10-Q 1 a10q6302016.htm 10-Q
Table of Contents
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
QUARTERLY REPORT

(Mark One) |  |
þ |  | Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
|  | For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2016

OR

o |  | Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
|  | For the transition period from to

Commission file number: 1-12162
BORGWARNER INC.
________________________________________________
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware |  | 13-3404508
State or other jurisdiction of |  | (I.R.S. Employer
Incorporation or organization |  | Identification No.)
3850 Hamlin Road, Auburn Hills, Michigan |  | 48326
(Address of principal executive offices) |  | (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (248) 754-9200
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
YES þ NO o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
YES þ NO o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer | þ | Accelerated filer | o | Non-accelerated filer | o | Smaller reporting company | o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
YES o NO þ
As of July 22, 2016, the registrant had 214,265,791 shares of voting common stock outstanding.

BORGWARNER INC.
FORM 10-Q
THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2016
INDEX

| Page No.
PART I. Financial Information |
Item 1. Financial Statements |
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 (Unaudited) | 3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 (Unaudited) | 4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 (Unaudited) | 5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 (Unaudited) | 6
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) | 7
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 28
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 39
Item 4. Controls and Procedures | 39
PART II. Other Information |
Item 1. Legal Proceedings | 39
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 40
Item 6. Exhibits | 41
SIGNATURES | 42

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
BORGWARNER INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)

(in millions) | June 30, 2016 |  | December 31, 2015
ASSETS |  |  |
Cash | $ | 495.0 |  |  | $ | 577.7 |
Receivables, net | 1,806.9 |  |  | 1,665.0 |
Inventories, net | 744.6 |  |  | 723.6 |
Prepayments and other current assets | 160.4 |  |  | 168.9 |
Total current assets | 3,206.9 |  |  | 3,135.2 |
Property, plant and equipment, net | 2,502.8 |  |  | 2,448.1 |
Investments and other long-term receivables | 508.9 |  |  | 460.9 |
Goodwill | 1,767.0 |  |  | 1,757.7 |
Other intangible assets, net | 525.3 |  |  | 543.8 |
Other non-current assets | 477.7 |  |  | 480.0 |
Total assets | $ | 8,988.6 |  |  | $ | 8,825.7 |
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY |  |  |  |  |
Notes payable and other short-term debt | $ | 515.3 |  |  | $ | 441.4 |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | 1,790.7 |  |  | 1,866.4 |
Income taxes payable | 93.8 |  |  | 49.4 |
Total current liabilities | 2,399.8 |  |  | 2,357.2 |
Long-term debt | 2,119.5 |  |  | 2,108.9 |
Other non-current liabilities: |  |  |  |  |
Retirement-related liabilities | 302.7 |  |  | 312.9 |
Other | 410.5 |  |  | 415.2 |
Total other non-current liabilities | 713.2 |  |  | 728.1 |
Common stock | 2.5 |  |  | 2.5 |
Capital in excess of par value | 1,091.5 |  |  | 1,109.7 |
Retained earnings | 4,482.4 |  |  | 4,210.1 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (593.8 | ) |  | (610.2 | )
Common stock held in treasury | (1,300.9 | ) |  | (1,158.4 | )
Total BorgWarner Inc. stockholders’ equity | 3,681.7 |  |  | 3,553.7 |
Noncontrolling interest | 74.4 |  |  | 77.8 |
Total equity | 3,756.1 |  |  | 3,631.5 |
Total liabilities and equity | $ | 8,988.6 |  |  | $ | 8,825.7 |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
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BORGWARNER INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions, except share and per share amounts) | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Net sales | $ | 2,329.2 |  |  | $ | 2,031.9 |  |  | $ | 4,597.8 |  |  | $ | 4,016.1 |
Cost of sales | 1,832.5 |  |  | 1,602.9 |  |  | 3,636.8 |  |  | 3,158.1 |
Gross profit | 496.7 |  |  | 429.0 |  |  | 961.0 |  |  | 858.0 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 202.3 |  |  | 167.4 |  |  | 390.7 |  |  | 335.6 |
Other expense, net | 25.0 |  |  | 19.1 |  |  | 36.7 |  |  | 20.3 |
Operating income | 269.4 |  |  | 242.5 |  |  | 533.6 |  |  | 502.1 |
Equity in affiliates’ earnings, net of tax | (10.1 | ) |  | (11.1 | ) |  | (19.2 | ) |  | (19.6 | )
Interest income | (1.5 | ) |  | (1.6 | ) |  | (3.1 | ) |  | (3.3 | )
Interest expense and finance charges | 21.4 |  |  | 17.6 |  |  | 42.7 |  |  | 27.6 |
Earnings before income taxes and noncontrolling interest | 259.6 |  |  | 237.6 |  |  | 513.2 |  |  | 497.4 |
Provision for income taxes | 84.2 |  |  | 80.2 |  |  | 164.6 |  |  | 152.3 |
Net earnings | 175.4 |  |  | 157.4 |  |  | 348.6 |  |  | 345.1 |
Net earnings attributable to the noncontrolling interest, net of tax | 11.0 |  |  | 9.3 |  |  | 20.1 |  |  | 18.1 |
Net earnings attributable to BorgWarner Inc. | $ | 164.4 |  |  | $ | 148.1 |  |  | $ | 328.5 |  |  | $ | 327.0 |
Earnings per share — basic | $ | 0.76 |  |  | $ | 0.66 |  |  | $ | 1.52 |  |  | $ | 1.45 |
Earnings per share — diluted | $ | 0.76 |  |  | $ | 0.65 |  |  | $ | 1.51 |  |  | $ | 1.44 |
Weighted average shares outstanding (thousands): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | 215,735 |  |  | 225,353 |  |  | 216,562 |  |  | 225,575 |
Diluted | 216,663 |  |  | 226,615 |  |  | 217,401 |  |  | 226,852 |
Dividends declared per share | $ | 0.13 |  |  | $ | 0.13 |  |  | $ | 0.26 |  |  | $ | 0.26 |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
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BORGWARNER INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(UNAUDITED)

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions) | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Net earnings attributable to BorgWarner Inc. | $ | 164.4 |  |  | $ | 148.1 |  |  | $ | 328.5 |  |  | $ | 327.0 |
Other comprehensive (loss) income |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | (54.5 | ) |  | 84.2 |  |  | 13.9 |  |  | (165.6 | )
Hedge instruments* | 1.7 |  |  | (2.7 | ) |  | 3.4 |  |  | 1.5 |
Defined benefit postretirement plans* | 0.6 |  |  | (4.3 | ) |  | 0.4 |  |  | 8.0 |
Other* | (0.8 | ) |  | 0.2 |  |  | (1.3 | ) |  | 0.2 |
Total other comprehensive (loss) income attributable to BorgWarner Inc. | (53.0 | ) |  | 77.4 |  |  | 16.4 |  |  | (155.9 | )
Comprehensive income attributable to BorgWarner Inc. | 111.4 |  |  | 225.5 |  |  | 344.9 |  |  | 171.1 |
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to the noncontrolling interest | (1.5 | ) |  | (0.7 | ) |  | 0.1 |  |  | (0.6 | )
Comprehensive income | $ | 109.9 |  |  | $ | 224.8 |  |  | $ | 345.0 |  |  | $ | 170.5 |

____________________________________

* | Net of income taxes.

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
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BORGWARNER INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

| Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions) | 2016 |  | 2015
OPERATING |  |  |
Net earnings | $ | 348.6 |  |  | $ | 345.1 |
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash flows from operations: |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 193.4 |  |  | 158.0 |
Restructuring expense, net of cash paid | 9.8 |  |  | 19.1 |
Gain on previously held equity interest | — |  |  | (10.8 | )
Stock-based compensation expense | 20.3 |  |  | 20.6 |
Deferred income tax provision | 23.5 |  |  | 22.3 |
Equity in affiliates’ earnings, net of dividends received, and other | (24.3 | ) |  | (18.7 | )
Net earnings adjusted for non-cash charges to operations | 571.3 |  |  | 535.6 |
Changes in assets and liabilities: |  |  |  |  |
Receivables | (123.1 | ) |  | (174.8 | )
Inventories | (14.1 | ) |  | (41.1 | )
Prepayments and other current assets | (0.9 | ) |  | (17.2 | )
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | (54.3 | ) |  | 28.8 |
Income taxes payable | (1.7 | ) |  | 20.1 |
Other non-current assets and liabilities | (15.0 | ) |  | (32.1 | )
Net cash provided by operating activities | 362.2 |  |  | 319.3 |
INVESTING |  |  |  |  |
Capital expenditures, including tooling outlays | (234.7 | ) |  | (285.0 | )
Payment for business acquired, net of cash acquired | — |  |  | (12.6 | )
Proceeds from asset disposals and other | 5.8 |  |  | 2.5 |
Net cash used in investing activities | (228.9 | ) |  | (295.1 | )
FINANCING |  |  |  |  |
Net increase (decrease) in notes payable | 65.2 |  |  | (539.0 | )
Additions to long-term debt, net of debt issuance costs | — |  |  | 1,015.9 |
Repayments of long-term debt, including current portion | (9.3 | ) |  | (15.5 | )
Payments for purchase of treasury stock | (183.8 | ) |  | (62.9 | )
(Payments for) proceeds from stock-based compensation items | (3.3 | ) |  | 0.4 |
Dividends paid to BorgWarner stockholders | (56.2 | ) |  | (58.7 | )
Dividends paid to noncontrolling stockholders | (23.5 | ) |  | (18.1 | )
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | (210.9 | ) |  | 322.1 |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | (5.1 | ) |  | (36.2 | )
Net (decrease) increase in cash | (82.7 | ) |  | 310.1 |
Cash at beginning of year | 577.7 |  |  | 797.8 |
Cash at end of period | $ | 495.0 |  |  | $ | 1,107.9 |
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION |  |  |  |
Cash paid during the period for: |  |  |  |
Interest | $ | 44.8 |  |  | $ | 24.8 |
Income taxes, net of refunds | $ | 143.7 |  |  | $ | 75.8 |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
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BORGWARNER INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
(1) Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of BorgWarner Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiaries (the “Company”) have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes necessary for a comprehensive presentation of financial position, results of operations and cash flow activity required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of results have been included. Operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2016. The balance sheet as of December 31, 2015 was derived from the audited financial statements as of that date. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation, including the adoption of Accounting Standard Update ("ASU") No. 2015-03, "Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs." The current year adoption of this guidance resulted in the reduction of assets and liabilities by approximately $16 million in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2015. For further information, refer to the Consolidated Financial Statements and Footnotes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.
Management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and accompanying notes, as well as, the amounts of revenues and expenses reported during the periods covered by those financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
(2) Research and Development Expenditures
The Company's net Research & Development ("R&D") expenditures are included in selling, general and administrative expenses of the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Customer reimbursements are netted against gross R&D expenditures as they are considered a recovery of cost. Customer reimbursements for prototypes are recorded net of prototype costs based on customer contracts, typically either when the prototype is shipped or when it is accepted by the customer. Customer reimbursements for engineering services are recorded when performance obligations are satisfied in accordance with the contract and accepted by the customer. Financial risks and rewards transfer upon shipment, acceptance of a prototype component by the customer or upon completion of the performance obligation as stated in the respective customer agreement.
The following table presents the Company’s gross and net expenditures on R&D activities:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions) | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Gross R&D expenditures | $ | 104.4 |  |  | $ | 94.2 |  |  | $ | 205.0 |  |  | $ | 186.6 |
Customer reimbursements | (19.4 | ) |  | (14.1 | ) |  | (34.7 | ) |  | (31.1 | )
Net R&D expenditures | $ | 85.0 |  |  | $ | 80.1 |  |  | $ | 170.3 |  |  | $ | 155.5 |

The Company has contracts with several customers at the Company's various R&D locations. No such contract exceeded 5% of annual net R&D expenditures in any of the periods presented.
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(3) Other Expense, net
Items included in other expense, net consist of:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions) | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Restructuring expense | $ | 19.2 |  |  | $ | 19.9 |  |  | $ | 25.6 |  |  | $ | 32.0 |
Merger and acquisition expense | 7.2 |  |  | — |  |  | 13.0 |  |  | — |
Gain on previously held equity interest | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (10.8 | )
Other income | (1.4 | ) |  | (0.8 | ) |  | (1.9 | ) |  | (0.9 | )
Other expense, net | $ | 25.0 |  |  | $ | 19.1 |  |  | $ | 36.7 |  |  | $ | 20.3 |

