10-Q 1 atr-20180630x10q.htm 10-Q

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

[X]QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2018

OR

[ ]TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO

COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 1-11846

AptarGroup, Inc.

DELAWARE |  | 36-3853103
(State of Incorporation) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

265 EXCHANGE DRIVE, SUITE 100, CRYSTAL LAKE, ILLINOIS 60014

815-477-0424

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer ☑ | Accelerated filer ☐ | Non-accelerated filer ☐ | Smaller reporting company ☐ | Emerging growth company ☐
|  | (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |  |

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☑

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Class |  | Outstanding at July 25, 2018
Common Stock, $.01 par value per share |  | 62,183,164 shares

Table of Contents

AptarGroup, Inc.

Form 10-Q

Quarter Ended June 30, 2018

INDEX

Part I. | FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
Item 1. | Financial Statements (Unaudited) |
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income – Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 | 1
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income – Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 | 2
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets – June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 | 3
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity – Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 | 5
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 | 6
| Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 7
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 28
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | 42
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 42
Part II. | OTHER INFORMATION |
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 43
Item 6. | Exhibits | 44
| Signature | 45

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PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

AptarGroup, Inc.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(Unaudited)

In thousands, except per share amounts |
|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |
Net Sales |  | $ | 710,608 |  | $ | 617,746 |  | $ | 1,413,958 |  | $ | 1,219,062 |
Operating Expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of sales (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown below) |  |  | 464,244 |  |  | 399,664 |  |  | 920,066 |  |  | 784,348 |
Selling, research & development and administrative |  |  | 107,111 |  |  | 95,456 |  |  | 219,572 |  |  | 196,738 |
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 40,101 |  |  | 37,242 |  |  | 81,276 |  |  | 74,573 |
Restructuring initiatives |  |  | 18,214 |  |  | — |  |  | 24,150 |  |  | — |
|  |  | 629,670 |  |  | 532,362 |  |  | 1,245,064 |  |  | 1,055,659 |
Operating Income |  |  | 80,938 |  |  | 85,384 |  |  | 168,894 |  |  | 163,403 |
Other (Expense) Income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense |  |  | (7,964) |  |  | (7,712) |  |  | (16,019) |  |  | (15,974) |
Interest income |  |  | 2,521 |  |  | 643 |  |  | 4,769 |  |  | 973 |
Equity in results of affiliates |  |  | (20) |  |  | (22) |  |  | (85) |  |  | (70) |
Miscellaneous, net |  |  | (577) |  |  | 1,275 |  |  | (1,444) |  |  | 716 |
|  |  | (6,040) |  |  | (5,816) |  |  | (12,779) |  |  | (14,355) |
Income before Income Taxes |  |  | 74,898 |  |  | 79,568 |  |  | 156,115 |  |  | 149,048 |
Provision for Income Taxes |  |  | 19,117 |  |  | 14,379 |  |  | 41,046 |  |  | 32,054 |
Net Income |  | $ | 55,781 |  | $ | 65,189 |  | $ | 115,069 |  | $ | 116,994 |
Net (Income) Loss Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests |  | $ | (6) |  | $ | (15) |  | $ | 6 |  | $ | — |
Net Income Attributable to AptarGroup, Inc. |  | $ | 55,775 |  | $ | 65,174 |  | $ | 115,075 |  | $ | 116,994 |
Net Income Attributable to AptarGroup, Inc. per Common Share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | $ | 0.89 |  | $ | 1.04 |  | $ | 1.85 |  | $ | 1.87 |
Diluted |  | $ | 0.86 |  | $ | 1.01 |  | $ | 1.78 |  | $ | 1.81 |
Average Number of Shares Outstanding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  |  | 62,402 |  |  | 62,631 |  |  | 62,266 |  |  | 62,494 |
Diluted |  |  | 64,850 |  |  | 64,828 |  |  | 64,640 |  |  | 64,519 |
Dividends per Common Share |  | $ | 0.32 |  | $ | 0.32 |  | $ | 0.64 |  | $ | 0.64 |

See accompanying Unaudited Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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AptarGroup, Inc.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Unaudited)

In thousands |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |
Net Income |  | $ | 55,781 |  | $ | 65,189 |  | $ | 115,069 |  | $ | 116,994 |
Other Comprehensive Income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustments |  |  | (66,223) |  |  | 28,416 |  |  | (43,288) |  |  | 51,602 |
Changes in treasury locks, net of tax |  |  | 7 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 14 |  |  | 14 |
Loss on derivatives, net of tax |  |  | 1,866 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,212 |  |  | — |
Defined benefit pension plan, net of tax |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of prior service cost included in net income, net of tax |  |  | 92 |  |  | 69 |  |  | 188 |  |  | 136 |
Amortization of net loss included in net income, net of tax |  |  | 1,251 |  |  | 827 |  |  | 2,511 |  |  | 1,639 |
Total defined benefit pension plan, net of tax |  |  | 1,343 |  |  | 896 |  |  | 2,699 |  |  | 1,775 |
Total other comprehensive (loss) income |  |  | (63,007) |  |  | 29,319 |  |  | (38,363) |  |  | 53,391 |
Comprehensive (Loss) Income |  |  | (7,226) |  |  | 94,508 |  |  | 76,706 |  |  | 170,385 |
Comprehensive Loss (Income) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests |  |  | 10 |  |  | (20) |  |  | 11 |  |  | (7) |
Comprehensive (Loss) Income Attributable to AptarGroup, Inc. |  | $ | (7,216) |  | $ | 94,488 |  | $ | 76,717 |  | $ | 170,378 |

See accompanying Unaudited Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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AptarGroup, Inc.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

In thousands |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  | June 30, |  |  | December 31, |
|  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and equivalents |  | $ | 718,091 |  | $ | 712,640 |
Accounts and notes receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $2,886 in 2018 and $3,161 in 2017 |  |  | 583,496 |  |  | 510,426 |
Inventories |  |  | 343,170 |  |  | 337,216 |
Prepaid and other |  |  | 104,998 |  |  | 109,791 |
|  |  | 1,749,755 |  |  | 1,670,073 |
Property, Plant and Equipment: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Buildings and improvements |  |  | 415,403 |  |  | 416,241 |
Machinery and equipment |  |  | 2,247,733 |  |  | 2,237,655 |
|  |  | 2,663,136 |  |  | 2,653,896 |
Less: Accumulated depreciation |  |  | (1,819,229) |  |  | (1,811,819) |
|  |  | 843,907 |  |  | 842,077 |
Land |  |  | 23,629 |  |  | 25,829 |
|  |  | 867,536 |  |  | 867,906 |
Other Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments in affiliates |  |  | 19,241 |  |  | 9,444 |
Goodwill |  |  | 440,227 |  |  | 443,887 |
Intangible assets |  |  | 88,760 |  |  | 95,460 |
Miscellaneous |  |  | 56,736 |  |  | 51,053 |
|  |  | 604,964 |  |  | 599,844 |
Total Assets |  | $ | 3,222,255 |  | $ | 3,137,823 |

See accompanying Unaudited Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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AptarGroup, Inc.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

In thousands, except share and per share amounts |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  | June 30, |  |  | December 31, |
|  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Notes payable |  | $ | 6,592 |  | $ | 4,336 |
Current maturities of long-term obligations, net of unamortized debt issuance costs |  |  | 65,170 |  |  | 61,833 |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |  |  | 509,118 |  |  | 461,579 |
|  |  | 580,880 |  |  | 527,748 |
Long-Term Obligations, net of unamortized debt issuance costs |  |  | 1,182,894 |  |  | 1,191,146 |
Deferred Liabilities and Other: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred income taxes |  |  | 19,586 |  |  | 20,995 |
Retirement and deferred compensation plans |  |  | 84,741 |  |  | 80,278 |
Deferred and other non-current liabilities |  |  | 6,642 |  |  | 5,608 |
Commitments and contingencies |  |  | — |  |  | — |
|  |  | 110,969 |  |  | 106,881 |
Stockholders’ Equity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
AptarGroup, Inc. stockholders’ equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common stock, $.01 par value, 199 million shares authorized, 66.8 and 66.7 million shares issued as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively |  |  | 668 |  |  | 667 |
Capital in excess of par value |  |  | 646,449 |  |  | 609,471 |
Retained earnings |  |  | 1,328,034 |  |  | 1,301,147 |
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) |  |  | (291,660) |  |  | (253,302) |
Less: Treasury stock at cost, 4.7 and 4.9 million shares as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively |  |  | (336,278) |  |  | (346,245) |
Total AptarGroup, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity |  |  | 1,347,213 |  |  | 1,311,738 |
Noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries |  |  | 299 |  |  | 310 |
Total Stockholders’ Equity |  |  | 1,347,512 |  |  | 1,312,048 |
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity |  | $ | 3,222,255 |  | $ | 3,137,823 |

See accompanying Unaudited Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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AptarGroup, Inc.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

(Unaudited)

In thousands |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | AptarGroup, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  | Accumulated |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  | Other |  | Common |  |  |  | Capital in |  | Non- |  |  |
|  | Retained |  | Comprehensive |  | Stock |  | Treasury |  | Excess of |  | Controlling |  | Total |
|  | Earnings |  | (Loss) Income |  | Par Value |  | Stock |  | Par Value |  | Interest |  | Equity |
Balance - December 31, 2016 |  | $ | 1,197,234 |  | $ | (319,709) |  | $ | 660 |  | $ | (250,917) |  | $ | 546,682 |  | $ | 292 |  | $ | 1,174,242 |
Net income |  |  | 116,994 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 116,994 |
Foreign currency translation adjustments |  |  | — |  |  | 51,595 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7 |  |  | 51,602 |
Changes in unrecognized pension gains/losses and related amortization, net of tax |  |  | — |  |  | 1,775 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,775 |
Changes in treasury locks, net of tax |  |  | — |  |  | 14 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 14 |
Stock awards and option exercises |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10 |  |  | 19,914 |  |  | 52,279 |  |  | — |  |  | 72,203 |
Cash dividends declared on common stock |  |  | (39,932) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (39,932) |
Treasury stock purchased |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (26,728) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (26,728) |
Common stock repurchased and retired |  |  | (36,173) |  |  | — |  |  | (5) |  |  | — |  |  | (4,816) |  |  | — |  |  | (40,994) |
Balance - June 30, 2017 |  | $ | 1,238,123 |  | $ | (266,325) |  | $ | 665 |  | $ | (257,731) |  | $ | 594,145 |  | $ | 299 |  | $ | 1,309,176 |
Balance - December 31, 2017 |  | $ | 1,301,147 |  | $ | (253,302) |  | $ | 667 |  | $ | (346,245) |  | $ | 609,471 |  | $ | 310 |  | $ | 1,312,048 |
Net income |  |  | 115,075 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (6) |  |  | 115,069 |
Adoption of accounting standards |  |  | 2,937 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,937 |
Foreign currency translation adjustments |  |  | — |  |  | (43,283) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (5) |  |  | (43,288) |
Changes in unrecognized pension gains/losses and related amortization, net of tax |  |  | — |  |  | 2,699 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,699 |
Changes in treasury locks, net of tax |  |  | — |  |  | 14 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 14 |
Changes in derivative gains/losses, net of tax |  |  | — |  |  | 2,212 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,212 |
Stock awards and option exercises |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7 |  |  | 13,872 |  |  | 43,444 |  |  | — |  |  | 57,323 |
Cash dividends declared on common stock |  |  | (39,810) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (39,810) |
Treasury stock purchased |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (3,905) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (3,905) |
Common stock repurchased and retired |  |  | (51,315) |  |  | — |  |  | (6) |  |  | — |  |  | (6,466) |  |  | — |  |  | (57,787) |
Balance - June 30, 2018 |  | $ | 1,328,034 |  | $ | (291,660) |  | $ | 668 |  | $ | (336,278) |  | $ | 646,449 |  | $ | 299 |  | $ | 1,347,512 |

See accompanying Unaudited Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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AptarGroup, Inc.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

In thousands, brackets denote cash outflows |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Six Months Ended June 30, |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |
Cash Flows from Operating Activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | 115,069 |  | $ | 116,994 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation |  |  | 75,703 |  |  | 69,638 |
Amortization |  |  | 5,573 |  |  | 4,935 |
Stock-based compensation |  |  | 10,903 |  |  | 11,719 |
Provision for doubtful accounts |  |  | 196 |  |  | 49 |
Gain on disposition of fixed assets |  |  | (1,036) |  |  | (164) |
Deferred income taxes |  |  | (4,027) |  |  | 1,091 |
Defined benefit plan expense |  |  | 9,688 |  |  | 8,547 |
Equity in results of affiliates |  |  | 85 |  |  | 70 |
Changes in balance sheet items, excluding effects from foreign currency adjustments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts and other receivables |  |  | (92,388) |  |  | (45,760) |
Inventories |  |  | (30,787) |  |  | (5,971) |
Prepaid and other current assets |  |  | 4,038 |  |  | (10,602) |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |  |  | 61,727 |  |  | 29,147 |
Income taxes payable |  |  | 10,541 |  |  | (2,150) |
Retirement and deferred compensation plan liabilities |  |  | (3,356) |  |  | (22,331) |
Other changes, net |  |  | (7,420) |  |  | (6,290) |
Net Cash Provided by Operations |  |  | 154,509 |  |  | 148,922 |
Cash Flows from Investing Activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Capital expenditures |  |  | (91,753) |  |  | (66,705) |
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment |  |  | 3,961 |  |  | 978 |
Insurance proceeds |  |  | 10,631 |  |  | — |
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired |  |  | (3,510) |  |  | — |
Acquisition of intangible assets |  |  | (124) |  |  | — |
Investment in unconsolidated affiliate |  |  | (10,000) |  |  | (5,000) |
Notes receivable, net |  |  | 109 |  |  | 396 |
Net Cash Used by Investing Activities |  |  | (90,686) |  |  | (70,331) |
Cash Flows from Financing Activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds from notes payable |  |  | 8,815 |  |  | — |
Repayments of notes payable |  |  | (5,256) |  |  | — |
Proceeds and repayments of short term credit facility, net |  |  | — |  |  | (167,014) |
Proceeds from long-term obligations |  |  | 4,617 |  |  | 2,535 |
Repayments of long-term obligations |  |  | (5,403) |  |  | (4,727) |
Dividends paid |  |  | (39,810) |  |  | (39,932) |
Proceeds from stock option exercises |  |  | 46,420 |  |  | 60,484 |
Purchase of treasury stock |  |  | (3,905) |  |  | (26,728) |
Common stock repurchased and retired |  |  | (57,787) |  |  | (40,994) |
Net Cash Used by Financing Activities |  |  | (52,309) |  |  | (216,376) |
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash |  |  | (6,063) |  |  | 8,413 |
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Equivalents |  |  | 5,451 |  |  | (129,372) |
Cash and Equivalents at Beginning of Period |  |  | 712,640 |  |  | 466,287 |
Cash and Equivalents at End of Period |  | $ | 718,091 |  | $ | 336,915 |

See accompanying Unaudited Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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AptarGroup, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in Thousands, Except per Share Amounts, or as Otherwise Indicated)

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of AptarGroup, Inc. and our subsidiaries. The terms “AptarGroup”, “Aptar” or “Company” as used herein refer to AptarGroup, Inc. and our subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

In the opinion of management, the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (the “Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements”) include all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair statement of consolidated financial position, results of operations, comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for the interim periods presented. The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared by the Company, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations, although the Company believes that the disclosures made are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. Also, certain financial position data included herein was derived from the audited Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP. Accordingly, these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. The results of operations of any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year.

During the quarter ended June 30, 2018, primarily based on published estimates, which indicate that Argentina's three-year cumulative inflation rate has exceeded 100%, we concluded that Argentina has become a highly inflationary economy. Beginning July 1, 2018, we expect to apply highly inflationary accounting for our Argentinian subsidiaries. We will change the functional currency from the Argentinian peso to the U.S. dollar. Local currency monetary assets and liabilities will be remeasured into U.S. dollars using exchange rates as of the latest balance sheet date, with remeasurement adjustments and other transaction gains and losses recognized in net earnings. Our Argentinian operations contributed less than 2.0% of consolidated net revenues in the six months ended June 30, 2018.

ADOPTION OF RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

Changes to U.S. GAAP are established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) in the form of Accounting Standards Updates (ASUs) to the FASB’s Accounting Standards Codification.

In May 2014, the FASB amended the guidance for recognition of revenue from customer contracts. The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in the amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. On January 1, 2018, we adopted this standard and all the related amendments (the “new revenue standard”) for all contracts. This adoption was accounted for using the modified retrospective method. We recognized the cumulative effect of initially applying the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the January 1, 2018 opening balance of retained earnings. Comparative information for the prior periods have not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect prior to January 1, 2018.

|  |  | Balance at |  |  |  |  |  | Balance at |
|  |  | December 31, 2017 |  |  | Adjustment |  |  | January 1, 2018 |
Consolidated Balance Sheets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Inventories |  | $ | 337,216 |  | $ | (14,637) |  | $ | 322,579 |
Prepaid and other |  |  | 109,791 |  |  | 13,984 |  |  | 123,775 |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |  |  | 461,579 |  |  | (5,706) |  |  | 455,873 |
Deferred income taxes |  |  | 20,995 |  |  | 1,292 |  |  | 22,287 |
Deferred and other non-current liabilities |  |  | 5,608 |  |  | 824 |  |  | 6,432 |
Stockholders’ Equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retained earnings |  |  | 1,301,147 |  |  | 2,937 |  |  | 1,304,084 |

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A majority of our sales revenue continues to be recognized when products are shipped from our manufacturing facilities. For certain custom product and tooling sales where revenue was previously recognized when the products were shipped, we now recognize revenue over the time required to manufacture the product or build the tool in accordance with the new revenue standard. We also have certain extended warranty contracts, which under the new standard are considered a separate performance obligation and are required to be deferred and recognized into revenue over the life of the agreement.

