EX-3.2 2 aes0331202310-qexhibit32.htm EX-3.2
AMENDED AND RESTATED BY-LAWS
OF
THE AES CORPORATION
ARTICLE I
OFFICES
Section 1.01 The registered office shall be at 251 Little Falls Drive, Wilmington,
Delaware, 19808.
Section 1.02 The Corporation may also have offices and places of business at such other places, within or without the State of Delaware, as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine or the business of the Corporation may require.
ARTICLE II
MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS
Section 2.01 All meetings of stockholders shall be held at such time and place within or without the State of Delaware as may be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors (or the Chairperson in the absence of a designation by the Board of Directors) as shall be stated in the notice of the meeting, or in a duly executed waiver of notice thereof. The Board of Directors may alternatively determine that a meeting of the stockholders shall not be held at any place, but shall instead be held solely by means of remote communication as authorized by Section 211(a)(2) of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (as the same exists or may hereafter be amended, “Delaware Law”).
Section 2.02 Annual meetings of stockholders shall be held on the first Friday of June of each year, if not a legal holiday, and if a legal holiday, then on the next succeeding business day not a legal holiday, or at such other date and time as shall be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors and stated in the notice of the meeting. At the annual meeting, the stockholders shall elect a Board of Directors, and transact any other business as may properly come before the meeting, notice of which was given in the notice of the meeting.
Section 2.03 The Secretary shall prepare and make, at least ten days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder.

Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting during ordinary business hours for a period of at least ten days prior to the meeting at the principal executive offices of the Corporation. If the meeting is to be held at a place, the list shall be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present. If the meeting is to be held solely by means of remote communication, the list shall also be open to the examination of any stockholder during the whole time of the meeting on a reasonably accessible electronic network and the information required to access such list shall be provided with the notice of the meeting.
Section 2.04 (1) Special meetings of the stockholders, unless otherwise prescribed by statute or by the Certificate of Incorporation, may be held as may from time to time be designated by the Board of Directors and (1) may be called by the Chairperson of the Board, the President or by resolution adopted by a majority of the entire Board of Directors or (2) shall be called by the Chairperson of the Board or the Secretary at the written request of one or more stockholders of record that at the time a request is delivered Own (as defined below) or who are acting on behalf of one or more stockholders or beneficial owners who Own (as defined below) shares representing at least twenty-five percent (25%) (the “Requisite Percent”) of the outstanding shares of the capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote on the matter or matters to be brought before the proposed special meeting, provided a special meeting called at the request of one or more stockholders (a “Stockholder Requested Special Meeting”) shall be called by the Chairperson of the Board or the Secretary only if the stockholder(s) requesting such meeting provide the information regarding such stockholder(s) and the proposed special meeting and comply with such procedures set forth in Section 2.04(B).
(A) In order for a Stockholder Requested Special Meeting to be called by the Chairperson of the Board or the Secretary, one or more written requests for a special meeting (individually or collectively, a “Special Meeting Request”) signed and dated by the stockholders of record that Own the Requisite Percent of capital stock of the Corporation (or their duly authorized agents), must be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation and must be accompanied by:

(1) | in the case of any Stockholder Requested Special Meeting at which director nominations are proposed to be presented, the information required by Sections 2.16 and 9.01 of these By-Laws; and/or

(2) | in the case of any Stockholder Requested Special Meeting at which any business other than nominations of persons for election to the Corporation’s Board of Directors is proposed to be presented, the information required by Sections 2.15 and 2.16 of these By-Laws (which shall be in addition to the information required by Section 9.01 if director nominations are also proposed to be considered); and

(3) | (a) as to each stockholder of the Corporation signing such request, or if such stockholder is a nominee or custodian, the beneficial owner(s) on whose behalf such request is signed, (i) an affidavit by each such person stating the number of shares of capital stock of the Corporation that it Owns (as defined below) as of the date such request was signed and agreeing to continue to Own such number of shares of capital stock through the date of the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting and an agreement by such person to update and supplement such affidavit as of the record date for the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting, and such update and supplement shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than five (5) business days after the record date for the meeting; provided that in the event of any decrease in the number of shares of capital stock of the Corporation Owned by such person at any time before the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting, such person’s Special Meeting Request shall be deemed to have been revoked with respect to such shares of capital stock of the Corporation comprising such reduction and shall not be counted towards the calculation of the Requisite Percent, and (ii) a statement stating whether it intends to maintain Ownership of the Requisite Percent of capital stock of the Corporation for at least one year following the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting, and (b) as to the stockholder seeking to call the special meeting (or the person on whose behalf the stockholder is acting, as applicable) or any stockholder or beneficial owner who has solicited other stockholders to request the special meeting, the information required under Sections 2.15 and 2.16 as to such stockholder or beneficial owner.

(B) One or more written requests for a special meeting delivered to the Secretary shall constitute a valid Special Meeting Request only if each such written

request satisfies the requirements set forth above and has been dated and delivered to the Secretary within 60 days of the earliest dated of such requests. If the record holder is not the signatory to the Special Meeting Request, such Special Meeting Request shall not be valid unless documentary evidence is supplied to the Secretary at the time of delivery of such Special Meeting Request (or within five business days thereafter) of such signatory’s authority to execute the Special Meeting Request on behalf of the record holder. Any requesting stockholder may revoke his, her or its Special Meeting Request at any time prior to the Request Receipt Date by written revocation delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation; provided, however, that if following such revocation, the unrevoked valid Special Meeting Requests represent in the aggregate less than the Requisite Percent, there shall be no requirement to hold a special meeting. The determination of the validity of a Special Meeting Request shall be made in good faith by the Board of Directors, which determination shall be conclusive and binding on the Corporation and the stockholders and the date of such determination is referred to herein as the “Request Receipt Date.” A Special Meeting Request shall not be valid if: (1) such Special Meeting Request relates to an item of business that is not a matter on which stockholders are authorized to act under, or that involves a violation of, applicable law, or (2) the Request Receipt Date occurs during the period commencing 90 days prior to the first anniversary of the date of the most recent annual meeting of stockholders and ending on the date of the next annual meeting of stockholders, or (3) the purpose specified in the Special Meeting Request relates to an item of business (other than the election of directors) that is the same or substantially similar (as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors, a “Similar Item”) to an item of business that was presented at any meeting of stockholders held within the 12 months prior to the Request Receipt Date, or (4) a Similar Item is included in the Corporation’s notice as an item of business to be brought before a stockholder meeting that has been called or that is called for a date within 90 days of the Request Receipt Date.
(C) Any special meeting of stockholders shall be held at such date and time as may be fixed by the Board of Directors in accordance with these By-Laws and in compliance with Delaware Law; provided, however that a Stockholder Requested Special Meeting shall be called for a date not more than (1) 90 days after the Request Receipt Date (or, in the case of any litigation related to the validity of the requests for a Stockholder Requested Special Meeting, 90 days after the resolution of such litigation), or (2) 50 days after the date the Corporation files definitive soliciting materials with respect to such meeting pursuant to Schedule 14A under the Securities Exchange Act of

