Old National’s loans consist primarily of loans made to consumers and commercial clients in many diverse industries, including real estate rental and leasing, manufacturing, healthcare, wholesale trade, construction, and agriculture, among others. Most of Old National’s lending activity occurs within our principal geographic markets in the Midwest and Southeast regions of the United States. Old National manages concentrations of credit exposure by industry, product, geography, client relationship, and loan size.

Old National has loan participations, which qualify as participating interests, with other financial institutions. At September 30, 2025, these loans totaled $4.0 billion, of which $2.2 billion had been sold to other financial institutions and $1.8 billion was retained by Old National. The loan participations convey proportionate ownership rights with equal priority to each participating interest holder; involve no recourse (other than ordinary representations and warranties) to, or subordination by, any participating interest holder; all cash flows are divided

The loan categories used to monitor and analyze interest income and yields are different than the portfolio segments used to determine the allowance for credit losses on loans. The allowance for credit losses was calculated by pooling loans of similar credit risk characteristics and credit monitoring procedures. The four loan portfolios used to monitor and analyze interest income and yields – commercial, commercial real estate, residential real estate, and consumer – are reclassified into seven segments of loans – commercial, commercial real estate, business banking credit center (“BBCC”), residential real estate, indirect, direct, and home equity for purposes of determining the allowance for credit losses on loans. The commercial and commercial real estate loan categories shown on the balance sheet include the same pool of loans as the commercial, commercial real estate, and BBCC portfolio segments. The consumer loan category shown on the balance sheet is comprised of the same loans in the indirect, direct, and home equity portfolio segments. The portfolio segment reclassifications follow:


	Balance Sheet Line Item		Portfolio Segment Reclassifications		Portfolio Segment After Reclassifications

(dollars in thousands)
September 30, 2025
Commercial (1)	$	14,506,375	$	(219,588)	$	14,286,787
Commercial real estate	22,083,734		(172,932)		21,910,802
BBCC	N/A		392,520		392,520
Residential real estate	8,190,127		—		8,190,127
Consumer	3,187,679		(3,187,679)		N/A
Indirect	N/A		1,058,734		1,058,734
Direct	N/A		589,133		589,133
Home equity	N/A		1,539,812		1,539,812
Total loans (2)	$	47,967,915	$	—	$	47,967,915
Allowance for credit losses on loans	(572,178)		—		(572,178)
Net loans	$	47,395,737	$	—	$	47,395,737

December 31, 2024
Commercial (1)	$	10,288,560	$	(232,301)	$	10,056,259
Commercial real estate	16,307,486		(174,438)		16,133,048
BBCC	N/A		406,739		406,739
Residential real estate	6,797,586		—		6,797,586
Consumer	2,892,255		(2,892,255)		N/A
Indirect	N/A		1,096,778		1,096,778
Direct	N/A		514,144		514,144
Home equity	N/A		1,281,333		1,281,333
Total loans (2)	$	36,285,887	$	—	$	36,285,887
Allowance for credit losses on loans	(392,522)		—		(392,522)
Net loans	$	35,893,365	$	—	$	35,893,365

Commercial loans are classified primarily on the identified cash flows of the borrower and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower. The cash flows of borrowers, however, may not be as expected and the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value. Most commercial loans are secured by the assets being financed or other business assets such as accounts receivable or inventory and may incorporate a personal guarantee; however, some loans may be made on an unsecured basis. In the case of loans secured by accounts receivable, the availability of funds for the repayment of these loans may be substantially dependent on the ability of the borrower to collect amounts due from its clients.

Commercial real estate loans are classified primarily as cash flow loans and secondarily as loans secured by real estate. Commercial real estate lending typically involves higher loan principal amounts, and the repayment of these loans is generally dependent on the successful operation of the property securing the loan or the business conducted on the property securing the loan. Commercial real estate loans may be adversely affected by conditions in the real estate markets or in the general economy. The properties securing Old National’s commercial real estate portfolio are diverse in terms of type and geographic location. Management monitors and evaluates commercial real estate loans based on collateral, geography, and risk grade criteria. In addition, management tracks the level of owner-occupied commercial real estate loans versus non-owner-occupied loans.

