EX-99.1 12 d438647dex991.htm EX-99.1

Exhibit 99.1

LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL

RANGE RESOURCES CORPORATION

OFFERS TO EXCHANGE

Any and all of its outstanding $475,952,000 aggregate principal amount of 5.75% Senior Notes due 2021 (which we refer to as the “Old 2021 Notes”)

for

Up to $475,952,000 aggregate principal amount of its 5.75% Senior Notes due 2021

that have been registered under the Securities Act of 1933 (which we refer to as the “New 2021 Notes”)

and

Any and all of its outstanding $329,244,000 aggregate principal amount of 5.875% Senior Notes due 2022

(which we refer to as the “Old 5.875% 2022 Notes”)

for

Up to $329,244,000 aggregate principal amount of its 5.875% Senior Notes due 2022 that have been registered under the Securities Act of 1933 (which we refer to as the “New 5.875% 2022 Notes”)

and

Any and all of its outstanding $580,032,000 aggregate principal amount of 5.00% Senior Notes due 2022

(which we refer to as the “Old 5.00% 2022 Notes”)

for

Up to $580,032,000 aggregate principal amount of its 5.00% Senior Notes due 2022 that have been registered under the Securities Act of 1933 (which we refer to as the “New 5.00% 2022 Notes”)

and

Any and all of its outstanding $741,531,000 aggregate principal amount of 5.00% Senior Notes due 2023

(which we refer to as the “Old 2023 Notes”)

for

Up to $741,531,000 aggregate principal amount of its 5.00% Senior Notes due 2023 that have been registered under the Securities Act of 1933 (which we refer to as the “New 2023 Notes”)

EACH EXCHANGE OFFER WILL EXPIRE AT 5:00 P.M., NEW YORK CITY TIME, ON , 2017, UNLESS EXTENDED BY RANGE RESOURCES CORPORATION.

The Exchange Agent for the Exchange Offers is:

U.S. Bank National Association

Delivery to:

U.S. Bank National Association

As Exchange Agent

By Hand, Overnight Delivery or Mail (Registered or Certified Mail Recommended): U.S. Bank National Association Corporate Trust Services Attention: Specialized Finance Department 111 Fillmore Avenue East St. Paul, Minnesota 55107 To confirm receipt or for more information, call: (800) 934-6802 |  | By Facsimile Transmission: (651) 466-7372 Attention: Specialized Finance Department

DELIVERY OF THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL TO AN ADDRESS, OR TRANSMISSION HEREOF VIA A FACSIMILE NUMBER, OTHER THAN AS SET FORTH ABOVE OR IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE INSTRUCTIONS HEREIN, WILL NOT CONSTITUTE VALID DELIVERY. YOU SHOULD READ THE INSTRUCTIONS ACCOMPANYING THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL CAREFULLY BEFORE COMPLETING THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL.

The undersigned acknowledges receipt of the prospectus dated , 2017 (the “Prospectus”) of Range Resources Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and this Letter of Transmittal (this “Letter of Transmittal”), which together constitute the Company’s offer to exchange (each, an “Exchange Offer” and, collectively, the “Exchange Offers) (i) any and all of the $475,952,000 aggregate principal amount of its Old 2021 Notes, (ii) any and all of the $329,244,000 aggregate principal amount of its Old 5.875% 2022 Notes, (iii) any and all of the $580,032,000 aggregate principal amount its Old 5.00% 2022 Notes, and (iv) any and all of the $741,531,000 aggregate principal amount of its Old 2023 Notes (collectively, the “Old Notes”) that are validly tendered and not validly withdrawn prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the Expiration Date (as defined below), for an equal aggregate principal amount of the corresponding New 2021 Notes, New 5.875% 2022 Notes, New 5.00% 2022 Notes, and New 2023 Notes (collectively, ,the “New Notes”). U.S. Bank National Association is acting as exchange agent (the “Exchange Agent”) for the Exchange Offers. The term “Expiration Date”, as used herein, means, with respect to any Exchange Offer, , 2017, except that if the Company, in its sole and absolute discretion, extends the period of time during which that Exchange Offer is open, “Expiration Date” shall mean, with the latest date to which that Exchange Offer has been extended. Capitalized terms not defined herein shall have the respective meanings ascribed to them in the Prospectus. Except where the context indicates otherwise, references to the Old Notes or the New Notes, include the related Guarantees (as defined in the Prospectus (as defined below)).

For each Old Note validly tendered and not validly withdrawn by the holder thereof prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the Expiration Date of the applicable Exchange Offer, and accepted for exchange by the Company, all on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Letter of Transmittal and the Prospectus, the tendering holder will receive New Notes of the corresponding series in an aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of the Old Notes so tendered and accepted by the Company. Tenders of Old Notes may be withdrawn no later than 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the Expiration Date by following the procedures set forth in the Prospectus and in this Letter of Transmittal.

This Letter of Transmittal is to be completed by a holder of Old Notes if certificates for such Old Notes are to be forwarded herewith and may be used if a tender is to be made by book-entry transfer of Old Notes to the account maintained by the Exchange Agent at The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) pursuant to DTC’s Automated Tender Offer Program (“ATOP”) and an Agent’s Message (as defined below) is not delivered to the Exchange Agent. If Old Notes are tendered by book-entry transfer pursuant to DTC’s ATOP procedures, the tendering holder may cause DTC to deliver an Agent’s Message to the Exchange Agent in lieu of this Letter of Transmittal. The term “Agent’s Message” means a computer-generated message, transmitted by DTC to and received by the Exchange Agent and forming a part of a Book-Entry Confirmation (as defined below), which states that the holder of the Old Notes acknowledges and agrees to be bound by the terms of this Letter of Transmittal. The term “Book-Entry Confirmation” means an electronic confirmation from DTC of the book-entry transfer of Old Notes into the Exchange Agent’s account at DTC.

Delivery of documents to DTC does not constitute delivery to the Exchange Agent.

The method of delivery (whether physical or electronic) of Old Notes, Letters of Transmittal, Agent’s Messages, Book-Entry Confirmations and all other required documents is at your risk and election, provided that Old Notes in book-entry form must be tendered through DTC’s ATOP procedures. If such delivery is by mail, it is recommended that you use registered mail, properly insured, with return receipt requested. In all cases, you should allow sufficient time to assure timely delivery. You may request the broker, dealer, bank or other financial institution or nominee through which you may hold Old Notes to effect these transactions for you. No Letters of Transmittal, Old Notes or other documents should be sent to the Company.

The undersigned has completed the appropriate boxes below and signed this Letter of Transmittal to indicate the action the undersigned desires to take with respect to the applicable Exchange Offer.

List below the Old Notes to which this Letter of Transmittal relates. If the space provided below is inadequate, the certificate numbers and principal amount of Old Notes should be listed on a separate signed schedule affixed hereto.

DESCRIPTION OF OLD NOTES TENDERED
1 Names and Address(es) of Certificate Holder(s) (Please fill in Certificate Number(s)*) |  | 2 Principal Amount of Old 2021 Notes** |  | 3 Principal Amount of Old 5.875% 2022 Notes** |  | 4 Principal Amount of Old 5.00% 2022 Notes** |  | 5 Principal Amount of Old 2023 Notes**
* Need not be completed if Existing Notes are being tendered by book-entry transfer. ** Unless otherwise indicated in this column, a holder will be deemed to have tendered ALL of the Old Notes represented by the Old Notes indicated in columns 2, 3, 4 and 5. See Instruction 2. Old Notes tendered hereby must be in minimum denominations of principal amount of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof, and if any Old Note is tendered in part, the untendered portion of such Old Note must be a minimum denomination of $2,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof. See Instruction 1.

☐ | CHECK HERE IF TENDERED OLD NOTES ARE BEING DELIVERED BY BOOK-ENTRY TRANSFER MADE TO THE ACCOUNT MAINTAINED BY THE EXCHANGE AGENT WITH DTC AND COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING:

Name of Tendering Institution:

Account Number:

Transaction Code Number:

By causing DTC to credit the Old Notes being tendered to the Exchange Agent’s account at DTC using ATOP and by complying with applicable ATOP procedures with respect to the applicable Exchange Offer, including causing DTC to transmit to the Exchange Agent an Agent’s Message stating that the holder of the Old Notes acknowledges and agrees to be bound by the terms of this Letter of Transmittal, the participant in DTC tendering the Old Notes confirms on behalf of itself and each beneficial owners of such Old Notes all provisions of this Letter of Transmittal (including all representations, warranties and agreements) applicable to it and each such beneficial owner as fully as if it and each such beneficial owner had completed the information required herein and executed and delivered this Letter of Transmittal to the Exchange Agent.