1934, as amended and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (the “Exchange Act”), whichever is latest.
(D) Business transacted at any Stockholder Requested Special Meeting shall be limited to (1) the purpose(s) stated in the valid Special Meeting Request(s) received from the Requisite Percent of record holders and (2) any additional matters that the Board of Directors determines to include in the Corporation’s notice of the meeting. If none of the stockholders who submitted the Special Meeting Request, or their qualified representatives (as defined below), appears at the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting to present the matters to be presented for consideration that were specified in the Stockholder Meeting Request(s), the Corporation need not present such matters for a vote at such meeting, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such matter may have been received by the Corporation. For purposes of this Section 2.04, to be considered a qualified representative of a stockholder, a person must be a duly authorized officer, manager or partner of such stockholder or authorized by a writing executed by such stockholder (or a reliable reproduction or electronic transmission of the writing) delivered to the Corporation prior to the presentation of such matters at the meeting stating that such person is authorized to act for such stockholder as proxy at the meeting of stockholders.
(E) For the purposes of this Section 2.04 and Section 9.02, a stockholder or beneficial owner shall be deemed to “Own” only those shares of outstanding capital stock as to which such person possesses both (1) the full voting and investment rights pertaining to the shares and (2) the full economic interest in (including the opportunity for profit and risk of loss on) such shares; provided that the number of shares calculated in accordance with clauses (1) and (2) shall not include any shares (a) sold by such person or any of its affiliates in any transaction that has not been settled or closed, (b) borrowed by such person or any of its affiliates for any purposes or purchased by such person or any of its affiliates pursuant to an agreement to resell or (c) subject to any option, warrant, forward contract, swap, contract of sale, or other derivative or similar agreement entered into by such person or any of its affiliates, whether any such instrument or agreement is to be settled with shares or with cash based on the notional amount or value of shares of outstanding capital stock of the Corporation, in any such case which instrument or agreement has, or is intended to have, or if exercised would have the purpose or effect of (i) reducing in any manner, to any extent or at any time in the future, such person’s or affiliates’ full right to vote or direct the voting of any such shares, and/or (ii) hedging, offsetting or altering to any degree any gain or loss arising from the full economic ownership of such shares by such person or affiliate. A

stockholder or beneficial owner shall “Own” shares held in the name of a nominee or other intermediary so long as the person retains the right to instruct how the shares are voted with respect to the election of directors and possesses the full economic interest in the shares. A person shall be deemed to continue to Own shares during any period in which the person has loaned such shares provided that the person has the power to recall such loaned shares on five (or less) business days’ notice, and has delegated any voting power by means of a proxy, power of attorney or other instrument or arrangement which is revocable at any time by the person. The determination of the extent to which a stockholder or beneficial owner “Owns” any shares of capital stock for these purposes shall be made in good faith by the Board of Directors, which determination shall be conclusive and binding on the Corporation and the stockholders.
Section 2.05 Written notice of the annual meeting or any special meeting of stockholders stating the place, if any, means of remote communication, if any, date and hour of the meeting shall be given in accordance with Section 4.01 to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting not less than ten nor more than sixty days before the date of the meeting.
Section 2.06 Business transacted at any special meeting of stockholders shall be limited to the purposes stated in the notice.
Section 2.07 The holders of a majority of the stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at all meetings of the stockholders for the transaction of business except as otherwise provided by statute or by the Certificate of Incorporation. If, however, such quorum shall not be present or represented at any meeting of the stockholders, the stockholders entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, or the officer presiding over the meeting, shall have power to adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present or represented. At such adjournment at which a quorum shall be present or represented any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally notified. If the adjournment is for more than 30 days, or after the adjournment, a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given in accordance with Section 2.01 or 2.05 as the case may be, to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting.
Section 2.08 (1) Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation and subject to the Delaware Law, each stockholder shall be entitled to one vote for each outstanding share of capital stock of the Corporation held by such stockholder. Any

share of capital stock of the Corporation held by the Corporation shall have no voting rights. Unless otherwise provided in Delaware Law, the certificate of incorporation or these By-Laws, the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares of capital stock of the Corporation present, in person or by written proxy, at a meeting of stockholders and entitled to vote on the subject matter shall be the act of the stockholders.
(A) At any meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected, a nominee for election as a director in an uncontested election shall be elected if the number of votes cast for the nominee’s election exceeds the number of votes cast against the nominee’s election. In an election of director other than an uncontested election, the nominees receiving the greatest number of votes shall be elected as directors, up to the number of directors as shall constitute the whole Board as set pursuant to Section 3.02. For purposes of this Section 2.08(B), an “uncontested election” means any meeting of stockholders at which the number of candidates does not exceed the number of directors to be elected and with respect to which (1) no stockholder has submitted notice of an intent to nominate a candidate for election at such meeting in accordance with Section 2.04, 9.01 or 9.02, or (2) such a notice has been submitted, and on or before the tenth day prior to the date that the Corporation files its definitive proxy statement relating to such meeting with the Securities and Exchange Commission (regardless of whether thereafter revised or supplemented), the notice has been (a) withdrawn in writing to Secretary, (b) determined not to be a valid notice of nomination by the Board of Directors (or a committee thereof) or if challenged in court, by a final court order, or (c) determined by the Board of Directors (or a committee thereof) not to create a bona fide election contest.
Section 2.09 If a vote is to be taken by ballot, each ballot shall state the number of shares voted and the name of the stockholder or proxy voting.
Section 2.10 Each meeting of the stockholders, whether annual or special, shall be presided over by the Chairperson of the Board if present, and if he or she is not present or declines to preside by the President if present. If neither officer specified in the preceding sentence is present, the meeting shall be presided over by the person designated in writing by the Chairperson of the Board, or if the Chairperson of the Board has made no designation, by the person designated by the President, or if the President has made no designation, by the person designated by the Board of Directors. If neither officer specified in the first sentence of this Section 2.10 is present, and no one designated by the Chairperson of the Board or the President or the Board of Directors is present, the meeting may elect any stockholder of record who is entitled to vote for

directors, or any person present holding a proxy for such a stockholder, to preside. The Secretary of the Company (or in his or her absence any Assistant Secretary) shall be the Secretary of any such meeting; in the absence of the Secretary and Assistant Secretaries, any person may be elected by the meeting to act as Secretary of the meeting.
Section 2.11 Any voting proxy given by a stockholder must be: in writing, executed by the stockholder, or, in lieu thereof, to the extent permitted by law, may be transmitted in a telegram, cablegram or other means of electronic transmission setting forth or submitted with information from which it can be determined that the telegram, cablegram or other electronic transmission was authorized by the stockholder. A copy, facsimile transmission or other reliable reproduction of a written or electronically-transmitted proxy authorized by this Section 2.11 may be substituted for or used in lieu of the original writing or electronic transmission to the extent permitted by law.
Section 2.12 The directors shall appoint one or more inspectors of election and of the vote at any time prior to the date of any meeting of stockholders at which an election is to be held or a vote is to be taken. In the event any inspector so appointed is absent from such meeting or for any other reason fails to act as such at the meeting, the person presiding at such meeting pursuant to these By-Laws may appoint a substitute who shall have all the powers and duties of such inspector. The inspector or inspectors so appointed shall act at such meeting, make such reports thereof and take such other action as shall be provided by law and as may be directed by the person presiding over the meeting. Each inspector, before entering upon the discharge of his or her duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of his or her ability.
Section 2.13 The directors may, at any time prior to any annual or special meeting of the stockholders, adopt an order of business for such meeting which shall be the order of business to be followed at such meeting. The date and time of the opening and the closing of the polls for each matter upon which the stockholders will vote at such meeting shall be announced at such meeting by the person presiding over such meeting.
Section 2.14 (1) For purposes of determining the means of conducting the vote at any meeting of stockholders, a stock vote shall be taken by ballot on any resolution or other matter properly presented to the meeting for action in accordance with Section 2.15 or Section 9.01 if so ordered by the person presiding over the meeting or on the demand of any stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting or any

person present holding a proxy for such a stockholder. Such order or demand for a vote by ballot may be made either before or after a vote has been taken on such resolution or other matter in a manner other than by stock vote and before or after the result of the vote taken otherwise than by stock vote has been announced. The result of a stock vote taken by ballot in accordance with this By-Law shall supersede the result of any vote previously taken in any other manner.
(A) The Board of Directors may adopt such rules and regulations for the conduct of any meeting of stockholders as it shall deem appropriate. Except to the extent inconsistent with such rules and regulations as adopted by the Board of Directors, the person presiding at such meeting shall have the authority to announce and enforce such rules and regulations for the conduct of any meeting of stockholders and the safety of those in attendance as, in the judgment of such person, are necessary, appropriate or convenient for the conduct of the meeting. Rules and regulations for the conduct of meetings of stockholders may include without limitation, establishing: (1) an agenda or order of business for the meeting; (2) rules and procedures for maintaining order at the meeting and the safety of those present; (3) limitations on attendance at or participation in the meeting to stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, their duly authorized and constituted proxies and such other persons as the person presiding at such meeting shall permit; (4) provisions regarding entry to the meeting after the time fixed for the commencement thereof; (5) limitations on the time allotted for consideration of each agenda item and for questions and comments by participants; (6) regulations for the opening and closing of the polls for balloting and matters which are to be voted on by ballot (if any); and (7) procedures (if any) requiring attendees to provide the Corporation advance notice of their intent to attend the meeting. Subject to any rules and regulations adopted by the Board of Directors, the person presiding at such meeting may convene and, for any or no reason, from time to time, adjourn and/or recess any meeting of stockholders.
Section 2.15 (1) Only such business (other than nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors, which must comply with the provisions of Section 9.01(A) or Section 9.02) may be transacted at an annual meeting of stockholders as is brought before the meeting (1) pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting, (2) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or (3) by any stockholder of the Corporation who is a stockholder of record at the time of giving of the notice provided for in this Section 2.15 and at the time of the annual meeting, is entitled to vote thereon at the meeting and who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 2.15; clause (3) shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to submit other business

