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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Feb. 03, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Description of Business Five Below, Inc. (collectively referred to herein with its wholly-owned subsidiaries as the "Company") is a specialty value retailer offering merchandise targeted at the tween and teen demographic. The Company offers an edited assortment of products, with most priced at $5 and below. The Company’s edited assortment of products includes select brands and licensed merchandise. The Company believes its merchandise is readily available and that there are a number of potential vendors that could be utilized, if necessary, under approximately the same terms the Company is currently receiving; thus, it is not dependent on a single vendor or a group of vendors. The Company is incorporated in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and, as of February 3, 2024, operated in 43 states excluding Alaska, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington and Wyoming. As of February 3, 2024 and January 28, 2023, the Company operated 1,544 stores and 1,340 stores, respectively, each operating under the name “Five Below.” The Company also sells its merchandise on the internet, through the Company's fivebelow.com e-commerce website, offering home delivery and the option to buy online and pick up in store. Additionally, the Company sells merchandise through on-demand third-party delivery service to enable our customers to shop online and receive convenient delivery. The Company's consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Five Below, Inc. and its subsidiaries (1616 Holdings, Inc., formerly known as Five Below Merchandising, Inc., 1616 Sourcing Holdco LLC and 1616 Holdings India Private Limited). All intercompany transactions and accounts are eliminated in the consolidation of the Company's and subsidiaries' financial statements. Fiscal Year The Company operates on a 52/53-week fiscal year ending on the Saturday closest to January 31. References to "fiscal year 2023" or "fiscal 2023" refer to the period from January 29, 2023 to February 3, 2024, which consists of a 53-week year. References to "fiscal year 2022" or "fiscal 2022" refer to the period from January 30, 2022 to January 28, 2023, which consists of a 52-week fiscal year. References to "fiscal year 2021" or "fiscal 2021" refer to the period from January 31, 2021 to January 29, 2022, which consists of a 52-week fiscal year. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with a maturity date of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Our cash equivalents consist of cash management solutions, credit and debit card receivables, money market funds, corporate bonds and municipal bonds with original maturities of 90 days or less, which are classified as cash and cash equivalents in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The cash management solutions relate to cash deposit products that provide credit generally processed the next business day for cash deposited in third-party tech-enabled solutions. For credit card and debit card receivables, the majority of payments due from banks for third-party credit card and debit card transactions resulting from customer purchases at the Company’s retail stores process within 24 to 48 hours, except for transactions occurring on a Friday, which are generally processed the following Monday. Amounts due from banks for these transactions classified as cash equivalents totaled $22.4 million and $17.4 million as of February 3, 2024 and January 28, 2023, respectively. Book overdrafts, which are outstanding checks in excess of funds on deposit, are recorded within accounts payable in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and within operating activities in the accompanying consolidated statements of cash flows. As of February 3, 2024 and January 28, 2023, the Company had cash equivalents of $154.9 million and $313.2 million, respectively. Fair Value of Financial Instruments Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified using the following hierarchy, which is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation at the measurement date: Level 1: Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2: Inputs, other than Level 1, that are either directly or indirectly observable. Level 3: Unobservable inputs developed using the Company’s estimates and assumptions which reflect those that market participants would use. The classification of fair value measurements within the hierarchy are based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the measurement. The Company’s financial instruments consist primarily of cash equivalents, investment securities, accounts payable, borrowings, if any, under a line of credit (as defined in note 5), equity method investments, and notes receivable. The Company believes that: (1) the carrying value of cash equivalents and accounts payable are representative of their respective fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments; and (2) the carrying value of the borrowings, if any, under the line of credit approximates fair value because the line of credit’s interest rates vary with market interest rates. Under the fair value hierarchy, the fair market values of cash equivalents and the investments in corporate bonds are Level 1 while the investments in municipal bonds are Level 2. The fair market values of Level 2 instruments are determined by management with the assistance of a third-party pricing service. Since quoted prices in active markets for identical assets are not available, these prices are determined by the third-party pricing service using observable market information such as quotes from less active markets and quoted prices of similar securities. As of February 3, 2024 and January 28, 2023, the Company's investment securities are classified as held-to-maturity since the Company has the intent and ability to hold the investments to maturity. Such securities are carried at amortized cost-plus accrued interest and consist of the following (in thousands):
|  | As of February 3, 2024
