June 8, 2005 by Amerco Real Estate Company, Amerco Real Estate Company of Texas, Inc., Amerco Real Estate Company of Alabama, Inc., U-Haul Co. of Florida, Inc. and U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed June 14, 2005, file no. 1-11255

10.16 | Amendment No. 1 to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement and Security Agreement, dated as of August 18, 2006, to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of June 8, 2005, among Amerco Real Estate Company of Texas, Inc., Amerco Real Estate Company of Alabama, Inc., U-Haul Co. of Florida, Inc., U-Haul International, Inc. and the Marketing Grantors named therein in favor of Merrill Lynch Commercial Financial Corp. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed August 23, 2006, file no. 1-11255
10.17 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Six-A SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2007, file no. 1-11255
10.18 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Six-B SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2007, file no. 1-11255
10.19 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Six-C SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2007, file no. 1-11255
10.20 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Eight SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2007, file no. 1-11255
10.21 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Nine SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2007, file no. 1-11255
10.22 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Ten SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2007, file no. 1-11255
10.23 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Eleven SAC Self-Storage Corporation and Eleven SAC Self-Storage Odenton, Inc. and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2007, file no. 1-11255
10.24 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Twelve SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2007, file no. 1-11255
10.25 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Thirteen SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2007, file no. 1-11255

10.26 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Fourteen SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2007, file no. 1-11255
10.27 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Fifteen SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2007, file no. 1-11255
10.28 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Sixteen SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2007, file no. 1-11255
10.29 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Seventeen SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2007, file no. 1-11255
10.30 | 2010-1 BOX TRUCK BASE INDENTURE, dated as of October 1, 2010, among 2010 U-HAUL S FLEET, LLC, 2010 TM-1, LLC, 2010 DC-1, LLC, and 2010 TT-1, LLC, and U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a national banking association, as trustee. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2010, file number 1-11255
10.31 | Schedule I to 2010-1 Base Indenture – Definitions List | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2010, file number 1-11255
10.32 | SERIES 2010-1 SUPPLEMENT, dated as of October 1, 2010, among 2010 U-HAUL S FLEET, LLC, 2010 TM-1, LLC, 2010 DC-1, LLC, and 2010 TT-1, LLC, and U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a national banking association, as trustee. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2010, file number 1-11255
10.33 | Pledge and Security Agreement, dated February 17, 2011, by and among AMERCO, U-Haul Leasing and Sales Co. and U.S. Bank National Association | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on February 22, 2011, file no. 1-11255
10.34 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Eighteen SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2012, file no. 1-11255
10.35 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Twenty SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2012, file no. 1-11255
10.36 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Twenty-One SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2012, file no. 1-11255
10.37 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Twenty-Two SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2012, file no. 1-11255

10.38 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Twenty-Three SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2012, file no. 1-11255
10.39 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Twenty-Four SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2012, file no. 1-11255
10.40 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Twenty-Five SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2012, file no. 1-11255
10.41 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Twenty-Six SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2012, file no. 1-11255
10.42 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Twenty-Seven SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2012, file no. 1-11255
10.43 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Three-A SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on October 4, 2013, file no. 1-11255
10.44 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Three-B SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on October 4, 2013, file no. 1-11255
10.45 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Three-C SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on October 4, 2013, file no. 1-11255
10.46 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Three-D SAC Self-Storage Corporation and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on October 4, 2013, file no. 1-11255
10.47 | Amended and Restated Property Management Agreement among Galaxy Storage One, LP and subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on October 4, 2013, file no. 1-11255
10.48 | U-Haul Dealership Contract Addendum | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2012, file no. 1-11255
10.49 | Stockholder Agreement dated February 1, 2016, between Edward J. Shoen, Mark V. Shoen, Blackwater Investments, Inc., SAC Holdings Corporation, Willow Grove Holdings LP, Foster Road LLC, James P. Shoen, Rosmarie T. Donovan, as Trustee, and David Holmes, as Trustee | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1, filed with the Schedule 13-D, filed on February 12, 2016, file number 5-39669

10.50 | Amendment to the Amended and Restated AMERCO Employee Savings and Profit and Sharing Plan* | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, for the year ended December 31, 2012, file no. 1-11255
10.51 | Loan Agreement, dated as of August 12, 2015 among U-Haul Co of Florida 8, LLC, U-Haulo Co. of Florida 9, LLC, U-Haul Co. of Florida 10, UHIL 8, LLC, UHIL 9, LLC, UHIL 10, LLC, UHIL 13, LLC, AREC 8, LLC, AREC 9, LLC, AREC 10, LLC and AREC 13, LLC, each a Delaware limitied liability company, collectively as Borrower, and Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A. and JP Morgan Chage Bank, National Association, collectively as Lender | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on August 24, 2015, file no. 1-11255
10.52 | Property Management Agreement dated December 11, 2014 between Three SAC Self-Storage Corporation and U-Haul Co. (Canada), Ltd | Filed herewith
10.53 | Property Management Agreement dated December 16, 2014 among Galaxy Storage Two, L.P. and certain subsidiaries of AMERCO | Filed herewith
10.54 | Property Management Agreement dated June 25, 2015 among 2015 SAC Self-Storage, LLC and certain subsidiaries of AMERCO | Filed herewith
10.55 | Property Management Agreement dated March 21, 2016 among Five SAC RW, LLC and certain subsidiaries of AMERCO | Filed herewith
10.56 | Amended and Restated AMERCO Employee Savings and Profit and Sharing Plan* | Filed herewith
10.57 | Amended and Restated AMERCO Employee Stock Ownership Plan* | Filed herewith
10.58 | ESOP Loan Agreement | Filed herewith
14 | Code of Ethics | Incorporated by reference to AMERCO’s Quarterly Report on Form 8-K, filed on April 15, 2014, file no. 1-11255
21 | Subsidiaries of AMERCO | Filed herewith
23.1 | Consent of BDO USA, LLP | Filed herewith
24 | Power of Attorney | Refer to signature page
31.1 | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certificate of Edward J. Shoen, President and Chairman of the Board of AMERCO | Filed herewith
31.2 | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certificate of Jason A. Berg, Principal Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer of AMERCO | Filed herewith

32.1 | Certificate of Edward J. Shoen, President and Chairman of the Board of AMERCO pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | Furnished herewith
32.2 | Certificate of Jason A. Berg, Principal Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer of AMERCO pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | Furnished herewith
101.INS | XBRL Instance Document | Furnished herewith
101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema | Furnished herewith
101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase | Furnished herewith
101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase | Furnished herewith
101.PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase | Furnished herewith
101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase | Furnished herewith

* Indicates management plan or compensatory arrangement.

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Board of Directors and Stockholders

AMERCO

Reno, Nevada

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of AMERCO and consolidated subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of March 31, 2016 and 2015 and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity, comprehensive income (loss), and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2016. In connection with our audits of the financial statements, we have also audited the financial statement schedules listed in the accompanying index. These financial statements and schedules are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedules based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements and schedules. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at March 31, 2016 and 2015, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2016, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Also, in our opinion, the financial statement schedules, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, present fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2016, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) and our report dated May 25, 2016 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ BDO USA, LLP

Phoenix, Arizona

May 2 5, 201 6

Amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

Consolidated balance sheets

|  | March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015
|  | (In thousands, except share data)
ASSETS |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 600,646 | $ | 441,850
Reinsurance recoverables and trade receivables, net |  | 175,210 |  | 189,869
Inventories, net |  | 79,756 |  | 69,472
Prepaid expenses |  | 134,300 |  | 126,296
Investments, fixed maturities and marketable equities |  | 1,510,538 |  | 1,304,962
Investments, other |  | 310,072 |  | 268,720
Deferred policy acquisition costs, net |  | 136,386 |  | 115,422
Other assets |  | 100,572 |  | 106,157
Related party assets |  | 85,734 |  | 141,790
|  | 3,133,214 |  | 2,764,538
Property, plant and equipment, at cost: |  |  |  |
Land |  | 587,347 |  | 467,482
Buildings and improvements |  | 2,187,400 |  | 1,728,033
Furniture and equipment |  | 399,943 |  | 355,349
Rental trailers and other rental equipment |  | 462,379 |  | 436,642
Rental trucks |  | 3,514,175 |  | 3,059,987
|  | 7,151,244 |  | 6,047,493
Less: Accumulated depreciation |  | (2,133,733) |  | (1,939,856)
Total property, plant and equipment |  | 5,017,511 |  | 4,107,637
Total assets | $ | 8,150,725 | $ | 6,872,175
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY |  |  |  |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | $ | 502,613 | $ | 496,370
Notes, loans and leases payable |  | 2,688,758 |  | 2,190,869
Policy benefits and losses, claims and loss expenses payable |  | 1,071,412 |  | 1,062,188
Liabilities from investment contracts |  | 951,490 |  | 685,745
Other policyholders' funds and liabilities |  | 8,650 |  | 7,764
Deferred income |  | 22,784 |  | 18,081
Deferred income taxes, net |  | 653,612 |  | 526,799
Total liabilities |  | 5,899,319 |  | 4,987,816
Commitments and contingencies (notes 9, 16, 17, and 18) |  |  |  |
Stockholders' equity: |  |  |  |
Series preferred stock, with or without par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized: |  |  |  |
Series A preferred stock, with no par value, 6,100,000 shares authorized; |  |  |  |
6,100,000 shares issued and none outstanding as of March 31, 2016 and 2015 |  | – |  | –
Series B preferred stock, with no par value, 100,000 shares authorized; none |  |  |  |
issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2016 and 2015 |  | – |  | –
Series common stock, with or without par value, 150,000,000 shares authorized: |  |  |  |
Series A common stock of $0.25 par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized; |  |  |  |
none issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2016 and 2015 |  | – |  | –
Common stock, with 0.25 par value, 150,000,000 shares authorized: |  |  |  |
Common stock of $0.25 par value, 150,000,000 shares authorized; 41,985,700 |  |  |  |
issued and 19,607,788 outstanding as of March 31, 2016 and 2015 |  | 10,497 |  | 10,497
Additional paid-in capital |  | 451,629 |  | 449,668
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |  | (60,525) |  | (34,365)
Retained earnings |  | 2,533,641 |  | 2,142,600
Cost of common shares in treasury, net (22,377,912 shares as of March 31, 2016 and 2015) |  | (525,653) |  | (525,653)
Cost of preferred shares in treasury, net (6,100,000 shares as of March 31, 2016 and 2015) |  | (151,997) |  | (151,997)
Unearned employee stock ownership plan shares |  | (6,186) |  | (6,391)
Total stockholders' equity |  | 2,251,406 |  | 1,884,359
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | 8,150,725 | $ | 6,872,175

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

Consolidated statements of operations

|  | Years Ended March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
|  | (In thousands, except share and per share data)
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |
Self-moving equipment rentals | $ | 2,297,980 | $ | 2,146,391 | $ | 1,955,423
Self-storage revenues |  | 247,944 |  | 211,136 |  | 181,794
Self-moving and self-storage products and service sales |  | 251,541 |  | 244,177 |  | 234,187
Property management fees |  | 26,533 |  | 25,341 |  | 24,493
Life insurance premiums |  | 162,662 |  | 156,103 |  | 157,919
Property and casualty insurance premiums |  | 50,020 |  | 46,456 |  | 41,052
Net investment and interest income |  | 86,805 |  | 84,728 |  | 79,591
Other revenue |  | 152,171 |  | 160,199 |  | 160,793
Total revenues |  | 3,275,656 |  | 3,074,531 |  | 2,835,252
Costs and expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating expenses |  | 1,470,047 |  | 1,479,409 |  | 1,313,674
Commission expenses |  | 262,627 |  | 249,642 |  | 227,332
Cost of sales |  | 144,990 |  | 146,072 |  | 127,270
Benefits and losses |  | 167,436 |  | 158,760 |  | 156,702
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |  | 23,272 |  | 19,661 |  | 19,982
Lease expense |  | 49,780 |  | 79,798 |  | 100,466
Depreciation, net of (gains) losses on disposals of (($98,703), ($74,631) and ($33,557), respectively) |  | 290,690 |  | 278,165 |  | 259,612
Total costs and expenses |  | 2,408,842 |  | 2,411,507 |  | 2,205,038
Earnings from operations |  | 866,814 |  | 663,024 |  | 630,214
Interest expense |  | (97,903) |  | (97,525) |  | (92,692)
Fees and amortization on early extinguishment of debt |  | – |  | (4,081) |  | –
Pretax earnings |  | 768,911 |  | 561,418 |  | 537,522
Income tax expense |  | (279,910) |  | (204,677) |  | (195,131)
Earnings available to common stockholders | $ | 489,001 | $ | 356,741 | $ | 342,391
Basic and diluted earnings per common share | $ | 24.95 | $ | 18.21 | $ | 17.51
Weighted average common shares outstanding: Basic and diluted |  | 19,596,110 |  | 19,586,633 |  | 19,558,758

Related party revenues for fiscal 201 6, 201 5 and 201 4, net of elimination s, were $32.6 million, $36.2 million and $3 6.9 million, respectively.

Related party costs and expenses for fiscal 201 6, 201 5, and 201 4, net of eliminations, were $57.4 million, $5 4.7 million and $52.6 million, respectively.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Amerco and Consolidated Subsidiaries

Consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss)

Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2016 |  | Pre-tax |  | Tax |  | Net
|  | (In thousands)
Comprehensive income: |  |  |  |  |  |
Net earnings | $ | 768,911 | $ | (279,910) | $ | 489,001
Other comprehensive income: |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation |  | (4,473) |  | – |  | (4,473)
Unrealized net loss on investments |  | (41,639) |  | 14,573 |  | (27,066)
Change in fair value of cash flow hedges |  | 9,721 |  | (3,694) |  | 6,027
Postretirement benefit obligations loss |  | (1,029) |  | 381 |  | (648)
Total comprehensive income | $ | 731,491 | $ | (268,650) | $ | 462,841

Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2015 |  | Pre-tax |  | Tax |  | Net
|  | (In thousands)
Comprehensive income: |  |  |  |  |  |
Net earnings | $ | 561,418 | $ | (204,677) | $ | 356,741
Other comprehensive income: |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation |  | (19,883) |  | – |  | (19,883)
Unrealized net gain on investments |  | 54,139 |  | (18,949) |  | 35,190
Change in fair value of cash flow hedges |  | 8,203 |  | (3,117) |  | 5,086
Postretirement benefit obligations loss |  | (1,325) |  | 490 |  | (835)
Total comprehensive income | $ | 602,552 | $ | (226,253) | $ | 376,299

Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2014 |  | Pre-tax |  | Tax |  | Net
|  | (In thousands)
Comprehensive income: |  |  |  |  |  |
Net earnings | $ | 537,522 | $ | (195,131) | $ | 342,391
Other comprehensive income: |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation |  | (9,134) |  | – |  | (9,134)
Unrealized net loss on investments |  | (51,590) |  | 17,936 |  | (33,654)
Change in fair value of cash flow hedges |  | 19,317 |  | (7,340) |  | 11,977
Postretirement benefit obligations loss |  | (697) |  | 265 |  | (432)
Total comprehensive income | $ | 495,418 | $ | (184,270) | $ | 311,148

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity

Description |  | Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-In Capital |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  | Retained Earnings |  | Less: Treasury Common Stock |  | Less: Treasury Preferred Stock |  | Less: Unearned Employee Stock Ownership Plan Shares |  | Total Stockholders' Equity
| (In thousands)
Balance as of March 31, 2013 | $ | 10,497 | $ | 438,168 | $ | (22,680) | $ | 1,482,630 | $ | (525,653) | $ | (151,997) | $ | (1,706) | $ | 1,229,259
Increase in market value of released ESOP shares |  | – |  | 6,042 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | 6,042
Release of unearned ESOP shares |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | 694 |  | 694
Purchase of ESOP shares |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | (207) |  | (207)
Foreign currency translation |  | – |  | – |  | (9,134) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | (9,134)
Unrealized net loss on investments, net of tax |  | – |  | – |  | (33,654) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | (33,654)
Fair market value of cash flow hedges, net of tax |  | – |  | – |  | 11,977 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | 11,977
Adjustment to post retirement benefit obligation |  | – |  | – |  | (432) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | (432)
Net earnings |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | 342,391 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | 342,391
Common stock dividend: ($1.00 per share for fiscal 2014) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | (19,568) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | (19,568)
Net activity |  | – |  | 6,042 |  | (31,243) |  | 322,823 |  | – |  | – |  | 487 |  | 298,109
Balance as of March 31, 2014 | $ | 10,497 | $ | 444,210 | $ | (53,923) | $ | 1,805,453 | $ | (525,653) |  | (151,997) | $ | (1,219) | $ | 1,527,368
Increase in market value of released ESOP shares |  | – |  | 5,458 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | 5,458
Release of unearned ESOP shares |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | 2,767 |  | 2,767
Purchase of ESOP shares |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | (7,939) |  | (7,939)
Foreign currency translation |  | – |  | – |  | (19,883) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | (19,883)
Unrealized net gain on investments, net of tax |  | – |  | – |  | 35,190 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | 35,190
Fair market value of cash flow hedges, net of tax |  | – |  | – |  | 5,086 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | 5,086
Adjustment to post retirement benefit obligation |  | – |  | – |  | (835) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | (835)
Net earnings |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | 356,741 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | 356,741
Common stock dividends: ($1.00 per share for fiscal 2015) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | (19,594) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | (19,594)
Net activity |  | – |  | 5,458 |  | 19,558 |  | 337,147 |  | – |  | – |  | (5,172) |  | 356,991
Balance as of March 31, 2015 | $ | 10,497 | $ | 449,668 | $ | (34,365) | $ | 2,142,600 | $ | (525,653) | $ | (151,997) | $ | (6,391) | $ | 1,884,359
Increase in market value of released ESOP shares |  | – |  | 1,961 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | 1,961
Release of unearned ESOP shares |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | 9,507 |  | 9,507
Purchase of ESOP shares |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | (9,302) |  | (9,302)
Foreign currency translation |  | – |  | – |  | (4,473) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | (4,473)
Unrealized net loss on investments, net of tax |  | – |  | – |  | (27,066) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | (27,066)
Fair market value of cash flow hedges, net of tax |  | – |  | – |  | 6,027 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | 6,027
Adjustment to post retirement benefit obligation |  | – |  | – |  | (648) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | (648)
Net earnings |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | 489,001 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | 489,001
Common stock dividends: ($5.00 per share for fiscal 2016) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | (97,960) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | (97,960)
Net activity |  | – |  | 1,961 |  | (26,160) |  | 391,041 |  | – |  | – |  | 205 |  | 367,047
Balance as of March 31, 2016 | $ | 10,497 | $ | 451,629 | $ | (60,525) | $ | 2,533,641 | $ | (525,653) | $ | (151,997) | $ | (6,186) | $ | 2,251,406