☐ | CHECK HERE IF TENDERED OLD NOTES ARE ENCLOSED HEREWITH.

☐ | CHECK HERE IF YOU ARE A PARTICIPATING BROKER-DEALER(AS DEFINED BELOW) THAT, AS DESCRIBED IN THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL, WILL BE REQUIRED TO DELIVER THE PROSPECTUS, AS AMENDED OR SUPPLEMENTED FROM TIME TO TIME, IN CONNECTION WITH RESALES OR OTHER TRANSFERS OF NEW NOTES RECEIVED IN THE APPLICABLE EXCHANGE OFFER AND YOU THEREFORE WISH TO RECEIVE 10 ADDITIONAL COPIES OF THE PROSPECTUS AND 10 COPIES OF ANY AMENDMENTS OR SUPPLEMENTS THERETO AND INDICATE THE NAME AND ADDRESS TO WHICH THOSE DOCUMENTS SHOULD BE DELIVERED; PROVIDED THAT, IF YOU HAVE SET FORTH AN EMAIL ADDRESS IN THE SPACE BELOW, YOU WILL BE DEEMED TO HAVE CONSENTED TO DELIVERY OF THE FOREGOING DOCUMENTS BY EMAIL, IN WHICH CASE ONE COPY OF EACH SUCH DOCUMENT WILL BE SENT TO YOU AT THE EMAIL ADDRESS YOU HAVE SET FORTH BELOW.

Name:

Address:

Telephone Number:

Email Address:

PLEASE READ THE ACCOMPANYING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY

Ladies and Gentlemen:

1. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions of the applicable Exchange Offer, the undersigned hereby tenders to the Company the aggregate principal amount of Old Notes indicated above. Subject to, and effective upon, the acceptance for exchange of the Old Notes tendered hereby by the Company, the undersigned hereby sells, assigns and transfers to, or upon the order of, the Company all right, title and interest in and to such Old Notes as are being tendered hereby.

The undersigned hereby irrevocably constitutes and appoints the Exchange Agent as the undersigned’s true and lawful agent and attorney-in-fact with respect to such tendered Old Notes (with full knowledge that the Exchange Agent also acts as the agent of the Company in connection with the Exchange Offers), with full power of substitution, without limitation, to assign, transfer and deliver the Old Notes, or cause the Old Notes to be assigned, transferred and delivered, to the Company, and to deliver all accompanying evidences of transfer and authenticity, and present such Old Notes for transfer on the books of the Company and to receive all benefits and otherwise exercise all rights of beneficial ownership of such Old Notes, all in accordance with the terms of the applicable Exchange Offer.

2. The undersigned hereby acknowledges, represents and warrants to and agrees with the Company that the undersigned and each beneficial owner of Old Notes tendered hereby has full right, power and authority to tender, sell, assign and transfer all right, title and interest in and to the Old Notes tendered hereby, and to acquire the New Notes issuable upon the exchange of such tendered Old Notes, and that, if and when such Old Notes are accepted by the Company for exchange, the Company will acquire good and unencumbered title thereto, free and clear of all liens, restrictions, charges and encumbrances and not subject to any adverse claim. The undersigned hereby further acknowledges, represents and warrants to, and agrees with, the Company that (i) neither the undersigned nor any beneficial owner of the Old Notes being tendered hereby is an “affiliate” (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”)) of the Company; (ii) any New Notes received in the Exchange Offers by the undersigned or any beneficial owner of any Old Notes tendered hereby will be acquired by it in the ordinary course of its business; (iii) neither the undersigned nor any beneficial owner of Old Notes tendered hereby has any arrangement or understanding with any person to engage in, and neither the undersigned nor any such beneficial owner is engaged in or intends to engage in, the distribution (within the meaning of the Securities Act) of the New Notes in violation of the Securities Act; (iv) neither the undersigned nor any such beneficial owner is a broker-dealer that will receive New Notes in the Exchange Offers in exchange for Old Notes that it purchased from the Company for resale pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act or any other available exemption from registration under the Securities Act; and (v) if the undersigned or any such beneficial owner is a broker-dealer holding Old Notes acquired for its own account as a result of its market-making or other trading activities (a “Participating Broker-Dealer”), it will deliver (or, to the extent permitted by applicable law, make available) a prospectus meeting the requirements of the Securities Act to purchasers and other transferees in connection with any resale or other transfer of the New Notes it receives in exchange for such Old Notes pursuant to the Exchange Offers (provided, however, that by so acknowledging and by delivering (or making available as aforesaid) a prospectus, it will not be deemed to admit that it is an “underwriter” within the meaning of the Securities Act).

The undersigned acknowledges and agrees that, if the undersigned or any beneficial owner of Old Notes tendered hereby is unable to make the representations and warranties set forth in the immediately preceding paragraph or elsewhere in this Letter of Transmittal, or if the undersigned or any such beneficial owner is participating in any Exchange Offer for the purpose of participating in a distribution (within the meaning of the Securities Act) of the New Notes to be acquired in the applicable Exchange Offer, or if the undersigned or any such beneficial owner is a broker-dealer that will receive New Notes in any Exchange Offer in exchange for Old Notes that it acquired from the Company for resale pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act or any other available exemption from registration under the Securities Act, neither the undersigned nor any such beneficial owner will be permitted to tender its Old Notes in the related Exchange Offer. The undersigned, if it is not the beneficial owner of the Old Notes being tendered hereby, acknowledges and agrees that (1) all of the

representations, warranties, acknowledgements and agreements set forth herein are being made by it on its own behalf and on behalf of each such beneficial owner for the benefit of the Company and (2) it has full power to make the foregoing acknowledgements, representations and agreements on behalf of such beneficial owner.

3. The undersigned, on behalf of itself and each beneficial owner of any Old Notes tendered hereby, acknowledges and agrees that each Exchange Offer is being made in reliance on interpretations by the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), as set forth in no-action letters issued to third parties and referred to in the Prospectus under the caption “The Exchange Offers—Resales of New Notes” and, as a result, the Company believes that, except as provided in the next sentence and in the next paragraph, the New Notes received pursuant to the Exchange Offers in exchange for the Old Notes may be offered for resale, resold and otherwise transferred by a holder thereof, without compliance with the registration and prospectus delivery provisions of the Securities Act, unless (1) such holder is an “affiliate” (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) of the Company, (2) the New Notes received by such holder in the applicable Exchange Offer will not be acquired by such holder in the ordinary course of its business; or (3) such holder has an arrangement or understanding with any person to engage in, or is engaged in or intends to engage in, the distribution (within the meaning of the Securities Act) of the New Notes in violation of the Securities Act. However, the undersigned, on behalf of itself and each beneficial owner of Old Notes tendered hereby, acknowledges and agrees that, if the undersigned or any such beneficial owner is a Participating Broker-Dealer holding Old Notes acquired for its own account as a result of market-making or other trading activities and who receives New Notes in exchange for such Old Notes in the Exchange Offers, it may be an “underwriter” within the meaning of the Securities Act and it must (and the undersigned, on behalf of itself and each such beneficial owner, acknowledges and agrees that it will) deliver (or, to the extent permitted by applicable law, make available) a prospectus meeting the requirements of the Securities Act to purchasers and other transferees in connection with any resale or other transfer of such New Notes. However, by so acknowledging and delivering a prospectus, a Participating Broker-Dealer will not be deemed to admit that it is an “underwriter” within the meaning of the Securities Act. The undersigned, on behalf of itself and each beneficial owner of Old Notes tendered hereby, further acknowledges and agrees that, if it is a Participating Broker-Dealer, it may use the Prospectus, as amended or supplemented from time to time, in connection with resales and other transfers of New Notes received for its own account in any Exchange Offer in exchange for Old Notes that it acquired for its own account as the result of market-making or other trading activities for a period of 180 days (subject to the Company’s right to suspend use of the Prospectus under the circumstances described in the Prospectus under the caption “Plan of Distribution”) after the Expiration Date of the applicable Exchange Offer, so long as such Participating Broker-Dealer has notified the Company by completing, executing and delivering this Letter of Transmittal to the Exchange Agent at the address set forth above prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the Expiration Date in which such broker-dealer indicates that it will use the Prospectus for such purpose by checking the appropriate box set forth above in this Letter of Transmittal.