(other than matters properly brought under Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act and included in the Corporation’s notice of meeting) before an annual meeting of stockholders.
(A) For business (other than the nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors, which must comply with the provisions of Section 9.01 or Section 9.02) to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder pursuant to Section 2.15(A)(3), the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary of the Corporation and such business must be a proper subject for stockholder action.
To be timely, a stockholder’s notice shall be delivered, either by personal delivery or by United States mail, postage pre-paid, to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation by the close of business (as defined in Section 2.15(D)) not less than 90 days nor more than 120 days prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting; provided, however, that in the event that the date of the annual meeting is more than 30 days before or more than 60 days after such anniversary date, or if no meeting was held in the preceding year, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so delivered not earlier than the close of business on the 120th day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the 90th day prior to such annual meeting or the 10th day following the day on which public announcement (as defined in Section 2.15(D)) of the date of such meeting is first made by the Corporation. In no event shall an adjournment, recess or postponement of an annual meeting commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above.
Such stockholder’s notice shall set forth a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the meeting, the text of the proposal or business (including the text of any resolutions proposed for consideration and in the event that such business includes a proposal to amend the By-Laws of the Corporation, the language of the proposed amendment) and the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting. In addition, such stockholder’s notice shall set forth the information required under Section 2.16 of these By-Laws.
(B) Only such business shall be conducted at a meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 2.15. Except as otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, the Board of Directors or the person presiding over a meeting of stockholders shall have the power and duty to determine whether any business proposed by any stockholder to be brought before the meeting was made or

proposed in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 2.15 and, if any proposed business is not in compliance with this Section 2.15, then except as otherwise provided by law, the person presiding over the meeting of stockholders shall have the power and duty to declare that such defective proposal shall be disregarded.
(C) For purposes of these By-Laws, the “close of business” shall mean 6:00 p.m. local time at the principal executive offices of the Corporation on any calendar day, whether or not the day is a business day, and “public announcement” shall mean disclosure in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press or comparable national news service or in a document publicly filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.
(D) In addition to the foregoing provisions of this Section 2.15, a stockholder shall comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Section 2.15. Nothing in this Section 2.15 shall be deemed to affect any rights of stockholders to request inclusion of proposals in the Corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act.
Section 2.16 (1) As to the stockholder giving the notice pursuant to Section 2.15, Section 9.01 or Section 9.02, as the case may be, and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination is made or the other business is proposed, such stockholder’s notice must set forth: (1) the name and address of such stockholder, as they appear on the Corporation’s books, and of such beneficial owner; and (2) the class and number of shares of the Corporation which are owned of record by such stockholder and such beneficial owner as of the date of the notice, and a representation that the stockholder shall notify the Corporation in writing within five business days after the record date for the meeting of the class and number of shares of the Corporation owned of record by such stockholder and such beneficial owner as of the record date for the meeting.
(A) As to the stockholder giving the notice pursuant to Section 2.15, Section 9.01 or Section 9.02, as the case may be, or the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination is made or the other business is proposed, and if such stockholder or beneficial owner is an entity, as to each director, executive, managing member or control person of such entity (any such individual or control person, a “control person”), such stockholder’s notice must set forth: (1) the class and number of shares owned beneficially (as defined in Section 2.16(E)) but not of record by such

stockholder or beneficial owner and by any control person as of the date of the notice, and a representation that the stockholder shall notify the Corporation in writing within five business days after the record date for the meeting of the class and number of shares of the Corporation owned beneficially by such stockholder or beneficial owner and by any control person as of the record date for the meeting; (2) whether and the extent to which any derivative instrument, swap, option, warrant, short interest, hedge or profit interest or other transaction has been entered into by or on behalf of such stockholder, beneficial owner or control person with respect to stock of the Corporation and whether any other agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any short position or any borrowing or lending of shares of stock) has been made by or on behalf of such stockholder, beneficial owner or control person, the effect or intent of any of the foregoing being to mitigate loss to, or to manage risk of stock price changes for, such stockholder, beneficial owner or control person, or to maintain, increase or decrease the voting power or pecuniary or economic interest of such stockholder, beneficial owner or control person, with respect to stock of the Corporation, and a representation that the stockholder shall notify the Corporation in writing within five business days after the record date for the meeting of any such transaction, agreement, arrangement or understanding in effect as of the record date for the meeting; (3) a description of all agreements, arrangements or understandings between such stockholder, beneficial owner or control person and (a) any other person or persons (including their names) in connection with the proposal of such business (other than nominations) or (b) each proposed nominee and any other person or persons (including their names) pursuant to which the nomination(s) are to be made, as the case may be, and a representation that the stockholder shall notify the Corporation in writing within five business days after the record date for the meeting of any such agreement, arrangement or understanding in effect as of the record date for the meeting; (4) a description of any substantial interest (within the meaning of Item 5 of Schedule 14A of the Exchange Act) of such stockholder or beneficial owner in such business or nomination, as the case may be, including any anticipated benefit to the stockholder or beneficial owner therefrom; (5) a representation that such stockholder intends to appear in person or by proxy at the annual meeting to bring such business before the meeting or to nominate the persons named in its notice, as the case may be; and (6) any other information relating to such stockholder or beneficial owner that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with the solicitation of proxies with respect to business brought at annual meeting of stockholders or for election of directors, as the case may be, pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. For purposes of Section 2.16(B), shares shall be treated as “beneficially owned” by a person if the person beneficially owns such shares, directly or

indirectly, for purposes of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and Regulations 13D and 13G thereunder or has or shares pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding (whether or not in writing) (1) the right to acquire such shares (whether such right is exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time or the fulfillment of a condition or both), (2) the right to vote such shares, alone or in concert with others and/or (3) investment power with respect to such shares, including the power to dispose of, or to direct the disposition of, such shares. References in this Section 2.16 to the “record date” shall be deemed to refer to the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote and the meeting of stockholders.
(B) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 2.16, except as otherwise provided by law, if the stockholder does not provide the information required under Section 2.16(A) and 2.16(B) to the Corporation within the time frames specified herein, or if the stockholder (or a qualified representative of the stockholder) does not appear at an annual or special meeting of stockholders of the Corporation to present a nomination or other business, such nomination shall be disregarded and such other business shall not be transacted, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the Corporation. For purposes of these By-Laws, to be considered a qualified representative of a stockholder, a person must be a duly authorized officer, manager or partner of such stockholder or authorized by a writing executed by such stockholder (or a reliable reproduction or electronic transmission of the writing) delivered to the Corporation prior to the making of a nomination or proposing other business at a meeting by such stockholder stating that such person is authorized to act for such stockholder as proxy at the meeting of stockholders.
Section 2.17 (1) Any action that may be taken at any annual or special meeting of stockholders may be taken without a meeting and without a vote, if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, is signed by the stockholders having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted. Prompt notice of the taking of such action without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent shall be given to each stockholder who did not consent thereto in writing.
(A) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which record date shall