In accordance with the new revenue standard requirements, the disclosure of the impact of adoption on our consolidated statements of income and balance sheets is as follows:

|  | For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2018 |
|  |  |  |  |  | Balances |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | Without |  |  | Effect of |
|  |  | As |  |  | Adoption of |  |  | Change |
|  |  | Reported |  |  | ASC 606 |  |  | Higher/(Lower) |
Consolidated Statements of Income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net Sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beauty + Home |  | $ | 368,536 |  | $ | 370,267 |  | $ | (1,731) |
Pharma |  |  | 241,209 |  |  | 241,311 |  |  | (102) |
Food + Beverage |  |  | 100,863 |  |  | 100,859 |  |  | 4 |
Costs and Expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of sales (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) |  |  | 464,244 |  |  | 465,343 |  |  | (1,099) |
Provision for income taxes |  |  | 19,117 |  |  | 19,347 |  |  | (230) |
Net income |  |  | 55,781 |  |  | 56,281 |  |  | (500) |

|  | For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 |
|  |  |  |  |  | Balances |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | Without |  |  | Effect of |
|  |  | As |  |  | Adoption of |  |  | Change |
|  |  | Reported |  |  | ASC 606 |  |  | Higher/(Lower) |
Consolidated Statements of Income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net Sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beauty + Home |  | $ | 746,709 |  | $ | 747,135 |  | $ | (426) |
Pharma |  |  | 471,336 |  |  | 471,773 |  |  | (437) |
Food + Beverage |  |  | 195,913 |  |  | 195,959 |  |  | (46) |
Costs and Expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of sales (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) |  |  | 920,066 |  |  | 920,243 |  |  | (177) |
Provision for income taxes |  |  | 41,046 |  |  | 41,272 |  |  | (226) |
Net income |  |  | 115,069 |  |  | 115,575 |  |  | (506) |

|  | June 30, 2018 |
|  |  |  |  |  | Balances |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | Without |  |  | Effect of |
|  |  | As |  |  | Adoption of |  |  | Change |
|  |  | Reported |  |  | ASC 606 |  |  | Higher/(Lower) |
Consolidated Balance Sheets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Inventories |  | $ | 343,170 |  | $ | 357,630 |  | $ | (14,460) |
Prepaid and other |  |  | 104,998 |  |  | 90,862 |  |  | 14,136 |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |  |  | 509,118 |  |  | 513,458 |  |  | (4,340) |
Deferred income taxes |  |  | 19,586 |  |  | 18,520 |  |  | 1,066 |
Deferred and other non-current liabilities |  |  | 6,642 |  |  | 6,123 |  |  | 519 |
Stockholders’ Equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retained earnings |  |  | 1,328,034 |  |  | 1,325,603 |  |  | 2,431 |

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In January 2016, the FASB issued guidance on the classification and measurement of financial assets and liabilities (equity securities and financial liabilities) under the fair value option and the presentation and disclosure requirements for financial instruments. Subsequent guidance was issued in February 2018 to clarify certain aspects of the guidance issued in January 2016. The guidance modifies how entities measure equity investments and present changes in the fair value of financial liabilities. Under the new guidance, entities measure equity investments that do not result in consolidation and are not accounted for under the equity method at fair value and recognize any related changes in fair value in net income unless the investments qualify for the new practicality exception. A measurement alternative exists for those equity investments that do not have a readily determinable fair value. These investments may be measured at cost less impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer. The standard also includes a new impairment model for equity investments without readily determinable fair values. The new model is a single-step model under which the Company is required to perform a qualitative assessment each reporting period to identify impairment. When a qualitative assessment indicates that an impairment exists, the Company will estimate the fair value of the investment and recognize in current earnings an impairment loss equal to the difference between the fair value and the carrying amount of the equity investment. The new standard is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company adopted the requirements of this standard during the first quarter of 2018.

In February 2016, the FASB issued new guidance to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. The new standard is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018. We continue to evaluate the impact the adoption of this standard will have on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

In August 2016, the FASB issued guidance on the classification of certain cash receipts and cash payments within the statement of cash flows. This guidance provides clarification for the following types of transactions: debt prepayment or extinguishment costs, settlement of zero-coupon debt instruments or other debt instruments with coupon rates that are insignificant in relation to the effective interest rate of the borrowing, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims, proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance, distributions received from equity method investees and beneficial interest in securitization transactions. The guidance also clarifies how the predominance principle should be applied when cash receipts and cash payments have aspects of more than one class of cash flows. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. However, early adoption was permitted and an entity that elects early adoption must adopt all of the amendments on a retrospective basis in the period of adoption. The Company adopted this standard in the fourth quarter of 2017.

In November 2016, the FASB issued guidance to address the diversity in the classification and presentation of changes in restricted cash on the statement of cash flows. The amendments in this standard require that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. The new standard is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company adopted the requirements of this standard during the first quarter of 2018 and appropriate disclosures are included on the statement of cash flows to the extent applicable.

In January 2017, the FASB issued guidance to clarify the definition of a business to assist entities in evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. The amendments in this standard provide a screen to determine when an integrated set of assets and activities (collectively referred to as a “set”) is not a business. The screen requires that when substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired (or disposed of) is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets, the set is not a business. If the screen is not met, the amendments in this update (1) require that to be considered a business, a set must include, at a minimum, an input and a substantive process that together significantly contribute to the ability to create output and (2) remove the evaluation of whether a market participant could replace missing elements. The amendments also narrow the definition of the term “output” so that the term is consistent with how outputs are described in the new guidance for revenue recognition. The new standard is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company adopted the requirements of this standard during the first quarter of 2018.

In March 2017, the FASB issued guidance to disaggregate the current service cost component from the other components of net periodic benefit costs. The service cost component should be presented within compensation costs while the other components should be presented outside of income from operations. The guidance also clarifies that only the service cost component is eligible for capitalization. The new standard is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company adopted the requirements of this standard during the first quarter of 2018 and the prior periods were restated as follows:

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|  | Original |  |  |  |  | Revised |
|  | Balance |  | Adjustment |  | Balance |
Revised Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Three Months Ended June 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of sales (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) |  | $ | 399,954 |  | $ | (290) |  | $ | 399,664 |
Selling, research & development and administrative |  |  | 95,659 |  |  | (203) |  |  | 95,456 |
Total Operating Expenses |  |  | 532,855 |  |  | (493) |  |  | 532,362 |
Operating Income |  |  | 84,891 |  |  | 493 |  |  | 85,384 |
Miscellaneous, net |  |  | 1,768 |  |  | (493) |  |  | 1,275 |
Total Other (Expense) Income |  |  | (5,323) |  |  | (493) |  |  | (5,816) |
Income before Income Taxes |  |  | 79,568 |  |  | — |  |  | 79,568 |
Six Months Ended June 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of sales (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) |  | $ | 784,886 |  | $ | (538) |  | $ | 784,348 |
Selling, research & development and administrative |  |  | 197,175 |  |  | (437) |  |  | 196,738 |
Total Operating Expenses |  |  | 1,056,634 |  |  | (975) |  |  | 1,055,659 |
Operating Income |  |  | 162,428 |  |  | 975 |  |  | 163,403 |
Miscellaneous, net |  |  | 1,691 |  |  | (975) |  |  | 716 |
Total Other (Expense) Income |  |  | (13,380) |  |  | (975) |  |  | (14,355) |
Income before Income Taxes |  |  | 149,048 |  |  | — |  |  | 149,048 |

In May 2017, the FASB issued clarification on applying the standards for stock compensation accounting. The new standard provides guidance on which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting. The new standard is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company adopted the requirements of this standard during the first quarter of 2018.

In August 2017, the FASB issued new guidance to improve the accounting for hedging activities. The guidance changes the financial reporting of hedging relationships to better portray the economic results of an entity’s risk management activities in its financial statements. In addition, the guidance makes certain targeted improvements to simplify the application of the hedge accounting guidance in current U.S. GAAP. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods within those fiscal years. However, early application is permitted in any interim period after the issuance of this guidance. The Company adopted this standard in the third quarter of 2017. See details in Note 9 – Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.

Other accounting standards that have been issued by the FASB or other standards-setting bodies did not have a material impact on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

RETIREMENT OF COMMON STOCK

During the first six months of 2018, the Company repurchased 668 thousand shares of common stock, of which 623 thousand shares were immediately retired. During the first six months of 2017, the Company repurchased 822 thousand shares of common stock, of which 512 thousand shares were immediately retired. Common stock was reduced by the number of shares retired at $0.01 par value per share. The Company allocates the excess purchase price over par value between additional paid-in capital and retained earnings.

INCOME TAXES

The Company computes taxes on income in accordance with the tax rules and regulations of the many taxing authorities where income is earned. The income tax rates imposed by these taxing authorities may vary substantially. Taxable income may differ from pre-tax income for financial accounting purposes. To the extent that these differences create temporary differences between the tax basis of an asset or liability and our reported amount in the financial statements, an appropriate provision for deferred income taxes is made.

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “TCJA”) was enacted in the United States (“U.S.”) on December 22, 2017. The TCJA lowered the corporate tax rate from 35.0% to 21.0% and imposed a one-time transition tax on unremitted earnings as of the end of 2017, and featured many other tax law provisions. New provisions for 2018 include, most notably, a tax on global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) and the base erosion anti-abuse tax (“BEAT”). The SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (“SAB 118”) to address the U.S. GAAP application of the TCJA. SAB 118 provides us up to a year to finalize accounting for the impacts of the TCJA.

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The Company estimated provisional tax amounts related to the transition tax and components of the revaluation of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the period ended December 31, 2017. We recognized a net tax charge of approximately $24.7 million, comprised of a provisional charge of $31.6 million for the transition tax and a provisional benefit of $6.8 million related to the corporate rate change. For the quarter ended June 30, 2018, the Company recorded a benefit of $3.5 million to reflect an adjustment to the calculation of the transition tax. This adjustment reflects the guidance given in Treasury Notice 2018-26, which allows for the allocation of tax expense in computing the earnings and profits as of November 2, 2017 for purposes of the transition tax. The Company expects both provisional amounts to be finalized in the second half of 2018 when the 2017 tax return is filed. The Company has elected to account for the tax on GILTI as a period cost and not as a measure of deferred taxes in the current period.

All of the Company’s non-U.S. earnings are subject to U.S. taxation, either from the TCJA transition tax on accumulated non-U.S. earnings as of the end of 2017 or the GILTI provisions on non-U.S. earnings going forward. The Company maintains its assertion that the cash and distributable reserves at its non-U.S. affiliates are indefinitely reinvested. The Company will provide for the necessary withholding and local income taxes when management decides that an affiliate should make a distribution. These decisions are made taking into consideration the financial requirements of the non-U.S. affiliates and the global cash management goals of the Company.

The Company provides a liability for the amount of unrecognized tax benefits from uncertain tax positions. This liability is provided whenever the Company determines that a tax benefit will not meet a more-likely-than-not threshold for recognition. See Note 5 - Income Taxes for more information.

NOTE 2 – REVENUE

At contract inception, Aptar assesses the goods and services promised in its contracts with customers and identifies a performance obligation for each promise to transfer a good or service (or bundle of goods or services) that is distinct. To identify the performance obligations, the Company considers all the goods or services promised in the contract, whether explicitly stated or implied based on customary business practices. For a contract that has more than one performance obligation, the Company allocates the total contract consideration to each distinct performance obligation on a relative standalone selling price basis. Revenue is recognized when (or as) the performance obligations are satisfied (i.e. when the customer obtains control of the good or service). The majority of our revenues are derived from product and tooling sales, however we also receive revenues from service, license, exclusivity and royalty arrangements, which are considered insignificant. Revenue by segment and geography for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 is as follows:

|  | For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2018 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  | Latin |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Segment |  | Europe |  | Domestic |  | America |  | Asia |  | Total |
Beauty + Home |  | $ | 207,305 |  | $ | 86,282 |  | $ | 47,319 |  | $ | 27,630 |  | $ | 368,536 |
Pharma |  |  | 183,166 |  |  | 43,274 |  |  | 6,819 |  |  | 7,950 |  |  | 241,209 |
Food + Beverage |  |  | 30,902 |  |  | 46,920 |  |  | 8,104 |  |  | 14,937 |  |  | 100,863 |
Total |  | $ | 421,373 |  | $ | 176,476 |  | $ | 62,242 |  | $ | 50,517 |  | $ | 710,608 |

|  | For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  | Latin |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Segment |  | Europe |  | Domestic |  | America |  | Asia |  | Total |
Beauty + Home |  | $ | 431,917 |  | $ | 169,356 |  | $ | 95,585 |  | $ | 49,851 |  | $ | 746,709 |
Pharma |  |  | 358,841 |  |  | 82,370 |  |  | 13,064 |  |  | 17,061 |  |  | 471,336 |
Food + Beverage |  |  | 60,713 |  |  | 95,135 |  |  | 15,867 |  |  | 24,198 |  |  | 195,913 |
Total |  | $ | 851,471 |  | $ | 346,861 |  | $ | 124,516 |  | $ | 91,110 |  | $ | 1,413,958 |

Aptar performs its obligations under a contract with a customer by transferring goods and/or services in exchange for consideration from the customer. The timing of performance will sometimes differ from the timing of the receipt of the associated consideration from the customer, thus resulting in the recognition of a contract asset or a contract liability. Aptar recognizes a contract asset when it transfers control of goods or services to a customer prior to invoicing for the related performance obligation. The contract asset is transferred to accounts receivable when the product is shipped and invoiced to the customer. Aptar recognizes a contract liability if the customer's payment of consideration precedes the entity's performance.

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The opening and closing balances of Aptar’s contract asset and contract liabilities are as follows:

|  | Balance as of |  | Balance as of |  |  |
|  | January 1, 2018 |  | June 30, 2018 |  | Increase/ |
|  | (opening) |  | (closing) |  | (Decrease) |
Contract asset (current) |  | $ | 13,984 |  | $ | 14,136 |  | $ | 152 |
Contract asset (long-term) |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |
Contract liability (current) |  | $ | 15 |  | $ | 393 |  | $ | 378 |
Contract liability (long-term) |  | $ | 824 |  | $ | 519 |  | $ | (305) |

The difference in the opening and closing balances of the Company’s contract asset and contract liabilities are primarily the result of timing differences between the Company’s performance and the customer’s payment. The amount of revenue recognized in the current period that was included in the opening contract liability balance was $89 thousand.

Determining the Transaction Price

In most cases, the transaction price for each performance obligation is stated in the contract. In determining the variable amounts of consideration within the transaction price (such as volume-based customer rebates), Aptar includes an estimate of the expected amount of consideration as revenue. The Company applies the method consistently throughout the contract when estimating the effect of an uncertainty on the amount of variable consideration to which it will be entitled. Aptar applies the expected value method based on all of the information (historical, current, and forecast) that is reasonably available and identifies reasonable estimates based on this information.

Point in Time Performance Obligations

For product and tooling sales considered to be point in time, Aptar typically assesses, among other things, the shipping terms of the contract, shipping being one of the indicators of transfer of control. For free on board (“FOB”) shipping point terms, revenue is recognized at the time of shipment. The performance obligation with respect to the sale of goods is satisfied at the time of shipment because the customer gains control at that time. Once the goods are shipped, the Company is precluded from redirecting the shipment to another customer. With respect to FOB destination sales, shipping and/or handling costs that occur before the customer obtains control of the goods are deemed to be fulfilment activities and are accounted for as fulfilment costs and revenue is recorded upon final delivery to the customer location.

Over Time Performance Obligations

For performance obligations related to manufacturing of highly customized products that have no alternative use to the Company and for which the Company has an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date, the Company transfers control and recognizes revenue over time by measuring progress towards complete satisfaction using the Output Method based on the number of products produced. For similar performance obligations related to our tooling sales, the Company transfers control and recognizes revenue over time by measuring progress towards complete satisfaction using the Input Method based on costs incurred relative to total estimated costs to completion. We believe these measurements provide a faithful depiction of the transfer of goods as the costs incurred reflect the value of the products produced.

Product Sales

Aptar primarily manufactures dispensing systems for our Beauty + Home, Pharma, and Food + Beverage customers. The amount of consideration is typically fixed for such customers. At the time of delivery, the customer is invoiced the agreed-upon price. Revenue from product sales is typically recognized upon manufacture or shipment, when control of the goods transfers to the customer.

To determine when the control transfers, Aptar typically assesses, among other things, the shipping terms of the contract, shipping being one of the indicators of transfer of control. A majority of product sales are sold FOB shipping point. For FOB shipping point shipments, control of the goods transfers to the customer at the time of shipment of the goods. Therefore, Aptar's performance obligation is satisfied at the time of shipment. Aptar has elected to account for shipping and handling costs that occur after the customer has obtained control of a good as fulfillment costs rather than as a promised service. We do not have any material significant payment terms as payment is typically received shortly after the point of sale.

There also exist instances where Aptar manufactures highly customized products that have no alternative use to Aptar and for which Aptar has an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date. For these products, the Company transfers control and recognizes revenue over time by measuring progress towards completion using the Output Method based on the number of products produced. As we normally make our products to a customer’s order, the time between production and shipment of our products is typically within a few weeks.

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As a part of its customary business practice, Aptar offers a standard warranty that the products will materially comply with the technical specifications and will be free from material defects. Because such warranties are not sold separately, and do not provide for any service beyond a guarantee of a product’s initial specifications, and are not required by law, there is no revenue deferral for these types of warranties.

Tooling Sales

Aptar also builds or contracts for molds and other tools (collectively defined as “tooling”) necessary to produce our products. As with product sales, Aptar recognizes revenue when control of the tool transfers to the customer. If the tooling is highly customized with no alternative use to Aptar and Aptar has an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date, the Company transfers control and recognizes revenue over time by measuring progress towards completion using the Input Method based on costs incurred relative to total estimated costs to completion. Otherwise, revenue for the tooling is recognized at the point in time when the customer approves the tool. We do not have any material significant payment terms as payment is typically either received during the mold-build process or shortly after completion.

