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Income taxes - Components of deferred tax assets and liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Sep. 30, 2025 | Dec. 31, 2024
--- | --- | ---
Deferred tax assets: |  |
Tax credits available for carryforward | $ 43,243 | $ 29,589
Net operating loss and other carryforward available | 644,916 | 662,490
Postretirement and pension benefits | 28,228 | 27,786
Allowance for credit losses | 277,547 | 271,568
Deferred loan origination fees/cost | 1,689 |
Depreciation | 15,442 | 14,929
FDIC-assisted transaction | 152,665 | 152,665
Lease liability | 46,612 | 41,618
Unrealized net loss on investment securities | 193,613 | 273,407
Difference in outside basis from pass-through entities | 53,182 | 50,144
Mortgage Servicing Rights | 15,051 | 14,475
Other temporary differences | 42,253 | 50,199
Total gross deferred tax assets | 1,514,441 | 1,588,870
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |
Intangibles | 146,526 | 144,277
Right of use assets | 42,175 | 37,238
Deferred loan origination fees/cost |  | 205
Loans acquired | 17,244 | 18,415
Other temporary differences | 7,905 | 7,228
Total gross deferred tax liabilities | 213,850 | 207,363
Valuation allowance | 465,048 | 456,751
Net deferred tax asset | 835,543 | 924,756
PR |  |
Deferred tax assets: |  |
Tax credits available for carryforward | 4,861 | 4,861
Net operating loss and other carryforward available | 60,370 | 52,211
Postretirement and pension benefits | 28,228 | 27,786
Allowance for credit losses | 249,065 | 247,153
Deferred loan origination fees/cost | 4,533 |
Depreciation | 7,700 | 7,700
FDIC-assisted transaction | 152,665 | 152,665
Lease liability | 28,040 | 25,167
Unrealized net loss on investment securities | 179,530 | 252,411
Difference in outside basis from pass-through entities | 53,182 | 50,144
Mortgage Servicing Rights | 15,051 | 14,475
Other temporary differences | 33,698 | 41,127
Total gross deferred tax assets | 816,923 | 875,700
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |
Intangibles | 91,503 | 88,351
Right of use assets | 25,509 | 22,784
Deferred loan origination fees/cost |  | (1,880)
Loans acquired | 17,244 | 18,415
Other temporary differences | 7,476 | 6,799
Total gross deferred tax liabilities | 141,732 | 134,469
Valuation allowance | 78,134 | 69,837
Net deferred tax asset | 597,057 | 671,394
US |  |
Deferred tax assets: |  |
Tax credits available for carryforward | 38,382 | 24,728
Net operating loss and other carryforward available | 584,546 | 610,279
Postretirement and pension benefits | 0 | 0
Allowance for credit losses | 28,482 | 24,415
Deferred loan origination fees/cost | (2,844) |
Depreciation | 7,742 | 7,229
FDIC-assisted transaction | 0 | 0
Lease liability | 18,572 | 16,451
Unrealized net loss on investment securities | 14,083 | 20,996
Difference in outside basis from pass-through entities | 0 | 0
Mortgage Servicing Rights | 0 | 0
Other temporary differences | 8,555 | 9,072
Total gross deferred tax assets | 697,518 | 713,170
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |
Intangibles | 55,023 | 55,926
Right of use assets | 16,666 | 14,454
Deferred loan origination fees/cost |  | 2,085
Loans acquired | 0 | 0
Other temporary differences | 429 | 429
Total gross deferred tax liabilities | 72,118 | 72,894
Valuation allowance | 386,914 | 386,914
Net deferred tax asset | $ 238,486 | $ 253,362

X
- Definition The sum of the tax effects as of the balance sheet date of the amount of excesses of tax deductions over gross income in a year which cannot be used on the tax returns in the current year but can be carried forward to reduce taxable income or income taxes payable in a future year, for which there must be sufficient tax-basis income to utilize a portion or all of the carryforward amount to realize the deferred tax asset (Includes operating loss and pension carryforwards). + References No definition available. + Details
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