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Goodwill and Intangible Assets | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2022
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] |
Goodwill and Intangible Assets | Goodwill and Intangible Assets During the year ended December 31, 2022, we completed an immaterial business combination which increased goodwill and existing technology intangible assets. Goodwill The change in the carrying value of goodwill for the year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, categorized by reportable segments, is as follows (in thousands):
|  | Clear Aligner |  | Systems and Services |  | Total
Balance as of December 31, 2020 |  | $ | 112,691 |  |  | $ | 332,126 |  |  | $ | 444,817 |
Additions from acquisition |  | 3,646 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,646 |
Foreign currency translation adjustments |  | (4,129) |  |  | (25,787) |  |  | (29,916) |
Balance as of December 31, 2021 |  | 112,208 |  |  | 306,339 |  |  | 418,547 |
Additions from acquisition |  | — |  |  | 8,729 |  |  | 8,729 |
Foreign currency translation adjustments |  | (2,728) |  |  | (16,997) |  |  | (19,725) |
Balance as of December 31, 2022 |  | $ | 109,480 |  |  | $ | 298,071 |  |  | $ | 407,551 |
We completed our annual goodwill impairment assessments in 2022 and 2021 and determined there were no impairments. Intangible Long-Lived Assets Acquired intangible long-lived assets were as follows, excluding intangibles that were fully amortized (in thousands):
|  | Weighted Average Amortization Period (in years) |  | Gross Carrying Amount as of December 31, 2022 |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Accumulated Impairment Loss |  | Net Carrying Value as of December 31, 2022
Existing technology |  | 10 |  | $ | 112,051 |  |  | $ | (33,537) |  |  | $ | (4,328) |  |  | $ | 74,186 |
Customer relationships |  | 10 |  | 21,500 |  |  | (5,913) |  |  | — |  |  | 15,587 |
Trademarks and tradenames |  | 10 |  | 17,200 |  |  | (6,442) |  |  | (4,122) |  |  | 6,636 |
Patents |  | 8 |  | 6,511 |  |  | (5,288) |  |  | — |  |  | 1,223 |
|  |  |  | $ | 157,262 |  |  | $ | (51,180) |  |  | $ | (8,450) |  |  | 97,632 |
Foreign currency translation adjustments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (1,912) |
Total intangible assets, net 1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 95,720 |
1 Also includes $33.5 million of fully amortized intangible assets related to customer relationships.
|  | Weighted Average Amortization Period (in years) |  | Gross Carrying Amount as of December 31, 2021 |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Accumulated Impairment Loss |  | Net Carrying Value as of December 31, 2021
Existing technology |  | 10 |  | $ | 104,531 |  |  | $ | (22,495) |  |  | $ | (4,328) |  |  | $ | 77,708 |
Customer relationships |  | 11 |  | 55,000 |  |  | (25,891) |  |  | (10,751) |  |  | 18,358 |
Trademarks and tradenames |  | 10 |  | 17,200 |  |  | (4,547) |  |  | (4,179) |  |  | 8,474 |
Patents |  | 8 |  | 6,511 |  |  | (4,495) |  |  | — |  |  | 2,016 |
|  |  |  | $ | 183,242 |  |  | $ | (57,428) |  |  | $ | (19,258) |  |  | 106,556 |
Foreign currency translation adjustments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3,153 |
Total intangible assets, net |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 109,709 |
There were no triggering events in 2022 or 2021 that would cause impairments of our intangible long-lived assets. The total estimated annual future amortization expense for these acquired intangible assets as of December 31, 2022 is as follows (in thousands):
Fiscal Year |  | Amortization
2023 |  | $ | 16,501 |
2024 |  | 15,335 |
2025 |  | 14,959 |
2026 |  | 14,353 |
2027 |  | 11,992 |
Thereafter |  | 24,492 |
Total |  | $ | 97,632 |
Amortization expense was $16.0 million, $16.6 million and $13.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for goodwill and intangible assets. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 350 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2144416 + Details
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