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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
 12 Months Ended
Jan. 30, 2021
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Summary of Significant Accounting PoliciesDescription of Business
Five Below, Inc. (collectively referred to herein with its wholly owned subsidiary as the "Company") is a specialty value retailer offering merchandise targeted at the tween and teen demographic. The Company offers an edited assortment of products, with most priced at $5 and below. The Company’s edited assortment of products includes select brands and licensed merchandise. The Company believes its merchandise is readily available and that there are a number of potential vendors that could be utilized, if necessary, under approximately the same terms the Company is currently receiving; thus, it is not dependent on a single vendor or a group of vendors.
The Company is incorporated in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and, as of January 30, 2021, operated in 38 states that include Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, West Virginia, North Carolina, New York, Connecticut, Rhode Island, Ohio, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Missouri, Georgia, Texas, Tennessee, Maine, Alabama, Kentucky, Kansas, Florida, South Carolina, Mississippi, Louisiana, Wisconsin, Oklahoma, Minnesota, California, Arkansas, Iowa, Nebraska, Arizona, Nevada and Colorado. As of January 30, 2021 and February 1, 2020, the Company operated 1,020 stores and 900 stores, respectively, each operating under the name “Five Below”, and sells merchandise on the internet, through the Company's fivebelow.com e-commerce website.
The Company's consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Five Below, Inc. and its subsidiary (1616 Holdings, Inc., formerly known as Five Below Merchandising, Inc.). All intercompany transactions and accounts are eliminated in the consolidation of the Company's and subsidiary's financial statements.
Impact of COVID-19As a result of the coronavirus (or COVID-19) pandemic in 2020, federal, state and local governments and private entities mandated various restrictions. Such mandates required reduction of operating hours and forced temporary closures of certain retailers and other businesses. As a result of these restrictions and out of concern for its customers and employees, the Company temporarily closed all of its stores as of March 20, 2020, with stores beginning to reopen at the end of April in compliance with federal, state and local requirements. To seek to mitigate the effects of the pandemic and to create financial flexibility, the Company took a number of actions to preserve liquidity (some of which were temporary in nature such as temporary pay reductions or furloughs, and some of which were more permanent, such as the amendment of the Company’s credit facility). The Company also took certain actions designed to ensure, as much as possible, a safe working environment for employees and a safe shopping environment for its customers. Depending on future developments with respect to the COVID-19 pandemic, including any new federal, state and local governmental restrictions that may be imposed, the Company may determine to reinstate any of the foregoing temporary mitigation measures or take any additional steps that the Company considers necessary. If the pandemic were to worsen, the Company's business operations and results of operations, including its net sales, earnings and cash flows, may be materially impacted. Fiscal YearThe Company operates on a 52/53-week fiscal year ending on the Saturday closest to January 31. References to "fiscal year 2020" or "fiscal 2020" refer to the period from February 2, 2020 to January 30, 2021, which consists of a 52-week fiscal year. References to "fiscal year 2019" or "fiscal 2019" refer to the period from February 3, 2019 to February 1, 2020, which consists of a 52-week fiscal year. References to "fiscal year 2018" or "fiscal 2018" refer to the period from February 4, 2018 to February 2, 2019, which consists of a 52-week fiscal year. Cash and Cash EquivalentsThe Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with a maturity date of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Our cash equivalents consist of credit and debit card receivables, money market funds, corporate bonds and municipal bonds with original maturities of 90 days or less, which are classified as cash and cash equivalents in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The majority of payments due from banks for third-party credit card and debit card transactions resulting from customer purchases at the Company’s retail stores process within 24 to 48 hours, except for transactions occurring on a Friday, which are generally processed the following Monday. Amounts due from banks for these transactions classified as cash equivalents totaled $12.8 million and $8.9 million as of January 30, 2021 and February 1, 2020, respectively. Book overdrafts, which are outstanding checks in excess of funds on deposit, are recorded within accounts payable in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and within operating activities in the accompanying consolidated statements of cash flows. As of January 30, 2021 and February 1, 2020, the Company had cash equivalents of $250.7 million and $200.1 million, respectively.Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified using the following hierarchy, which is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation at the measurement date:
Level 1: Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2: Inputs, other than Level 1, that are either directly or indirectly observable.
Level 3: Unobservable inputs developed using the Company’s estimates and assumptions which reflect those that market participants would use.
The classification of fair value measurements within the hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the measurement.