|  | Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Market Value
Short-term: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Corporate bonds |  | $ | 280,067 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 154 |  |  | $ | 279,913 |
Municipal bonds |  | 272 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 272 |
Total |  | $ | 280,339 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 154 |  |  | $ | 280,185 |
Long-term: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Corporate bonds |  | $ | 7,791 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | 7,783 |
Total |  | $ | 7,791 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | 7,783 |
|  | As of January 28, 2023
|  | Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Market Value
Short-term: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Corporate bonds |  | $ | 66,845 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 292 |  |  | $ | 66,553 |
Total |  | $ | 66,845 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 292 |  |  | $ | 66,553 |
Short-term investment securities as of February 3, 2024 and January 28, 2023 all mature in one year or less. Long-term investment securities as of February 3, 2024 all mature after one year but in less than two years. Inventories Inventories consist of finished goods purchased for resale, including freight and tariffs, and are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value, at the individual product level. Cost is determined on a weighted average cost method. Management of the Company reviews inventory levels in order to identify slow-moving merchandise and uses markdowns to clear merchandise. Inventory cost is reduced when the selling price less costs of disposal is below cost. The Company accrues an estimate for inventory shrink for the period between the last physical count and the balance sheet date. The shrink estimate can be affected by changes in merchandise mix and changes in actual shrink trends. Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets Prepaid expenses in fiscal 2023 and fiscal 2022 were $30.5 million and $25.9 million, respectively. Other current assets in fiscal 2023 and fiscal 2022 were $123.5 million and $104.7 million, respectively. Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost. Additions and improvements are capitalized, while repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred. Depreciation and amortization is recorded using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated useful lives of the assets or the terms of the respective leases, if applicable. The estimated useful lives are three to ten years for furniture and fixtures and computers and equipment. Store leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the useful life or the lease term plus assumed extensions, which is generally ten years. Leasehold improvements located in the shipcenters and the corporate headquarters are amortized over the shorter of the useful life or the lease term. Depreciation and amortization expense for property and equipment was $130.7 million, $105.6 million and $84.8 million in fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively. Property and equipment, net, consists of the following (in thousands):
| February 3, 2024 |  | January 28, 2023 |  |
Land | $ | 30,371 |  |  | $ | 30,371 |  |  |
Furniture and fixtures | 544,054 |  |  | 433,517 |  |  |
Leasehold improvements | 697,953 |  |  | 558,723 |  |  |
Computers and equipment | 365,269 |  |  | 293,553 |  |  |
Construction in process | 80,755 |  |  | 63,393 |  |  |
Property and equipment, gross | 1,718,402 |  |  | 1,379,557 |  |  |
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization | (584,090) |  |  | (454,027) |  |  |
Property and equipment, net | $ | 1,134,312 |  |  | $ | 925,530 |  |  |
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets Long-lived assets, such as property and equipment, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. Assets are grouped and evaluated for impairment at the lowest level of which there are identifiable cash flows, which is generally at a store level. Assets are reviewed for impairment using factors including, but not limited to, the Company's future operating plans and projected cash flows. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its estimated undiscounted future cash flows, then an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Fair value is based on discounted future cash flows of the asset using a discount rate commensurate with the risk. In the event of a store closure, the Company will record an impairment charge, if appropriate, or accelerate depreciation over the revised useful life of the asset. Based on the Company's analysis performed in fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, management believes that no impairment of long-lived assets exists for the periods ended February 3, 2024, January 28, 2023 and January 29, 2022. Deferred Financing Costs Deferred financing costs are amortized to interest expense over the term of the related credit agreement. As of February 3, 2024 and January 28, 2023, the Company had $0.5 million and $0.7 million remaining in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets within Other Assets. Operating Leases The Company leases store locations, shipcenters, the corporate headquarters and equipment used in its operations and evaluates and classifies its leases as operating or capital leases for financial reporting purposes. Any assets held under a finance lease are included in property and equipment, net. Leases are accounted for in accordance with the guidance in "Leases" (Topic 842). The Company is required to recognize an operating lease asset and an operating lease liability for its leases (other than leases that meet the definition of a short-term lease). The liability is equal to the present value of the lease payments using an estimated incremental borrowing rate, on a collateralized basis over similar term, that the Company would have incurred to borrow the funds necessary to purchase the leased asset. The asset is based on the liability, subject to certain adjustments, such as for initial direct costs. Operating leases result in straight-line expense