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Income taxes - Components of deferred tax assets and liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019
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Deferred tax assets: |  |
Tax credits available for carryforward | $ 7,637 | $ 7,637
Net operating loss and other carryforward available | 835,492 | 829,599
Postretirement and pension benefits | 81,912 | 82,623
Allowance for loan losses | 504,011 | 416,456
Accelerated depreciation | 8,347 | 8,353
FDIC-assisted transaction | 82,936 | 82,684
Operating lease liabilities | 45,483 | 46,081
Difference in outside basis from pass-through entities | 53,892 | 21,670
Other temporary differences | 39,595 | 34,014
Total gross deferred tax assets | 1,659,519 | 1,530,481
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |
Indefinite-lived intangibles | 75,395 | 73,469
Unrealized net gain (loss) on trading and available-for-sale securities | 88,383 | 16,067
Operating ROU assets | 41,441 | 42,028
Other temporary differences | 13,106 | 13,957
Total gross deferred tax liabilities | 218,325 | 145,521
Valuation allowance | 513,244 | 499,975
Net deferred tax asset | 927,950 | 884,985
PUERTO RICO |  |
Deferred tax assets: |  |
Tax credits available for carryforward | 2,368 | 2,368
Net operating loss and other carryforward available | 117,927 | 112,803
Postretirement and pension benefits | 81,912 | 82,623
Allowance for loan losses | 465,054 | 405,475
Accelerated depreciation | 3,439 | 3,439
FDIC-assisted transaction | 82,936 | 82,684
Operating lease liabilities | 22,847 | 22,694
Difference in outside basis from pass-through entities | 53,892 | 21,670
Other temporary differences | 31,893 | 26,554
Total gross deferred tax assets | 865,646 | 764,433
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |
Indefinite-lived intangibles | 38,243 | 37,411
Unrealized net gain (loss) on trading and available-for-sale securities | 81,077 | 15,635
Operating ROU assets | 20,739 | 20,598
Other temporary differences | 11,924 | 12,778
Total gross deferred tax liabilities | 151,983 | 86,422
Valuation allowance | 105,165 | 100,175
Net deferred tax asset | 608,498 | 577,836
UNITED STATES |  |
Deferred tax assets: |  |
Tax credits available for carryforward | 5,269 | 5,269
Net operating loss and other carryforward available | 717,565 | 716,796
Postretirement and pension benefits | 0 | 0
Allowance for loan losses | 38,957 | 10,981
Accelerated depreciation | 4,908 | 4,914
FDIC-assisted transaction | 0 | 0
Operating lease liabilities | 22,636 | 23,387
Difference in outside basis from pass-through entities | 0 | 0
Other temporary differences | 7,702 | 7,460
Total gross deferred tax assets | 793,873 | 766,048
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |
Indefinite-lived intangibles | 37,152 | 36,058
Unrealized net gain (loss) on trading and available-for-sale securities | 7,306 | 432
Operating ROU assets | 20,702 | 21,430
Other temporary differences | 1,182 | 1,179
Total gross deferred tax liabilities | 66,342 | 59,099
Valuation allowance | 408,079 | 399,800
Net deferred tax asset | 319,452 | 307,149
Deferred loans origination fees |  |
Deferred tax assets: |  |
Deferred income | (1,121) | (240)
Deferred loans origination fees | PUERTO RICO |  |
Deferred tax assets: |  |
Deferred income | 2,043 | 2,519
Deferred loans origination fees | UNITED STATES |  |
Deferred tax assets: |  |
Deferred income | (3,164) | (2,759)
Intercompany deferred gains |  |
Deferred tax assets: |  |
Deferred income | 1,335 | 1,604
Intercompany deferred gains | PUERTO RICO |  |
Deferred tax assets: |  |
Deferred income | 1,335 | 1,604
Intercompany deferred gains | UNITED STATES |  |
Deferred tax assets: |  |
Deferred income | $ 0 | $ 0

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- Definition The sum of the tax effects as of the balance sheet date of the amount of excesses of tax deductions over gross income in a year which cannot be used on the tax returns in the current year but can be carried forward to reduce taxable income or income taxes payable in a future year, for which there must be sufficient tax-basis income to utilize a portion or all of the carryforward amount to realize the deferred tax asset (Includes operating loss and pension carryforwards). + References No definition available. + Details
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