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

consolidated statements of cash flows

|  | Years Ended March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
|  | (In thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Net earnings | $ | 489,001 | $ | 356,741 | $ | 342,391
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to cash provided by operations: |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation |  | 389,393 |  | 352,796 |  | 293,169
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |  | 23,272 |  | 19,661 |  | 19,982
Interest credited to policyholders |  | 20,465 |  | 18,110 |  | 22,890
Change in allowance for losses on trade receivables |  | (205) |  | (168) |  | (36)
Change in allowance for inventory reserves |  | (1,343) |  | (872) |  | 871
Net gain on sale of real and personal property |  | (98,703) |  | (74,631) |  | (33,557)
Net gain on sale of investments |  | (4,491) |  | (3,925) |  | (6,411)
Deferred income taxes |  | 138,075 |  | 76,500 |  | 46,371
Net change in other operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Reinsurance recoverables and trade receivables |  | 14,765 |  | 9,632 |  | 62,506
Inventories |  | (9,009) |  | (1,579) |  | (11,495)
Prepaid expenses |  | (10,338) |  | (65,720) |  | 2,186
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs |  | (32,590) |  | (27,084) |  | (32,611)
Other assets |  | 15,322 |  | 3,735 |  | 7,667
Related party assets |  | 56,644 |  | 27,706 |  | 7,554
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |  | 37,387 |  | 98,877 |  | 36,365
Policy benefits and losses, claims and loss expenses payable |  | 9,626 |  | (17,621) |  | (30,496)
Other policyholders' funds and liabilities |  | (349) |  | 988 |  | 631
Deferred income |  | 4,757 |  | (13,181) |  | 1,259
Related party liabilities |  | (616) |  | (866) |  | 4,730
Net cash provided by operating activities |  | 1,041,063 |  | 759,099 |  | 733,966
Cash flow from investing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchase of: |  |  |  |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment |  | (1,509,154) |  | (1,041,931) |  | (1,000,243)
Short term investments |  | (515,899) |  | (290,379) |  | (270,690)
Fixed maturity investments |  | (417,062) |  | (214,371) |  | (282,424)
Equity securities |  | (1,315) |  | (3,759) |  | (1,562)
Preferred stock |  | (1,005) |  | (2,006) |  | (640)
Real estate |  | (75) |  | (15,399) |  | (532)
Mortgage loans |  | (102,588) |  | (42,683) |  | (52,419)
Proceeds from sales and paydowns of: |  |  |  |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment |  | 539,256 |  | 411,629 |  | 270,053
Short term investments |  | 528,180 |  | 287,883 |  | 269,052
Fixed maturity investments |  | 154,536 |  | 107,867 |  | 138,401
Equity securities |  | 2,044 |  | 3,082 |  | 29,139
Preferred stock |  | 1,126 |  | 2,427 |  | 6,004
Real estate |  | – |  | 396 |  | 544
Mortgage loans |  | 48,557 |  | 41,983 |  | 48,686
Net cash used by investing activities |  | (1,273,399) |  | (755,261) |  | (846,631)
Cash flow from financing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Borrowings from credit facilities |  | 855,972 |  | 657,535 |  | 431,029
Principal repayments on credit facilities |  | (428,403) |  | (593,722) |  | (293,068)
Debt issuance costs |  | (10,184) |  | (12,327) |  | (3,943)
Capital lease payments |  | (168,661) |  | (121,202) |  | (53,079)
Purchases of Employee Stock Ownership Plan Shares |  | (9,302) |  | (7,939) |  | (207)
Securitization deposits |  | 544 |  | – |  | –
Common stock dividends paid |  | (78,374) |  | (19,594) |  | (19,568)
Investment contract deposits |  | 298,237 |  | 105,019 |  | 117,723
Investment contract withdrawals |  | (52,957) |  | (54,108) |  | (34,677)
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities |  | 406,872 |  | (46,338) |  | 144,210
Effects of exchange rate on cash |  | (15,740) |  | (10,762) |  | (177)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |  | 158,796 |  | (53,262) |  | 31,368
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of period |  | 441,850 |  | 495,112 |  | 463,744
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of period | $ | 600,646 | $ | 441,850 | $ | 495,112

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements

Note 1. Basis of Presentation

AMERCO, a Nevada Corporation (“AMERCO”), has a fiscal year that ends on the 31 st of March for each year that is referenced. Our insurance company subsidiaries have fiscal years that end on the 31 st of December for each year that is referenced. They have been consolidated on that basis. Our insurance companies’ financial reporting processes conform to calendar year reporting as required by state insurance departments. Management believes that consolidating their calendar year into our fiscal year financial statements does not materially affect the financial position or results of operations. We disclose any material events occurring during the intervening period. Consequently, all references to our insurance subsidiaries’ years 20 15, 20 14 and 20 13 correspond to fiscal 201 6, 20 15 and 20 14 for AMERCO.

Accounts denominated in non-U.S. currencies have been translated into U.S. dollars. Certain amounts reported in previous years have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation.

Note 2. Principles of Consolidation

We appl y ASC 810 - Consolidation (“ASC 810”) in our principles of consolidation. ASC 810 addresses arrangements where a company does not hold a majority of the voting or similar interests of a variable interest entity (“VIE”). A company is required to consolidate a VIE if it has determined it is the primary beneficiary. ASC 810 also addresses the policy when a company owns a majority of the voting or similar rights and exercises effective control.

As promulgated by ASC 810, a VIE is not self-supportive due to having one or both of the following conditions: (i) it has an insufficient amount of equity for it to finance its activities without receiving additional subordinated financial support or (ii) its owners do not hold the typical risks and rights of equity owners. This determination is made upon the creation of a variable interest and is re-assessed on an on-going basis should certain changes in the operations of a VIE, or its relationship with the primary beneficiary trigger a reconsideration under the provisions of ASC 810. After a triggering event occurs the most recent facts and circumstances are utilized in determining whether or not a company is a VIE, which other company(s) have a variable interest in the entity, and whether or not the company’s interest is such that it is the primary beneficiary.

We will continue to monitor our relationships with the other entities regarding who is the primary beneficiary, which could change based on facts and circumstances of any reconsideration events.

Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Description of Legal Entities

AMERCO is the holding company for:

U-Haul International, Inc. (“U-Haul”),

Amerco Real Estate Company (“Real Estate”),

Repwest Insurance Company (“Repwest”), and

Oxford Life Insurance Company (“Oxford”).

Unless the context otherwise requires, the term “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our” refers to AMERCO and all of its legal subsidiaries.

Description of Operating Segments

AMERCO has three reportable segments. They are Moving and Storage, Property and Casualty Insurance and Life Insurance.

Moving and Storage includes AMERCO, U-Haul, and Real Estate and the wholly-owned subsidiaries of U-Haul and Real Estate. Operations consist of the rental of trucks and trailers, sales of moving supplies, sales of towing accessories, sales of propane, and the rental of fixed and portable moving and storage units to the “do-it-yourself” mover and management of self-storage properties owned by others. Operations are conducted under the registered trade name U-Haul® throughout the United States and Canada.

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Property and Casualty Insurance includes Repwest and its wholly-owned subsidiaries and ARCOA R isk R etention G roup (“ARCOA”). Property and Casualty Insurance provides loss adjusting and claims handling for U-Haul through regional offices across North America. Property and Casualty Insurance also underwrites components of the Safemove, Safetow, Safemove Plus, Safestor and Safestor Mobile protection packages to U-Haul customers. The business plan for Property and Casualty Insurance includes offering property and casualty products in other U-Haul related programs. ARCOA is a group captive insurer owned by us and our wholly-owned subsidiaries whose purpose is to provide insurance products related to the moving and storage business.

Life Insurance includes Oxford and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. Life Insurance provides life and health insurance products primarily to the senior market through the direct writing and reinsuring of life insurance, Medicare supplement and annuity policies.

Note 3. Accounting Policies

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with the generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) in the United States requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. The accounting policies that we deem most critical to us and that require management’s most difficult and subjective judgments include the principles of consolidation, the recoverability of property, plant and equipment, the adequacy of insurance reserves, the recognition and measurement of impairments for investments accounted for under ASC 320 - Investments - Debt and Equity Securities and the recognition and measurement of income tax assets and liabilities. The actual results experienced by us may differ from management’s estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

We consider cash equivalents to be highly liquid debt securities with insignificant interest rate risk with original maturities from the date of purchase of three months or less.

Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash deposits. Accounts at each United States financial institution are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation up to $250,000. Accounts at each Canadian financial institution are insured by the Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation up to $100,000 CAD per account. At March 31, 201 6 and March 31, 20 15, we held cash equivalents in excess of these insured limits. To mitigate this risk, we select financial institutions based on their credit ratings and financial strength.

Investments

Fixed Maturities and Marketable Equities. Fixed maturity investments consist of either marketable debt, equity or redeemable preferred stocks. As of the balance sheet dates, all of our investments in these securities were classified as available-for-sale. Available-for-sale investments are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains or losses recorded net of taxes and applicable adjustments to deferred policy acquisition costs in stockholders’ equity. Fair value for these investments is based on quoted market prices, dealer quotes or discounted cash flows. The cost of investments sold is based on the specific identification method.

In determining if and when a decline in market value below carrying value is an other-than-temporary impairment, management makes certain assumptions or judgments in its assessment including but not limited to: our ability to hold the security, quoted market prices, dealer quotes, discounted cash flows, industry factors, financial factors, and issuer specific information. Other-than-temporary impairments, to the extent of the decline, as well as realized gains or losses on the sale or exchange of investments are recognized in the current period operating results.

Mortgage Loans and Notes on Real Estate. Mortgage loans and notes on real estate are reported at their unpaid balance, net of any allowance for possible losses and any unamortized premium or discount.

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Recognition of Investment Income. Interest income from bonds and mortgage notes is recognized when earned. Dividends on common and preferred stocks are recognized on the ex-dividend dates. Realized gains and losses on the sale or exchange of investments are recognized at the trade date.

Derivative Financial Instruments

Our objective for holding derivative financial instruments is to manage interest rate risk exposure primarily through entering interest rate swap agreements. An interest rate swap is a contractual exchange of interest payments between two parties. A standard interest rate swap involves the payment of a fixed rate times a notional amount by one party in exchange for a floating rate times the same notional amount from another party. As interest rates change, the difference to be paid or received is accrued and recognized as interest expense or income over the life of the agreement. We do not enter into these instruments for trading purposes. Counterparties to the interest rate swap agreements are major financial institutions. In accordance with ASC 815 - Derivatives and Hedging, we recognize interest rate swap agreements on the balance sheet at fair value, which is classified as prepaid expenses (asset) or accrued expenses (liability). Derivatives that are not designated as cash flow hedges for accounting purposes must be adjusted to fair value through income. If the derivative qualifies and is designated as a cash flow hedge, changes in its fair value will either be offset against the change in fair value of the hedged item through earnings or recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. See Note 11, Derivatives of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Inventories, net

Inventories, net were as follows:

|  | March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015
|  | (In thousands)
Truck and trailer parts and accessories (a) | $ | 68,665 | $ | 62,701
Hitches and towing components (b) |  | 17,483 |  | 15,308
Moving supplies and propane (b) |  | 8,668 |  | 7,866
Subtotal |  | 94,816 |  | 85,875
Less: LIFO reserves |  | (13,463) |  | (15,019)
Less: excess and obsolete reserves |  | (1,597) |  | (1,384)
Total | $ | 79,756 | $ | 69,472
(a) Primarily held for internal usage, including equipment manufacturing and repair
(b) Primarily held for retail sales |  |  |  |

Inventories consist primarily of truck and trailer parts and accessories used to manufacture and repair rental equipment as well as products and accessories available for retail sale. Inventory is held at our owned locations; our independent dealers do not hold any of our inventory.

Inventory cost is primarily determined using the last-in first-out method (“LIFO”). Inventories valued using LIFO consisted of approximately 97% of the total inventories for both March 31, 201 6 and 20 15. Had we utilized the first-in first-out method (“FIFO”), stated inventory balances would have been $13.5 million and $15.0 million higher at March 31, 201 6 and 20 15, respectively. In fiscal 201 6, the negative effect on income due to liquidation of a portion of the LIFO inventory was $0.1 million.

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Property, Plant and Equipment

Our Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost. Interest expense incurred during the initial construction of buildings and rental equipment is considered part of cost. Depreciation is computed for financial reporting purposes using the straight line or an accelerated method based on a declining balance formula over the following estimated useful lives: rental equipment 2-20 years and buildings and non-rental equipment 3-55 years. We follow the deferral method of accounting based on ASC 908 - Airlines for major overhauls in which engine and transmission overhauls are capitalized and amortized over three years. Routine maintenance costs are charged to operating expense as they are incurred. Gains and losses on dispositions of property, plant and equipment are netted against depreciation expense when realized. The net amount of (gains) or losses netted against depreciation expense were ($98.7) million, ($74.6) million and ($33.6) million during fiscal 201 6, 20 15 and 20 14, respectively. Equipment depreciation is recognized in amounts expected to result in the recovery of estimated residual values upon disposal, i.e., minimize gains or losses. In determining the depreciation rate, historical disposal experience, holding periods and trends in the market for vehicles are reviewed.

We regularly perform reviews to determine whether facts and circumstances exist which indicate that the carrying amount of assets, including estimates of residual value, may not be recoverable or that the useful life of assets are shorter or longer than originally estimated. Reductions in residual values (i.e., the price at which we ultimately expect to dispose of revenue earning equipment) or useful lives will result in an increase in depreciation expense over the remaining life of the equipment. Reviews are performed based on vehicle class, generally subcategories of trucks and trailers. We assess the recoverability of our assets by comparing the projected undiscounted net cash flows associated with the related asset or group of assets over their estimated remaining lives against their respective carrying amounts. We consider factors such as current and expected future market price trends on used vehicles and the expected life of vehicles included in the fleet. Impairment, if any, is based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of those assets. If asset residual values are determined to be recoverable, but the useful lives are shorter or longer than originally estimated, the net book value of the assets is depreciated over the newly determined remaining useful lives.

M anagement determined that additions to the fleet resulting from purchase s should be depreciated on an accelerated method based upon a declining formula. Under the declining balances method (2.4 times declining balance), the book value of a rental truck is reduced approximately 16%, 13%, 11%, 9%, 8%, 7%, and 6% during years one through seven, respectively and then reduced on a straight line basis to a salvage value of 20% by the end of year fifteen. Beginning in October 2012, new purchased rental equipment subject to this depreciation schedule is depreciated to a salvage value of 15%. Comparatively, a standard straight line approach would reduce the book value by approximately 5.7% per year over the life of the truck.

Although we intend to sell our used vehicles for prices approximating book value, the extent to which we realize a gain or loss on the sale of used vehicles is dependent upon various factors including, but not limited to, the general state of the used vehicle market, the age and condition of the vehicle at the time of its disposal and the depreciation rates with respect to the vehicle. We typically sell our used vehicles at our sales centers throughout North America, on our web site at uhaul.com/trucksales or by phone at 866-404-0355. Additionally, we sell a large portion of our pickup and cargo van fleet at automobile dealer auctions.

The carrying value of surplus real estate, which is lower than market value at the balance sheet date, was $14.1 million for both fiscal 201 6 and 20 15 and is included in Investments, other.

Receivables

Trade receivable s include trade accounts from moving and self-storage customers and dealers, insurance premiums and amounts due from re-insurers, less management’s estimate of uncollectible accounts.

Insurance premiums receivable for policies that are billed through contracted agents are recorded net of commissions payable. A commission payable is recorded as a separate liability for those premiums that are billed direct.

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Reinsurance recoverables include case reserves and actuarial estimates of claims incurred but not reported ("IBNR"). These receivables are not expected to be collected until after the associated claim has been adjudicated and billed to the re-insurer. The reinsurance recoverables may have little or no allowance for doubtful accounts due to the fact that reinsurance is typically procured from carriers with strong credit ratings. Furthermore, we do not cede losses to a re-insurer if the carrier is deemed financially unable to perform on the contract. R einsurance recoverables also include insurance ceded to other insurance companies.

Notes and mortgage receivables include accrued interest and are reduced by discounts and amounts considered by management to be uncollectible.

Policy Benefits and Losses, Claims and Loss Expenses Payable

Life Insurance’s liabilities for life insurance and certain annuity and health policies are established to meet the estimated future obligations of policies in force, and are based on mortality, morbidity and withdrawal assumptions from recognized actuarial tables which contain margins for adverse deviation. Liabilities for health, disability and other policies include estimates of payments to be made on insurance claims for reported losses and estimates of losses incurred, but not yet reported. Oxford’s liabilities for deferred annuity contracts consist of contract account balances that accrue to the benefit of the policyholders.

Property and Casualty Insurance’s liability for reported and unreported losses is based on Rep w est’s historical data along with industry averages. The liability for unpaid loss adjustment expenses is based on historical ratios of loss adjustment expenses paid to losses paid. Amounts recoverable from re-insurers on unpaid losses are estimated in a manner consistent with the claim liability associated with the re-insured policy. Adjustments to the liability for unpaid losses and loss expenses as well as amounts recoverable from re-insurers on unpaid losses are charged or credited to expense in the periods in which they are made.

Due to the nature of the underlying risks and high degree of uncertainty associated with the determination of the liability for future policy benefits and claims, the amounts to be ultimately paid to settle these liabilities cannot be precisely determined and may vary significantly from the estimated liability, especially for long-tailed casualty lines of business such as excess workers’ compensation. As a result of the long-tailed nature of the excess workers’ compensation policies written by Repwest during 1983 through 200 1, it may take a number of years for claims to be fully reported and finally settled.

On a regular basis insurance reserve adequacy is reviewed by management to determine if existing assumptions need to be updated. In determining the assumptions for calculating workers’ compensation reserves, management considers multiple factors including the following:

- Claimant longevity
- Cost trends associated with claimant treatments
- Changes in ceding entity and third party administrator reporting practices
- Changes in environmental factors including legal and regulatory
- Current conditions affecting claim settlements
- Future economic conditions including inflation

We have reserved each claim based upon the accumulation of current claim costs projected through each claimant’s life expectancy and then adjusted for applicable reinsurance arrangements. Management reviews each claim bi-annually to determine if the estimated life-time claim costs have increased and then adjusts the reserve estimate accordingly at that time. We have factored in an estimate of what the potential cost increases could be in our IBNR liability. We have not assumed settlement of the existing claims in calculating the reserve amount, unless it is in the final stages of completion.

Continued i ncreases in claim costs, including medical inflation and new treatments and medications could lead to future adverse development resulting in additional reserve strengthening. Conversely, settlement of existing claims or if injured workers return to work or expire prematurely, could lead to future positive development.

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Self-Insurance Reserves

U-Haul retains the risk for certain public liability and property damage programs related to our rental equipment. The consolidated balance sheets include $386.4 million and $363.6 million of liabilities related to these programs as of March 31, 201 6 and 20 15, respectively. These liabilities are recorded in Policy benefits and losses, claims and loss expenses payable. Management takes into account losses incurred based upon actuarial estimates, past experience, current claim trends, as well as social and economic conditions. This liability is subject to change in the future based upon changes in the underlying assumptions including claims experience, frequency of incidents, and severity of incidents.

Additionally, as of March 31, 201 6 and 20 15, the consolidated balance sheets include liabilities of $9.5 million and $8.7 million, respectively, related to our provided medical plan benefits for eligible employees. We estimate this liability based on actual claims outstanding as of the balance sheet date as well as an actuarial estimate of claims incurred but not reported. This liability is reported net of estimated recoveries from excess loss reinsurance policies with unaffiliated insurers of $0.2 million and $0.3 million for fiscal 201 6 and 20 15, respectively. These amounts are recorded in Accounts payable and accrued expenses on the consolidated balance sheets.

Revenue Recognition

Self-moving rentals are recognized for the period that trucks and moving equipment are rented. Self-storage revenues, based upon the number of paid storage contract days, are recognized as earned during the period. Sales of self-moving and self-storage related products are recognized at the time that title passes and the customer accepts delivery. Property and casualty, traditional life and Medicare supplement insurance premiums are recognized as revenue over the policy periods. For products where premiums are due over a significantly shorter duration than the period over which benefits are provided, such as our single premium whole life product, premiums are recognized when received and excess profits are deferred and recognized in relation to the insurance in force. Interest and investment income are recognized as earned.