The undersigned, on behalf of itself and each beneficial owner of Old Notes being tendered hereby, acknowledges and agrees that if the undersigned or any beneficial owner of the Old Notes being tendered falls into one or more of the categories set forth in clauses (1) through (3) of the immediately preceding paragraph, or if the undersigned or any such beneficial owner is participating in any Exchange Offer for the purpose of participating in a distribution (within the meaning of the Securities Act) of the New Notes to be acquired in that Exchange Offer, or if the undersigned or any such beneficial owner is a broker-dealer that will receive New Notes in that Exchange Offer in exchange for Old Notes that it acquired from the Company for resale pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act or any other available exemption from registration under the Securities Act, (i) it will not be able to rely on the interpretations of the SEC staff set forth in the no-action letters mentioned above, (ii) it will not be permitted to tender Old Notes in that Exchange Offer, (iii) in the absence of an applicable exemption, it must comply with the registration and prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act in connection with any offer, sale or other transfer of the Old Notes and (iv) any registration statement used in connection with such offer, sale or other transfer of Old Notes must contain the selling security holder information required by Item 507 of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act, and that failure to comply with such registration and prospectus delivery requirements may result in liability under the Securities Act and the Company will not be responsible for, or indemnify the undersigned or any such beneficial owner against, any such liability. The undersigned, on behalf of itself and each beneficial owner of Old Notes tendered hereby,

acknowledges and agrees that each broker-dealer that receives New Notes for its own account pursuant to any Exchange Offer will be deemed to acknowledge and agree that it will deliver (or, to the extent permitted by applicable law, make available) to purchasers and other transferees a prospectus meeting the requirements of the Securities Act in connection with any resale or other transfer of such New Notes, but only Participating Broker-Dealers will be entitled, subject to the limitations described above, to use the Prospectus, as amended or supplemented from time to time, in connection with resales or other transfers of New Notes received in any Exchange Offer.

The undersigned and each beneficial owner of Old Notes tendered hereby is aware that the SEC has not considered the Exchange Offers in the context of a no-action letter and there can be no guarantee that the staff of the SEC would make a similar determination with respect to the Exchange Offers as in the circumstances described in the no-action letters referred to above.

4. The undersigned will, upon request, execute and deliver any additional documents deemed by the Company to be necessary or desirable to complete the tender, exchange, sale, assignment and transfer of the Old Notes tendered hereby or to further evidence the accuracy or performance of any of the representations, warranties, acknowledgements or agreements made by the undersigned herein. All authority conferred or agreed to be conferred in this Letter of Transmittal and every obligation and agreement hereunder of the undersigned and each beneficial owner of Old Notes tendered hereby shall survive the death, incapacity or dissolution of the undersigned and of any such beneficial owner and shall be binding upon the successors, assigns, heirs, executors, administrators, trustees in bankruptcy and personal and legal representatives of the undersigned and each such beneficial owner. This tender may be withdrawn only in accordance with the procedures set forth under the caption “The Exchange Offers—Withdrawal Rights” in the Prospectus and in Instruction 9 in this Letter of Transmittal.

5. Unless otherwise indicated herein in the box entitled “Special Issuance Instructions” below, please deliver the New Notes (and, if applicable, substitute certificates representing Old Notes for any Old Notes not exchanged) registered in the name of the undersigned or, in the case of a book-entry delivery of Old Notes, please credit the account indicated above maintained at DTC. Similarly, unless otherwise indicated under the box entitled “Special Delivery Instructions” below, please send the New Notes (and, if applicable, substitute certificates representing Old Notes for any Old Notes not exchanged) to the undersigned at the address shown above in the box entitled “Description of Old Notes Tendered” or, in the case of book-entry delivery of Old Notes, please credit the New Notes to the account indicated above maintained at DTC.

THE UNDERSIGNED, BY COMPLETING THE BOX ENTITLED “DESCRIPTION OF OLD NOTES TENDERED” ABOVE AND SIGNING THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL, WILL BE DEEMED TO HAVE TENDERED THE OLD NOTES AS SET FORTH IN SUCH BOX ABOVE.

THE UNDERSIGNED ACKNOWLEDGES THAT THE EXCHANGE OFFERS ARE SUBJECT TO THE MORE DETAILED TERMS SET FORTH IN THE PROSPECTUS.

BY USING THE ATOP PROCEDURES TO TENDER OLD NOTES, THE UNDERSIGNED WILL NOT BE REQUIRED TO DELIVER THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL PHYSICALLY TO THE EXCHANGE AGENT. HOWEVER, IN THAT CIRCUMSTANCE THE UNDERSIGNED WILL BE DEEMED TO AGREE TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS OF THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL AND TO HAVE MADE ALL OF THE REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES, ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS AND AGREEMENTS SET FORTH HEREIN, BOTH ON BEHALF OF ITSELF AND ON BEHALF OF THE BENEFICIAL OWNERS OF THE OLD NOTES BEING TENDERED.

IMPORTANT: THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL OR AN AGENT’S MESSAGE IN LIEU THEREOF (TOGETHER WITH THE CERTIFICATES FOR OLD NOTES OR A BOOK- ENTRY CONFIRMATION AND ALL OTHER REQUIRED DOCUMENTATION) MUST BE RECEIVED BY THE EXCHANGE AGENT PRIOR TO 5:00 P.M., NEW YORK CITY TIME, ON THE EXPIRATION DATE.

PLEASE READ THIS ENTIRE LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL AND THE PROSPECTUS CAREFULLY BEFORE COMPLETING ANY BOX ABOVE.

SPECIAL ISSUANCE INSTRUCTIONS (See Instructions 3 and 4)
To be completed ONLY if certificates for Old Notes not exchanged and/or New Notes are to be issued in the name of someone other than the person or persons whose signature(s) appear(s) on this Letter of Transmittal below, or if Old Notes delivered by book-entry transfer which are not accepted for exchange are to be returned by credit to an account maintained at DTC other than the account indicated above. See Instruction 3. Issue New Notes and/or Old Notes to:
Name(s): |  |  |  |

|  | (Please type or print)

Address: |  |

(Please type or print)
(Including Zip Code)
Telephone Number: Taxpayer or Employer Identification or Social Security No(s). (Complete Form W-9 or the applicable Form W-8): Credit unexchanged Old Notes delivered by book-entry transfer to the DTC account set forth below.

DTC Account Number: |  |

SPECIAL DELIVERY INSTRUCTIONS (See Instructions 3 and 4)
To be completed ONLY if certificates for Old Notes not exchanged and/or New Notes are to be sent to someone other than the person or persons whose signature(s) appear(s) on this Letter of Transmittal below or to such person or persons at an address other than shown in the box entitled “Description of Old Notes” on this Letter of Transmittal above. Mail New Notes and/or Old Notes to:
Name(s): |  |  |  |

(Please type or print)

Address: |  |

(Please type or print)
(including Zip Code) Taxpayer or Employer Identification or
Social Security No(s).: |  |

PLEASE SIGN HERE (To be Completed by All Tendering Holders) (Complete Enclosed Form W-9)
|  | , |  |  |  | , 2017
|  | , |  |  |  | , 2017
Signature(s) of Owner(s) |  |  |  | (Date) |  |

Area Code and Telephone No.: |  |
This Letter of Transmittal must be signed by the registered holder(s) as their name(s) appear(s) on the certificate(s) for the Old Notes hereby tendered or on a security position listing or by any person(s) authorized to become registered holder(s) by endorsements on such certificate(s) or by bond powers transmitted herewith. If signature is by a trustee, executor, administrator, guardian, attorney-in-fact, officer of a corporation or other person acting in fiduciary or representative capacity, please set forth full title. See Instruction 3. (Please type or print)

Name(s): |  |

Capacity: |  |

Address: |  |
(including Zip Code)

Principal place of business (if different from address listed above): |  |

(including Zip Code)

Area Code and Telephone No.: |  |

Taxpayer or Employer Identification

or Social Security No(s).: |  |

SIGNATURE GUARANTEE (If required by Instruction 3)

Signature(s) Guaranteed by An Eligible Institution:1 |  |

|  | (Authorized Signature)

Print Name and Title: |  |

Print name of Firm: |  |

1 | An “Eligible Institution” means a firm which is a member of the Securities Transfer Agent Medallion Program, the Stock Exchanges Medallion Program or the New York Stock Exchange Medallion Program.

