|
Compensation Plans and Programs
|
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dec. 31, 2011
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| COMPENSATION PLANS AND PROGRAMS [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Text Block] | COMPENSATION PLANS AND PROGRAMS Equity Compensation Plans On June 4, 2009, the Company’s shareholders adopted and approved the 2009 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2009 Plan”), under which current or prospective officers and employees and non-employee directors, consultants and advisors can receive share-based awards such as RSUs, restricted stock, stock options and other stock awards. As of this date, no further grants were permitted under any previously existing stock plans (the “Pre-existing Plans”). We issue the share-based awards authorized under the 2009 Plan through a variety of compensation programs. The following table summarizes changes in the number of equity instruments available for grant under the Company’s stock plan(s) for the current year:
_______________________________________
Stock Options We have outstanding non-qualified stock options that were granted under the Pre-existing Plans to non-employee directors, officers and employees of the Company and other specified groups, depending on the plan. No further grants are allowed under the Pre-existing Plans. In 2009, our shareholders approved the 2009 Plan, which allows for the granting of incentive and non-qualified stock options, as well as other securities. The 2009 Plan authorizes the issuance of up to approximately 3.0 million shares of common stock. The administrator of the 2009 Plan, initially the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, determines the number of options to be granted. Under the terms of the 2009 Plan, the exercise price per share of each option, other than in the event of options granted in connection with a merger or other acquisition, cannot be less than 100% of the fair market value of a share of common stock on the date of grant. Under all of the plans, options are generally exercisable for a period of 10 years from the date of grant and may vest on the grant date, another specified date or over a period of time. Information with respect to current year stock options activity under the above plans is summarized as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):
The weighted average remaining contractual life of our outstanding options was 14.6 years as of December 31, 2011. We currently have approximately 0.1 million options outstanding that have an indefinite contractual life. These options were granted between 1983 and 1986 under a Pre-existing Plan. For purposes of calculating the weighted average remaining contractual life, these options were assigned an original life in excess of 50 years. The majority of these options have an exercise price between $8.25 and $11.63. The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009 was $12.1 million, $25.3 million, and $11.2 million, respectively. The total intrinsic value of our options outstanding at December 31, 2011 was $10.0 million. In 2011, we recorded cash received from the exercise of options of $4.5 million and tax benefits from option exercises and RSU vestings of $5.1 million. Upon option exercise, we issued new shares of stock. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, we had, respectively, approximately 0.3 million and 0.7 million options outstanding that had exercise prices less than the fair market value of our stock at each balance sheet date. These options would have generated cash proceeds to the Company of $4.9 million and $9.4 million, respectively, if they had been fully exercised on those dates. RSUs and Restricted Stock Under the 2009 Plan, we may issue up to approximately 3.0 million RSUs and/or shares of restricted stock to current or prospective officers and employees and non-employee directors, consultants, and advisors. No further grants are allowed under the Pre-existing Plans. Any cancellations of outstanding RSUs that were granted under the 2009 Plan or Pre-existing Plans will increase the number of RSUs and/or shares of restricted stock available for grant under the 2009 Plan. The RSUs vest over periods generally ranging from 0 to 3 years from the date of the grant. During 2011 and 2010, we granted approximately 0.2 million and 0.2 million RSUs, respectively, under the 2009 Plan. We have issued less than 0.1 million shares of restricted stock under the 2009 Plan. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, we had unrecognized compensation cost related to share-based awards of $6.0 million and $7.6 million, respectively. For grants made prior to 2010, we expect to amortize the unrecognized compensation cost at December 31, 2011 over a a weighted average period of less than one year using an accelerated method. For grants made in 2011 and 2010, we expect to amortize the associated unrecognized compensation cost at December 31, 2011 on a straight line basis over a three-year period. We grant RSUs as an element of compensation to all of our employees under our Long-Term Compensation Program (“LTCP”). Under the terms of the current LTCP, which includes all cycles that began after 2009, all time-based awards vest at the end of the respective three-year LTCP cycle. For employees below manager level, 100% of their LTCP award is in the form of time-based RSUs. For all employees at or above the manager level, 25% of their total LTCP award is in the form of time-based RSUs and the remaining 75% is a performance-based award that is paid out at the end of the respective three-year cycle in cash, equity or any combination thereof pursuant to the Long-Term Incentive Plan (“LTIP”) component of the LTCP. Where the allocation has not been determined at the beginning of the cycle, as in the case of Cycles 5 and 6 (each as defined below), the allocation is assumed to be 100% cash for accounting purposes. The terms of the current LTCP are discussed further below. For LTCP cycles that began prior to 2010, RSU awards vested over three years according to the following schedules:
Vesting of performance-based RSU awards is subject to attainment of specific goals established by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. Depending upon performance against these goals, the payout range for performance-based RSU awards under the prior LTCP could have been anywhere from 0 to 3 times the value of the award. Other RSU Grants We also grant RSUs to all non-employee board members and, in special circumstances, management personnel outside of the LTCP. Grants of this type are supplemental to any awards granted to management personnel through the LTCP. Information with respect to current RSU activity is summarized as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):