Amounts collected from customers for sales tax are recorded on a net basis.

Advertising

All advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising expense was $9.6 million, $7.5 million and $7.1 million in fiscal 201 6, 20 15 and 20 14, respectively.

Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs

Commissions and other costs that fluctuate with and are primarily related to the acquisition or renewal of certain insurance premiums are deferred. For our Life Insurance’s life and health insurance products, these costs are amortized, with interest, in relation to revenue such that costs are realized as a constant percentage of revenue. For its annuity insurance products the costs are amortized, with interest, in relation to the present value of actual and expected gross profits.

Starting in fiscal 2014, new annuity contract holders were provided with a sales inducement in the form of a premium bonus. Sales inducements are recognized as an asset with a corresponding increase to the policyholder liability and are amortized in a similar manner to Deferred Acquisition Cost. As of December 31, 201 5 and 2014, the Sales Inducement Asset included with Deferred Acquisition Cost s amounted to $24.6 million and $24.8 million, respectively on the consolidated balance sheet and amortization expense totaled $3.0 million $2.4 million and $2.1 million for the periods ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively .

Environmental Costs

Liabilities are recorded when environmental assessments and remedial efforts, if applicable, are probable and the costs can be reasonably estimated. The amount of the liability is based on management’s best estimate of undiscounted future costs. Certain recoverable environmental costs related to the removal of underground storage tanks or related contamination are capitalized and amortized over the estimated useful lives of the properties. These costs improve the safety or efficiency of the property or are incurred in preparing the property for sale.

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Income Taxes

AMERCO files a consolidated tax return with all of its legal subsidiaries. In accordance with ASC 740 - Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), the provision for income taxes reflects deferred income taxes resulting from changes in temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements.

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Comprehensive income (loss) consists of net earnings, foreign currency translation adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on investments, the change in fair value of cash flow hedges and the change in postretirement benefit obligation s.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, an updated standard on revenue recognition. The standard creates a five-step model for revenue recognition that requires companies to exercise judgment when considering contract terms and relevant facts and circumstances. The standard requires expanded disclosure surrounding revenue recognition. Early application is not permitted. The standard is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and allows for either full retrospective or modified retrospective adoption. In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, Deferral of Effective Date, which delays the effective date of ASU 2014-09 by one year to fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2017. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net), which is intended to improve the operability and understandability of the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations and the effective date is the same as requirements in ASU 2015-14. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on our consolidated financial statements.

In March 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs. The amendments in this update require that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. The recognition and measurement guidance for debt issuance costs are not affected by the amendments in this update. The guidance is effective for interim periods and annual period beginning after December 15, 2015; however early adoption is permitted. T he adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall (subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. ASU 2016-01 addresses certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial instruments. Among other provisions, the new guidance requires the fair value measurement of investments in certain equity securities. For investments without readily determinable fair values, entities have the option to either measure these investments at fair value or at cost adjusted for changes in observable prices minus impairment. All changes in measurement will be recognized in net income. The guidance is effective for interim periods and annual period beginning after December 15, 201 7. Early adoption is not permitted, except for certain provisions relating to financial liabilities. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on our consolidated financial statements.

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases - (Topic 842). This update will require lessees to recognize all leases with terms greater than 12 months on their balance sheet as lease liabilities with a corresponding right-of-use asset. This update maintains the dual model for lease accounting, requiring leases to be classified as either operating or finance, with lease classification determined in a manner similar to existing lease guidance. The basic principle is that leases of all types convey the right to direct the use and obtain substantially all the economic benefits of an identified asset, meaning they create an asset and liability for lessees. Lessees will classify leases as either finance leases (comparable to current capital leases) or operating leases (comparable to current operating leases). Costs for a finance lease will be split between amortization and interest expense, with a single lease expense reported for operating leases. This update also will require both qualitative and quantitative disclosures to help investors and other financial statement users better understand the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. . The guidance is effective for interim periods and annual period beginning after December 15, 201 8; however e arly adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on our consolidated financial statements. For the last nine years, we have reported a discounted estimate of the off-balance sheet lease obligations in our MD&A.

From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the FASB or the SEC that are adopted by us as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, these ASU’s entail technical corrections to existing guidance or affect guidance related to specialized industries or entities and therefore will have minimal, if any, impact on our financial position or results of operations upon adoption.

Note 4. Earnings Per Share

Our earnings per share is calculated by dividing our earnings available to common stockholders by the weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted.

The weighted average common shares outstanding exclude post-1992 shares of the employee stock ownership plan that have not been committed to be released. The unreleased shares, net of shares committed to be released, were 21,883; 12,470; and 33,173 as of March 31, 201 6, 20 15, and 20 14, respectively.

Note 5. Reinsurance Recoverables and Trade Receivables, Net

Reinsurance recoverables and trade receivables, net were as follows:

|  | March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015
|  | (In thousands)
Reinsurance recoverable | $ | 115,653 | $ | 130,734
Trade accounts receivable |  | 34,350 |  | 32,493
Paid losses recoverable |  | 1,697 |  | 1,690
Accrued investment income |  | 18,797 |  | 15,609
Premiums and agents' balances |  | 1,163 |  | 1,082
Independent dealer receivable |  | 390 |  | 154
Other receivables |  | 3,745 |  | 8,897
|  | 175,795 |  | 190,659
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts |  | (585) |  | (790)
| $ | 175,210 | $ | 189,869

Note 6. Investments

Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities as borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

We deposit bonds with insurance regulatory authorities to meet statutory requirements. The adjusted cost of bonds on deposit with insurance regulatory authorities was $17.3 million and $16.4 million at December 31, 201 5 and 20 14, respectively.

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Available-for-Sale Investments

Available-for-sale investments at March 31, 201 6 were as follows:

|  | Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses More than 12 Months |  | Gross Unrealized Losses Less than 12 Months |  | Estimated Market Value
|  | (In thousands)
U.S. treasury securities and government obligations | $ | 85,861 | $ | 3,791 | $ | – | $ | (193) | $ | 89,459
U.S. government agency mortgage-backed securities |  | 21,845 |  | 1,596 |  | (6) |  | (39) |  | 23,396
Obligations of states and political subdivisions |  | 166,725 |  | 10,660 |  | (81) |  | (414) |  | 176,890
Corporate securities |  | 1,143,125 |  | 26,861 |  | (8,013) |  | (28,181) |  | 1,133,792
Mortgage-backed securities |  | 42,991 |  | 475 |  | – |  | (62) |  | 43,404
Redeemable preferred stocks |  | 17,977 |  | 556 |  | – |  | (105) |  | 18,428
Common stocks |  | 17,732 |  | 7,822 |  | (10) |  | (375) |  | 25,169
| $ | 1,496,256 | $ | 51,761 | $ | (8,110) | $ | (29,369) | $ | 1,510,538

Available-for-sale investments at March 31, 20 15 were as follows:

|  | Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses More than 12 Months |  | Gross Unrealized Losses Less than 12 Months |  | Estimated Market Value
|  | (In thousands)
U.S. treasury securities and government obligations | $ | 99,722 | $ | 5,658 | $ | (64) | $ | – | $ | 105,316
U.S. government agency mortgage-backed securities |  | 30,569 |  | 2,614 |  | (39) |  | (3) |  | 33,141
Obligations of states and political subdivisions |  | 165,724 |  | 13,052 |  | (298) |  | (10) |  | 178,468
Corporate securities |  | 885,470 |  | 44,426 |  | (2,522) |  | (2,966) |  | 924,408
Mortgage-backed securities |  | 19,874 |  | 806 |  | (1) |  | – |  | 20,679
Redeemable preferred stocks |  | 18,052 |  | 521 |  | (253) |  | (24) |  | 18,296
Common stocks |  | 17,975 |  | 6,719 |  | – |  | (40) |  | 24,654
| $ | 1,237,386 | $ | 73,796 | $ | (3,177) | $ | (3,043) | $ | 1,304,962

The available-for-sale tables include gross unrealized losses that are not deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position.

We sold available-for-sale securities with a fair value of $150.7 million, $109.1 million and $170.0 million in fiscal 201 6, 20 15 and 20 14, respectively. The gross realized gains on these sales totaled $4.2 million, $4.6 million and $5.0 million in fiscal 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. We realized gross losses on these sales of $0.6 million, $0.7 million and $1.4 million in fiscal 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

The unrealized losses of more than twelve months in the available-for-sale table s are considered temporary declines. We track each investment with an unrealized loss and evaluate them on an individual basis for other-than-temporary impairments including obtaining corroborating opinions from third party sources, performing trend analysis and reviewing management’s future plans. Certain of these investments may have declines determined by management to be other-than-temporary and we recognized these write-downs through earnings. There were no write downs in fiscal 201 6, 201 5 and 201 4.

The investment portfolio primarily consists of corporate securities and U.S. government securities. We believe we monitor our investments as appropriate. Our methodology of assessing other-than-temporary impairments is based on security-specific analysis as of the balance sheet date and considers various factors, including the length of time to maturity, the extent to which the fair value has been less than the cost, the financial condition and the near-term prospects of the issuer, and whether the debtor is current on its contractually obligated interest and principal payments. Nothing has come to management’s attention that would lead to the belief that each issuer would not have the ability to meet the remaining contractual obligations of the security, including payment at maturity. We have the ability and intent not to sell our fixed maturity and common stock investments for a period of time sufficient to allow us to recover our costs.

The portion of other-than-temporary impairment related to a credit loss is recognized in earnings. The significant inputs utilized in the evaluation of mortgage backed securities credit losses include ratings, delinquency rates, and prepayment activity. The significant inputs utilized in the evaluation of asset backed securities credit losses include the time frame for principal recovery and the subordination and value of the underlying collateral.

There were no credit losses recognized in earnings for which a portion of an other-than-temporary impairment was recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss for fiscal 2016 or 2015.

The adjusted cost and estimated market value of available-for-sale investments by contractual maturity, were as follows:

|  | March 31, 2016 |  | March 31, 2015
|  | Amortized Cost |  | Estimated Market Value |  | Amortized Cost |  | Estimated Market Value
|  | (In thousands)
Due in one year or less | $ | 48,679 | $ | 49,146 | $ | 36,355 | $ | 37,055
Due after one year through five years |  | 250,576 |  | 256,597 |  | 198,488 |  | 209,404
Due after five years through ten years |  | 557,984 |  | 557,961 |  | 474,639 |  | 492,782
Due after ten years |  | 560,317 |  | 559,833 |  | 472,003 |  | 502,092
|  | 1,417,556 |  | 1,423,537 |  | 1,181,485 |  | 1,241,333
Mortgage backed securities |  | 42,991 |  | 43,404 |  | 19,874 |  | 20,679
Redeemable preferred stocks |  | 17,977 |  | 18,428 |  | 18,052 |  | 18,296
Equity securities |  | 17,732 |  | 25,169 |  | 17,975 |  | 24,654
| $ | 1,496,256 | $ | 1,510,538 | $ | 1,237,386 | $ | 1,304,962

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Investments, other

The carrying value of other investments was as follows:

|  | March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015
|  | (In thousands)
Mortgage loans, net | $ | 217,198 | $ | 161,851
Short-term investments |  | 34,798 |  | 47,739
Real estate |  | 34,416 |  | 34,597
Policy loans |  | 17,091 |  | 16,431
Other equity investments |  | 6,569 |  | 8,102
| $ | 310,072 | $ | 268,720

Mortgage loans are carried at the unpaid balance, less an allowance for probable losses net of any unamortized premium or discount. The allowance for probable losses was $0.4 million as of March 31, 201 6 and 201 5. The estimated fair value of these loans as of March 31, 201 6 and 201 5 approximated the carrying value. These loans represent first lien mortgages held by us.

Short-term investments consist primarily of investments in money market funds, mutual funds and any other investments with short-term characteristics that have original maturities of less than one year at acquisition. These investments are recorded at cost, which approximates fair value.

Real estate obtained through foreclosure and held for sale is carried at the lower of fair value at time of foreclosure or current estimated fair value less cost to sell. Other e quity investments are carried at cost and assessed for impairment.

Insurance policy loans are carried at their unpaid balance.

Note 7. Other Assets

Other assets were as follows:

|  | March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015
|  | (In thousands)
Deposits (debt-related) | $ | 30,660 | $ | 49,467
Cash surrender value of life insurance policies |  | 31,619 |  | 30,563
Deferred charges (debt-related) |  | 23,362 |  | 16,575
Other |  | 14,931 |  | 9,552
| $ | 100,572 | $ | 106,157

Note 8. Net Investment and Interest Income

Net investment and interest income, were as follows:

|  | Years Ended March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
|  | (In thousands)
Fixed maturities | $ | 63,641 | $ | 58,716 | $ | 53,634
Real estate |  | 3,775 |  | 2,669 |  | 1,118
Insurance policy loans |  | 1,188 |  | 1,072 |  | 1,159
Mortgage loans |  | 14,631 |  | 10,677 |  | 9,450
Short-term, amounts held by ceding reinsurers, net and other investments |  | 208 |  | 2,724 |  | 3,440
Investment income |  | 83,443 |  | 75,858 |  | 68,801
Less: investment expenses |  | (2,724) |  | (1,962) |  | (1,629)
Investment income - related party |  | 6,086 |  | 10,832 |  | 12,419
Net investment and interest income | $ | 86,805 | $ | 84,728 | $ | 79,591

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Note 9. Borrowings

Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt was as follows:

|  |  |  |  | March 31,
| 2016 Rate (a) |  | Maturities |  | 2016 |  | 2015
|  |  |  |  | (In thousands)
Real estate loan (amortizing term) | 6.93% |  | 2023 | $ | 205,000 | $ | 240,000
Senior mortgages | 2.44% - 5.50% |  | 2016 - 2038 |  | 1,121,897 |  | 717,512
Working capital loan (revolving credit) | - |  | 2018 |  | – |  | –
Fleet loans (amortizing term) | 1.95% - 4.76% |  | 2016 - 2022 |  | 218,998 |  | 202,784
Fleet loans (term) | 3.52% - 3.53% |  | 2016 |  | – |  | 115,000
Fleet loan (securitization) | 4.90% |  | 2017 |  | 62,838 |  | 75,846
Fleet loans (revolving credit) | 1.59% - 2.28% |  | 2018 - 2021 |  | 347,000 |  | 190,000
Capital leases (rental equipment) | 2.18% - 7.75% |  | 2016 - 2023 |  | 672,825 |  | 602,470
Other obligations | 3.00% - 8.00% |  | 2016 - 2045 |  | 60,200 |  | 47,257
Total notes, loans and leases payable |  |  |  | $ | 2,688,758 | $ | 2,190,869
(a) Interest rate as of March 31, 2016, including the effect of applicable hedging instruments

Real Estate Backed Loans

Real Estate Loan

Amerco Real Estate Company and certain of its subsidiaries and U-Haul Company of Florida are borrowers under a Real Estate Loan. As of March 31, 2016, the outstanding balance on the Real Estate Loan was $205.0 million. U-Haul International, Inc. is a guarantor of this loan. The Real Estate Loan requires monthly principal and interest payments, with the unpaid loan balance and accrued and unpaid interest due at maturity. The Real Estate Loan is secured by various properties owned by the borrowers. The final maturity of the term loan is April 20 23.

The interest rate, per the provisions of the amended loan agreement, is the applicable London Inter-Bank Offer Rate (“LIBOR”) plus the applicable margin. At March 31, 2016, the applicable LIBOR was 0.45% and the applicable margin was 1.50%, the sum of which was 1.95%. The rate on the Real Estate Loan is hedged with an interest rate swap fixing the rate at 6.93% based on current margin. The interest rate swap expires in August 2018, after which date the remaining balance will incur interest at a rate of LIBOR plus a margin of 1.50%. The default provisions of the Real Estate Loan include non-payment of principal or interest and other standard reporting and change-in-control covenants. There are limited restrictions regarding our use of the funds.

Senior Mortgages

Various subsidiaries of Amerco Real Estate Company and U-Haul International, Inc. are borrowers under certain senior mortgages. These senior mortgage loan balances as of March 31, 2016 were in the aggregate amount of $1,121.9 million and mature between 2016 and 2038. The senior mortgages require monthly principal and interest payments with the unpaid loan balance and accrued and unpaid interest due at maturity. The senior mortgages are secured by certain properties owned by the borrowers. The fixed interest rates, per the provisions of the senior mortgages, range between 4.2 0% and 5.50%. Certain senior mortgages have an anticipated repayment date and a maturity date. If these senior mortgages are not repaid by the anticipated repayment date the interest rate on these mortgages would increase from the current fixed rate. We are using the anticipated repayment date for our maturity schedule. Ad ditionally, $136.6 million of these loans have variable interest rates comprised of applicable LIBOR base rate of 0.44% plus margins between 2.00% and 2.50%, the sum of which was between 2.44% and 2.94%. Amerco Real Estate Company and U-Haul International, Inc. have provided limited guarantees of the senior mortgages. The default provisions of the senior mortgages include non-payment of principal or interest and other standard reporting and change-in-control covenants. There are limited restrictions regarding our use of the funds.

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Working Capital Loans

Amerco Real Estate Company is a borrower under an asset backed working capital loan. The maximum amount that can be drawn at any one time is $25.0 million. At March 31, 2016 the full $25.0 million was available to be drawn. This loan is secured by certain properties owned by the borrower. This loan agreement provides for revolving loans, subject to the terms of the loan agreement. This agreement was amended on April 30, 2016. As part of the amendment the maximum amount that can be borrowed was increased to $50 million and the maturity date was extended to September 2018. Th is loan requires monthly interest payments with the unpaid loan balance and accrued and unpaid interest due at maturity. U-Haul International, Inc. and AMERCO are the guarantors of this loan. The default provisions of the loan include non-payment of principal or interest and other standard reporting and change-in-control covenants. The interest rate is the applicable LIBOR plus a margin of 1.25%.

Fleet Loans

Rental Truck Amortizing Loans

U-Haul International, Inc. and several of its subsidiaries are borrowers under amortizing term loans. The balance of the loans as of March 31, 2016 was $219.0 million with the final maturities between April 2016 and July 2022.

The Amortizing Loans require monthly principal and interest payments, with the unpaid loan balance and accrued and unpaid interest due at maturity. These loans were used to purchase new trucks. The interest rates, per the provision of the Loan Agreements, are the applicable LIBOR plus the applicable margin s. At March 31, 2016, the applicable LIBOR was between 0.44% and 0.45% and applicable margins were between 1.72% and 2.50%. The interest rates are hedged with interest rate swaps fixing the rates between 2.82% and 4.76% based on current margins. Additionally, $137.6 million of these loans are carried at fixed rates ranging between 1.95% and 3.94%.

AMERCO and U-Haul International, Inc. are guarantors of these loans. The default provisions of these loans include non-payment of principal or interest and other standard reporting and change-in-control covenants.

Rental Truck Securitizations

2010 U-Haul S Fleet and its subsidiaries (collectively, “2010 USF”) issued a $155.0 million asset-backed note (“2010 Box Truck Note”). 2010 USF is a bankruptcy-remote special purpose entity wholly-owned by U-Haul International, Inc. The net proceeds from the securitized transaction were used to finance new box truck purchases. U.S. Bank, NA acts as the trustee for this securitization.

The 2010 Box Truck Note has a fixed interest rate of 4.90% with an expected final maturity of October 2017. At March 31, 2016, the outstanding balance was $62.8 million. The note is secur ed by the box trucks purchased and the corresponding operating cash flows associated with their operation.