INSTRUCTIONS

Forming Part of the Terms and Conditions of the Offer to Exchange

1. DELIVERY OF THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL AND OLD NOTES.

This Letter of Transmittal is to be completed by holders of Old Notes if certificates for such Old Notes are to be forwarded herewith and may be used if tenders are to be made by book-entry transfer of Old Notes to the account maintained by the Exchange Agent at DTC pursuant to DTC’s Automated Tender Offer Program (“ATOP”) and an Agent’s Message is not delivered to the Exchange Agent. If Old Notes are tendered by book-entry transfer pursuant to DTC’s ATOP procedures, the tendering holder may cause DTC to deliver an Agent’s Message to the Exchange Agent in lieu of this Letter of Transmittal. The term “Agent’s Message” means a computer-generated message, transmitted by DTC to and received by the Exchange Agent and forming a part of a Book-Entry Confirmation (as defined below), which states that the holder of the Old Notes acknowledges and agrees to be bound by the terms of this Letter of Transmittal. The term “Book-Entry Confirmation” means an electronic confirmation from DTC of the book-entry transfer of the holder’s Old Notes into the Exchange Agent’s account at DTC. Certificates for all physically tendered Old Notes, or Book-Entry Confirmation that the Old Notes being tendered through DTC’s ATOP procedures have been delivered to the applicable account of the Exchange Agent at DTC, as the case may be, as well as a properly completed and duly executed Letter of Transmittal (or an Agent’s Message in lieu thereof) and any other documents required by this Letter of Transmittal and the Prospectus, must be received by the Exchange Agent (at the address set forth herein in the case of documents delivered physically), prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the Expiration Date. Old Notes tendered hereby must be in denominations of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof, provided that, if any Old Note is tendered in part, the untendered portion of such Old Note must be a denomination of $2,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof.

The method of delivery (whether physical or electronic) of Old Notes, Letters of Transmittal, Agent’s Messages, Book-Entry Confirmation and all other required documents is at the election and risk of the tendering holders, provided that Old Notes in book-entry form must be tendered through DTC’s ATOP procedures. If such delivery is by mail, it is recommended that the mailing be by registered mail, properly insured, with return receipt requested. In all cases, the holder should allow sufficient time to insure delivery to the Exchange Agent before 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the Expiration Date. The holder may request the broker, dealer, bank or other financial institution or nominee through which it may hold Old Notes to effect these transactions for it. No Letters of Transmittal, Old Notes or other documents should be sent to the Company. There are no guaranteed delivery procedures available in connection with the Exchange Offers. Accordingly, holders of Old Notes must deliver or cause their Old Notes and all required documentation to be delivered to the Exchange Agent in accordance with the procedures described in this Letter of Transmittal prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the Expiration Date for the related Exchange Offer.

See “The Exchange Offers” section of the Prospectus.

2. PARTIAL TENDERS (NOT APPLICABLE TO NOTE HOLDERS WHO TENDER BY BOOK- ENTRY TRANSFER).

If less than all of the Old Notes evidenced by a submitted certificate are to be tendered, the tendering holder(s) should fill in the aggregate principal amount of Old Notes to be tendered in the applicable column of the box above entitled “Description of Old Notes Tendered.” A reissued certificate representing the non-tendered Old Notes (which must be in a denomination of $2,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof) will be sent to such tendering holder, unless otherwise provided in the appropriate box on this Letter of Transmittal, promptly after the Expiration Date. All of the Old Notes delivered to the Exchange Agent will be deemed to have been tendered unless otherwise indicated.

3. SIGNATURES ON THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL; BOND POWERS AND ENDORSEMENTS; GUARANTEE OF SIGNATURES.

If this Letter of Transmittal is signed by the registered holder(s) of the Old Notes tendered hereby, the signature(s) must correspond exactly with the name(s) as written on the face of the certificate(s) without any change whatsoever. In the case of Old Notes tendered by book-entry transfer, the signature on this Letter of Transmittal must correspond exactly with the name appearing on DTC’s security position listing without any change whatsoever.

If any tendered Old Notes are owned of record by two or more joint owners, all of such owners must sign this Letter of Transmittal.

If any tendered Old Notes are registered in different names on several certificates, it will be necessary to complete, sign and submit as many separate copies of this Letter of Transmittal as there are different registrations of certificates.

When this Letter of Transmittal is signed by the registered holder or holders of the Old Notes specified herein and tendered hereby, no endorsements of the certificate(s) evidencing such Old Notes or separate bond powers are required. If, however, the New Notes are to be issued, or any untendered Old Notes are to be reissued, in the name(s) of any person(s) other than such registered holder(s), then such certificate(s) must be endorsed or accompanied by appropriate bond powers (satisfactory to the Company and the Exchange Agent in their sole and absolute discretion), in each case signed exactly as the name(s) of the registered holder(s) appear(s) on the certificate(s), and the signature(s) on such certificate(s) or bond powers must be guaranteed by an Eligible Institution.

If this Letter of Transmittal is signed by a person or persons other than the registered holder(s) of any certificate(s) specified herein, such certificate(s) must be endorsed or accompanied by appropriate bond powers (satisfactory to the Company and the Exchange Agent in their sole and absolute discretion), in each case signed exactly as the name(s) of the registered holder(s) appear(s) on the certificate(s), and the signature(s) on such certificate(s) or bond powers must be guaranteed by an Eligible Institution.

If this Letter of Transmittal or any certificates or bond powers are signed by trustees, executors, administrators, guardians, attorneys-in-fact, officers of corporations or others acting in a fiduciary or representative capacity, such persons should so indicate when signing, and, unless waived by the Company or the Exchange Agent, proper evidence satisfactory to the Company and to the Exchange Agent of their authority to so act must be submitted with this Letter of Transmittal.

Endorsements on certificates for Old Notes or signatures on bond powers or powers required by this Instruction 3 must be guaranteed by an Eligible Institution. As used herein, “Eligible Institution” means a firm which is a member of the Securities Transfer Agent Medallion Program, the Stock Exchanges Medallion Program or the New York Stock Exchange Medallion Program.

Signatures on this Letter of Transmittal need not be guaranteed by an Eligible Institution, provided the Old Notes are tendered: (i) by the registered holder(s) of such Old Notes (which term, for purposes of this Letter of Transmittal, includes any participant in DTC’s system whose name appears on a security position listing as the holder of such Old Notes) who has not completed the box entitled “Special Issuance Instructions” or “Special Delivery Instructions” on this Letter of Transmittal, or (ii) for the account of an Eligible Institution.

4. SPECIAL ISSUANCE AND DELIVERY INSTRUCTIONS.

Tendering holders of Old Notes should indicate in the applicable box the name and address to which New Notes issued pursuant to the applicable Exchange Offer and/or substitute certificates evidencing Old Notes not exchanged are to be issued or sent, if different from the name or address of the person signing this Letter of Transmittal. In the case of issuance in a different name, the taxpayer or employer identification number or social security number of each person named also must be indicated. Holders tendering Old Notes by book- entry

transfer may request that Old Notes not exchanged be credited to such account maintained at DTC as such holder may designate hereon. If no such instructions are given, such Old Notes not exchanged will be returned to the name and address or DTC account of the person signing this Letter of Transmittal.

5. TRANSFER TAXES.

The Company will pay all transfer taxes, if any, applicable to the transfer of Old Notes to it or upon its order pursuant to the Exchange Offers. If, however, New Notes and/or Old Notes not exchanged are to be delivered to, or are to be registered or issued in the name of, any person other than the registered holder(s) of the Old Notes tendered hereby, if tendered Old Notes are registered in the name of any person(s) other than the person(s) signing this Letter of Transmittal, or if a transfer tax is imposed for any reason other than the transfer of Old Notes to, or upon the order of, the Company pursuant to the Exchange Offers, the amount of any such transfer taxes (whether imposed on the registered holder(s) or any other persons) will be payable by the tendering holder(s). If satisfactory evidence of payment of such taxes or exemption therefrom is not submitted herewith or, in the case of Old Notes tendered by book-entry transfer, contemporaneously with the tender of such Old Notes, the amount of such transfer taxes will be billed to such tendering holder(s) or the Company may refuse to accept the Old Notes tendered by such holder.

6. WAIVER OF CONDITIONS.

The Company reserves the right, in its sole and absolute discretion, to waive, at any time and from time to time, satisfaction of any or all conditions of any Exchange Offer enumerated in the Prospectus.

7. NO CONDITIONAL TENDERS; DEFECTS.

No alternative, conditional, irregular or contingent tenders will be accepted. All tendering holders of Old Notes, by execution of this Letter of Transmittal or delivery an Agent’s Message in lieu thereof, shall waive any right to receive notice of the acceptance of their Old Notes for exchange.