During the first six months of 2016 and 2015, the Company recorded restructuring expense of $25.6 million and $32.0 million, respectively. This expense relates to Drivetrain and Engine segment actions designed to improve future profitability and competitiveness, as well as a global realignment plan intended to enhance treasury management flexibility. See the Restructuring footnote to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of these expenses.
During the fourth quarter of 2015, the Company acquired 100% of the equity interests in Remy International, Inc. ("Remy"). During the first six months of 2016, the Company incurred $13.0 million of transition and realignment expenses associated with this transaction. See the Recent Transactions footnote to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of this acquisition.
During the first quarter of 2015, the Company completed the purchase of the remaining 51% of BERU Diesel Start Systems Pvt. Ltd. ("BERU Diesel") by acquiring the shares of its former joint venture partner. As a result of this transaction, the Company recorded a $10.8 million gain on the previously held equity interest in this joint venture. See the Recent Transactions footnote to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of this acquisition.
(4) Income Taxes
The Company's provision for income taxes is based upon an estimated annual tax rate for the year applied to federal, state and foreign income. On a quarterly basis, the annual effective tax rate is adjusted, as appropriate, based upon changed facts and circumstances, if any, as compared to those forecasted at the beginning of the fiscal year and each interim period thereafter.
At June 30, 2016, the Company's effective tax rate for the first six months was 32.1%. This rate includes tax benefits of $5.4 million related to restructuring expense as discussed in the Other Expense, net footnote to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, and $1.3 million related to other one-time tax adjustments, as well as a tax expense of $2.6 million related to a gain associated with the release of certain Remy light vehicle aftermarket liabilities due to the expiration of a customer contract.
At June 30, 2015, the Company's effective tax rate for the first six months was 30.6%. This rate includes tax expense of $10.3 million related to a global realignment plan, offset by tax benefits of $3.9 million related to tax settlements, $3.7 million primarily related to foreign tax incentives and $3.4 million related to restructuring expense as discussed in the Other Expense, net footnote to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
The annual effective tax rates differ from the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to foreign rates which differ from those in the U.S., the realization of certain business tax credits, including foreign tax credits, and favorable permanent differences between book and tax treatment for certain items, including equity in affiliates' earnings.
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Remy applied for a bilateral Advance Pricing Agreement ("APA") between the U.S. Internal Revenue Service and South Korean National Tax Service covering the tax years 2007 through 2014. At December 31, 2015, the Company recorded an uncertain tax benefit and related U.S. foreign tax credits of approximately $44.0 million. In the second quarter of 2016, the Company received the signed APA from the tax authorities and reclassified the related uncertain tax benefit to a current tax payable, which the Company expects to pay in the third quarter of 2016.
(5) Inventories, net
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market. The cost of certain U.S. inventories is determined by the last-in, first-out (“LIFO”) method, while other U.S. and foreign operations use the first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) or average-cost methods. Inventories consisted of the following:

| June 30, |  | December 31,
(in millions) | 2016 |  | 2015
Raw material and supplies | $ | 437.0 |  |  | $ | 412.9 |
Work in progress | 109.1 |  |  | 102.5 |
Finished goods | 212.0 |  |  | 222.4 |
FIFO inventories | 758.1 |  |  | 737.8 |
LIFO reserve | (13.5 | ) |  | (14.2 | )
Inventories, net | $ | 744.6 |  |  | $ | 723.6 |

(6) Property, Plant and Equipment, net

| June 30, |  | December 31,
(in millions) | 2016 |  | 2015
Land, land use rights and buildings | $ | 806.7 |  |  | $ | 779.9 |
Machinery and equipment | 2,340.1 |  |  | 2,154.3 |
Capital leases | 5.1 |  |  | 7.2 |
Construction in progress | 344.7 |  |  | 386.4 |
Total property, plant and equipment, gross | 3,496.6 |  |  | 3,327.8 |
Less: accumulated depreciation | (1,148.6 | ) |  | (1,036.8 | )
Property, plant and equipment, net, excluding tooling | 2,348.0 |  |  | 2,291.0 |
Tooling, net of amortization | 154.8 |  |  | 157.1 |
Property, plant and equipment, net | $ | 2,502.8 |  |  | $ | 2,448.1 |

As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, accounts payable of $49.2 million and $76.9 million, respectively, were related to property, plant and equipment purchases.
Interest costs capitalized for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 were $7.1 million and $7.7 million, respectively.
(7) Product Warranty
The Company provides warranties on some, but not all, of its products. The warranty terms are typically from one to three years. Provisions for estimated expenses related to product warranty are made at the time products are sold. These estimates are established using historical information about the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty claim settlements as well as product manufacturing and industry developments and recoveries from third parties. Management actively studies trends of warranty claims and takes action to improve product quality and minimize warranty claims. Management believes that the
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warranty accrual is appropriate; however, actual claims incurred could differ from the original estimates, requiring adjustments to the accrual.
The following table summarizes the activity in the product warranty accrual accounts:

(in millions) | 2016 |  | 2015
Beginning balance, January 1 | $ | 107.9 |  |  | $ | 132.0 |
Provisions | 34.7 |  |  | 12.7 |
Acquisitions | 3.9 |  |  | (17.1 | )
Payments | (30.8 | ) |  | (28.9 | )
Translation adjustment | 1.2 |  |  | (7.9 | )
Ending balance, June 30 | $ | 116.9 |  |  | $ | 90.8 |

Acquisition activity in 2016 of $3.9 million relates to the Company's accrual for product issues that pre-dated the Company's 2015 acquisition of Remy.
Acquisition activity in 2015 of $17.1 million relates to the Company's settlement of a significant warranty claim associated with a product issue that pre-dated the Company's 2014 acquisition of Gustav Wahler GmbH u. Co. KG ("Wahler"). Including the impact of the reversal of a corresponding receivable, this settlement had an immaterial impact on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at June 30, 2015 and Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015.
The Company’s warranty provision as a percentage of net sales has increased from 0.3% as of June 30, 2015 to 0.8% as of June 30, 2016. This change is primarily related to the Company’s fourth quarter 2015 acquisition of Remy. Furthermore, the Company's 2016 provision includes a $5.2 million warranty reversal related to the expiration of a Remy light vehicle aftermarket customer contract.
The product warranty liability is classified in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as follows:

| June 30, |  | December 31,
(in millions) | 2016 |  | 2015
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | $ | 70.6 |  |  | $ | 70.6 |
Other non-current liabilities | 46.3 |  |  | 37.3 |
Total product warranty liability | $ | 116.9 |  |  | $ | 107.9 |

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(8) Notes Payable and Long-Term Debt
As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company had short-term and long-term debt outstanding as follows:

| June 30, |  | December 31,
(in millions) | 2016 |  | 2015
Short-term debt |  |  |  |  |
Short-term borrowings | $ | 351.4 |  |  | $ | 280.7 |
Long-term debt |  |  |  |  |
5.75% Senior notes due 11/01/16 ($150 million par value) | $ | 150.9 |  |  | $ | 152.2 |
8.00% Senior notes due 10/01/19 ($134 million par value) | 140.8 |  |  | 138.5 |
4.625% Senior notes due 09/15/20 ($250 million par value) | 254.0 |  |  | 245.6 |
1.80% Senior notes due 11/7/22 (€500 million par value) | 549.6 |  |  | 536.8 |
3.375% Senior notes due 03/15/25 ($500 million par value) | 495.3 |  |  | 495.1 |
7.125% Senior notes due 02/15/29 ($121 million par value) | 118.8 |  |  | 118.7 |
4.375% Senior notes due 03/15/45 ($500 million par value) | 493.2 |  |  | 493.0 |
Term loan facilities and other | 80.8 |  |  | 89.7 |
Total long-term debt | 2,283.4 |  |  | 2,269.6 |
Less: current portion | 163.9 |  |  | 160.7 |
Long-term debt, net of current portion | $ | 2,119.5 |  |  | $ | 2,108.9 |

The Company has interest rate swaps which have the effect of converting $384.0 million of fixed rate notes to variable rates as of June 30, 2016. The fair value adjustment of these interest rate swaps as of June 30, 2016 was $6.3 million and $2.3 million on the 4.625% and 8.00% senior notes, respectively, as an increase to the hedged debt balances. The fair value adjustment of these interest rate swaps as of December 31, 2015 was $1.9 million and $0.8 million on the 4.625% and 8.00% senior notes, respectively, as a decrease to the hedged debt balances.
The Company terminated fixed to floating interest rate swaps in 2009. The gain on the termination is being amortized into interest expense over the remaining term of the notes. The fair value adjustment related to these swap terminations at June 30, 2016 was $1.0 million and $4.8 million on the 5.75% and 8.00% notes, respectively, as an increase to the notes. The fair value adjustment related to these swap terminations at December 31, 2015 was $2.4 million and $5.5 million on the 5.75% and 8.00% notes, respectively, as an increase to the notes.
The weighted average interest rate on short-term borrowings outstanding as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 was 1.3%. The weighted average interest rate on all borrowings outstanding, including the effects of outstanding swaps, as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 was 3.5% and 3.6%, respectively.
The Company has a $1 billion multi-currency revolving credit facility which includes a feature that allows the Company's borrowings to be increased to $1.25 billion. The facility provides for borrowings through June 30, 2019. The Company has one key financial covenant as part of the credit agreement which is a debt to EBITDA ("Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization") ratio. The Company was in compliance with the financial covenant at June 30, 2016 and expects to remain compliant in future periods. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company had no outstanding borrowings under this facility.
The Company's commercial paper program allows the Company to issue short-term, unsecured commercial paper notes up to a maximum aggregate principal amount outstanding of $1 billion. Under this program, the Company may issue notes from time to time and will use the proceeds for general corporate
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purposes. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company had outstanding borrowings of $270.0 million and $215.0 million, respectively, under this program, which is classified in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets in Notes payable and other short-term debt.
The total current combined borrowing capacity under the multi-currency revolving credit facility and commercial paper program cannot exceed $1 billion.
As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the estimated fair values of the Company’s senior unsecured notes totaled $2,344.9 million and $2,197.6 million, respectively. The estimated fair values were $142.3 million and $17.7 million higher than their carrying value at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. Fair market values of the senior unsecured notes are developed using observable values for similar debt instruments, which are considered Level 2 inputs as defined by ASC Topic 820. The carrying values of the Company's multi-currency revolving credit facility and commercial paper program approximates fair value. The fair value estimates do not necessarily reflect the values the Company could realize in the current markets.
The Company had outstanding letters of credit of $35.2 million and $29.3 million at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. The letters of credit typically act as guarantees of payment to certain third parties in accordance with specified terms and conditions.
(9) Fair Value Measurements
ASC Topic 820 emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity specific measurement. Therefore, a fair value measurement should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering market participant assumptions in fair value measurements, ASC Topic 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair values as follows:

Level 1: | Observable inputs such as quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets;

Level 2: | Inputs, other than quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and

Level 3: | Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are based on one or more of the following three valuation techniques noted in ASC Topic 820:

A. | Market approach: Prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets, liabilities or a group of assets or liabilities, such as a business.

B. | Cost approach: Amount that would be required to replace the service capacity of an asset (replacement cost).

C. | Income approach: Techniques to convert future amounts to a single present amount based upon market expectations (including present value techniques, option-pricing and excess earnings models).