not be more than ten days after the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors. Any stockholder of record seeking to have the stockholders authorize or take corporate action by written consent shall, by written notice to the Secretary, request the Board of Directors to fix a record date. The Board of Directors shall promptly, but in all events within ten days after the date on which such a request is received, adopt a resolution fixing the record date. If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors within ten days of the date on which such a request is received, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, when no prior action by the Board of Directors is required by law, shall be the first date on which a signed written consent setting forth the action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to the Corporation by delivery to its registered office in Delaware, its principal place of business or an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded. Delivery made to the Corporation’s registered office shall be by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested. If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors and prior action by the Board of Directors is required by applicable law, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting shall be at the close of business (as defined in Section 2.15(D) above) on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolutions taking such prior action.
ARTICLE III
MATTERS RELATING TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Directors
Section 3.01 The business of the Corporation shall be managed by its Board of Directors, which may exercise all such powers of the Corporation and do all such lawful acts and things as are not by statute, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws directed or required to be exercised or done by the stockholders.
Section 3.02 The number of directors of the Corporation which shall constitute the whole Board shall be nine, or such other numbers as may be determined by written resolution of the Board of Directors. The directors shall be elected at the annual meeting of the stockholders, except as provided in Section 3.04, and each director elected shall hold office until his or her successor is elected and qualified or until his or her earlier resignation or removal. Directors need not be stockholders of the Corporation.
Section 3.03 Any director of the Corporation may resign at any time either by oral tender of resignation at any meeting of the Board of Directors or by delivering

written notice thereof to the Secretary of the Corporation. Such resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein, and unless otherwise specified with respect thereto the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.
Section 3.04 Any director may be removed, with or without cause, at any time, by the affirmative vote of the holders of record of a majority of all the shares of capital stock entitled to vote at a special meeting of the stockholders called for such purpose. Vacancies in the Board of Directors created by the death, resignation or removal of directors and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors may be filled only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining directors. If the directors remaining in office shall be unable, by majority vote, to fill such vacancy within 60 days of the occurrence thereof, the Chairperson of the Board or the President may call a special meeting of the stockholders at which such vacancy shall be filled. Any director so chosen shall hold office until the next annual election and until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified or until his or her earlier resignation or removal. If there are no directors in office, then an election of directors may be held in the manner provided by statute.
Meetings of the Board of Directors
Section 3.05 The Board of Directors of the Corporation may hold meetings, both regular and special, either within or without the State of Delaware.
Section 3.06 The Board of Directors shall meet as soon as practicable after the annual election of directors, for the purpose of organization and the transaction of other business including the election of officers and election of the Chairperson of the Board and, if applicable, a Vice Chairperson of the Board. No notice of such meeting shall be required. Such organization meeting may, however, be held at any other time or place which shall be specified in a notice given as hereinafter provided for special meetings of the Board, or in a consent and waiver of notice thereof signed by all the directors.
Section 3.07 Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held without notice at such time and at such place as shall from time to time be determined by the Board. Any business of the Corporation may be transacted at any such regular meeting.
Section 3.08 Special meetings of the Board of Directors shall be called by the Secretary, on three days; notice to each director as provided in Article IV, either on the request of the Chairperson of the Board, the President or on the written request of two directors.

Section 3.09 At all meetings of the Board of Directors, a majority of the directors then in office shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and the act of a quorum shall be the act of the Board of Directors, except as may be otherwise specifically provided by statute, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws. If a quorum shall not be present at any meeting of the Board of Directors, the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present.
Section 3.10 Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of Incorporation or these By- Laws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting, if all members of the Board or such committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing, and the writing or writings are filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the Board or such committee.
Section 3.11 Members of the Board of Directors or any committee designated by the Board pursuant to Section 3.12 may participate in a meeting of such Board or committee by means of conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and such participation in a meeting shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.
Committees of Directors
Section 3.12 The Board of Directors may, by resolution passed by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors, designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation. The Board may by like vote designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. Any such committee, to the extent provided in the adopting resolution, shall have and may exercise the powers of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation, and may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it, but no such committee shall have the power or authority in reference to the following matter: (A) approving or adopting, or recommending to the stockholders, any action or matter expressly required by Delaware Law to be submitted to the stockholders for approval or (B) adopting, amending or repealing any By-Law of the Corporation. Such committee or committees shall have such name or names as may be determined from time to time by resolution adopted by the Board of Directors.

Section 3.13 Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings and report the same to the Board of Directors when required.
Compensation
Section 3.14 Directors, and members of any committee of the Board of Directors, shall be entitled to such reasonable compensation for their services as directors and members of each such committee as shall be fixed from time to time by resolution of the Board of Directors, and shall also be entitled to reimbursement for any reasonable expenses incurred in attending such meetings. Any directors receiving compensation under these provisions shall not be barred from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving reasonable compensation for such other services.
ARTICLE IV
NOTICES
Section 4.01 Whenever, under the provisions of the statutes, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, notice is required to be given to any director or stockholder, it shall not be construed to mean personal notice, but such notice may be given in writing, by mail, addressed to such director, or stockholder, at his or her address as it appears on the records of the Corporation, with postage thereon prepaid, and such notice shall be deemed to be given at the time when the same shall be deposited in the United States mail. Notice to directors may also be given by telegram, cable or facsimile transmission.
Section 4.02 Whenever any notice is required to be given under the provisions of the statutes, the Certificate of Incorporation or of these By-Laws, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or persons entitled to said notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to such notice. Attendance in person or by proxy of a person at a meeting of stockholders shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the stockholder attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting and does so object at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Any director attending a meeting of the Board of Directors without protesting, prior to the meeting or at its commencement, any lack of notice shall be conclusively deemed to have waived notice if such meeting.

ARTICLE V
OFFICERS
Section 5.01 The principal officers of the Corporation shall be a President, one or more Vice Presidents, a Treasurer and a Secretary who shall have the duty, among other things, to record the proceedings of the meetings of stockholders and directors in a book kept for that purpose. The Corporation may also have such other principal officers, including one or more Controllers, as the Board may in its discretion appoint. One person may hold the offices and perform the duties of any two or more of said offices, except that no one person shall hold the offices and perform the duties of President and Secretary.
Section 5.02 The principal officers of the Corporation shall be elected annually by the Board of Directors at the annual meeting thereof. Each such officer shall hold office until his successor is elected and qualified, or until his earlier death, resignation or removal. Any vacancy in any office shall be filled in such manner as the Board of Directors shall determine.
Section 5.03 In addition to the principal officers enumerated in Section 5.01 herein, the Corporation may have one or more Assistant Treasurers, Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Controllers and such other subordinate officers, agents and employees as the Board of Directors may deem necessary, each of whom shall hold office for such period as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine. The Board of Directors may delegate to any principal officer the power to appoint and to remove any such subordinate officers, agents or employees.
Section 5.04 The compensation of all officers and agents of the Corporation shall be fixed by the Board of Directors except to the extent such power shall be delegated, by resolution of the Board, to a committee of directors, to the Chairperson of the Board or to the President.
Section 5.05 Any officer or agent of the Corporation may be removed at any time, either with or without cause, by the Board of Directors in its sole discretion. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the Corporation may be filled at any time by the Board of Directors.
ARTICLE VI

