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Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates (Policies) | 3 Months Ended
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Apr. 28, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Basis of Presentation | Dycom Industries, Inc. (“Dycom” or the “Company”) is a leading provider of specialty contracting services throughout the United States and in Canada. The Company provides program management, engineering, construction, maintenance and installation services for telecommunications providers, underground facility locating services for various utilities, including telecommunications providers, and other construction and maintenance services for electric and gas utilities. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries, all of which are wholly-owned, have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for annual financial statements and should be read in conjunction with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained in this report and the Company’s audited financial statements included in the Company’s Transition Report on Form 10-K for the six months ended January 27, 2018, filed with the SEC on March 2, 2018. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods presented have been included. This includes all normal and recurring adjustments and elimination of intercompany accounts and transactions. Operating results for the interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for any subsequent interim or annual period.
Accounting Period | Accounting Period. In September 2017, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a change in the Company’s fiscal year end from the last Saturday in July to the last Saturday in January. The change in fiscal year end better aligns the Company’s fiscal year with the planning cycles of its customers. For quarterly comparisons, there were no changes to the months in each fiscal quarter. Beginning with fiscal 2019, each fiscal year ends on the last Saturday in January and consists of either 52 or 53 weeks of operations (with the additional week of operations occurring in the fourth fiscal quarter). The Company refers to the period beginning January 28, 2018 and ending January 26, 2019 as “fiscal 2019”, the period beginning July 30, 2017 and ending January 27, 2018 as the “2018 transition period”, and the period beginning July 31, 2016 and ending July 29, 2017 as “fiscal 2017”.
Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in these condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates are based on the Company’s historical experience and management’s understanding of current facts and circumstances. At the time they are made, the Company believes that such estimates are fair when considered in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations taken as a whole. However, actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
Revenue Recognition | Contract assets. Contract assets include unbilled amounts typically resulting from arrangements whereby the right to payment is conditioned on completing additional tasks or services for a performance obligation. Contract liabilities. Contract liabilities consist of amounts invoiced to customers in excess of revenue recognized. The Company’s contract asset and liability is reported in a net position on a contract by contract basis at the end of each reporting period. As of April 28, 2018 and January 27, 2018, the contract liabilities balance is classified as current based on the timing of when the Company expects to complete the tasks for the recognition of revenue. Revenue Recognition. The Company performs a substantial majority of its services under master service agreements and other contracts that contain customer-specified service requirements. These agreements include discrete pricing for individual tasks including, for example, the placement of underground or aerial fiber, directional boring, and fiber splicing, each based on a specific unit of measure. Contractual agreements exist when each party involved approves and commits to the agreement, the rights of the parties and payment terms are identified, the agreement has commercial substance, and collectability of consideration is probable. The Company’s services are performed for the sole benefit of its customers, whereby the assets being created or maintained are controlled by the customer and the services the Company performs do not have alternative benefits for the Company. Revenue is recognized over time as services are performed and customers simultaneously receive and consume the benefits provided by the Company. Output measures such as units delivered are utilized to assess progress against specific contractual performance obligations for the majority of the Company’s services. The selection of the method to measure progress towards completion requires judgment and is based on the nature of the services to be provided. For the Company, the output method using units delivered best represents the measure of progress against the performance obligations incorporated within the contractual agreements. This method captures the amount of units delivered pursuant to contracts and is used only when the Company’s performance does not produce significant amounts of work in process prior to complete satisfaction of the performance obligation. For a portion of contract items, representing approximately 5.0% of contract revenues during the three months ended April 28, 2018, units to be completed consist of multiple tasks. For these items, the transaction price is allocated to each task based on relative standalone measurements, such as similar selling prices for similar tasks, or in the alternative, the cost to perform tasks. Revenue is recognized for these items as the tasks are completed as a measurement of progress in the satisfaction of the corresponding performance obligation. For certain contracts, representing approximately 2.5% of contract revenues, the Company uses the cost-to-cost measure of progress. These contracts are generally lump sum jobs that are completed over a three to four month period. Under the cost-to-cost measure of progress, the extent of progress toward completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs. Contract costs include direct labor, direct materials, and subcontractor costs, as well as an allocation of indirect costs. Contract revenues are recorded as costs are incurred. For contracts using the cost-to-cost measure of progress, the Company accrues the entire amount of a contract loss, if any, at the time the loss is determined to be probable and can be reasonably estimated.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts | Accounts receivable, net. The Company grants credit to its customers, generally without collateral, under normal payment terms (typically 30 to 90 days after invoicing). Generally, invoicing occurs within 45 days after the related services are performed. Accounts receivable represents an unconditional right to consideration arising from the Company’s performance under contracts with customers. Accounts receivable include billed accounts receivable, unbilled accounts receivable, and retainage. The carrying value of such receivables, net of the allowance for doubtful accounts, represents their estimated realizable value. Unbilled accounts receivable represent amounts the Company has an unconditional right to receive payment for although invoicing is subject to the completion of certain process or other requirements. Such requirements may include the passage of time, completion of other items within a statement of work, or other billing requirements within contract terms. Certain of the Company’s contracts contain retainage provisions where a portion of the revenue earned is withheld from payment as a form of security until contractual provisions are met. The collectability of retainage is included in the Company’s overall assessment of the collectability of accounts receivable amounts due. The Company expects to collect the outstanding balance of accounts receivable, net (including trade accounts receivable, unbilled accounts receivable, and retainage) within the next twelve months. The Company estimates its allowance for doubtful accounts for specific accounts receivable balances based on historical collection trends, the age of outstanding receivables, and the credit worthiness of the Company’s customers.