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The following tables classify assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

|  |  | Basis of fair value measurements |  |
(in millions) | Balance at June 30, 2016 |  | Quoted prices in active markets for identical items (Level 1) |  | Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) |  | Valuation technique
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency contracts | $ | 4.7 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4.7 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | A
Interest rate swap contracts | $ | 8.6 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 8.6 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | A
Other long-term receivables (insurance settlement agreement note receivable) | $ | 81.4 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 81.4 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | C
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency contracts | $ | 4.8 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4.8 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | A
Commodity contracts | $ | 3.9 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3.9 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | A

|  |  | Basis of fair value measurements |  |
(in millions) | Balance at December 31, 2015 |  | Quoted prices in active markets for identical items (Level 1) |  | Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) |  | Valuation technique
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency contracts | $ | 2.7 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2.7 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | A
Other long-term receivables (insurance settlement agreement note receivable) | $ | 81.2 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 81.2 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | C
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency contracts | $ | 8.7 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 8.7 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | A
Commodity contracts | $ | 10.4 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 10.4 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | A
Interest rate swap contracts | $ | 2.7 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2.7 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | A

(10) Financial Instruments
The Company’s financial instruments include cash and marketable securities. Due to the short-term nature of these instruments, their book value approximates their fair value. The Company’s financial instruments may include long-term debt, interest rate and cross-currency swaps, commodity derivative contracts and foreign currency derivatives. All derivative contracts are placed with counterparties that have an S&P, or equivalent, investment grade credit rating at the time of the contracts’ placement. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company had no derivative contracts that contained credit risk related contingent features.
The Company uses certain commodity derivative contracts to protect against commodity price changes related to forecasted raw material and supplies purchases. The Company primarily utilizes forward and option contracts, which are designated as cash flow hedges. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the following commodity derivative contracts were outstanding:

| Commodity derivative contracts
Commodity | Volume hedged June 30, 2016 |  | Volume hedged December 31, 2015 |  | Units of measure |  | Duration
Copper | 2,707.3 |  |  | 6,273.2 |  |  | Metric Tons |  | Dec -16

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The Company manages its interest rate risk by balancing its exposure to fixed and variable rates while attempting to optimize its interest costs. The Company selectively uses interest rate swaps to reduce market value risk associated with changes in interest rates (fair value hedges). At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the following interest rate swaps were outstanding:

| Interest rate swap contracts
(in millions) | Hedge Type |  | Notional Amount |  | Duration
Fixed to floating | Fair value |  | $ | 250.0 |  |  | Sept - 20
Fixed to floating | Fair value |  | $ | 134.0 |  |  | Oct - 19

The Company uses foreign currency forward and option contracts to protect against exchange rate movements for forecasted cash flows, including capital expenditures, purchases, operating expenses or sales transactions designated in currencies other than the functional currency of the operating unit. In addition, the Company uses foreign currency forward contracts to hedge exposure associated with our net investment in certain foreign operations (net investment hedges). Foreign currency derivative contracts require the Company, at a future date, to either buy or sell foreign currency in exchange for the operating units’ local currency. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the following foreign currency derivative contracts were outstanding:

Foreign currency derivatives (in millions)
Functional currency |  | Traded currency |  | Notional in traded currency June 30, 2016 |  | Notional in traded currency December 31, 2015 |  | Duration
Chinese renminbi |  | Euro |  | 11.8 |  |  | 30.5 |  |  | Dec - 16
Chinese renminbi |  | US dollar |  | 24.3 |  |  | 13.8 |  |  | Jul - 17
Euro |  | British pound |  | 2.5 |  |  | — |  |  | Dec - 16
Euro |  | Hungarian forint |  | 1,706.0 |  |  | 3,434.5 |  |  | Dec - 16
Euro |  | Japanese yen |  | 1,795.5 |  |  | 487.1 |  |  | Dec - 16
Euro |  | Polish zloty |  | 43.2 |  |  | — |  |  | Dec - 16
Euro |  | US dollar |  | 26.1 |  |  | 30.1 |  |  | Dec - 16
Japanese yen |  | Chinese renminbi |  | 46.9 |  |  | 92.6 |  |  | Dec - 16
Japanese yen |  | Korean won |  | 2,555.6 |  |  | 5,998.9 |  |  | Dec - 16
Japanese yen |  | US dollar |  | 1.3 |  |  | 3.0 |  |  | Dec - 16
Korean won |  | Euro |  | 1.2 |  |  | 2.5 |  |  | Dec - 16
Korean won |  | Japanese yen |  | 319.9 |  |  | — |  |  | Dec - 16
Korean won |  | US dollar |  | 24.2 |  |  | 77.9 |  |  | Dec - 16
Swedish krona |  | Euro |  | 2.1 |  |  | — |  |  | Dec - 16
US dollar |  | Mexican peso |  | 135.6 |  |  | 469.0 |  |  | Sept - 16

At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the following amounts were recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as being payable to or receivable from counterparties under ASC Topic 815:

|  | Assets |  | Liabilities
(in millions) |  | Location |  | June 30, 2016 |  | December 31, 2015 |  | Location |  | June 30, 2016 |  | December 31, 2015
Foreign currency |  | Prepayments and other current assets |  | $ | 4.7 |  |  | $ | 2.7 |  |  | Accounts payable and accrued expenses |  | $ | 4.8 |  |  | $ | 8.7 |
Commodity |  | Prepayments and other current assets |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | Accounts payable and accrued expenses |  | $ | 3.9 |  |  | $ | 10.4 |
Interest rate swaps |  | Other non-current assets |  | $ | 8.6 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | Accounts payable and accrued expenses |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2.7 |

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Effectiveness for cash flow and net investment hedges is assessed at the inception of the hedging relationship and quarterly, thereafter. To the extent that derivative instruments are deemed to be effective, gains and losses arising from these contracts are deferred into accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ("AOCI") and reclassified into income as the underlying operating transactions are recognized. These realized gains or losses offset the hedged transaction and are recorded on the same line in the statement of operations. To the extent that derivative instruments are deemed to be ineffective, gains or losses are recognized into income.
The table below shows deferred gains (losses) reported in AOCI as well as the amount expected to be reclassified to income in one year or less. The amount expected to be reclassified to income in one year or less assumes no change in the current relationship of the hedged item at June 30, 2016 market rates.

(in millions) |  | Deferred gain (loss) in AOCI at |  | Gain (loss) expected to be reclassified to income in one year or less
Contract Type |  | June 30, 2016 |  | December 31, 2015 |
Foreign currency |  | $ | 1.4 |  |  | $ | (0.1 | ) |  | $ | 1.4 |
Commodity |  | (0.7 | ) |  | (2.1 | ) |  | (0.7 | )
Net investment hedges |  | 12.3 |  |  | 12.2 |  |  | — |
Foreign currency denominated debt designated as a net investment hedge |  | (12.4 | ) |  | 0.1 |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 0.6 |  |  | $ | 10.1 |  |  | $ | 0.7 |

Derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments as defined by ASC Topic 815 held during the period resulted in the following gains and losses recorded in income:

|  |  |  | Gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI to income (effective portion) |  |  |  | Gain (loss) recognized in income (ineffective portion)
(in millions) |  |  |  | Three Months Ended |  |  |  | Three Months Ended
Contract Type |  | Location |  | June 30, 2016 |  | June 30, 2015 |  | Location |  | June 30, 2016 |  | June 30, 2015
Foreign currency |  | Sales |  | $ | 0.2 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | SG&A expense |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (0.1 | )
Foreign currency |  | Cost of goods sold |  | $ | 0.3 |  |  | $ | 2.3 |  |  | SG&A expense |  | $ | (0.1 | ) |  | $ | — |
Commodity |  | Cost of goods sold |  | $ | (1.0 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | Cost of goods sold |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |

|  |  |  | Gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI to income (effective portion) |  |  |  | Gain (loss) recognized in income (ineffective portion)
(in millions) |  |  |  | Six Months Ended |  |  |  | Six Months Ended
Contract Type |  | Location |  | June 30, 2016 |  | June 30, 2015 |  | Location |  | June 30, 2016 |  | June 30, 2015
Foreign currency |  | Sales |  | $ | 0.2 |  |  | $ | (0.3 | ) |  | SG&A expense |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (0.4 | )
Foreign currency |  | Cost of goods sold |  | $ | (0.2 | ) |  | $ | 3.8 |  |  | SG&A expense |  | $ | 0.1 |  |  | $ | 0.1 |
Commodity |  | Cost of goods sold |  | $ | (1.1 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | Cost of goods sold |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |

(in millions) |  | Three Months Ended June 30, 2016 |  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
Income Statement Classification |  | Gain (loss) on swaps |  | Gain (loss) on borrowings |  | Gain (loss) on swaps |  | Gain (loss) on borrowings
Interest expense and finance charges |  | $ | 2.6 |  |  | $ | (2.6 | ) |  | $ | 11.3 |  |  | $ | (11.3 | )

At June 30, 2016, derivative instruments that were not designated as hedging instruments as defined by ASC Topic 815 were immaterial.
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(11) Retirement Benefit Plans
The Company has a number of defined benefit pension plans and other postretirement benefit plans covering eligible salaried and hourly employees and their dependents. The estimated contributions to the Company's defined benefit pension plans for 2016 range from $15.0 million to $25.0 million, of which $10.4 million has been contributed through the first six months of the year. The other postretirement benefit plans, which provide medical and life insurance benefits, are unfunded plans.
The components of net periodic benefit cost recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations are as follows:

|  | Pension benefits |  | Other postretirement employee benefits
(in millions) |  | 2016 |  | 2015 |
Three Months Ended June 30, |  | US |  | Non-US |  | US |  | Non-US |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Service cost |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4.2 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3.7 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Interest cost |  | 2.4 |  |  | 3.3 |  |  | 2.7 |  |  | 3.5 |  |  | 0.9 |  |  | 1.4 |
Expected return on plan assets |  | (3.8 | ) |  | (6.3 | ) |  | (4.3 | ) |  | (6.2 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |
Amortization of unrecognized prior service credit |  | (0.2 | ) |  | — |  |  | (0.2 | ) |  | — |  |  | (1.2 | ) |  | (1.4 | )
Amortization of unrecognized loss |  | 1.3 |  |  | 1.5 |  |  | 1.7 |  |  | 1.7 |  |  | 0.6 |  |  | 0.8 |
Net periodic benefit (income) cost |  | $ | (0.3 | ) |  | $ | 2.7 |  |  | $ | (0.1 | ) |  | $ | 2.7 |  |  | $ | 0.3 |  |  | $ | 0.8 |

|  | Pension benefits |  | Other postretirement employee benefits
(in millions) |  | 2016 |  | 2015 |
Six Months Ended June 30, |  | US |  | Non-US |  | US |  | Non-US |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Service cost |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 8.2 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 7.4 |  |  | $ | 0.1 |  |  | $ | 0.1 |
Interest cost |  | 4.8 |  |  | 6.5 |  |  | 5.5 |  |  | 7.1 |  |  | 1.9 |  |  | 2.8 |
Expected return on plan assets |  | (7.5 | ) |  | (12.6 | ) |  | (8.6 | ) |  | (12.4 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |
Amortization of unrecognized prior service credit |  | (0.4 | ) |  | — |  |  | (0.4 | ) |  | — |  |  | (2.4 | ) |  | (2.8 | )
Amortization of unrecognized loss |  | 2.5 |  |  | 3.1 |  |  | 3.3 |  |  | 3.4 |  |  | 1.1 |  |  | 1.5 |
Net periodic benefit (income) cost |  | $ | (0.6 | ) |  | $ | 5.2 |  |  | $ | (0.2 | ) |  | $ | 5.5 |  |  | $ | 0.7 |  |  | $ | 1.6 |

(12) Stock-Based Compensation
Under the Company's 2004 Stock Incentive Plan ("2004 Plan"), the Company granted options to purchase shares of the Company's common stock at the fair market value on the date of grant. The options vested over periods of up to three years and have a term of 10 years from date of grant. At its November 2007 meeting, the Company's Compensation Committee decided that restricted common stock awards and stock units ("restricted stock") would be awarded in place of stock options for long-term incentive award grants to employees. Restricted stock granted to employees primarily vests 50% after two years and the remainder after three years from the date of grant. Restricted stock granted to non-employee directors generally vests on the first anniversary date of the grant. In February 2014, the Company's Board of Directors replaced the expired 2004 Plan by adopting the BorgWarner Inc. 2014 Stock Incentive Plan ("2014 Plan"). On April 30, 2014, the Company's stockholders approved the 2014 Plan. Under the 2014 Plan, 8 million shares are authorized for grant, of which approximately 5.7 million shares are available for future issuance as of June 30, 2016.
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Stock options A summary of the Company’s stock option activity for the six months ended June
30, 2016 is as follows:

| Shares under option (thousands) |  | Weighted average exercise price |  | Weighted average remaining contractual life (in years) |  | Aggregate intrinsic value (in millions)
Outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2015 | 1,267 |  |  | $ | 16.59 |  |  | 0.9 |  | $ | 33.7 |
Exercised | (165 | ) |  | $ | 16.81 |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding and exercisable at March 31, 2016 | 1,102 |  |  | $ | 16.56 |  |  | 0.7 |  | $ | 24.1 |
Exercised | (224 | ) |  | $ | 14.67 |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding and exercisable at June 30, 2016 | 878 |  |  | $ | 17.04 |  |  | 0.5 |  | $ | 10.9 |

Restricted stock The value of restricted stock is determined by the market value of the Company’s common stock at the date of grant. In 2016, restricted stock in the amount of 667,874 shares and 25,048 shares was granted to employees and non-employee directors, respectively. The value of the awards is recognized as compensation expense ratably over the restriction periods. As of June 30, 2016, there was $38.2 million of unrecognized compensation expense that will be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 2 years.
The Company recorded restricted stock compensation expense of $6.7 million and $13.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively, and $6.9 million and $14.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively.
A summary of the Company’s nonvested restricted stock for the six months ended June 30, 2016 is as follows:

| Shares subject to restriction (thousands) |  | Weighted average price
Nonvested at December 31, 2015 | 1,326 |  |  | $ | 53.18 |
Granted | 668 |  |  | $ | 29.61 |
Vested | (493 | ) |  | $ | 46.06 |
Forfeited | (19 | ) |  | $ | 42.84 |
Nonvested at March 31, 2016 | 1,482 |  |  | $ | 45.03 |
Granted | 25 |  |  | $ | 38.62 |
Vested | (55 | ) |  | $ | 60.23 |
Forfeited | (12 | ) |  | $ | 47.22 |
Nonvested at June 30, 2016 | 1,440 |  |  | $ | 44.32 |