MATTERS RELATING TO THE STOCK OF THE CORPORATION
Section 6.01 The shares of capital stock of the Corporation may be represented by certificates or may be uncertificated. To the extent that shares are represented by certificates, the certificates shall be in such form as shall be determined by the Board of Directors and shall be numbered consecutively and entered in the books of the Corporation as they are issued. Every holder of shares of capital stock of the Corporation theretofore represented by certificates and, upon request, every holder of uncertificated shares, shall be entitled to have a certificate for shares of capital stock of the Corporation in the form approved by the Board of Directors, signed by, or in the name of the Corporation by, (A) the Chairperson of the Board or the President or a Vice President and (B) the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, certifying the number of such shares owned by such stockholder in the Corporation. Except as otherwise provided by law, the rights and obligations of the holders of uncertificated stock and the rights and obligations of the holders of certificates representing stock of the same class and series shall be identical.
Section 6.02 Where any such certificate is signed either by a transfer agent or an assistant transfer agent, or by a transfer clerk acting on behalf of the Corporation and by a registrar, the signature of any such Chairperson of the Board, President, Vice President, Treasurer, Assistant Treasurer, Secretary or Assistant Secretary may be facsimile. In case any such officer who has signed, or whose facsimile signature has been affixed on, any such certificate shall cease to be such officer, whether because of resignation, removal or otherwise, before such certificate has been issued or delivered by the Corporation, such certificate may nevertheless be issued and delivered by the Corporation with the same effect as if such officer had not ceased to be such at the date of such delivery.
Section 6.03 In case any certificate of stock shall be lost, stolen or destroyed, the Board of Directors, in its discretion, or any officer or officers thereunto duly authorized by the Board, may authorize the issuance of uncertificated shares or, if requested by the registered owner, a substitute certificate in place of the certificate so lost, stolen or destroyed; provided, however, that in each such case the applicant for uncertificated shares or a substitute certificate shall furnish evidence to the Corporation which the Board of Directors, or any office or officers authorized as aforesaid, determines is satisfactory, of the loss, theft or destruction of such certificate and of the ownership thereof, and also such security or indemnity as may be required by the Board.

Section 6.04 Stock of the Corporation shall be transferable in the manner prescribed by applicable law and in these By-Laws. Transfers of stock shall be made on the books of the Corporation, and in the case of certificated shares of stock, only by the person named in the certificate or by such person’s attorney lawfully constituted in writing, and upon the surrender of the certificate therefor to the Corporation or the transfer agent of the Corporation, properly endorsed for transfer or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignment or authority to transfer, or in the case of uncertificated shares of stock, upon receipt of proper transfer instructions from the registered holder of the shares or by such person’s attorney lawfully constituted in writing, and in either case upon payment of all necessary transfer taxes; provided, however, that such surrender and endorsement, compliance or payment of taxes shall not be required in any case in which the officers of the Corporation shall determine to waive such requirement. With respect to certificated shares of stock, every certificate exchanged, returned or surrendered to the Corporation shall be marked “Cancelled,” with the date of cancellation, by the Secretary or Assistant Secretary of the Corporation or the transfer agent of the Corporation. No transfer of stock shall be valid as against the Corporation for any purpose until it shall have been entered in the stock records of the Corporation by an entry showing from and to whom transferred.
Section 6.05 (1) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which record date shall not be more than sixty nor less than ten days before the date of such meeting. If no record date is fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business (as defined in Section 2.15(D) above) on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; providing, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting. See Section 2.17(B) with respect to the fixing of a record date to determine the stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting.
(A) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights or the

stockholders entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted, and which record date shall not be more than sixty days prior to such action. If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto.
Section 6.06 The Corporation shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares to receive dividends, and to vote as such owner, and to hold liable for calls and assessments a person registered on its books as the owner of shares, and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by Delaware Law.
ARTICLE VII
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Dividends
Section 7.01 Dividends upon the capital stock of the Corporation, subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, if any, may be declared by the Board of Directors at any regular or special meeting, pursuant to law. Dividends may be paid in cash, in property, or in shares of capital stock, subject to the applicable provisions, if any, of the Certificate of Incorporation.
Section 7.02 Before payment of any dividend, there may be set aside out of any funds of the Corporation available for dividends such sum or sums as the directors from time to time, in their absolute discretion, think proper as a reserve or reserves to meet contingencies, or for equalizing dividends or for repairing or maintaining any property of the Corporation, or for such other purpose as the directors shall think conducive to the interest of the Corporation, and the directors may modify or abolish any such reserve in the manner in which it was created.
Fiscal Year

Section 7.03 The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be the calendar year unless otherwise fixed by resolution of the Board of Directors.
Voting Securities Held by the Corporation
Section 7.04 Unless otherwise ordered by the Board of Directors, the President shall have full power and authority on behalf of the Corporation to attend and to act and to vote at any meeting of security holders of other corporations in which the Corporation may hold securities. At such meeting the President shall possess and may exercise any and all rights and powers incident to the ownership of such securities which the Corporation might have possessed and exercised if it had been present. The Board of Directors may, from time to time, confer like powers upon any other person or persons.
Section 7.05 The corporate seal shall have inscribed thereon the name of the Corporation, the year of its organization and the words “Corporate Seal, Delaware.” The seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or reproduced or otherwise.
ARTICLE VIII
INDEMNIFICATION
Section 8.01 (1) Any person (and the heirs, executors or administrators of such person) who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to or was or is involved (as a witness or otherwise) in any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than any action or suit by or in the right of the Corporation to procure a judgment in its favor (a “derivative action”)) by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director, officer or employee of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, including service with respect to employee benefit plans, shall be indemnified by the Corporation, to the extent authorized by the laws of the State of Delaware as the same exists or may hereafter be amended (but, in the case of any such amendment, only to the extent that such amendment permits the Corporation to provide broader indemnification rights than such laws permitted prior to such amendment), against all expenses (including, but not limited to, attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement) actually and reasonably incurred by him or her in connection with the defense or settlement of such action, suit or proceeding. In the event of any derivative action, such persons shall be indemnified by the Corporation under the same conditions and to the same extent as specified above, except that no

indemnification is permitted in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such persons shall have been adjudged to be liable to the Corporation unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery or the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper. The indemnification expressly provided by statute in a specific case shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which any person indemnified may be entitled under any lawful agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in his or her official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office, and shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person.
(A) The right to indemnification conferred in this Article VIII is and shall be a contract right. The right to indemnification conferred in this Article VIII shall include the right to be paid by the Corporation the expenses (including attorneys’ fees and retainers therefor) reasonably incurred in connection with any such proceeding in advance of its final disposition, such advances to be paid by the Corporation within 20 days after the receipt by the Corporation of a statement or statements from a director, officer or employee of the Corporation requesting such advance or advances from time to time; provided, however, the payment of such expenses incurred by a director, officer or employee in his or her capacity as a director, officer or employee in advance of the final disposition of a proceeding shall be made only upon delivery to the Corporation of an undertaking by or on behalf of such director, officer or employee to repay all amounts so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined that such director, officer or employee is not entitled to be indemnified under this Article VIII or otherwise.
(B) To obtain indemnification under this Article VIII, an indemnitee shall submit to the Corporation a written request, including therein or therewith such documentation and information as is reasonably available to such person and is reasonably necessary to determine whether and to what extent the indemnitee is entitled to indemnification.
(C) The Corporation may maintain insurance, at its expense, to protect itself and any director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation or another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any expense, liability or loss incurred by such person in any such capacity or arising out of such person’s status as such, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify such person

against such expense, liability or loss under Delaware Law. To the extent that the Corporation maintains any policy or policies providing such insurance, each such director, officer or employee, and each such agent to which rights to indemnification have been granted as provided in paragraph (E) of this Article VIII, shall be covered by such policy or policies in accordance with its or their terms to the maximum extent of the coverage thereunder for any such director, officer, employee or agent.
(D) The Corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors, grant rights to indemnification, and rights to be paid by the Corporation the expenses incurred in connection with any proceeding in advance of its final disposition, to any agent of the Corporation to the fullest extent of the provisions of this Article VIII with respect to the indemnification and advancement of expenses of directors, officers and employees of the Corporation.
(E) Neither the amendment nor repeal of this Article VIII, nor the adoption of any provision of this Certificate of Incorporation or the By-Laws of the Corporation, nor, to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware Law, any modification of law, shall eliminate or reduce the effect of this Article VIII in respect of any acts or omissions occurring prior to such amendment, repeal, adoption or modification.
ARTICLE IX
NOMINATION OF DIRECTORS
Section 9.01 (1) Only persons who are nominated in accordance with the following procedures shall be eligible for election as directors of the Corporation, except as may be otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation with respect to the rights of holders of any preferred stock of the Corporation to nominate and elect a specified number of directors in certain circumstances. Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors may be made at any annual meeting of stockholders or at any special meeting of stockholders called for the purpose of electing directors (1) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, (2) by any stockholder of the Corporation who is a stockholder of record at the time of giving of the notice provided for in this Section 9.01 and at the time of the meeting, is entitled to vote thereon at the meeting and who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 9.01, (3) by any Eligible Stockholder (as defined below) who complies with the procedures set forth in Section 9.02, or (4) in the case of a Stockholder Requested Special Meeting, by any stockholder of the Corporation pursuant to Section 2.04; clauses (2), (3), and (4) shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to nominate persons for election to the Board of Directors before an annual meeting or special meeting of stockholders.