In certain instances, Aptar offers extended warranties on our tools above and beyond the normal standard warranties. Aptar normally receives payment at the inception of the contract and recognizes revenue over the term of the contract. At January 1, 2018, $839 thousand of unearned revenue associated with outstanding contracts was reported in Accounts Payable and Other Liabilities. At June 30, 2018, the unearned amount was $912 thousand. We expect to recognize approximately $167 thousand of the unearned amount during the remainder of 2018, $369 thousand in 2019, and $376 thousand thereafter.

Contract Costs

Aptar does not incur material costs to obtain or fulfill revenue contracts.

Practical Expedients

Significant financing component: Aptar elected not to adjust the promised consideration for the time value of money for contracts where the difference between the time of payment and performance is one year or less.

Remaining performance obligations: Aptar elected not to disclose the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations for its contracts that are one year or less, as the revenue is expected to be recognized within the next year. In addition, the Company has elected not to disclose the expected consideration related to performance obligations where the Company recognizes revenue in the amount it has a right to invoice (e.g., usage-based pricing terms).

NOTE 3 - INVENTORIES

Inventories, by component, consisted of:

|  | June 30, |  | December 31, |
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |
Raw materials |  | $ | 107,540 |  | $ | 99,196 |
Work in process |  |  | 112,643 |  |  | 107,307 |
Finished goods |  |  | 122,987 |  |  | 130,713 |
Total |  | $ | 343,170 |  | $ | 337,216 |

NOTE 4 – GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by reporting segment since December 31, 2017 are as follows:

|  | Beauty + |  |  |  |  | Food + |  | Corporate |  |  |  |
|  | Home |  | Pharma |  | Beverage |  | & Other |  | Total |
Goodwill |  | $ | 223,947 |  | $ | 203,069 |  | $ | 16,871 |  | $ | 1,615 |  | $ | 445,502 |
Accumulated impairment losses |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,615) |  |  | (1,615) |
Balance as of December 31, 2017 |  | $ | 223,947 |  | $ | 203,069 |  | $ | 16,871 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 443,887 |
Acquisition |  |  | 5,565 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,565 |
Foreign currency exchange effects |  |  | (3,825) |  |  | (5,200) |  |  | (200) |  |  | — |  |  | (9,225) |
Goodwill |  | $ | 225,687 |  | $ | 197,869 |  | $ | 16,671 |  | $ | 1,615 |  | $ | 441,842 |
Accumulated impairment losses |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,615) |  |  | (1,615) |
Balance as of June 30, 2018 |  | $ | 225,687 |  | $ | 197,869 |  | $ | 16,671 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 440,227 |

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The table below shows a summary of intangible assets as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

|  |  |  | June 30, 2018 |  |  | December 31, 2017 |
Weighted Average |  | Gross |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Gross |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization Period |  | Carrying |  | Accumulated |  | Net |  | Carrying |  | Accumulated |  | Net |
|  | (Years) |  | Amount |  | Amortization |  | Value |  | Amount |  | Amortization |  | Value |
Amortized intangible assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Patents |  | 0.3 |  | $ | 7,689 |  | $ | (7,570) |  | $ | 119 |  | $ | 7,819 |  | $ | (7,806) |  | $ | 13 |
Acquired technology |  | 15.0 |  |  | 46,254 |  |  | (15,765) |  |  | 30,489 |  |  | 47,571 |  |  | (14,624) |  |  | 32,947 |
Customer relationships |  | 11.9 |  |  | 67,560 |  |  | (16,063) |  |  | 51,497 |  |  | 68,886 |  |  | (13,401) |  |  | 55,485 |
License agreements and other |  | 7.5 |  |  | 21,992 |  |  | (15,337) |  |  | 6,655 |  |  | 21,827 |  |  | (14,812) |  |  | 7,015 |
Total intangible assets |  | 11.6 |  | $ | 143,495 |  | $ | (54,735) |  | $ | 88,760 |  | $ | 146,103 |  | $ | (50,643) |  | $ | 95,460 |

Aggregate amortization expense for the intangible assets above for the quarters ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 was $2,754 and $2,506, respectively. Aggregate amortization expense for the intangible assets above for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 was $5,573 and $4,935, respectively.

Future estimated amortization expense for the years ending December 31 is as follows:

2018 |  | $ | 5,676 |  | (remaining estimated amortization for 2018)
2019 |  |  | 11,026 |  |
2020 |  |  | 9,901 |  |
2021 |  |  | 9,715 |  |
2022 and thereafter |  |  | 52,442 |  |

Future amortization expense may fluctuate depending on changes in foreign currency rates. The estimates for amortization expense noted above are based upon foreign exchange rates as of June 30, 2018.

NOTE 5 – INCOME TAXES

The TCJA was enacted in the U.S. on December 22, 2017. The TCJA lowered the corporate tax rate from 35.0% to 21.0%, and imposed a one-time transition tax on unremitted earnings as of the end of 2017, among other changes. New provisions for 2018 include, most notably, a tax on GILTI and BEAT. The SEC issued SAB 118 to address the U.S. GAAP application of the TCJA. SAB 118 provides us up to a year to finalize accounting for the impacts of the TCJA.

The Company estimated provisional tax amounts related to the transition tax and components of the revaluation of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the period ended December 31, 2017. We recognized a net tax charge of approximately $24.7 million, comprised of a provisional charge of $31.6 million for the transition tax and a provisional benefit of $6.8 million related to the corporate rate change. For the quarter ended June 30, 2018, the Company recorded a benefit of $3.5 million to reflect an adjustment to the calculation of the transition tax. This adjustment reflects the guidance given in Treasury Notice 2018-26, which allows for the allocation of tax expense in computing the earnings and profits as of November 2, 2017 for purposes of the transition tax. The Company expects both provisional amounts to be finalized in the second half of 2018 when the 2017 tax return is filed. The Company has elected to account for the tax on GILTI as a period cost and not as a measure of deferred taxes in the current period.

The reported effective tax rate increased to 25.5% for the quarter ended June 30, 2018 compared to 18.1% for the quarter ended June 30, 2017, resulting in an increase to the provision for income taxes of approximately $4.7 million. The current year rate includes the benefit from a true up of the provisional transition tax liability, which reduced the effective tax rate by 4.6% and was partially offset by the charges recorded in the period for the GILTI and BEAT taxes, which increased the effective tax rate by 1.3%. The tax rate for 2017 reflects larger tax benefits from employee share-based compensation, which reduced the effective tax rate by 5.2%, and a benefit from repatriation activities undertaken in 2017, which reduced the effective tax rate by 4.1%.

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The reported effective tax rate increased to 26.3% for the six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 21.5% for the six months ended June 30, 2017, resulting in an increase to the provision for income taxes of approximately $9.0 million. The 2018 rate includes the benefit from a true up of the provisional transition tax liability, which reduced the effective tax rate by 2.2% and was offset by the charges recorded in the period for the GILTI and BEAT taxes, which increased the effective tax rate by 2.9%. The tax rate for 2017 reflects larger tax benefits from employee share-based compensation, which reduced the effective tax rate by 1.4%, and a benefit from repatriation activities undertaken in 2017, which reduced the effective tax rate by 1.9%.

The Company had approximately $3.3 million and $3.1 million recorded for income tax uncertainties as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. The uncertain amounts, if recognized, that would impact the effective tax rate are $3.3 million and $3.1 million, respectively. The Company estimates that it is reasonably possible that the liability for uncertain tax positions will decrease by no more than $1.4 million in the next twelve months from the resolution of various uncertain positions as a result of the completion of tax audits, litigation and the expiration of the statute of limitations in various jurisdictions.

NOTE 6 – LONG–TERM OBLIGATIONS

During the third quarter of 2017, the Company entered into the borrowing arrangements summarized below through our wholly-owned United Kingdom (“UK”) subsidiary to better balance our capital structure.

Debt Type |  | Amount |  | Term/Maturity |  | Interest Rate |
Bank term loan |  | $ | 280,000 |  | 5 year amortizing/July 2022 |  | 2.56% floating swapped to 1.36% fixed |
Bank revolver |  | € | 150,000 |  | 5 year/July 2022 |  | 1.10% floating |
Private placement |  | € | 100,000 |  | 6 year/July 2023 |  | 0.98% fixed |
Private placement |  | € | 200,000 |  | 7 year/July 2024 |  | 1.17% fixed |

The €150 million facility is available to the Company but was undrawn as of June 30, 2018. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, the floating interest rate on the $280 million bank term loan was 3.61%.

The Company also maintains a 5-year revolving credit facility that provides for unsecured financing of up to $300 million and matures in July 2022. We had no outstanding balance under the credit facility at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

At June 30, 2018, the Company’s long-term obligations consisted of the following:

|  |  |  | Unamortized |  |  |
|  |  |  | Debt Issuance |  |  |
|  | Principal |  | Costs |  | Net |
Notes payable 0.00% – 18.00%, due in monthly and annual installments through 2025 |  | $ | 17,748 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 17,748 |
Senior unsecured notes 3.2%, due in 2022 |  |  | 75,000 |  |  | 101 |  |  | 74,899 |
Senior unsecured debts 3.6% floating, equal annual installments through 2022 |  |  | 280,000 |  |  | 617 |  |  | 279,383 |
Senior unsecured notes 3.5%, due in 2023 |  |  | 125,000 |  |  | 199 |  |  | 124,801 |
Senior unsecured notes 1.0%, due in 2023 |  |  | 116,770 |  |  | 479 |  |  | 116,291 |
Senior unsecured notes 3.4%, due in 2024 |  |  | 50,000 |  |  | 83 |  |  | 49,917 |
Senior unsecured notes 3.5%, due in 2024 |  |  | 100,000 |  |  | 199 |  |  | 99,801 |
Senior unsecured notes 1.2%, due in 2024 |  |  | 233,540 |  |  | 985 |  |  | 232,555 |
Senior unsecured notes 3.6%, due in 2025 |  |  | 125,000 |  |  | 222 |  |  | 124,778 |
Senior unsecured notes 3.6%, due in 2026 |  |  | 125,000 |  |  | 222 |  |  | 124,778 |
Capital lease obligations |  |  | 3,113 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,113 |
|  | $ | 1,251,171 |  | $ | 3,107 |  | $ | 1,248,064 |
Current maturities of long-term obligations |  |  | (65,170) |  |  | — |  |  | (65,170) |
Total long-term obligations |  | $ | 1,186,001 |  | $ | 3,107 |  | $ | 1,182,894 |

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At December 31, 2017, the Company’s long-term obligations consisted of the following:

|  |  |  | Unamortized |  |  |
|  |  |  | Debt Issuance |  |  |
|  | Principal |  | Costs |  | Net |
Notes payable 0.61% – 18.00%, due in monthly and annual installments through 2025 |  | $ | 15,349 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 15,349 |
Senior unsecured notes 3.2%, due in 2022 |  |  | 75,000 |  |  | 113 |  |  | 74,887 |
Senior unsecured debts 2.6% floating, equal annual installments through 2022 |  |  | 280,000 |  |  | 692 |  |  | 279,308 |
Senior unsecured notes 3.5%, due in 2023 |  |  | 125,000 |  |  | 217 |  |  | 124,783 |
Senior unsecured notes 1.0%, due in 2023 |  |  | 120,095 |  |  | 526 |  |  | 119,569 |
Senior unsecured notes 3.4%, due in 2024 |  |  | 50,000 |  |  | 89 |  |  | 49,911 |
Senior unsecured notes 3.5%, due in 2024 |  |  | 100,000 |  |  | 217 |  |  | 99,783 |
Senior unsecured notes 1.2%, due in 2024 |  |  | 240,190 |  |  | 1,066 |  |  | 239,124 |
Senior unsecured notes 3.6%, due in 2025 |  |  | 125,000 |  |  | 238 |  |  | 124,762 |
Senior unsecured notes 3.6%, due in 2026 |  |  | 125,000 |  |  | 238 |  |  | 124,762 |
Capital lease obligations |  |  | 741 |  |  | — |  |  | 741 |
|  | $ | 1,256,375 |  | $ | 3,396 |  | $ | 1,252,979 |
Current maturities of long-term obligations |  |  | (61,833) |  |  | — |  |  | (61,833) |
Total long-term obligations |  | $ | 1,194,542 |  | $ | 3,396 |  | $ | 1,191,146 |

Our revolving credit facility and corporate long-term obligations require us to satisfy certain financial and other covenants including:

|  | Requirement |  | Level at June 30, 2018
Consolidated Leverage Ratio (1) |  | Maximum of 3.50 to 1.00 |  | 1.15 to 1.00
Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio (1) |  | Minimum of 3.00 to 1.00 |  | 12.31 to 1.00

| (1) |  | Definitions of ratios are included as part of the revolving credit facility agreement and the private placement agreements.

Aggregate long-term maturities, excluding capital lease obligations, due annually from the current balance sheet date for the next five years are $64,108, $58,645, $58,318, $58,273, $132,551 and $876,163 thereafter.

NOTE 7 – RETIREMENT AND DEFERRED COMPENSATION PLANS

Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost:

|  | Domestic Plans |  | Foreign Plans |
Three Months Ended June 30, |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |
Service cost |  | $ | 2,844 |  | $ | 2,433 |  | $ | 1,491 |  | $ | 1,382 |
Interest cost |  |  | 1,706 |  |  | 1,757 |  |  | 457 |  |  | 438 |
Expected return on plan assets |  |  | (2,792) |  |  | (2,475) |  |  | (658) |  |  | (586) |
Amortization of net loss |  |  | 1,210 |  |  | 801 |  |  | 433 |  |  | 460 |
Amortization of prior service cost |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 125 |  |  | 98 |
Net periodic benefit cost |  | $ | 2,968 |  | $ | 2,516 |  | $ | 1,848 |  | $ | 1,792 |

|  | Domestic Plans |  | Foreign Plans |
Six Months Ended June 30, |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |
Service cost |  | $ | 5,693 |  | $ | 4,853 |  | $ | 3,022 |  | $ | 2,719 |
Interest cost |  |  | 3,426 |  |  | 3,505 |  |  | 929 |  |  | 862 |
Expected return on plan assets |  |  | (5,606) |  |  | (4,939) |  |  | (1,337) |  |  | (1,154) |
Amortization of net loss |  |  | 2,428 |  |  | 1,602 |  |  | 879 |  |  | 907 |
Amortization of prior service cost |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 254 |  |  | 192 |
Net periodic benefit cost |  | $ | 5,941 |  | $ | 5,021 |  | $ | 3,747 |  | $ | 3,526 |

The components of net periodic benefit cost, other than the service cost component, are included in the line “Miscellaneous, net” in the income statement.

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EMPLOYER CONTRIBUTIONS

The Company has no minimum funding requirement and we do not expect to make any contribution to our domestic defined benefit plans in 2018. We expect to contribute approximately $3.1 million to our foreign defined benefit plans in 2018, and as of June 30, 2018, we have contributed approximately $1.2 million of that amount.

NOTE 8 – ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income by Component:

|  | Foreign |  | Defined Benefit |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Currency |  | Pension Plans |  | Derivatives |  | Total |
Balance - December 31, 2016 |  | $ | (259,888) |  | $ | (59,775) |  | $ | (46) |  | $ | (319,709) |
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications |  |  | 51,595 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 51,595 |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income |  |  | — |  |  | 1,775 |  |  | 14 |  |  | 1,789 |
Net current-period other comprehensive income |  |  | 51,595 |  |  | 1,775 |  |  | 14 |  |  | 53,384 |
Balance - June 30, 2017 |  | $ | (208,293) |  | $ | (58,000) |  | $ | (32) |  | $ | (266,325) |
Balance - December 31, 2017 |  | $ | (185,503) |  | $ | (64,595) |  | $ | (3,204) |  | $ | (253,302) |
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications |  |  | (43,283) |  |  | — |  |  | 10,794 |  |  | (32,489) |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income |  |  | — |  |  | 2,699 |  |  | (8,568) |  |  | (5,869) |
Net current-period other comprehensive income |  |  | (43,283) |  |  | 2,699 |  |  | 2,226 |  |  | (38,358) |
Balance - June 30, 2018 |  | $ | (228,786) |  | $ | (61,896) |  | $ | (978) |  | $ | (291,660) |

Reclassifications Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income:

|  | Amount Reclassified from |  |  |
Details about Accumulated Other |  | Accumulated Other |  | Affected Line in the Statement |
Comprehensive Income Components |  | Comprehensive Income |  | Where Net Income is Presented |
Three Months Ended June 30, |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  |  |
Defined Benefit Pension Plans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of net loss |  | $ | 1,643 |  | $ | 1,261 |  | (1) |
Amortization of prior service cost |  |  | 125 |  |  | 98 |  | (1) |
|  |  | 1,768 |  |  | 1,359 |  | Total before tax |
|  |  | (425) |  |  | (463) |  | Tax benefit |
|  | $ | 1,343 |  | $ | 896 |  | Net of tax |
Derivatives |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Changes in treasury locks |  | $ | 11 |  | $ | 11 |  | Interest Expense |
Changes in cross currency swap: interest component |  |  | (1,468) |  |  | — |  | Interest Expense |
Changes in cross currency swap: foreign exchange component |  |  | (14,969) |  |  | — |  | Miscellaneous, net |
|  |  | (16,426) |  |  | 11 |  | Total before tax |
|  |  | 2,790 |  |  | (4) |  | Tax benefit |
|  | $ | (13,636) |  | $ | 7 |  | Net of tax |
Total reclassifications for the period |  | $ | (12,293) |  | $ | 903 |  |  |

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|  | Amount Reclassified from |  |  |
Details about Accumulated Other |  | Accumulated Other |  | Affected Line in the Statement |
Comprehensive Income Components |  | Comprehensive Income |  | Where Net Income is Presented |
Six Months Ended June 30, |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  |  |
Defined Benefit Pension Plans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of net loss |  | $ | 3,307 |  | $ | 2,509 |  | (1) |
Amortization of prior service cost |  |  | 254 |  |  | 192 |  | (1) |
|  |  | 3,561 |  |  | 2,701 |  | Total before tax |
|  |  | (862) |  |  | (926) |  | Tax benefit |
|  | $ | 2,699 |  | $ | 1,775 |  | Net of tax |
Derivatives |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Changes in treasury locks |  | $ | 22 |  | $ | 21 |  | Interest Expense |
Changes in cross currency swap: interest component |  |  | (2,487) |  |  | — |  | Interest Expense |
Changes in cross currency swap: foreign exchange component |  |  | (7,853) |  |  | — |  | Miscellaneous, net |
|  |  | (10,318) |  |  | 21 |  | Total before tax |
|  |  | 1,750 |  |  | (7) |  | Tax benefit |
|  | $ | (8,568) |  | $ | 14 |  | Net of tax |
Total reclassifications for the period |  | $ | (5,869) |  | $ | 1,789 |  |  |

| (1) |  | These accumulated other comprehensive income components are included in the computation of net periodic benefit costs, net of tax (see Note 7 – Retirement and Deferred Compensation Plans for additional details).