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments | Fair Value of Financial Instruments. The Company’s financial instruments primarily consist of cash and equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, income taxes receivable and payable, accounts payable, certain accrued expenses, and long-term debt. The carrying amounts of these items approximate fair value due to their short maturity, except for the fair value of Company’s long-term debt, which is based on observable market-based inputs (Level 2). See Note 13, Debt, for further information regarding the fair value of such financial instruments. The Company’s cash and equivalents are based on quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1) as of April 28, 2018 and January 27, 2018. During the three months ended April 28, 2018 and April 29, 2017, the Company had no material nonrecurring fair value measurements of assets or liabilities subsequent to their initial recognition.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements | Recently Adopted Accounting Standards Revenue Recognition. In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09”). ASU No. 2014-09 and related updates are referred to herein as “ASU 2014-09”. ASU 2014-09 replaces numerous requirements in GAAP, including industry-specific requirements, and provides companies with a single revenue recognition model for recognizing revenue from contracts with customers. The core principle of the new standard is that a company should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The two permitted transition methods under the new standard are the full retrospective method and the modified retrospective method. Under the full retrospective method, the standard would be applied to each prior reporting period presented and the cumulative effect of applying the standard would be recognized at the earliest period shown. Under the modified retrospective method, the cumulative effect of applying the standard would be recognized at the date of initial application. Effective January 28, 2018, the Company adopted the requirements of ASU 2014-09 using the modified retrospective method. As a practical expedient, the Company adopted the new standard only for existing contracts as of January 28, 2018, the date of adoption. Any contracts that had expired prior to January 28, 2018 were not evaluated against the new standard. The Company believes its application of the new standard to only those contracts existing as of January 28, 2018 did not have a material impact on adoption. As of January 28, 2018, the date of adoption, the Company reclassified $311.7 million of unbilled receivables from contract assets (historically referred to as Costs and Estimated Earnings in Excess of Billings) to accounts receivable, net in accordance with the guidance under ASU 2014-09. As of April 28, 2018, the disclosure of the impact of adoption on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet is as follows (dollars in thousands):
| April 28, 2018
| As reported |  | Balances Without Adoption of ASU 2014-09 |  | Effect of Change
Assets |  |  |  |  |
Accounts receivable, net | $ | 644,980 |  |  | $ | 326,973 |  |  | $ | 318,007 |
Contract assets | $ | 101,163 |  |  | $ | 419,170 |  |  | $ | (318,007 | )
The adoption of ASU 2014-09 resulted in balance sheet classification changes for amounts that have not been invoiced to customers but for which the Company has satisfied the performance obligation and has an unconditional right to receive payment. Prior to the adoption of ASU 2014-09, amounts not yet invoiced to customers were included in the Company’s contract assets regardless of rights to payment. These amounts represent unbilled accounts receivable for which the Company has an unconditional right to receive payment although invoicing is subject to the completion of certain process or other requirements. Such requirements may include the passage of time, completion of other items within a statement of work, or other billing requirements within contract terms. The standard did not have an impact to opening retained earnings or the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of operations as there was no change in timing or amount of revenue recognized under contracts with customers, as compared to the Company’s historical revenue recognition practices. Restricted Cash. In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash (“ASU 2016-18”). ASU 2016-18 is intended to reduce the diversity in practice regarding the classification and presentation of changes in restricted cash within the statement of cash flows. The amendments in this update require that amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. The Company adopted ASU 2016-18 effective January 28, 2018, the first day of fiscal 2019, and applied this change of presentation retrospectively to the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the three months ended April 29, 2017. As a result of the retrospective adoption, the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts have been restated to include restricted cash of $5.4 million, $5.4 million, and $6.2 million as of January 28, 2017, April 29, 2017, and January 27, 2018, respectively. Restricted cash primarily relates to funding provisions of the Company’s insurance program. Statement of Cash Flows. In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (“ASU 2016-15”). In an effort to reduce diversity in practice regarding the classification of certain transactions within the statement of cash flows, ASU 2016-15 addresses eight specific cash flow issues including, among other things, the classification of debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs. Historically, the Company has classified certain cash flows related to debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs as operating activities. Upon adoption of ASU 2016-15, the Company is required to classify such cash flows as financing activities. The adoption of ASU 2016-15 as it relates to any of the other seven cash flow issues specified does not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated statement of cash flows. The Company adopted ASU 2016-15 effective January 28, 2018, the first day of fiscal 2019, on a retrospective basis as required. There was no impact to the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the three months ended April 28, 2018 or April 29, 2017 as a result of the adoption. The Company also adopted the following Accounting Standards Updates during the three months ended April 28, 2018, neither of which had a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements:
ASU |  | Adoption Date
2016-16 | Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory |  | January 28, 2018
2017-01 | Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business |  | January 28, 2018
Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted Leases. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”). ASU 2016-02 substantially retains the classification for leasing transactions as finance or operating leases. The new guidance establishes a right-of-use model that requires a lessee to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms greater than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. For finance leases the lessee would recognize interest expense and amortization of the right-of-use asset and for operating leases the lessee would recognize total lease expense on a straight-line basis. As a result of the adoption of ASU 2016-02, it is expected that the Company's operating leases with terms greater than twelve months will be recognized as lease assets and lease liabilities on its consolidated balance sheet. ASU 2016-02 is not expected to have a material effect on the amount of expense recognized in connection with the Company’s current lease contracts as compared to current practice. The guidance requires lessees and lessors to recognize and measure leases at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach and will be effective for the Company for the fiscal year ended January 25, 2020 and interim reporting periods within that year. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of adoption.

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