10-Q 1 dyq2fy201910q.htm 10-Q
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)

x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the quarterly period ended July 28, 2018

¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from ________ to ________

Commission File Number 001-10613
DYCOM INDUSTRIES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Florida |  | 59-1277135
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
11780 US Highway 1, Suite 600, Palm Beach Gardens, FL |  | 33408
(Address of principal executive offices) |  | (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (561) 627-7171
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer x | Accelerated filer ¨ | Non-accelerated filer ¨ | Smaller reporting company ¨
Emerging growth company ¨ |  |  |

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
There were 31,235,669 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.33 1/3 outstanding at August 29, 2018.

Dycom Industries, Inc.
Table of Contents

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. | Financial Statements | 3
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 26
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 37
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 38
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 39
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 39
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 39
Item 6. | Exhibits | 40
SIGNATURES

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PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements.
DYCOM INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)

| July 28, 2018 |  | January 27, 2018
ASSETS |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |
Cash and equivalents | $ | 23,906 |  |  | $ | 84,029 |
Accounts receivable, net | 684,862 |  |  | 318,684 |
Contract assets | 169,931 |  |  | 369,472 |
Inventories | 87,785 |  |  | 79,039 |
Income tax receivable | 7,662 |  |  | 13,852 |
Other current assets | 31,116 |  |  | 39,710 |
Total current assets | 1,005,262 |  |  | 904,786 |
Property and equipment, net | 423,680 |  |  | 414,768 |
Goodwill | 325,749 |  |  | 321,743 |
Intangible assets, net | 172,305 |  |  | 171,469 |
Other | 25,389 |  |  | 28,190 |
Total non-current assets | 947,123 |  |  | 936,170 |
Total assets | $ | 1,952,385 |  |  | $ | 1,840,956 |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY |  |  |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 125,720 |  |  | $ | 92,361 |
Current portion of debt | 31,281 |  |  | 26,469 |
Contract liabilities | 8,152 |  |  | 6,480 |
Accrued insurance claims | 39,010 |  |  | 53,890 |
Income taxes payable | 1,530 |  |  | 755 |
Other accrued liabilities | 104,626 |  |  | 79,657 |
Total current liabilities | 310,319 |  |  | 259,612 |
Long-term debt | 727,318 |  |  | 733,843 |
Accrued insurance claims | 61,100 |  |  | 59,385 |
Deferred tax liabilities, net non-current | 64,489 |  |  | 57,428 |
Other liabilities | 5,954 |  |  | 5,692 |
Total liabilities | 1,169,180 |  |  | 1,115,960 |
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES, Note 19 |  |  |  |  |
Stockholders’ equity: |  |  |  |  |
Preferred stock, par value $1.00 per share: 1,000,000 shares authorized: no shares issued and outstanding | — |  |  | — |
Common stock, par value $0.33 1/3 per share: 150,000,000 shares authorized: 31,224,470 and 31,185,669 issued and outstanding, respectively | 10,408 |  |  | 10,395 |
Additional paid-in capital | 17,356 |  |  | 6,170 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (1,267 | ) |  | (1,146 | )
Retained earnings | 756,708 |  |  | 709,577 |
Total stockholders’ equity | 783,205 |  |  | 724,996 |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 1,952,385 |  |  | $ | 1,840,956 |
See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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DYCOM INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Dollars in thousands, except share amounts)
(Unaudited)

| For the Three Months Ended
| July 28, 2018 |  | July 29, 2017
REVENUES: |  |  |
Contract revenues | $ | 799,470 |  |  | $ | 780,188 |
EXPENSES: |  |  |
Costs of earned revenues, excluding depreciation and amortization | 642,376 |  |  | 606,898 |
General and administrative (including stock-based compensation expense of $6.0 million and $4.9 million, respectively) | 64,555 |  |  | 59,519 |
Depreciation and amortization | 44,805 |  |  | 40,244 |
Total | 751,736 |  |  | 706,661 |
Interest expense, net | (10,446 | ) |  | (9,735 | )
Other income, net | 4,156 |  |  | 6,043 |
Income before income taxes | 41,444 |  |  | 69,835 |
Provision for income taxes: |  |  |
Current | 9,872 |  |  | 13,811 |
Deferred | 1,672 |  |  | 12,316 |
Total provision for income taxes | 11,544 |  |  | 26,127 |
Net income | $ | 29,900 |  |  | $ | 43,708 |
Earnings per common share: |  |  |
Basic earnings per common share | $ | 0.96 |  |  | $ | 1.41 |
Diluted earnings per common share | $ | 0.94 |  |  | $ | 1.38 |
Shares used in computing earnings per common share: |  |  |
Basic | 31,206,340 |  |  | 31,084,019 |
Diluted | 31,954,013 |  |  | 31,664,148 |
See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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DYCOM INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Dollars in thousands, except share amounts)
(Unaudited)

| For the Six Months Ended
| July 28, 2018 |  | July 29, 2017
REVENUES: |  |  |
Contract revenues | $ | 1,530,844 |  |  | $ | 1,566,526 |
EXPENSES: |  |  |
Costs of earned revenues, excluding depreciation and amortization | 1,241,949 |  |  | 1,228,373 |
General and administrative (including stock-based compensation expense of $10.9 million and $9.8 million, respectively) | 126,838 |  |  | 120,836 |
Depreciation and amortization | 88,160 |  |  | 77,655 |
Total | 1,456,947 |  |  | 1,426,864 |
Interest expense, net | (20,612 | ) |  | (19,117 | )
Other income, net | 11,868 |  |  | 10,836 |
Income before income taxes | 65,153 |  |  | 131,381 |
Provision for income taxes: |  |  |
Current | 10,967 |  |  | 39,330 |
Deferred | 7,055 |  |  | 9,547 |
Total provision for income taxes | 18,022 |  |  | 48,877 |
Net income | $ | 47,131 |  |  | $ | 82,504 |
Earnings per common share: |  |  |
Basic earnings per common share | $ | 1.51 |  |  | $ | 2.64 |
Diluted earnings per common share | $ | 1.46 |  |  | $ | 2.60 |
Shares used in computing earnings per common share: |  |  |
Basic | 31,198,349 |  |  | 31,220,719 |
Diluted | 32,180,960 |  |  | 31,787,185 |
See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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DYCOM INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)

