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Financial Assets and Liabilities (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Schedule of Fair Value Measurements Measured on a Recurring Basis
Fair value measurements for those items measured on a recurring basis are summarized below as of September 30, 2025:
 September 30, 2025
(in thousands)Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting Total Fair Value 
Assets     
Financial instruments owned, at fair value:     
Equity securities$1,649,333 $3,620,582 $— $— $5,269,915 
U.S. and Non-U.S. government obligations445,649 1,232,756 — — 1,678,405 
Corporate Bonds— 1,438,659 — — 1,438,659 
Exchange traded notes33,472 — — 33,478 
Currency forwards— 181,185 — (176,877)4,308 
Options10,222 — — — 10,222 
 $2,105,210 $6,506,654 $— $(176,877)$8,434,987 
Financial instruments owned, pledged as collateral:
Equity securities$1,514,066 $985,951 $— $— $2,500,017 
Exchange traded notes— 7,267 — — 7,267 
 $1,514,066 $993,218 $— $— $2,507,284 
Other Assets
Equity investment$— $— $88,252 $— $88,252 
Digital assets346,740 — — — 346,740 
Exchange stock929 — — — 929 
 $347,669 $— $88,252 $— $435,921 
Receivables from broker dealers and clearing organizations:
Receivables linked to digital assets$— $87,614 $— $— $87,614 
$— $87,614 $— $— $87,614 
Liabilities
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased, at fair value:
Equity securities$3,490,802 $3,414,367 $— $— $6,905,169 
U.S. and Non-U.S. government obligations438,056 1,312,324 — — 1,750,380 
Corporate Bonds— 1,617,658 — — 1,617,658 
Exchange traded notes121,651 — — 121,653 
Currency forwards— 179,075 — (179,073)
Options11,588 — — — 11,588 
 $3,940,448 $6,645,075 $— $(179,073)$10,406,450 
Payables to broker dealers and clearing organizations:
Interest rate swap$— $487 $— $— $487 
Payables linked to digital assets— 445,684 — — 445,684 
$— $446,171 $— $— $446,171 
    

Fair value measurements for those items measured on a recurring basis are summarized below as of December 31, 2024:
 December 31, 2024
(in thousands)Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting Total Fair Value 
Assets     
Financial instruments owned, at fair value:     
Equity securities$686,827 $2,471,450 $— $— $3,158,277 
U.S. and Non-U.S. government obligations348,761 908,625 — — 1,257,386 
Corporate Bonds— 967,377 — — 967,377 
Exchange traded notes885 40,602 — — 41,487 
Currency forwards— 716,970 — (676,905)40,065 
Options55,423 — — — 55,423 
$1,091,896 $5,105,024 $— $(676,905)$5,520,015 
Financial instruments owned, pledged as collateral:
Equity securities$1,639,404 $629,895 $— $— $2,269,299 
Exchange traded notes— 13,338 — — 13,338 
$1,639,404 $643,233 $— $— $2,282,637 
Other Assets
Equity investment$— $— $75,843 $— $75,843 
Digital assets81,671 — — — 81,671 
Exchange stock812 — — — 812 
$82,483 $— $75,843 $— $158,326 
Receivables from broker dealers and clearing organizations:
Receivables linked to digital Assets$— $51,595 $— $— $51,595 
$— $51,595 $— $— $51,595 
Liabilities
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased, at fair value:
Equity securities$1,837,195 $1,854,883 $— $— $3,692,078 
U.S. and Non-U.S. government obligations107,045 1,313,955 — — 1,421,000 
Corporate Bonds— 1,249,413 — — 1,249,413 
Exchange traded notes15 73,225 — — 73,240 
Currency forwards— 681,878 — (681,878)— 
Options5,240 — — — 5,240 
 $1,949,495 $5,173,354 $— $(681,878)$6,440,971 
Payables to broker dealers and clearing organizations:
Interest rate swap$— $2,572 $— $— $2,572 
Payables linked to digital assets— 134,164 — — 134,164 
$— $136,736 $— $— $136,736 
The table below summarizes financial assets and liabilities not carried at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2025:
 September 30, 2025
 Carrying Value Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical AssetsSignificant Other Observable InputsSignificant Unobservable Inputs
 (in thousands)
Fair Value(Level 1) (Level 2) (Level 3) 
Assets     
Cash and cash equivalents$707,865 $707,865 $707,865 $— $— 
Cash restricted or segregated under regulations and other47,547 47,547 47,547 — — 
Securities borrowed3,098,666 3,098,666 — 3,098,666 — 
Securities purchased under agreements to resell1,266,106 1,266,106 — 1,266,106 — 
Receivables from broker-dealers and clearing organizations2,545,715 2,545,715 — 2,545,715 — 
Receivables from customers192,463 192,463 — 192,463 — 
Other assets (1)37,796 37,796 15,229 22,567 — 
Total Assets$7,896,158 $7,896,158 $770,641 $7,125,517 $— 
Liabilities
Short-term borrowings$121,991 $125,000 $— $125,000 $— 
Long-term borrowings2,039,490 2,086,763 — 2,086,763 — 
Securities loaned2,973,523 2,973,523 — 2,973,523 — 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase1,276,677 1,276,677 — 1,276,677 — 
Payables to broker-dealers and clearing organizations1,230,845 1,230,845 — 1,230,845 — 
Payables to customers78,944 78,944 — 78,944 — 
Other liabilities (2)37,834 37,834 — 37,834 — 
Total Liabilities$7,759,304 $7,809,586 $— $7,809,586 $— 
(1) Includes cash collateral and deposits, and interest and dividends receivables.
(2) Includes deposits, interest and dividends payable.
The table below summarizes financial assets and liabilities not carried at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2024:
 December 31, 2024
 Carrying Value Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical AssetsSignificant Other Observable InputsSignificant Unobservable Inputs
 (in thousands)
Fair Value(Level 1) (Level 2) (Level 3) 
Assets     
Cash and cash equivalents$872,513 $872,513 $872,513 $— $— 
Cash restricted or segregated under regulations and other41,478 41,478 41,478 — — 
Securities borrowed2,294,529 2,294,529 — 2,294,529 — 
Securities purchased under agreements to resell983,941 983,941 — 983,941 — 
Receivables from broker-dealers and clearing organizations1,049,255 1,049,255 — 1,049,255 — 
Receivables from customers149,804 149,804 — 149,804 — 
Other assets (1)31,726 31,726 11,121 20,605 — 
Total Assets$5,423,246 $5,423,246 $925,112 $4,498,134 $— 
Liabilities
Short-term borrowings$38,541 $38,541 $— $38,541 $— 
Long-term borrowings1,740,467 1,788,719 — 1,788,719 — 
Securities loaned2,431,878 2,431,878 — 2,431,878 — 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase1,271,788 1,271,788 — 1,271,788 — 
Payables to broker-dealers and clearing organizations781,830 781,830 — 781,830 — 
Payables to customers46,112 46,112 — 46,112 — 
Other liabilities (2)26,114 26,114 — 26,114 — 
Total Liabilities$6,336,730 $6,384,982 $— $6,384,982 $— 
(1) Includes cash collateral and deposits, and interest and dividends receivables.
(2) Includes deposits, interest and dividends payable.
Schedule of Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques
The table below presents information on the valuation techniques, significant unobservable inputs and their ranges for the JNX Investment:

September 30, 2025
(in thousands)Fair ValueValuation TechniqueSignificant Unobservable InputRangeWeighted Average
Equity investment$88,252 Discounted cash flowEstimated revenue growth
1.8% - 5.0%
4.2 %
Discount rate
16.1% - 16.1%
16.1 %
MarketFuture enterprise value/ EBITDA ratio
9.5x - 20.1x
15.0x

December 31, 2024
(in thousands)Fair ValueValuation TechniqueSignificant Unobservable InputRangeWeighted Average
Equity investment$75,843 Discounted cash flowEstimated revenue growth
5.0% - 5.0%
5.0 %
Discount rate
16.4% - 16.4%
16.4 %
MarketFuture enterprise value/ EBITDA ratio
7.5x - 18.0x
13.2x
Schedule of Changes in Level 3 Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The following presents the changes in the Company’s Level 3 financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2025
(in thousands)Balance at June 30, 2025PurchasesTotal Realized and Unrealized Gains / (Losses) (1)Net Transfers into (out of) Level 3SettlementBalance at September 30, 2025Change in Net Unrealized Gains / (Losses) on Investments still held at September 30, 2025
Assets
Other assets:
Equity investment$85,990 $— $2,262 $— $— $88,252 $2,262 
Other— — — — — 
Total$85,990 $— $2,262 $— $— $88,252 $2,262 
(1) Total realized and unrealized gains/(losses) includes gains and losses due to fluctuations in currency rates as well as gains and losses recognized on changes in the fair value of the JNX Investment.
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
(in thousands)
Balance at June 30, 2024
PurchasesTotal Realized and Unrealized Gains / (Losses) (1)Net Transfers into (out of) Level 3SettlementBalance at September 30, 2024Change in Net Unrealized Gains / (Losses) on Investments still held at September 30, 2024
Assets
Other assets:
Equity investment$79,031 $— $8,567 $— $— $87,598 $8,567 
Other— — — — — — — 
Total$79,031 $— $8,567 $— $— $87,598 $8,567 
(1) Total realized and unrealized gains/(losses) includes gains and losses due to fluctuations in currency rates as well as gains and losses recognized on changes in the fair value of the JNX Investment.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025
(in thousands)Balance at December 31, 2024PurchasesTotal Realized and Unrealized Gains / (Losses) (1)Net Transfers into (out of) Level 3SettlementBalance at September 30, 2025Change in Net Unrealized Gains / (Losses) on Investments still held at September 30, 2025
Assets
Other assets:
Equity investment$75,843 $— $12,409 $— $— $88,252 $12,409 
Total$75,843 $— $12,409 $— $— $88,252 $12,409 
(1) Total realized and unrealized gains/(losses) includes gains and losses due to fluctuations in currency rates as well as gains and losses recognized on changes in the fair value of the JNX Investment.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
(in thousands)Balance at December 31, 2023PurchasesTotal Realized and Unrealized Gains / (Losses) (1)Net Transfers into (out of) Level 3SettlementBalance at September 30, 2024Change in Net Unrealized Gains / (Losses) on Investments still held at September 30, 2024
Assets
Other assets:
Equity investment$81,805 $— $5,793 $— $— $87,598 $5,793 
Total$81,805 $— $5,793 $— $— $87,598 $5,793 
(1) Total realized and unrealized gains/(losses) includes gains and losses due to fluctuations in currency rates as well as gains and losses recognized on changes in the fair value of the JNX Investment.
Schedule of Netting of Certain Financial Assets
The following tables set forth the gross and net presentation of certain financial assets and financial liabilities as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