Notwithstanding any other provision of these By-Laws, in the case of a Stockholder Requested Special Meeting, no stockholder may nominate a person for election to the Board of Directors or propose any other business to be considered at the meeting, except pursuant to the written request(s) delivered for such special meeting pursuant to Section 2.04.
(A) Any stockholder of record may nominate one or more persons for election as director at a meeting (other than a Stockholder Requested Special Meeting) only if the written notice required by this Section 9.01 with respect to any nomination or nominations (including the completed and signed questionnaire, representation and agreement required by Section 9.01(D)) has been given, either by personal delivery or by United States mail, postage prepaid, to the Secretary of the Corporation at the principal executive offices of the Corporation (1) with respect to an election to be held at an annual meeting of stockholders, in accordance with the time periods prescribed for delivery of notice under Section 2.15(B), and (2) with respect to an election to be held at a special meeting of stockholders for the election of directors (other than a Stockholder Requested Special Meeting), the close of business (as defined in Section 2.15(D)) on the seventh day following the earlier of (a) the date on which notice of such meeting is first given to stockholders and (b) the date on which a public announcement (as defined in Section 2.15(D)) of such meeting is first made. In no event shall an adjournment, recess or postponement of an annual meeting or special meeting commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above.
(B) Each such notice shall include: (1) the class and number of shares of the Corporation which are owned beneficially and of record by each person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election as a director; (2) the name and address of the person or persons to be nominated; (3) the consent of each nominee to serve as a director of the Corporation if so elected; and (4) as to each person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election as a director (a) the name of each nominee holder of shares owned beneficially but not of record by such person and the number of shares of stock held by each such nominee holder, (b) whether and the extent to which any derivative instrument, swap, option, warrant, short interest, hedge or profit interest or other transaction has been entered into by or on behalf of such person with respect to stock of the Corporation and whether any other agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any short position or any borrowing or lending of shares of stock) has been made by or on behalf of such person, the effect or intent of any of the foregoing being to mitigate loss to, or to manage risk of stock price changes for, such

person or to increase the voting power or pecuniary or economic interest of such person with respect to stock of the Corporation, (c) any other information relating to the person that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for election of directors pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and (d) a completed and signed questionnaire, representation and agreements required by Section 9.01(D). In addition, such stockholder’s notice shall set forth the information required under Section 2.16 of these By-Laws. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 9.01(C), the Corporation also may require each person to be nominated to furnish such other information as may reasonably be required by the Corporation to determine the eligibility of such person to serve as a director of the Corporation, including information relevant to a determination whether such person can be considered an independent director. No person shall be eligible for election as a director of the Corporation unless nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 9.01 or in Section 9.02. Only such nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors shall be conducted at a meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 9.01 or in Section 9.02. Except as otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, the Board of Directors or the person presiding over a meeting of stockholders shall have the power and duty to determine whether any nomination proposed by any stockholder to be brought before the meeting was made or proposed in accordance with the procedures set forth in the applicable section and, if any nomination is not in compliance with such section, then except as otherwise provided by law, the person presiding over the meeting of stockholders shall have the power and duty to declare that such defective nomination or other business shall be disregarded.
(C) For a stockholder nominee to be eligible for election as a director of the Corporation, a person must deliver (in accordance with the time periods prescribed for delivery of notice under Section 2.15(B)) to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation a written questionnaire with respect to the background and qualification of such person and the background of any other person or entity on whose behalf the nomination is being made (which questionnaire shall be provided by the Secretary upon written request by a stockholder of record) and a written representation and agreement (in the form provided by the Secretary upon written request by a stockholder of record) that such person (1) is not and will not become a party to (a) any agreement, arrangement or understanding with, and has not given any commitment or assurance to, any person or entity as to how such person, if elected as a director of the

Corporation, will act or vote on any issue or question (a “Voting Commitment”) that has not been disclosed to the Corporation or (b) any Voting Commitment that could limit or interfere with such person’s ability to comply, if elected as a director of the Corporation, with such person’s fiduciary duties under applicable law, (2) is not and will not become a party to any agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person or entity other than the Corporation with respect to any direct or indirect compensation, reimbursement or indemnification in connection with service or action as a director that has not been disclosed therein and (3) in such person’s individual capacity and on behalf of any person or entity on whose behalf the nomination is being made, would be in compliance, if elected as a director of the Corporation, and will comply with all applicable publicly disclosed corporate governance, conflict of interest, confidentiality and stock ownership and trading policies and guidelines of the Corporation.
Section 9.02 (1) Subject to the terms and conditions of these By-Laws, in connection with an annual meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected, the Corporation will include in its proxy statement and on its form of proxy the name of a nominee for election to the Board of Directors submitted pursuant to this Section 9.02 (a “Stockholder Nominee”), and will include in its proxy statement the “Required Information” (as defined below), if:
(1) the Stockholder Nominee satisfies the eligibility requirements in this Section 9.02,
(2) the Stockholder Nominee is identified in a timely notice (the “Stockholder Notice”) that satisfies this Section 9.02 and is delivered by a stockholder that qualifies as, or is acting on behalf of, an Eligible Stockholder (as defined below),
(3) the Eligible Stockholder expressly elects at the time of the delivery of the Stockholder Notice to have the Stockholder Nominee included in the Corporation’s proxy materials, and
(4) the additional requirements of these By-Laws are met.
(B) To qualify as an “Eligible Stockholder,” a stockholder or a group as described in this Section 9.02(B) must:
(1) Own and have Owned (as defined below), continuously for at least three years as of the date of the Stockholder Notice, a number of shares (as adjusted for any stock splits, stock dividends, or similar events) that represents at least three percent (3%) of the outstanding shares of the Corporation that are entitled to vote in the

election of directors as of the date of the Stockholder Notice (the “Required Shares”), and
(2) thereafter continue to Own the Required Shares through such annual meeting of stockholders.
For purposes of satisfying the ownership requirements of this Section 9.02(B), a group of no more than twenty stockholders and/or beneficial owners may aggregate the number of shares of capital stock that each group member Owns and has Owned continuously for at least three years as of the date of the Stockholder Notice. No stockholder or beneficial owner, alone or together with any of its affiliates, may individually or as a member of a group qualify as more than one Eligible Stockholder under this Section 9.02. A group of any two or more funds that are (a) under common management and funded primarily by the same employer, or (b) constitute a “group of investment companies,” as such term is defined in Section 12(d)(1)(G)(ii) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, (but without regard to whether such investment companies are registered pursuant to the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended) shall be treated as one stockholder or beneficial owner for purposes of this Section 9.02. Whenever an Eligible Stockholder consists of a group of stockholders and/or beneficial owners, any and all requirements and obligations for an Eligible Stockholder set forth in this Section 9.02 must be satisfied by and as to each such stockholder or beneficial owner, except that shares may be aggregated as specified in this Section 9.02(B) and except as otherwise provided in this Section 9.02. The term “affiliate” or “affiliates” shall have the meanings ascribed thereto under the rules and regulations promulgated under the Exchange Act.
(C) For purposes of this Section 9.02, the term “Own,” when used with respect to a stockholder or beneficial owner, shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.04(F) and the terms “Owned,” “Owning” and other variations of the word “Own” shall have correlative meanings.
(D) For purposes of this Section 9.02, the “Required Information” that the Corporation will include in its proxy statement is:
(1) the information set forth in the Schedule 14N provided with the Stockholder Notice concerning each Stockholder Nominee and the Eligible Stockholder that is required to be disclosed in the Corporation’s proxy statement by the applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, and