| For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Six Months Ended
| July 28, 2018 |  | July 29, 2017 |  | July 28, 2018 |  | July 29, 2017
Net income | $ | 29,900 |  |  | $ | 43,708 |  |  | $ | 47,131 |  |  | $ | 82,504 |
Foreign currency translation (losses) gains, net of tax | (33 | ) |  | 261 |  |  | (121 | ) |  | 96 |
Comprehensive income | $ | 29,867 |  |  | $ | 43,969 |  |  | $ | 47,010 |  |  | $ | 82,600 |
See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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DYCOM INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)

| For the Six Months Ended
| July 28, 2018 |  | July 29, 2017
OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |
Net income | $ | 47,131 |  |  | $ | 82,504 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities, net of acquisitions: |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 88,160 |  |  | 77,655 |
Deferred income tax provision | 7,055 |  |  | 9,547 |
Stock-based compensation | 10,911 |  |  | 9,789 |
Bad debt (recovery) expense, net | (38 | ) |  | 58 |
Gain on sale of fixed assets | (13,324 | ) |  | (11,694 | )
Amortization of debt discount | 9,422 |  |  | 8,924 |
Amortization of debt issuance costs and other | 1,789 |  |  | 1,689 |
Excess tax benefit from share-based awards | — |  |  | (1,612 | )
Change in operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts receivable, net | (48,835 | ) |  | (52,176 | )
Contract assets, net | (110,478 | ) |  | 2,596 |
Other current assets and inventory | (12,842 | ) |  | 4,427 |
Other assets | 719 |  |  | 1,312 |
Income taxes receivable/payable | 6,964 |  |  | 20,150 |
Accounts payable | 24,276 |  |  | 15,671 |
Accrued liabilities, insurance claims, and other liabilities | 26,280 |  |  | 23,412 |
Net cash provided by operating activities | 37,190 |  |  | 192,252 |
INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |
Capital expenditures | (80,537 | ) |  | (124,323 | )
Proceeds from sale of assets | 14,965 |  |  | 11,695 |
Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired | (20,917 | ) |  | (26,070 | )
Other investing activities | 1,576 |  |  | 629 |
Net cash used in investing activities | (84,913 | ) |  | (138,069 | )
FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |
Proceeds from borrowings on senior credit agreement, including term loans | 60,000 |  |  | 275,000 |
Principal payments on senior credit agreement, including term loans | (72,031 | ) |  | (284,188 | )
Repurchase of common stock | — |  |  | (37,909 | )
Exercise of stock options | 381 |  |  | 961 |
Restricted stock tax withholdings | (94 | ) |  | (542 | )
Excess tax benefit from share-based awards | — |  |  | 1,612 |
Net cash used in financing activities | (11,744 | ) |  | (45,066 | )
Net (decrease) increase in cash and equivalents and restricted cash | (59,467 | ) |  | 9,117 |
CASH AND EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD | 90,182 |  |  | 34,899 |
CASH AND EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH AT END OF PERIOD | $ | 30,715 |  |  | $ | 44,016 |