NOTE 9 – DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES

The Company maintains a foreign exchange risk management policy designed to establish a framework to protect the value of the Company’s non-functional denominated transactions from adverse changes in exchange rates. Sales of the Company’s products can be denominated in a currency different from the currency in which the related costs to produce the product are denominated. Changes in exchange rates on such inter-country sales or intercompany loans can impact the Company’s results of operations. The Company’s policy is not to engage in speculative foreign currency hedging activities, but to minimize our net foreign currency transaction exposure, defined as firm commitments and transactions recorded and denominated in currencies other than the functional currency. The Company may use foreign currency forward exchange contracts, options and cross currency swaps to economically hedge these risks.

For derivative instruments designated as hedges, the Company formally documents the nature and relationships between the hedging instruments and the hedged items, as well as the risk management objectives, strategies for undertaking the various hedge transactions, and the method of assessing hedge effectiveness at inception. Quarterly thereafter, the Company formally assesses whether the derivatives that are used in hedging transactions are highly effective in offsetting changes in the fair value or cash flows of the hedged item. Additionally, in order to designate any derivative instrument as a hedge of an anticipated transaction, the significant characteristics and expected terms of any anticipated transaction must be specifically identified, and it must be probable that the anticipated transaction will occur. All derivative financial instruments used as hedges are recorded at fair value in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (see Note 10 - Fair Value).

CASH FLOW HEDGE

For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, the changes in fair values are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss and included in changes in derivative gain/loss. The changes in the fair values of derivatives designated as cash flow hedges are reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income when the underlying hedged item is recognized in earnings. Cash flows from the settlement of derivative contracts designated as cash flow hedges offset cash flows from the underlying hedged items and are included in operating activities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

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As disclosed in Note 6 – Long-Term Obligations, our wholly-owned UK subsidiary borrowed $280 million in term loan borrowings under a new credit facility. In order to mitigate the currency risk of U.S. dollar debt on a euro functional currency entity and to mitigate the risk of variability in interest rates, we entered into a EUR/USD floating-to-fixed cross currency swap on July 20, 2017 in the notional amount of $280 million to effectively hedge the foreign exchange and interest rate exposure on the $280 million term loan. Related to this hedge, approximately $1.2 million of net after-tax loss is included in accumulated other comprehensive earnings at June 30, 2018. The amount expected to be recognized into earnings during the next 12 months related to the interest component of our cross currency swap based on prevailing foreign exchange and interest rates at June 30, 2018 is $5.1 million. The amount expected to be recognized into earnings during the next 12 months related to the foreign exchange component of our cross currency swap is dependent on fluctuations in currency exchange rates. As of June 30, 2018, the fair value of the cross currency swap was a $5.5 million liability. The swap contract expires on July 20, 2022.

HEDGE OF NET INVESTMENTS IN FOREIGN OPERATIONS

A significant number of the Company’s operations are located outside of the United States. Because of this, movements in exchange rates may have a significant impact on the translation of the financial condition and results of operations of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries. A weakening U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies has an additive translation effect on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations. Conversely, a strengthening U.S. dollar has a dilutive effect. The Company in some cases maintains debt in these subsidiaries to offset the net asset exposure. The Company does not otherwise actively manage this risk using derivative financial instruments. In the event the Company plans on a full or partial liquidation of any of our foreign subsidiaries where the Company’s net investment is likely to be monetized, the Company will consider hedging the currency exposure associated with such a transaction.

OTHER

As of June 30, 2018, the Company has recorded the fair value of foreign currency forward exchange contracts of $0.7 million in prepaid and other and $0.4 million in accounts payable and accrued liabilities on the balance sheet. All forward exchange contracts outstanding as of June 30, 2018 had an aggregate contract amount of $105.3 million.

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017

|  |  |  | June 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017 |
|  |  |  |  |  | Derivatives |  |  |  | Derivatives |
|  |  |  | Derivatives |  | not |  | Derivatives |  | not |
|  |  |  | Designated |  | Designated |  | Designated |  | Designated |
|  | Balance Sheet |  | as Hedging |  | as Hedging |  | as Hedging |  | as Hedging |
|  | Location |  | Instruments |  | Instruments |  | Instruments |  | Instruments |
Derivative Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign Exchange Contracts |  | Prepaid and other |  | $ | — |  | $ | 680 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 663 |
|  |  |  | $ | — |  | $ | 680 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 663 |
Derivative Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign Exchange Contracts |  | Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |  | $ | — |  | $ | 398 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 1,604 |
Cross Currency Swap Contract (1) |  | Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |  |  | 5,484 |  |  | — |  |  | 16,309 |  |  | — |
|  |  |  | $ | 5,484 |  | $ | 398 |  | $ | 16,309 |  | $ | 1,604 |

(1)This cross currency swap contract is composed of both an interest component and a foreign exchange component.

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The Effect of Cash Flow Hedge Accounting on Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Quarters Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017

|  |  |  |  |  | Amount of Gain (Loss) |  | Total Amount |
|  | Amount of Gain (Loss) |  | Location of (Loss) |  | Reclassified from |  | of Affected |
Derivatives in Cash |  | Recognized in |  | Gain Recognized |  | Accumulated |  | Income |
Flow Hedging |  | Other Comprehensive |  | in Income on |  | Other Comprehensive |  | Statement |
Relationships |  | Income on Derivative |  | Derivatives |  | Income on Derivative |  | Line Item |
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  |  |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  |  |
Cross currency swap contract: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest component |  | $ | 3,717 |  | $ | — |  | Interest expense |  | $ | 1,468 |  | $ | — |  | $ | (7,964) |
Foreign exchange component |  |  | 14,969 |  |  | — |  | Miscellaneous, net |  |  | 14,969 |  |  | — |  |  | (577) |
|  | $ | 18,686 |  | $ | — |  |  |  | $ | 16,437 |  | $ | — |  | $ | (8,541) |

The Effect of Cash Flow Hedge Accounting on Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017

|  |  |  |  |  | Amount of Gain (Loss) |  | Total Amount |
|  | Amount of Gain (Loss) |  | Location of (Loss) |  | Reclassified from |  | of Affected |
Derivatives in Cash |  | Recognized in |  | Gain Recognized |  | Accumulated |  | Income |
Flow Hedging |  | Other Comprehensive |  | in Income on |  | Other Comprehensive |  | Statement |
Relationships |  | Income on Derivative |  | Derivatives |  | Income on Derivative |  | Line Item |
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  |  |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  |  |
Cross currency swap contract: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest component |  | $ | 5,152 |  | $ | — |  | Interest expense |  | $ | 2,487 |  | $ | — |  | $ | (16,019) |
Foreign exchange component |  |  | 7,853 |  |  | — |  | Miscellaneous, net |  |  | 7,853 |  |  | — |  |  | (1,444) |
|  | $ | 13,005 |  | $ | — |  |  |  | $ | 10,340 |  | $ | — |  | $ | (17,463) |

The Effect of Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the Quarters Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017

|  |  |  | Amount of (Loss) Gain |
Derivatives Not Designated |  | Location of (Loss) Gain Recognized |  | Recognized in Income |
as Hedging Instruments |  | in Income on Derivatives |  | on Derivatives |
|  |  |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |
Foreign Exchange Contracts |  | Other (Expense) Income: Miscellaneous, net |  | $ | 972 |  | $ | (49,762) |
|  |  |  | $ | 972 |  | $ | (49,762) |

The Effect of Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017

|  |  |  | Amount of (Loss) Gain |
Derivatives Not Designated |  | Location of (Loss) Gain Recognized |  | Recognized in Income |
as Hedging Instruments |  | in Income on Derivatives |  | on Derivatives |
|  |  |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |
Foreign Exchange Contracts |  | Other (Expense) Income: Miscellaneous, net |  | $ | 1,113 |  | $ | (49,117) |
|  |  |  | $ | 1,113 |  | $ | (49,117) |

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|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Gross Amounts not Offset |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  | Gross Amounts |  | Net Amounts |  | in the Statement of |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  | Offset in the |  | Presented in |  | Financial Position |  |  |  |
|  | Gross |  | Statement of |  | the Statement of |  | Financial |  | Cash Collateral |  | Net |
|  | Amount |  | Financial Position |  | Financial Position |  | Instruments |  | Received |  | Amount |
Description |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
June 30, 2018 |
Derivative Assets |  | $ | 680 |  | — |  | $ | 680 |  | — |  | — |  | $ | 680 |
Total Assets |  | $ | 680 |  | — |  | $ | 680 |  | — |  | — |  | $ | 680 |
Derivative Liabilities |  | $ | 5,882 |  | — |  | $ | 5,882 |  | — |  | — |  | $ | 5,882 |
Total Liabilities |  | $ | 5,882 |  | — |  | $ | 5,882 |  | — |  | — |  | $ | 5,882 |
December 31, 2017 |
Derivative Assets |  | $ | 663 |  | — |  | $ | 663 |  | — |  | — |  | $ | 663 |
Total Assets |  | $ | 663 |  | — |  | $ | 663 |  | — |  | — |  | $ | 663 |
Derivative Liabilities |  | $ | 17,913 |  | — |  | $ | 17,913 |  | — |  | — |  | $ | 17,913 |
Total Liabilities |  | $ | 17,913 |  | — |  | $ | 17,913 |  | — |  | — |  | $ | 17,913 |

NOTE 10 – FAIR VALUE

Authoritative guidelines require the categorization of assets and liabilities into three levels based upon the assumptions (inputs) used to price the assets or liabilities. Level 1 provides the most reliable measure of fair value, whereas Level 3 generally requires significant management judgment. The three levels are defined as follows:

| · |  | Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

| · |  | Level 2: Observable inputs other than those included in Level 1. For example, quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets or quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in inactive markets.

| · |  | Level 3: Unobservable inputs reflecting management’s own assumptions about the inputs used in pricing the asset or liability.

As of June 30, 2018, the fair values of our financial assets and liabilities were categorized as follows:

|  | Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange contracts (1) |  | $ | 680 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 680 |  | $ | — |
Total assets at fair value |  | $ | 680 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 680 |  | $ | — |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange contracts (1) |  | $ | 398 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 398 |  | $ | — |
Cross currency swap contract (1) |  |  | 5,484 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,484 |  |  | — |
Total liabilities at fair value |  | $ | 5,882 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 5,882 |  | $ | — |

As of December 31, 2017, the fair values of our financial assets and liabilities were categorized as follows:

|  | Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange contracts (1) |  | $ | 663 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 663 |  | $ | — |
Total assets at fair value |  | $ | 663 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 663 |  | $ | — |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange contracts (1) |  | $ | 1,604 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 1,604 |  | $ | — |
Cross currency swap contract (1) |  |  | 16,309 |  |  | — |  |  | 16,309 |  |  | — |
Total liabilities at fair value |  | $ | 17,913 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 17,913 |  | $ | — |

| (1) |  | Market approach valuation technique based on observable market transactions of spot and forward rates.

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The carrying amounts of the Company’s other current financial instruments such as cash and equivalents, accounts and notes receivable, notes payable and current maturities of long-term obligations approximate fair value due to the short-term maturity of the instruments. The Company considers our long-term obligations a Level 2 liability and utilizes the market approach valuation technique based on interest rates that are currently available to the Company for issuance of debt with similar terms and maturities. The estimated fair value of the Company’s long-term obligations was $1.1 billion as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017. As discussed in Note 17-Acquistions, the Company has a contingent consideration obligation to the selling shareholders of Reboul SAS (“Reboul”) in connection with the Reboul Acquisition (as defined herein) based on 2018 earnings before net interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”). We consider this a Level 3 liability; however, we do not estimate any value for this obligation as of June 30, 2018.

NOTE 11 - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company, in the normal course of business, is subject to a number of lawsuits and claims both actual and potential in nature. While management believes the resolution of these claims and lawsuits will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations or cash flows, claims and legal proceedings are subject to inherent uncertainties, and unfavorable outcomes could occur and could include amounts in excess of any accruals which management has established. Were such unfavorable final outcomes to occur, it is possible that they could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

Under our Certificate of Incorporation, the Company has agreed to indemnify our officers and directors for certain events or occurrences while the officer or director is, or was, serving at our request in such capacity. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these indemnification agreements is unlimited; however, the Company has a directors and officers liability insurance policy that covers a portion of our exposure. As a result of our insurance policy coverage, the Company believes the estimated fair value of these indemnification agreements is minimal. The Company has no liabilities recorded for these agreements as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

An environmental investigation, undertaken to assess areas of possible contamination, was completed at the Company’s facility in Jundiaí, São Paulo, Brazil. The facility is primarily an internal supplier of anodized aluminum components for certain of our dispensing systems. The testing indicated that soil and groundwater in certain areas of the facility were impacted above acceptable levels established by local regulations. In March 2017, the Company reported the findings to the relevant environmental authority, the Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo (“CETESB”). The Company is currently assessing the affected areas to determine the full extent of the impact and the scope of any required remediation. Initial costs for further investigation and possible remediation, which are based on assumptions about the area of impact and customary remediation costs, are estimated to be in the range of $1.5 million to $3.0 million. The range of possible loss associated with this environmental contingency is subject to considerable uncertainty due to the incomplete status of the investigation and ongoing review of the CETESB. We will continue to evaluate the range of likely costs as the investigation proceeds and we have further clarity on the nature and extent of remediation that will be required. We note that the contamination, or any failure to complete any required remediation in a timely manner, could potentially result in fines or penalties. We accrued $1.5 million (operating expense) in the first quarter of 2017 relating to this contingency. The amount is periodically reviewed, and adjusted as necessary, as the matter continues to evolve. Based on the current status of the investigation, no adjustment to the accrual was necessary for the quarter ended June 30, 2018. Also, during the quarter ended June 30, 2018, the Company recorded a $750 thousand accrual for a potential environmental matter at a U.S. manufacturing site. As it is a new matter, this amount represents our best estimate of the probable loss given the information currently available. We will continue to monitor this matter and update the accrual amount as necessary.

NOTE 12 – STOCK REPURCHASE PROGRAM

On October 20, 2016, the Company announced a share repurchase authorization of up to $350 million of common stock. This authorization replaces previous authorizations and has no expiration date. Aptar may repurchase shares through the open market, privately negotiated transactions or other programs, subject to market conditions.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company repurchased approximately 480 thousand and 668 thousand shares for approximately $45.0 million and $61.7 million, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company repurchased approximately 613 thousand and 822 thousand shares for approximately $51.7 million and $67.7 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2018, there was $80.2 million of authorized share repurchases available to the Company.

NOTE 13 – STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

The Company issues stock options and restricted stock units (“RSUs”), which consist of time-based and performance-based awards, to employees under stock awards plans approved by stockholders. In addition, RSUs are issued to non-employee directors under a Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for Directors pursuant to the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan. Previously, non-employee directors were issued stock options under a Director Stock Option Plan. Stock options are awarded with the exercise price equal to the market price on the date of grant and generally vest over three years and expire 10 years after grant.

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RSUs granted to employees vest according to a specified performance period and/or vesting period. Time-based RSUs generally vest over three years. Performance-based RSUs vest at the end of the specified performance period, generally three years, assuming required performance or market vesting conditions are met. Performance-based RSUs have one of two vesting conditions: 1) based on Aptar’s internal financial performance metrics and 2) based on Aptar’s total shareholder return (“TSR”) relative to total shareholder returns of an industrial peer group, subject to discretion if the overall TSR is negative at the conclusion of the performance period. At the time of vesting, Aptar will issue or cause to be issued in the employee’s name the vested shares of common stock. In addition, RSU awards are generally net settled (shares are withheld to cover the employee tax obligation). Director RSUs are only time-based, and generally vest over one year.

Compensation expense attributable to employee stock options for the first six months of 2018 was approximately $7.1 million ($5.4 million after tax). The income tax benefit related to this compensation expense was approximately $1.7 million. Approximately $5.7 million of the compensation expense was recorded in selling, research & development and administrative expenses and the balance was recorded in cost of sales. Compensation expense attributable to stock options for the first six months of 2017 was approximately $9.9 million ($6.7 million after tax). The income tax benefit related to this compensation expense was approximately $3.2 million. Approximately $8.7 million of the compensation expense was recorded in selling, research & development and administrative expenses and the balance was recorded in cost of sales.