 September 30, 2025
 Gross Amounts of Recognized AssetsAmounts Offset in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial ConditionNet Amounts of Assets Presented in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial ConditionAmounts Not Offset in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition 
 
(in thousands)Financial Instrument CollateralCounterparty Netting/ Cash CollateralNet Amount
Offsetting of Financial Assets:                        
Securities borrowed$3,098,666 $— $3,098,666 $(3,005,737)$(40,987)$51,942 
Securities purchased under agreements to resell1,266,106 — 1,266,106 (1,265,955)— 151 
Trading assets, at fair value:
Currency forwards181,185 (176,877)4,308 — — 4,308 
Options10,222 — 10,222 — (9,716)506 
Total$4,556,179 $(176,877)$4,379,302 $(4,271,692)$(50,703)$56,907 
 Gross Amounts of Recognized LiabilitiesAmounts Offset in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial ConditionNet Amounts of Liabilities Presented in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial ConditionAmounts Not Offset in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition 
  
(in thousands)
Financial Instrument Collateral
Counterparty Netting/ Cash CollateralNet Amount 
Offsetting of Financial Liabilities:                     
Securities loaned$2,973,523 $— $2,973,523 $(2,920,745)$(45,309)$7,469 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase1,276,677 — 1,276,677 (1,276,514)— 163 
Payable to broker-dealers and clearing organizations:
Interest rate swaps487 — 487 — — 487 
Trading liabilities, at fair value:
Currency forwards179,075 (179,073)— — 
Options11,588 — 11,588 — (9,716)1,872 
Total$4,441,350 $(179,073)$4,262,277 $(4,197,259)$(55,025)$9,993 

 December 31, 2024
 Gross Amounts of Recognized AssetsAmounts Offset in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial ConditionNet Amounts of Assets Presented in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial ConditionAmounts Not Offset in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
 
(in thousands)Financial Instrument CollateralCounterparty Netting/ Cash CollateralNet Amount
Offsetting of Financial Assets:                        
Securities borrowed$2,294,529 $— $2,294,529 $(2,222,054)$(39,309)$33,166 
Securities purchased under agreements to resell983,941 — 983,941 (983,753)— 188 
Trading assets, at fair value:
Currency forwards716,970 (676,905)40,065 — — 40,065 
Options55,423 — 55,423 — (55,423)— 
Total$4,050,863 $(676,905)$3,373,958 $(3,205,807)$(94,732)$73,419 
Gross Amounts of Recognized LiabilitiesAmounts Offset in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial ConditionNet Amounts of Liabilities Presented in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial ConditionAmounts Not Offset in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
(in thousands)Financial Instrument CollateralCounterparty Netting/ Cash CollateralNet Amount
Offsetting of Financial Liabilities:                     
Securities loaned$2,431,878 $— $2,431,878 $(2,375,372)$(48,545)$7,961 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase1,271,788 — 1,271,788 (1,271,573)— 215 
Payables to broker-dealers and clearing organizations:
Interest rate swaps2,572 — 2,572 — — 2,572 
Trading liabilities, at fair value:
Currency forwards681,878 (681,878)— — — — 
Options5,240 — 5,240 — (5,213)27 
Total$4,393,356 $(681,878)$3,711,478 $(3,646,945)$(53,758)$10,775 
Schedule of Netting of Certain Financial Liabilities
The following tables set forth the gross and net presentation of certain financial assets and financial liabilities as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