The 2010 Box Truck Note is subject to certain covenants with respect to liens, additional indebtedness of the special purpose entity, the disposition of assets and other customary covenants of bankruptcy-remote special purpose entities. The default provisions of this note include non-payment of principal or interest and other standard reporting and change-in-control covenants.

Rental Truck Revolvers

Various subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. entered into a revolving fleet loan for $75 million, which can be increased to a maximum of $225 million. The loan matures in Septem ber 2018. The interest rate, per the provision of the Loan Agreement, is the applicable LIBOR plus the applicable margin. At March 31, 2016, the applicable LIBOR was 0.44% and the margin was 1.75%, the sum of which was 2.19%. Only interest is paid during the first four years of the loan with principal due monthly over the last nine months. As of March 31, 2016, the outstanding balance was $57.0 million.

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Various subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. entered into a revolving fleet loan for $100 million, which can be increased to a maximum of $125 million. This loan was amended in February 2016 pursuant to which t he matur ity was extended to March 2020. The interest rate, per the provision of the Loan Agreement, is the applicable LIBOR plus the applicable margin. At March 31, 2016, the applicable LIBOR was 0.44% and the margin was 1.15%, the sum of which was 1.59%. Only interest is paid during the first three years of the loan with principal due monthly over the last nine months. As of March 31, 2016, the outstanding balance was $100.0 million.

Various subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. entered into a revolving fleet loan for $70 million. The loan matures in May 2019. This agreement contains an option to extend the maturity through January 2020. At March 31, 2016, the applicable LIBOR was 0.43% and the margin was 1.85%, the sum of which was 2.28%. Only interest is paid during the first five years of the loan with principal due upon maturity. As of March 31, 2016, the outstanding balance was $65.0 million.

Various subsidiaries of U-Haul International, Inc. entered into a revolving fleet loan for $12 5 million. The loan matures in November 2021. The interest rate, per the provision of the Loan Agreement, is the applicable LIBOR plus the applicable margin. At March 31, 2016, the applicable LIBOR was 0.44% and the margin was 1.1 5%, the sum of which was 1.59%. Only interest is paid during the first f ive years of the loan with principal due monthly over the last nine months. As of March 31, 2016, the outstanding balance was $125.0 million.

Capital Leases

We regularly enter into capital leases for new equipment with the terms of the leases between 5 and 7 years. During fiscal 2016, we entered into $241.7 million of capial leases. At March 31, 2016, the balance of our capital leases was $672.8 million. The net book value of the corresponding capitalized assets was $900.6 million at March 31, 2016.

Other Obligations

In February 2011, the Company and U.S. Bank, NA (the “Trustee”) entered into the U-Haul Investors Club Indenture. The Company and the Trustee entered into this indenture to provide for the issuance of notes by us directly to investors over our proprietary website, uhaulinvestorsclub.com (“U-Notes”). The U-Notes are secured by various types of collateral including rental equipment and real estate. U-Notes are issued in smaller series that vary as to principal amount, interest rate and maturity. U-Notes are obligations of the Company and secured by the associated collateral; they are not guaranteed by any of the Company’s affiliates or subsidiaries.

At March 31, 2016, the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the U-N otes issued was $65.8 million of which $5.6 million is held by our insurance subsidiaries and eliminated in consolidation. I nterest rates range between 3.00% and 8.00% and maturity dates range between 2016 and 2 045.

Our Life Insurance subsidiary is a member of the FHLB and as such has a deposit with the FHLB. As of December 31, 2015, they have a deposit of $30.0 million which carried a rate of 0.39%. The rate is calculated daily based upon a spread of the overnight FED funds benchmark and is payable monthly. The deposit does not have a scheduled maturity date. The balance of the deposit is included within the balance of Liabilities from investment contracts on the consolidated balance sheet.

Annual Maturities of Notes, Loans and Leases Payable

The annual maturities of long-term debt as of March 31, 201 6 for the next five years and thereafter are as follows:

|  | Year Ended March 31,
|  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2019 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | Thereafter
|  | (In thousands)
Notes, loans and leases payable, secured | $ | 353,807 | $ | 348,984 | $ | 297,534 | $ | 416,616 | $ | 155,403 | $ | 1,116,414

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Note 1 0. Interest on Borrowings

Interest Expense

Components of interest expense include the following:

|  | Years Ended March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
|  | (In thousands)
Interest expense | $ | 85,592 | $ | 80,905 | $ | 72,538
Capitalized interest |  | (3,623) |  | (1,204) |  | (571)
Amortization of transaction costs |  | 3,235 |  | 3,495 |  | 3,551
Interest expense resulting from derivatives |  | 12,699 |  | 14,329 |  | 17,174
Total interest expense |  | 97,903 |  | 97,525 |  | 92,692
Write-off of transaction costs related to early extinguishment of debt |  | – |  | 298 |  | –
Fees on early extinguishment of debt |  | – |  | 3,783 |  | –
Fees and amortization on early extinguishment of debt |  | – |  | 4,081 |  | –
Total | $ | 97,903 | $ | 101,606 | $ | 92,692

Interest paid in cash, including payments related to derivative contracts, amounted to $95.1 million, $95.0 million and $87.8 million for fiscal 201 6, 20 15 and 20 14, respectively. In addition, during fiscal 2015, we paid $3.8 million of fees associated with the early extinguishment of debt.

Interest Rates

Interest rates and our revolving credit borrowings were as follows:

|  | Revolving Credit Activity
|  | Years Ended March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
|  | (In thousands, except interest rates)
Weighted average interest rate during the year |  | 1.67% |  | 1.70% |  | 1.10%
Interest rate at year end |  | 1.82% |  | 1.65% |  | 1.78%
Maximum amount outstanding during the year | $ | 347,000 | $ | 232,000 | $ | 89,632
Average amount outstanding during the year | $ | 237,372 | $ | 187,004 | $ | 18,658
Facility fees | $ | 201 | $ | 336 | $ | 301

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

N ote 1 1. Derivatives

We manage exposure to changes in market interest rates. Our use of derivative instruments is limited to highly effective interest rate swaps to hedge the risk of changes in cash flows (future interest payments) attributable to changes in LIBOR swap rates, the designated benchmark interest rate being hedged on certain of our LIBOR indexed variable rate debt and a variable rate operating lease. The interest rate swaps effectively fix our interest payments on certain LIBOR indexed variable rate debt. We monitor our positions and the credit rating s of its counterparties and do not currently anticipate non-performance by the counterparties. Interest rate swap agreements are not entered into for trading purposes.

| Original variable rate debt and lease amount |  | Agreement Date |  | Effective Date |  | Expiration Date |  | Designated cash flow hedge date
| (In millions) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
$ | 300.0 |  |  | 8/16/2006 |  | 8/18/2006 |  | 8/10/2018 |  | 8/4/2006
| 14.7 | (a) |  | 7/6/2010 |  | 8/15/2010 |  | 7/15/2017 |  | 7/6/2010
| 25.0 | (a) |  | 4/26/2011 |  | 6/1/2011 |  | 6/1/2018 |  | 6/1/2011
| 50.0 | (a) |  | 7/29/2011 |  | 8/15/2011 |  | 8/15/2018 |  | 7/29/2011
| 20.0 | (a) |  | 8/3/2011 |  | 9/12/2011 |  | 9/10/2018 |  | 8/3/2011
| 15.1 | (b) |  | 3/27/2012 |  | 3/28/2012 |  | 3/28/2019 |  | 3/26/2012
| 25.0 |  |  | 4/13/2012 |  | 4/16/2012 |  | 4/1/2019 |  | 4/12/2012
| 44.3 |  |  | 1/11/2013 |  | 1/15/2013 |  | 12/15/2019 |  | 1/11/2013
| (a) forward swap
| (b) operating lease

As of March 31, 201 6, the total notional amount of our variable interest rate swaps on debt and an operating lease was $282.1 million and $9.3 million, respectively.

The derivative fair values located in Accounts payable and accrued expenses in the balance sheets were as follows:

|  | Liability Derivative Fair Value as of
|  | March 31, 2016 |  | March 31, 2015
|  | (In thousands)
Interest rate contracts designated as hedging instruments | $ | 14,845 | $ | 24,484

|  | The Effect of Interest Rate
|  | Contracts on the Statements of Operations
|  | Years Ended March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
|  | (In thousands)
Loss recognized in income on interest rate contracts | $ | 12,699 | $ | 14,329 | $ | 17,174
Gain recognized in AOCI on interest rate contracts (effective portion) | $ | (9,721) | $ | (8,203) | $ | (19,317)
Loss reclassified from AOCI into income (effective portion) | $ | 12,616 | $ | 14,358 | $ | 16,691
(Gain) loss recognized in income on interest rate contracts (ineffective portion and amount excluded from effectiveness testing) | $ | 83 | $ | (29) | $ | 483

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Gains or losses recognized in income on derivatives are recorded as interest expense in the statements of operations. During fiscal 201 6, we recognized a n increase in the fair value of our cash flows hedges of $6.0 million, net of taxes. Embedded in this change was $12.6 million of losses reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to interest expense during the year, net of taxes. At March 31, 201 6, we expect to reclassify $9.0 million of net losses on interest rate contracts from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to earnings as interest expense over the next twelve months. Please see Note 3, Accounting Policies in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Note 1 2. Stockholders’ Equity

Common Stock Dividends
Declared Date |  | Per Share Amount |  | Record Date |  | Dividend Date
March 15, 2016 | $ | 1.00 |  | April 5, 2016 |  | April 21, 2016
August 28, 2015 |  | 3.00 |  | September 16, 2015 |  | October 2, 2015
June 4, 2015 |  | 1.00 |  | June 19, 2015 |  | July 1, 2015
February 4, 2015 |  | 1.00 |  | March 6, 2015 |  | March 17, 2015
December 4, 2013 |  | 1.00 |  | January 10, 2014 |  | February 14, 2014

Note 1 3. Provision for Taxes

Earnings before taxes and the provision for taxes consisted of the following:

|  | Years Ended March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
|  | (In thousands)
Pretax earnings: |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. | $ | 745,194 | $ | 541,371 | $ | 516,207
Non-U.S. |  | 23,717 |  | 20,047 |  | 21,315
Total pretax earnings | $ | 768,911 | $ | 561,418 | $ | 537,522
Current provision (benefit) |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal | $ | 118,974 | $ | 112,634 | $ | 131,246
State |  | 15,988 |  | 14,248 |  | 12,641
Non-U.S. |  | 3,303 |  | 2,599 |  | 3,787
|  | 138,265 |  | 129,481 |  | 147,674
Deferred provision (benefit) |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal |  | 125,950 |  | 67,306 |  | 37,979
State |  | 12,561 |  | 5,256 |  | 7,553
Non-U.S. |  | 3,134 |  | 2,634 |  | 1,925
|  | 141,645 |  | 75,196 |  | 47,457
Provision for income tax expense | $ | 279,910 | $ | 204,677 | $ | 195,131
Income taxes paid (net of income tax refunds received) | $ | 141,901 | $ | 195,072 | $ | 138,384

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

The difference between the tax provision at the statutory federal income tax rate and the tax provision attributable to income before taxes was as follows:

|  | Years Ended March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
Statutory federal income tax rate |  | 35.00% |  | 35.00% |  | 35.00%
Increase (reduction) in rate resulting from: |  |  |  |  |  |
State taxes, net of federal benefit |  | 2.34% |  | 2.21% |  | 2.38%
Foreign rate differential |  | (0.24)% |  | (0.32)% |  | (0.33)%
Federal tax credits |  | (0.19)% |  | (0.29)% |  | (0.32)%
Dividend received deduction |  | (0.02)% |  | (0.03)% |  | (0.03)%
Other |  | (0.49)% |  | (0.11)% |  | (0.40)%
Actual tax expense of operations |  | 36.40% |  | 36.46% |  | 36.30%

Significant components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities were as follows:

|  | March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015
|  | (In thousands)
Deferred tax assets: |  |  |  |
Net operating loss and credit carry forwards | $ | 1,462 | $ | 1,228
Accrued expenses |  | 185,088 |  | 171,761
Policy benefit and losses, claims and loss expenses payable, net |  | 21,911 |  | 19,560
Unrealized losses |  | – |  | –
Total deferred tax assets | $ | 208,461 | $ | 192,549
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment | $ | 831,914 | $ | 680,501
Deferred policy acquisition costs |  | 20,557 |  | 18,369
Unrealized gains |  | 9,593 |  | 20,216
Other |  | 9 |  | 262
Total deferred tax liabilities |  | 862,073 |  | 719,348
Net deferred tax liability | $ | 653,612 | $ | 526,799

The net operating loss and credit carry-forwards in the above table are primarily attributable to $22.0 million of state net operating losses that will begin to expire March 31, 201 7 if not utilized.

ASC 740 prescribes a minimum recognition and measurement methodology that a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements. The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits at March 31, 20 15 was $19.9 million. This entire amount of unrecognized tax benefits if resolved in our favor, would favorably impact our effective tax rate. During the current year we recorded tax expense (net of settlements), resulting from uncertain tax positions in the amount of $4.0 million. At March 31, 201 6, the amount of unrecognized tax benefits and the amount that would favorably affect our effective tax rate was $23.9 million.

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

A reconciliation of the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits at the beginning and end of the period are as follows:

|  | Unrecognized Tax Benefits
|  | March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015
|  | (In thousands)
Unrecognized tax benefits beginning balance | $ | 19,929 | $ | 16,850
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year |  | 4,313 |  | 3,695
Reductions for tax positions of prior years |  | (327) |  | (616)
Settlements |  | (3) |  | –
Unrecognized tax benefits ending balance | $ | 23,912 | $ | 19,929

We recognize interest related to unrecognized tax benefits as interest expense, and penalties as operating expenses. At March 31, 20 15, the amount of interest and penalties accrued on unrecognized tax benefits was $5.2 million, net of tax. During the current year we recorded expense from interest and penalties in the amount of $0.7 million, net of tax. At March 31, 201 6, the amount of interest and penalties accrued on unrecognized tax benefits was $5.9 million, net of tax.

We file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and various states and foreign jurisdictions. With some exceptions, we are no longer subject to audit for years prior to the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013. No provision was made for U.S. taxes payable on undistributed foreign earnings since these amounts are permanently reinvested; the amount of this unrecognized deferred tax liability is not practical to determine at this time.

Note 1 4. Employee Benefit Plans

Profit Sharing Plans

We provide tax-qualified profit sharing retirement plans for the benefit of eligible employees, former employees and retirees in the U.S. and Canada. The plans are designed to provide employees with an accumulation of funds for retirement on a tax-deferred basis and provide for annual discretionary employer contributions. Amounts to be contributed are determined by the President and Chairman of the Board of the Company under the delegation of authority from the Board, pursuant to the terms of the Profit Sharing Plan. No contributions were made to the profit sharing plan during fiscal 201 6, 20 15 or 20 14.

We also provide an employee savings plan which allows participants to defer income under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.

ESOP Plan

We sponsor a leveraged ESOP that generally covers all employees with one year or more of service. The ESOP shares initially were pledged as collateral for its debt which was originally funded by U-Haul. As the debt is repaid, shares are released from collateral and allocated to active employees, based on the proportion of debt service paid in the year. ESOP shares are committed to be released monthly and ESOP compensation expense is recorded based on the current market price at the end of the month. These shares then become outstanding for the earnings per share computations. ESOP compensation expense was $11.6 million, $6.9 million and $6.6 million for fiscal 201 6, 20 15 and 20 14, respectively. Listed below is a summary of these financing arrangements as of fiscal year-end:

|  | Outstanding as of |  | Interest Payments
Financing Date |  | March 31, 2016 |  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
|  | (In thousands)
June, 1991 | $ | 46 | $ | 10 | $ | 48 | $ | 53
July, 2009 |  | 991 |  | 33 |  | 31 |  | 17
February, 2016 |  | 5,000 |  | – |  | – |  | –

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Leveraged contributions to the Plan Trust during fiscal 201 6, 201 5 and 201 4 were $0.4 million, $1.0 million and $0.7 million, respectively. In fiscal 2016 and 2015, the Company made non-leveraged contribution s of $4.0 and $8.0 million, respectively to the Plan Trust. In fiscal 2014, $0.6 million of common stock dividends paid to unallocated shares was applied towards debt service.

Shares held by the Plan were as follows:

|  | Years Ended March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015
|  | (In thousands)
Allocated shares |  | 1,203 |  | 1,249
Unreleased shares - leveraged |  | 22 |  | 14
Fair value of unreleased shares - leveraged | $ | 8,072 | $ | 4,781
Unreleased shares - non-leveraged |  | 8 |  | 25
Fair value of unreleased shares - non-leveraged | $ | 2,756 | $ | 8,242

The fair value of unreleased shares issued prior to 1992 is defined as the historical cost of such shares. The fair value of unreleased shares issued subsequent to December 31, 1992 is defined as the trading value of such shares as of March 31, 201 6 and March 31, 201 5, respectively.

Post Retirement and Post Employment Benefits

We provide medical and life insurance benefits to our eligible employees and their dependents upon retirement from the Company. The retirees must have attained age sixty-five and earned twenty years of full-time service upon retirement for coverage under the medical plan. The medical benefits are capped at a $20,000 lifetime maximum per covered person. The benefits are coordinated with Medicare and any other medical policies in force. Retirees who have attained age sixty-five and earned at least ten years of full-time service upon retirement from the Company are entitled to group term life insurance benefits. The life insurance benefit is $2,000 plus $100 for each year of employment over ten years. The plan is not funded and claims are paid as they are incurred. We use a March 31 measurement date for our post retirement benefit disclosures.

The components of net periodic post retirement benefit cost were as follows:

|  | Years Ended March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
|  | (In thousands)
Service cost for benefits earned during the period | $ | 961 | $ | 827 | $ | 726
Interest cost on accumulated postretirement benefit |  | 752 |  | 720 |  | 564
Other components |  | 35 |  | 14 |  | 19
Net periodic postretirement benefit cost | $ | 1,748 | $ | 1,561 | $ | 1,309

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

The fiscal 201 6 and fiscal 20 15 post retirement benefit liability included the following components:

|  | Years Ended March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015
|  | (In thousands)
Beginning of year | $ | 18,554 | $ | 16,119
Service cost for benefits earned during the period |  | 961 |  | 827
Interest cost on accumulated post retirement benefit |  | 752 |  | 720
Net benefit payments and expense |  | (541) |  | (450)
Actuarial loss |  | 1,065 |  | 1,338
Accumulated postretirement benefit obligation |  | 20,791 |  | 18,554
Current liabilities |  | 658 |  | 513
Non-current liabilities |  | 20,133 |  | 18,041
Total post retirement benefit liability recognized in statement of financial position |  | 20,791 |  | 18,554
Components included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss): |  |  |  |
Unrecognized net loss |  | (2,847) |  | (1,817)
Cumulative net periodic benefit cost (in excess of employer contribution) | $ | 17,944 | $ | 16,737

The discount rate assumptions in computing the information above were as follows:

|  | Years Ended March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
|  | (In percentages)
Accumulated postretirement benefit obligation |  | 3.89% |  | 3.99% |  | 4.49%

In December 2003, the Medicare Prescription Drug Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 became law. Net periodic post retirement benefit cost above include s the effect of the subsidy. The discount rate represents the expected yield on a portfolio of high grade (AA to AAA rated or equivalent) fixed income investments with cash flow streams sufficient to satisfy benefit obligations under the plan when due. Fluctuations in the discount rate assumptions primarily reflect changes in U.S. interest rates. The assumed health care cost trend rate used to measure the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation as of the end of fiscal 201 6 was 7.3% in the initial year and was projected to decline annually to an ultimate rate of 4.5% in fiscal 2038. The assumed health care cost trend rate used to measure the accumulated post retirement benefit obligation as of the end of fiscal 20 15 (and used to measure the fiscal 20 16 net periodic benefit cost) was 7.3% in the initial year and was projected to decline annually to an ultimate rate of 4.5% in fiscal 2029.