Included with commercial real estate are construction loans, which are underwritten utilizing independent appraisal reviews, sensitivity analysis of absorption and lease rates, financial analysis of the developers and property owners, and feasibility studies, if available. Construction loans are generally based on estimates of costs and value associated with the complete project. These estimates may be inaccurate. Construction loans often involve the disbursement of substantial funds with repayment substantially dependent on the success of the ultimate project. Sources of repayment for these types of loans may be pre-committed permanent loans from approved long-term lenders (including Old National), sales of developed property, or an interim loan commitment from Old National until permanent financing is obtained. These loans are closely monitored by on-site inspections and are considered to have higher risks than other real estate loans due to their ultimate repayment being sensitive to interest rate changes, governmental regulation of real property, general economic conditions, and the availability of long-term financing.

BBCC loans are typically granted to small businesses with gross revenues of less than $5 million and aggregate debt of less than $1 million. Old National has established minimum debt service coverage ratios, minimum Fair Isaac Corporation (“FICO”) scores for owners and guarantors, and the ability to show relatively stable earnings as criteria to help mitigate risk. Repayment of these loans depends on the personal income of the borrowers and the cash flows of the business. These factors can be affected by such changes as economic conditions and unemployment levels.

With respect to residential loans that are secured by 1 - 4 family residences and are generally owner occupied, Old National typically establishes a maximum loan-to-value ratio and generally requires private mortgage insurance if that ratio is exceeded. Repayment of these loans is primarily dependent on the personal income of the borrowers, which can be impacted by economic conditions in their market areas such as unemployment levels. Repayment can also be impacted by changes in residential property values. Portfolio risk is mitigated by the fact that the loans are of smaller individual amounts and spread over a large number of borrowers.

Indirect loans are secured by automobile collateral, generally new and used cars and trucks from auto dealers that operate within our footprint. Old National typically mitigates the risk of indirect loans by establishing minimum FICO scores, maximum loan-to-value ratios, and maximum debt-to-income ratios. Repayment of these loans depends largely on the personal income of the borrowers, which can be affected by changes in economic conditions such as unemployment levels. Portfolio risk is mitigated by the fact that the loans are of smaller amounts spread over many borrowers and ongoing reviews of dealer relationships.

Direct loans are typically secured by collateral such as auto or real estate or are unsecured. Old National has established underwriting standards such as minimum FICO scores, maximum loan-to-value ratios, and maximum debt-to-income ratios. Repayment of these loans depends largely on the personal income of the borrowers, which can be affected by changes in economic conditions such as unemployment levels. Portfolio risk is mitigated by the fact that the loans are of smaller amounts spread over many borrowers.

Home equity loans are generally secured by 1-4 family residences that are owner-occupied. Old National has established underwriting standards such as minimum FICO scores, maximum loan-to-value ratios, and maximum debt-to-income ratios. Repayment of these loans depends largely on the personal income of the borrowers, which can be affected by changes in economic conditions such as unemployment levels. Portfolio risk is mitigated by the fact that the loans are of smaller amounts spread over many borrowers, along with monitoring of updated borrower credit scores.

