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Income taxes - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended
--- | ---
Dec. 31, 2019 | Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017
Income Taxes |  |  |
Deferred tax assets gross | $ 1,530,481 | $ 1,641,682 |
Valuation allowance | 499,975 | 496,307 |
Net deferred tax assets (net of valuation allowance) | 886,353 | 1,049,895 |
Gross deferred income liabilities | 145,521 | 96,406 |
Net deferred tax asset | 884,985 | 1,048,969 |
Unrecognized Tax Benefits Interest On Income Taxes Accrued | 3,500 | 2,800 |
Unrecognized Tax Benefits That Would Impact Effective Tax Rate | 10,500 | 9,000 |
Recognized Tax Benefits Current Interest On Income Taxes Accrued | 664 | 615 |
Unrecognized Tax Benefits Expected Decreases Resulting From Settlements With Taxing Authorities | 2,100 |  |
Income tax expense | 147,181 | 119,579 | $ 230,830
Interest Expense Reduction Due To Expiration Of The Statue Of Limitations | 26,000 | 483 |
Deferred tax asset unrecognized tax benefit | 8,700 |  |
Closing Agreement with the Puerto Rico Department of Treasury |  |  |
Income Taxes |  |  |
Income tax expense |  | 108,900 |
FDIC Termination Agreement |  |  |
Income Taxes |  |  |
Income tax expense |  | 45,000 |
"Deemed sale" incremental tax liability at the capital gains rate | Closing Agreement with the Puerto Rico Department of Treasury |  |  |
Income Taxes |  |  |
Income tax expense |  | 49,800 |
Increase in the deferred tax asset due to increase in the tax basis of the loans | Closing Agreement with the Puerto Rico Department of Treasury |  |  |
Income Taxes |  |  |
Income tax expense |  | 158,700 |
Qualified Plan |  |  |
Income Taxes |  |  |
Deferred Tax Assets, Other Loss Carryforwards | 29,000 |  |
Other liabilities |  |  |
Income Taxes |  |  |
Net deferred tax liabilities | 1,400 | 926 |
PUERTO RICO |  |  |
Income Taxes |  |  |
Deferred tax assets gross | 764,433 | 879,801 |
Valuation allowance | 100,175 | 89,852 |
Gross deferred income liabilities | 86,422 | 68,483 |
Net deferred tax asset | $ 577,836 | 721,466 |
Dividends Received Deduction From Controlled Subsidiary Percentage | 100.00% |  |
Dividends Received Deductions From Other Taxable Domestic Corporations Percentage | 85.00% |  |
Income tax expense | $ 147,181 | $ 119,579 | $ 230,830
Corporate tax rate | 37.50% | 39.00% | 39.00%
Income tax expense recognized attributable to Law Act No. 257 |  | $ 27,700 |
Tax benefit related to the tax benefit of the exempt income | $ 145,597 | 97,199 | $ 76,815
UNITED STATES |  |  |
Income Taxes |  |  |
Deferred tax assets gross | 766,048 | 761,881 |
Valuation allowance | 399,800 | 406,455 |
Gross deferred income liabilities | 59,099 | 27,923 |
Deferred Tax Assets | 707,000 |  |
Net deferred tax asset | $ 307,149 | $ 327,503 |

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