Performance Shares The 2004 and 2014 Plans provide for granting of performance shares to employees. The Company has established a performance share program to reward members of senior management based on the Company's performance in terms of total shareholder return relative to a peer group of automotive companies and revenue growth relative to the vehicle market.
The Company recorded performance share compensation expense of $4.2 million and $7.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively, and $2.9 million and $6.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively.
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(13) Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The following tables summarize the activity within accumulated other comprehensive loss during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:

(in millions) |  | Foreign currency translation adjustments |  | Hedge instruments |  | Defined benefit postretirement plans |  | Other |  | Total
Beginning balance, March 31, 2016 |  | $ | (352.8 | ) |  | $ | (0.3 | ) |  | $ | (190.1 | ) |  | $ | 2.4 |  |  | $ | (540.8 | )
Comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications |  | (54.5 | ) |  | 0.4 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | (0.8 | ) |  | (54.8 | )
Income taxes associated with comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications |  | — |  |  | 0.8 |  |  | (1.1 | ) |  | — |  |  | (0.3 | )
Reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive loss |  | — |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | 2.0 |  |  | — |  |  | 2.5 |
Income taxes reclassified into net earnings |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (0.4 | ) |  | — |  |  | (0.4 | )
Ending balance, June 30, 2016 |  | $ | (407.3 | ) |  | $ | 1.4 |  |  | $ | (189.5 | ) |  | $ | 1.6 |  |  | $ | (593.8 | )

(in millions) |  | Foreign currency translation adjustments |  | Hedge instruments |  | Defined benefit postretirement plans |  | Other |  | Total
Beginning balance, March 31, 2015 |  | $ | (410.5 | ) |  | $ | 5.9 |  |  | $ | (215.0 | ) |  | $ | 2.7 |  |  | $ | (616.9 | )
Comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications |  | 84.2 |  |  | (1.4 | ) |  | (7.9 | ) |  | 0.2 |  |  | 75.1 |
Income taxes associated with comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications |  | — |  |  | 0.3 |  |  | 1.8 |  |  | — |  |  | 2.1 |
Reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive loss |  | — |  |  | (2.3 | ) |  | 2.6 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.3 |
Income taxes reclassified into net earnings |  | — |  |  | 0.7 |  |  | (0.8 | ) |  | — |  |  | (0.1 | )
Ending balance, June 30, 2015 |  | $ | (326.3 | ) |  | $ | 3.2 |  |  | $ | (219.3 | ) |  | $ | 2.9 |  |  | $ | (539.5 | )

(in millions) |  | Foreign currency translation adjustments |  | Hedge instruments |  | Defined benefit postretirement plans |  | Other |  | Total
Beginning balance, December 31, 2015 |  | $ | (421.2 | ) |  | $ | (2.0 | ) |  | $ | (189.9 | ) |  | $ | 2.9 |  |  | $ | (610.2 | )
Comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications |  | 13.9 |  |  | 1.9 |  |  | (2.0 | ) |  | (1.3 | ) |  | 12.5 |
Income taxes associated with comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications |  | — |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | (0.2 | ) |  | — |  |  | 0.2 |
Reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive loss |  | — |  |  | 1.1 |  |  | 3.9 |  |  | — |  |  | 5.0 |
Income taxes reclassified into net earnings |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1.3 | ) |  | — |  |  | (1.3 | )
Ending balance, June 30, 2016 |  | $ | (407.3 | ) |  | $ | 1.4 |  |  | $ | (189.5 | ) |  | $ | 1.6 |  |  | $ | (593.8 | )

(in millions) |  | Foreign currency translation adjustments |  | Hedge instruments |  | Defined benefit postretirement plans |  | Other |  | Total
Beginning balance, December 31, 2014 |  | $ | (160.7 | ) |  | $ | 1.7 |  |  | $ | (227.3 | ) |  | $ | 2.7 |  |  | $ | (383.6 | )
Comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications |  | (165.6 | ) |  | 5.2 |  |  | 6.6 |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | (153.6 | )
Income taxes associated with comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications |  | — |  |  | (1.3 | ) |  | (2.2 | ) |  | — |  |  | (3.5 | )
Reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive loss |  | — |  |  | (3.5 | ) |  | 5.0 |  |  | — |  |  | 1.5 |
Income taxes reclassified into net earnings |  | — |  |  | 1.1 |  |  | (1.4 | ) |  | — |  |  | (0.3 | )
Ending balance, June 30, 2015 |  | $ | (326.3 | ) |  | $ | 3.2 |  |  | $ | (219.3 | ) |  | $ | 2.9 |  |  | $ | (539.5 | )

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(14) Contingencies
In the normal course of business, the Company is party to various commercial and legal claims, actions and complaints, including matters involving warranty claims, intellectual property claims, general liability and various other risks. It is not possible to predict with certainty whether or not the Company will ultimately be successful in any of these commercial and legal matters or, if not, what the impact might be. The Company's environmental and product liability contingencies are discussed separately below. The Company's management does not expect that an adverse outcome in any of these commercial and legal claims, actions and complaints will have a material adverse effect on the Company's results of operations, financial position or cash flows, although it could be material to the results of operations in a particular quarter.
Litigation
In January 2006, BorgWarner Diversified Transmission Products Inc. ("DTP"), a subsidiary of the Company, filed a declaratory judgment action in United States District Court, Southern District of Indiana (Indianapolis Division) against the United Automobile, Aerospace, and Agricultural Implements Workers of America (“UAW”) Local No. 287 and Gerald Poor, individually and as the representative of a defendant class. DTP sought the Court's affirmation that DTP did not violate the Labor-Management Relations Act or the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) by unilaterally amending certain medical plans effective April 1, 2006 and October 1, 2006, prior to the expiration of the then-current collective bargaining agreements. On September 10, 2008, the Court found that DTP's reservation of the right to make such amendments reducing the level of benefits provided to retirees was limited by its collectively bargained health insurance agreement with the UAW, which did not expire until April 24, 2009. Thus, the amendments were untimely. In 2008, the Company recorded a charge of $4.0 million as a result of the Court's decision.
DTP filed a declaratory judgment action in the United States District Court, Southern District of Indiana (Indianapolis Division) against the UAW Local No. 287 and Jim Barrett and others, individually and as representatives of a defendant class, on February 26, 2009 again seeking the Court's affirmation that DTP did not violate the Labor - Management Relations Act or ERISA by modifying the level of benefits provided retirees to make them comparable to other Company retiree benefit plans after April 24, 2009. Certain retirees, on behalf of themselves and others, filed a mirror-image action in the United States District Court, Eastern District of Michigan (Southern Division) on March 11, 2009, for which a class has been certified. During the last quarter of 2009, the action pending in Indiana was dismissed, while the action in Michigan is continuing. The Company is vigorously defending against the suit. This contingency is subject to many uncertainties, therefore based on the information available to date, the Company cannot reasonably estimate the amount or the range of potential loss, if any.
Environmental
The Company and certain of its current and former direct and indirect corporate predecessors, subsidiaries and divisions have been identified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and certain state environmental agencies and private parties as potentially responsible parties (“PRPs”) at various hazardous waste disposal sites under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (“Superfund”) and equivalent state laws and, as such, may presently be liable for the cost of clean-up and other remedial activities at 27 such sites. Responsibility for clean-up and other remedial activities at a Superfund site is typically shared among PRPs based on an allocation formula.
The Company believes that none of these matters, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on its results of operations, financial position or cash flows. Generally, this is because either the estimates of the maximum potential liability at a site are not material or the liability will be shared with other PRPs, although no assurance can be given with respect to the ultimate outcome of any such matter.
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Based on information available to the Company (which in most cases includes: an estimate of allocation of liability among PRPs; the probability that other PRPs, many of whom are large, solvent public companies, will fully pay the cost apportioned to them; currently available information from PRPs and/or federal or state environmental agencies concerning the scope of contamination and estimated remediation and consulting costs; and remediation alternatives), the Company has an accrual for indicated environmental liabilities of $5.2 million and $5.4 million at June 30, 2016 and at December 31, 2015, respectively. The Company expects to pay out substantially all of the amounts accrued for environmental liability over the next five years.
The Company previously resolved certain indemnity claims asserted by Kuhlman Electric Corporation (“Kuhlman Electric”), a former indirect subsidiary of the Company, arising from the Company’s 1999 acquisition of Kuhlman Electric’s parent company. The underlying claims against Kuhlman Electric, now resolved, alleged bodily injury and property damage arising from historical operations of Kuhlman Electric’s manufacturing plant in Crystal Springs, Mississippi. As part of the resolution of Kuhlman Electric’s indemnity claims, the Company is now entitled to a share of any insurance proceeds that may be obtained in connection with the underlying claims for which Kuhlman Electric sought indemnity from the Company. The Company and Kuhlman Electric are jointly pursuing insurance proceeds through coverage litigation against numerous insurers, which currently is pending in Mississippi state and federal courts.
Product Liability
Like many other industrial companies who have historically operated in the U.S., the Company (or parties the Company is obligated to indemnify) continues to be named as one of many defendants in asbestos-related personal injury actions. We believe that the Company's involvement is limited because, in general, these claims relate to a few types of automotive products that were manufactured many years ago and contained encapsulated asbestos. The nature of the fibers, the encapsulation and the manner of use lead the Company to believe that these products are highly unlikely to cause harm. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company had approximately 9,300 and 10,100 pending asbestos-related product liability claims, respectively. The decrease in the pending claims is primarily a result of the Company's continued efforts to obtain dismissal of dormant claims.
The Company's policy is to vigorously defend against these lawsuits and the Company has been successful in obtaining dismissal of many claims without any payment. The nature of the historical product being encapsulated and the lifecycle of the product allow the Company to aggressively defend against these lawsuits. The Company expects that the vast majority of the pending asbestos-related product liability claims where it is a defendant (or has an obligation to indemnify a defendant) will result in no payment being made by the Company or its insurers. In 2016, of the approximately 1,800 claims resolved, 195 (11%) resulted in payment being made to a claimant by or on behalf of the Company. In the full year of 2015, of the approximately 5,300 claims resolved, 349 (7%) resulted in payment being made to a claimant by or on behalf of the Company.
Prior to June 2004, the settlement and defense costs associated with all claims were paid by the Company's primary layer insurance carriers under a series of interim funding arrangements. In addition to the primary insurance available for asbestos-related claims, the Company has excess insurance coverage available for potential future asbestos-related product claims. In June 2004, primary layer insurance carriers notified the Company of the alleged exhaustion of their policy limits.
A declaratory judgment action was filed in January 2004 in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois by Continental Casualty Company and related companies against the Company and certain of its historical general liability insurers. The court has issued a number of interim rulings and discovery is continuing. The Company has entered into settlement agreements with some of its insurance carriers, resolving their coverage disputes by agreeing to pay specified amounts to the Company. The Company is vigorously pursuing the litigation against the remaining insurers.
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To date, the Company has paid and accrued $417.1 million in defense and indemnity costs in advance of insurers' reimbursement and has received $228.4 million in cash and notes from insurers. The net balance of $188.7 million is expected to be fully recovered. Timing of recovery is dependent on final resolution of the declaratory judgment action referred to above or additional negotiated settlements. At December 31, 2015, insurers owed $163.3 million in association with these claims.
In addition to the $188.7 million net balance relating to past settlements and defense costs, the Company has estimated a liability of $110.5 million f or claims asserted, but not yet resolved and their related defense costs at June 30, 2016. The Company also has a related asset of $110.5 million to recognize proceeds from the insurance carriers, which is expected to be fully recovered. Receipt of these proceeds is not expected prior to the resolution of the declaratory judgment action referred to above, which is expected to occur subsequent to June 30, 2017. At December 31, 2015, the comparable value of the accrued liability and associated insurance asset was $108.5 million.
The amounts recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets related to the estimated future settlement of existing claims are as follows:

| June 30, |  | December 31,
(in millions) | 2016 |  | 2015
Assets: |  |  |
Other non-current assets | $ | 110.5 |  |  | $ | 108.5 |
Total insurance assets | $ | 110.5 |  |  | $ | 108.5 |
Liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | $ | 49.8 |  |  | $ | 47.7 |
Other non-current liabilities | 60.7 |  |  | 60.8 |
Total accrued liabilities | $ | 110.5 |  |  | $ | 108.5 |