 September 30, 2025
 Gross Amounts of Recognized AssetsAmounts Offset in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial ConditionNet Amounts of Assets Presented in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial ConditionAmounts Not Offset in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition 
 
(in thousands)Financial Instrument CollateralCounterparty Netting/ Cash CollateralNet Amount
Offsetting of Financial Assets:                        
Securities borrowed$3,098,666 $— $3,098,666 $(3,005,737)$(40,987)$51,942 
Securities purchased under agreements to resell1,266,106 — 1,266,106 (1,265,955)— 151 
Trading assets, at fair value:
Currency forwards181,185 (176,877)4,308 — — 4,308 
Options10,222 — 10,222 — (9,716)506 
Total$4,556,179 $(176,877)$4,379,302 $(4,271,692)$(50,703)$56,907 
 Gross Amounts of Recognized LiabilitiesAmounts Offset in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial ConditionNet Amounts of Liabilities Presented in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial ConditionAmounts Not Offset in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition 
  
(in thousands)
Financial Instrument Collateral
Counterparty Netting/ Cash CollateralNet Amount 
Offsetting of Financial Liabilities:                     
Securities loaned$2,973,523 $— $2,973,523 $(2,920,745)$(45,309)$7,469 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase1,276,677 — 1,276,677 (1,276,514)— 163 
Payable to broker-dealers and clearing organizations:
Interest rate swaps487 — 487 — — 487 
Trading liabilities, at fair value:
Currency forwards179,075 (179,073)— — 
Options11,588 — 11,588 — (9,716)1,872 
Total$4,441,350 $(179,073)$4,262,277 $(4,197,259)$(55,025)$9,993 

 December 31, 2024
 Gross Amounts of Recognized AssetsAmounts Offset in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial ConditionNet Amounts of Assets Presented in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial ConditionAmounts Not Offset in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
 
(in thousands)Financial Instrument CollateralCounterparty Netting/ Cash CollateralNet Amount
Offsetting of Financial Assets:                        
Securities borrowed$2,294,529 $— $2,294,529 $(2,222,054)$(39,309)$33,166 
Securities purchased under agreements to resell983,941 — 983,941 (983,753)— 188 
Trading assets, at fair value:
Currency forwards716,970 (676,905)40,065 — — 40,065 
Options55,423 — 55,423 — (55,423)— 
Total$4,050,863 $(676,905)$3,373,958 $(3,205,807)$(94,732)$73,419 
Gross Amounts of Recognized LiabilitiesAmounts Offset in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial ConditionNet Amounts of Liabilities Presented in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial ConditionAmounts Not Offset in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
(in thousands)Financial Instrument CollateralCounterparty Netting/ Cash CollateralNet Amount
Offsetting of Financial Liabilities:                     
Securities loaned$2,431,878 $— $2,431,878 $(2,375,372)$(48,545)$7,961 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase1,271,788 — 1,271,788 (1,271,573)— 215 
Payables to broker-dealers and clearing organizations:
Interest rate swaps2,572 — 2,572 — — 2,572 
Trading liabilities, at fair value:
Currency forwards681,878 (681,878)— — — — 
Options5,240 — 5,240 — (5,213)27 
Total$4,393,356 $(681,878)$3,711,478 $(3,646,945)$(53,758)$10,775 
Schedule of Gross Obligations for Repurchase Agreement and Securities Borrowed Transactions by Remaining Contractual Maturity and Class of Collateral Pledged
The following table presents gross obligations for securities sold under agreements to repurchase and for securities lending transactions by remaining contractual maturity and the class of collateral pledged as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

 September 30, 2025
Remaining Contractual Maturity
(in thousands)Overnight and ContinuousLess than 30 days30 - 60
days
61 - 90
Days
Greater than 90
days
Total
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase:
Equity securities$— $290,000 $110,000 $50,000 $— $450,000 
U.S. and Non-U.S. government obligations826,677 — — — — 826,677 
Total$826,677 $290,000 $110,000 $50,000 $— $1,276,677 
Securities loaned:
Equity securities$2,973,523 $— $— $— $— $2,973,523 
Total$2,973,523 $— $— $— $— $2,973,523 

 December 31, 2024
 Remaining Contractual Maturity
(in thousands)Overnight and ContinuousLess than 30 days30 - 60
days
61 - 90
Days
Greater than 90
days
Total
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase:     
Equity securities$— $190,000 $185,000 $75,000 $— $450,000 
U.S. and Non-U.S. government obligations821,788 — — — — 821,788 
Total$821,788 $190,000 $185,000 $75,000 $— $1,271,788 
Securities loaned:
Equity securities$2,431,878 $— $— $— $— $2,431,878 
Total$2,431,878 $— $— $— $— $2,431,878