The Company’s financial instruments consist primarily of cash equivalents, short-term investment securities, accounts payable, and borrowings, if any, under a line of credit (as defined in note 5). The Company believes that: (1) the carrying value of cash equivalents and accounts payable are representative of their respective fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments; and (2) the carrying value of any current or future borrowings under the line of credit approximates their fair value because the line of credit’s interest rates vary with market interest rates. Under the fair value hierarchy, the fair market values of cash equivalents and the investments in corporate bonds are level 1 while the investments in municipal bonds are level 2. The fair market values of level 2 investments are determined by management with the assistance of a third party pricing service. Since quoted prices in active markets for identical assets are not available, these prices are determined by the third party pricing service using observable market information such as quotes from less active markets and quoted prices of similar securities.
As of January 30, 2021 and February 1, 2020, the Company's short-term investment securities are classified as held-to-maturity since the Company has the intent and ability to hold the investments to maturity. Such securities are carried at amortized cost plus accrued interest and consist of the following (in thousands):
As of January 30, 2021
Amortized CostGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesFair Market Value
Short-term:
Corporate bonds
$95,530 $— $53 $95,477 
Municipal bonds
45,398 — 7 45,391 
Total$140,928 $— $60 $140,868 
As of February 1, 2020
Amortized CostGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesFair Market Value
Short-term:
Corporate bonds
$58,625 $— $4 $58,621 
Municipal bonds
604 — — 604 
Total
$59,229 $— $4 $59,225 
Short-term investment securities as of January 30, 2021 and February 1, 2020 all mature in one year or less.
InventoriesInventories consist of finished goods purchased for resale, including freight and tariffs, and are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value, at the individual product level. Cost is determined on a weighted average cost method. Management of the Company reviews inventory levels in order to identify slow-moving merchandise and uses markdowns to clear merchandise. Inventory cost is reduced when the selling price less costs of disposal is below cost. The Company accrues an estimate for inventory shrink for the period between the last physical count and the balance sheet date. The shrink estimate can be affected by changes in merchandise mix and changes in actual shrink trends.Prepaid Expenses and Other Current AssetsPrepaid expenses in fiscal 2020 and fiscal 2019 were $19.0 million and $17.2 million, respectively. Other current assets in fiscal 2020 and fiscal 2019 were $39.1 million and $58.7 million, respectively. Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost. Additions and improvements are capitalized, while repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred.
Depreciation and amortization is recorded using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated useful lives of the assets or the terms of the respective leases, if applicable. The estimated useful lives are three to ten years for furniture and fixtures and computers and equipment. Store leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the useful life or the lease term plus assumed extensions, which is generally ten years. Leasehold improvements located in the distribution centers and the corporate headquarters are amortized over the shorter of the useful life or the lease term. Depreciation and amortization expense for property and equipment, which is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations, was $69.3 million, $55.0 million and $41.5 million in fiscal 2020, fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018, respectively.
Property and equipment, net, consists of the following (in thousands):
January 30, 2021February 1, 2020
Land$23,541 $14,773 
Furniture and fixtures261,324 202,340 
Leasehold improvements319,353 240,664 
Computers and equipment164,765 117,803 
Construction in process74,387 78,577 
Property and equipment, gross843,370 654,157 
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization(278,019)(215,071)
Property and equipment, net$565,351 $439,086 
Impairment of Long-Lived AssetsLong-lived assets, such as property and equipment, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. Assets are grouped and evaluated for impairment at the lowest level of which there are identifiable cash flows, which is generally at a store level. Assets are reviewed for impairment using factors including, but not limited to, the Company's future operating plans and projected cash flows. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its estimated undiscounted future cash flows, then an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Fair value is based on discounted future cash flows of the asset using a discount rate commensurate with the risk. In the event of a store closure, the Company will record an impairment charge, if appropriate, or accelerate depreciation over the revised useful life of the asset. Based on its Company's most recent analysis, management believes that no impairment of long-lived assets exists for the period ended January 30, 2021.Deferred Financing CostsDeferred financing costs are amortized to interest expense over the term of the related credit agreement. As of January 30, 2021, the Company had $1.6 million remaining on the balance sheet within Other Assets. As of February 1, 2020, the Company had an immaterial balance remaining on the balance sheet. Operating LeasesThe Company leases store locations, distribution centers, the corporate headquarters and equipment used in its operations and evaluates and classifies its leases as operating or capital leases for financial reporting purposes. Any assets held under a finance lease are included in property and equipment, net.
Operating lease expense is recorded on a straight-line basis over the lease term. At the inception of a lease, the Company determines the lease term, which includes periods under the exercise of renewal options that are reasonably assured. Renewal options are exercised at the Company's sole discretion. In September 2016, the Company signed a 15 year lease for a new corporate headquarters location in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The Company currently occupies approximately 190,000 square feet of office space with multiple options to expand in the future. The lease agreement expires in early 2033 with three successive options to renew for additional terms up to approximately fifteen years. The distribution center in Olive Branch, Mississippi is leased under a lease agreement expiring in 2022 with options to renew for three successive five-year periods. The distribution center in Pedricktown, New Jersey is leased under a lease agreement expiring in 2025 with options to renew for three successive five-year periods. Generally, the Company’s store leases have expected lease terms of ten years, which are comprised of an initial term of ten years or an initial term of five years and one assumed five-year extension, resulting in a ten-year life. The expected lease term is used to determine whether a lease is finance or operating and to calculate straight-line rent expense.