The undersigned acknowledges and agrees that neither the Company, the Exchange Agent nor any other person is under any duty to notify the undersigned or any other person of any defect or irregularity with respect to its tender of Old Notes for exchange, or if any Old Notes, Letters of Transmittal, Agent’s Messages, Book-Entry Confirmations or other documents are or are not received by the Exchange Agent, and no one will be liable for failing to provide such notification.

8. MUTILATED, LOST, STOLEN OR DESTROYED OLD NOTES.

Any holder whose Old Notes have been mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed should contact the Exchange Agent at the address or telephone number indicated above for further instructions.

9. WITHDRAWAL RIGHTS.

Tenders of Old Notes may be withdrawn no later than 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the Expiration Date.

For a withdrawal of a tender of Old Notes to be effective, the Exchange Agent must receive, in the case of Old Notes tendered pursuant to DTC’s ATOP procedures, an electronic notice of withdrawal transmitted by DTC on behalf of the DTC participant that tendered such Old Notes or, in the case of Old Notes in certificated form, if any, tendered by physical delivery, a written (which may be given by telegram) or facsimile notice of withdrawal at the address or facsimile number above, in each case no later than 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the Expiration Date. The notice of withdrawal must:

| • |  | specify the name(s) of the person(s) having tendered the Old Notes to be withdrawn and, if different, the name of the registered holder(s) of such Old Notes (or, in the case of Old Notes tendered by book-entry transfer, the name and the DTC account number of the DTC participant that tendered such Old Notes)

| • |  | identify the Old Notes to be withdrawn (including the CUSIP numbers and, in the case of Old Notes in certificated form, the certificate numbers thereof) and principal amount of such Old Notes,

| • |  | in the case of Old Notes tendered through DTC’s ATOP procedures, specify the name and account number at DTC to which withdrawn Old Notes should be credited,

| • |  | in the case of Old Notes in certificated form physically delivered to the Exchange Agent, be signed by the same person(s) and in the same manner as this Letter of Transmittal, including any signature guarantees (or, in the case of Old Notes tendered by book-entry transfer, be signed by or transmitted on behalf of the DTC participant that tendered such Old Notes), or be accompanied by evidence satisfactory to the Company and the Exchange Agent that the person(s) withdrawing the tender has succeeded to the beneficial ownership of those Old Notes,

| • |  | contain a statement that the holder or holders, as the case may be, are withdrawing their election to have the Old Notes exchanged, and

| • |  | if this Letter of Transmittal was executed by a person or persons other than the registered holder(s), be accompanied by a properly completed irrevocable proxy authorizing such person(s) to effect such withdrawal on behalf of such registered holder(s).

The signature(s) on a notice of withdrawal must be guaranteed by an Eligible Institution unless the applicable Old Notes were tendered by an Eligible Institution and the notice of withdrawal is being signed by the same Eligible Institution, and the signature(s) on any such irrevocable proxy must be guaranteed by an Eligible Institution unless the signatory to such proxy is an Eligible Institution.

Properly withdrawn Old Notes may be retendered by following the procedures described in this Letter of Transmittal and the Prospectus at any time prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the Expiration Date.

All questions as to the validity, form and eligibility (including time of receipt) of such notices of withdrawal and all other documents submitted and procedures followed in connection therewith will be determined by the Company in its sole and absolute discretion (which power may be delegated to the Exchange Agent), which determination shall be final and binding on all parties. Any Old Notes so withdrawn will be deemed not to have been validly tendered for exchange for purposes of the Exchange Offers and no New Notes will be issued with respect thereto unless the Old Notes so withdrawn are validly retendered and not validly withdrawn and are accepted by us.

Any Old Notes that have been tendered for exchange but which are not exchanged for any reason (including, without limitation, because the tender of those Old Notes has been properly withdrawn, because the Company did not accept those Old Notes for exchange or terminated the applicable Exchange Offer, or if the tendering holder properly indicates that only a portion of the Old Notes being tendered are to be exchanged for New Notes), such Old Notes will be returned to the holder thereof (or, in the case of Old Notes tendered by book-entry transfer, will be credited to the accounts at DTC of the applicable DTC participant), unless the holder completed the box entitled “Special Delivery Instructions” in this Letter of Transmittal, in which case such Old Notes will be returned to the person specified in such instructions, without cost to such holder, promptly after withdrawal of such Old Notes or expiration or termination of the applicable Exchange Offer, as the case may be.

10. REQUESTS FOR ASSISTANCE OR ADDITIONAL COPIES.

Questions relating to the procedure for tendering, as well as requests for additional copies of the Prospectus, this Letter of Transmittal and other related documents may be directed to the Exchange Agent at the address and telephone number indicated above.

11. TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER AND BACKUP WITHHOLDING.

Under U.S. federal income tax law, a tendering holder whose Old Notes are accepted for exchange may be subject to backup withholding. To prevent backup withholding, each tendering holder must provide such holder’s

correct Taxpayer Identification Number (“TIN”), which, in the case of a holder who is an individual, is generally such holder’s social security number, by completing the enclosed Form W-9, “Request for Taxpayer Identification Number and Certification,” and generally must certify that (i) the TIN provided is correct (or that such holder is awaiting a TIN), and (ii) the holder is not subject to backup withholding. If the Exchange Agent is not provided with the correct TIN or an adequate basis for an exemption, such holder may be subject to a $50 penalty imposed by the Internal Revenue Service and backup withholding at the applicable rate, 28% as of the date of the Prospectus, upon the amount of any reportable payments made after the exchange to such tendering holder. If withholding results in an overpayment of taxes, a refund may be obtained.

If a holder that is a U.S. person (for U.S. federal income tax purposes) does not have a TIN, such holder should consult the enclosed Form W-9 instructions (the “W-9 Instructions”) for instructions on applying for a TIN, write “Applied For” in the space for the TIN, and sign and date the Form W-9. If the holder does not provide such holder’s TIN to the Exchange Agent by the time of payment, backup withholding will apply to payments made to such holder. Note: Writing “Applied For” on the form means that the holder has already applied for a TIN or that such holder intends to apply for one in the near future.

If the Old Notes are held in more than one name or are not in the name of the actual owner, consult the W-9 Instructions for information on which TIN to report.

Exempt holders (including, among others, all corporations and certain foreign persons) are not subject to these backup withholding and reporting requirements. To prevent possible erroneous backup withholding, an exempt holder that is a U.S. person (for federal income tax purposes) should check the “Exempt payee” box on Form W-9. See the W-9 Instructions for additional instructions. In order for a holder that is not a U.S. person (for federal income tax purposes) to qualify as exempt, such person must submit a completed Form W-8BEN, “Certificate of Foreign Status of Beneficial Owner for United States Tax Withholding and Reporting (Individuals),” or Form W-8BEN-E “Certificate of Foreign Status of Beneficial Owner for United States Tax Withholding and Reporting (Entities),” signed under penalty of perjury attesting to such exempt status. Special rules apply to foreign partnerships. In general, the foreign partnership will be required to provide a properly executed Form W-8IMY, “Certificate of Foreign Intermediary, Foreign Flow-Through Entity, or Certain U.S. Branches for United States Tax Withholding and Reporting,” and attach thereto an appropriate certification from each partner. Finally, if a holder that is not a U.S. person (for federal income tax purposes) is engaged in a U.S. trade or business, and if interest on a New Note will be effectively connected with the conduct of such trade or business, such holder should provide a properly executed Form W-8ECI, “Certificate of Foreign Person’s Claim that Income is Effectively Connected with the Conduct of a Trade or Business in the United States.” To the extent applicable, the appropriate Form W-8 may be obtained from the Exchange Agent.