(2) if the Eligible Stockholder so elects, a single written statement of the Eligible Stockholder (or, in the case of a group, a single written statement of the group), not to exceed 500 words, in support of each Stockholder Nominee, which must be provided at the same time as the Stockholder Notice for inclusion in the Corporation’s proxy statement for the annual meeting (the “Statement”).
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Section 9.02, the Corporation may omit from its proxy materials any information or Statement that it, in good faith, believes is untrue in any material respect (or omits a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading) or would violate any applicable law, rule, regulation or listing standard. Nothing in this Section 9.02 shall limit the Corporation’s ability to solicit against and include in its proxy materials its own statements relating to any Eligible Stockholder or Stockholder Nominee.
(E) The Stockholder Notice shall set forth all information, representations and agreements required under Section 2.16 above (and for such purposes, references in Section 2.15 to the “beneficial owner” on whose behalf the nomination is made shall be deemed to refer to “Eligible Stockholder”), and in addition such Stockholder Notice shall include:
(1) a copy of the Schedule 14N that has been or concurrently is filed with the SEC under the Exchange Act,
(2) a statement of the Eligible Stockholder (and in the case of a group, the written agreement of each stockholder or beneficial owner whose shares are aggregated for purposes of constituting an Eligible Stockholder), which statement(s) shall also be included in the Schedule 14N filed with the SEC: (a) setting forth and certifying to the number of shares of capital stock the Eligible Stockholder Owns and has Owned (as defined in Section 9.02(C) of these By-Laws) continuously for at least three years as of the date of the Stockholder Notice, (b) agreeing to continue to Own such shares through the annual meeting, (c) agreeing that within five business days of being notified that its Stockholder Nominee will be included in the Corporation’s proxy materials for the relevant annual meeting, it will recall any of the Required Shares that have been loaned and continue to hold the Required Shares through the date of the annual meeting, and (d) stating whether it intends to maintain Ownership of the Required Shares for at least one year following the annual meeting,

(3) the written agreement of the Eligible Stockholder (and in the case of a group, the written agreement of each stockholder or beneficial owner whose shares are aggregated for purposes of constituting an Eligible Stockholder) addressed to the Corporation, setting forth the following additional agreements, representations, and warranties:
(a) it will provide (i) the information required under Section 2.16 as of the record date, (ii) written statements from the record holder and intermediaries as required under Section 9.02(G) verifying the Eligible Stockholder’s continuous Ownership of the Required Shares, as of the record date, and (iii) immediate notice to the Corporation if the Eligible Stockholder ceases to own any of the Required Shares prior to the annual meeting of stockholders,
(b) it (i) acquired the Required Shares in the ordinary course of business and not with the intent to change or influence control at the Corporation, and does not presently have any such intent, (ii) has not nominated and will not nominate for election to the Board of Directors at the annual meeting any person other than the Stockholder Nominee(s) being nominated pursuant to this Section 9.02, (iii) has not engaged and will not engage in, and has not been and will not be a participant (as defined in Item 4 of Exchange Act Schedule 14A) in, a solicitation within the meaning of Exchange Act Rule 14a-1(l), in support of the election of any individual as a director at the annual meeting other than its Stockholder Nominee or a nominee of the Board of Directors, and (iv) will not distribute to any stockholder any form of proxy for the annual meeting other than the form distributed by the Corporation, and
(c) it will (i) assume all liability stemming from any legal or regulatory violation arising out of the Eligible Stockholder’s communications with the stockholders of the Corporation or out of the information that the Eligible Stockholder provided to the Corporation, (ii) indemnify and hold harmless the Corporation and each of its directors, officers and employees individually against any liability, loss or damages in connection with any threatened or pending action, suit or proceeding, whether legal, administrative or investigative, against the Corporation or any of its directors, officers or employees arising out of any nomination submitted by the Eligible Stockholder pursuant to this Section 9.02, (iii) comply with all laws, rules, regulations and listing standards applicable to any solicitation in connection with the annual meeting, (iv) file all materials described below in Section 9.02(G)(3) with the SEC, regardless of whether any such filing is required under Exchange Act Regulation 14A, or whether any exemption from filing is available for such materials under Exchange Act Regulation 14A, and (v) promptly

provide to the Corporation prior to the day of the annual meeting such additional information as reasonably requested by the Corporation, and
(4) in the case of a nomination by a group, the designation by all group members of one group member that is authorized to act on behalf of all members of the nominating stockholder group with respect to the nomination and matters related thereto, including withdrawal of the nomination.
(F) To be timely under this Section 9.02, the Stockholder Notice must be delivered by a stockholder to the Secretary of the Corporation at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business (as defined in Section 2.15(D) above) on the 120 th day nor earlier than the close of business on the 150 th day prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting; provided, however, that in the event the annual meeting is more than 30 days before or after such anniversary date, or if no annual meeting was held in the preceding year, to be timely the Stockholder Notice must be so delivered not earlier than the close of business on the 150 th day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the 120 th day prior to such annual meeting or the 10th day following the day on which public announcement (as defined in Section 2.15(D) above) of the date of such meeting is first made by the Corporation. In no event shall an adjournment or recess of an annual meeting, or a postponement of an annual meeting for which notice has been given or with respect to which there has been a public announcement of the date of the meeting, commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of the Stockholder Notice as described above.
(G) An Eligible Stockholder must:
(1) within five business days after the date of the Stockholder Notice, provide to the Corporation one or more written statements from the record holder(s) of the Required Shares and from each intermediary through which the Required Shares are or have been held, in each case during the requisite three-year holding period, specifying the number of shares that the Eligible Stockholder Owns, and has Owned continuously in compliance with this Section 9.02,
(2) include in the Schedule 14N filed with the SEC a statement by the Eligible Stockholder (and in the case of a group, by each stockholder or beneficial owner whose shares are aggregated for purposes of constituting and Eligible Stockholder) certifying (a) the number of shares of capital stock that it Owns and has

Owned continuously for at least three years as of the date of the Stockholder Notice, and (b) that it Owns and has Owned such shares within the meaning of Section 9.02(C),
(3) file with the SEC any solicitation or other communication by or on behalf of the Eligible Stockholder relating to the Corporation’s annual meeting of stockholders, one or more of the Corporation’s directors or director nominees or any Stockholder Nominee, regardless of whether any such filing is required under Exchange Act Regulation 14A or whether any exemption from filing is available for such solicitation or other communication under Exchange Act Regulation 14A, and
(4) in the case of any group, within five business days after the date of the Stockholder Notice, provide to the Corporation documentation reasonably satisfactory to the Corporation demonstrating that the number of stockholders and/or beneficial owners within such group does not exceed twenty, including whether a group of investment companies qualifies as one stockholder or beneficial owner within the meaning of Section 9.02(B).
The information provided pursuant to this Section 9.02(G) shall be deemed part of the Stockholder Notice for purposes of this Section 9.02.
(H) Within the time period for delivery of the Stockholder Notice, a written representation and agreement of each Stockholder Nominee shall be delivered to the Secretary of the Corporation at the principal executive offices of the Corporation, which shall be signed by each Stockholder Nominee and shall represent and agree that such Stockholder Nominee:
(1) consents to being named in the Corporation’s proxy statement and form of proxy as a nominee and to serving as a director if elected;
(2) is not and will not become a party to any agreement, arrangement, or understanding with, and has not given any commitment or assurance to, any person or entity as to how such Stockholder Nominee, if elected as a director, will act or vote on any issue or question that has not been disclosed to the Corporation,
(3) is not and will not become a party to any agreement, arrangement, or understanding with any person or entity other than the Corporation with respect to any direct or indirect compensation, reimbursement, or indemnification in connection with service or action as a director that has not been disclosed to the Corporation, and