_______________________________________
The total vest date fair value of our RSUs that vested in 2011, 2010, and 2009 was $8.0 million, $7.8 million, and $6.3 million, respectively. The weighted average per share grant date fair value in 2011, 2010, and 2009 was $42.17, $31.77, and $26.91, respectively. Compensation Programs We use a variety of compensation programs to both attract and retain employees and more closely align employee compensation with Company performance. These programs include both cash and share-based components, as discussed further below. We issue new shares of our common stock to satisfy our obligations under the share-based components of these programs from the 2009 Plan discussed above. However, our Board of Directors has the right to authorize the issuance of treasury shares to satisfy such obligations in the future. We recognized $1.8 million, $11.2 million, and $(0.1) million of compensation expense in 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively, related to the performance-based cash incentive component of our LTCP, discussed in greater detail below. The 2011 amount includes a credit of $5.7 million to reduce the accrual rates for the performance-based incentive under Cycles 5 and 6 (each as defined below) from 100% to 50%, based on revised expectations for a lower payout. The $5.7 million adjustment represents a reduction to the accrual established for LTCP Cycles 5 and 6 in 2010 and 2011, respectively. The 2010 amount includes a charge of $3.3 million to increase the accrual rate for LTCP Cash Cycle 3 (as defined below) from the previously estimated payout of 50% to the actual payout of 86%. The 2009 amount includes a credit of $2.3 million to reduce the accrual rate for Cash Cycle 3 from 100% to 50% based on revised expectations for a lower payout. This $2.3 million adjustment related to the reduction of our accrual established in the prior year. We also recognized share-based compensation expense of $8.1 million, $5.8 million, and $9.8 million in 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively. The 2011 amount includes a charge of $1.3 million related to the 31% payout associated with the performance-based RSUs granted under RSU Cycle 4 (as defined below). The majority of the share-based compensation expense, for all years, relates to RSU awards granted under our LTCP. Long-Term Compensation Program Prior to 2010, the LTCP, which consists of overlapping cycles that are generally three years in length, was designed to alternate annually between equity and cash cycles, with equity cycles including both time-based and performance-based components and cash cycles consisting of a performance-based cash incentive. Under the equity cycles, executives received 50% of their awards in the form of performance-based RSUs, and 50% in the form of time-based RSUs that vested in full at the end of the respective three-year cycle. Employees at or above the manager level received 25% of their equity awards in the form of performance-based RSUs, and 75% in the form of time-based RSUs that vested in full at the end of the three-year cycle. Performance-based RSUs vested, if at all, based on the Company's level of achievement with respect to goals established for the three-year cycle period. For cycles that began prior to 2010, payouts under the performance-based RSU cycles were capped at 300% and payouts under performance-based cash incentive cycles were capped at 225%. Employees below the manager level did not participate in the LTCP, but did receive RSU grants under a separate program. The following cycles were initiated between 2005 and 2009:
In fourth quarter 2010, the LTCP was amended to, among other things, increase the relative proportion of performance-based compensation for both executives and managers, extend participation to all employees, and eliminate alternating annual RSU and cash cycles. Under the terms of the current LTCP, effective beginning with the cycle that began on January 1, 2010, all employees below manager level receive 100% of their LTCP participation in the form of time-based RSUs that vest in full at the end of the respective three-year cycle. Executives and managers receive 25% of their LTCP award in the form of time-based RSUs that vest in full at the end of the respective three-year cycle and the remaining 75% in the form of performance-based awards granted under the LTIP component of the LTCP. The LTIP performance-based awards that are applicable to both executives and managers may be paid out in the form of cash or equity, or any combination thereof at the end of the respective three-year cycle. The form of the LTIP award will be determined by the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors, in its sole discretion, at the beginning or the end of each three-year cycle. The following cycles have been initiated under the current LTCP through December 31, 2011:
Payouts of performance-based awards will continue to be determined by the Compensation Committee in its sole discretion, based on the Company’s achievement of one of more performance goals, previously established and approved by the Compensation Committee, during the respective cycle period. Payouts may exceed or be less than target, depending on the level of the Company’s achievement of the performance goal(s). No payout may be made under the LTIP if the Company fails to achieve the minimum level of performance for the applicable cycle, and the payout for any particular cycle is capped at 200% of target. Other RSU Grants We also grant RSUs to all non-employee board members and, in special circumstances, management personnel outside of the LTCP. Grants of this type are supplemental to any awards granted to management personnel through the LTCP. 401(k) and Profit-Sharing We have a 401(k) plan (“Savings Plan”) wherein employees can elect to defer compensation within federal limits. The Company matches a portion of employee contributions. The Company’s contribution expense was approximately $1.0 million for each of 2011, 2010, and 2009. At its discretion, the Company may also make a profit-sharing contribution to our employees’ 401(k) accounts. In fourth quarter 2009, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors determined that it would not elect to make a profit-sharing contribution to each employee in 2010 or the foreseeable future. In 2009, we issued 25,563 shares of common stock to satisfy our accrued obligations from the prior year of $0.6 million related to our profit-sharing contributions to eligible employees under our Savings Plan. Short-term Incentive Plan We have a performance-based short-term incentive plan that is applicable to all employees. For awards earned in the years 1999 through 2007, members of senior management were paid 30% of their short-term incentive award in shares of restricted stock. Receiving a portion of their annual short-term incentive award in the form of equity served to align more closely senior management’s interests with those of our shareholders. These shares had full voting power, the right to receive dividends and were not forfeitable, but were restricted as to their transferability for a two-year period. We issued zero shares of restricted stock in 2011, 2010, and 2009, as we had no accrued obligations from the prior years under the limited restricted stock program of the short-term incentive plan. During 2008, as part of its annual review of executive compensation, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors determined that the LTCP, which was introduced in 2004, provides an effective method for all management-level employees to increase their equity ownership in the Company. As a result, the Compensation Committee elected to amend the short-term incentive plan as it relates to members of senior management, so that, with respect to the short-term incentive awards earned in 2008, payouts would be 100% in cash. Subsequently, the Compensation Committee further amended the short-term incentive plan so that the Committee may pay up to 100% of the short-term incentive of any member of senior management in shares of common or restricted stock, at the Committee’s discretion and on an individual basis, as a means to increase the senior management member’s equity ownership in the Company. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||