Form W-9 (Rev. December 2014) Department of the Treasury Internal Revenue Service Request for Taxpayer Identification Number and Certification Give Form to the requester. Do not send to the IRS. 1 Name (as shown on your income tax return). Name is required on this line; do not leave this line blank. 2 Business name/disregarded entity name, if different from above 3 Check appropriate box for federal tax classification; check only one of the following seven boxes: Individual/sole proprietor or single-member LLC C Corporation S Corporation Partnership Trust/estate Limited liability company. Enter the tax classification (C=C corporation, S=S corporation, P=partnership) Note. For a single-member LLC that is disregarded, do not check LLC; check the appropriate box in the line above for the tax classification of the single-member owner. Other (see instructions) 4 Exemptions (codes apply only to certain entities, not individuals; see instructions on page 3): Exempt payee code (if any) Exemption from FATCA reporting code (if any) (Applies to accounts maintained outside the U. S.) 5 Address (number, street, and apt. or suite no.) Requester’s name and address (optional) 6 City, state, and ZIP code 7 List account number(s) here (optional) Part I Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) Enter your TIN in the appropriate box. The TIN provided must match the name given on line 1 to avoid backup Withholding. For individuals, this is generally your social security number (SSN). However, for a resident alien, sole proprietor, or disregarded entity, see the Part I instructions on page 3. For other entities, it is your employer identification number (EIN). If you do not have a number, see How to get a TIN on page 3. Note. If the account is in more than one name, see the instructions for line 1 and the chart on page 4 for guidelines on whose number to enter. Social security number or Employer identification number Part II Certification Under penalties of perjury, I certify that: 1. The number shown on this form is my correct taxpayer identification number (or I am waiting for a number to be issued to me); and 2. I am not subject to backup withholding because: (a) I am exempt from backup withholding, or (b) I have not been notified by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) that I am subject to backup withholding as a result of a failure to report all interest or dividends, or (c) the IRS has notified me that I am no longer subject to backup withholding; and 3. I am a U.S. citizen or other U.S. person (defined below); and 4. The FATCA code(s) entered on this form (if any) indicating that I am exempt from FATCA reporting is correct. Certification instructions. You must cross out item 2 above if you have been notified by the IRS that you are currently subject to backup withholding because you have failed to report all interest and dividends on your tax return. For real estate transactions, item 2 does not apply. For mortgage interest paid, acquisition or abandonment of secured property, cancellation of debt, contributions to an individual retirement arrangement (IRA), and generally, payments other than interest and dividends, you are not required to sign the certification, but you must provide your correct TIN. See the instructions on page 3. Sign Here[ Signature of U.S. person Date General Instructions Section references are to the Internal Revenue Code unless otherwise noted. Future developments. Information about developments affecting Form W-9 (such as legislation enacted after we release it) is at www.irs.gov/fw9. Purpose of Form An individual or entity (Form W-9 requester) who is required to file an information return with the IRS must obtain your correct taxpayer identification number (TIN) which may be your social security number (SSN), individual taxpayer identification number (ITIN), adoption taxpayer identification number (ATIN), or employer identification number (EIN), to report on an information return the amount paid to you, or other amount reportable on an information return. Examples of information returns include, but are not limited to, the following: Form 1099-INT (interest earned or paid) Form 1099-DIV (dividends, including those from stocks or mutual funds) Form 1099-MISC (various types of income, prizes, awards, or gross proceeds) Form 1099-B (stock or mutual fund sales and certain other transactions by brokers) Form 1099-S (proceeds from real estate transactions) Form 1099-K (merchant card and third party network transactions) Form 1098 (home mortgage interest), 1098-E (student loan interest), 1098-T (tuition) Form 1099-C (canceled debt) Form 1099-A (acquisition or abandonment of secured property) Use Form W-9 only if you are a U.S. person (including a resident alien), to provide your correct TIN. If you do not return Form W-9 to the requester with a TIN, you might be subject to backup withholding. See What is backup withholding? on page 2. By signing the filled-out form you: 1. Certify that the TIN you are giving is correct (or you are waiting for a number to be issued), 2. Certify that you are not subject to backup withholding, or 3. Claim exemption from backup withholding if you are a U.S. exempt payee. If applicable, you are also certifying that as a U.S. person, your allocable share of any partnership income from a U.S. trade or business is not subject to the withholding tax on foreign partners’ share of effectively connected income, and 4. Certify that FATCA code(s) entered on this form (if any) indicating that you are exempt from the FATCA reporting, is correct. See What is FATCA reporting? on page 2 for further information. Form W-9 (Rev. 12-2014) Cat. No. 10231X

Form W-9 (Rev. 12-2014) Page 2 Note. If you are a U.S. person and a requester gives you a form other than Form W-9 to request your TIN, you must use the requester’s form if it is substantially similar to this Form W-9. Definition of a U.S. person. For federal tax purposes, you are considered a U.S. person if you are: An individual who is a U.S. citizen or U.S. resident alien; A partnership, corporation, company, or association created or organized in the United States or under the laws of the United States; An estate (other than a foreign estate); or A domestic trust (as defined in Regulations section 301.7701-7). Special rules for partnerships. Partnerships that conduct a trade or business in the United States are generally required to pay a withholding tax under section 1446 on any foreign partners’ share of effectively connected taxable income from such business. Further, in certain cases where a Form W-9 has not been received, the rules under section 1446 require a partnership to presume that a partner is a foreign person, and pay the section 1446 withholding tax. Therefore, if you are a U.S. person that is a partner in a partnership conducting a trade or business in the United States, provide Form W-9 to the partnership to establish your U.S. status and avoid section 1446 withholding on your share of partnership income. In the cases below, the following person must give Form W-9 to the partnership for purposes of establishing its U.S. status and avoiding withholding on its allocable share of net income from the partnership conducting a trade or business in the United States: In the case of a disregarded entity with a U.S. owner, the U.S. owner of the disregarded entity and not the entity; In the case of a grantor trust with a U.S. grantor or other U.S. owner, generally, the U.S. grantor or other U.S. owner of the grantor trust and not the trust; and In the case of a U.S. trust (other than a grantor trust), the U.S. trust (other than a grantor trust) and not the beneficiaries of the trust. Foreign person. If you are a foreign person or the U.S. branch of a foreign bank that has elected to be treated as a U.S. person, do not use Form W-9. Instead, use the appropriate Form W-8 or Form 8233 (see Publication 515, Withholding of Tax on Nonresident Aliens and Foreign Entities). Nonresident alien who becomes a resident alien. Generally, only a nonresident alien individual may use the terms of a tax treaty to reduce or eliminate U.S. tax on certain types of income. However, most tax treaties contain a provision known as a “saving clause.” Exceptions specified in the saving clause may permit an exemption from tax to continue for certain types of income even after the payee has otherwise become a U.S. resident alien for tax purposes. If you are a U.S. resident alien who is relying on an exception contained in the saving clause of a tax treaty to claim an exemption from U.S. tax on certain types of income, you must attach a statement to Form W-9 that specifies the following five items: 1. The treaty country. Generally, this must be the same treaty under which you claimed exemption from tax as a nonresident alien. 2. The treaty article addressing the income. 3. The article number (or location) in the tax treaty that contains the saving clause and its exceptions. 4. The type and amount of income that qualifies for the exemption from tax. 5. Sufficient facts to justify the exemption from tax under the terms of the treaty article. Example. Article 20 of the U.S.-China income tax treaty allows an exemption from tax for scholarship income received by a Chinese student temporarily present in the United States. Under U.S. law, this student will become a resident alien for tax purposes if his or her stay in the United States exceeds 5 calendar years. However, paragraph 2 of the first Protocol to the U.S.-China treaty (dated April 30, 1984) allows the provisions of Article 20 to continue to apply even after the Chinese student becomes a resident alien of the United States. A Chinese student who qualifies for this exception (under paragraph 2 of the first protocol) and is relying on this exception to claim an exemption from tax on his or her scholarship or fellowship income would attach to Form W-9 a statement that includes the information described above to support that exemption. If you are a nonresident alien or a foreign entity, give the requester the appropriate completed Form W-8 or Form 8233. Backup Withholding What is backup withholding? Persons making certain payments to you must under certain conditions withhold and pay to the IRS 28% of such payments. This is called “backup withholding.” Payments that may be subject to backup withholding include interest, tax-exempt interest, dividends, broker and barter exchange transactions, rents, royalties, nonemployee pay, payments made in settlement of payment card and third party network transactions, and certain payments from fishing boat operators. Real estate transactions are not subject to backup withholding. You will not be subject to backup withholding on payments you receive if you give the requester your correct TIN, make the proper certifications, and report all your taxable interest and dividends on your tax return. Payments you receive will be subject to backup withholding if: 1. You do not furnish your TIN to the requester, 2. You do not certify your TIN when required (see the Part II instructions on page 3 for details), 3. The IRS tells the requester that you furnished an incorrect TIN, 4. The IRS tells you that you are subject to backup withholding because you did not report all your interest and dividends on your tax return (for reportable interest and dividends only), or 5. You do not certify to the requester that you are not subject to backup withholding under 4 above (for reportable interest and dividend accounts opened after 1983 only). Certain payees and payments are exempt from backup withholding. See Exempt payee code on page 3 and the separate Instructions for the Requester of Form W-9 for more information. Also see Special rules for partnerships above. What is FATCA reporting? The Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA) requires a participating foreign financial institution to report all United States account holders that are specified United States persons. Certain payees are exempt from FATCA reporting. See Exemption from FATCA reporting code on page 3 and the Instructions for the Requester of Form W-9 for more information. Updating Your Information You must provide updated information to any person to whom you claimed to be an exempt payee if you are no longer an exempt payee and anticipate receiving reportable payments in the future from this person. For example, you may need to provide updated information if you are a C corporation that elects to be an S corporation, or if you no longer are tax exempt. In addition, you must furnish a new Form W-9 if the name or TIN changes for the account; for example, if the grantor of a grantor trust dies. Penalties Failure to furnish TIN. If you fail to furnish your correct TIN to a requester, you are subject to a penalty of $50 for each such failure unless your failure is due to reasonable cause and not to willful neglect. Civil penalty for false information with respect to withholding. If you make a false statement with no reasonable basis that results in no backup withholding, you are subject to a $500 penalty. Criminal penalty for falsifying information. Willfully falsifying certifications or affirmations may subject you to criminal penalties including fines and/or imprisonment. Misuse of TINs. If the requester discloses or uses TINs in violation of federal law, the requester may be subject to civil and criminal penalties. Specific Instructions Line 1 You must enter one of the following on this line; do not leave this line blank. The name should match the name on your tax return. If this Form W-9 is for a joint account, list first, and then circle, the name of the person or entity whose number you entered in Part I of Form W-9. a. Individual. Generally, enter the name shown on your tax return. If you have changed your last name without informing the Social Security Administration (SSA) of the name change, enter your first name, the last name as shown on your social security card, and your new last name. Note. ITIN applicant: Enter your individual name as it was entered on your Form W-7 application, line 1a. This should also be the same as the name you entered on the Form 1040/1040A/1040EZ you filed with your application. b. Sole proprietor or single-member LLC. Enter your individual name as shown on your 1040/1040A/1040EZ on line 1. You may enter your business, trade, or “doing business as” (DBA) name on line 2. c. Partnership, LLC that is not a single-member LLC, C Corporation, or S Corporation. Enter the entity’s name as shown on the entity’s tax return on line 1 and any business, trade, or DBA name on line 2. d. Other entities. Enter your name as shown on required U.S. federal tax documents on line 1. This name should match the name shown on the charter or other legal document creating the entity. You may enter any business, trade, or DBA name on line 2. e. Disregarded entity. For U.S. federal tax purposes, an entity that is disregarded as an entity separate from its owner is treated as a “disregarded entity.” See Regulations section 301.7701-2(c)(2)(iii). Enter the owner’s name on line 1. The name of the entity entered on line 1 should never be a disregarded entity. The name on line 1 should be the name shown on the income tax return on which the income should be reported. For example, if a foreign LLC that is treated as a disregarded entity for U.S. federal tax purposes has a single owner that is a U.S. person, the U.S. owner’s name is required to be provided on line 1. If the direct owner of the entity is also a disregarded entity, enter the first owner that is not disregarded for federal tax purposes. Enter the disregarded entity’s name on line 2, “Business name/disregarded entity name.” If the owner of the disregarded entity is a foreign person, the owner must complete an appropriate Form W-8 instead of a Form W-9. This is the case even if the foreign person has a U.S. TIN.