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF OTHER CASH FLOW ACTIVITIES AND NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |
Cash paid for interest | $ | 9,292 |  |  | $ | 8,397 |
Cash paid for taxes, net | $ | 4,594 |  |  | $ | 18,521 |
Purchases of capital assets included in accounts payable or other accrued liabilities at period end | $ | 8,934 |  |  | $ | 21,978 |
See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Basis of Presentation
Dycom Industries, Inc. (“Dycom” or the “Company”) is a leading provider of specialty contracting services throughout the United States and in Canada. The Company provides program management, engineering, construction, maintenance and installation services for telecommunications providers, underground facility locating services for various utilities, including telecommunications providers, and other construction and maintenance services for electric and gas utilities.
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries, all of which are wholly-owned, have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for annual financial statements and should be read in conjunction with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained in this report and the Company’s audited financial statements included in the Company’s Transition Report on Form 10-K for the six months ended January 27, 2018, filed with the SEC on March 2, 2018. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods presented have been included. This includes all normal and recurring adjustments and elimination of intercompany accounts and transactions. Operating results for the interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for any subsequent interim or annual period.
Accounting Period. In September 2017, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a change in the Company’s fiscal year end from the last Saturday in July to the last Saturday in January. The change in fiscal year end better aligns the Company’s fiscal year with the planning cycles of its customers. For quarterly comparisons, there were no changes to the months in each fiscal quarter. Beginning with fiscal 2019, each fiscal year ends on the last Saturday in January and consists of either 52 or 53 weeks of operations (with the additional week of operations occurring in the fourth fiscal quarter).
The Company refers to the period beginning January 28, 2018 and ending January 26, 2019 as “fiscal 2019”, the period beginning July 30, 2017 and ending January 27, 2018 as the “2018 transition period”, and the period beginning July 31, 2016 and ending July 29, 2017 as “fiscal 2017”.
Segment Information. The Company operates in one reportable segment. Its services are provided by its operating segments on a decentralized basis. Each operating segment consists of a subsidiary (or in certain instances, the combination of two or more subsidiaries). Management of the operating segments report to the Company’s Chief Operating Officer who reports to the Chief Executive Officer, the chief operating decision maker. All of the Company’s operating segments have been aggregated into one reportable segment based on their similar economic characteristics, nature of services and production processes, type of customers, and service distribution methods.
2. Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates
Use of Estimates. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in these condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates are based on the Company’s historical experience and management’s understanding of current facts and circumstances. At the time they are made, the Company believes that such estimates are fair when considered in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations taken as a whole. However, actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
There have been no material changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies and critical accounting estimates described in the Company’s Transition Report on Form 10-K for the six months ended January 27, 2018 except as described below.
Revenue Recognition. The Company performs a substantial majority of its services under master service agreements and other contracts that contain customer-specified service requirements. These agreements include discrete pricing for individual tasks including, for example, the placement of underground or aerial fiber, directional boring, and fiber splicing, each based on a specific unit of measure. Contractual agreements exist when each party involved approves and commits to the agreement, the rights of the parties and payment terms are identified, the agreement has commercial substance, and collectability of consideration is probable. The Company’s services are performed for the sole benefit of its customers, whereby the assets being created or maintained are controlled by the customer and the services the Company performs do not have alternative benefits
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for the Company. Revenue is recognized over time as services are performed and customers simultaneously receive and consume the benefits provided by the Company. Output measures such as units delivered are utilized to assess progress against specific contractual performance obligations for the majority of the Company’s services. The selection of the method to measure progress towards completion requires judgment and is based on the nature of the services to be provided. For the Company, the output method using units delivered best represents the measure of progress against the performance obligations incorporated within the contractual agreements. This method captures the amount of units delivered pursuant to contracts and is used only when the Company’s performance does not produce significant amounts of work in process prior to complete satisfaction of the performance obligation. For a portion of contract items, units to be completed consist of multiple tasks. For these items, the transaction price is allocated to each task based on relative standalone measurements, such as similar selling prices for similar tasks, or in the alternative, the cost to perform tasks. Revenue is recognized as the tasks are completed as a measurement of progress in the satisfaction of the corresponding performance obligation, and represented approximately 5.0% of contract revenues during the six months ended July 28, 2018.
For certain contracts, representing approximately 2.5% of contract revenues during the six months ended July 28, 2018, the Company uses the cost-to-cost measure of progress. These contracts are generally lump sum jobs that are completed over a three to four month period. Under the cost-to-cost measure of progress, the extent of progress toward completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs. Contract costs include direct labor, direct materials, and subcontractor costs, as well as an allocation of indirect costs. Contract revenues are recorded as costs are incurred. For contracts using the cost-to-cost measure of progress, the Company accrues the entire amount of a contract loss, if any, at the time the loss is determined to be probable and can be reasonably estimated.
Accounts Receivable, Net. The Company grants credit to its customers, generally without collateral, under normal payment terms (typically 30 to 90 days after invoicing). Generally, invoicing occurs within 45 days after the related services are performed. Accounts receivable represents an unconditional right to consideration arising from the Company’s performance under contracts with customers. Accounts receivable include billed accounts receivable, unbilled accounts receivable, and retainage. The carrying value of such receivables, net of the allowance for doubtful accounts, represents their estimated realizable value. Unbilled accounts receivable represent amounts the Company has an unconditional right to receive payment for although invoicing is subject to the completion of certain process or other requirements. Such requirements may include the passage of time, completion of other items within a statement of work, or other billing requirements within contract terms. Certain of the Company’s contracts contain retainage provisions where a portion of the revenue earned is withheld from payment as a form of security until contractual provisions are met. The collectability of retainage is included in the Company’s overall assessment of the collectability of accounts receivable amounts due. The Company expects to collect the outstanding balance of accounts receivable, net (including trade accounts receivable, unbilled accounts receivable, and retainage) within the next twelve months. The Company estimates its allowance for doubtful accounts for specific accounts receivable balances based on historical collection trends, the age of outstanding receivables, and the credit worthiness of the Company’s customers.
Contract Assets. Contract assets include unbilled amounts typically resulting from arrangements whereby the right to payment is conditioned on completing additional tasks or services for a performance obligation.
Contract Liabilities. Contract liabilities consist of amounts invoiced to customers in excess of revenue recognized. The Company’s contract asset and liability is reported in a net position on a contract by contract basis at the end of each reporting period. As of July 28, 2018 and January 27, 2018, the contract liabilities balance is classified as current based on the timing of when the Company expects to complete the tasks for the recognition of revenue.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments. The Company’s financial instruments primarily consist of cash and equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, income taxes receivable and payable, accounts payable, certain accrued expenses, and long-term debt. The carrying amounts of these items approximate fair value due to their short maturity, except for the fair value of Company’s long-term debt, which is based on observable market-based inputs (Level 2). See Note 13, Debt, for further information regarding the fair value of such financial instruments. The Company’s cash and equivalents are based on quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1) as of July 28, 2018 and January 27, 2018. During the six months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, the Company had no material nonrecurring fair value measurements of assets or liabilities subsequent to their initial recognition.
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3. Accounting Standards
There have been no changes in the expected dates of adoption or estimated effects on the Company’s consolidated financial statements of recently issued accounting pronouncements from those disclosed in the Company’s Transition Report on Form 10-K for the six months ended January 27, 2018, filed with the SEC on March 2, 2018. Further, there have been no additional accounting standards issued as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that are applicable to the consolidated financial statements of the Company. Accounting standards adopted during the six months ended July 28, 2018 are covered in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
Revenue Recognition. In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09”). ASU No. 2014-09 and related updates are referred to herein as “ASU 2014-09”. ASU 2014-09 replaces numerous requirements in GAAP, including industry-specific requirements, and provides companies with a single revenue recognition model for recognizing revenue from contracts with customers. The core principle of the new standard is that a company should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The two permitted transition methods under the new standard are the full retrospective method and the modified retrospective method. Under the full retrospective method, the standard would be applied to each prior reporting period presented and the cumulative effect of applying the standard would be recognized at the earliest period shown. Under the modified retrospective method, the cumulative effect of applying the standard would be recognized at the date of initial application. Effective January 28, 2018, the Company adopted the requirements of ASU 2014-09 using the modified retrospective method. As a practical expedient, the Company adopted the new standard only for existing contracts as of January 28, 2018, the date of adoption. Any contracts that had expired prior to January 28, 2018 were not evaluated against the new standard. The Company believes its application of the new standard to only those contracts existing as of January 28, 2018 did not have a material impact on adoption.
As of January 28, 2018, the date of adoption, the Company reclassified $311.7 million of unbilled receivables from contract assets (historically referred to as Costs and Estimated Earnings in Excess of Billings) to accounts receivable, net in accordance with the guidance under ASU 2014-09. As a result of the reclassification, accounts receivable, net and contract assets were $630.4 million and $57.8 million, respectively, as of January 28, 2018. As of July 28, 2018, the disclosure of the impact of adoption on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet is as follows (dollars in thousands):