Credit loss assumptions used when computing the level of expected credit losses are estimated using a model that categorizes loan pools based on loss history, delinquency status, and other credit trends and risk characteristics, including current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts about the future. The base forecast scenario considers unemployment, gross domestic product, home price index, and the BBB ratio (BBB spread to the 10-year U.S. Treasury rate). In addition to the quantitative inputs, several qualitative factors are considered. These factors include the risk that macroeconomic forecasts of unemployment, gross domestic product, home price index, and the BBB ratio may prove to be more severe and/or prolonged than our baseline forecast due to a variety of considerations. Old National’s activity in the allowance for credit losses on loans by portfolio segment was as follows:


(dollars in thousands)	Balance at Beginning of Period		Allowance Established for Acquired PCD Loans		Charge-offs		Recoveries		Provision for Loan Losses		Balance at End of Period
Three Months Ended September 30, 2025
Commercial	$	215,917	$	6,666	$	(22,068)	$	1,222	$	33,246	$	234,983
Commercial real estate	294,303		6,438		(8,016)		2,101		(11,999)		282,827
BBCC	2,488		—		(419)		25		364		2,458
Residential real estate	31,850		—		(25)		51		(445)		31,431
Indirect	8,430		—		(1,863)		690		704		7,961
Direct	2,564		—		(2,907)		648		2,113		2,418
Home equity	9,557		—		(104)		627		20		10,100
Total	$	565,109	$	13,104	$	(35,402)	$	5,364	$	24,003	$	572,178
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
Commercial	$	138,460	$	3,245	$	(11,512)	$	308	$	6,341	$	136,842
Commercial real estate	189,911		(442)		(2,799)		214		18,015		204,899
BBCC	2,897		—		(676)		56		415		2,692
Residential real estate	23,135		—		—		64		(1,711)		21,488
Indirect	1,233		—		(1,715)		290		5,853		5,661
Direct	3,131		—		(2,137)		475		958		2,427
Home equity	7,568		—		(126)		84		(695)		6,831
Total	$	366,335	$	2,803	$	(18,965)	$	1,491	$	29,176	$	380,840
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025
Commercial	$	148,722	$	37,158	$	(48,185)	$	3,477	$	93,811	$	234,983
Commercial real estate	200,309		66,049		(29,114)		2,494		43,089		282,827
BBCC	2,813		—		(476)		423		(302)		2,458
Residential real estate	22,922		148		(302)		288		8,375		31,431
Indirect	8,434		6		(5,562)		2,033		3,050		7,961
Direct	2,304		47		(5,988)		1,862		4,193		2,418
Home equity	7,018		138		(269)		1,137		2,076		10,100
Total	$	392,522	$	103,546	$	(89,896)	$	11,714	$	154,292	$	572,178
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Commercial	$	118,333	$	17,838	$	(25,098)	$	1,104	$	24,665	$	136,842
Commercial real estate	155,099		8,041		(12,541)		1,791		52,509		204,899
BBCC	2,887		—		(1,687)		304		1,188		2,692
Residential real estate	20,837		134		—		845		(328)		21,488
Indirect	1,236		—		(3,937)		957		7,405		5,661
Direct	3,169		59		(6,449)		1,527		4,121		2,427
Home equity	6,049		653		(314)		229		214		6,831
Total	$	307,610	$	26,725	$	(50,026)	$	6,757	$	89,774	$	380,840

The allowance for credit losses on loans at September 30, 2025 included $103.5 million of allowance for credit losses on acquired PCD loans established through acquisition accounting adjustments on or after the Bremer acquisition date. In addition, the provision for credit losses on loans in the nine months ended September 30, 2025 included $69.1 million to establish an allowance for credit losses on non-PCD Bremer loans acquired. The allowance for credit losses on loans at September 30, 2024 included $26.7 million of allowance for credit losses on

acquired PCD loans established through acquisition accounting adjustments on or after the CapStar acquisition date. In addition, the provision for credit losses on loans in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 included $15.3 million to establish an allowance for credit losses on non-PCD CapStar loans acquired. Accrued interest receivable on loans is excluded from the estimate of credit losses and totaled $226.6 million at September 30, 2025, compared to $171.6 million at December 31, 2024.