The Company uses historical data to estimate expected life and volatility. The weighted-average fair value of stock options granted under the Stock Awards Plans was $14.82 and $11.86 per share during the first six months of 2018 and 2017, respectively. These values were estimated on the respective grant dates using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:

Stock Awards Plans: |  |  |  |  |
Six Months Ended June 30, |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |
Dividend Yield |  | 1.5 | % | 1.7 | %
Expected Stock Price Volatility |  | 14.2 | % | 15.8 | %
Risk-free Interest Rate |  | 2.8 | % | 2.2 | %
Expected Life of Option (years) |  | 6.6 |  | 6.7 |

A summary of option activity under the Company’s stock plans during the six months ended June 30, 2018 is presented below:

|  | Stock Awards Plans |  | Director Stock Option Plans |
|  |  |  |  | Weighted Average |  |  |  | Weighted Average |
|  |  | Options |  | Exercise Price |  | Options |  | Exercise Price |
Outstanding, January 1, 2018 |  |  | 8,059,319 |  | $ | 61.67 |  | 214,967 |  | $ | 57.44 |
Granted |  |  | 603,901 |  |  | 88.39 |  | — |  |  | — |
Exercised |  |  | (829,617) |  |  | 53.07 |  | (44,000) |  |  | 53.35 |
Forfeited or expired |  |  | (112,768) |  |  | 72.32 |  | — |  |  | — |
Outstanding at June 30, 2018 |  |  | 7,720,835 |  | $ | 64.53 |  | 170,967 |  | $ | 58.49 |
Exercisable at June 30, 2018 |  |  | 5,723,152 |  | $ | 59.78 |  | 170,967 |  | $ | 58.49 |
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding at June 30, 2018 |  |  | 6.1 |  |  |  |  | 4.7 |  |  |  |
Exercisable at June 30, 2018 |  |  | 5.3 |  |  |  |  | 4.7 |  |  |  |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding at June 30, 2018 |  | $ | 222,765 |  |  |  | $ | 5,964 |  |  |  |
Exercisable at June 30, 2018 |  | $ | 192,316 |  |  |  | $ | 5,964 |  |  |  |
Intrinsic Value of Options Exercised During the Six Months Ended: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
June 30, 2018 |  | $ | 31,307 |  |  |  | $ | 1,608 |  |  |  |
June 30, 2017 |  | $ | 41,030 |  |  |  | $ | 3,441 |  |  |  |

The grant date fair value of options vested during the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 was $16.5 million and $16.9 million, respectively. Cash received from option exercises was approximately $46.4 million and the actual tax benefit realized for the tax deduction from option exercises was approximately $8.1 million in the six months ended June 30, 2018. As of June 30, 2018, the remaining valuation of stock option awards to be expensed in future periods was $13.9 million and the related weighted-average period over which it is expected to be recognized is 2.1 years.

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The fair value of both time-based RSUs and performance-based RSUs pertaining to internal performance metrics is determined using the closing price of our common stock on the grant date. The fair value of performance-based RSUs pertaining to TSR is estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation. Inputs and assumptions used to calculate the fair value are shown in the table below. The fair value of these RSUs is expensed over the vesting period using the straight-line method or using the graded vesting method when an employee becomes eligible to retain the award at retirement.

Six Months Ended June 30, |  |  | 2018 |
Fair value per stock award |  | $ | 134.09 |
Measurement date stock price |  | $ | 93.38 |
Assumptions: |  |  |  |
Aptar's stock price expected volatility |  |  | 12.00 | %
Expected average volatility of peer companies |  |  | 27.40 | %
Correlation assumption |  |  | 20.10 | %
Risk-free interest rate |  |  | 2.58 | %
Dividend yield assumption |  |  | 1.37 | %

A summary of RSU activity as of June 30, 2018, and changes during the six month period then ended, is presented below:

|  | Time-Based RSUs |  | Performance-Based RSUs |
|  |  |  | Weighted Average |  |  |  | Weighted Average |
|  | Units |  | Grant-Date Fair Value |  | Units |  | Grant-Date Fair Value |
Nonvested at January 1, 2018 |  | 124,067 |  | $ | 74.65 |  | — |  | $ | — |
Granted |  | 94,324 |  |  | 89.89 |  | 80,843 |  |  | 111.55 |
Vested |  | (33,182) |  |  | 75.77 |  | — |  |  | — |
Forfeited |  | (4,053) |  |  | 87.54 |  | (3,184) |  |  | 111.55 |
Nonvested at June 30, 2018 |  | 181,156 |  | $ | 82.09 |  | 77,659 |  | $ | 111.55 |

Included in the June 30, 2018 time-based RSUs are 14,257 units awarded to non-employee directors and 14,793 units vested related to non-employee directors.

Compensation expense recorded attributable to RSUs for the first six months of 2018 and 2017 was approximately $3.8 million and $1.8 million, respectively. The actual tax benefit realized for the tax deduction from RSUs was approximately $703 thousand in the six months ended June 30, 2018. The fair value of units vested during the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 was $2.5 million and $4.0 million, respectively. The intrinsic value of units vested during the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 was $3.0 million and $4.3 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2018, there was $21.8 million of total unrecognized compensation cost relating to RSU awards which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.7 years.

The Company has a long-term incentive program for certain employees. Each award is based on the cumulative TSR of our common stock during a three-year performance period compared to a peer group. The total expected expense related to this program for awards outstanding as of June 30, 2018 is approximately $2.3 million, of which $136 thousand and $1.5 million was recognized in the first six months of 2018 and 2017, respectively.

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NOTE 14 – EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic net income per share is calculated by dividing net income attributable to Aptar by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share is calculated by dividing the net income attributable to Aptar by the weighted-average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding during the applicable period. The difference between basic and diluted earnings per share is attributable to stock-based compensation awards. Stock-based compensation awards for which total employee proceeds exceed the average market price over the applicable period would have an antidilutive effect on earnings per share, and accordingly, are excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share. The reconciliation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 is as follows:

|  | Three Months Ended |
|  | June 30, 2018 |  | June 30, 2017 |
|  | Diluted |  | Basic |  | Diluted |  | Basic |
Consolidated operations |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income available to common stockholders |  | $ | 55,775 |  | $ | 55,775 |  | $ | 65,174 |  | $ | 65,174 |
Average equivalent shares |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Shares of common stock |  |  | 62,402 |  |  | 62,402 |  |  | 62,631 |  |  | 62,631 |
Effect of dilutive stock based compensation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stock options |  |  | 2,358 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,144 |  |  | — |
Restricted stock |  |  | 90 |  |  | — |  |  | 53 |  |  | — |
Total average equivalent shares |  |  | 64,850 |  |  | 62,402 |  |  | 64,828 |  |  | 62,631 |
Net income per share |  | $ | 0.86 |  | $ | 0.89 |  | $ | 1.01 |  | $ | 1.04 |

|  | Six Months Ended |
|  | June 30, 2018 |  | June 30, 2017 |
|  | Diluted |  | Basic |  | Diluted |  | Basic |
Consolidated operations |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income available to common stockholders |  | $ | 115,075 |  | $ | 115,075 |  | $ | 116,994 |  | $ | 116,994 |
Average equivalent shares |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Shares of common stock |  |  | 62,266 |  |  | 62,266 |  |  | 62,494 |  |  | 62,494 |
Effect of dilutive stock-based compensation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stock options |  |  | 2,293 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,973 |  |  | — |
Restricted stock |  |  | 81 |  |  | — |  |  | 52 |  |  | — |
Total average equivalent shares |  |  | 64,640 |  |  | 62,266 |  |  | 64,519 |  |  | 62,494 |
Net income per share |  | $ | 1.78 |  | $ | 1.85 |  | $ | 1.81 |  | $ | 1.87 |

NOTE 15 – SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company is organized into three reporting segments. Operations that sell dispensing systems and sealing solutions primarily to the personal care, beauty and home care markets form the Beauty + Home segment. Operations that sell dispensing systems and sealing solutions primarily to the prescription drug, consumer health care and injectables markets form the Pharma segment. Operations that sell dispensing systems and sealing solutions primarily to the food and beverage markets form the Food + Beverage segment. The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. In order to more closely align with how the markets analyze our segment results, we have changed our non-U.S. GAAP segment measure of profitability from Segment Income to Adjusted EBITDA beginning in 2018. All internal segment reporting and discussions of results with our Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) are now based on segment Adjusted EBITDA. All references to segment profitability have been updated for this change.

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Financial information regarding the Company’s reporting segments is shown below:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
| 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |
Total Sales: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beauty + Home | $ | 374,161 |  | $ | 327,475 |  | $ | 757,624 |  | $ | 654,408 |
Pharma |  | 241,282 |  |  | 201,703 |  |  | 471,414 |  |  | 398,617 |
Food + Beverage |  | 101,420 |  |  | 94,958 |  |  | 197,065 |  |  | 177,307 |
Total Sales |  | 716,863 |  |  | 624,136 |  |  | 1,426,103 |  |  | 1,230,332 |
Less: Intersegment Sales: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beauty + Home | $ | 5,625 |  | $ | 5,358 |  | $ | 10,915 |  | $ | 9,843 |
Pharma |  | 73 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 78 |  |  | 3 |
Food + Beverage |  | 557 |  |  | 1,031 |  |  | 1,152 |  |  | 1,424 |
Total Intersegment Sales | $ | 6,255 |  | $ | 6,390 |  | $ | 12,145 |  | $ | 11,270 |
Net Sales: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beauty + Home | $ | 368,536 |  | $ | 322,117 |  | $ | 746,709 |  | $ | 644,565 |
Pharma |  | 241,209 |  |  | 201,702 |  |  | 471,336 |  |  | 398,614 |
Food + Beverage |  | 100,863 |  |  | 93,927 |  |  | 195,913 |  |  | 175,883 |
Net Sales | $ | 710,608 |  | $ | 617,746 |  | $ | 1,413,958 |  | $ | 1,219,062 |
Adjusted EBITDA (1): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beauty + Home | $ | 45,846 |  | $ | 44,550 |  | $ | 98,981 |  | $ | 86,638 |
Pharma |  | 86,353 |  |  | 69,649 |  |  | 166,193 |  |  | 138,490 |
Food + Beverage |  | 18,063 |  |  | 18,694 |  |  | 30,802 |  |  | 31,640 |
Corporate & Other, unallocated |  | (9,043) |  |  | (9,014) |  |  | (20,622) |  |  | (18,146) |
Acquisition related costs (2) |  | (2,563) |  |  | — |  |  | (2,563) |  |  | — |
Restructuring Initiatives (3) |  | (18,214) |  |  | — |  |  | (24,150) |  |  | — |
Depreciation and amortization |  | (40,101) |  |  | (37,242) |  |  | (81,276) |  |  | (74,573) |
Interest Expense |  | (7,964) |  |  | (7,712) |  |  | (16,019) |  |  | (15,974) |
Interest Income |  | 2,521 |  |  | 643 |  |  | 4,769 |  |  | 973 |
Income before Income Taxes | $ | 74,898 |  | $ | 79,568 |  | $ | 156,115 |  | $ | 149,048 |

| (1) |  | The Company evaluates performance of our business units and allocates resources based upon Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as earnings before net interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, unallocated corporate expenses, restructuring and transaction costs.

| (2) |  | Acquisition-related costs include transaction costs and purchase accounting adjustments related to inventory for acquisitions (see Note 17 – Acquisitions for further details).

| (3) |  | Restructuring Initiatives includes expense items for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 as follows (see Note 18 – Restructuring Initiatives for further details):

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |
Business Transformation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Employee Severance and Other Costs |  | $ | 18,214 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 24,150 |  | $ | — |
Total Restructuring Initiatives |  | $ | 18,214 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 24,150 |  | $ | — |
Restructuring Initiatives by Segment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beauty + Home |  | $ | 14,631 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 19,647 |  | $ | — |
Pharma |  |  | 1,224 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,588 |  |  | — |
Food + Beverage |  |  | 1,354 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,669 |  |  | — |
Corporate & Other |  |  | 1,005 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,246 |  |  | — |
Total Restructuring Initiatives |  | $ | 18,214 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 24,150 |  | $ | — |

Note 16 – INSURANCE SETTLEMENT RECEIVABLE

A fire caused damage to Aptar’s facility in Annecy, France in June 2016. The fire was contained to one of three production units and there were no reported injuries. Aptar Annecy supplies anodized aluminum components for certain Aptar dispensing systems. While repairs are underway, Aptar sources from its network of suppliers as well as from its anodizing facility in Brazil. The Company is insured for the damages caused by the fire, including business interruption insurance, and it does not expect this incident to have a material impact on its financial results.

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Losses related to the fire of $6.1 million and $12.0 million were incurred during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively. Losses related to the fire of $5.0 million and $9.9 million were incurred during the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, we received insurance proceeds of $22.5 million, and have no insurance receivable as of June 30, 2018. In many cases, our insurance coverage exceeds the amount of these recognized losses. However, no gain contingencies were recognized during the three or six months ended June 30, 2018 as our ability to realize those gains remains uncertain. Profitability was negatively impacted by $2.5 million and $4.0 million related to the Annecy fire during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively. Profitability was negatively impacted by $1.4 million and $2.7 million related to the Annecy fire during the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively. These costs are included in the Beauty + Home segment.

NOTE 17 – ACQUISITIONS

On July 26, 2018, the Company announced it has made a binding offer to acquire CSP Technologies S.à r.l. (“CSP Technologies”). Further information about this transaction can be found in Note 19 – Subsequent Events.

On May 1, 2018, the Company acquired 100% of the common stock of Reboul, a French manufacturer specializing in stamping, decorating and assembling metal and plastic packaging for the cosmetics and luxury markets, for an initial purchase price of approximately $3.6 million (exclusive of $112 thousand of cash acquired) (the “Reboul Acquisition”). The results of Reboul’s operations have been included in the consolidated financial statements within our Beauty + Home segment since the date of acquisition. The Company is in the process of finalizing purchase accounting. As part of the Reboul Acquisition, we may be obligated to pay to the selling shareholders of Reboul certain contingent consideration based on 2018 EBITDA as defined in the purchase agreement. Based on projections as of acquisition date, we estimated the aggregate fair value for this contingent consideration arrangement to be zero.

In May 2018, the Company invested $10.0 million in preferred equity stock of Reciprocal Labs Corporation, doing business as Propeller Health, which is accounted for at cost, consistent with measurement alternative guidance described in Note 1 above. There were no indications of impairment nor were there any changes resulting from observable price changes noted in the three months ended June 30, 2018.

In February 2017, the Company acquired a 20% minority investment in Kali Care, Inc. (“Kali Care”) for $5.0 million. Kali Care is a Silicon Valley-based technology company that provides digital monitoring systems for ophthalmic medication. Kali Care’s sensing technology allows clinicians to collect real-time compliance data, and is a powerful tool for ophthalmologists in managing the care of their patients, and represents an additional investment into connected devices for our Pharma applications. This investment is being accounted for under the equity method of accounting from the date of acquisition.

NOTE 18 – RESTRUCTURING INITIATIVES

In late 2017, Aptar began a business transformation to drive profitable sales growth, increase operational excellence, enhance our approach to innovation and improve organizational effectiveness. The primary focus of the plan is the Beauty + Home segment; however, certain global general and administrative functions will also be addressed. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, we recognized $18.2 million and $24.2 million of restructuring costs related to this plan, respectively. We estimate total implementation costs of approximately $90 million over the next three years. We also anticipate making capital investments related to the business transformation of approximately $45 million of which the majority will be in 2018.

As of June 30, 2018 we have recorded the following activity associated with the business transformation:

|  | Beginning |  | Net Charges for |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Ending |
|  | Reserve at |  | the Six Months |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Reserve at |
|  | 12/31/2017 |  | Ended 6/30/2018 |  | Cash Paid |  | FX Impact |  | 6/30/2018 |
Employee severance |  | $ | 2,258 |  | $ | 998 |  | $ | (1,367) |  | $ | (62) |  | $ | 1,827 |
Other costs |  |  | — |  |  | 23,152 |  |  | (8,731) |  |  | (92) |  |  | 14,329 |
Totals |  | $ | 2,258 |  | $ | 24,150 |  | $ | (10,098) |  | $ | (154) |  | $ | 16,156 |

NOTE 19 – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On July 26, 2018, the Company announced it has made a binding offer to acquire CSP Technologies, a leader in active packaging technology based on proprietary material science expertise, for an enterprise value of $555 million. The Company expects to enter into a definitive stock purchase agreement with CSP Technologies upon completion of the consultation process with CSP Technologies’ works council in France. The purchase will be funded with available cash on hand. The proposed transaction, which has been approved by the Company’s Board of Directors, will be subject to customary closing conditions, including regulatory approvals, and is expected to close in the fourth quarter of this year. For the quarter ended June 30, 2018, we recognized $1.9 million in transaction costs related to the binding offer. These costs are reflected in the selling, research & development and administrative line of the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS, OR AS OTHERWISE INDICATED)

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |  |
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |
Net sales |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | 100.0 | % |  | 100.0 | % |  | 100.0 | % |
Cost of sales (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown below) |  |  | 65.3 |  |  | 64.7 |  |  | 65.1 |  |  | 64.4 |  |
Selling, research & development and administrative |  |  | 15.1 |  |  | 15.5 |  |  | 15.5 |  |  | 16.1 |  |
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 5.6 |  |  | 6.0 |  |  | 5.8 |  |  | 6.1 |  |
Restructuring initiatives |  |  | 2.6 |  |  | — |  |  | 1.7 |  |  | — |  |
Operating income |  |  | 11.4 |  |  | 13.8 |  |  | 11.9 |  |  | 13.4 |  |
Other expense |  |  | (0.9) |  |  | (0.9) |  |  | (0.9) |  |  | (1.2) |  |
Income before income taxes |  |  | 10.5 |  |  | 12.9 |  |  | 11.0 |  |  | 12.2 |  |
Net Income |  |  | 7.8 |  |  | 10.6 |  |  | 8.1 |  |  | 9.6 |  |
Effective tax rate |  |  | 25.5 | % |  | 18.1 | % |  | 26.3 | % |  | 21.5 | % |
Adjusted EBITDA margin (1) |  |  | 19.9 | % |  | 20.1 | % |  | 19.5 | % |  | 19.6 | % |

| (1) |  | Adjusted EBITDA margins are calculated as Adjusted EBITDA divided by Reported Net Sales. See the reconciliation of non-U.S. GAAP measures starting on page 34.