| July 28, 2018
| As reported |  | Balances Without Adoption of ASU 2014-09 |  | Effect of Change
Assets |  |  |  |  |
Accounts receivable, net | $ | 684,862 |  |  | $ | 342,891 |  |  | $ | 341,971 |
Contract assets | $ | 169,931 |  |  | $ | 511,902 |  |  | $ | (341,971 | )

The adoption of ASU 2014-09 resulted in balance sheet classification changes for amounts that have not been invoiced to customers but for which the Company has satisfied the performance obligation and has an unconditional right to receive payment. Prior to the adoption of ASU 2014-09, amounts not yet invoiced to customers were included in the Company’s contract assets regardless of rights to payment. These amounts represent unbilled accounts receivable for which the Company has an unconditional right to receive payment although invoicing is subject to the completion of certain process or other requirements. Such requirements may include the passage of time, completion of other items within a statement of work, or other billing requirements within contract terms.
The standard did not have an impact to opening retained earnings or the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of operations as there was no change in timing or amount of revenue recognized under contracts with customers, as compared to the Company’s historical revenue recognition practices.
Restricted Cash. In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash (“ASU 2016-18”). ASU 2016-18 is intended to reduce the diversity in practice regarding the classification and presentation of changes in restricted cash within the statement of cash flows. The amendments in this update require that amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. The Company adopted ASU 2016-18 effective January 28, 2018, the first day of fiscal 2019, and applied this change of presentation
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retrospectively to the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the six months ended July 29, 2017. As a result of the retrospective adoption, the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts have been restated to include restricted cash of $5.4 million, $5.4 million, and $6.2 million as of January 28, 2017, July 29, 2017, and January 27, 2018, respectively. Restricted cash primarily relates to funding provisions of the Company’s insurance program.
Statement of Cash Flows. In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (“ASU 2016-15”). In an effort to reduce diversity in practice regarding the classification of certain transactions within the statement of cash flows, ASU 2016-15 addresses eight specific cash flow issues including, among other things, the classification of debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs. Historically, the Company has classified certain cash flows related to debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs as operating activities. Upon adoption of ASU 2016-15, the Company is required to classify such cash flows as financing activities. The adoption of ASU 2016-15 as it relates to any of the other seven cash flow issues specified does not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated statement of cash flows. The Company adopted ASU 2016-15 effective January 28, 2018, the first day of fiscal 2019, on a retrospective basis as required. There was no impact to the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the six months ended July 28, 2018 or July 29, 2017 as a result of the adoption.
The Company also adopted the following Accounting Standards Updates during the six months ended July 28, 2018, neither of which had a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements:

ASU |  | Adoption Date
2016-16 | Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory |  | January 28, 2018
2017-01 | Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business |  | January 28, 2018

Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted
Leases. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”). ASU No. 2016-02 and related updates are referred to herein as “ASU 2016-02”. ASU 2016-02 substantially retains the classification for leasing transactions as finance or operating leases and establishes a right-of-use model that requires a lessee to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms greater than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. For finance leases the lessee would recognize interest expense and amortization of the right-of-use asset and for operating leases the lessee would recognize total lease expense on a straight-line basis. ASU 2016-02 is required to be adopted using a modified retrospective approach and provides an option to recognize the cumulative-effect adjustment at the beginning of either the earliest period presented or the period of adoption. The new guidance will be effective for the Company for the fiscal year ended January 25, 2020 and interim reporting periods within that year.
The Company continues to evaluate the effect of ASU 2016-02 on its consolidated financial statements, which involves an evaluation of existing lease obligations under the new standard and historical accounting practices. Based on the results of the reviews performed to date, it is expected that the Company's operating leases with terms greater than twelve months will be recognized as lease assets and lease liabilities on its consolidated balance sheet. ASU 2016-02 is not expected to have a material effect on the amount of expense recognized in connection with the Company’s current lease contracts as compared to current practice.
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4. Computation of Earnings per Common Share
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts):

| For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Six Months Ended
| July 28, 2018 |  | July 29, 2017 |  | July 28, 2018 |  | July 29, 2017
Net income available to common stockholders (numerator) | $ | 29,900 |  |  | $ | 43,708 |  |  | $ | 47,131 |  |  | $ | 82,504 |
Weighted-average number of common shares (denominator) | 31,206,340 |  |  | 31,084,019 |  |  | 31,198,349 |  |  | 31,220,719 |
Basic earnings per common share | $ | 0.96 |  |  | $ | 1.41 |  |  | $ | 1.51 |  |  | $ | 2.64 |
Weighted-average number of common shares | 31,206,340 |  |  | 31,084,019 |  |  | 31,198,349 |  |  | 31,220,719 |
Potential shares of common stock arising from stock options, and unvested restricted share units | 627,477 |  |  | 580,129 |  |  | 615,014 |  |  | 566,466 |
Potential shares of common stock issuable on conversion of 0.75% convertible senior notes due 2021(1) | 120,196 |  |  | — |  |  | 367,597 |  |  | — |
Total shares-diluted (denominator) | 31,954,013 |  |  | 31,664,148 |  |  | 32,180,960 |  |  | 31,787,185 |
Diluted earnings per common share | $ | 0.94 |  |  | $ | 1.38 |  |  | $ | 1.46 |  |  | $ | 2.60 |
Anti-dilutive weighted shares excluded from the calculation of earnings per common share:
Stock-based awards | 50,366 |  |  | 85,709 |  |  | 54,554 |  |  | 90,865 |
0.75% convertible senior notes due 2021 | 4,885,538 |  |  | 5,005,734 |  |  | 4,638,137 |  |  | 5,005,734 |
Warrants | 5,005,734 |  |  | 5,005,734 |  |  | 5,005,734 |  |  | 5,005,734 |
Total | 9,941,638 |  |  | 10,097,177 |  |  | 9,698,425 |  |  | 10,102,333 |

