Changes in property and equipment for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, are as follows:


	2021
( i n millions of Korean won)	Land			Buildings and structures			Machinery and equipment			Others			Construction- in-progress			Total
Acquisition cost	￦	1,334,759		￦	4,402,691		￦	39,182,265		￦	1,619,822		￦	1,046,795		￦	47,586,332
Less: Accumulated depreciation (including accumulated impairment loss and others)		(132	)		(2,094,669	)		(29,867,282	)		(1,414,170	)		(3,960	)		(33,380,213	)

Beginning, net		1,334,627			2,308,022			9,314,983			205,652			1,042,835			14,206,119
Acquisition and capital expenditure		60,817			36,446			28,159			55,336			2,947,335			3,128,093
Disposal and termination		(45,318	)		(11,827	)		(76,676	)		(6,868	)		(64	)		(140,753	)
Depreciation		—			(145,954	)		(2,368,679	)		(81,507	)		—			(2,596,140	)
Impairment		—			—			(2,075	)		(40	)		—			(2,115	)
Transfer in (out)		4,608			415,771			2,340,948			27,051			(2,872,257	)		(83,879	)
Transfer from (to) investment properties		(59,848	)		(73,096	)		—			—			—			(132,944	)
Changes in scope of consolidation		20,911			6,355			67,925			15,583			497			111,271
Others		—			(18,295	)		11,986			6,031			(24,488	)		(24,766	)

Ending, net	￦	1,315,797		￦	2,517,422		￦	9,316,571		￦	221,238		￦	1,093,858		￦	14,464,886

Acquisition cost	￦	1,315,929		￦	4,707,250		￦	40,270,005		￦	1,607,853		￦	1,094,479		￦	48,995,516
Less: Accumulated depreciation (including accumulated impairment loss and others)		(132	)		(2,189,828	)		(30,953,434	)		(1,386,615	)		(621	)		(34,530,630	)

	2022
( i n millions of Korean won)	Land			Buildings and structures			Machinery and equipment			Others			Construction- in-progress			Total
Acquisition cost	￦	1,315,929		￦	4,707,250		￦	40,270,005		￦	1,607,853		￦	1,094,479		￦	48,995,516
Less: Accumulated depreciation (including accumulated impairment loss and others)		(132	)		(2,189,828	)		(30,953,434	)		(1,386,615	)		(621	)		(34,530,630	)

Beginning, net		1,315,797			2,517,422			9,316,571			221,238			1,093,858			14,464,886
Acquisition and capital expenditure		11,392			32,030			129,754			67,921			3,105,283			3,346,380
Disposal and termination		(2,556	)		(4,338	)		(76,608	)		(4,695	)		(3,926	)		(92,123	)
Depreciation		—			(147,620	)		(2,413,191	)		(79,376	)		—			(2,640,187	)
Impairment		—			—			(6,084	)		(7,825	)		(2,247	)		(16,156	)
Transfer in (out)		24,647			230,955			2,660,753			31,036			(3,010,193	)		(62,802	)
Transfer from (to) investment properties		(63,278	)		(140,229	)		—			—			(2,676	)		(206,183	)
Changes in scope of consolidation		—			—			(4,386	)		(481	)		(3,720	)		(8,587	)
Others		(13,194	)		66,341			7,020			(4,382	)		(68,834	)		(13,049	)

Ending, net	￦	1,272,808		￦	2,554,561		￦	9,613,829		￦	223,436		￦	1,107,545		￦	14,772,179

Acquisition cost	￦	1,272,940		￦	4,830,853		￦	42,091,573		￦	1,276,779		￦	1,108,043		￦	50,580,188
Less: Accumulated depreciation (including accumulated impairment loss and others)		(132	)		(2,276,292	)		(32,477,744	)		(1,053,343	)		(498	)		(35,808,009	)

Details of property and equipment provided as collateral as at December 31, 2021 and 2022, are as follows:

(in millions of Korean won)

December 31, 2021

Carrying
amount

Secured
amount

Related line
item

Related
amount

Secured

party

Land and Buildings

￦

11,320

￦

15,412

Borrowings

￦

3,272

Industrial
Bank of
Korea,

Korea
Development
Bank

(

n millions of Korean won)

December 31, 2022

Carrying
amount

Secured
amount

Related line
item

Related
amount

Secured

party

Land and Buildings

￦

11,353

￦

15,774

Borrowings

￦

3,228

Industrial
Bank of
Korea,

Korea
Development
Bank

The borrowing costs capitalized for qualifying assets amount to

￦

9,954 million (2020:

￦

8,452 million, 2021:

￦

5,360 million), for the year ended December 31, 2022. The interest rate applied to calculate the capitalized borrowing costs is 3.10% (2020: 2.36%, 2021: 2.04%), for the year ended December 31, 2022.