The Company believes that its ultimate liability (i.e., the total of its indemnity or other claim dispositions plus legal related fees) cannot be reasonably estimated at this time in excess of amounts accrued. The Company's ability to reasonably estimate its liability has been significantly affected by, among other factors, the volatility of asbestos-related litigation in the United States, the significant number of co-defendants that have filed for bankruptcy, the magnitude and timing of co-defendant bankruptcy trust payments, the inherent uncertainty of future disease incidence and claiming patterns against the Company, and the impact of tort reform legislation that may be enacted at the state or federal levels. The Company’s ability to reasonably estimate its liability for asbestos-related claims may also be affected in the future by the new discovery of facts; changes in litigation; the impact of any possible tort reform; changes in assumptions regarding the number and nature of asbestos-related claims, including the total population claiming exposure; the amounts of any judgments over time; and changes in settlement/defense strategies. The Company reviews factors relevant to asbestos-related claims that have been, or may in the future be, asserted against it on an ongoing basis.
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(15) Restructuring
In the fourth quarter of 2013, the Company initiated actions primarily in the Drivetrain segment designed to improve future profitability and competitiveness. As a continuation of these actions, the Company finalized severance agreements with three labor unions at separate facilities in Western Europe for approximately 450 employees. The Company recorded restructuring expense related to these facilities of $5.6 million and $8.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively, and $7.9 million and $15.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively. Included in this restructuring expense are employee termination benefits of $1.8 million and $3.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively, and $6.8 million and $13.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively. Additionally, the Company recorded other restructuring expense of $3.8 million and $5.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively, and $1.1 million and $2.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively.
In the second quarter of 2014, the Company initiated actions to improve the future profitability and competitiveness of Wahler. The Company recorded restructuring expense related to Wahler of $8.0 million and $9.6 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively, and $2.6 million in the six months ended June 30, 2015. Included in this restructuring expense are employee termination benefits of $3.1 million and $4.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively.
In the fourth quarter of 2015, the Company acquired 100% of the equity interests in Remy and initiated actions to improve future profitability and competitiveness. The Company recorded restructuring expense of $3.7 million and $4.8 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively. Included in this restructuring expense is $3.1 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 related to winding down certain operations in North America. Additionally, the Company recorded employee termination benefits of $0.6 million and $1.7 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively, primarily related to contractually required severance associated with Remy executive officers and other employee termination benefits in Mexico. Cash payments for these restructuring activities are expected to be complete by the end of 2017.
The Company recorded restructuring expense of $9.4 million and $12.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively, related to a global realignment plan intended to enhance treasury management flexibility by creating a legal entity structure that better aligns with the Company's business strategy.
Estimates of restructuring expense are based on information available at the time such charges are recorded. Due to the inherent uncertainty involved in estimating restructuring expenses, actual amounts paid for such activities may differ from amounts initially recorded. Accordingly, the Company may record revisions of previous estimates by adjusting previously established accruals.
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The following tables display a rollforward of the severance accruals recorded within the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet and the related cash flow activity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:

|  | Severance Accruals
(in millions) |  | Drivetrain |  | Engine |  | Total
Balance at December 31, 2015 |  | $ | 25.3 |  |  | $ | 4.1 |  |  | $ | 29.4 |
Provision |  | 2.3 |  |  | 1.0 |  |  | 3.3 |
Cash payments |  | (17.3 | ) |  | (2.3 | ) |  | (19.6 | )
Translation adjustment |  | 0.7 |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | 0.9 |
Balance at March 31, 2016 |  | $ | 11.0 |  |  | $ | 3.0 |  |  | $ | 14.0 |
Provision |  | 2.4 |  |  | 4.6 |  |  | 7.0 |
Cash payments |  | (5.3 | ) |  | (2.2 | ) |  | (7.5 | )
Translation adjustment |  | (0.2 | ) |  | (0.1 | ) |  | (0.3 | )
Balance at June 30, 2016 |  | $ | 7.9 |  |  | $ | 5.3 |  |  | $ | 13.2 |

|  | Severance Accruals
(in millions) |  | Drivetrain |  | Engine |  | Total
Balance at December 31, 2014 |  | $ | 41.9 |  |  | $ | 2.0 |  |  | $ | 43.9 |
Provision |  | 7.4 |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | 7.8 |
Cash payments |  | (10.7 | ) |  | (0.9 | ) |  | (11.6 | )
Translation adjustment |  | (4.7 | ) |  | (0.2 | ) |  | (4.9 | )
Balance at March 31, 2015 |  | $ | 33.9 |  |  | $ | 1.3 |  |  | $ | 35.2 |
Provision |  | 6.8 |  |  | 2.6 |  |  | 9.4 |
Cash payments |  | (25.9 | ) |  | (1.7 | ) |  | (27.6 | )
Translation adjustment |  | 1.3 |  |  | — |  |  | 1.3 |
Balance at June 30, 2015 |  | $ | 16.1 |  |  | $ | 2.2 |  |  | $ | 18.3 |

(16) Earnings Per Share
The Company presents both basic and diluted earnings per share of common stock (“EPS”) amounts. Basic EPS is calculated by dividing net earnings attributable to BorgWarner Inc. by the weighted average shares of common stock outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted EPS is calculated by dividing net earnings attributable to BorgWarner Inc. by the weighted average shares of common stock and common equivalent stock outstanding during the reporting period.
The dilutive impact of stock-based compensation is calculated using the treasury stock method. The treasury stock method assumes that the Company uses the assumed proceeds from the exercise of awards to repurchase common stock at the average market price during the period. The assumed proceeds under the treasury stock method include the purchase price that the grantee will pay in the future, compensation cost for future service that the Company has not yet recognized and any windfall/(shortfall) tax benefits that would be credited/(debited) to capital in excess of par value when the award generates a tax deduction. Options are only dilutive when the average market price of the underlying common stock exceeds the exercise price of the options.
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The following table reconciles the numerators and denominators used to calculate basic and diluted earnings per share of common stock:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions, except per share amounts) | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Basic earnings per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net earnings attributable to BorgWarner Inc. | $ | 164.4 |  |  | $ | 148.1 |  |  | $ | 328.5 |  |  | $ | 327.0 |
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding | 215.735 |  |  | 225.353 |  |  | 216.562 |  |  | 225.575 |
Basic earnings per share of common stock | $ | 0.76 |  |  | $ | 0.66 |  |  | $ | 1.52 |  |  | $ | 1.45 |
Diluted earnings per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net earnings attributable to BorgWarner Inc. | $ | 164.4 |  |  | $ | 148.1 |  |  | $ | 328.5 |  |  | $ | 327.0 |
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding | 215.735 |  |  | 225.353 |  |  | 216.562 |  |  | 225.575 |
Effect of stock-based compensation | 0.928 |  |  | 1.262 |  |  | 0.839 |  |  | 1.277 |
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding including dilutive shares | 216.663 |  |  | 226.615 |  |  | 217.401 |  |  | 226.852 |
Diluted earnings per share of common stock | $ | 0.76 |  |  | $ | 0.65 |  |  | $ | 1.51 |  |  | $ | 1.44 |

(17) Reporting Segments
The Company's business is comprised of two reporting segments: Engine and Drivetrain. These segments are strategic business groups, which are managed separately as each represents a specific grouping of related automotive components and systems.
The Company allocates resources to each segment based upon the projected after-tax return on invested capital ("ROIC") of its business initiatives. ROIC is comprised of Adjusted EBIT after deducting notional taxes compared to the projected average capital investment required. Adjusted EBIT is comprised of earnings before interest, income taxes and noncontrolling interest (“EBIT") adjusted for restructuring, goodwill impairment charges, affiliates' earnings and other items not reflective of on-going operating income or loss.
Adjusted EBIT is the measure of segment income or loss used by the Company. The Company believes Adjusted EBIT is most reflective of the operational profitability or loss of our reporting segments. The following tables show segment information and Adjusted EBIT for the Company's reporting segments.
Net Sales by Reporting Segment

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions) | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Engine | $ | 1,444.2 |  |  | $ | 1,413.0 |  |  | $ | 2,843.4 |  |  | $ | 2,793.9 |
Drivetrain | 895.4 |  |  | 626.9 |  |  | 1,774.6 |  |  | 1,238.1 |
Inter-segment eliminations | (10.4 | ) |  | (8.0 | ) |  | (20.2 | ) |  | (15.9 | )
Net sales | $ | 2,329.2 |  |  | $ | 2,031.9 |  |  | $ | 4,597.8 |  |  | $ | 4,016.1 |

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Adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Income Taxes and Noncontrolling Interest (“Adjusted EBIT”)

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions) | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Engine | $ | 234.8 |  |  | $ | 228.0 |  |  | $ | 468.2 |  |  | $ | 458.4 |
Drivetrain | 92.8 |  |  | 72.1 |  |  | 176.6 |  |  | 143.1 |
Adjusted EBIT | 327.6 |  |  | 300.1 |  |  | 644.8 |  |  | 601.5 |
Restructuring expense | 19.2 |  |  | 19.9 |  |  | 25.6 |  |  | 32.0 |
Merger and acquisition expense | 7.2 |  |  | — |  |  | 13.0 |  |  | — |
Contract expiration gain | (7.5 | ) |  | — |  |  | (7.5 | ) |  | — |
Gain on previously held equity interest | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (10.8 | )
Corporate, including equity in affiliates' earnings and stock-based compensation | 29.2 |  |  | 26.6 |  |  | 60.9 |  |  | 58.6 |
Interest income | (1.5 | ) |  | (1.6 | ) |  | (3.1 | ) |  | (3.3 | )
Interest expense and finance charges | 21.4 |  |  | 17.6 |  |  | 42.7 |  |  | 27.6 |
Earnings before income taxes and noncontrolling interest | 259.6 |  |  | 237.6 |  |  | 513.2 |  |  | 497.4 |
Provision for income taxes | 84.2 |  |  | 80.2 |  |  | 164.6 |  |  | 152.3 |
Net earnings | 175.4 |  |  | 157.4 |  |  | 348.6 |  |  | 345.1 |
Net earnings attributable to the noncontrolling interest, net of tax | 11.0 |  |  | 9.3 |  |  | 20.1 |  |  | 18.1 |
Net earnings attributable to BorgWarner Inc. | $ | 164.4 |  |  | $ | 148.1 |  |  | $ | 328.5 |  |  | $ | 327.0 |

Total Assets

(in millions) | June 30, 2016 |  | December 31, 2015
Engine | $ | 4,172.2 |  |  | $ | 4,018.0 |
Drivetrain | 3,716.7 |  |  | 3,685.1 |
Total | 7,888.9 |  |  | 7,703.1 |
Corporate * | 1,099.7 |  |  | 1,122.6 |
Total assets | $ | 8,988.6 |  |  | $ | 8,825.7 |

____________________________________
* Corporate assets include investments and other long-term receivables and deferred income taxes.
(18) Recent Transactions
Remy International, Inc.
On November 10, 2015, the Company acquired 100% of the equity interests in Remy for $29.50 per share in cash. The Company also settled approximately $361 million of outstanding debt. Remy was a global market leading producer of rotating electrical components that had key technologies and operations in 10 countries. The cash paid, net of cash acquired, was $1,187.0 million.
The Remy acquisition is expected to strengthen the Company's position in the rapidly developing powertrain electrification trend, with a complementary combination of technologies and global operations. The operating results and assets are reported within the Company's Drivetrain reporting segment as of the date of the acquisition.
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The following table summarizes the aggregated estimated fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed on November 10, 2015, the date of acquisition:

(millions of dollars) |  |
Receivables, net |  | $ | 222.8 |
Inventories, net |  | 195.3 |
Property, plant and equipment, net |  | 196.6 |
Goodwill |  | 591.0 |
Other intangible assets |  | 412.6 |
Other assets and liabilities |  | (220.9 | )
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |  | (168.4 | )
Total consideration, net of cash acquired |  | 1,229.0 |
Less: Assumed retirement-related liabilities |  | 31.1 |
Less: Assumed debt |  | 10.9 |
Cash paid, net of cash acquired |  | $ | 1,187.0 |