Substantially all of the Company's leases include options that allow the Company to renew or extend the lease term beyond the initial lease period, subject to terms and conditions agreed upon at the inception of the lease. Such terms and conditions include rental rates agreed upon at the inception of the lease that could represent below or above market rental rates later in the life of the lease, depending upon market conditions at the time of such renewal or extension. In addition, the Company's leases may include early termination options.
Finance LeasesThe Company establishes assets and liabilities for the estimated construction costs incurred under lease arrangements where the Company is considered the owner for accounting purposes only, or build-to-suit leases, to the extent the Company is involved in the construction of structural improvements or takes construction risk prior to commencement of a lease. Upon occupancy of facilities under build-to-suit leases, the Company assesses whether these arrangements qualify for sales recognition under the sale-leaseback accounting guidance. If the transaction does not qualify for sales recognition under the sale-leaseback accounting guidance, the Company continues to be the deemed accounting owner. There were no material finance leases as of January 30, 2021 and February 1, 2020, respectively. Other Accrued ExpensesOther accrued expenses include accrued capital expenditures of $29.2 million and $28.9 million in fiscal 2020 and fiscal 2019, respectively. Equity Method InvestmentsThe Company uses the equity method to account for its investments in which the Company is deemed to have the ability to exercise significant influence over an investee’s operating and financial policies or in which the Company holds a significant partnership or limited liability company interest. Equity method investments are initially recorded at cost in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. The cost is adjusted to recognize the Company's proportionate share of the investee’s net income or loss after the date of investment and is also adjusted for any impairments resulting from other-than-temporary declines in fair value. These adjustments are recorded in interest (expense) income and other, net in the consolidated statements of operations. Additional adjustments to cost may include any additional contributions made and dividends received and both are recorded in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. Share-Based CompensationThe Company measures the cost of employee services received in exchange for share-based compensation based on the grant date fair value of the employee stock award. The Company recognizes compensation expense generally on a straight-line basis over the employee's requisite service period (generally the vesting period of the equity grant) based on the estimated grant date fair value of restricted stock units ("RSUs") and performance-based restricted stock units ("PSUs") except for PSUs that have a market condition based on our total shareholder return relative to a pre-defined peer group which are subject to multi-year performance objectives with a vesting date in 2023 (if the applicable performance objectives are achieved). The fair value of these PSUs are determined using a Monte Carlo valuation model. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model for grants of stock options.The fair value of restricted stock awards are based on the closing price of the Company's common stock on the grant date and the fair value of stock options are based on the Black-Scholes option-pricing model utilizing the closing price of the Company's common stock on the grant date as the fair value of common stock in the model. Future share-based compensation cost will increase when the Company grants additional equity awards. Modifications, cancellations or repurchases of awards after the grant date may require the Company to accelerate any remaining unearned share-based compensation cost or incur incremental compensation costs. Share-based compensation cost recognized and included in expenses for fiscal 2020, fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018, was $9.6 million, $12.4 million and $12.0 million, respectively. Revenue Recognition
Revenue from store operations is recognized at the point of sale when control of the product is transferred to the customer at such time. Internet sales, through the Company's fivebelow.com e-commerce website, are recognized when the consumer receives the product as control transfers upon delivery. Returns subsequent to the period end are immaterial; accordingly, no significant reserve has been recorded. Gift card sales to customers are initially recorded as liabilities and recognized as sales upon redemption for merchandise or as breakage revenue in proportion to the pattern of redemption of the gift cards by the customer in net sales. Sales tax collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities are accounted for on a net basis and, therefore, excluded from sales in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
The transaction price for the Company’s sales is based on the item’s stated price. To the extent that the Company charges customers for shipping and handling on e-commerce sales, the Company records such amounts in net sales. Shipping and handling costs, which include fulfillment and shipping costs related to the Company's e-commerce operations, are included in costs of goods sold. The Company has chosen ASU 2014-09's policy election which allows it to exclude all sales taxes from net sales in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
Shipping and Handling Revenues and CostsThe Company includes all shipping and handling revenue from e-commerce sales in net sales. Shipping and handling costs, which are included in cost of goods sold in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations, include fulfillment and shipping costs related to the Company's e-commerce operations.Cost of Goods SoldCost of goods sold reflects the direct costs of purchased merchandise and inbound freight, as well as store occupancy, distribution and buying expenses. Store occupancy costs include rent, common area maintenance, utilities and property taxes for all store locations. Distribution costs include costs for receiving, processing, warehousing and shipping of merchandise to or from the Company's distribution centers and between store locations. Buying costs include compensation expense for the Company's internal buying organization.Selling, General and Administrative ExpensesSelling, general and administrative expenses include payroll and other compensation, marketing and advertising expense, depreciation and amortization expense, and other selling and administrative expenses. Vendor AllowancesThe Company receives various incentives in the form of allowances, free product and promotional funds from its vendors based on product purchases and advertising activities. The