NET SALES

We reported net sales of $710.6 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2018, which represents a 15% increase compared to $617.7 million reported during the second quarter of 2017. The average U.S. dollar exchange rate strengthened compared to most major currencies, but weakened compared to the euro and British pound, resulting in a net positive currency translation impact of 4%. Therefore, core sales, which exclude changes in foreign currency rates, increased by 11% in the second quarter of 2018 compared to the second quarter of 2017. The core sales growth reflected increased demand for products across all three of our reporting segments. Tooling sales also increased $15.4 million during the quarter ended June 30, 2018 compared to the prior year with all three segments participating in the increases.

Second Quarter 2018 |  | Beauty |  |  |  | Food + |  |  |
Net Sales Change over Prior Year |  | + Home |  | Pharma |  | Beverage |  | Total |
Core Sales Growth |  | 10 | % | 14 | % | 5 | % | 11 | %
Acquisitions |  | 1 | % | — | % | — | % | — | %
Currency Effects (1) |  | 3 | % | 6 | % | 2 | % | 4 | %
Total Reported Net Sales Growth |  | 14 | % | 20 | % | 7 | % | 15 | %

| (1) |  | Currency effects are calculated by translating last year’s amounts at this year’s foreign exchange rates.

For the first six months of 2018, we reported net sales of $1.41 billion, 16% above the first six months of 2017 reported net sales of $1.22 billion. The average U.S. dollar exchange rate weakened compared to the euro while the impact of several other major currencies on our business was mixed. This resulted in a positive currency translation impact of 7%. Therefore, core sales for the first six months of 2018 increased 9% compared to the first six months of 2017 as all three segments reported strong growth over the first six months of 2017. Core sales were also positively impacted by higher tooling sales of $15.7 million for the first six months of 2018 compared to the prior year.

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First Six Months of 2018 |  | Beauty |  |  |  | Food + |  |  |
Net Sales Change over Prior Year |  | + Home |  | Pharma |  | Beverage |  | Total |
Core Sales Growth |  | 9 | % | 10 | % | 7 | % | 9 | %
Acquisitions |  | — | % | — | % | — | % | — | %
Currency Effects (1) |  | 7 | % | 8 | % | 4 | % | 7 | %
Total Reported Net Sales Growth |  | 16 | % | 18 | % | 11 | % | 16 | %

| (1) |  | Currency effects are calculated by translating last year’s amounts at this year’s foreign exchange rates.

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, net sales by geographic location:

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2018 |  | % of Total |  | 2017 |  | % of Total |  | 2018 |  | % of Total |  | 2017 |  | % of Total |
Domestic |  | $ | 176,476 |  | 25% |  | $ | 161,309 |  | 26% |  | $ | 346,861 |  | 25% |  | $ | 320,639 |  | 26% |
Europe |  |  | 421,373 |  | 59% |  |  | 356,713 |  | 58% |  |  | 851,471 |  | 60% |  |  | 707,210 |  | 58% |
Latin America |  |  | 62,242 |  | 9% |  |  | 57,804 |  | 9% |  |  | 124,516 |  | 9% |  |  | 111,408 |  | 9% |
Asia |  |  | 50,517 |  | 7% |  |  | 41,920 |  | 7% |  |  | 91,110 |  | 6% |  |  | 79,805 |  | 7% |

For further discussion on net sales by reporting segment, please refer to the analysis of segment net sales and segment Adjusted EBITDA on the following pages.

COST OF SALES (EXCLUSIVE OF DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION SHOWN BELOW)

Our cost of sales (“COS”) as a percent of net sales increased to 65.3% in the second quarter of 2018 compared to 64.7% in the second quarter of 2017. Our COS percentage was negatively impacted by higher material costs. While the majority of our material cost increases can be passed along to our customers in our selling prices, we experience a lag in the timing of passing on these cost increases. We also have a higher COS percentage due to the mix of sales. Historically, our tooling sales margins are lower than our product sales margins. Therefore, the increase in tooling sales during the second quarter of 2018 negatively impacts our COS percentage. Finally, the incremental business from our Reboul acquisition reported higher COS percentage than our core business, in part due to the effects of purchase accounting adjustments related to inventory, which further negatively impacted our overall COS percentage.

Cost of sales as a percent of net sales increased to 65.1% in the first six months of 2018 compared to 64.4% in the same period a year ago. As mentioned above, our COS percentage was negatively impacted by the timing delay of resin pass-throughs to our customers along with other material increases. We also reported a higher COS percentage due to the increase in lower-margin tooling sales and some operational inefficiencies including, but not limited to start-up costs in our French anodizing facility during the first six months of 2018 compared to the first six months of 2017.

SELLING, RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT AND ADMINISTRATIVE

Our selling, research & development and administrative expenses (“SG&A”) increased by approximately $11.7 million to $107.1 million in the second quarter of 2018 compared to $95.4 million during the same period in 2017. Excluding changes in foreign currency rates, SG&A increased by approximately $8.3 million in the quarter. The increase is mainly due to the increases in professional fees and higher personnel costs in accordance with our growth strategy. In addition, we recognized approximately $2.4 million of transaction costs related to our acquisitions during the second quarter of 2018. Although SG&A increased in amount, SG&A as a percentage of net sales decreased to 15.1% compared to 15.5% in the same period of the prior year due to the strong increase in sales.

SG&A increased by $22.9 million to $219.6 million in the first six months of 2018 compared to $196.7 million during the same period a year ago. Excluding changes in foreign currency rates, SG&A increased by approximately $11.0 million in the first six months of 2018 compared to the first six months of 2017. As discussed above, the increase is related to higher professional fees, personnel and acquisition-related costs. During 2018, we recognized approximately $0.9 million of costs related to the write-down of an administrative building that is being held for sale, while in 2017 we recognized $1.5 million for the estimated costs to remediate environmental contamination found at the Company’s facility in Brazil. Although SG&A increased in amount, SG&A as a percentage of net sales decreased to 15.5% compared to 16.1% in the same period of the prior year due to the strong increase in sales.

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DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION

Reported depreciation and amortization expenses increased by approximately $2.9 million in the second quarter of 2018 compared to the same period a year ago. Excluding changes in foreign currency rates, depreciation and amortization increased by approximately $1.1 million in the quarter compared to the same period a year ago. This increase is mainly due to increased capital spending in the current year to support the growth in our business. Depreciation and amortization as a percentage of net sales decreased to 5.6% in the second quarter of 2018 compared to 6.0% in the same period of the prior year primarily due to the strong increase in sales.

For the first six months of 2018, reported depreciation and amortization expenses increased by approximately $6.7 million compared to the first six months of 2017. Excluding changes in foreign currency rates, depreciation and amortization increased by approximately $1.5 million compared to the same period a year ago. As discussed above, this increase is mainly due to increased capital spending in the current year to support the growth in our business. Depreciation and amortization as a percentage of net sales decreased to 5.8% in the first six months of 2018 compared to 6.1% in the same period of the prior year primarily due to the strong increase in sales.

RESTRUCTURING INITIATIVES

In late 2017, Aptar began a business transformation to drive profitable sales growth, increase operational excellence, enhance our approach to innovation and improve organizational effectiveness. The primary focus of the plan is the Beauty + Home segment; however, certain global general and administrative functions are also being addressed. During the second quarter of 2018, we recognized approximately $18.2 million of restructuring costs related to this plan with approximately $14.6 million, $1.2 million, $1.4 million and $1.0 million being reported within the Beauty + Home segment, Pharma segment, Food + Beverage segment and Corporate & Other, respectively. During the first six months of 2018, we recognized approximately $24.2 million of restructuring costs related to this plan with approximately $19.7 million, $1.6 million, $1.7 million and $1.2 million being reported within the Beauty + Home segment, Pharma segment, Food + Beverage segment and Corporate & Other, respectively. We estimate total implementation costs of approximately $90 million over the next three years, including costs that have been recognized to date. We also anticipate making capital investments related to the business transformation of approximately $45 million in 2018. We expect this business transformation to yield annualized incremental EBITDA of approximately $80 million by the end of 2020, principally within the Beauty + Home segment.

OPERATING INCOME

Operating income decreased approximately $4.4 million in the second quarter of 2018 compared to the same period a year ago. Excluding changes in foreign currency rates, operating income decreased by approximately $8.9 million in the quarter compared to the same period a year ago. This decrease is due to $18.2 million of restructuring costs reported during the second quarter of 2018. Operating income as a percentage of net sales decreased to 11.4% in the second quarter of 2018 compared to 13.8% for the same period in the prior year. This is mainly the result of costs related to our restructuring initiatives as discussed above.

Operating income increased approximately $5.5 million to $168.9 million in the first six months of 2018 compared to $163.4 million in the same period of the prior year. Excluding changes in foreign currency rates, operating income decreased by approximately $8.0 million in the first six months of 2018 compared to the same period a year ago. As discussed above, this decrease is due to the $24.2 million of restructuring costs reported during the first six months of 2018. Operating income as a percentage of net sales decreased to 11.9% in the first six months of 2018 compared to 13.4% for the same period in the prior year mainly due to costs related to our restructuring initiatives.

NET OTHER EXPENSE

Net other expense in the second quarter of 2018 increased to $6.0 million from $5.8 million in the same period of the prior year. For 2018, interest income increased by approximately $1.9 million due to higher interest rates on U.S. cash balances repatriated from Europe, which resulted in lower net other expense during the second quarter of 2018. However, in 2017 we realized $2.5 million of income on our forward exchange contracts due to the forward points in the currencies in which we were invested, which lowered net other expense during the second quarter of 2017.

Net other expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2018 decreased to $12.8 million from $14.4 million in the same period of the prior year. As discussed above, this decrease is mainly due to $3.8 million of higher interest income in 2018 on U.S. cash balances repatriated from Europe compared to $2.5 million of incremental income on our forward exchange contracts during 2017.

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EFFECTIVE TAX RATE

The reported effective tax rate increased to 25.5% for the three months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 18.1% for the same period ended June 30, 2017. The current year rate includes the benefit from a true up of the provisional transition tax liability, which reduced the effective tax rate by 4.6% and was partially offset by the charges recorded in the period for the global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) and base erosion anti-abuse tax (“BEAT”) taxes, which increased the effective tax rate by 1.3%. The tax rate for 2017 reflects larger tax benefits from employee share-based compensation, which reduced the effective tax rate by 5.2%, and a benefit from repatriation activities undertaken in 2017, which reduced the effective tax rate by 4.1%.

The reported effective tax rate also increased to 26.3% for the six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 21.5% for the six months ended June 30, 2017. The 2018 rate includes the benefit from a true up of the provisional transition tax liability, which reduced the effective tax rate by 2.2% and was offset by the charges recorded in the period for the GILTI and BEAT taxes, which increased the effective tax rate by 2.9%. The tax rate for 2017 reflects larger tax benefits from employee share-based compensation, which reduced the effective tax rate by 1.4%, and a benefit from repatriation activities undertaken in 2017, which reduced the effective tax rate by 1.9%.

NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO APTARGROUP, INC.

We reported net income attributable to AptarGroup of $55.8 million and $115.1 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively, compared to $65.2 million and $117.0 million for the same periods in the prior year.

BEAUTY + HOME SEGMENT

Operations that sell dispensing systems and sealing solutions primarily to the personal care, beauty and home care markets form the Beauty + Home segment.

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |
Net Sales |  | $ | 368,536 |  | $ | 322,117 |  | $ | 746,709 |  | $ | 644,565 |
Adjusted EBITDA (1) |  |  | 45,846 |  |  | 44,550 |  |  | 98,981 |  |  | 86,638 |
Adjusted EBITDA margin (1) |  |  | 12.4% |  |  | 13.8% |  |  | 13.3% |  |  | 13.4% |

| (1) |  | Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as earnings before net interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, unallocated corporate expenses, restructuring and transaction costs. Adjusted EBITDA margins are calculated as Adjusted EBITDA divided by Reported Net Sales. See the reconciliation of non-U.S. GAAP measures starting on page 34.

Net sales for the quarter ended June 30, 2018 increased 14% to $368.5 million compared to $322.1 million in the second quarter of the prior year. Incremental sales from our Reboul acquisition positively impacted sales by 1% while changes in currency rates positively impacted net sales by 3%. Therefore, core sales increased 10% in the second quarter of 2018 compared to the same quarter of the prior year. Geographically, sales increased in all regions compared to the prior year quarter. We also experienced strong core sales across all three of our markets with personal care, beauty and home care core sales increasing 16%, 6% and 6%, respectively, compared to the prior year quarter. The increase in personal care sales mainly relates to higher sales of our body care products and increased tooling sales. Sales to the beauty market are related to higher product sales to our facial skin care customers while the increase in the home care market is due to strong growth across the majority of applications.

Second Quarter 2018 |  | Personal |  |  |  | Home |  |  |
Net Sales Change over Prior Year |  | Care |  | Beauty |  | Care |  | Total |
Core Sales Growth |  | 16 | % | 6 | % | 6 | % | 10 | %
Acquisitions |  | — | % | 1 | % | — | % | 1 | %
Currency Effects (1) |  | 2 | % | 5 | % | 2 | % | 3 | %
Total Reported Net Sales Growth |  | 18 | % | 12 | % | 8 | % | 14 | %

| (1) |  | Currency effects are calculated by translating last year’s amounts at this year’s foreign exchange rates.

Net sales increased 16% in the first six months of 2018 to $746.7 million compared to $644.6 million in the first six months of the prior year. Changes in currency rates positively impacted net sales by 7%. Acquisitions were immaterial for the six month period ended June 30, 2018. Therefore, core sales increased 9% in the first six months of 2018 compared to the same period in the prior year. Core sales were higher across all three markets as personal care, beauty and home care increased by 11%, 8% and 3%, respectively. Strong sales in the fragrance and body care applications along with higher tooling sales were responsible for the increase in sales for the first six months of 2018 compared to 2017.

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First Six Months of 2018 |  | Personal |  |  |  | Home |  |  |
Net Sales Change over Prior Year |  | Care |  | Beauty |  | Care |  | Total |
Core Sales Growth |  | 11 | % | 8 | % | 3 | % | 9 | %
Acquisitions |  | — | % | 1 | % | — | % | — | %
Currency Effects (1) |  | 4 | % | 8 | % | 5 | % | 7 | %
Total Reported Net Sales Growth |  | 15 | % | 17 | % | 8 | % | 16 | %

| (1) |  | Currency effects are calculated by translating last year’s amounts at this year’s foreign exchange rates.

Adjusted EBITDA in the second quarter of 2018 increased 3% to $45.8 million compared to $44.6 million reported in the same period in the prior year. Increases in product and tooling sales, and an operational improvement in our European custom decorative packaging business, more than offset increases in material costs and unfavorable operating results related to the start-up of our French anodizing facility and our Reboul acquisition during the second quarter of 2018 compared to the second quarter of 2017.

Adjusted EBITDA in the first six months of 2018 increased 14% to $99.0 million compared to $86.6 million reported in the same period in the prior year. Our increase in sales more than offset increased resin and metal prices. The first six months of 2017 also included $1.5 million of estimated costs to remediate environmental contamination found at the Company’s anodizing facility in Brazil.

PHARMA SEGMENT

Operations that sell dispensing systems and sealing solutions primarily to the prescription drug, consumer health care and injectables markets form the Pharma segment.

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |
Net Sales |  | $ | 241,209 |  | $ | 201,702 |  | $ | 471,336 |  | $ | 398,614 |
Adjusted EBITDA (1) |  |  | 86,353 |  |  | 69,649 |  |  | 166,193 |  |  | 138,490 |
Adjusted EBITDA margin (1) |  |  | 35.8% |  |  | 34.5% |  |  | 35.3% |  |  | 34.7% |

| (1) |  | Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as earnings before net interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, unallocated corporate expenses, restructuring and transaction costs. Adjusted EBITDA margins are calculated as Adjusted EBITDA divided by Reported Net Sales. See the reconciliation of non-U.S. GAAP measures starting on page 34.

Net sales for the Pharma segment increased 20% in the second quarter of 2018 to $241.2 million compared to $201.7 million in the second quarter of 2017. Changes in currency positively affected net sales by 6% in the second quarter of 2018. Therefore, core sales increased by 14% in the second quarter of 2018 compared to the second quarter of 2017. All three markets reported increased core sales over the prior year. Core sales to the prescription market were particularly strong and increased 16% mainly driven by increased demand for our innovative nasal drug delivery systems for our central nervous system and allergic rhinitis treatments along with increased tooling sales. Sales to the consumer health care market also increased significantly, up 20%, on strong demand for our nasal saline, nasal decongestant and ophthalmic-related products. For the injectables market, core sales increased 2% primarily due to increased demand for components used in the administration of vaccine products to customers in Europe and Northeast Asia during the second quarter of 2018.

Second Quarter 2018 |  | Prescription |  | Consumer |  |  |  |  |
Net Sales Change over Prior Year |  | Drug |  | Health Care |  | Injectables |  | Total |
Core Sales Growth |  | 16 | % | 20 | % | 2 | % | 14 | %
Currency Effects (1) |  | 6 | % | 4 | % | 6 | % | 6 | %
Total Reported Net Sales Growth |  | 22 | % | 24 | % | 8 | % | 20 | %

| (1) |  | Currency effects are calculated by translating last year’s amounts at this year’s foreign exchange rates.

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Net sales for the first six months of 2018 increased by 18% to $471.3 million compared to $398.6 million in the first six months of 2017. Changes in currency rates positively impacted net sales by 8% in the first six months of 2018. Therefore, core sales increased by 10% in the first six months of 2018 compared to the same period in the prior year. As discussed above, the prescription drug market reported core sales increase of 8% on strong sales of our products sold for central nervous system and allergic rhinitis treatments. Core sales to the consumer health care market increased 18% on strong demand for our products used on decongestants and nasal salines. Core sales of our products to the injectables markets increased 5% due to strong sales of our injectable components used on vaccine products. Tooling sales did not have a significant impact on the Pharma segment’s reported results for the first six months of 2018 compared to 2017.