Old National maintains an allowance for credit losses on unfunded loan commitments to provide for the risk of loss inherent in these arrangements. The allowance is computed using a methodology similar to that used to determine the allowance for credit losses on loans, modified to take into account the probability of a drawdown on the commitment. The allowance for credit losses on unfunded loan commitments is classified as a liability account on the balance sheet within accrued expenses and other liabilities, while the corresponding provision for unfunded loan commitments is included in the provision for credit losses. Old National’s activity in the allowance for credit losses on unfunded loan commitments was as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in thousands)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Allowance for credit losses on unfunded loan commitments:
Balance at beginning of period	$	29,603	$	25,733	$	21,654	$	31,226
Provision for credit losses on unfunded loan commitments acquired during the period	—		—		6,458		1,763
Provision (release) for credit losses on unfunded loan commitments	2,735		(679)		4,226		(7,935)
Balance at end of period	$	32,338	$	25,054	$	32,338	$	25,054

Old National’s management monitors the credit quality of its loans on an ongoing basis with the asset quality rating (“AQR”) for commercial, commercial real estate, and BBCC loans reviewed annually or at renewal and the performance of its residential and consumer loans based upon the accrual status refreshed at least quarterly. Internally, management assigns an AQR to each non-homogeneous commercial, commercial real estate, and BBCC loan in the portfolio. The primary determinants of the AQR are the reliability of the primary source of repayment and the past, present, and projected financial condition of the borrower. The AQR will also consider current industry conditions. Major factors used in determining the AQR can vary based on the nature of the loan, but commonly include factors such as debt service coverage, internal cash flow, liquidity, leverage, operating performance, debt burden, FICO scores, occupancy, interest rate sensitivity, and expense burden. Old National uses the following definitions for risk ratings:


(dollars in thousands)	Origination Year														Revolving to Term
	2025		2024		2023		2022		2021		Prior		Revolving				Total
September 30, 2025
Commercial:

Pass	$	1,963,538	$	2,114,040	$	1,304,549	$	1,175,774	$	801,522	$	2,040,836	$	2,904,090	$	723,505	$	13,027,854
Special Mention	18,546		52,736		91,278		29,264		4,598		83,563		56,994		9,964		346,943
Classified:
Substandard	17,189		95,173		148,897		70,993		99,347		131,139		115,613		56,399		734,750
Nonaccrual	37		2,113		14,644		15,754		2,576		9,151		3,039		1,696		49,010
Doubtful	—		8,725		22,214		27,805		1,818		7,807		7,014		52,847		128,230
Total	$	1,999,310	$	2,272,787	$	1,581,582	$	1,319,590	$	909,861	$	2,272,496	$	3,086,750	$	844,411	$	14,286,787


Commercial real estate:

Pass	$	2,471,748	$	2,398,463	$	2,789,857	$	3,763,365	$	2,087,653	$	5,368,342	$	143,852	$	888,846	$	19,912,126
Special Mention	4,098		19,355		63,971		141,199		124,938		141,045		16,314		27,468		538,388
Classified:
Substandard	10,749		17,920		126,618		296,904		204,007		363,437		31,365		90,219		1,141,219
Nonaccrual	—		7,072		5,087		40,963		26,067		38,297		—		27,618		145,104
Doubtful	—		—		19,198		12,344		28,244		86,681		—		27,498		173,965
Total	$	2,486,595	$	2,442,810	$	3,004,731	$	4,254,775	$	2,470,909	$	5,997,802	$	191,531	$	1,061,649	$	21,910,802


BBCC:

Pass	$	42,648	$	55,346	$	54,848	$	37,661	$	22,209	$	80,716	$	63,839	$	18,642	$	375,909
Special Mention	50		767		559		575		268		1,319		1,924		2,316		7,778
Classified:
Substandard	90		397		980		486		44		464		37		2,827		5,325
Nonaccrual	—		—		14		50		15		321		30		407		837
Doubtful	—		—		260		159		368		470		—		1,414		2,671
Total	$	42,788	$	56,510	$	56,661	$	38,931	$	22,904	$	83,290	$	65,830	$	25,606	$	392,520


	Origination Year														Revolving to Term
	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior		Revolving				Total
December 31, 2024
Commercial:

Pass	$	1,852,046	$	1,267,721	$	1,145,488	$	699,429	$	450,332	$	624,522	$	2,577,941	$	593,232	$	9,210,711
Special Mention	46,935		102,372		32,250		40,221		21,538		20,535		80,625		28,978		373,454
Classified:
Substandard	27,139		49,340		77,835		35,036		19,307		25,503		78,210		40,217		352,587
Nonaccrual	2,221		1,072		4,199		1,530		604		1,357		719		829		12,531
Doubtful	3,419		20,145		27,016		1,774		5,451		1,494		15,405		32,272		106,976
Total	$	1,931,760	$	1,440,650	$	1,286,788	$	777,990	$	497,232	$	673,411	$	2,752,900	$	695,528	$	10,056,259

Commercial real estate:

Pass	$	2,196,306	$	2,555,236	$	3,825,305	$	2,065,037	$	1,362,703	$	1,641,611	$	122,708	$	891,682	$	14,660,588
Special Mention	72,020		31,203		158,254		48,524		37,693		64,357		—		111,900		523,951
Classified:
Substandard	47,079		55,923		249,269		102,913		39,466		142,110		996		76,897		714,653
Nonaccrual	3,693		411		3,579		15,922		1,930		3,231		—		118		28,884
Doubtful	7,787		9,689		16,501		37,455		22,817		59,879		—		50,844		204,972
Total	$	2,326,885	$	2,652,462	$	4,252,908	$	2,269,851	$	1,464,609	$	1,911,188	$	123,704	$	1,131,441	$	16,133,048

BBCC:

Pass	$	79,760	$	78,420	$	55,687	$	33,857	$	30,215	$	22,797	$	67,668	$	16,265	$	384,669
Special Mention	1,579		1,067		807		917		21		224		3,582		3,028		11,225
Classified:
Substandard	468		976		56		136		598		308		755		2,876		6,173
Nonaccrual	—		114		312		177		63		119		—		551		1,336
Doubtful	—		397		841		350		15		845		—		888		3,336
Total	$	81,807	$	80,974	$	57,703	$	35,437	$	30,912	$	24,293	$	72,005	$	23,608	$	406,739


	Origination Year														Revolving to Term
(dollars in thousands)	2025		2024		2023		2022		2021		Prior		Revolving				Total
September 30, 2025
Residential real estate:
Risk Rating:
Performing	$	496,387	$	579,883	$	607,232	$	1,624,263	$	2,035,084	$	2,783,580	$	—	$	252	$	8,126,681
Nonperforming	622		2,760		8,003		16,982		5,040		30,039		—		—		63,446
Total	$	497,009	$	582,643	$	615,235	$	1,641,245	$	2,040,124	$	2,813,619	$	—	$	252	$	8,190,127


Indirect:
Risk Rating:
Performing	$	306,534	$	332,395	$	194,890	$	146,486	$	52,820	$	20,525	$	161	$	—	$	1,053,811
Nonperforming	116		1,220		1,405		1,199		717		266		—		—		4,923
Total	$	306,650	$	333,615	$	196,295	$	147,685	$	53,537	$	20,791	$	161	$	—	$	1,058,734


Direct:
Risk Rating:
Performing	$	68,671	$	73,076	$	60,987	$	62,339	$	49,941	$	90,699	$	171,685	$	7,262	$	584,660
Nonperforming	17		250		290		264		362		3,277		1		12		4,473
Total	$	68,688	$	73,326	$	61,277	$	62,603	$	50,303	$	93,976	$	171,686	$	7,274	$	589,133


Home equity:
Risk Rating:
Performing	$	22,914	$	29,855	$	23,233	$	25,485	$	19,736	$	52,061	$	1,298,408	$	49,959	$	1,521,651
Nonperforming	—		—		—		772		42		2,926		1,408		13,013		18,161
Total	$	22,914	$	29,855	$	23,233	$	26,257	$	19,778	$	54,987	$	1,299,816	$	62,972	$	1,539,812