In connection with the acquisition, the Company capitalized $303.3 million for customer relationships, $46.4 million for developed technology, $59.0 million for the Delco Remy, Remy and Maval trade names, $3.8 million for in-process R&D and $0.1 million for leasehold interests. These intangible assets, excluding the indefinite-lived trade names, will be amortized over a period of 5 to 15 years. Various valuation techniques were used to determine the fair value of the intangible assets, with the primary techniques being forms of the income approach, specifically, the relief-from-royalty and excess earnings valuation methods, which use significant unobservable inputs, or Level 3 inputs, as defined by the fair value hierarchy. Under these valuation approaches, the Company is required to make estimates and assumptions about sales, operating margins, growth rates, royalty rates and discount rates based on budgets, business plans, economic projections, anticipated future cash flows and marketplace data. Due to the nature of the transaction, goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.
The Company is in the process of finalizing all purchase accounting adjustments related to the Remy acquisition. The Company has recorded fair value adjustments based on new information obtained during the measurement period primarily related to warranty and inventory. These adjustments, net of deferred taxes, have resulted in an increase in goodwill of $6.3 million from the Company's initial estimate. In addition, certain other estimated values for the acquisition, including goodwill, intangible assets and deferred taxes are not yet finalized, and the preliminary purchase price allocations are subject to change as the Company completes its analysis of the fair value at the date of acquisition.
BERU Diesel Start Systems Pvt. Ltd.
In January 2015, the Company completed the purchase of the remaining 51% of BERU Diesel by acquiring the shares of its former joint venture partner. The former joint venture was formed in 1996 to develop and manufacture glow plugs in India. After this transaction, the Company owns 100% of the entity. The cash paid, net of cash acquired, was $12.6 million (783.1 million Indian rupees).
The operating results are reported within the Company's Engine reporting segment. The Company paid $12.6 million, which is recorded as an investing activity in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. As a result of this transaction, the Company recorded a $10.8 million gain on the previously held equity interest in this joint venture. Additionally, the Company acquired assets of $16.0 million, including $11.2 million in definite-lived intangible assets, and assumed liabilities of $4.6 million. The Company also recorded $13.9 million of goodwill, which is non-deductible for tax purposes.
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(19) New Accounting Pronouncements
In March 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU No. 2016-09, "Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting." Under this guidance, the areas of simplification involve several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. This guidance is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this guidance will have on its Consolidated Financial Statements.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)." Under this guidance, lessees will be required to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all operating leases defined under previous GAAP. This guidance is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this guidance will have on its Consolidated Financial Statements.
In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-11, "Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory." Under this guidance, inventory should be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Subsequent measurement is unchanged for inventory measured using LIFO or the retail inventory method. This guidance is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company does not expect this guidance to have a material impact on its Consolidated Financial Statements.
In May 2014, the FASB amended the Accounting Standards Codification to add Topic 606, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers," outlining a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and superseding most current revenue recognition guidance. This guidance is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this guidance will have on its Consolidated Financial Statements.
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Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

INTRODUCTION
BorgWarner Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiaries (the “Company”) is a leading global supplier of highly engineered automotive systems and components primarily for powertrain applications. Our products help improve vehicle performance, fuel efficiency, stability and air quality. These products are manufactured and sold worldwide, primarily to original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) of light vehicles (passenger cars, sport-utility vehicles ("SUVs"), vans and light trucks). The Company's products are also sold to other OEMs of commercial vehicles (medium-duty trucks, heavy-duty trucks and buses) and off-highway vehicles (agricultural and construction machinery and marine applications). We also manufacture and sell our products to certain Tier One vehicle systems suppliers and into the aftermarket for light, commercial and off-highway vehicles. The Company operates manufacturing facilities serving customers in Europe, Asia, the Americas and Africa and is an original equipment supplier to every major automotive OEM in the world.
The Company's products fall into two reporting segments: Engine and Drivetrain. The Engine segment's products include turbochargers, timing devices and chains, emissions systems and thermal systems. The Drivetrain segment's products include transmission components and systems, all-wheel drive torque transfer systems and rotating electrical devices.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Three Months Ended June 30, 2016 vs. Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
Net sales for the three months ended June 30, 2016 totaled $2,329.2 million, a 14.6% increase from the three months ended June 30, 2015. Excluding the impact of weakening foreign currencies, primarily the Chinese Renminbi and Korean Won, and the 2015 acquisition of Remy, net sales increased approximately 3.5%.
Cost of sales as a percentage of net sales decreased to 78.7% in the three months ended June 30, 2016 from 78.9% in the three months ended June 30, 2015. Excluding the impact of the 2015 acquisition of Remy, cost of sales as a percentage of net sales was 78.6%. Gross profit and gross margin were $496.7 million and 21.3% in the three months ended June 30, 2016 compared to $429.0 million and 21.1% in the three months ended June 30, 2015. Included in the 2016 gross profit and gross margin is a $7.5 million gain associated with the release of certain Remy light vehicle aftermarket liabilities related to the expiration of a customer contract. Excluding the impact of the 2015 acquisition of Remy, gross profit and gross margin were $446.4 million and 21.4%. The Company's material cost of sales was approximately 55% of net sales in both the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.
Selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2016 increased $34.9 million to $202.3 million from $167.4 million as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015. SG&A as a percentage of net sales was 8.7% for the three months ended June 30, 2016, up from 8.2% for the three months ended June 30, 2015. Excluding the impact of the 2015 acquisition of Remy, SG&A and SG&A as a percentage of net sales were $172.3 million and 8.2%. Research and development ("R&D") expenses, which are included in SG&A expenses, increased $4.9 million to $85.0 million from $80.1 million as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015. As a percentage of net sales, R&D expenses were 3.6% and 3.9% in the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Our continued investment in a number of cross-business R&D programs, as well as other key programs, is necessary for the Company’s short- and long-term growth.
Other expense, net of $25.0 million and $19.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, primarily relates to $19.2 million and $19.9 million of restructuring expense associated with both the Drivetrain and Engine segments. The Drivetrain segment charges mostly represent a continuation of expenses associated with the finalization of severance agreements with three labor unions
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at separate facilities in Western Europe for approximately 450 employees. The Engine segment charges mainly relate to the 2014 restructuring of the Gustav Wahler GmbH u. Co. KG and its general partner ("Wahler") acquisition. Both the Drivetrain and Engine restructuring actions are designed to improve the future profitability and competitiveness of each segment. Also included in the restructuring amount above is $9.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2015 related to a global realignment plan intended to enhance treasury management flexibility by creating a legal entity structure that better aligns with the Company's business strategy.
Other expense, net for the three months ended June 30, 2016 also includes $7.2 million for transition and realignment expenses primarily related to Remy.
Equity in affiliates’ earnings of $10.1 million decreased $1.0 million as compared with the three months ended June 30, 2015 primarily due to lower earnings from the Company's 50% interest in NSK-Warner.
Interest expense and finance charges of $21.4 million increased $3.8 million as compared with the three months ended June 30, 2015, primarily due to the Company's November 2015 issuance of senior notes.
At June 30, 2016, the Company's effective tax rate for the first six months was 32.1%. This rate includes tax benefits of $5.4 million related to restructuring expense as discussed in the Other Expense, net footnote to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, and $1.3 million related to other one-time tax adjustments, as well as a tax expense of $2.6 million related to a gain associated with the release of certain Remy light vehicle aftermarket liabilities due to the expiration of a customer contract. Excluding the impact of these non-comparable items, the Company has estimated its annual effective tax rate associated with ongoing operations to be approximately 31% for the year ending December 31, 2016.
At June 30, 2015, the Company's effective tax rate for the first six months was 30.6%. This rate includes tax expense of $10.3 million related to a global realignment plan, offset by tax benefits of $3.9 million related to tax settlements, $3.7 million primarily related to foreign tax incentives and $3.4 million related to restructuring expense as discussed in the Other Expense, net footnote to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Excluding the impact of these non-comparable items, the Company had estimated its annual effective tax rate associated with ongoing operations to be approximately 29.5% for the year ending December 31, 2015.
The Company’s earnings per diluted share were $0.76 and $0.65 for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The Company believes the following table is useful in highlighting non-comparable items that impacted its earnings per diluted share.

| Three Months Ended June 30,
| 2016 |  | 2015
Non-comparable items: |  |  |
Restructuring expense | $ | (0.07 | ) |  | $ | (0.08 | )
Contract expiration gain | 0.02 |  |  | — |
Merger and acquisition expense | (0.03 | ) |  | — |
Tax adjustments | — |  |  | (0.02 | )
Total impact of non-comparable items per share — diluted | $ | (0.08 | ) |  | $ | (0.10 | )

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Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 vs. Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
Net sales for the six months ended June 30, 2016 totaled $4,597.8 million, a 14.5% increase from the six months ended June 30, 2015. Excluding the impact of weakening foreign currencies, primarily the Chinese Renminbi and Korean Won, and the 2015 acquisition of Remy, net sales increased approximately 4.0%.
Cost of sales as a percentage of net sales increased to 79.1% in the six months ended June 30, 2016 from 78.6% in the six months ended June 30, 2015. Excluding the impact of the 2015 acquisition of Remy, cost of sales as a percentage of net sales was 78.9%. Gross profit and gross margin were $961.0 million and 20.9% in the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to $858.0 million and 21.4% in the six months ended June 30, 2015. Included in the 2016 gross profit and gross margin is a $7.5 million gain associated with the release of certain Remy light vehicle aftermarket liabilities related to the expiration of a customer contract. Excluding the impact of the 2015 acquisition of Remy, gross profit and gross margin were $868.1 million and 21.1%. The Company's material cost of sales was approximately 55% of net sales in both the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.
SG&A expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2016 increased $55.1 million to $390.7 million from $335.6 million as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015. SG&A as a percentage of net sales was 8.5% for the six months ended June 30, 2016, up slightly from 8.4% for the six months ended June 30, 2015. Excluding the impact of the 2015 acquisition of Remy, SG&A and SG&A as a percentage of net sales were $328.6 million and 8.0%. The decrease in SG&A as a percentage of net sales is the result of cost control initiatives. R&D expenses, which are included in SG&A expenses, increased $14.8 million to $170.3 million from $155.5 million as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015. As a percentage of net sales, R&D expenses were 3.7% and 3.9% in the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Our continued investment in a number of cross-business R&D programs, as well as other key programs, is necessary for the Company’s short- and long-term growth.
Other expense, net of $36.7 million and $20.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, primarily relates to $25.6 million and $32.0 million of restructuring expense associated with both the Drivetrain and Engine segments. The Drivetrain segment charges mostly represent a continuation of expenses associated with the finalization of severance agreements with three labor unions at separate facilities in Western Europe for approximately 450 employees. The Engine segment charges mainly relate to the 2014 restructuring of the Wahler acquisition. Both the Drivetrain and Engine restructuring actions are designed to improve the future profitability and competitiveness of each segment. Also included in the restructuring amount above is $12.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2015 related to a global realignment plan intended to enhance treasury management flexibility by creating a legal entity structure that better aligns with the Company's business strategy.
Other expense, net for the six months ended June 30, 2016 also includes $13.0 million for transition and realignment expenses primarily related to Remy. The Company also recorded a $10.8 million gain on the previously held equity interest in BERU Diesel as a result of the first quarter 2015 acquisition.
Equity in affiliates’ earnings of $19.2 million decreased $0.4 million as compared with the six months ended June 30, 2015 primarily due to lower earnings from the Company's 50% interest in NSK-Warner.
Interest expense and finance charges of $42.7 million increased $15.1 million as compared with the six months ended June 30, 2015, primarily due to the Company's March and November 2015 issuances of senior notes.
At June 30, 2016, the Company's effective tax rate for the first six months was 32.1%. This rate includes tax benefits of $5.4 million related to restructuring expense as discussed in the Other Expense, net footnote to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, and $1.3 million related to other one-time tax adjustments, as well as a tax expense of $2.6 million related to a gain associated with the release of certain
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Remy light vehicle aftermarket liabilities due to the expiration of a customer contract. Excluding the impact of these non-comparable items, the Company has estimated its annual effective tax rate associated with ongoing operations to be approximately 31% for the year ending December 31, 2016.
At June 30, 2015, the Company's effective tax rate for the first six months was 30.6%. This rate includes tax expense of $10.3 million related to a global realignment plan, offset by tax benefits of $3.9 million related to tax settlements, $3.7 million primarily related to foreign tax incentives and $3.4 million related to restructuring expense as discussed in the Other Expense, net footnote to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Excluding the impact of these non-comparable items, the Company had estimated its annual effective tax rate associated with ongoing operations to be approximately 29.5% for the year ending December 31, 2015.
The Company’s earnings per diluted share were $1.51 and $1.44 for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The Company believes the following table is useful in highlighting non-comparable items that impacted its earnings per diluted share.

| SIx Months Ended June 30,
| 2016 |  | 2015
Non-comparable items: |  |  |
Restructuring expense | $ | (0.09 | ) |  | $ | (0.13 | )
Contract expiration gain | 0.02 |  |  | — |
Merger and acquisition expense | (0.06 | ) |  | — |
Gain on previously held equity interest | — |  |  | 0.05 |
Tax adjustments | 0.01 |  |  | (0.01 | )
Total impact of non-comparable items per share — diluted | $ | (0.12 | ) |  | $ | (0.09 | )

Reporting Segments
The Company's business is comprised of two reporting segments: Engine and Drivetrain. These segments are strategic business groups, which are managed separately as each represents a specific grouping of related automotive components and systems.
The Company allocates resources to each segment based upon the projected after-tax return on invested capital ("ROIC") of its business initiatives. ROIC is comprised of Adjusted EBIT after deducting notional taxes compared to the projected average capital investment required. Adjusted EBIT is comprised of earnings before interest, income taxes and noncontrolling interest (“EBIT") adjusted for restructuring, goodwill impairment charges, affiliates' earnings and other items not reflective of on-going operating income or loss.
Adjusted EBIT is the measure of segment income or loss used by the Company. The Company believes Adjusted EBIT is most reflective of the operational profitability or loss of our reporting segments. The following tables show segment information and Adjusted EBIT for the Company's reporting segments.
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Net Sales by Reporting Segment