First Six Months of 2018 |  | Prescription |  | Consumer |  |  |  |  |
Net Sales Change over Prior Year |  | Drug |  | Health Care |  | Injectables |  | Total |
Core Sales Growth |  | 8 | % | 18 | % | 5 | % | 10 | %
Currency Effects (1) |  | 8 | % | 7 | % | 10 | % | 8 | %
Total Reported Net Sales Growth |  | 16 | % | 25 | % | 15 | % | 18 | %

| (1) |  | Currency effects are calculated by translating last year’s amounts at this year’s foreign exchange rates.

Adjusted EBITDA in the second quarter of 2018 increased 24% to $86.4 million compared to $69.6 million reported in the same period of the prior year. The strong product sales across all three application fields discussed above along with improved operational efficiencies led to the increase in reported results for the second quarter of 2018 compared to the second quarter of 2017.

Adjusted EBITDA in the first six months of 2018 increased 20% to $166.2 million compared to $138.5 million reported in the same period of the prior year. The increased sales and improved operational efficiencies discussed above offset lower profitability on some tooling projects.

FOOD + BEVERAGE SEGMENT

Operations that sell dispensing systems and sealing solutions primarily to the food and beverage markets form the Food + Beverage segment.

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |
Net Sales |  | $ | 100,863 |  | $ | 93,927 |  | $ | 195,913 |  | $ | 175,883 |
Adjusted EBITDA (1) |  |  | 18,063 |  |  | 18,694 |  |  | 30,802 |  |  | 31,640 |
Adjusted EBITDA margin (1) |  |  | 17.9% |  |  | 19.9% |  |  | 15.7% |  |  | 18.0% |

| (1) |  | Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as earnings before net interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, unallocated corporate expenses, restructuring and transaction costs. Adjusted EBITDA margins are calculated as Adjusted EBITDA divided by Reported Net Sales. See the reconciliation of non-U.S. GAAP measures starting on page 34.

Net sales for the quarter ended June 30, 2018 increased approximately 7% to $100.9 million compared to $93.9 million in the second quarter of the prior year. Changes in foreign currency rates had a favorable impact of 2% on the total segment sales. Therefore, core sales increased by 5% in the second quarter of 2018 compared to the second quarter of 2017. Core sales to the food market increased 4% while core sales to the beverage market increased 7% in the second quarter of 2018 compared to the same period of the prior year. For the food market, strong sales of our products to our infant nutrition customers offset softness in sales to our sauces and condiments customers. For the beverage market, strong product sales to our bottled water and juice customers offset softness in sales to our functional drink and dairy customers. For the segment, we benefitted from a $2.5 million increase in tooling sales along with a $1.4 million increase on the pass-through of resin price changes in the quarter ended June 30, 2018 compared to the second quarter of the prior year.

Second Quarter 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net Sales Change over Prior Year |  |  |  | Food |  | Beverage |  | Total |
Core Sales Growth |  |  |  | 4 | % | 7 | % | 5 | %
Currency Effects (1) |  |  |  | 1 | % | 4 | % | 2 | %
Total Reported Net Sales Growth |  |  |  | 5 | % | 11 | % | 7 | %

| (1) |  | Currency effects are calculated by translating last year’s amounts at this year’s foreign exchange rates.

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Net sales for the first six months of 2018 increased by 11% to $195.9 million compared to $175.9 million in the first six months of 2017. Changes in currency rates positively impacted net sales by 4% in the first six months of 2018. Therefore, core sales increased by 7% in the first six months of 2018 compared to the same period in the prior year. Core sales to the food market increased 10% while core sales to the beverage market increased 4% in the first six months of 2018 compared to the same period of the prior year. Sales to the food market increased due to strong sales of our products to our infant nutrition and dairy customers. For the beverage market, strong sales to our bottled water and juice customers offset a decrease in functional drink application sales, mainly in China. Sales for the first six months of 2018 were favorably impacted by $8.8 million of higher tooling sales along with a $3.7 million increase on the pass-through of resin price changes compared to the first six months of 2017.

First Six Months of 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net Sales Change over Prior Year |  |  |  | Food |  | Beverage |  | Total |
Core Sales Growth |  |  |  | 10 | % | 4 | % | 7 | %
Currency Effects (1) |  |  |  | 3 | % | 6 | % | 4 | %
Total Reported Net Sales Growth |  |  |  | 13 | % | 10 | % | 11 | %

| (1) |  | Currency effects are calculated by translating last year’s amounts at this year’s foreign exchange rates.

Adjusted EBITDA in the second quarter of 2018 decreased 3% to $18.1 million compared to $18.7 million reported in the same period of the prior year. This decrease is mainly due to lower profit on our tooling projects, product mix, some price concessions to secure long-term supply contracts and some operational inefficiencies in the second quarter of 2018 compared to the second quarter of 2017.

Adjusted EBITDA in the first six months of 2018 decreased 3% to $30.8 million compared to $31.6 million reported in the same period of the prior year. As discussed above, our profitability was negatively impacted by lower tooling profits along with some pricing concessions and operational inefficiencies. We also reported a decrease due to the normal timing delay of our pass-through of higher resin costs.

CORPORATE & OTHER

In addition to our three reporting segments, Aptar assigns certain costs to “Corporate & Other,” which is presented separately in Note 15 – Segment Information to the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. For Corporate & Other, Adjusted EBITDA (which excludes net interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, restructuring and transaction costs) primarily includes certain professional fees, compensation and information system costs which are not allocated directly to our reporting segments. For the quarter ended June 30, 2018, Corporate & Other expenses remained consistent with the second quarter 2017 at $9.0 million.

Corporate & Other expenses in the first six months of 2018 increased to $20.6 million compared to $18.1 million reported in the same period of the prior year. This increase is mainly due to increases in advisory, legal and personnel costs. We also reported a $0.9 million loss on the write-down of an administrative building, which is held for sale.

NON-U.S. GAAP MEASURES

In addition to the information presented herein that conforms to U.S. GAAP, we also present financial information that does not conform to U.S. GAAP, which are referred to as non-U.S. GAAP financial measures. Management may assess our financial results both on a U.S. GAAP basis and on a non-U.S. GAAP basis. We believe it is useful to present these non-U.S. GAAP financial measures because they allow for a better period over period comparison of operating results by removing the impact of items that, in management’s view, do not reflect Aptar’s core operating performance. These non-U.S. GAAP financial measures should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for U.S. GAAP financial results, but should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income and other information presented herein. Investors are cautioned against placing undue reliance on these non-U.S. GAAP measures. Further, investors are urged to review and consider carefully the adjustments made by management to the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measure to arrive at these non-U.S. GAAP financial measures.

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In our Management’s Discussion and Analysis, we exclude the impact of foreign currency translation when presenting net sales information, which we define as “constant currency.” Changes in net sales excluding the impact of foreign currency translation is a non-U.S. GAAP financial measure. As a worldwide business, it is important that we take into account the effects of foreign currency translation when we view our results and plan our strategies. Consequently, when our management looks at our financial results to measure the core performance of our business, we may exclude the impact of foreign currency translation by translating our prior period results at current period foreign currency exchange rates. As a result, our management believes that these presentations are useful internally and may be useful to investors. We also exclude the impact of material acquisitions when comparing results to prior periods. Changes in operating results excluding the impact of acquisitions are non-U.S. GAAP financial measures. We believe it is important to exclude the impact of acquisitions on period over period results in order to evaluate performance on a more comparable basis.

We present earnings before net interest and taxes (“EBIT”) and earnings before net interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”). We also present our adjusted earnings before net interest and taxes (“Adjusted EBIT”) and consolidated adjusted earnings before net interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“Adjusted EBITDA”), both of which exclude the business transformation charges and transaction costs.

Finally, we provide a reconciliation of Net Debt to Net Capital as a non-U.S. GAAP measure. Net Debt is calculated as interest bearing debt less cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments while Net Capital is calculated as stockholder’s equity plus Net Debt. Net Debt to Net Capital measures a company’s financial leverage, which gives users an idea of a company's financial structure, or how it is financing its operations, along with insight into its financial strength. We believe that it is meaningful to take into consideration the balance of our cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments when evaluating our leverage. If needed, such assets could be used to reduce our gross debt position.

|  | Three Months Ended
|  | June 30, 2018
|  | Consolidated |  | Beauty + Home |  | Pharma |  | Food + Beverage |  | Corporate & Other |  | Net Interest
Net Sales |  | $ | 710,608 |  | $ | 368,536 |  | $ | 241,209 |  | $ | 100,863 |  | $ | - |  | $ | -
Reported net income |  | $ | 55,781 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Reported income taxes |  |  | 19,117 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Reported income before income taxes |  |  | 74,898 |  |  | 10,510 |  |  | 73,607 |  |  | 10,329 |  |  | (14,105) |  |  | (5,443)
Adjustments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Restructuring initiatives |  |  | 18,214 |  |  | 14,631 |  |  | 1,224 |  |  | 1,354 |  |  | 1,005 |  |  |
Transaction costs related to acquisitions |  |  | 2,444 |  |  | 574 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,870 |  |  |
Purchase accounting adjustments related to acquired companies' inventory |  |  | 119 |  |  | 119 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Adjusted earnings before income taxes |  |  | 95,675 |  |  | 25,834 |  |  | 74,831 |  |  | 11,683 |  |  | (11,230) |  |  | (5,443)
Interest expense |  |  | 7,964 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7,964
Interest income |  |  | (2,521) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (2,521)
Adjusted earnings before net interest and taxes (Adjusted EBIT) |  |  | 101,118 |  |  | 25,834 |  |  | 74,831 |  |  | 11,683 |  |  | (11,230) |  |  | -
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 40,101 |  |  | 20,012 |  |  | 11,522 |  |  | 6,380 |  |  | 2,187 |  |  | -
Adjusted earnings before net interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (Adjusted EBITDA) |  | $ | 141,219 |  | $ | 45,846 |  | $ | 86,353 |  | $ | 18,063 |  | $ | (9,043) |  | $ | -
Adjusted EBITDA margins (Adjusted EBITDA / Reported Net Sales) |  |  | 19.9% |  |  | 12.4% |  |  | 35.8% |  |  | 17.9% |  |  |  |  |  |

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|  | Three Months Ended
|  | June 30, 2017
|  | Consolidated |  | Beauty + Home |  | Pharma |  | Food + Beverage |  | Corporate & Other |  | Net Interest
Net Sales |  | $ | 617,746 |  | $ | 322,117 |  | $ | 201,702 |  | $ | 93,927 |  | $ | - |  | $ | -
Reported net income |  | $ | 65,189 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Reported income taxes |  |  | 14,379 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Reported income before income taxes |  |  | 79,568 |  |  | 25,203 |  |  | 59,792 |  |  | 12,577 |  |  | (10,935) |  |  | (7,069)
Adjustments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
None |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Earnings before income taxes |  |  | 79,568 |  |  | 25,203 |  |  | 59,792 |  |  | 12,577 |  |  | (10,935) |  |  | (7,069)
Interest expense |  |  | 7,712 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7,712
Interest income |  |  | (643) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (643)
Earnings before net interest and taxes (EBIT) |  |  | 86,637 |  |  | 25,203 |  |  | 59,792 |  |  | 12,577 |  |  | (10,935) |  |  | -
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 37,242 |  |  | 19,347 |  |  | 9,857 |  |  | 6,117 |  |  | 1,921 |  |  | -
Earnings before net interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) |  | $ | 123,879 |  | $ | 44,550 |  | $ | 69,649 |  | $ | 18,694 |  | $ | (9,014) |  | $ | -
EBITDA margins (EBITDA / Reported Net Sales) |  |  | 20.1% |  |  | 13.8% |  |  | 34.5% |  |  | 19.9% |  |  |  |  |  |

|  | Six Months Ended
|  | June 30, 2018
|  | Consolidated |  | Beauty + Home |  | Pharma |  | Food + Beverage |  | Corporate & Other |  | Net Interest
Net Sales |  | $ | 1,413,958 |  | $ | 746,709 |  | $ | 471,336 |  | $ | 195,913 |  | $ | - |  | $ | -
Reported net income |  | $ | 115,069 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Reported income taxes |  |  | 41,046 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Reported income before income taxes |  |  | 156,115 |  |  | 37,217 |  |  | 141,899 |  |  | 16,255 |  |  | (28,006) |  |  | (11,250)
Adjustments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Restructuring initiatives |  |  | 24,150 |  |  | 19,647 |  |  | 1,588 |  |  | 1,669 |  |  | 1,246 |  |  |
Transaction costs related to acquisitions |  |  | 2,444 |  |  | 574 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,870 |  |  |
Purchase accounting adjustments related to acquired companies' inventory |  |  | 119 |  |  | 119 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Adjusted earnings before income taxes |  |  | 182,828 |  |  | 57,557 |  |  | 143,487 |  |  | 17,924 |  |  | (24,890) |  |  | (11,250)
Interest expense |  |  | 16,019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 16,019
Interest income |  |  | (4,769) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (4,769)
Adjusted earnings before net interest and taxes (Adjusted EBIT) |  |  | 194,078 |  |  | 57,557 |  |  | 143,487 |  |  | 17,924 |  |  | (24,890) |  |  | -
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 81,276 |  |  | 41,424 |  |  | 22,706 |  |  | 12,878 |  |  | 4,268 |  |  | -
Adjusted earnings before net interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (Adjusted EBITDA) |  | $ | 275,354 |  | $ | 98,981 |  | $ | 166,193 |  | $ | 30,802 |  | $ | (20,622) |  | $ | -
Adjusted EBITDA margins (Adjusted EBITDA / Reported Net Sales) |  |  | 19.5% |  |  | 13.3% |  |  | 35.3% |  |  | 15.7% |  |  |  |  |  |

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|  | Six Months Ended
|  | June 30, 2017
|  | Consolidated |  | Beauty + Home |  | Pharma |  | Food + Beverage |  | Corporate & Other |  | Net Interest
Net Sales |  | $ | 1,219,062 |  | $ | 644,565 |  | $ | 398,614 |  | $ | 175,883 |  | $ | - |  | $ | -
Reported net income |  | $ | 116,994 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Reported income taxes |  |  | 32,054 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Reported income before income taxes |  |  | 149,048 |  |  | 47,411 |  |  | 118,862 |  |  | 19,717 |  |  | (21,941) |  |  | (15,001)
Adjustments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
None |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Earnings before income taxes |  |  | 149,048 |  |  | 47,411 |  |  | 118,862 |  |  | 19,717 |  |  | (21,941) |  |  | (15,001)
Interest expense |  |  | 15,974 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 15,974
Interest income |  |  | (973) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (973)
Earnings before net interest and taxes (EBIT) |  |  | 164,049 |  |  | 47,411 |  |  | 118,862 |  |  | 19,717 |  |  | (21,941) |  |  | -
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 74,573 |  |  | 39,227 |  |  | 19,628 |  |  | 11,923 |  |  | 3,795 |  |  | -
Earnings before net interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) |  | $ | 238,622 |  | $ | 86,638 |  | $ | 138,490 |  | $ | 31,640 |  | $ | (18,146) |  | $ | -
EBITDA margins (EBITDA / Reported Net Sales) |  |  | 19.6% |  |  | 13.4% |  |  | 34.7% |  |  | 18.0% |  |  |  |  |  |

Net Debt to Net Capital Reconciliation |  |  | June 30, |  |  | December 31, |
|  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |
Notes payable |  | $ | 6,592 |  | $ | 4,336 |
Current maturities of long-term obligations, net of unamortized debt issuance costs |  |  | 65,170 |  |  | 61,833 |
Long-Term Obligations, net of unamortized debt issuance costs |  |  | 1,182,894 |  |  | 1,191,146 |
Total Debt |  |  | 1,254,656 |  |  | 1,257,315 |
Less: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and equivalents |  |  | 718,091 |  |  | 712,640 |
Net Debt |  | $ | 536,565 |  | $ | 544,675 |
Total Stockholders' Equity |  | $ | 1,347,512 |  | $ | 1,312,048 |
Net Debt |  |  | 536,565 |  |  | 544,675 |
Net Capital |  | $ | 1,884,077 |  | $ | 1,856,723 |
Net Debt to Net Capital |  |  | 28.5% |  |  | 29.3% |

FOREIGN CURRENCY

Because of our international presence, movements in exchange rates may have a significant impact on the translation of the financial statements of our foreign subsidiaries. Our primary foreign exchange exposure is to the euro, but we also have foreign exchange exposure to the Chinese yuan, Brazilian real, Mexican peso, Swiss franc and other Asian, European and South American currencies. A weakening U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies has an additive translation effect on our financial statements. Conversely, a strengthening U.S. dollar has a dilutive effect. In some cases, we sell products denominated in a currency different from the currency in which the related costs are incurred. We manage our exposures to foreign exchange principally with forward exchange contracts to economically hedge recorded transactions and firm purchase and sales commitments denominated in foreign currencies. Changes in exchange rates on such inter-country sales could materially impact our results of operations.

QUARTERLY TRENDS

Our results of operations in the last quarter of the year typically are negatively impacted by customer plant shutdowns in December. In the future, our results of operations in a quarterly period could be impacted by factors such as the seasonality of certain products within our segments, changes in foreign currency rates, changes in product mix, changes in material costs, changes in growth rates in the markets to which our products are sold, recognition of equity-based compensation expense for retirement eligible employees in the period of grant and changes in general economic conditions in any of the countries in which we do business.

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We generally incur higher employee stock option expense in the first quarter compared with the rest of the fiscal year. Our estimated total stock-based compensation expense on a pre-tax basis (in $ millions) for the year 2018 compared to 2017 is as follows:

|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |
First Quarter |  | $ | 7.5 |  | $ | 7.8 |
Second Quarter |  |  | 3.4 |  |  | 3.9 |
Third Quarter (estimated for 2018) |  |  | 4.6 |  |  | 3.3 |
Fourth Quarter (estimated for 2018) |  |  | 4.5 |  |  | 3.9 |
|  | $ | 20.0 |  | $ | 18.9 |

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

We believe we are in a strong financial position and have the financial resources to meet our business requirements in the foreseeable future. We have historically used cash flow from operations, our revolving credit facilities, stock option exercises and debt, as needed, as our primary sources of liquidity. Our primary uses of liquidity are to invest in equipment and facilities that are necessary to support our growth and to make acquisitions that will contribute to the achievement of our strategic objectives.