If the estimated health care cost trend rate assumptions were increased by one percent, the accumulated post retirement benefit obligation as of fiscal year-end would increase by $219,243 and the total of the service cost and interest cost components would increase by $26,180. A decrease in the estimated health care cost trend rate assumption of one percent would decrease the accumulated post retirement benefit obligation as of fiscal year-end by $314,603 and the total of the service cost and interest cost components would decrease by $30,103.

Post employment benefits provided by us, other than upon retirement, are not material.

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Future net benefit payments are expected as follows:

|  | Future Net Benefit Payments
|  | (In thousands)
Year-ended: |  |
2017 | $ | 658
2018 |  | 773
2019 |  | 914
2020 |  | 1,073
2021 |  | 1,263
2022 through 2026 |  | 9,169
Total | $ | 13,850

Note 1 5. Fair Value Measurements

Fair values of cash equivalents approximate carrying value due to the short period of time to maturity. Fair values of short term investments, investments available-for-sale, long term investments, mortgage loans and notes on real estate, and interest rate swap contracts are based on quoted market prices, dealer quotes or discounted cash flows. Fair values of trade receivables approximate their recorded value.

Our financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of temporary cash investments, trade receivables, reinsurance recoverables and notes receivable. Limited credit risk exists on trade receivables due to the diversity of our customer base and their dispersion across broad geographic markets. We place our temporary cash investments with financial institutions and limit the amount of credit exposure to any one financial institution.

We have mortgage receivables, which potentially expose us to credit risk. The portfolio of notes is principally collateralized by self-storage facilities and commercial properties. We have not experienced any material losses related to the notes from individual or groups of notes in any particular industry or geographic area. The estimated fair values were determined using the discounted cash flow method and using interest rates currently offered for similar loans to borrowers with similar credit ratings.

The carrying amount of long term debt and short term borrowings are estimated to approximate fair value as the actual interest rate is consistent with the rate estimated to be currently available for debt of similar term and remaining maturity.

Other investments including short term investments are substantially current or bear reasonable interest rates. As a result, the carrying values of these financial instruments approximate fair value.

A ssets and liabilities are recorded at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets and are measured and classified based upon a three tiered approach to valuation. ASC 820 - Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”) requires that financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:

Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;

Level 2 – Quoted prices for identical or similar financial instruments in markets that are not considered to be active, or similar financial instruments for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly, or inputs other than quoted prices that are observable, or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data through correlation or other means; and

Level 3 – Prices or valuations that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and are unobservable. These reflect management’s assumptions about the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability.

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The following table s represent the financial assets and liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheet at March 31, 201 6 and 2015, that are subject to ASC 820 and the valuation approach applied to each of these items.

Year Ended March 31, 2016 |  | Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
|  | (In thousands)
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Short-term investments | $ | 499,491 | $ | 499,491 | $ | – | $ | –
Fixed maturities - available for sale |  | 1,466,941 |  | 96,328 |  | 1,370,275 |  | 338
Preferred stock |  | 18,428 |  | 18,428 |  | – |  | –
Common stock |  | 25,169 |  | 25,169 |  | – |  | –
Derivatives |  | 3,344 |  | 3,344 |  | – |  | –
Total | $ | 2,013,373 | $ | 642,760 | $ | 1,370,275 | $ | 338
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Guaranteed residual values of TRAC leases | $ | – | $ | – | $ | – | $ | –
Derivatives |  | 14,845 |  | – |  | 14,845 |  | –
Total | $ | 14,845 | $ | – | $ | 14,845 | $ | –

Year Ended March 31, 2015 |  | Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
|  | (In thousands)
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Short-term investments | $ | 460,762 | $ | 460,762 | $ | – | $ | –
Fixed maturities - available for sale |  | 1,262,012 |  | 101,201 |  | 1,159,807 |  | 1,004
Preferred stock |  | 18,296 |  | 18,296 |  | – |  | –
Common stock |  | 24,654 |  | 24,654 |  | – |  | –
Derivatives |  | 4,876 |  | 4,876 |  | – |  | –
Total | $ | 1,770,600 | $ | 609,789 | $ | 1,159,807 | $ | 1,004
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Guaranteed residual values of TRAC leases | $ | – | $ | – | $ | – | $ | –
Derivatives |  | 24,484 |  | – |  | 24,484 |  | –
Total | $ | 24,484 | $ | – | $ | 24,484 | $ | –

In light of our definition of an active market at the end of the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016, we reclassified $1,079.0 million and $895.7 million of fixed maturities – available for sale from Level 1 to Level 2 due to a review of their trading activity for fiscal 2016 and 2015, respectively.

The following tables represent the fair value measurements for our assets at March 31, 201 6 using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).

|  | Fixed Maturities - Asset Backed Securities
|  | (In thousands)
Balance at March 31, 2015 | $ | 1,004
Fixed Maturities - Asset Backed Securities - redeemed |  | (753)
Fixed Maturities - Asset Backed Securities - net gain (realized) |  | 34
Fixed Maturities - Asset Backed Securities - net gain (unrealized) |  | 53
Balance at March 31, 2016 | $ | 338

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Note 1 6. Reinsurance and Policy Benefits and Losses, Claims and Loss Expenses Payable

During their normal course of business, our insurance subsidiaries assume and cede reinsurance on both a coinsurance and a risk premium basis. They also obtain reinsurance for that portion of risks exceeding their retention limits. The maximum amount of life insurance retained on any one life is $110,000.

|  | Direct Amount (a) |  | Ceded to Other Companies |  | Assumed from Other Companies |  | Net Amount (a) |  | Percentage of Amount Assumed to Net
|  | (In thousands)
Year ended December 31, 2015 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Life insurance in force | $ | 927,647 | $ | 397 | $ | 949,413 | $ | 1,876,663 |  | 51%
Premiums earned: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Life | $ | 49,126 | $ | 8 | $ | 11,310 | $ | 60,428 |  | 19%
Accident and health |  | 99,354 |  | 312 |  | 2,545 |  | 101,587 |  | 3%
Annuity |  | 392 |  | – |  | 255 |  | 647 |  | 39%
Property and casualty |  | 50,012 |  | – |  | 8 |  | 50,020 |  | 0%
Total | $ | 198,884 | $ | 320 | $ | 14,118 | $ | 212,682 |  |
Year ended December 31, 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Life insurance in force | $ | 905,987 | $ | 402 | $ | 990,406 | $ | 1,895,991 |  | 52%
Premiums earned: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Life | $ | 47,298 | $ | – | $ | 12,337 | $ | 59,635 |  | 21%
Accident and health |  | 93,319 |  | 345 |  | 2,796 |  | 95,770 |  | 3%
Annuity |  | 386 |  | – |  | 312 |  | 698 |  | 45%
Property and casualty |  | 46,417 |  | – |  | 39 |  | 46,456 |  | 0%
Total | $ | 187,420 | $ | 345 | $ | 15,484 | $ | 202,559 |  |
Year ended December 31, 2013 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Life insurance in force | $ | 861,967 | $ | 403 | $ | 1,033,136 | $ | 1,894,700 |  | 55%
Premiums earned: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Life | $ | 45,625 | $ | 212 | $ | 12,888 | $ | 58,301 |  | 22%
Accident and health |  | 95,536 |  | 397 |  | 3,157 |  | 98,296 |  | 3%
Annuity |  | 847 |  | 23 |  | 498 |  | 1,322 |  | 38%
Property and casualty |  | 40,685 |  | – |  | 367 |  | 41,052 |  | 1%
Total | $ | 182,693 | $ | 632 | $ | 16,910 | $ | 198,971 |  |

(a) Balances are reported net of inter-segment transactions.

To the extent that a reinsurer is unable to meet its obligation under the related reinsurance agreements, Rep w est would remain liable for the unpaid losses and loss expenses. Pursuant to c ertain of these agreements, Repw est holds letters of credit as of December 31, 2015 in the amount of $0.5 million from re-insurers and has issued letters of credit in the amount of $1.9 million in favor of certain ceding companies.

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Policy benefits and losses, claims and loss expenses payable for Property and Casualty Insurance were as follows:

|  | December 31,
|  | 2015 |  | 2014
|  | (In thousands)
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expense | $ | 251,964 | $ | 271,609
Reinsurance losses payable |  | 855 |  | 135
Total | $ | 252,819 | $ | 271,744

Activity in the liability for unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses for Property and Casualty Insurance is summarized as follows:

|  | December 31,
|  | 2015 |  | 2014 |  | 2013
|  | (In thousands)
Balance at January 1 | $ | 271,609 | $ | 295,126 | $ | 330,093
Less: reinsurance recoverable |  | 120,894 |  | 136,535 |  | 176,439
Net balance at January 1 |  | 150,715 |  | 158,591 |  | 153,654
Incurred related to: |  |  |  |  |  |
Current year |  | 12,214 |  | 11,690 |  | 9,861
Prior years |  | 84 |  | (694) |  | 1,652
Total incurred |  | 12,298 |  | 10,996 |  | 11,513
Paid related to: |  |  |  |  |  |
Current year |  | 7,509 |  | 6,155 |  | 5,226
Prior years |  | 10,851 |  | 12,717 |  | 1,350
Total paid |  | 18,360 |  | 18,872 |  | 6,576
Net balance at December 31 |  | 144,653 |  | 150,715 |  | 158,591
Plus: reinsurance recoverable |  | 107,311 |  | 120,894 |  | 136,535
Balance at December 31 | $ | 251,964 | $ | 271,609 | $ | 295,126

The liability for incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses (net of reinsurance recoverable of $107.3 million) decreased by $6.1 million in 2015.

Note 1 7. Contingent Liabilities and Commitments

We lease a portion of our rental equipment and certain of our facilities under operating leases with terms that expire at various dates substantially through 2019. As of March 31, 201 6, we have guaranteed $22.3 million of residual values for these rental equipment assets at the end of the respective lease terms. Certain leases contain renewal and fair market value purchase options as well as mileage and other restrictions. At the expiration of the lease, we have the option to renew the lease, purchase the asset for fair market value, or sell the asset to a third party on behalf of the lessor. We have been leasing equipment since 1987 and ha ve experienced no material losses relating to these types of residual value guarantees.

Lease expenses were as follows:

|  | Years Ended March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
|  | (In thousands)
Lease expense | $ | 49,780 | $ | 79,798 | $ | 100,466

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Operating l ease commitments for leases having terms of more than one year were as follows:

|  | Property, Plant and Equipment |  | Rental Equipment |  | Total
|  | (In thousands)
Year-ended March 31: |  |  |  |  |  |
2017 | $ | 16,360 | $ | 14,433 | $ | 30,793
2018 |  | 15,457 |  | 10,989 |  | 26,446
2019 |  | 14,313 |  | 9,058 |  | 23,371
2020 |  | 14,132 |  | 1,310 |  | 15,442
2021 |  | 14,029 |  | – |  | 14,029
Thereafter |  | 47,473 |  | – |  | 47,473
Total | $ | 121,764 | $ | 35,790 | $ | 157,554

N ote 18. Contingencies

PODS Enterprises, Inc. v. U-Haul International, Inc.

On July 3, 2012, PODS Enterprises, Inc. (“PEI”), filed a lawsuit against U-Haul International, Inc. (“U-Haul”), in the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida, Tampa Division, alleging (1) Federal Trademark Infringement under Section 32 of the Lanham Act, (2) Federal Unfair Competition under Section 43(a) of the Lanham Act, (3) Federal Trademark dilution by blurring in violation of Section 43(c) of the Lanham Act, (4) common law trademark infringement under Florida law, (5) violation of the Florida Dilution; Injury to Business Reputation statute, (6) unfair competition and trade practices, false advertising and passing off under Florida common law, (7) violation of the Florida Deceptive and Unfair Trade Practices Act, and (8) unjust enrichment under Florida law.

The claims arose from U-Haul’s use of the word “pod” and “pods” as a generic term for its U-Box moving and storage product. PEI alleged that such use is an inappropriate use of its PODS mark. Under the claims alleged in its Complaint, PEI sought a Court Order permanently enjoining U-Haul from: (1) the use of the PODS mark, or any other trade name or trademark confusingly similar to the mark; and (2) the use of any false descriptions or representations or committing any acts of unfair competition by using the PODS mark or any trade name or trademark confusingly similar to the mark. PEI also sought a Court Order (1) finding all of PEI’s trademarks valid and enforceable and (2) requiring U-Haul to alter all web pages to promptly remove the PODS mark from all websites owned or operated on behalf of U-Haul. Finally, PEI sought an award of damages in an amount to be proven at trial, but which are alleged to be approximately $70 million. PEI also sought pre-judgment interest, trebled damages, and punitive damages.

U-Haul does not believe that PEI’s claims have merit and vigorously defended the lawsuit. On September 17, 2012, U-Haul filed its Counterclaims, seeking a Court Order declaring that: (1) U-Haul’s use of the term “pods” or “pod” does not infringe or dilute PEI’s purported trademarks or violate any of PEI’s purported rights; (2) t he purported mark “PODS” is not a valid, protectable, or registrable trademark; and (3) t he purported mark “PODS PORTABLE ON DEMAND STORAGE” is not a valid, protectable, or registrable trademark. U-Haul also sought a Court Order cancelling the marks at issue in the case.

The case was tried to a jury, beginning on September 8, 2014. On September 19, 2014, the Court granted U-Haul’s motion for directed verdict on the issue of punitive damages. The Court deferred ruling on U-Haul’s motion for directed verdict on its defense that the words “pod” and “pods” were generic terms for a container used for the moving and storage of goods at the time PEI obtained its trademark (“genericness defense”). Closing arguments were on September 22, 2014.

On September 25, 2014, the jury returned a unanimous verdict, finding in favor of PEI and against U-Haul on all claims and counterclaims. The jury awarded PEI $45 million in actual damages and $15.7 million in U-Haul’s alleged profits attributable to its use of the term “pod” or “pods.”

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

On October 1, 2014, the Court ordered briefing on U-Haul’s oral motion for directed verdict on its genericness defense, the motion on which the Court had deferred ruling during trial. Pursuant to the Court’s order, the parties’ briefing on that motion was completed by October 21, 2014.

On March 11, 2015, the Court denied U-Haul’s Renewed Motion for Directed Verdict, For Judgment as a Matter of Law, Or in the Alternative, Motion for a New Trial. Also on March 11, 2015, the Court entered Judgment on the jury verdict in favor of PEI and against U-Haul in the amount of $60.7 million. This was recorded as an accrual in our financial statements.

The parties have filed a series of post-Judgment motions:

On March 25, 2015, PEI filed a motion for an award of attorneys’ fees and expenses in the amount of $6.5 million. On April 27, 2015, U-Haul filed its opposition brief to that motion.

On March 25, 2015, PEI filed a Proposed Bill of Costs in the amount of $186,411. On April 14, 2015, U-Haul filed an opposition to PEI’s P roposed B ill of C osts. On May 1, 2015, PEI filed an amended bill of costs in the amount of $196,133.

On April 6, 2015, U-Haul filed, with PEI’s consent, a motion to stay execution of the Judgment, pending the trial court’s rulings on U-Haul’s post-Judgment motions. That motion was supported by a supersedeas bond in the amount of $60.9 million, which represents 100% of the Judgment plus post-Judgment interest at the rate of 0.25% per year for 18 months. PEI and U-Haul both reserved the right to modify the amount of the bond in the event the Judgment is modified by the Court’s rulings on the parties’ post-Judgment motions (described below). On April 7, 2015, the Court granted U-Haul’s motion on consent, staying the Judgment pending rulings on U-Haul’s post-Judgment motions.

On April 8, 2015, U-Haul filed its Renewed Motion for Judgment As Matter of Law, or in the Alternative, Motion for New Trial, or to Alter the Judgment. U-Haul argued that it is entitled to judgment as a matter of law because even when all evidence is viewed in PEI’s favor, it was legally insufficient for the jury to find for PEI. Alternatively, U-Haul argued that it is entitled to a new trial because the verdict is against the weight of the evidence. Alternatively, U-Haul argued that the Court should reduce the damages and profits award under principles of equity. On April, 27, 2015, PEI filed its opposition brief.

On April 8, 2015, PEI filed a Motion to Amend the Judgment pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 59(e), in which it asked that the Judgment be amended to include (i) the entry of a permanent injunction; (ii) an award of pre-Judgment interest in the amount of $4.9 million; (iii) an award of post-Judgment interest in the amount of $11,441 and continuing to accrue at the rate of 0.25% while the case proceeds; (iv) doubling of the damages award to $121.4 million; and (v) the entry of an order directing the Patent and Trademark Office to dismiss the cancellation proceedings that U-Haul filed, which sought cancellation of the PODS trademarks. On April 27, 2015, U-Haul filed its opposition brief arguing, among other things, that (1) PEI is not entitled to recover double the windfall the jury incorrectly awarded it; (2) PEI is not entitled to the overreaching injunction it seeks; (3) PEI is not entitled to pre-judgment interest; (4) PEI has overstated the amount of post-Judgment interest to which it is entitled; and (5) PEI’s request that the Court order the Trademark Trial and Appeal Board to dismiss U-Haul’s cancellation proceeding is premature.

On April 9, 2015, U-Haul filed a protective Notice of Appeal. We expect that this notice of appeal will be automatically stayed and will become effective upon the disposition of (1) U-Haul’s renewed motion for judgment or a new trial or alteration of the Judgment or (2) PEI’s motion to alter or amend the Judgment, whichever comes later.

On August 24, 2015, the trial court entered two orders resolving the parties' post-trial motions. In short, U-Haul’s efforts at setting aside the judgment, getting a new trial or reducing the amount of the jury award were denied, PEI’s motions to enhance (i.e., double) the jury award and receive an award for attorneys’ fees were denied, but the Court entered a permanent injunction, and awarded PEI $4.9 million in pre-judgment interest, $82,727 in costs, and post-judgment interest at the rate of 0.25%, beginning March 11, 2015, computed daily and compounded annually. This was recorded as an accrual of $5.0 million in our financial statements during fiscal 2016.

On September 4, 2015, U-Haul filed in the trial court its (i) amended notice of appeal, (ii) motion on consent of PEI to approve the bond and stay execution of the judgment pending appeal, and (iii) motion to stay or modify the injunction.

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

On September 8, 2015, the trial court entered an Order granting U-Haul’s Motion on Consent to Approve Bond and Stay Execution of Judgment. The Judgment, as amended by the trial court’s orders adding an award of costs and pre-judgment interest, is stayed pending resolution of appeals.

On October 15, 2015, the trial court denied U-Haul’s motion to modify or stay the injunction pending appeal. But in the process, the Court clarified that (i) the reach of the injunction is limited to “advertising, promoting, marketing, or describing any products or services” and (ii) use of the terms “pod” and “pods” in comparative advertising is not prohibited, thereby allowing “nominative fair use" and truthful communications in customer dialogue and making clear that “nothing in the injunction mandates censorship with respect to consumer comments.”

PEI’s deadline for filing a notice of cross-appeal was September 23, 2015, and PEI did not file a notice of cross-appeal.