(1) Under the treasury stock method, the convertible senior notes will have a dilutive impact on earnings per common share if the Company’s average stock price for the period exceeds the conversion price for the convertible senior notes of $96.89 per share. The warrants associated with the Company’s convertible senior notes will have a dilutive impact on earnings per common share if the Company’s average stock price for the period exceeds the warrant strike price of $130.43 per share. During the first and second quarters of fiscal 2019, the Company’s average stock price of $110.46 and $99.27, respectively, each exceeded the conversion price for the convertible senior notes. As a result, shares presumed to be issuable under the convertible senior notes that were dilutive during each period are included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share for the three and six months ended July 28, 2018. As the Company’s average stock price did not exceed the strike price for the warrants, the underlying common shares were anti-dilutive as reflected in the table above.
In connection with the offering of the convertible senior notes, the Company entered into convertible note hedge transactions with counterparties for the purpose of reducing the potential dilution to common stockholders from the conversion of the notes and offsetting any potential cash payments in excess of the principal amount of the notes. Prior to conversion, the convertible note hedge is not included for purposes of the calculation of earnings per common share as its effect would be anti-dilutive. Upon conversion, the convertible note hedge is expected to offset the dilutive effect of the convertible senior notes when the average stock price for the period is above $96.89 per share. See Note 13, Debt, for additional information related to the Company’s convertible senior notes, warrant transactions, and hedge transactions.
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5. Acquisitions
Fiscal 2019. During March 2018, the Company acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of a telecommunications construction and maintenance services provider in the Midwest and Northeast United States for a cash purchase price of $20.9 million, less an adjustment for working capital received below a target amount estimated to be approximately $0.5 million. This acquisition expands the Company’s geographic presence within its existing customer base.
Fiscal 2017. During March 2017, the Company acquired Texstar Enterprises, Inc. (“Texstar”) for $26.1 million, net of cash acquired. Texstar provides construction and maintenance services for telecommunications providers in the Southwest and Pacific Northwest United States. This acquisition expands the Company’s geographic presence within its existing customer base.
Purchase Price Allocations
The purchase price allocation of Texstar was completed within the 12-month measurement period from the date of acquisition. Adjustments to provisional amounts were recognized in the reporting period in which the adjustments were determined and were not material. The purchase price allocation of the business acquired in fiscal 2019 is preliminary and will be completed when valuations for intangible assets and other amounts are finalized within the 12-month measurement period from the date of acquisition.
The following table summarizes the aggregate consideration paid for businesses acquired in fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2017 (dollars in millions):

| 2019 |  | 2017
Assets |  |  |
Accounts receivable | $ | 5.6 |  |  | $ | 8.9 |
Contract assets | — |  |  | 2.4 |
Inventories and other current assets | 0.2 |  |  | 0.2 |
Property and equipment | 0.5 |  |  | 5.6 |
Goodwill | 4.0 |  |  | 10.1 |
Intangible assets - customer relationships | 12.3 |  |  | 9.8 |
Intangible assets - trade names and other | — |  |  | 0.7 |
Total assets | 22.6 |  |  | 37.7 |
Liabilities |  |  |
Accounts payable | 2.2 |  |  | 3.2 |
Accrued and other current liabilities | — |  |  | 3.4 |
Deferred tax liabilities, net non-current | — |  |  | 5.0 |
Total liabilities | 2.2 |  |  | 11.6 |
Net Assets Acquired | $ | 20.4 |  |  | $ | 26.1 |

The goodwill associated with the stock purchase of Texstar is not deductible for tax purposes. Results of businesses acquired are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements from their respective dates of acquisition. The revenues and net income of the fiscal 2019 acquisition and Texstar were not material during the three or six months ended July 28, 2018 or July 29, 2017.
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6. Accounts Receivable, Contract Assets, and Contract Liabilities
The following provides further details on the balance sheet accounts of accounts receivable, net, contract assets, and contract liabilities. See Note 2, Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates, for further information on the Company’s policies related to these balance sheet accounts, as well as its revenue recognition policies.
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

| July 28, 2018 |  | January 27, 2018
Trade accounts receivable | $ | 326,269 |  |  | $ | 300,271 |
Unbilled accounts receivable | 341,971 |  |  | — |
Retainage | 17,570 |  |  | 19,411 |
Total | 685,810 |  |  | 319,682 |
Less: allowance for doubtful accounts | (948 | ) |  | (998 | )
Accounts receivable, net | $ | 684,862 |  |  | $ | 318,684 |

As of January 27, 2018, the Company’s accounts receivable, net were $318.7 million. Subsequently, on January 28, 2018 (the Company’s first day of adoption of ASU 2014-09) the Company reclassified $311.7 million of unbilled receivables from contract assets (historically referred to as Costs and Estimated Earnings in Excess of Billings) to accounts receivable, net in accordance with the guidance under ASU 2014-09. As a result of the reclassification, accounts receivable, net were $630.4 million as of January 28, 2018. As of July 28, 2018, the corresponding balance was $684.9 million. The increase is primarily a result of an increased level of operations during the six months ended July 28, 2018. Additionally, trade accounts receivable and unbilled accounts receivable increased $2.1 million and $3.5 million, respectively, from the fiscal 2019 acquisition. See Note 3, Accounting Standards, for further information on the adoption of ASU 2014-09.
During the three and six months ended July 28, 2018 and the three and six months ended July 29, 2017, write-offs to the allowance for doubtful accounts, net of recoveries, were not material.
Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities
Net contract assets consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

| July 28, 2018 |  | January 27, 2018
Contract assets | $ | 169,931 |  |  | $ | 369,472 |
Contract liabilities | 8,152 |  |  | 6,480 |
Contract assets, net | $ | 161,779 |  |  | $ | 362,992 |