	Origination Year														Revolving to Term
	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior		Revolving				Total
December 31, 2024
Residential real estate:
Risk Rating:
Performing	$	509,704	$	476,698	$	1,455,085	$	1,662,195	$	1,574,961	$	1,058,175	$	43	$	271	$	6,737,132
Nonperforming	480		5,060		11,210		6,298		5,208		32,198		—		—		60,454
Total	$	510,184	$	481,758	$	1,466,295	$	1,668,493	$	1,580,169	$	1,090,373	$	43	$	271	$	6,797,586

Indirect:
Risk Rating:
Performing	$	438,835	$	279,910	$	227,691	$	92,223	$	37,937	$	14,810	$	—	$	—	$	1,091,406
Nonperforming	714		1,147		1,498		1,378		373		262		—		—		5,372
Total	$	439,549	$	281,057	$	229,189	$	93,601	$	38,310	$	15,072	$	—	$	—	$	1,096,778

Direct:
Risk Rating:
Performing	$	83,773	$	72,838	$	66,563	$	61,317	$	34,159	$	80,188	$	108,572	$	3,327	$	510,737
Nonperforming	96		313		365		352		468		1,730		1		82		3,407
Total	$	83,869	$	73,151	$	66,928	$	61,669	$	34,627	$	81,918	$	108,573	$	3,409	$	514,144

Home equity:
Risk Rating:
Performing	$	—	$	—	$	259	$	210	$	1,135	$	11,005	$	1,216,226	$	31,787	$	1,260,622
Nonperforming	—		—		1,278		91		209		4,920		2,594		11,619		20,711
Total	$	—	$	—	$	1,537	$	301	$	1,344	$	15,925	$	1,218,820	$	43,406	$	1,281,333


	Origination Year
(dollars in thousands)	2025		2024		2023		2022		2021		Prior		Revolving		Total
Three Months Ended September 30, 2025
Commercial	$	684	$	6,106	$	2,235	$	7,155	$	2,229	$	3,659	$	—		$	22,068
Commercial real estate	—		—		603		1,024		2,787		3,602		—			8,016
BBCC	—		—		303		94		10		12		—			419
Residential real estate	—		—		—		—		—		25		—			25
Indirect	213		504		634		291		146		75		—			1,863
Direct	13		93		114		154		103		1,741		689			2,907
Home equity	—		—		—		101		—		3		—			104
Total gross charge-offs	$	910	$	6,703	$	3,889	$	8,819	$	5,275	$	9,117	$	689		$	35,402

	Origination Year
	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior		Revolving		Total
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
Commercial	$	1,234	$	8,031	$	633	$	297	$	840	$	55	$	422		$	11,512
Commercial real estate	—		140		61		44		—		2,554		—			2,799
BBCC	—		481		164		21		—		10		—			676
Residential real estate	—		—		—		—		—		—		—			—
Indirect	199		797		360		110		41		208		—			1,715
Direct	8		97		398		475		224		214		721			2,137
Home equity	—		—		—		—		—		126		—			126
Total gross charge-offs	$	1,441	$	9,546	$	1,616	$	947	$	1,105	$	3,167	$	1,143		$	18,965

	Origination Year
	2025		2024		2023		2022		2021		Prior		Revolving		Total
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025
Commercial	$	684	$	12,987	$	7,030	$	18,212	$	2,818	$	6,454	$	—		$	48,185
Commercial real estate	—		—		906		2,980		14,783		10,445		—			29,114
BBCC	—		—		316		125		23		12		—			476
Residential real estate	—		—		—		—		—		302		—			302
Indirect	225		1,834		1,867		995		439		202		—			5,562
Direct	227		428		447		897		945		2,329		715			5,988
Home equity	—		—		—		101		—		168		—			269
Total gross charge-offs	$	1,136	$	15,249	$	10,566	$	23,310	$	19,008	$	19,912	$	715		$	89,896