Form W-9 (Rev. 12-2014) Page 3 Line 2 If you have a business name, trade name, DBA name, or disregarded entity name, you may enter it on line 2. Line 3 Check the appropriate box in line 3 for the U.S. federal tax classification of the person whose name is entered on line 1. Check only one box in line 3. Limited Liability Company (LLC). If the name on line 1 is an LLC treated as a partnership for U.S. federal tax purposes, check the “Limited Liability Company” box and enter “P” in the space provided. If the LLC has filed Form 8832 or 2553 to be taxed as a corporation, check the “Limited Liability Company” box and in the space provided enter “C” for C corporation or “S” for S corporation. If it is a single-member LLC that is a disregarded entity, do not check the “Limited Liability Company” box; instead check the first box in line 3 “Individual/sole proprietor or single-member LLC.” Line 4, Exemptions If you are exempt from backup withholding and/or FATCA reporting, enter in the appropriate space in line 4 any code(s) that may apply to you. Exempt payee code. Generally, individuals (including sole proprietors) are not exempt from backup withholding. Except as provided below, corporations are exempt from backup withholding for certain payments, including interest and dividends. Corporations are not exempt from backup withholding for payments made in settlement of payment card or third party network transactions. Corporations are not exempt from backup withholding with respect to attorneys’ fees or gross proceeds paid to attorneys, and corporations that provide medical or health care services are not exempt with respect to payments reportable on Form 1099-MISC. The following codes identify payees that are exempt from backup withholding. Enter the appropriate code in the space in line 4. 1–An organization exempt from tax under section 501 (a), any IRA, or a custodial account under section 403(b)(7) if the account satisfies the requirements of section 401 (f)(2) 2–The United States or any of its agencies or instrumentalities 3–A state, the District of Columbia, a U.S. commonwealth or possession, or any of their political subdivisions or instrumentalities 4–A foreign government or any of its political subdivisions, agencies, or instrumentalities 5–A corporation 6–A dealer in securities or commodities required to register in the United States, the District of Columbia, or a U.S. commonwealth or possession 7–A futures commission merchant registered with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission 8–A real estate investment trust 9–An entity registered at all times during the tax year under the Investment Company Act of 1940 10–A common trust fund operated by a bank under section 584(a) 11–A financial institution 12–A middleman known in the investment community as a nominee or custodian 13–A trust exempt from tax under section 664 or described in section 4947 The following chart shows types of payments that may be exempt from backup withholding. The chart applies to the exempt payees listed above, 1 through 13. IF the payment is for... THEN the payment is exempt for... Interest and dividend payments All exempt payees except for 7 Broker transactions Exempt payees 1 through 4 and 6 through 11 and all C corporations. S corporations must not enter an exempt payee code because they are exempt only for sales of noncovered securities acquired prior to 2012. Barter exchange transactions and patronage dividends Exempt payees 1 through 4 Payments over $600 required to be reported and direct sales over $5,000 1 Generally, exempt payees 1 through 52 Payments made in settlement of payment card or third party network transactions Exempt payees 1 through 4 1 See Form 1099-MISC, Miscellaneous Income, and its instructions. 2 However, the following payments made to a corporation and reportable on Form 1099-MISC are not exempt from backup withholding: medical and health care payments, attorneys’ fees, gross proceeds paid to an attorney reportable under section 6045(f), and payments for services paid by a federal executive agency. Exemption from FATCA reporting code. The following codes identify payees that are exempt from reporting under FATCA. These codes apply to persons submitting this form for accounts maintained outside of the United States by certain foreign financial institutions. Therefore, if you are only submitting this form for an account you hold in the United States, you may leave this field blank. Consult with the person requesting this form if you are uncertain if the financial institution is subject to these requirements. A requester may indicate that a code is not required by providing you with a Form W-9 with “Not Applicable” (or any similar indication) written or printed on the line for a FATCA exemption code. A–An organization exempt from tax under section 501 (a) or any individual retirement plan as defined in section 7701(a)(37) B–The United States or any of its agencies or instrumentalities C–A state, the District of Columbia, a U.S. commonwealth or possession, or any of their political subdivisions or instrumentalities D–A corporation the stock of which is regularly traded on one or more established securities markets, as described in Regulations section 1.1472-1(c)(1)(i) E–A corporation that is a member of the same expanded affiliated group as a corporation described in Regulations section 1.1472-1(c)(1)(i) F–A dealer in securities, commodities, or derivative financial instruments (including notional principal contracts, futures, forwards, and options) that is registered as such under the laws of the United States or any state G–A real estate investment trust H–A regulated investment company as defined in section 851 or an entity registered at all times during the tax year under the Investment Company Act of 1940 I–A common trust fund as defined in section 584(a) J–A bank as defined in section 581 K–A broker L–A trust exempt from tax under section 664 or described in section 4947(a)(1) M–A tax exempt trust under a section 403(b) plan or section 457(g) plan Note. You may wish to consult with the financial institution requesting this form to determine whether the FATCA code and/or exempt payee code should be completed. Line 5 Enter your address (number, street, and apartment or suite number). This is where the requester of this Form W-9 will mail your information returns. Line 6 Enter your city, state, and ZIP code. Part I. Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) Enter your TIN in the appropriate box. If you are a resident alien and you do not have and are not eligible to get an SSN, your TIN is your IRS individual taxpayer identification number (ITIN). Enter it in the social security number box. If you do not have an ITIN, see How to get a TIN below. If you are a sole proprietor and you have an EIN, you may enter either your SSN or EIN. However, the IRS prefers that you use your SSN. If you are a single-member LLC that is disregarded as an entity separate from its owner (see Limited Liability Company (LLC) on this page), enter the owner’s SSN (or EIN, if the owner has one). Do not enter the disregarded entity’s EIN. If the LLC is classified as a corporation or partnership, enter the entity’s EIN. Note. See the chart on page 4 for further clarification of name and TIN combinations. How to get a TIN. If you do not have a TIN, apply for one immediately. To apply for an SSN, get Form SS-5, Application for a Social Security Card, from your local SSA office or get this form online at www.ssa.gov. You may also get this form by calling 1-800-772-1213. Use Form W-7, Application for IRS Individual Taxpayer Identification Number, to apply for an ITIN, or Form SS-4, Application for Employer Identification Number, to apply for an EIN. You can apply for an EIN online by accessing the IRS website at www.irs.gov/businesses and clicking on Employer Identification Number (EIN) under Starting a Business. You can get Forms W-7 and SS-4 from the IRS by visiting IRS.gov or by calling 1-800-TAX-FORM (1-800-829-3676). If you are asked to complete Form W-9 but do not have a TIN, apply for a TIN and write “Applied For” in the space for the TIN, sign and date the form, and give it to the requester. For interest and dividend payments, and certain payments made with respect to readily tradable instruments, generally you will have 60 days to get a TIN and give it to the requester before you are subject to backup withholding on payments. The 60-day rule does not apply to other types of payments. You will be subject to backup withholding on all such payments until you provide your TIN to the requester. Note. Entering “Applied For” means that you have already applied for a TIN or that you intend to apply for one soon. Caution: A disregarded U.S. entity that has a foreign owner must use the appropriate Form W-8.