amounts received are subject to changes in market conditions, vendor marketing strategies and changes in the profitability or sell-through of the related merchandise for the Company. Merchandise allowances are recognized in the period the related merchandise is sold within cost of goods sold. Marketing allowances are recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses and are recognized in the period the related advertising occurs to the extent the allowance is a reimbursement that is specific and incremental, and identifiable costs have been incurred by the Company to sell the vendor’s products. To the extent these conditions are not met, these allowances are recorded as merchandise allowances. Store Pre-Opening CostsCosts incurred between completion of a new store location’s construction and its opening (pre-opening costs) are charged to expense as incurred. Pre-opening costs were $9.0 million, $9.3 million and $6.5 million in fiscal 2020, fiscal 2019, and fiscal 2018, respectively, and are recorded in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations based on the nature of the expense.Advertising CostsAdvertising costs are charged to expense the first time the advertising takes place. Advertising expenses were $31.6 million, $48.1 million and $42.2 million in fiscal 2020, fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018, respectively, and are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.Income Taxes
Income taxes are accounted for under the asset-and-liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company recognizes the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not of being sustained. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is greater than 50% likely of being realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs.
The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce its deferred tax assets when uncertainty regarding their realizability exists. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment.
Commitments and ContingenciesLiabilities for loss contingencies arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines and penalties, and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment can be reasonably estimated. Legal costs incurred in connection with loss contingencies are expensed as incurred.Use of EstimatesThe preparation of consolidated financial statements requires management of the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include the carrying amount of property and equipment, adjustments to net realizable value for inventories, income taxes, share-based compensation expense and the incremental borrowing rate utilized in operating lease liabilities.Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases.” ASU 2016-02 requires lessees to record assets and liabilities on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. The updated guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and early adoption is permitted. On February 3, 2019, the Company adopted this pronouncement on a modified retrospective basis and applied the new standard to all leases. As a result, comparative financial information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods. The Company elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the new standard, which includes, among other things, the ability to carry forward the existing lease classification. The Company also elected the practical expedient related to land easements, allowing the Company to carry forward its accounting treatment for land easements on existing agreements. At adoption, the new standard had a material impact on the Company's balance sheets resulting in an increase in net assets and liabilities of approximately $618 million, as the Company has a significant number of leases for its stores. Although the standard impacts the treatment of certain initial direct leases costs that were previously capitalizable, it did not materially impact the Company's consolidated statements of operations and had no impact on the Company's cash flows.
See Note 3 ‘‘Leases’’ for additional information.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, "Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement that is a Service Contract." ASU 2018-15 requires implementation costs incurred by customers in cloud computing arrangements to be deferred over the noncancelable term of the cloud computing arrangements plus any optional renewal periods (1) that are reasonably certain to be exercised by the customer or (2) for which exercise of the renewal option is controlled by the cloud service provider. The effective date of this pronouncement is for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years, and early adoption is permitted. The standard can be adopted either using the prospective or retrospective transition approach. During the thirteen weeks ended November 3, 2018, the Company adopted the pronouncement using the prospective transition method and it did not have a significant impact to the Company's financial statements.
In April 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-04, "Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses," which addresses certain fair value disclosure requirements, the measurement basis under the measurement alternative and which equity securities have to be remeasured at historical exchange rates. In May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-05, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326), Targeted Transition Relief," which gives entities the ability to irrevocably elect the fair value option in Subtopic 825-10 for certain existing financial assets upon transition to ASU 2016-13. The effective date of the standards will be for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019 and early adoption is permitted for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The new standard will be applied using a modified retrospective approach through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the effective date to align the Company's credit loss methodology with the new standard. The Company adopted the standard on February 2, 2020. The adoption did not impact the Company's financial statements.
In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, "Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting" ("ASU 2020-04"). The pronouncement provides temporary optional expedients and exceptions to the current guidance on contract modifications and hedge accounting to ease the financial reporting burdens related to the expected market transition from the London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") and other interbank offered rates to alternative reference rates. The guidance was effective upon issuance and may be applied prospectively to contract modifications made and hedging relationships entered into or evaluated on or before December 31, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2020-04 will have on its consolidated financial statements.