while finance leases result in a front-loaded expense pattern. At the inception of a lease, the Company determines the lease term, which includes periods under the exercise of renewal options that are reasonably assured. Renewal options are exercised at the Company's sole discretion. In September 2016, the Company signed a 15-year lease for a new corporate headquarters location in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The Company currently occupies approximately 230,000 square feet of office space with multiple options to expand in the future. The lease agreement expires in early 2033 with three successive options to renew for additional terms up to approximately fifteen years. The shipcenter in Pedricktown, New Jersey is leased under a lease agreement expiring in 2025 with options to renew for three successive five-year periods. Generally, the Company’s store leases have expected lease terms of ten years, which are comprised of an initial term of ten years or an initial term of five years and one assumed five-year extension, resulting in a ten-year life. The expected lease term is used to determine whether a lease is finance or operating and to calculate straight-line rent expense. Substantially all of the Company's leases include options that allow the Company to renew or extend the lease term beyond the initial lease period, subject to terms and conditions agreed upon at the inception of the lease. Such terms and conditions include rental rates agreed upon at the inception of the lease that could represent below or above market rental rates later in the life of the lease, depending upon market conditions at the time of such renewal or extension. In addition, the Company's leases may include early termination options. Other Accrued Expenses Other accrued expenses include accrued capital expenditures of $48.3 million and $43.6 million in fiscal 2023 and fiscal 2022, respectively. Deferred Compensation The Company approved and adopted the Five Below, Inc. Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan (the "Deferred Comp Plan") and a related, irrevocable grantor trust (the "Trust") during fiscal 2021. The Deferred Comp Plan provides eligible key crew with the opportunity to elect to defer up to 80% of their eligible compensation. The Company may make discretionary contributions, at the discretion of the Board. Payments under the Deferred Comp Plan will be made from the general assets of the Company or from the assets of the Trust, funded by the Company. The related liability is recorded as deferred compensation and included in other long-term liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. Equity Method Investments The Company uses the equity method to account for its investments in which the Company is deemed to have the ability to exercise significant influence over an investee’s operating and financial policies or in which the Company holds a significant partnership or limited liability company interest. Equity method investments are initially recorded at cost in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. The cost is adjusted to recognize the Company's proportionate share of the investee’s net income or loss after the date of investment and is also adjusted for any impairments resulting from other-than-temporary declines in fair value that is less than its carrying value. During fiscal 2021, the Company recorded an other-than-temporary impairment utilizing the market and cost approach considering historical and projected financial results to calculate fair value. Also related to this investment, management recorded a reserve against outstanding debt owed to the Company based on management’s evaluation of collectability. The total amount of impairment and reserve was approximately $9.7 million and was recorded in interest income (expense) and other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations. Share-Based Compensation The Company measures the cost of crew services received in exchange for share-based compensation based on the grant date fair value of the employee stock award. The Company recognizes compensation expense generally on a straight-line basis over the crew's requisite service period (generally the vesting period of the equity grant) based on the estimated grant date fair value of restricted stock units ("RSUs") and performance-based restricted stock units ("PSUs") except for PSUs that have a market condition based on its total shareholder return relative to a pre-defined peer group, which are subject to multi-year performance objectives with vesting periods of approximately three years from the date of grant (if the applicable performance objectives are achieved). The fair value of these PSUs are determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model, which utilizes multiple input variables such as (i) total shareholder return from the beginning of the performance cycle through the performance measurement date(s); (ii) volatility; (iii) risk-free interest rates; and (iv) the correlation of the pre-defined peer group's total shareholder return. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model for grants of stock options. The fair value of restricted stock awards are based on the closing price of the Company's common stock on the grant date and the fair value of stock options are based on the Black-Scholes option-pricing model utilizing the closing price of the Company's common stock on the grant date as the fair value of common stock in the model. Future share-based compensation cost will increase when the Company grants additional equity awards. Modifications, cancellations or repurchases of awards after the grant date may require the Company to accelerate any remaining unearned share-based compensation cost or incur incremental compensation costs. Share-based compensation cost recognized and included in expenses for fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, was $17.9 million, $23.6 million and $25.8 million, respectively. Revenue Recognition Revenue from store operations is recognized at the point of sale when control of the product is transferred to the customer at such time. Internet sales, through the