On September 23, 2015, the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals granted the parties’ joint motion for an extension of time for filing their respective briefs on appeal. U-Haul’s initial brief wa s due on December 17, 2015, PEI’s response brief wa s due on March 16, 2016, and U-Haul’s reply wa s due on April 29, 2016.

On September 24, 2015, the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals issued a Notice setting a telephonic mediation for November 16, 2015, beginning at 2:00 p.m., Eastern Time. The mediation was unsuccessful.

U-Haul filed its opening brief on appeal with the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals on December 17, 201 5. PEI filed its response brief on March 16, 2016. U-Haul filed its reply brief on April 29, 2016. U-Haul has requested oral argument, PEI did not oppose that request, and the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals has not yet acted on that request.

Environmental

Compliance with environmental requirements of federal, state and local governments may significantly affect Real Estate’s business operations. Among other things, these requirements regulate the discharge of materials into the air, land and water and govern the use and disposal of hazardous substances. Real Estate is aware of issues regarding hazardous substances on some of its properties. Real Estate regularly makes capital and operating expenditures to stay in compliance with environmental laws and has put in place a remedial plan at each site where it believes such a plan is necessary. Since 1988, Real Estate has managed a testing and removal program for underground storage tanks.

Based upon the information currently available to Real Estate, compliance with the environmental laws and its share of the costs of investigation and cleanup of known hazardous waste sites are not expected to result in a material adverse effect on AMERCO’s financial position or results of operations.

Other

We are named as a defendant in various other litigation and claims arising out of the normal course of business. In management’s opinion, none of these other matters will have a material effect on our financial position and results of operations.

Note 19. Related Party Transactions

As set forth in the Audit Committee Charter and consistent with N ASDAQ Listing Rules, our Audit Committee (the “Audit Committee”) reviews and maintains oversight over related party transactions which are required to be disclosed under the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) rules and regulations and in accordance to GAAP. Accordingly, all such related party transactions are submitted to the Audit Committee for ongoing review and oversight. Our internal processes are designed to ensure that our legal and finance departments identify and monitor potential related party transactions that may require disclosure and Audit Committee oversight.

AMERCO has engaged in related party transactions and has continuing related party interests with certain major stockholders, directors and officers of the consolidated group as disclosed below. Management believes that the transactions described below and in the related notes were co mplet ed on terms substantially equivalent to those that would prevail in third party, arm’s-length transactions.

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

SAC Holdings w as established in order to acquire and develop self-storage properties. These properties are being managed by us pursuant to management agreements. In the past, we sold real estate and various self-storage properties to SAC Holdings, and such sales provided significant cash flows to us.

Related Party Revenues

|  | Years Ended March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
|  | (In thousands)
U-Haul interest income revenue from SAC Holdings | $ | 4,960 | $ | 5,914 | $ | 7,071
U-Haul interest income revenue from Private Mini |  | 1,126 |  | 4,918 |  | 5,348
U-Haul management fee revenue from SAC Holdings |  | 18,657 |  | 18,472 |  | 18,007
U-Haul management fee revenue from Private Mini |  | 3,330 |  | 2,614 |  | 2,437
U-Haul management fee revenue from Mercury |  | 4,546 |  | 4,255 |  | 4,049
| $ | 32,619 | $ | 36,173 | $ | 36,912

During fiscal 201 6, a subsidiar y of ours held a junior unsecured note of SAC Holdings. Substantially all of the equity interest of SAC Holdings is controlled by Blackwater Investments, Inc. (“Blackwater”). Blackwater is wholly-owned by Willow Grove Holdings LP, which is owned by Mark V. Shoen (a significant shareholder), and various trusts associated with Edward J.Shoen (our Chairman of the Board, President and a significant shareholder) and Mark V. Shoen. We do not have an equity ownership interest in SAC Holdings. We received cash interest payments of $4.6 million, $5.7 million and $17.2 million, from SAC Holdings during fiscal 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The largest aggregate amount of notes receivabl e outstanding during fiscal 2016 was $50.4 million and the aggregate notes rece ivable balance at March 31, 2016 was $49.3 million. In accordance with the terms of these notes, SAC Holdings may prepay the notes without penalty or premium at any time. T he scheduled maturity of th i s note is 2017.

During fiscal 201 6, AMERCO held a junior note issued by Private Mini Storage Realty, L.P. (“Private Mini”). The equity interests of Private Mini are ultimately controlled by Blackwater. We rece ived cash interest payments of $1.5 million, $5.1 million and $5.4 million from Private Mini during fiscal years 201 6, 20 15 and 20 14, respectively. The largest aggregate amount outstanding during fiscal 201 6 was $56.5 million. In July 2015, Private Mini repaid its note and all outstanding interest due AMERCO totaling $56.8 million.

We currently manage the self-storage properties owned or leased by SAC Holdings, Mercury Partners, L.P. (“Mercury”), Four SAC Self-Storage Corporation (“4 SAC”), Five SAC Self-Storage Corporation (“5 SAC”), Galaxy Investments, L.P. (“Galaxy”) and Private Mini pursuant to a standard form of management agreement, under which we receive a management fee of between 4% and 10% of the gross receipts plus reimbursement for certain expenses. We received management fees, exclusive of reimbursed expenses, of $27.1 million, $25.8 million and $25.8 million from the above mentioned entities during fiscal 201 6, 20 15 and 20 14, respectively. This management fee is consistent with the fee received for other properties we previously managed for third parties. SAC Holdings, 4 SAC, 5 SAC, Galaxy and Private Mini are substantially controlled by Blackwater. Mark V. Shoen controls the general partner of Mercury. The limited partner interests of Mercury are indirectly owned by James P. Shoen (a significant shareholder), Mark V. Shoen and a trust benefitting the children and grandchild of Edward J. Shoen.

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Related Party Costs and Expenses

|  | Years Ended March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
|  | (In thousands)
U-Haul lease expenses to SAC Holdings | $ | 2,648 | $ | 2,618 | $ | 2,619
U-Haul commission expenses to SAC Holdings |  | 51,036 |  | 48,833 |  | 46,886
U-Haul commission expenses to Private Mini |  | 3,684 |  | 3,258 |  | 3,047
| $ | 57,368 | $ | 54,709 | $ | 52,552

We lease space for marketing company offices, vehicle repair shops and hitch installation centers from subsidiaries of SAC Holdings, 5 SAC and Galaxy. The terms of the leases are similar to the terms of leases for other properties owned by unrelated parties that are leased to us.

At March 31, 201 6, subsidiaries of SAC Holdings, 4 SAC, 5 SAC, Galaxy and Private Mini acted as U-Haul independent dealers. The financial and other terms of the dealership contracts with the aforementioned companies and their subsidiaries are substantially identical to the terms of those with our other independent dealers whereby commissions are paid by us based upon equipment rental revenue s.

These agreements and notes with subsidiaries of SAC Holdings, 4 SAC, 5 SAC, Galaxy and Private Mini, excluding D ealer A greements, provided revenues of $28.1 million, expenses of $2.6 million and cash flows of $83.8 million during fiscal 2016. Revenues and commission expenses related to the Dealer Agreements were $254.7 million and $54.7 million, respectively for fiscal 2016.

Pursuant to the variable interest entity model under ASC 810 – Consolidation (“ASC 810”), Management determined that the junior notes of SAC Holdings and Private Mini as well as the management agreements with SAC Holdings, Mercury, 4 SAC, 5 SAC, Galaxy, and Private Mini represent potential variable interests for us. Management evaluated whether it should be identified as the primary beneficiary of one or more of these VIEs using a two-step approach in which management (i) identified all other parties that hold interests in the VIEs, and (ii) determined if any variable interest holder has the power to direct the activities of the VIEs that most significantly impact their economic performance.

Management determined that they do not have a variable interest in the holding entities SAC Holding II Corporation, Private Mini, Mercury, 4 SAC, 5 SAC, or Galaxy based upon management agreements which are with the individual operating entities or through the issuance of junior debt; therefore, we are precluded from consolidating these entities.

We have junior debt with the holding entit y SAC Holding Corporation which represents a variable interest in the entity. Though we have certain protective rights within th is debt agreement, we have no present influence or control over th is holding entit y unless the protective rights become exercisable, which management considers unlikely based on their payment history. As a result, we have no basis under ASC 810 to consolidate th is entit y.

We do not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the individual operating entities which have management agreements with U-Haul. There are no fees or penalties disclosed in the management agreement for termination of the agreement. Through control of the holding entities' assets, and its ability and history of making key decisions relating to the entity and its assets, Blackwater, and its owner, are the variable interest holder with the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact each of the individual holding entities and the individual operating entities’ performance. As a result, we have no basis under ASC 810 to consolidate these entities.

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

We have not provided financial or other support explicitly or implicitly during the fiscal year ended March 31, 201 6 to any of these entities that it was not previously contractually required to provide. In addition, we currently have no plan to provide any financial support to any of these entities in the future. The carrying amount and classification of the assets and liabilities in our balance sheet s that relate to our variable interests in the aforementioned entities are as follows, which approximate the maximum exposure to loss as a result of our involvement with these entities:

Related Party Assets

|  | March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015
|  | (In thousands)
U-Haul notes, receivables and interest from Private Mini | $ | 2,752 | $ | 59,375
U-Haul note receivable from SAC Holding Corporation |  | 49,322 |  | 50,428
U-Haul interest receivable from SAC Holdings |  | 4,970 |  | 4,579
U-Haul receivable from SAC Holdings |  | 20,375 |  | 20,108
U-Haul receivable from Mercury |  | 8,016 |  | 6,667
Other (a) |  | 299 |  | 633
| $ | 85,734 | $ | 141,790

(a) Timing differences for intercompany balances with insurance subsidiaries resulting from the three month difference in reporting periods.

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Note 2 0. Statutory Financial Information of Insurance Subsidiaries

Applicable laws and regulations of the State s of Arizona and Nevada require Property and Casualty Insurance and Life Insurance to maintain minimum capital and surplus determined in accordance with statutory accounting principles. Audited statutory net income (loss) and statutory capital and surplus for the years ended are listed below:

|  | Years Ended December 31,
|  | 2015 |  | 2014 |  | 2013
|  | (In thousands)
Repwest: |  |  |  |  |  |
Audited statutory net income | $ | 22,308 | $ | 21,287 | $ | 18,286
Audited statutory capital and surplus |  | 158,376 |  | 155,835 |  | 126,836
ARCOA: |  |  |  |  |  |
Audited statutory net income |  | 1,391 |  | 1,358 |  | 532
Audited statutory capital and surplus |  | 5,386 |  | 4,175 |  | 2,666
Oxford: |  |  |  |  |  |
Audited statutory net income |  | 12,150 |  | 12,115 |  | 11,130
Audited statutory capital and surplus |  | 172,282 |  | 158,512 |  | 148,486
CFLIC: |  |  |  |  |  |
Audited statutory net income |  | 9,217 |  | 9,157 |  | 9,567
Audited statutory capital and surplus |  | 28,892 |  | 28,551 |  | 28,848
NAI: |  |  |  |  |  |
Audited statutory net income (loss) |  | 1,161 |  | 886 |  | (419)
Audited statutory capital and surplus |  | 12,685 |  | 11,589 |  | 10,185

The amount of dividends that can be paid to shareholders by insurance companies domiciled in the State of Arizona is limited. Any dividend in excess of the limit requires prior regulatory approval. The statutory surplus for Repwest at December 31, 201 5 that could be distributed as ordinary dividends was $15.8 million. The statutory surplus for Oxford at December 31, 201 5 that could be distributed as ordinary dividends was $12.0 million. Oxford did not pay a dividend to AMERCO in fiscal 201 6, 201 5 or 2014. After receiving approval from the Arizona Department of Insurance, Repwest paid a $19.6 million non-cash dividend to AMERCO in fisca l 2016.

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Note 2 1. Financial Information by Geographic Area

|  | United States |  | Canada |  | Consolidated
|  | (All amounts are in thousands U.S. $'s)
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |
Total revenues | $ | 3,130,097 | $ | 145,559 | $ | 3,275,656
Depreciation and amortization, net of (gains) losses on disposal |  | 313,099 |  | 863 |  | 313,962
Interest expense |  | 97,739 |  | 164 |  | 97,903
Pretax earnings |  | 745,194 |  | 23,717 |  | 768,911
Income tax expense |  | 273,473 |  | 6,437 |  | 279,910
Identifiable assets |  | 7,901,365 |  | 249,360 |  | 8,150,725

|  | United States |  | Canada |  | Consolidated
|  | (All amounts are in thousands U.S. $'s)
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2015 |  |  |  |  |  |
Total revenues | $ | 2,916,027 | $ | 158,504 | $ | 3,074,531
Depreciation and amortization, net of (gains) losses on disposal |  | 292,345 |  | 5,481 |  | 297,826
Interest expense |  | 96,979 |  | 546 |  | 97,525
Pretax earnings |  | 541,371 |  | 20,047 |  | 561,418
Income tax expense |  | 199,444 |  | 5,233 |  | 204,677
Identifiable assets |  | 6,685,572 |  | 186,603 |  | 6,872,175

|  | United States |  | Canada |  | Consolidated
|  | (All amounts are in thousands U.S. $'s)
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |
Total revenues | $ | 2,681,800 | $ | 153,452 | $ | 2,835,252
Depreciation and amortization, net of (gains) losses on disposal |  | 272,236 |  | 7,358 |  | 279,594
Interest expense |  | 92,128 |  | 564 |  | 92,692
Pretax earnings |  | 516,207 |  | 21,315 |  | 537,522
Income tax expense |  | 189,419 |  | 5,712 |  | 195,131
Identifiable assets |  | 5,854,503 |  | 144,475 |  | 5,998,978

Note 2 1 A. Consolidating Financial Information by Industry Segment

AMERCO’s three reportable segments are:

- Moving and Storage, comprised of AMERCO, U-Haul, and Real Estate and the subsidiaries of U-Haul and Real Estate,
- Property and Casualty Insurance, comprised of Rep w est and its subsidiaries and ARCOA, and
- Life Insurance, comprised of Oxford and its subsidiaries.

Management tracks revenues separately, but does not report any separate measure of the profitability for rental vehicles, rentals of self-storage spaces and sales of products that are required to be classified as a separate operating segment and accordingly does not present these as separate reportable segments. Deferred income taxes are shown as liabilities on the consolidating statements.

The information includes elimination entries necessary to consolidate AMERCO, the parent, with its subsidiaries.

Investments in subsidiaries are accounted for by the parent using the equity method of accounting.

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Note 2 1 A. Financial Information by Consolidating Industry Segment:

Consolidating balance sheets by industry segment as of March 31, 201 6 are as follows:

|  | Moving & Storage Consolidated |  | Property & Casualty Insurance (a) |  | Life Insurance (a) |  | Eliminations |  |  | AMERCO Consolidated
|  | (In thousands)
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 585,666 | $ | 14,049 | $ | 931 | $ | – |  | $ | 600,646
Reinsurance recoverables and trade receivables, net |  | 34,451 |  | 111,978 |  | 28,781 |  | – |  |  | 175,210
Inventories, net |  | 79,756 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 79,756
Prepaid expenses |  | 134,300 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 134,300
Investments, fixed maturities and marketable equities |  | – |  | 238,570 |  | 1,271,968 |  | – |  |  | 1,510,538
Investments, other |  | 21,431 |  | 47,374 |  | 241,267 |  | – |  |  | 310,072
Deferred policy acquisition costs, net |  | – |  | – |  | 136,386 |  | – |  |  | 136,386
Other assets |  | 95,081 |  | 3,088 |  | 2,403 |  | – |  |  | 100,572
Related party assets |  | 88,022 |  | 12,465 |  | 613 |  | (15,366) | (c) |  | 85,734
|  | 1,038,707 |  | 427,524 |  | 1,682,349 |  | (15,366) |  |  | 3,133,214
Investment in subsidiaries |  | 432,277 |  | – |  | – |  | (432,277) | (b) |  | –
Property, plant and equipment, at cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land |  | 587,347 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 587,347
Buildings and improvements |  | 2,187,400 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 2,187,400
Furniture and equipment |  | 399,943 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 399,943
Rental trailers and other rental equipment |  | 462,379 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 462,379
Rental trucks |  | 3,514,175 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 3,514,175
|  | 7,151,244 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 7,151,244
Less: Accumulated depreciation |  | (2,133,733) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (2,133,733)
Total property, plant and equipment |  | 5,017,511 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 5,017,511
Total assets | $ | 6,488,495 | $ | 427,524 | $ | 1,682,349 | $ | (447,643) |  | $ | 8,150,725
(a) Balances as of December 31, 2015 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(b) Eliminate investment in subsidiaries |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(c) Eliminate intercompany receivables and payables |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Consolidating balance sheets by industry segment as of March 31, 201 6 are as follows:

|  | Moving & Storage Consolidated |  | Property & Casualty Insurance (a) |  | Life Insurance (a) |  | Eliminations |  |  | AMERCO Consolidated
|  | (In thousands)
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | $ | 492,982 | $ | 1,535 | $ | 8,096 | $ | – |  | $ | 502,613
Notes, loans and leases payable |  | 2,688,758 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 2,688,758
Policy benefits and losses, claims and loss expenses payable |  | 386,366 |  | 252,819 |  | 432,227 |  | – |  |  | 1,071,412
Liabilities from investment contracts |  | – |  | – |  | 951,490 |  | – |  |  | 951,490
Other policyholders' funds and liabilities |  | – |  | 3,017 |  | 5,633 |  | – |  |  | 8,650
Deferred income |  | 22,784 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 22,784
Deferred income taxes |  | 633,061 |  | 7,526 |  | 13,025 |  | – |  |  | 653,612
Related party liabilities |  | 13,138 |  | 2,067 |  | 161 |  | (15,366) | (c) |  | –
Total liabilities |  | 4,237,089 |  | 266,964 |  | 1,410,632 |  | (15,366) |  |  | 5,899,319
Stockholders' equity : |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Series preferred stock: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Series A preferred stock |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | –
Series B preferred stock |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | –
Series A common stock |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | –
Common stock |  | 10,497 |  | 3,301 |  | 2,500 |  | (5,801) | (b) |  | 10,497
Additional paid-in capital |  | 451,839 |  | 91,120 |  | 26,271 |  | (117,601) | (b) |  | 451,629
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |  | (60,525) |  | 3,611 |  | 10,504 |  | (14,115) | (b) |  | (60,525)
Retained earnings |  | 2,533,431 |  | 62,528 |  | 232,442 |  | (294,760) | (b) |  | 2,533,641
Cost of common shares in treasury, net |  | (525,653) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (525,653)
Cost of preferred shares in treasury, net |  | (151,997) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (151,997)
Unearned employee stock ownership plan shares |  | (6,186) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (6,186)
Total stockholders' equity |  | 2,251,406 |  | 160,560 |  | 271,717 |  | (432,277) |  |  | 2,251,406
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | 6,488,495 | $ | 427,524 | $ | 1,682,349 | $ | (447,643) |  | $ | 8,150,725
(a) Balances as of December 31, 2015 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(b) Eliminate investment in subsidiaries |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(c) Eliminate intercompany receivables and payables |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Consolidating balance sheets by industry segment as of March 31, 20 15 are as follows:

|  | Moving & Storage Consolidated |  | Property & Casualty Insurance (a) |  | Life Insurance (a) |  | Eliminations |  |  | AMERCO Consolidated
|  | (In thousands)
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 431,873 | $ | 8,495 | $ | 1,482 | $ | – |  | $ | 441,850
Reinsurance recoverables and trade receivables, net |  | 32,364 |  | 125,506 |  | 31,999 |  | – |  |  | 189,869
Inventories, net |  | 69,472 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 69,472
Prepaid expenses |  | 126,296 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 126,296
Investments, fixed maturities and marketable equities |  | – |  | 228,530 |  | 1,076,432 |  | – |  |  | 1,304,962
Investments, other |  | 27,637 |  | 50,867 |  | 190,216 |  | – |  |  | 268,720
Deferred policy acquisition costs, net |  | – |  | – |  | 115,422 |  | – |  |  | 115,422
Other assets |  | 101,689 |  | 1,924 |  | 2,544 |  | – |  |  | 106,157
Related party assets |  | 144,040 |  | 13,268 |  | 586 |  | (16,104) | (c) |  | 141,790
|  | 933,371 |  | 428,590 |  | 1,418,681 |  | (16,104) |  |  | 2,764,538
Investment in subsidiaries |  | 443,462 |  | – |  | – |  | (443,462) | (b) |  | –
Property, plant and equipment, at cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land |  | 467,482 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 467,482
Buildings and improvements |  | 1,728,033 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 1,728,033
Furniture and equipment |  | 355,349 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 355,349
Rental trailers and other rental equipment |  | 436,642 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 436,642
Rental trucks |  | 3,059,987 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 3,059,987
|  | 6,047,493 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 6,047,493
Less: Accumulated depreciation |  | (1,939,856) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (1,939,856)
Total property, plant and equipment |  | 4,107,637 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 4,107,637
Total assets | $ | 5,484,470 | $ | 428,590 | $ | 1,418,681 | $ | (459,566) |  | $ | 6,872,175
(a) Balances as of December 31, 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(b) Eliminate investment in subsidiaries |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(c) Eliminate intercompany receivables and payables |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Consolidating balance sheets by industry segment as of March 31, 20 15 are as follows:

|  | Moving & Storage Consolidated |  | Property & Casualty Insurance (a) |  | Life Insurance (a) |  | Eliminations |  |  | AMERCO Consolidated
|  | (In thousands)
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | $ | 489,140 | $ | 1,235 | $ | 5,995 | $ | – |  | $ | 496,370
Notes, loans and leases payable |  | 2,190,869 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 2,190,869
Policy benefits and losses, claims and loss expenses payable |  | 363,552 |  | 271,744 |  | 426,892 |  | – |  |  | 1,062,188
Liabilities from investment contracts |  | – |  | – |  | 685,745 |  | – |  |  | 685,745
Other policyholders' funds and liabilities |  | – |  | 2,837 |  | 4,927 |  | – |  |  | 7,764
Deferred income |  | 18,081 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 18,081
Deferred income taxes |  | 524,550 |  | (18,592) |  | 20,841 |  | – |  |  | 526,799
Related party liabilities |  | 13,919 |  | 2,073 |  | 112 |  | (16,104) | (c) |  | –
Total liabilities |  | 3,600,111 |  | 259,297 |  | 1,144,512 |  | (16,104) |  |  | 4,987,816
Stockholders' equity : |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Series preferred stock: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Series A preferred stock |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | –
Series B preferred stock |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | –
Series A common stock |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | –
Common stock |  | 10,497 |  | 3,301 |  | 2,500 |  | (5,801) | (b) |  | 10,497
Additional paid-in capital |  | 449,878 |  | 91,120 |  | 26,271 |  | (117,601) | (b) |  | 449,668
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |  | (34,365) |  | 8,871 |  | 32,310 |  | (41,181) | (b) |  | (34,365)
Retained earnings (deficit) |  | 2,142,390 |  | 66,001 |  | 213,088 |  | (278,879) | (b) |  | 2,142,600
Cost of common shares in treasury, net |  | (525,653) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (525,653)
Cost of preferred shares in treasury, net |  | (151,997) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (151,997)
Unearned employee stock ownership plan shares |  | (6,391) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (6,391)
Total stockholders' equity (deficit) | $ | 1,884,359 |  | 169,293 |  | 274,169 |  | (443,462) |  |  | 1,884,359
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity |  | 5,484,470 | $ | 428,590 | $ | 1,418,681 | $ | (459,566) |  | $ | 6,872,175
(a) Balances as of December 31, 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(b) Eliminate investment in subsidiaries |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(c) Eliminate intercompany receivables and payables |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Consolidating statements of operations by industry segment for period ending March 31, 201 6 are as follows:

|  | Moving & Storage Consolidated |  | Property & Casualty Insurance (a) |  | Life Insurance (a) |  | Eliminations |  |  | AMERCO Consolidated
|  | (In thousands)
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Self-moving equipment rentals | $ | 2,301,586 | $ | – | $ | – | $ | (3,606) | (c) | $ | 2,297,980
Self-storage revenues |  | 247,944 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 247,944
Self-moving & self-storage products & service sales |  | 251,541 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 251,541
Property management fees |  | 26,533 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 26,533
Life insurance premiums |  | – |  | – |  | 162,662 |  | – |  |  | 162,662
Property and casualty insurance premiums |  | – |  | 50,020 |  | – |  | – |  |  | 50,020
Net investment and interest income |  | 8,801 |  | 14,783 |  | 63,999 |  | (778) | (b) |  | 86,805
Other revenue |  | 148,099 |  | – |  | 4,559 |  | (487) | (b) |  | 152,171
Total revenues |  | 2,984,504 |  | 64,803 |  | 231,220 |  | (4,871) |  |  | 3,275,656
Costs and expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating expenses |  | 1,423,107 |  | 27,958 |  | 23,037 |  | (4,055) | (b,c) |  | 1,470,047
Commission expenses |  | 262,627 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 262,627
Cost of sales |  | 144,990 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 144,990
Benefits and losses |  | – |  | 12,298 |  | 155,138 |  | – |  |  | 167,436
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |  | – |  | – |  | 23,272 |  | – |  |  | 23,272
Lease expense |  | 49,966 |  | – |  | – |  | (186) | (b) |  | 49,780
Depreciation, net of (gains) losses on disposals |  | 290,690 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 290,690
Total costs and expenses |  | 2,171,380 |  | 40,256 |  | 201,447 |  | (4,241) |  |  | 2,408,842
Earnings from operations before equity in earnings of subsidiaries |  | 813,124 |  | 24,547 |  | 29,773 |  | (630) |  |  | 866,814
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries |  | 35,522 |  | – |  | – |  | (35,522) | (d) |  | –
Earnings from operations |  | 848,646 |  | 24,547 |  | 29,773 |  | (36,152) |  |  | 866,814
Interest expense |  | (98,533) |  | – |  | – |  | 630 | (b) |  | (97,903)
Pretax earnings |  | 750,113 |  | 24,547 |  | 29,773 |  | (35,522) |  |  | 768,911
Income tax expense |  | (261,112) |  | (8,379) |  | (10,419) |  | – |  |  | (279,910)
Earnings available to common shareholders | $ | 489,001 | $ | 16,168 | $ | 19,354 | $ | (35,522) |  | $ | 489,001
(a) Balances for the year ended December 31, 2015 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(b) Eliminate intercompany lease / interest income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(c) Eliminate intercompany premiums |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(d) Eliminate equity in earnings of subsidiaries |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Consolidating statements of operations by industry segment for period ending March 31, 20 15 are as follows:

|  | Moving & Storage Consolidated |  | Property & Casualty Insurance (a) |  | Life Insurance (a) |  | Eliminations |  |  | AMERCO Consolidated
|  | (In thousands)
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Self-moving equipment rentals | $ | 2,149,986 | $ | – | $ | – | $ | (3,595) | (c) | $ | 2,146,391
Self-storage revenues |  | 211,136 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 211,136
Self-moving & self-storage products & service sales |  | 244,177 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 244,177
Property management fees |  | 25,341 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 25,341
Life insurance premiums |  | – |  | – |  | 156,103 |  | – |  |  | 156,103
Property and casualty insurance premiums |  | – |  | 46,456 |  | – |  | – |  |  | 46,456
Net investment and interest income |  | 13,644 |  | 12,819 |  | 59,051 |  | (786) | (b) |  | 84,728
Other revenue |  | 156,154 |  | – |  | 4,502 |  | (457) | (b) |  | 160,199
Total revenues |  | 2,800,438 |  | 59,275 |  | 219,656 |  | (4,838) |  |  | 3,074,531
Costs and expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating expenses |  | 1,436,145 |  | 24,802 |  | 22,476 |  | (4,014) | (b,c) |  | 1,479,409
Commission expenses |  | 249,642 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 249,642
Cost of sales |  | 146,072 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 146,072
Benefits and losses |  | – |  | 10,996 |  | 147,764 |  | – |  |  | 158,760
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |  | – |  | – |  | 19,661 |  | – |  |  | 19,661
Lease expense |  | 79,984 |  | – |  | – |  | (186) | (b) |  | 79,798
Depreciation, net of (gains) losses on disposals |  | 278,165 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 278,165
Total costs and expenses |  | 2,190,008 |  | 35,798 |  | 189,901 |  | (4,200) |  |  | 2,411,507
Earnings from operations before equity in earnings of subsidiaries |  | 610,430 |  | 23,477 |  | 29,755 |  | (638) |  |  | 663,024
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries |  | 34,783 |  | – |  | – |  | (34,783) | (d) |  | –
Earnings from operations |  | 645,213 |  | 23,477 |  | 29,755 |  | (35,421) |  |  | 663,024
Interest expense |  | (98,163) |  | – |  | – |  | 638 | (b) |  | (97,525)
Fees and amortization on early extinguishment of debt |  | (4,081) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (4,081)
Pretax earnings |  | 542,969 |  | 23,477 |  | 29,755 |  | (34,783) |  |  | 561,418
Income tax expense |  | (186,228) |  | (8,060) |  | (10,389) |  | – |  |  | (204,677)
Earnings available to common shareholders | $ | 356,741 | $ | 15,417 | $ | 19,366 | $ | (34,783) |  | $ | 356,741
(a) Balances for the year ended December 31, 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(b) Eliminate intercompany lease/interest income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(c) Eliminate intercompany premiums |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(d) Eliminate equity in earnings of subsidiaries |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Consolidating statements of operations by industry segment for period ending March 31, 20 14 are as follows:

|  | Moving & Storage Consolidated |  | Property & Casualty Insurance (a) |  | Life Insurance (a) |  | Eliminations |  |  | AMERCO Consolidated
|  | (In thousands)
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Self-moving equipment rentals | $ | 1,958,209 | $ | – | $ | – | $ | (2,786) | (c) | $ | 1,955,423
Self-storage revenues |  | 181,794 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 181,794
Self-moving & self-storage products & service sales |  | 234,187 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 234,187
Property management fees |  | 24,493 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 24,493
Life insurance premiums |  | – |  | – |  | 157,919 |  | – |  |  | 157,919
Property and casualty insurance premiums |  | – |  | 41,052 |  | – |  | – |  |  | 41,052
Net investment and interest income |  | 15,212 |  | 10,592 |  | 54,398 |  | (611) | (b) |  | 79,591
Other revenue |  | 158,055 |  | – |  | 3,211 |  | (473) | (b) |  | 160,793
Total revenues |  | 2,571,950 |  | 51,644 |  | 215,528 |  | (3,870) |  |  | 2,835,252
Costs and expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating expenses |  | 1,272,406 |  | 20,799 |  | 23,686 |  | (3,217) | (b,c) |  | 1,313,674
Commission expenses |  | 227,332 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 227,332
Cost of sales |  | 127,270 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 127,270
Benefits and losses |  | – |  | 11,513 |  | 145,189 |  | – |  |  | 156,702
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |  | – |  | – |  | 19,982 |  | – |  |  | 19,982
Lease expense |  | 100,649 |  | – |  | – |  | (183) | (b) |  | 100,466
Depreciation, net of (gains) losses on disposals |  | 259,612 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 259,612
Total costs and expenses |  | 1,987,269 |  | 32,312 |  | 188,857 |  | (3,400) |  |  | 2,205,038
Earnings from operations before equity in earnings of subsidiaries |  | 584,681 |  | 19,332 |  | 26,671 |  | (470) |  |  | 630,214
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries |  | 29,992 |  | – |  | – |  | (29,992) | (d) |  | –
Earnings from operations |  | 614,673 |  | 19,332 |  | 26,671 |  | (30,462) |  |  | 630,214
Interest expense |  | (93,162) |  | – |  | – |  | 470 | (b) |  | (92,692)
Pretax earnings |  | 521,511 |  | 19,332 |  | 26,671 |  | (29,992) |  |  | 537,522
Income tax expense |  | (179,120) |  | (6,670) |  | (9,341) |  | – |  |  | (195,131)
Earnings available to common shareholders | $ | 342,391 | $ | 12,662 | $ | 17,330 | $ | (29,992) |  | $ | 342,391
(a) Balances for the year ended December 31, 2013 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(b) Eliminate intercompany lease/interest income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(c) Eliminate intercompany premiums |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(d) Eliminate equity in earnings of subsidiaries |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Consolidating cash flow statements by industry segment for the year ended March 31, 201 6, are as follows:

|  | Moving & Storage Consolidated |  | Property & Casualty Insurance (a) |  | Life Insurance (a) |  | Elimination |  |  | AMERCO Consolidated
|  | (In thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net earnings | $ | 489,001 | $ | 16,168 | $ | 19,354 | $ | (35,522) |  | $ | 489,001
Earnings from consolidated subsidiaries |  | (35,522) |  | – |  | – |  | 35,522 |  |  | –
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to the cash provided by operations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation |  | 389,393 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 389,393
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |  | – |  | – |  | 23,272 |  | – |  |  | 23,272
Interest credited to policyholders |  | – |  | – |  | 20,465 |  | – |  |  | 20,465
Change in allowance for losses on trade receivables |  | 7 |  | – |  | (212) |  | – |  |  | (205)
Change in allowance for inventory reserve |  | (1,343) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (1,343)
Net gain on sale of real and personal property |  | (98,703) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (98,703)
Net gain on sale of investments |  | – |  | (1,317) |  | (3,174) |  | – |  |  | (4,491)
Deferred income taxes |  | 124,838 |  | 9,311 |  | 3,926 |  | – |  |  | 138,075
Net change in other operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Reinsurance recoverables and trade receivables |  | (2,169) |  | 13,528 |  | 3,406 |  | – |  |  | 14,765
Inventories |  | (9,009) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (9,009)
Prepaid expenses |  | (10,338) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (10,338)
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs |  | – |  | – |  | (32,590) |  | – |  |  | (32,590)
Other assets |  | 16,231 |  | (1,050) |  | 141 |  | – |  |  | 15,322
Related party assets |  | 55,962 |  | 682 |  | – |  | – |  |  | 56,644
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |  | 26,093 |  | 1,533 |  | 9,761 |  | – |  |  | 37,387
Policy benefits and losses, claims and loss expenses payable |  | 23,215 |  | (18,925) |  | 5,336 |  | – |  |  | 9,626
Other policyholders' funds and liabilities |  | – |  | (1,056) |  | 707 |  | – |  |  | (349)
Deferred income |  | 4,757 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 4,757
Related party liabilities |  | (779) |  | 115 |  | 48 |  | – |  |  | (616)
Net cash provided (used) by operating activities |  | 971,634 |  | 18,989 |  | 50,440 |  | – |  |  | 1,041,063
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchases of: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment |  | (1,509,154) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (1,509,154)
Short term investments |  | – |  | (44,735) |  | (471,164) |  | – |  |  | (515,899)
Fixed maturities investments |  | – |  | (45,048) |  | (372,014) |  | – |  |  | (417,062)
Equity securities |  | – |  | – |  | (1,315) |  | – |  |  | (1,315)
Preferred stock |  | – |  | (1,005) |  | – |  | – |  |  | (1,005)
Real estate |  | – |  | (36) |  | (39) |  | – |  |  | (75)
Mortgage loans |  | (15,384) |  | (1,800) |  | (85,404) |  | – |  |  | (102,588)
Proceeds from sales and paydowns of: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment |  | 539,256 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 539,256
Short term investments |  | – |  | 44,756 |  | 483,424 |  | – |  |  | 528,180
Fixed maturities investments |  | – |  | 26,193 |  | 128,343 |  | – |  |  | 154,536
Equity securities |  | – |  | 1,236 |  | 808 |  | – |  |  | 2,044
Preferred stock |  | – |  | 1,126 |  | – |  | – |  |  | 1,126
Real estate |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | –
Mortgage loans |  | 21,589 |  | 5,878 |  | 21,090 |  | – |  |  | 48,557
Net cash provided (used) by investing activities |  | (963,693) |  | (13,435) |  | (296,271) |  | – |  |  | (1,273,399)
(a) Balance for the period ended December 31, 2015 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(b) Eliminate intercompany investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Continuation of consolidating cash flow statements by industry segment for the year ended March 31, 201 6, are as follows:

|  | Moving & Storage Consolidated |  | Property & Casualty Insurance (a) |  | Life Insurance (a) |  | Elimination |  |  | AMERCO Consolidated
|  | (In thousands)
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Borrowings from credit facilities |  | 808,972 |  | – |  | 47,000 |  | – |  |  | 855,972
Principal repayments on credit facilities |  | (381,403) |  | – |  | (47,000) |  | – |  |  | (428,403)
Debt issuance costs |  | (10,184) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (10,184)
Capital lease payments |  | (168,661) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (168,661)
Purchases of Employee Stock Ownership Plan Shares |  | (9,302) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (9,302)
Securitization deposits |  | 544 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 544
Common stock dividends paid |  | (78,374) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (78,374)
Investment contract deposits |  | – |  | – |  | 298,237 |  | – |  |  | 298,237
Investment contract withdrawals |  | – |  | – |  | (52,957) |  | – |  |  | (52,957)
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities |  | 161,592 |  | – |  | 245,280 |  | – |  |  | 406,872
Effects of exchange rate on cash |  | (15,740) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (15,740)
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents |  | 153,793 |  | 5,554 |  | (551) |  | – |  |  | 158,796
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |  | 431,873 |  | 8,495 |  | 1,482 |  | – |  |  | 441,850
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 585,666 | $ | 14,049 | $ | 931 | $ | – |  | $ | 600,646
(a) Balance for the period ended December 31, 2015 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Consolidating cash flow statements by industry segment for the year ended March 31, 20 15, are as follows:

|  | Moving & Storage Consolidated |  | Property & Casualty Insurance (a) |  | Life Insurance (a) |  | Elimination |  |  | AMERCO Consolidated
|  | (In thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net earnings | $ | 356,741 | $ | 15,417 | $ | 19,366 | $ | (34,783) |  | $ | 356,741
Earnings from consolidated subsidiaries |  | (34,783) |  | – |  | – |  | 34,783 |  |  | –
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to the cash provided by operations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation |  | 352,796 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 352,796
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |  | – |  | – |  | 19,661 |  | – |  |  | 19,661
Interest credited to policyholders |  | – |  | – |  | 18,110 |  | – |  |  | 18,110
Change in allowance for losses on trade receivables |  | (179) |  | – |  | 11 |  | – |  |  | (168)
Change in allowance for inventory reserve |  | (872) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (872)
Net gain on sale of real and personal property |  | (74,631) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (74,631)
Net gain on sale of investments |  | – |  | (841) |  | (3,084) |  | – |  |  | (3,925)
Deferred income taxes |  | 66,628 |  | 8,030 |  | 1,842 |  | – |  |  | 76,500
Net change in other operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Reinsurance recoverables and trade receivables |  | (3,213) |  | 16,830 |  | (3,985) |  | – |  |  | 9,632
Inventories |  | (1,579) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (1,579)
Prepaid expenses |  | (65,720) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (65,720)
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs |  | – |  | – |  | (27,084) |  | – |  |  | (27,084)
Other assets |  | 4,437 |  | 102 |  | (804) |  | – |  |  | 3,735
Related party assets |  | 27,753 |  | (258) |  | – |  | 211 | (b) |  | 27,706
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |  | 91,409 |  | 22 |  | 7,446 |  | – |  |  | 98,877
Policy benefits and losses, claims and loss expenses payable |  | (4,327) |  | (23,472) |  | 10,178 |  | – |  |  | (17,621)
Other policyholders' funds and liabilities |  | – |  | 317 |  | 671 |  | – |  |  | 988
Deferred income |  | (13,181) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (13,181)
Related party liabilities |  | (1,016) |  | 428 |  | (67) |  | (211) | (b) |  | (866)
Net cash provided (used) by operating activities |  | 700,263 |  | 16,575 |  | 42,261 |  | – |  |  | 759,099
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchases of: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment |  | (1,041,931) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (1,041,931)
Short term investments |  | – |  | (40,583) |  | (249,796) |  | – |  |  | (290,379)
Fixed maturities investments |  | – |  | (43,062) |  | (171,309) |  | – |  |  | (214,371)
Equity securities |  | – |  | (3,333) |  | (426) |  | – |  |  | (3,759)
Preferred stock |  | – |  | (1,006) |  | (1,000) |  | – |  |  | (2,006)
Real estate |  | – |  | (7,857) |  | (7,542) |  | – |  |  | (15,399)
Mortgage loans |  | (22,876) |  | (4,350) |  | (15,457) |  | – |  |  | (42,683)
Proceeds from sales and paydowns of: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment |  | 411,629 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 411,629
Short term investments |  | – |  | 53,112 |  | 234,771 |  | – |  |  | 287,883
Fixed maturities investments |  | – |  | 18,556 |  | 89,311 |  | – |  |  | 107,867
Equity securities |  | – |  | 3,082 |  | – |  | – |  |  | 3,082
Preferred stock |  | – |  | 400 |  | 2,027 |  | – |  |  | 2,427
Real estate |  | – |  | – |  | 396 |  | – |  |  | 396
Mortgage loans |  | 28,089 |  | 4,203 |  | 9,691 |  | – |  |  | 41,983
Net cash provided (used) by investing activities |  | (625,089) |  | (20,838) |  | (109,334) |  | – |  |  | (755,261)
(a) Balance for the period ended December 31, 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(b) Eliminate intercompany investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Continuation of consolidating cash flow statements by industry segment for the year ended March 31, 20 15, are as follows:

|  | Moving & Storage Consolidated |  | Property & Casualty Insurance (a) |  | Life Insurance (a) |  | Elimination |  |  | AMERCO Consolidated
|  | (In thousands)
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Borrowings from credit facilities |  | 657,535 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 657,535
Principal repayments on credit facilities |  | (593,722) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (593,722)
Debt issuance costs |  | (12,327) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (12,327)
Capital lease payments |  | (121,202) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (121,202)
Purchases of Employee Stock Ownership Plan Shares |  | (7,939) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (7,939)
Common stock dividends paid |  | (19,594) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (19,594)
Investment contract deposits |  | – |  | – |  | 105,019 |  | – |  |  | 105,019
Investment contract withdrawals |  | – |  | – |  | (54,108) |  | – |  |  | (54,108)
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities |  | (97,249) |  | – |  | 50,911 |  | – |  |  | (46,338)
Effects of exchange rate on cash |  | (10,762) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (10,762)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |  | (32,837) |  | (4,263) |  | (16,162) |  | – |  |  | (53,262)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |  | 464,710 |  | 12,758 |  | 17,644 |  | – |  |  | 495,112
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 431,873 | $ | 8,495 | $ | 1,482 | $ | – |  | $ | 441,850
(a) Balance for the period ended December 31, 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Consolidating cash flow statements by industry segment for the year ended March 31, 201 4 are as follows:

|  | Moving & Storage Consolidated |  | Property & Casualty Insurance (a) |  | Life Insurance (a) |  | Elimination |  |  | AMERCO Consolidated
|  | (In thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net earnings | $ | 342,391 | $ | 12,662 | $ | 17,330 | $ | (29,992) |  | $ | 342,391
Earnings from consolidated subsidiaries |  | (29,992) |  | – |  | – |  | 29,992 |  |  | –
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to the cash provided by operations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation |  | 293,169 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 293,169
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |  | – |  | – |  | 19,982 |  | – |  |  | 19,982
Interest credited to policyholders |  | – |  | – |  | 22,890 |  | – |  |  | 22,890
Change in allowance for losses on trade receivables |  | (28) |  | – |  | (8) |  | – |  |  | (36)
Change in allowance for inventory reserve |  | 871 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 871
Net gain on sale of real and personal property |  | (33,557) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (33,557)
Net gain on sale of investments |  | (1,325) |  | (536) |  | (4,550) |  | – |  |  | (6,411)
Deferred income taxes |  | 34,605 |  | 7,301 |  | 4,465 |  | – |  |  | 46,371
Net change in other operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Reinsurance recoverables and trade receivables |  | 14,328 |  | 43,675 |  | 4,503 |  | – |  |  | 62,506
Inventories |  | (11,495) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (11,495)
Prepaid expenses |  | 2,186 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 2,186
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs |  | – |  | – |  | (32,611) |  | – |  |  | (32,611)
Other assets |  | 8,670 |  | (781) |  | (222) |  | – |  |  | 7,667
Related party assets |  | 11,060 |  | (4,231) |  | – |  | 725 | (b) |  | 7,554
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |  | 32,394 |  | 62 |  | 3,909 |  | – |  |  | 36,365
Policy benefits and losses, claims and loss expenses payable |  | (8,202) |  | (34,968) |  | 12,674 |  | – |  |  | (30,496)
Other policyholders' funds and liabilities |  | – |  | 513 |  | 118 |  | – |  |  | 631
Deferred income |  | 1,259 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 1,259
Related party liabilities |  | 5,647 |  | (131) |  | (61) |  | (725) | (b) |  | 4,730
Net cash provided (used) by operating activities |  | 661,981 |  | 23,566 |  | 48,419 |  | – |  |  | 733,966
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchases of: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment |  | (1,000,243) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (1,000,243)
Short term investments |  | – |  | (60,551) |  | (210,139) |  | – |  |  | (270,690)
Fixed maturities investments |  | – |  | (58,790) |  | (223,634) |  | – |  |  | (282,424)
Equity securities |  | – |  | (746) |  | (816) |  | – |  |  | (1,562)
Preferred stock |  | – |  | (640) |  | – |  | – |  |  | (640)
Real estate |  | – |  | – |  | (532) |  | – |  |  | (532)
Mortgage loans |  | (21,349) |  | (3,500) |  | (39,159) |  | 11,589 | (b) |  | (52,419)
Proceeds from sales and paydowns of: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment |  | 270,053 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 270,053
Short term investments |  | – |  | 68,852 |  | 200,200 |  | – |  |  | 269,052
Fixed maturities investments |  | – |  | 17,106 |  | 121,295 |  | – |  |  | 138,401
Equity securities |  | 26,569 |  | 2,570 |  | – |  | – |  |  | 29,139
Preferred stock |  | – |  | 4,504 |  | 1,500 |  | – |  |  | 6,004
Real estate |  | 193 |  | – |  | 351 |  | – |  |  | 544
Mortgage loans |  | 38,959 |  | 6,267 |  | 15,049 |  | (11,589) | (b) |  | 48,686
Net cash provided (used) by investing activities |  | (685,818) |  | (24,928) |  | (135,885) |  | – |  |  | (846,631)
(a) Balance for the period ended December 31, 2013 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(b) Eliminate intercompany investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

amerco and consolidated subsidiaries

notes to consolidated financial statements – (continued)

Continuation of consolidating cash flow statements by industry segment for the year ended March 31, 201 4 are as follows:

|  | Moving & Storage Consolidated |  | Property & Casualty Insurance (a) |  | Life Insurance (a) |  | Elimination |  |  | AMERCO Consolidated
|  | (In thousands)
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Borrowings from credit facilities |  | 431,029 |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | 431,029
Principal repayments on credit facilities |  | (293,068) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (293,068)
Debt issuance costs |  | (3,943) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (3,943)
Capital lease payments |  | (53,079) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (53,079)
Purchases of Employee Stock Ownership Plan Shares |  | (207) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (207)
Securitization deposits |  | – |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | –
Common stock dividends paid |  | (19,568) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (19,568)
Investment contract deposits |  | – |  | – |  | 117,723 |  | – |  |  | 117,723
Investment contract withdrawals |  | – |  | – |  | (34,677) |  | – |  |  | (34,677)
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities |  | 61,164 |  | – |  | 83,046 |  | – |  |  | 144,210
Effects of exchange rate on cash |  | (177) |  | – |  | – |  | – |  |  | (177)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |  | 37,150 |  | (1,362) |  | (4,420) |  | – |  |  | 31,368
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |  | 427,560 |  | 14,120 |  | 22,064 |  | – |  |  | 463,744
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 464,710 | $ | 12,758 | $ | 17,644 | $ | – |  | $ | 495,112
(a) Balance for the period ended December 31, 2013 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

SCHEDULE I

CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF AMERCO

BALANCE SHEETS

|  | March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015
|  | (In thousands)
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 381,690 | $ | 291,550
Investment in subsidiaries |  | 1,185,021 |  | 813,735
Related party assets |  | 1,249,835 |  | 1,225,044
Other assets |  | 94,128 |  | 85,409
Total assets | $ | 2,910,674 | $ | 2,415,738
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Liabilities: |  |  |  |
Other liabilities | $ | 653,082 | $ | 524,988
|  | 653,082 |  | 524,988
Stockholders' equity: |  |  |  |
Preferred stock |  | – |  | –
Common stock |  | 10,497 |  | 10,497
Additional paid-in capital |  | 451,839 |  | 449,878
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |  | (60,525) |  | (34,365)
Retained earnings: |  |  |  |
Beginning of period |  | 2,142,390 |  | 1,805,243
Net earnings |  | 489,001 |  | 356,741
Dividends |  | (97,960) |  | (19,594)
End of period |  | 2,533,431 |  | 2,142,390
Cost of common shares in treasury |  | (525,653) |  | (525,653)
Cost of preferred shares in treasury |  | (151,997) |  | (151,997)
Total stockholders' equity |  | 2,257,592 |  | 1,890,750
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | 2,910,674 | $ | 2,415,738

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF AMERCO

STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

|  | Years Ended March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
|  | (In thousands, except share and per share data)
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |
Net interest income and other revenues | $ | 2,420 | $ | 4,862 | $ | 6,465
Expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating expenses |  | 7,525 |  | 7,055 |  | 6,636
Other expenses |  | 111 |  | 99 |  | 97
Total expenses |  | 7,636 |  | 7,154 |  | 6,733
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries |  | 417,087 |  | 300,566 |  | 287,803
Interest income |  | 93,873 |  | 75,241 |  | 86,916
Pretax earnings |  | 505,744 |  | 373,515 |  | 374,451
Income tax expense |  | (16,743) |  | (16,774) |  | (32,060)
Earnings available to common shareholders | $ | 489,001 | $ | 356,741 | $ | 342,391
Basic and diluted earnings per common share | $ | 24.95 | $ | 18.21 | $ | 17.51
Weighted average common shares outstanding: Basic and diluted |  | 19,596,110 |  | 19,586,633 |  | 19,558,758

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF AMERCO

STATEMENTS OF comprehensive income

|  | Years Ended March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
|  | (In thousands, except share and per share data)
Net earnings | $ | 489,001 | $ | 356,741 | $ | 342,391
Other comprehensive income (loss) |  | (26,160) |  | 19,558 |  | (31,243)
Total comprehensive income | $ | 462,841 | $ | 376,299 | $ | 311,148

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF AMERCO

STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOW

|  | Years Ended March 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
|  | (In thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Net earnings | $ | 489,001 | $ | 356,741 | $ | 342,391
Change in investments in subsidiaries |  | (417,087) |  | (300,566) |  | (287,803)
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to cash provided by operations: |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation |  | 6 |  | 6 |  | 5
Net gain on sale of investments |  | – |  | – |  | (1,325)
Deferred income taxes |  | 124,838 |  | 66,628 |  | 34,605
Net change in other operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Prepaid expenses |  | (8,723) |  | (66,786) |  | 3,938
Other assets |  | 6 |  | 84 |  | (41)
Related party assets |  | 56,849 |  | (539) |  | –
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |  | (14) |  | 5,239 |  | 6,589
Net cash provided by operating activities |  | 244,876 |  | 60,807 |  | 98,359
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchases of property, plant and equipment |  | (8) |  | – |  | (2)
Proceeds of equity securities |  | – |  | – |  | 26,569
Net cash provided by investing activities |  | (8) |  | – |  | 26,567
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds from (repayments) of intercompany loans |  | (76,354) |  | (71,207) |  | (110,933)
Common stock dividends paid |  | (78,374) |  | (19,594) |  | (19,568)
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities |  | (154,728) |  | (90,801) |  | (130,501)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |  | 90,140 |  | (29,994) |  | (5,575)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |  | 291,550 |  | 321,544 |  | 327,119
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 381,690 | $ | 291,550 | $ | 321,544

Income taxes paid, net of income taxes refunds received, amounted to $141.9 million, $1 95.1 million and $1 38.4 million for fiscal 201 6, 201 5 and 201 4, respectively.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF AMERCO

NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

March 31, 20 16, 20 15, and 20 14

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

AMERCO, a Nevada corporation, was incorporated in April, 1969, and is the holding Company for U-Haul International, Inc., Amerco Real Estate Company, Rep w est Insurance Company and Oxford Life Insurance Company. The financial statements of the Registrant should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in this Annual Report.

AMERCO is included in a consolidated Federal income tax return with all of its U.S. subsidiaries. Accordingly, the provision for income taxes has been calculated for Federal income taxes of AMERCO and subsidiaries included in the consolidated return of the Registrant. State taxes for all subsidiaries are allocated to the respective subsidiaries.

The financial statements include only the accounts of AMERCO, which include certain of the corporate operations of AMERCO. The interest in AMERCO’s majority owned subsidiaries is accounted for on the equity method. The intercompany interest income and expenses are eliminated in the Consolidated Financial Statements.

2. Guarantees

AMERCO has guaranteed performance of certain long-term leases and other obligations. See Note 17, Contingent Liabilities and Commitments and Note 19, Related Party Transactions of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

SCHEDULE II

AMERCO AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS

|  | Balance at Beginning of Year |  | Additions Charged to Costs and Expenses |  | Additions Charged to Other Accounts |  | Deductions |  | Balance at Year End
Year ended March 31, 2016 |  | (In thousands)
Allowance for doubtful accounts |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(deducted from trade receivable) | $ | 790 | $ | 967 | $ | – | $ | (1,172) | $ | 585
Allowance for obsolescence |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(deducted from inventory) | $ | 1,384 | $ | 213 | $ | – | $ | – | $ | 1,597
Allowance for LIFO |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(deducted from inventory) | $ | 15,019 | $ | – | $ | – | $ | (1,556) | $ | 13,463
Allowance for probable losses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(deducted from mortgage loans) | $ | 370 | $ | – | $ | – | $ | (2) | $ | 368
Year ended March 31, 2015 |  |
Allowance for doubtful accounts |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(deducted from trade receivable) | $ | 958 | $ | 994 | $ | – | $ | (1,162) | $ | 790
Allowance for obsolescence |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(deducted from inventory) | $ | 2,487 | $ | – | $ | – | $ | (1,103) | $ | 1,384
Allowance for LIFO |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(deducted from inventory) | $ | 14,788 | $ | 231 | $ | – | $ | – | $ | 15,019
Allowance for probable losses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(deducted from mortgage loans) | $ | 370 | $ | – | $ | – | $ | – | $ | 370
Year ended March 31, 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for doubtful accounts |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(deducted from trade receivable) | $ | 994 | $ | 958 | $ | – | $ | (994) | $ | 958
Allowance for obsolescence |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(deducted from inventory) | $ | 1,711 | $ | 776 | $ | – | $ | – | $ | 2,487
Allowance for LIFO |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(deducted from inventory) | $ | 14,693 | $ | 95 | $ | – | $ | – | $ | 14,788
Allowance for probable losses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(deducted from mortgage loans) | $ | 370 | $ | – | $ | – | $ | – | $ | 370

SCHEDULE V

AMERCO AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES
SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION (FOR PROPERTY-CASUALTY INSURANCE Operations)

Years Ended December 31, 20 15, 20 14 AND 20 13

Fiscal Year |  | Affiliation with Registrant |  | Deferred Policy Acquisition Cost |  | Reserves for Unpaid Claims and Adjustment Expenses |  | Discount if any, Deducted |  | Unearned Premiums |  | Net Earned Premiums (1) |  | Net Investment Income (2) |  | Claim and Claim Adjustment Expenses Incurred Related to Current Year |  | Claim and Claim Adjustment Expenses Incurred Related to Prior Year |  | Amortization of Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs |  | Paid Claims and Claim Adjustment Expense |  | Net Premiums Written (1)
(In thousands)
2016 |  | Consolidated property casualty entity | $ | – | $ | 251,964 | $ | N/A | $ | 59 | $ | 50,020 | $ | 13,491 | $ | 12,214 | $ | 84 | $ | – | $ | 18,360 | $ | 50,034
2015 |  | Consolidated property casualty entity | $ | – | $ | 271,609 | $ | N/A | $ | 45 | $ | 46,456 | $ | 11,980 | $ | 11,690 | $ | (694) | $ | – | $ | 18,872 | $ | 46,452
2014 |  | Consolidated property casualty entity |  | – |  | 295,126 |  | N/A |  | 49 |  | 41,052 |  | 10,057 |  | 9,861 |  | 1,652 |  | – |  | 6,576 |  | 41,065

(1) The earned and written premiums are reported net of intersegment transactions. There were no earned premiums eliminated for t he years ended December 31, 2015, 201 4 and 201 3, respectively.

(2) Net Investment Income excludes net realized (gains) losses on investments of ($1.3) million, ($0.8) million and ($0.5) million for the years ended December 31, 201 5, 201 4 and 201 3, respectively.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

AMERCO

Date: May 25, 2016 |  | /s/ Edward J. Shoen
|  | E dward J. Shoen
|  | P resident and Chairman of the Board
|  | (Duly Authorized Officer)
Date: May 25, 2016 |  | /s/ Jason A. Berg
|  | Jason A. Berg
|  | Chief Accounting Officer
|  | (Principal Financial Officer)

POWER OF ATTORNEY

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Edward J. Shoen his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorney-in-fact and agent, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act or things requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully and to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact and agent, or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature | Title | Date
/s/ Jason A. Berg | Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Financial Officer) | May 25, 2016
J ason A. Berg |  |
/s/ James E. Acridge | Director | May 25, 2016
James E. Acridge |  |
/s/ Charles J. Bayer | Director | May 25, 2016
C harles J. Bayer |  |
/s/ John P. Brogan | Director | May 25, 2016
J ohn P. Brogan |  |
/s/ John M. Dodds | Director | May 25, 2016
J ohn M. Dodds |  |
/s/ Michael L. Gallagher | Director | May 25, 2016
M ichael L. Gallagher |  |
/s/ Daniel R. Mullen | Director | May 25, 2016
D aniel R. Mullen |  |
/s/ Samuel J. Shoen | Director | May 25, 2016
Samuel J. Shoen |  |