As of January 27, 2018, the Company’s contract assets (historically referred to as Costs and Estimated Earnings in Excess of Billings) were $369.5 million. Subsequently, on January 28, 2018 (the Company’s first day of adoption of ASU 2014-09) the Company reclassified $311.7 million of unbilled receivables from contract assets to accounts receivable, net in accordance with the guidance under ASU 2014-09. As a result of the reclassification, contracts assets were $57.8 million as of January 28, 2018. As of July 28, 2018, the corresponding balance was $169.9 million. The increase primarily resulted from services performed for contracts in which billings will be submitted upon completion of additional tasks. There were no other significant changes in contract assets during the periods. During the six months ended July 28, 2018, the Company performed services and recognized an immaterial amount of revenue related to its contract liabilities that existed at January 27, 2018. See Note 3, Accounting Standards, for further information on the adoption of ASU 2014-09.
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Customer Credit Concentration
Customers whose combined amounts of trade accounts receivable and contract assets, net exceeded 10% of total combined accounts receivable and contract assets, net as of July 28, 2018 or January 27, 2018 were as follows (dollars in millions):

| July 28, 2018 |  | January 27, 2018
| Amount |  | % of Total |  | Amount |  | % of Total
Verizon Communications Inc. | $ | 241.3 |  |  | 28.5% |  | $ | 98.2 |  |  | 14.4%
Comcast Corporation | $ | 160.8 |  |  | 19.0% |  | $ | 166.5 |  |  | 24.5%
CenturyLink, Inc. | $ | 126.5 |  |  | 15.0% |  | $ | 126.0 |  |  | 18.5%
AT&T Inc. | $ | 98.1 |  |  | 11.6% |  | $ | 79.2 |  |  | 11.6%

The Company believes that none of its significant customers were experiencing financial difficulties that would materially impact the collectability of the Company’s total accounts receivable and contract assets, net as of July 28, 2018 or January 27, 2018.
7. Other Current Assets and Other Assets
Other current assets consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

| July 28, 2018 |  | January 27, 2018
Prepaid expenses | $ | 17,187 |  |  | $ | 13,167 |
Insurance recoveries/receivables for accrued insurance claims | 214 |  |  | 13,701 |
Receivables on equipment sales | 1,039 |  |  | 31 |
Deposits and other current assets, including restricted cash | 12,676 |  |  | 12,811 |
Total other current assets | $ | 31,116 |  |  | $ | 39,710 |

Other assets (long-term) consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

| July 28, 2018 |  | January 27, 2018
Deferred financing costs | $ | 3,050 |  |  | $ | 3,873 |
Restricted cash | 5,253 |  |  | 5,253 |
Insurance recoveries/receivables for accrued insurance claims | 5,611 |  |  | 6,722 |
Other non-current deposits and assets | 11,475 |  |  | 12,342 |
Total other assets | $ | 25,389 |  |  | $ | 28,190 |

Insurance recoveries/receivables represent amounts related to accrued insurance claims that exceed the Company’s loss retention and are covered by insurance. During the six months ended July 28, 2018, total insurance recoveries/receivables decreased approximately $14.6 million primarily due to the settlement of claims.
8. Cash and Equivalents and Restricted Cash
Amounts of cash and equivalents and restricted cash reported in the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

| July 28, 2018 |  | January 27, 2018
Cash and equivalents | $ | 23,906 |  |  | $ | 84,029 |
Restricted cash included in: |  |  |
Other current assets | 1,556 |  |  | 900 |
Other assets (long-term) | 5,253 |  |  | 5,253 |
Total cash and equivalents and restricted cash | $ | 30,715 |  |  | $ | 90,182 |

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9. Property and Equipment
Property and equipment consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

| Estimated Useful Lives (Years) |  | July 28, 2018 |  | January 27, 2018
Land | — |  | $ | 3,470 |  |  | $ | 3,470 |
Buildings | 10-35 |  | 12,436 |  |  | 12,315 |
Leasehold improvements | 1-10 |  | 15,334 |  |  | 14,202 |
Vehicles | 1-5 |  | 555,982 |  |  | 536,379 |
Computer hardware and software | 1-7 |  | 128,718 |  |  | 117,058 |
Office furniture and equipment | 1-10 |  | 12,407 |  |  | 11,686 |
Equipment and machinery | 1-10 |  | 285,077 |  |  | 273,712 |
Total |  |  | 1,013,424 |  |  | 968,822 |
Less: accumulated depreciation |  |  | (589,744 | ) |  | (554,054 | )
Property and equipment, net |  |  | $ | 423,680 |  |  | $ | 414,768 |

Depreciation expense was $39.0 million and $34.0 million for the three months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively, and $76.7 million and $65.1 million for the six months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively.
10. Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill
The Company’s goodwill balance was $325.7 million and $321.7 million as of July 28, 2018 and January 27, 2018, respectively. Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill were as follows (dollars in thousands):

| Goodwill |  | Accumulated Impairment Losses |  | Total
Balance as of January 27, 2018 | $ | 517,510 |  |  | $ | (195,767 | ) |  | $ | 321,743 |
Goodwill from fiscal 2019 acquisition | 4,097 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,097 |
Purchase price allocation adjustments from fiscal 2019 acquisition | (91 | ) |  | — |  |  | (91 | )
Balance as of July 28, 2018 | $ | 521,516 |  |  | $ | (195,767 | ) |  | $ | 325,749 |