Company's fivebelow.com e-commerce website, are recognized when the customer receives the product as control transfers upon delivery. Returns subsequent to the period end are immaterial; accordingly, no significant reserve has been recorded. Gift card sales to customers are initially recorded as liabilities and recognized as sales upon redemption for merchandise or as breakage revenue in proportion to the pattern of redemption of the gift cards by the customer in net sales. The transaction price for the Company’s sales is based on the item’s stated price. To the extent that the Company charges customers for shipping and handling on e-commerce sales, the Company records such amounts in net sales. Shipping and handling costs, which include fulfillment and shipping costs related to the Company's e-commerce operations, are included in costs of goods sold. As permitted by applicable accounting guidance, ASU 2014-09 "Revenue from Contracts with Customers," the Company has elected to exclude all sales taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities from net sales in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Shipping and Handling Revenues and Costs The Company includes all shipping and handling revenue from e-commerce sales in net sales. Shipping and handling costs, which are included in cost of goods sold in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations, include fulfillment and shipping costs related to the Company's e-commerce operations. Cost of Goods Sold Cost of goods sold reflects the direct costs of purchased merchandise and inbound freight and tariffs, as well as store occupancy, distribution and buying expenses. Store occupancy costs include rent, common area maintenance, utilities and property taxes for all store locations. Distribution costs include costs for receiving, processing, warehousing and shipping of merchandise to or from the Company's shipcenters and between store locations. Buying costs include compensation expense for the Company's internal buying organization. Selling, General and Administrative Expenses (including Depreciation and Amortization) Selling, general and administrative expenses (including depreciation and amortization) include payroll and other compensation, marketing and advertising expense, depreciation and amortization expense, and other selling and administrative expenses. Vendor Allowances The Company receives various incentives in the form of allowances, free product and promotional funds from its vendors based on product purchases and advertising activities. The amounts received are subject to changes in market conditions, vendor marketing strategies and changes in the profitability or sell-through of the related merchandise for the Company. Merchandise allowances are recognized in the period the related merchandise is sold within cost of goods sold. Marketing allowances are recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses and are recognized in the period the related advertising occurs to the extent the allowance is a reimbursement that is specific and incremental, and identifiable costs have been incurred by the Company to sell the vendor’s products. To the extent these conditions are not met, these allowances are recorded as merchandise allowances. Store Pre-Opening Costs Costs incurred between completion of a new store location’s construction and its opening (pre-opening costs) are charged to expense as incurred. Pre-opening costs were $18.3 million, $10.7 million and $10.9 million in fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022, and fiscal 2021, respectively, and are recorded in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations based on the nature of the expense. Advertising Costs Advertising costs are charged to expense the first time the advertising takes place. Advertising expenses were $62.5 million, $54.1 million and $31.3 million in fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively, and are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Income Taxes Income taxes are accounted for under the asset-and-liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company recognizes the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not of being sustained. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is greater than 50% likely of being realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs. The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce its deferred tax assets when uncertainty regarding their realizability exists. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. Commitments and Contingencies Liabilities for loss contingencies arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines and penalties, and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment can be reasonably estimated. Legal costs incurred in connection with loss contingencies are expensed as incurred. Use of Estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements requires management of the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include the carrying amount of property and equipment, net realizable value for inventories, income taxes, share-based compensation expense, the incremental borrowing rate utilized in operating lease liabilities, equity method investments, and notes receivable. Recently Issued Accounting Standards In September 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-04, Liabilities-Supplier Finance Programs (Topic 405-50) - Disclosure of Supplier Finance Program Obligations, which requires that a buyer in a supplier finance program disclose sufficient information about the program to allow a user of financial statements to understand the program’s nature, activity during the period, changes from period to period, and potential magnitude. The amendments in this ASU are effective for the first quarter of 2023, except for the amendment on roll-forward information, which is effective for the first quarter of 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted this guidance on January 29, 2023, and the adoption did not impact the Company's disclosures on its consolidated financial statements.

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