(4) if elected as a director, will comply with all of the Corporation’s corporate governance, conflict of interest, confidentiality, and stock ownership and trading policies and guidelines, and any other Corporation policies and guidelines applicable to directors.
At the time of submission of the Stockholder Notice, the Stockholder Nominee must submit all completed and signed questionnaires required of the Corporation’s directors and, at the request of the Corporation, provide to the Corporation such other information as it may reasonably request. The Corporation may request such additional information as necessary to permit the Board of Directors to determine if each Stockholder Nominee satisfies the requirements of this Section 9.02.
(I) In the event that any information or communications provided by the Eligible Stockholder or any Stockholder Nominees to the Corporation or its stockholders is not, when provided, or thereafter ceases to be, true, correct and complete in all material respects (including omitting a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading), such Eligible Stockholder or Stockholder Nominee, as the case may be, shall promptly notify the Secretary and provide the information that is required to make such information or communication true, correct, complete and not misleading; it being understood that providing any such notification shall not be deemed to cure any defect or limit the Corporation’s right to omit a Stockholder Nominee from its proxy materials as provided in this Section 9.02.
(J) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Section 9.02, the Corporation may omit from its proxy materials any Stockholder Nominee, and such nomination shall be disregarded and no vote on such Stockholder Nominee will occur, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the Corporation, if:
(1) the Eligible Stockholder or Stockholder Nominee breaches any of its respective agreements, representations, or warranties set forth in the Stockholder Notice (or otherwise submitted pursuant to this Section 9.02), any of the information in the Stockholder Notice (or otherwise submitted pursuant to this Section 9.02) was not, when provided, true, correct and complete, or the requirements of this Section 9.02 have otherwise not been met,
(2) the Stockholder Nominee (a) is not independent under any applicable listing standards, any applicable rules of the SEC, and any publicly disclosed standards

used by the Board of Directors in determining and disclosing the independence of the Corporation’s Directors, (b) does not qualify as independent under the audit committee independence requirements set forth in the rules of the principal U.S. exchange on which shares of the Corporation are listed, as a “non-employee director” under Exchange Act Rule 16b-3, or as an “outside director” for the purposes of Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code (or any successor provision), (c) is or has been, within the past three years, an officer or director of a competitor, as defined in Section 8 of the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914, as amended, (d) is a named subject of a pending criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor offenses) or has been convicted in a criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor offenses) within the past ten years or (e) is subject to any order of the type specified in Rule 506(d) of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,
(3) the Corporation has received a notice (whether or not subsequently withdrawn) that a stockholder intends to nominate any candidate for election to the Board of Directors pursuant to the advance notice requirements for stockholder nominees for director in Section 9.01 of this Article IX,
(4) the election of the Stockholder Nominee to the Board of Directors would cause the Corporation to violate the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation, these By-Laws, any applicable law, rule, regulation or listing standard, or
(5) the Eligible Stockholder or applicable Stockholder Nominee fails to comply with its obligations pursuant to these By-Laws, including but not limited to its obligations under this Section 9.02.
(K) The maximum number of Stockholder Nominees submitted by all Eligible Stockholders that may be included in the Corporation’s proxy materials pursuant to this Section 9.02, shall not exceed twenty percent (20%) of the number of directors in office as of the last day on which a Stockholder Notice may be delivered pursuant to this Section 9.02 with respect to the annual meeting, or if such amount is not a whole number, the closest whole number (rounding down) below twenty percent (20%) (such resulting number, the “Permitted Number”); provided that the Permitted Number shall be reduced by (1) any nominees who were previously elected to the Board of Directors as Stockholder Nominees at any of the preceding two annual meetings and who are nominated for election at such annual meeting by the Board of Directors as a Board of Directors nominee, and (2) any directors in office or director candidates that in either case will be included in the Corporation’s proxy materials with respect to such an annual meeting as an unopposed (by the Corporation) nominee pursuant to an agreement,

arrangement or other understanding between the Corporation and a stockholder or group of stockholders (other than any such agreement, arrangement or understanding entered into in connection with an acquisition of capital stock, by such stockholder or group of stockholders, from the Corporation). In the event that one or more vacancies for any reason occurs after the date of the Stockholder Notice but before the annual meeting and the Board of Directors resolves to reduce the size of the Board of Directors in connection therewith, the Permitted Number shall be calculated based on the number of directors in office as so reduced. In the event that the number of Stockholder Nominees submitted by Eligible Stockholders pursuant to this Section 9.02 exceeds the Permitted Number, the Corporation shall determine which Stockholder Nominees shall be included in the Corporation’s proxy materials in accordance with the following provisions: each Eligible Stockholder will select one Stockholder Nominee for inclusion in the Corporation’s proxy materials until the Permitted Number is reached, going in order of the amount (largest to smallest) of shares of the Corporation each Eligible Stockholder disclosed as Owned in its respective Stockholder Notice submitted to the Corporation. If the Permitted Number is not reached after each Eligible Stockholder has selected one Stockholder Nominee, this selection process will continue as many times as necessary, following the same order each time, until the Permitted Number is reached. Following such determination, if any Stockholder Nominee who satisfies the eligibility requirements in this Section 9.02 thereafter is nominated by the Board of Directors, thereafter is not included in the Corporation’s proxy materials or thereafter is not submitted for director election for any reason (including the Eligible Stockholder’s or Stockholder Nominee’s failure to comply with this Section 9.02), no other nominee or nominees shall be included in the Corporation’s proxy materials or otherwise submitted for director election in substitution thereof.
(L) Any Stockholder Nominee who is included in the Corporation’s proxy materials for a particular annual meeting of stockholders but either (1) withdraws from or becomes ineligible or unavailable for election at the annual meeting for any reason, including for the failure to comply with any provision of these By-Laws (provided that in no event shall any such withdrawal, ineligibility or unavailability commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a Stockholder Notice) or (2) does not receive a number of votes cast in favor of his or her election at least equal to twenty-five percent (25%) of the shares present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote in the election of directors, will be ineligible to be a Stockholder Nominee pursuant to this Section 9.02 for the next two annual meetings.

(M) The Board of Directors (and any other person or body authorized by the Board of Directors) shall have the power and authority to interpret this Section 9.02 and to make any and all determinations necessary or advisable to apply this Section 9.02 to any persons, facts or circumstances, including the power to determine (1) whether one or more stockholders or beneficial owners qualifies as an Eligible Stockholder, (2) whether a Stockholder Notice complies with this Section 9.02 and has otherwise met the requirements of this Section 9.02, (3) whether a Stockholder Nominee satisfies the qualifications and requirements in this Section 9.02, and (4) whether any and all requirements of this Section 9.02 have been satisfied. Any such interpretation or determination adopted in good faith by the Board of Directors (or any other person or body authorized by the Board of Directors) shall be binding on all persons, including the Corporation and its stockholders (including any beneficial owners). For purposes of applying the requirements of this Section 9.02 (including Section 9.02(A)(2)), the number of Required Shares required to be Owned by any person or persons during any time period shall be adjusted, in the manner determined by the Board of Directors (or any authorized committee thereof) to account for any stock dividend, stock split, subdivision, combination, reclassification or recapitalization of capital stock. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 9.02, unless otherwise required by law or otherwise determined by the chairperson of the meeting or the Board of Directors, if the stockholder or a qualified representative of the stockholder (as defined in Section 2.04(E)) does not appear at the annual meeting of stockholders of the Corporation to present its Stockholder Nominee or Stockholder Nominees, such nomination or nominations shall be disregarded, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of the election of the Stockholder Nominee or Stockholder Nominees may have been received by the Corporation. This Section 9.02 shall be the exclusive method for stockholders to include nominees for director election in the Corporation’s proxy materials.
ARTICLE X
AMENDMENTS
Section 10.01 These By-Laws may be amended or repealed by the affirmative vote of a majority of the stockholders entitled to vote thereon or a majority of the directors then in office at any regular meeting of the stockholders or of the Board of Directors, respectively, or at any special meeting of the stockholders or of the Board of Directors, respectively, if notice of such proposed alteration or repeal be contained in the notice of such meeting. The stockholders may determine by majority vote that any action taken by them with respect to adoption, amendment or repeal of any part of these

By-Laws shall not be subject to subsequent amendment or repeal by the Board of Directors, provided that any such determination shall be set forth in the appropriate place in the text of these By-Laws.