The Company’s goodwill resides in multiple reporting units and primarily consists of expected synergies resulting from acquisitions, including the expansion of the Company’s geographic presence and strengthening of its customer base. Goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets are assessed annually for impairment, or more frequently if events occur that would indicate a potential reduction in the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value. The profitability of individual reporting units may suffer periodically due to downturns in customer demand and the level of overall economic activity including, in particular, construction and housing activity. The Company’s customers may reduce capital expenditures and defer or cancel pending projects during times of slowing economic conditions. Additionally, adverse conditions in the economy and future volatility in the equity and credit markets could impact the valuation of the Company’s reporting units. The cyclical nature of the Company’s business, the high level of competition existing within its industry, and the concentration of its revenues from a limited number of customers may also cause results to vary. These factors may affect individual reporting units disproportionately, relative to the Company as a whole. As a result, the performance of one or more of the reporting units could decline, resulting in an impairment of goodwill or intangible assets.
The Company has historically completed its annual goodwill impairment assessment as of the first day of the fourth fiscal quarter of each year. As a result of the change in the Company’s fiscal year end, the annual goodwill impairment assessment date was changed to the first day of the fiscal quarter ending on the last Saturday in January, as this became the first day of the Company’s fourth fiscal quarter. For the 2018 transition period, the assessment was performed as of October 29, 2017. As a result of the Company’s 2018 transition period assessment, the Company determined that the fair values of each of the reporting units and the indefinite-lived intangible asset were substantially in excess of their carrying values and no impairment had occurred. As of July 28, 2018, the Company continues to believe the goodwill and the indefinite-lived intangible asset are
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recoverable for all of its reporting units; however, significant adverse changes in the projected revenues and cash flows of a reporting unit could result in an impairment of goodwill or the indefinite-lived intangible asset. There can be no assurances that goodwill or the indefinite-lived intangible asset may not be impaired in future periods.
Intangible Assets
The Company’s intangible assets consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

| July 28, 2018 |  | January 27, 2018
| Weighted Average Remaining Useful Lives (Years) |  | Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Intangible Assets, Net |  | Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Intangible Assets, Net
Customer relationships | 11.5 |  | $ | 312,017 |  |  | $ | 146,740 |  |  | $ | 165,277 |  |  | $ | 299,717 |  |  | $ | 135,544 |  |  | $ | 164,173 |
Trade names | 8.2 |  | 10,350 |  |  | 8,103 |  |  | 2,247 |  |  | 10,350 |  |  | 7,872 |  |  | 2,478 |
UtiliQuest trade name | — |  | 4,700 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,700 |  |  | 4,700 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,700 |
Non-compete agreements | 2.0 |  | 200 |  |  | 119 |  |  | 81 |  |  | 450 |  |  | 332 |  |  | 118 |
|  |  | $ | 327,267 |  |  | $ | 154,962 |  |  | $ | 172,305 |  |  | $ | 315,217 |  |  | $ | 143,748 |  |  | $ | 171,469 |

Amortization of the Company’s customer relationship intangibles is recognized on an accelerated basis as a function of the expected economic benefit. Amortization for the Company’s other finite-lived intangibles is recognized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life. Amortization expense for finite-lived intangible assets was $5.8 million and $6.3 million for the three months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively, and $11.5 million and $12.5 million for the six months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively.
As of July 28, 2018, the Company believes that the carrying amounts of its intangible assets are recoverable. However, if adverse events were to occur or circumstances were to change indicating that the carrying amount of such assets may not be fully recoverable, the assets would be reviewed for impairment and the assets could be impaired.
11. Accrued Insurance Claims
For claims within its insurance program, the Company retains the risk of loss, up to certain limits, for matters related to automobile liability, general liability (including damages associated with underground facility locating services), workers’ compensation, and employee group health. With regard to losses occurring in the twelve month policy period ending January 30, 2019, the Company retains the risk of loss up to $1.0 million on a per occurrence basis for automobile liability, general liability, and workers’ compensation. These retention amounts are applicable to all of the states in which the Company operates, except with respect to workers’ compensation insurance in two states in which the Company participates in state-sponsored insurance funds. Aggregate stop-loss coverage for automobile liability, general liability, and workers’ compensation claims is $78.9 million for the twelve month policy period ending January 30, 2019.
The Company is party to a stop-loss agreement for losses under its employee group health plan. For calendar year 2019, the Company retains the risk of loss, on an annual basis, up to the first $400,000 of claims per participant, as well as an annual aggregate amount. Amounts for total accrued insurance claims and insurance recoveries/receivables are as follows (dollars in thousands):

| July 28, 2018 |  | January 27, 2018
Accrued insurance claims - current | $ | 39,010 |  |  | $ | 53,890 |
Accrued insurance claims - non-current | 61,100 |  |  | 59,385 |
Total accrued insurance claims | $ | 100,110 |  |  | $ | 113,275 |
Insurance recoveries/receivables: |  |  |
Current (included in Other current assets) | $ | 214 |  |  | $ | 13,701 |
Non-current (included in Other assets) | 5,611 |  |  | 6,722 |
Total insurance recoveries/receivables | $ | 5,825 |  |  | $ | 20,423 |

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During the six months ended July 28, 2018, total insurance recoveries/receivables decreased approximately $14.6 million primarily due to the settlement of claims which were paid by the Company’s insurers. Accrued insurance claims decreased by a corresponding amount.
12. Other Accrued Liabilities
Other accrued liabilities consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

| July 28, 2018 |  | January 27, 2018
Accrued payroll and related taxes | $ | 27,288 |  |  | $ | 23,010 |
Accrued employee benefit and incentive plan costs | 16,552 |  |  | 16,097 |
Accrued construction costs | 39,998 |  |  | 24,582 |
Other current liabilities | 20,788 |  |  | 15,968 |
Total other accrued liabilities | $ | 104,626 |  |  | $ | 79,657 |

13. Debt
The Company’s outstanding indebtedness consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

| July 28, 2018 |  | January 27, 2018
Credit Agreement - Revolving facility (matures April 2020) | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Credit Agreement - Term loan facilities (mature April 2020) | 346,031 |  |  | 358,063 |
0.75% convertible senior notes, net (mature September 2021) | 412,568 |  |  | 402,249 |
| 758,599 |  |  | 760,312 |
Less: current portion | (31,281 | ) |  | (26,469 | )
Long-term debt | $ | 727,318 |  |  | $ | 733,843 |