Form W-9 (Rev. 12-2014) Page 4 Part II. Certification To establish to the withholding agent that you are a U.S. person, or resident alien, sign Form W-9. You may be requested to sign by the withholding agent even if items 1, 4, or 5 below indicate otherwise. For a joint account, only the person whose TIN is shown in Part I should sign (when required). In the case of a disregarded entity, the person identified on line 1 must sign. Exempt payees, see Exempt payee code earlier. Signature requirements. Complete the certification as indicated in items 1 through 5 below. 1. Interest, dividend, and barter exchange accounts opened before 1984 and broker accounts considered active during 1983. You must give your correct TIN, but you do not have to sign the certification. 2. Interest, dividend, broker, and barter exchange accounts opened after 1983 and broker accounts considered inactive during 1983. You must sign the certification or backup withholding will apply. If you are subject to backup withholding and you are merely providing your correct TIN to the requester, you must cross out item 2 in the certification before signing the form. 3. Real estate transactions. You must sign the certification. You may cross out item 2 of the certification. 4. Other payments. You must give your correct TIN, but you do not have to sign the certification unless you have been notified that you have previously given an incorrect TIN. “Other payments” include payments made in the course of the requester’s trade or business for rents, royalties, goods (other than bills for merchandise), medical and health care services (including payments to corporations), payments to a nonemployee for services, payments made in settlement of payment card and third party network transactions, payments to certain fishing boat crew members and fishermen, and gross proceeds paid to attorneys (including payments to corporations). 5. Mortgage interest paid by you, acquisition or abandonment of secured property, cancellation of debt, qualified tuition program payments (under section 529), IRA, Coverdell ESA, Archer MSA or HSA contributions or distributions, and pension distributions. You must give your correct TIN, but you do not have to sign the certification. What Name and Number To Give the Requester For this type of account: Give name and SSN of: 1. Individual The individual 2. Two or more individuals (joint account) The actual owner of the account or, if combined funds, the first individual on the account1 3. Custodian account of a minor (Uniform Gift to Minors Act) The minor2 4. a. The usual revocable savings trust (grantor is also trustee) The grantor-trustee1 b. So-called trust account that is not a legal or valid trust under state law The actual owner1 5. Sole proprietorship or disregarded entity owned by an individual The owner3 6. Grantor trust filing under Optional Form 1099 Filing Method 1 (see Regulations section 1.671-4(b)(2)(i)(A)) The grantor* For this type of account: Give name and EIN of: 7. Disregarded entity not owned by an individual The owner 8. A valid trust, estate, or pension trust Legal entity4 9. Corporation or LLC electing corporate status on Form 8832 or Form 2553 The corporation 10. Association, club, religious, charitable, educational, or other tax-exempt organization The organization 11. Partnership or multi-member LLC The partnership 12. A broker or registered nominee The broker or nominee 13. Account with the Department of Agriculture in the name of a public entity (such as a state or local government, school district, or prison) that receives agricultural The public entity program payments 14. Grantor trust filing under the Form The trust 1041 Filing Method or the Optional Form 1099 Filing Method 2 (see Regulations section 1.671-4(b)(2)(i)(B)) 1 List first and circle the name of the person whose number you furnish. If only one person on a joint account has an SSN, that person’s number must be furnished. 2 Circle the minor’s name and furnish the minor’s SSN. 3 You must show your individual name and your may also enter your business or DBAname on the “Business name/disregarded entity” name line. You may use either your SSN or EIN (If you have one), but the IRS encourages you to use your SSN. 4 List first and circle the name of the trust, estate, or pension trust. (Do not furnish the TIN of the personal representative or trustee unless the legal entity itself is not designated in the account title.) Also see Special rules for partnerships on page 2. *Note. Grantor also must provide a Form W-9 to trustee of trust. Note. If no name is circled when more than one name is listed, the number will be considered to be that of the first name listed. Secure Your Tax Records from Identity Theft Identity theft occurs when someone uses your personal information such as your name, SSN, or other identifying information, without your permission, to commit fraud or other crimes. An identity thief may use your SSN to get a job or may file a tax return using your SSN to receive a refund. To reduce your risk: Protect your SSN, Ensure your employer is protecting your SSN, and Be careful when choosing a tax preparer. If your tax records are affected by identity theft and you receive a notice from the IRS, respond right away to the name and phone number printed on the IRS notice or letter. If your tax records are not currently affected by identity theft but you think you are at risk due to a lost or stolen purse or wallet, questionable credit card activity or credit report, contact the IRS Identity Theft Hotline at 1-800-908-4490 or submit Form 14039. For more information, see Publication 4535, Identity Theft Prevention and Victim Assistance. Victims of identity theft who are experiencing economic harm or a system problem, or are seeking help in resolving tax problems that have not been resolved through normal channels, may be eligible for Taxpayer Advocate Service (TAS) assistance. You can reach TAS by calling the TAS toll-free case intake line at 1-877-777-4778 or TTY/TDD 1-800-829-4059. Protect yourself from suspicious emails or phishing schemes. Phishing is the creation and use of email and websites designed to mimic legitimate business emails and websites. The most common act is sending an email to a user falsely claiming to be an established legitimate enterprise in an attempt to scam the user into surrendering private information that will be used for identity theft. The IRS does not initiate contacts with taxpayers via emails. Also, the IRS does not request personal detailed information through email or ask taxpayers for the PIN numbers, passwords, or similar secret access information for their credit card, bank, or other financial accounts. If you receive an unsolicited email claiming to be from the IRS, forward this message to phishing@irs.gov. You may also report misuse of the IRS name, logo, or other IRS property to the Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration (TIGTA) at 1-800-366-4484. You can forward suspicious emails to the Federal Trade Commission at: spam@uce.gov or contact them at www.ftc.gov/idtheft or 1-877-IDTHEFT (1-877-438-4338). Visit IRS.gov to learn more about identity theft and how to reduce your risk. Privacy Act Notice Section 6109 of the Internal Revenue Code requires you to provide your correct TIN to persons (including federal agencies) who are required to file information returns with the IRS to report interest, dividends, or certain other income paid to you; mortgage interest you paid; the acquisition or abandonment of secured property; the cancellation of debt; or contributions you made to an IRA, Archer MSA, or HSA. The person collecting this form uses the information on the form to file information returns with the IRS, reporting the above information. Routine uses of this information include giving it to the Department of Justice for civil and criminal litigation and to cities, states, the District of Columbia, and U.S. commonwealths and possessions for use in administering their laws. The information also may be disclosed to other countries under a treaty, to federal and state agencies to enforce civil and criminal laws, or to federal law enforcement and intelligence agencies to combat terrorism. You must provide your TIN whether or not you are required to file a tax return. Under section 3406, payers must generally withhold a percentage of taxable interest, dividend, and certain other payments to a payee who does not give a TIN to the payer. Certain penalties may also apply for providing false or fraudulent information.