Other uses of liquidity include paying dividends to stockholders and repurchasing shares of our common stock. The majority of these cash needs are met using U.S. funds. During 2017, we voluntarily repatriated approximately $1.0 billion from Europe to the U.S. We believe that these repatriation activities provide us with significant resources to meet our U.S. funding needs for the next several years. In the event that customer demand would decrease significantly for a prolonged period of time and negatively impact cash flow from operations, we would have the ability to restrict and significantly reduce capital expenditure levels, as well as evaluate our acquisition strategy and dividend and share repurchase programs. A prolonged and significant reduction in capital expenditure levels could increase future repairs and maintenance costs as well as have a negative impact on operating margins if we were unable to invest in new innovative products.

In the first six months of 2018, our operations provided approximately $154.5 million in net cash flow compared to $148.9 million for the same period a year ago. In both periods, cash flow from operations was primarily derived from earnings before depreciation and amortization. The increase in cash provided by operations is primarily attributable to profit growth and no contributions made to the pension plan in 2018.

We used $90.7 million in cash for investing activities during the first six months of 2018 compared to $70.3 million during the same period a year ago. Our investment in capital projects increased $25.0 million for the first six months of 2018 compared to the first six months of 2017 to support the growth of our business. We invested $10.0 million in preferred equity stock of Reciprocal Labs Corporation, doing business as Propeller Health, which is accounted for at cost, and acquired Reboul, a French manufacturer specializing in stamping, decorating and assembling metal and plastic packaging for the cosmetics and luxury markets, for an initial purchase price of approximately $3.6 million (exclusive of $112 thousand of cash acquired). This was offset by the receipt of $10.6 million of insurance proceeds related to the Annecy fire property damages. In 2017, we also invested $5.0 million for a 20% minority investment in a technology company which provides digital monitoring systems for medical devices. Our 2018 estimated cash outlays for capital expenditures are expected to be in the range of approximately $220 to $230 million but could vary due to changes in exchange rates as well as the timing of capital projects.

Financing activities used $52.3 million in cash during the first six months of 2018 compared to $216.4 million during the same period a year ago. During the first six months of 2018, we used cash on hand to repurchase and retire common stock. In the first six months of 2017, we repatriated approximately $263 million from Europe to the U.S. These funds were used to repay $160 million outstanding on the U.S. revolving credit facility and repurchase $67.7 million of common stock, of which $41.0 million was retired and $26.7 million was put into treasury stock.

Cash and equivalents increased to $718.1 million at June 30, 2018 from $712.6 million at December 31, 2017. Total short and long-term interest bearing debt of $1.3 billion at June 30, 2018 was at the same level as December 31, 2017. The ratio of our Net Debt (interest bearing debt less cash and cash equivalents) to Net Capital (stockholder’s equity plus Net Debt) was 28.5% at June 30, 2018 compared to 29.3% at December 31, 2017. See the reconciliation of non-U.S. GAAP measures starting on page 34.

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On July 20, 2017, the Company replaced its $300 million revolving credit facility with a new 5-year multi-currency revolving credit facility with two tranches, providing for unsecured financing of up to $300 million that is available in the U.S. and up to €150 million that is available to our wholly-owned UK subsidiary. Each borrowing under the credit facility will bear interest at rates based on LIBOR, prime rates or other similar rates, in each case plus an applicable margin. A facility fee on the total amount of the facility is also payable quarterly, regardless of usage. The applicable margins for borrowings under the credit facility and the facility fee percentage may change from time to time depending on changes in Aptar’s consolidated leverage ratio. We had no outstanding balance under the credit facility at June 30, 2018 and at December 31, 2017. We incurred approximately $252 thousand and $284 thousand in interest and fees related to our credit facilities during the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Our revolving credit facility and corporate long-term obligations require us to satisfy certain financial and other covenants including:

|  | Requirement |  | Level at June 30, 2018
Consolidated Leverage Ratio (1) |  | Maximum of 3.50 to 1.00 |  | 1.15 to 1.00
Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio (1) |  | Minimum of 3.00 to 1.00 |  | 12.31 to 1.00

| (1) |  | Definitions of ratios are included as part of the revolving credit facility agreement and the private placement agreements.

Based upon the above consolidated leverage ratio covenant, we have the ability to borrow approximately an additional $1.2 billion before the 3.50 to 1.00 maximum ratio requirement is exceeded.

Our foreign operations have historically met cash requirements with the use of internally generated cash or uncommitted short-term borrowings. Following the repatriation of cash to the U.S. discussed above, the majority of our $718.1 million in cash and equivalents is located within the U.S. and we now have committed financing arrangements in the UK as detailed below. We manage our global cash requirements considering (i) available funds among the many subsidiaries through which we conduct business, (ii) the geographic location of our liquidity needs, and (iii) the cost to access international cash balances.

During the third quarter of 2017, the Company entered into the borrowing arrangements summarized below through our wholly-owned UK subsidiary to better balance our capital structure.

Debt type | Amount | Term/Maturity | Interest rate
Bank term loan | $280 million | 5 year amortizing/July 2022 | 2.56% floating swapped to 1.36% fixed
Bank revolver | €150 million | 5 year/July 2022 | 1.10% floating
Private placement | €100 million | 6 year/July 2023 | 0.98% fixed
Private placement | €200 million | 7 year/July 2024 | 1.17% fixed

Aptar also entered into a EUR/USD floating-to-fixed cross currency swap on July 20, 2017 to mitigate the currency risk of U.S. dollar debt on a euro functional currency entity and to also mitigate the risk of variability in interest rates on the $280 million bank term loan. The Company expects its future European cash flows will be sufficient to service this new debt.

On July 18, 2018, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.34 per share payable on August 22, 2018 to stockholders of record as of August 1, 2018.

CONTINGENCIES

The Company, in the normal course of business, is subject to a number of lawsuits and claims both actual and potential in nature. Please refer to Note 11 - Commitments and Contingencies of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of contingencies affecting the Company’s business.

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

We lease certain warehouse, plant and office facilities as well as certain equipment under noncancelable operating leases expiring at various dates through the year 2027. Most of the operating leases contain renewal options and certain equipment leases include options to purchase during or at the end of the lease term. Other than operating lease obligations, we do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.

RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

We have reviewed the recently issued accounting standards updates to the FASB’s Accounting Standards Codification that have future effective dates. Standards that are effective for 2018 are discussed in Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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In February 2016, the FASB issued new guidance to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. The new standard is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018. We continue to evaluate the impact the adoption of this standard will have on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued guidance that changes the accounting for measurement of credit losses on financial instruments. The guidance replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology in current U.S. GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information when recording credit loss estimates. The new standard is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance.

In January 2017, the FASB issued guidance to simplify how an entity is required to test goodwill for impairment by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. As a result, impairment charges will be required for the amount by which a reporting units carrying amount exceeds its fair value up to the amount of its allocated goodwill. The new standard is effective for the annual or any interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company does not believe that this new guidance will have a material impact on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

In February 2018, the FASB issued guidance on the reclassification of certain tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive income. This guidance allows for the reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the TCJA. The new standard is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance.

Other accounting standards that have been issued by the FASB or other standards-setting bodies that do not require adoption until a future date are not expected to have a material impact on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements upon adoption.

OUTLOOK

For the third quarter, we expect continued core sales growth over the prior year in each reporting segment. Our sales growth momentum is expected to remain broad-based though at varying degrees across most of our end markets. We continue to serve attractive markets as leading provider of innovative dispensing solutions. We remain committed to executing our growth strategy in order to create long-term value for all stakeholders. We expect earnings per share for the third quarter, excluding any restructuring expenses and effects associated with the CSP Technologies acquisition, to be in the range of $0.90 to $0.95 per share, compared to $0.83 per share reported in the same period of the prior year. Our guidance range is based on an effective tax rate range of 29.0% to 31.0%. Prior year adjusted earnings per share, adjusted for comparable exchange rates, would have been approximately $0.82. Prior year earnings would have been $0.08 lower had our current effective tax rate been applied to prior year earnings.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements in Management’s Discussion and Analysis and other sections of this Form 10-Q are forward-looking and involve a number of risks and uncertainties, including certain statements set forth in the Restructuring Initiatives, Quarterly Trends, Liquidity and Capital Resources, Contingencies and Outlook sections of this Form 10-Q. Words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “future,” “potential” and other similar expressions or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “should,” “would” and “could” are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) and are based on our beliefs as well as assumptions made by and information currently available to us. Accordingly, our actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied in such forward-looking statements due to known or unknown risks and uncertainties that exist in our operations and business environment including, but not limited to:

| · |  | economic conditions worldwide, including potential deflationary conditions in regions we rely on for growth;

| · |  | political conditions worldwide;

| · |  | the impact of tax reform legislation;

| · |  | significant fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates or our effective tax rate;

| · |  | financial conditions of customers and suppliers;

| · |  | consolidations within our customer or supplier bases;

| · |  | changes in customer and/or consumer spending levels;

| · |  | loss of one or more key accounts;

| · |  | the availability of raw materials and components (particularly from sole sourced suppliers) as well as the financial viability of these suppliers;

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| · |  | fluctuations in the cost of materials, components and other input costs (particularly resin, metal, anodization costs and transportation and energy costs);

| · |  | the impact and extent of contamination found at the Company’s facility in Brazil;

| · |  | our ability to successfully implement facility expansions and new facility projects;

| · |  | the impact of the UK leaving the European Union (Brexit) on our UK operations;

| · |  | our ability to offset inflationary impacts with cost containment, productivity initiatives or price increases;

| · |  | changes in capital availability or cost, including interest rate fluctuations;

| · |  | volatility of global credit markets;

| · |  | the timing and magnitude of capital expenditures;

| · |  | our ability to identify potential new acquisitions and to successfully acquire and integrate such operations or products, including the completion of the CSP Technologies acquisition and the successful integration of the CSP Technologies business;

| · |  | direct or indirect consequences of acts of war, terrorism or social unrest;

| · |  | cybersecurity threats that could impact our networks and reporting systems;

| · |  | the impact of natural disasters and other weather-related occurrences;

| · |  | fiscal and monetary policies and other regulations, including changes in worldwide tax rates;

| · |  | changes or difficulties in complying with government regulation;

| · |  | changing regulations or market conditions regarding environmental sustainability;

| · |  | work stoppages due to labor disputes;

| · |  | competition, including technological advances;

| · |  | our ability to protect and defend our intellectual property rights, as well as litigation involving intellectual property rights;

| · |  | the outcome of any legal proceeding that has been or may be instituted against us and others;

| · |  | our ability to meet future cash flow estimates to support our goodwill impairment testing;

| · |  | the demand for existing and new products;

| · |  | the success of our customers’ products, particularly in the pharmaceutical industry;

| · |  | our ability to manage worldwide customer launches of complex technical products, particularly in developing markets;

| · |  | difficulties in product development and uncertainties related to the timing or outcome of product development;

| · |  | significant product liability claims;

| · |  | the successful execution of our business transformation; and

| · |  | other risks associated with our operations.

Although we believe that our forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, there can be no assurance that actual results, performance or achievements will not differ materially from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. Please refer to Item 1A (“Risk Factors”) of Part I included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 for additional risk factors affecting the Company.

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

A significant number of our operations are located outside of the United States. Because of this, movements in exchange rates may have a significant impact on the translation of the financial condition and results of operations of our entities. Our primary foreign exchange exposure is to the euro, but we also have foreign exchange exposure to the Chinese yuan, Brazilian real, Mexican peso and Swiss franc, among other Asian, European, and South American currencies. A weakening U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies has an additive translation effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Conversely, a strengthening U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies has a dilutive translation effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Additionally, in some cases, we sell products denominated in a currency different from the currency in which the related costs are incurred. Any changes in exchange rates on such inter-country sales may impact our results of operations.

We manage our exposures to foreign exchange principally with forward exchange contracts to hedge certain firm purchase and sales commitments and intercompany cash transactions denominated in foreign currencies.

The table below provides information as of June 30, 2018 about our forward currency exchange contracts. The majority of the contracts expire before the end of the third quarter of 2018.

|  |  |  |  | Average |  | Min / Max |
|  |  | Contract Amount |  | Contractual |  | Notional |
Buy/Sell |  |  | (in thousands) |  | Exchange Rate |  | Volumes |
Swiss Franc / Euro |  | $ | 51,596 |  | 0.8678 |  | 51,596-52,969 |
Euro / U.S. Dollar |  |  | 16,448 |  | 1.1715 |  | 9,551-16,448 |
Euro / Brazilian Real |  |  | 11,420 |  | 4.3597 |  | 11,420-13,475 |
Colombian Peso / U.S. Dollar |  |  | 6,873 |  | 0.0003 |  | 0-6,964 |
U.S. Dollar / Euro |  |  | 6,690 |  | 0.8483 |  | 3,089-6,690 |
Euro / Indian Rupee |  |  | 6,078 |  | 81.6463 |  | 6,065-6,151 |
Euro / Indonesian Rupiah |  |  | 2,228 |  | 16,785.0000 |  | 2,228-2,228 |
U.S. Dollar / Colombian Peso |  |  | 1,555 |  | 2,916.9200 |  | 0-7,214 |
Euro / Mexican Peso |  |  | 851 |  | 23.8084 |  | 546-892 |
U.S. Dollar / Mexican Peso |  |  | 547 |  | 20.3841 |  | 547-800 |
Euro / Swiss Franc |  |  | 512 |  | 1.1591 |  | 512-1,024 |
British Pound / Euro |  |  | 400 |  | 1.1423 |  | 400-1,373 |
U.S. Dollar / Swiss Franc |  |  | 98 |  | 0.9824 |  | 0-98 |
Total |  | $ | 105,296 |  |  |  |  |

As of June 30, 2018, the Company has recorded the fair value of foreign currency forward exchange contracts of $0.7 million in prepaid and other and $0.4 million in accounts payable and accrued liabilities on the balance sheet. Aptar also entered into a EUR/USD floating-to-fixed cross currency swap on July 20, 2017 to effectively hedge the foreign exchange and interest rate exposure on the $280 million bank term loan drawn by its wholly-owned UK subsidiary. The fair value of this cash flow hedge is $5.5 million and is reported in accounts payable and accrued liabilities on the balance sheet.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

The Company’s management has evaluated, with the participation of the chief executive officer and chief financial officer of the Company, the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as that term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of June 30, 2018. Based on that evaluation, the chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that these controls and procedures were effective as of such date.

CHANGES IN INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

No changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) occurred during the Company’s fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2018 that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES

Certain French employees are eligible to participate in the FCP Aptar Savings Plan (the “Plan”). An independent agent purchases shares of common stock available under the Plan for cash on the open market and we do not issue shares. We do not receive any proceeds from the purchase of common stock under the Plan. The agent under the Plan is Banque Nationale de Paris Paribas Fund Services. No underwriters are used under the Plan. All shares are sold in reliance upon the exemption from registration under the Securities Act of 1933 provided by Regulation S promulgated under that Act. During the quarter ended June 30, 2018, the Plan purchased 5,092 shares of our common stock on behalf of the participants at an average price of $91.15, for an aggregate amount of $464 thousand, and sold no shares of our common stock on behalf of the participants. At June 30, 2018, the Plan owned 79,651 shares of our common stock.

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

On October 20, 2016, the Company announced a share repurchase authorization of up to $350 million of common stock. This authorization replaces previous authorizations and has no expiration date. Aptar may repurchase shares through the open market, privately negotiated transactions or other programs, subject to market conditions.

The Company spent $45.0 million to repurchase approximately 480 thousand shares during the second quarter of 2018.

The following table summarizes the Company’s purchases of its securities for the quarter ended June 30, 2018:

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Dollar Value Of |
|  |  |  |  |  |  | Total Number Of Shares |  | Shares that May Yet be |
|  |  | Total Number |  |  |  | Purchased as Part Of |  | Purchased Under The |
|  |  | Of Shares |  | Average Price |  | Publicly Announced |  | Plans or Programs |
Period |  |  | Purchased |  | Paid Per Share |  | Plans Or Programs |  | (in millions) |
4/1 – 4/30/18 |  |  | — |  | $ | — |  | — |  | $ | 125.2 |
5/1 – 5/31/18 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | 125.2 |
6/1 – 6/30/18 |  |  | 479,656 |  |  | 93.81 |  | 479,656 |  |  | 80.2 |
Total |  |  | 479,656 |  | $ | 93.81 |  | 479,656 |  | $ | 80.2 |

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

Exhibit 10.1 | Form of AptarGroup, Inc. Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (Service-Based Vesting Form) pursuant to the AptarGroup, Inc. 2018 Equity Incentive Plan.
Exhibit 10.2 | Form of AptarGroup, Inc. Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (Performance-Based Vesting Form) pursuant to the AptarGroup, Inc. 2018 Equity Incentive Plan.
Exhibit 10.3 | Form of AptarGroup, Inc. Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for Directors pursuant to the AptarGroup, Inc. 2018 Equity Incentive Plan.
Exhibit 31.1 | Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Exhibit 31.2 | Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Exhibit 32.1 | Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Exhibit 32.2 | Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Exhibit 101 | The following financial information from our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the second quarter of fiscal 2018, filed with the SEC on August 1, 2018, formatted in Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income – Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income – Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets – June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, (iv) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity - Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, (v) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 and (vi) the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

|  | AptarGroup, Inc.
|  | (Registrant)
| By | /s/ ROBERT W. KUHN
|  | Robert W. Kuhn
|  | Executive Vice President,
|  | Chief Financial Officer and Secretary
|  | (Duly Authorized Officer and
|  | Principal Accounting and Financial Officer)
|  | Date: August 1, 2018

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