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions) | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Engine | $ | 1,444.2 |  |  | $ | 1,413.0 |  |  | $ | 2,843.4 |  |  | $ | 2,793.9 |
Drivetrain | 895.4 |  |  | 626.9 |  |  | 1,774.6 |  |  | 1,238.1 |
Inter-segment eliminations | (10.4 | ) |  | (8.0 | ) |  | (20.2 | ) |  | (15.9 | )
Net sales | $ | 2,329.2 |  |  | $ | 2,031.9 |  |  | $ | 4,597.8 |  |  | $ | 4,016.1 |

Adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Income Taxes and Noncontrolling Interest (“Adjusted EBIT”)

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions) | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Engine | $ | 234.8 |  |  | $ | 228.0 |  |  | $ | 468.2 |  |  | $ | 458.4 |
Drivetrain | 92.8 |  |  | 72.1 |  |  | 176.6 |  |  | 143.1 |
Adjusted EBIT | 327.6 |  |  | 300.1 |  |  | 644.8 |  |  | 601.5 |
Restructuring expense | 19.2 |  |  | 19.9 |  |  | 25.6 |  |  | 32.0 |
Merger and acquisition expense | 7.2 |  |  | — |  |  | 13.0 |  |  | — |
Contract expiration gain | (7.5 | ) |  | — |  |  | (7.5 | ) |  | — |
Gain on previously held equity interest | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (10.8 | )
Corporate, including equity in affiliates' earnings and stock-based compensation | 29.2 |  |  | 26.6 |  |  | 60.9 |  |  | 58.6 |
Interest income | (1.5 | ) |  | (1.6 | ) |  | (3.1 | ) |  | (3.3 | )
Interest expense and finance charges | 21.4 |  |  | 17.6 |  |  | 42.7 |  |  | 27.6 |
Earnings before income taxes and noncontrolling interest | 259.6 |  |  | 237.6 |  |  | 513.2 |  |  | 497.4 |
Provision for income taxes | 84.2 |  |  | 80.2 |  |  | 164.6 |  |  | 152.3 |
Net earnings | 175.4 |  |  | 157.4 |  |  | 348.6 |  |  | 345.1 |
Net earnings attributable to the noncontrolling interest, net of tax | 11.0 |  |  | 9.3 |  |  | 20.1 |  |  | 18.1 |
Net earnings attributable to BorgWarner Inc. | $ | 164.4 |  |  | $ | 148.1 |  |  | $ | 328.5 |  |  | $ | 327.0 |

Three Months Ended June 30, 2016 vs. Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
The Engine segment net sales increased $31.2 million, or 2.2% from the three months ended June 30, 2015. Excluding the impact of weakening foreign currencies, primarily the Chinese Renminbi and Korean Won, net sales increased approximately 2.8% from the three months ended June 30, 2015, due to higher sales of light vehicle turbochargers and engine timing systems, including variable cam timing, partially offset by weak commercial vehicle markets around the world. The Engine segment Adjusted EBIT margin was 16.3% and 16.1% in the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
The Drivetrain segment net sales increased $268.5 million, or 42.8%, from the three months ended June 30, 2015. Excluding the impact of weakening foreign currencies, primarily the Chinese Renminbi and Korean Won, and the 2015 acquisition of Remy, net sales increased approximately 5.4% from the three months ended June 30, 2015, primarily due to higher sales of all-wheel drive systems. The Drivetrain segment Adjusted EBIT margin was 10.4% in the three months ended June 30, 2016 down from 11.5% in the three months ended June 30, 2015, this decrease is primarily due to the 2015 acquisition of Remy.
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Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 vs. Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
The Engine segment net sales increased $49.5 million, or 1.8%, from the six months ended June 30, 2015. Excluding the impact of weakening foreign currencies, primarily the Chinese Renminbi and Korean Won, net sales increased approximately 3.6% from the six months ended June 30, 2015, due to higher sales of light vehicle turbochargers and engine timing systems, including variable cam timing, partially offset by weak commercial vehicle markets around the world. The Engine segment Adjusted EBIT margin was 16.5% and 16.4% in the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
The Drivetrain segment net sales increased $536.5 million, or 43.3%, from the six months ended June 30, 2015. Excluding the impact of weakening foreign currencies, primarily the Chinese Renminbi and Korean Won, and the 2015 acquisition of Remy, net sales increased approximately 5.1% from the six months ended June 30, 2015, primarily due to higher sales of all-wheel drive systems. The Drivetrain segment Adjusted EBIT margin was 10.0% in the six months ended June 30, 2016 down from 11.6% in the six months ended June 30, 2015, this decrease is primarily due to the 2015 acquisition of Remy.
Outlook for 2016
Our overall outlook for 2016 is cautious. The Company expects weak global production growth, but moderate net new business-related sales growth in 2016 due to the adoption of BorgWarner products around the world, partially offset by a stronger U.S. dollar, which would reduce the U.S. dollar value of its foreign currency-denominated sales.
The Company maintains a positive long-term outlook for its global business and is committed to new product development and strategic capital investments to enhance its product leadership strategy. The trends that are driving our long-term growth are expected to continue, including the growth of direct injection gasoline engines worldwide, the increased adoption of automated transmissions in Europe and Asia-Pacific, and the move to variable cam and chain engine timing systems in Europe and Asia-Pacific.
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY
The Company maintains various liquidity sources including cash and cash equivalents and the unused portion of our multi-currency revolving credit agreement. At June 30, 2016, the Company had $495.0 million of cash, of which $485.1 million of cash is held by our subsidiaries outside of the United States. Cash held by these subsidiaries is used to fund foreign operational activities and future investments, including acquisitions. The vast majority of cash held outside the United States is available for repatriation, however, doing so could result in increased foreign and U.S. federal, state and local income taxes. A deferred tax liability has been recorded for the portion of these funds anticipated to be repatriated to the United States. The Company uses its U.S. liquidity primarily for various corporate purposes, including but not limited to, debt service, share repurchases, dividend distributions and other corporate expenses.
The Company has a $1 billion multi-currency revolving credit facility which includes a feature that allows the Company's borrowings to be increased to $1.25 billion. The facility provides for borrowings through June 30, 2019. The Company has one key financial covenant as part of the credit agreement which is a debt to EBITDA ("Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization") ratio. The Company was in compliance with the financial covenant at June 30, 2016 and expects to remain compliant in future periods. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company had no outstanding borrowings under this facility.
The Company's commercial paper program allows the Company to issue short-term, unsecured commercial paper notes up to a maximum aggregate principal amount outstanding of $1 billion. Under this program, the Company may issue notes from time to time and will use the proceeds for general corporate purposes. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company had outstanding borrowings of $270.0
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million and $215.0 million, respectively, under this program, which is classified in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets in Notes payable and other short-term debt.
The total current combined borrowing capacity under the multi-currency revolving credit facility and commercial paper program cannot exceed $1 billion.
In addition to the credit facility, the Company's universal shelf registration has an unlimited amount of various debt and equity instruments that could be issued.
On February 10, 2016 and April 27, 2016, the Company’s Board of Directors declared quarterly cash dividends of $0.13 per share of common stock. These dividends were paid in the six months ended June 30, 2016.
The Company's net debt to net capital ratio was 36.3% at June 30, 2016 versus 35.2% at December 31, 2015.
From a credit quality perspective, the Company has a credit rating of BBB+ from both Standard & Poor’s and Fitch Ratings and Baa1 from Moody's. The current outlook from Standard & Poor’s and Fitch Ratings is stable. During the first quarter of 2016, Moody's revised its outlook from stable to negative. None of the Company’s debt agreements require accelerated repayment in the event of a downgrade in credit ratings.
Net cash provided by operating activities increased $42.9 million to $362.2 million in the first six months of 2016 from $319.3 million in the first six months of 2015. The $42.9 million increase primarily reflects higher net earnings adjusted for non-cash charges to operations.
Net cash used in investing activities decreased $66.2 million to $228.9 million in the first six months of 2016 from $295.1 million in the first six months of 2015. This decrease is primarily due to lower capital expenditures, including tooling outlays, and the 2015 acquisition of BERU Diesel.
Net cash used in financing activities was $210.9 million in the first six months of 2016. Net cash provided by financing activities was $322.1 million in the first six months of 2015. This decrease is primarily driven by lower debt borrowings and higher treasury stock purchases.
We believe that the combination of cash from operations, cash balances, available credit facilities, and the universal shelf registration capacity will be sufficient to satisfy our cash needs for our current level of operations, our planned operations for the foreseeable future and our $1 billion share repurchase program. We will continue to balance our needs for internal growth, external growth, the return of capital to stockholders, debt reduction and cash conservation.
CONTINGENCIES
In the normal course of business, the Company is party to various commercial and legal claims, actions and complaints, including matters involving warranty claims, intellectual property claims, general liability and various other risks. It is not possible to predict with certainty whether or not the Company will ultimately be successful in any of these commercial and legal matters or, if not, what the impact might be. The Company's environmental and product liability contingencies are discussed separately below. The Company's management does not expect that an adverse outcome in any of these commercial and legal claims, actions and complaints will have a material adverse effect on the Company's results of operations, financial position or cash flows, although it could be material to the results of operations in a particular quarter.
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Litigation
In January 2006, BorgWarner Diversified Transmission Products Inc. ("DTP"), a subsidiary of the Company, filed a declaratory judgment action in United States District Court, Southern District of Indiana (Indianapolis Division) against the United Automobile, Aerospace, and Agricultural Implements Workers of America (“UAW”) Local No. 287 and Gerald Poor, individually and as the representative of a defendant class. DTP sought the Court's affirmation that DTP did not violate the Labor-Management Relations Act or the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) by unilaterally amending certain medical plans effective April 1, 2006 and October 1, 2006, prior to the expiration of the then-current collective bargaining agreements. On September 10, 2008, the Court found that DTP's reservation of the right to make such amendments reducing the level of benefits provided to retirees was limited by its collectively bargained health insurance agreement with the UAW, which did not expire until April 24, 2009. Thus, the amendments were untimely. In 2008, the Company recorded a charge of $4.0 million as a result of the Court's decision.
DTP filed a declaratory judgment action in the United States District Court, Southern District of Indiana (Indianapolis Division) against the UAW Local No. 287 and Jim Barrett and others, individually and as representatives of a defendant class, on February 26, 2009 again seeking the Court's affirmation that DTP did not violate the Labor - Management Relations Act or ERISA by modifying the level of benefits provided retirees to make them comparable to other Company retiree benefit plans after April 24, 2009. Certain retirees, on behalf of themselves and others, filed a mirror-image action in the United States District Court, Eastern District of Michigan (Southern Division) on March 11, 2009, for which a class has been certified. During the last quarter of 2009, the action pending in Indiana was dismissed, while the action in Michigan is continuing. The Company is vigorously defending against the suit. This contingency is subject to many uncertainties, therefore based on the information available to date, the Company cannot reasonably estimate the amount or the range of potential loss, if any.
Environmental
The Company and certain of its current and former direct and indirect corporate predecessors, subsidiaries and divisions have been identified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and certain state environmental agencies and private parties as potentially responsible parties (“PRPs”) at various hazardous waste disposal sites under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (“Superfund”) and equivalent state laws and, as such, may presently be liable for the cost of clean-up and other remedial activities at 27 such sites. Responsibility for clean-up and other remedial activities at a Superfund site is typically shared among PRPs based on an allocation formula.
The Company believes that none of these matters, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on its results of operations, financial position or cash flows. Generally, this is because either the estimates of the maximum potential liability at a site are not material or the liability will be shared with other PRPs, although no assurance can be given with respect to the ultimate outcome of any such matter.
Based on information available to the Company (which in most cases includes: an estimate of allocation of liability among PRPs; the probability that other PRPs, many of whom are large, solvent public companies, will fully pay the cost apportioned to them; currently available information from PRPs and/or federal or state environmental agencies concerning the scope of contamination and estimated remediation and consulting costs; and remediation alternatives), the Company has an accrual for indicated environmental liabilities of $5.2 million and $5.4 million at June 30, 2016 and at December 31, 2015, respectively. The Company expects to pay out substantially all of the amounts accrued for environmental liability over the next five years.
The Company previously resolved certain indemnity claims asserted by Kuhlman Electric Corporation (“Kuhlman Electric”), a former indirect subsidiary of the Company, arising from the Company’s 1999 acquisition of Kuhlman Electric’s parent company. The underlying claims against Kuhlman Electric, now
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resolved, alleged bodily injury and property damage arising from historical operations of Kuhlman Electric’s manufacturing plant in Crystal Springs, Mississippi. As part of the resolution of Kuhlman Electric’s indemnity claims, the Company is now entitled to a share of any insurance proceeds that may be obtained in connection with the underlying claims for which Kuhlman Electric sought indemnity from the Company. The Company and Kuhlman Electric are jointly pursuing insurance proceeds through coverage litigation against numerous insurers, which currently is pending in Mississippi state and federal courts.
Product Liability
Like many other industrial companies who have historically operated in the U.S., the Company (or parties the Company is obligated to indemnify) continues to be named as one of many defendants in asbestos-related personal injury actions. We believe that the Company's involvement is limited because, in general, these claims relate to a few types of automotive products that were manufactured many years ago and contained encapsulated asbestos. The nature of the fibers, the encapsulation and the manner of use lead the Company to believe that these products are highly unlikely to cause harm. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company had approximately 9,300 and 10,100 pending asbestos-related product liability claims, respectively. The decrease in the pending claims is primarily a result of the Company's continued efforts to obtain dismissal of dormant claims.
The Company's policy is to vigorously defend against these lawsuits and the Company has been successful in obtaining dismissal of many claims without any payment. The nature of the historical product being encapsulated and the lifecycle of the product allow the Company to aggressively defend against these lawsuits. The Company expects that the vast majority of the pending asbestos-related product liability claims where it is a defendant (or has an obligation to indemnify a defendant) will result in no payment being made by the Company or its insurers. In 2016, of the approximately 1,800 claims resolved, 195 (11%) resulted in payment being made to a claimant by or on behalf of the Company. In the full year of 2015, of the approximately 5,300 claims resolved, 349 (7%) resulted in payment being made to a claimant by or on behalf of the Company.
Prior to June 2004, the settlement and defense costs associated with all claims were paid by the Company's primary layer insurance carriers under a series of interim funding arrangements. In addition to the primary insurance available for asbestos-related claims, the Company has excess insurance coverage available for potential future asbestos-related product claims. In June 2004, primary layer insurance carriers notified the Company of the alleged exhaustion of their policy limits.
A declaratory judgment action was filed in January 2004 in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois by Continental Casualty Company and related companies against the Company and certain of its historical general liability insurers. The court has issued a number of interim rulings and discovery is continuing. The Company has entered into settlement agreements with some of its insurance carriers, resolving their coverage disputes by agreeing to pay specified amounts to the Company. The Company is vigorously pursuing the litigation against the remaining insurers.
To date, the Company has paid and accrued $417.1 million in defense and indemnity costs in advance of insurers' reimbursement and has received $228.4 million in cash and notes from insurers. The net balance of $188.7 million is expected to be fully recovered. Timing of recovery is dependent on final resolution of the declaratory judgment action referred to above or additional negotiated settlements. At December 31, 2015, insurers owed $163.3 million in association with these claims.
In addition to the $188.7 million net balance relating to past settlements and defense costs, the Company has estimated a liability of $110.5 million f or claims asserted, but not yet resolved and their related defense costs at June 30, 2016. The Company also has a related asset of $110.5 million to recognize proceeds from the insurance carriers, which is expected to be fully recovered. Receipt of these proceeds is not expected prior to the resolution of the declaratory judgment action referred to above, which is expected to occur
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subsequent to June 30, 2017. At December 31, 2015, the comparable value of the accrued liability and associated insurance asset was $108.5 million.
The amounts recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets related to the estimated future settlement of existing claims are as follows:

(in millions) | June 30, 2016 |  | December 31, 2015
Assets: |  |  |
Other non-current assets | $ | 110.5 |  |  | $ | 108.5 |
Total insurance assets | $ | 110.5 |  |  | $ | 108.5 |
Liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | $ | 49.8 |  |  | $ | 47.7 |
Other non-current liabilities | 60.7 |  |  | 60.8 |
Total accrued liabilities | $ | 110.5 |  |  | $ | 108.5 |

The Company believes that its ultimate liability (i.e., the total of its indemnity or other claim dispositions plus legal related fees) cannot be reasonably estimated at this time in excess of amounts accrued. The Company's ability to reasonably estimate its liability has been significantly affected by, among other factors, the volatility of asbestos-related litigation in the United States, the significant number of co-defendants that have filed for bankruptcy, the magnitude and timing of co-defendant bankruptcy trust payments, the inherent uncertainty of future disease incidence and claiming patterns against the Company, and the impact of tort reform legislation that may be enacted at the state or federal levels. The Company’s ability to reasonably estimate its liability for asbestos-related claims may also be affected in the future by the new discovery of facts; changes in litigation; the impact of any possible tort reform; changes in assumptions regarding the number and nature of asbestos-related claims, including the total population claiming exposure; the amounts of any judgments over time; and changes in settlement/defense strategies. The Company reviews factors relevant to asbestos-related claims that have been, or may in the future be, asserted against it on an ongoing basis.
New Accounting Pronouncements
In March 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standard Update ("ASU") No. 2016-09, "Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting." Under this guidance, the areas of simplification involve several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. This guidance is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this guidance will have on its Consolidated Financial Statements.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)." Under this guidance, lessees will be required to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all operating leases defined under previous GAAP. This guidance is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this guidance will have on its Consolidated Financial Statements.
In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-11, "Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory." Under this guidance, inventory should be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Subsequent measurement is unchanged for inventory measured using LIFO or the retail inventory method. This guidance is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company does not expect this guidance to have a material impact on its Consolidated Financial Statements.
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In May 2014, the FASB amended the Accounting Standards Codification to add Topic 606, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers," outlining a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and superseding most current revenue recognition guidance. This guidance is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this guidance will have on its Consolidated Financial Statements.
CAUTIONARY STATEMENTS FOR FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Statements contained in this Form 10-Q (including Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations) may contain forward-looking statements as contemplated by the 1995 Private Securities Litigation Reform Act (the “Act”) that are based on management's current outlook, expectations, estimates and projections. Words such as "anticipates," "believes," "continues," "could," "designed," "effect," "estimates," "evaluates," "expects," "forecasts," "goal," "initiative," "intends," "outlook," "plans," "potential," "project," "pursue," "seek," "should," "target," "when," "would," and variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. All statements, other than statements of historical fact contained or incorporated by reference in this Form 10-Q, that we expect or anticipate will or may occur in the future regarding our financial position, business strategy and measures to implement that strategy, including changes to operations, competitive strengths, goals, expansion and growth of our business and operations, plans, references to future success and other such matters, are forward-looking statements. Accounting estimates, such as those described under the heading "Critical Accounting Policies" in Item 7 of our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, are inherently forward-looking. These statements are based on assumptions and analysis made by us in light of our experience and our perception of historical trends, current conditions and expected future developments, as well as other factors we believe are appropriate in the circumstances. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of performance and the Company's actual results may differ materially from those expressed, projected or implied in or by the forward-looking statements.
You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report. Forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, many of which are difficult to predict and generally beyond our control. Such risks and uncertainties include: the failure to receive the anticipated benefits from BorgWarner’s acquisition of Remy, the possibility that the parties may be unable to successfully integrate Remy’s operations with those of BorgWarner, that such integration may be more difficult, time-consuming or costly than expected, revenues following the transaction may be lower than expected, customer loss and business disruption (including, without limitation, difficulties in maintaining relationships with employees, customers, or suppliers) may be greater than expected following the transaction; the retention of key employees at Remy may not be achieved; fluctuations in domestic or foreign vehicle production; the continued use by original equipment manufacturers of outside suppliers, fluctuations in demand for vehicles containing our products; changes in general economic conditions; and the other risks noted under Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K and in other reports that we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We do not undertake any obligation to update or announce publicly any updates to or revision to any of the forward-looking statements in this Form 10-Q to reflect any change in our expectations or any change in events, conditions, circumstances, or assumptions underlying the statements.
This section is intended to provide meaningful cautionary statements for purposes of the safe harbor provisions of the Act. This should not be construed as a complete list of all of the economic, competitive, governmental, technological and other factors that could adversely affect our expected consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently believe are immaterial also may impair our business, operations, liquidity, financial condition and prospects.
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Item 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
There have been no material changes to the information concerning our exposures to interest rate risk or commodity price risk as stated in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.
Foreign currency exchange rate risk is the risk that we will incur economic losses due to adverse changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Currently, our most significant currency exposures relate to the British Pound, the Chinese Renminbi, the Euro, the Hungarian Forint, the Japanese Yen, the Mexican Peso, the Swedish Krona and the South Korean Won. We mitigate our foreign currency exchange rate risk by establishing local production facilities and related supply chain participants in the markets we serve, by invoicing customers in the same currency as the source of the products and by funding some of our investments in foreign markets through local currency loans. We also monitor our foreign currency exposure in each country and implement strategies to respond to changing economic and political environments. The recent depreciation of the British Pound post the United Kingdom's 2016 vote to leave the European Union is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company since net sales from the United Kingdom represents less than 2% of the Company's net sales in 2015. In addition, the Company periodically enters into forward currency contracts in order to reduce exposure to exchange rate risk related to transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency.
The foreign currency translation adjustment loss of $54.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016, gain of $13.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016, gain of $84.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2015 and loss of $165.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2015 contained within our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income represent the foreign currency translational impacts of converting our non-U.S. dollar subsidiaries' financial statements to the Company’s reporting currency (U.S. Dollar). The first six months of 2016 foreign currency translation adjustment gain of $13.9 million was primarily due to the impact of the weakening U.S. dollar against the Euro and Japanese Yen, partially offset by a strengthening U.S. dollar against British Pound and Chinese Renminbi. The foreign currency translation adjustment loss of $54.5 million in the three months ended June 30, 2016 was primarily due to the impact of a strengthening U.S. dollar against the Euro, Chinese Renminbi and British Pound, partially offset by a weakening U.S. dollar against Japanese Yen.
Item 4.Controls and Procedures
The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms. Under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the Company has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that these procedures are effective. There have been no changes in internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. | Legal Proceedings

The Company is subject to a number of claims and judicial and administrative proceedings (some of which involve substantial amounts) arising out of the Company’s business or relating to matters for which the Company may have a contractual indemnity obligation. See Note 14 — Contingencies to the Condensed
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Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of environmental, product liability and other litigation, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

The Company's Board of Directors authorized the purchase of up to $1.0 billion of the Company's common stock over three years and authorized the purchase of up to 69.6 million shares in the aggregate. As of June 30, 2016, the Company had repurchased 64,451,657 shares in the aggregate under the Common Stock Repurchase Program. All shares purchased under this authorization have been and will continue to be repurchased in the open market at prevailing prices and at times and in amounts to be determined by management as market conditions and the Company's capital position warrant. The Company may use Rule 10b5-1 and 10b-18 plans to facilitate share repurchases. Repurchased shares will be deemed common stock held in treasury and may subsequently be reissued for general corporate purposes.
Employee transactions include restricted shares withheld to offset statutory minimum tax withholding that occurs upon vesting of restricted shares. The BorgWarner Inc. Amended and Restated 2004 Stock Incentive Plan and the BorgWarner Inc. 2014 Stock Incentive Plan provide that the withholding obligations be settled by the Company retaining stock that is part of the Award. Withheld shares will be deemed common stock held in treasury and may subsequently be reissued for general corporate purposes.
The following table provides information about the Company's purchases of its equity securities that are registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act during the quarter ended June 30, 2016:

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Period |  | Total number of shares purchased |  | Average price per share |  | Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs |  | Maximum number of shares that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs
Month Ended April 30, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common Stock Repurchase Program |  | 377,317 |  |  | $ | 36.39 |  |  | 377,317 |  |  | 8,070,098 |
Employee transactions |  | 14,669 |  |  | $ | 37.04 |  |  | — |  |  |
Month Ended May 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common Stock Repurchase Program |  | 1,406,100 |  |  | $ | 33.67 |  |  | 1,406,100 |  |  | 6,663,998 |
Employee transactions |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  |
Month Ended June 30, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common Stock Repurchase Program |  | 1,515,655 |  |  | $ | 32.30 |  |  | 1,515,655 |  |  | 5,148,343 |
Employee transactions |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  |

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Item 6. | Exhibits

| Exhibit 10.1 |  | First Amendment to the BorgWarner Inc. 2014 Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Appendix B to Company’s Definitive Proxy filed on March 18, 2016).
| Exhibit 31.1 |  | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of the Principal Executive Officer.*
| Exhibit 31.2 |  | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of the Principal Financial Officer.*
| Exhibit 32.1 |  | Section 1350 Certifications.*
| Exhibit 101.INS |  | XBRL Instance Document.*
| Exhibit 101.SCH |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.*
| Exhibit 101.CAL |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.*
| Exhibit 101.LAB |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.*
| Exhibit 101.PRE |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.*
| Exhibit 101.DEF |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.*

____________________________________
*Filed herewith.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

|  |  | BorgWarner Inc. |
|  |  | (Registrant) |
| By |  | /s/ Steven G. Carlson |
|  |  | (Signature) |
|  |  | Steven G. Carlson |
|  |  | Vice President and Controller |
|  |  | (Principal Accounting Officer) |

Date: July 28, 2016
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