	Origination Year
	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior		Revolving		Total
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Commercial	$	1,234	$	10,389	$	10,263	$	719	$	891	$	625	$	977		$	25,098
Commercial real estate	—		140		84		2,688		—		9,629		—			12,541
BBCC	—		1,086		393		56		112		40		—			1,687
Residential real estate	—		—		—		—		—		—		—			—
Indirect	253		1,698		1,209		431		80		266		—			3,937
Direct	83		292		1,368		1,351		510		609		2,236			6,449
Home equity	—		—		—		34		—		280		—			314
Total gross charge-offs	$	1,570	$	13,605	$	13,317	$	5,279	$	1,593	$	11,449	$	3,213		$	50,026

Old National does not record interest on nonaccrual loans until principal is recovered. For all loan classes, a loan is generally placed on nonaccrual status when principal or interest becomes 90 days past due unless it is well secured and in the process of collection, or earlier when concern exists as to the ultimate collectability of principal or interest. Interest accrued but not received is reversed against earnings. Cash interest received on these loans is applied to the principal balance until the principal is recovered or until the loan returns to accrual status. Loans may


(dollars in thousands)	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		Past Due 90 Days or More		Total Past Due		Current		Total Loans
September 30, 2025
Commercial	$	13,443	$	30,769	$	66,327	$	110,539	$	14,176,248	$	14,286,787
Commercial real estate	6,057		18,547		152,683		177,287		21,733,515		21,910,802
BBCC	909		1,610		1,394		3,913		388,607		392,520
Residential	34,312		15,472		35,813		85,597		8,104,530		8,190,127
Indirect	8,178		2,231		1,217		11,626		1,047,108		1,058,734
Direct	1,644		856		1,909		4,409		584,724		589,133
Home equity	6,514		2,403		9,163		18,080		1,521,732		1,539,812
Total	$	71,057	$	71,888	$	268,506	$	411,451	$	47,556,464	$	47,967,915

December 31, 2024
Commercial	$	5,970	$	12,021	$	47,257	$	65,248	$	9,991,011	$	10,056,259
Commercial real estate	19,240		12,728		60,145		92,113		16,040,935		16,133,048
BBCC	1,227		861		1,430		3,518		403,221		406,739
Residential	49,331		12,085		26,698		88,114		6,709,472		6,797,586
Indirect	9,700		2,675		1,463		13,838		1,082,940		1,096,778
Direct	2,004		970		1,470		4,444		509,700		514,144
Home equity	4,765		3,399		7,567		15,731		1,265,602		1,281,333
Total	$	92,237	$	44,739	$	146,030	$	283,006	$	36,002,881	$	36,285,887


	September 30, 2025						December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands)	Nonaccrual Amortized Cost		Nonaccrual With No Related Allowance		Past Due 90 Days or More and Accruing		Nonaccrual Amortized Cost		Nonaccrual With No Related Allowance		Past Due 90 Days or More and Accruing
Commercial	$	177,240	$	14,043	$	394	$	119,507	$	30,551	$	861
Commercial real estate	319,069		81,537		1,046		233,856		64,453		3,126
BBCC	3,508		—		—		4,672		—		—
Residential	63,446		—		34		60,454		—		—
Indirect	4,923		—		18		5,372		—		—
Direct	4,473		—		33		3,407		—		—
Home equity	18,161		—		—		20,711		—		73
Total	$	590,820	$	95,580	$	1,525	$	447,979	$	95,004	$	4,060

When management determines that foreclosure is probable, expected credit losses for collateral dependent loans are based on the fair value of the collateral at the reporting date, adjusted for selling costs as appropriate. A loan is considered collateral dependent when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, and the loan is expected to be repaid substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral. The class of loan represents the primary collateral type associated with the loan. Significant quarter-over-quarter changes are reflective of changes in nonaccrual status and not necessarily associated with credit quality indicators like appraisal value. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans by class of loan:


	Type of Collateral
(dollars in thousands)	Real Estate		Blanket Lien		Investment Securities/Cash		Auto		Other
September 30, 2025
Commercial	$	23,980	$	129,535	$	7,141	$	5,530	$	2,338
Commercial real estate	305,228		3,434		1,362		—		119
BBCC	1,332		1,475		284		132		—
Residential	63,446		—		—		—		—
Indirect	—		—		—		4,923		—
Direct	3,843		16		—		291		85
Home equity	18,161		—		—		—		—
Total loans	$	415,990	$	134,460	$	8,787	$	10,876	$	2,542

December 31, 2024
Commercial	$	17,520	$	68,985	$	6,980	$	6,544	$	5,215
Commercial real estate	228,952		542		1,046		—		—
BBCC	3,201		1,137		86		248		—
Residential	60,454		—		—		—		—
Indirect	—		—		—		5,372		—
Direct	2,623		16		23		396		34
Home equity	20,711		—		—		—		—
Total loans	$	333,461	$	70,680	$	8,135	$	12,560	$	5,249


(dollars in thousands)	Term Extension		Payment Delay		Interest Rate Reduction		Total Class of Loans
Three Months Ended September 30, 2025
Commercial	$	—	$	—	$	8,376	0.1	%
Commercial real estate	68,546		—		—		0.3	%





Total	$	68,546	$	—	$	8,376	0.2	%

Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
Commercial	$	17,969	$	4,776	$	—	0.2	%
Commercial real estate	11,121		2,554		—		0.1	%





Total	$	29,090	$	7,330	$	—	0.1	%

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025
Commercial	$	63,035	$	—	$	8,376	0.5	%
Commercial real estate	162,698		—		—		0.7	%





Total	$	225,733	$	—	$	8,376	0.5	%

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Commercial	$	27,085	$	4,776	$	—	0.3	%
Commercial real estate	56,051		2,554		—		0.4	%





Total	$	83,136	$	7,330	$	—	0.2	%


(dollars in thousands)	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		Past Due 90 Days or More		Total Past Due		Current		Total Loans
September 30, 2025
Commercial	$	—	$	—	$	8,222	$	8,222	$	63,189	$	71,411
Commercial real estate	—		—		8,655		8,655		154,043		162,698





Total	$	—	$	—	$	16,877	$	16,877	$	217,232	$	234,109

September 30, 2024
Commercial	$	—	$	—	$	3,854	$	3,854	$	31,861	$	35,715
Commercial real estate	5,707		3,726		21,463		30,896		67,421		98,317





Total	$	5,707	$	3,726	$	25,317	$	34,750	$	99,282	$	134,032


(dollars in thousands)	Weighted- Average Term Extension (in months)	Weighted- Average Payment Delay (in months)	Weighted- Average Interest Rate Reduction
Three Months Ended September 30, 2025
Commercial	—	—	1.50	%
Commercial real estate	8.3	—	—	%





Total	8.3	—	1.50	%

Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
Commercial	4.4	6.0	—	%
Commercial real estate	6.5	7.0	—	%





Total	5.2	6.4	—	%

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025
Commercial	4.5	—	1.50	%
Commercial real estate	8.1	—	—	%





Total	7.0	—	1.50	%

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Commercial	6.8	6.0	—	%
Commercial real estate	8.8	7.0	—	%





Total	8.2	6.4	—	%

There were no payment defaults of loans during the three months ended September 30, 2025 to borrowers whose loans were modified due to financial difficulties within the previous twelve months. There were payment defaults on $16.9 million of loans during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 to borrowers whose loans were modified due to financial difficulties within the previous twelve months. The payment defaults did not materially impact the allowance for credit losses on loans. There were payment defaults on $3.9 million and $25.3 million of loans during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, to borrowers whose loans had been modified within the previous twelve months.