Senior Credit Agreement
The Company and certain of its subsidiaries are party to a credit agreement with various lenders, dated as of December 3, 2012 (as amended as of June 17, 2016, May 20, 2016, September 9, 2015, and April 24, 2015), that matures on April 24, 2020 (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”). The Credit Agreement provides for a $450.0 million revolving facility, $385.0 million in aggregate term loan facilities, and contains a sublimit of $200.0 million for the issuance of letters of credit.
Subject to certain conditions the Credit Agreement provides the Company with the ability to enter into one or more incremental facilities, either by increasing the revolving commitments under the Credit Agreement and/or in the form of term loans, up to the greater of (i) $150.0 million and (ii) an amount such that, after giving effect to such incremental facilities on a pro forma basis (assuming that the amount of the incremental commitments are fully drawn and funded), the consolidated senior secured leverage ratio does not exceed 2.25 to 1.00. The consolidated senior secured leverage ratio is the ratio of the Company’s consolidated senior secured indebtedness to its trailing twelve month consolidated earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (“EBITDA”), as defined by the Credit Agreement. Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are guaranteed by substantially all of the Company’s subsidiaries and secured by the equity interests of the substantial majority of the Company’s subsidiaries.
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Borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest at the rates described below based upon the Company’s consolidated leverage ratio, which is the ratio of the Company’s consolidated total funded debt to its trailing twelve month consolidated EBITDA, as defined by the Credit Agreement. In addition, the Company incurs certain fees for unused balances and letters of credit at the rates described below, also based upon the Company’s consolidated leverage ratio.

Borrowings - Eurodollar Rate Loans | 1.25% - 2.00% plus LIBOR
Borrowings - Base Rate Loans | 0.25% - 1.00% plus administrative agent’s base rate(1)
Unused Revolver Commitment | 0.25% - 0.40%
Standby Letters of Credit | 1.25% - 2.00%
Commercial Letters of Credit | 0.625% - 1.00%

(1) The agent’s base rate is described in the Credit Agreement as the highest of (i) the administrative agent’s prime rate, (ii) the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.50%, and (iii) the Eurodollar rate plus 1.00%, plus an applicable margin.
Standby letters of credit of approximately $48.6 million, issued as part of the Company’s insurance program, were outstanding under the Credit Agreement as of both July 28, 2018 and January 27, 2018.
The weighted average interest rates and fees for balances under the Credit Agreement as of July 28, 2018 and January 27, 2018 were as follows:

| Weighted Average Rate End of Period
| July 28, 2018 |  | January 27, 2018
Borrowings - Term loan facilities | 3.84% |  | 3.30%
Borrowings - Revolving facility(1) | —% |  | —%
Standby Letters of Credit | 1.75% |  | 1.75%
Unused Revolver Commitment | 0.35% |  | 0.35%

(1) There were no outstanding borrowings under the revolving facility as of July 28, 2018 or January 27, 2018.
The Credit Agreement contains a financial covenant that requires the Company to maintain a consolidated leverage ratio of not greater than 3.50 to 1.00, as measured at the end of each fiscal quarter. The Credit Agreement provides for certain increases to this ratio in connection with permitted acquisitions. In addition, the agreement contains a financial covenant that requires the Company to maintain a consolidated interest coverage ratio, which is the ratio of the Company’s trailing twelve month consolidated EBITDA to its consolidated interest expense, each as defined by the Credit Agreement, of not less than 3.00 to 1.00, as measured at the end of each fiscal quarter. At both July 28, 2018 and January 27, 2018, the Company was in compliance with the financial covenants of the Credit Agreement and had borrowing availability under the revolving facility of $401.4 million as determined by the most restrictive covenant.
0.75% Convertible Senior Notes Due 2021
On September 15, 2015, the Company issued 0.75% convertible senior notes due September 2021 (the “Notes”) in a private placement in the principal amount of $485.0 million. The Notes, governed by the terms of an indenture between the Company and a bank trustee are unsecured obligations and do not contain any financial covenants or restrictions on the payments of dividends, the incurrence of indebtedness or the issuance or repurchase of securities by the Company. The Notes bear interest at a rate of 0.75% per year, payable in cash semiannually in March and September, and will mature on September 15, 2021, unless earlier purchased by the Company or converted. In the event the Company fails to perform certain obligations under the indenture, the Notes will accrue additional interest. Certain events are considered “events of default” under the Notes, which may result in the acceleration of the maturity of the Notes, as described in the indenture.
Each $1,000 of principal of the Notes is convertible into 10.3211 shares of the Company’s common stock, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $96.89 per share. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment in certain circumstances, including in connection with specified fundamental changes (as defined in the indenture). In addition, holders of the Notes have the right to require the Company to repurchase all or a portion of their notes on the occurrence of a fundamental change at a price of 100% of their principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest.
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Prior to June 15, 2021, the Notes are convertible by the Note holder under the following circumstances: (1) during any fiscal quarter commencing after October 24, 2015 (and only during such fiscal quarter) if the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the 30 consecutive trading days period ending on the last trading day of the immediately preceding fiscal quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the applicable conversion price on such trading day ($125.96 assuming an applicable conversion price of $96.89); (2) during the five consecutive business day period after any five consecutive trading day period (the “measurement period”) in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of Notes for each trading day of such measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock and the applicable conversion rate on each such trading day; or (3) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events. On or after June 15, 2021 until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert all or a portion of their Notes at any time regardless of the foregoing circumstances. Upon conversion, the Notes will be settled, at the Company’s election, in cash, shares of the Company’s common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of the Company’s common stock. The Company intends to settle the principal amount of the Notes with cash.
During the three months ended July 28, 2018, the closing price of the Company’s common stock did not meet or exceed 130% of the applicable conversion price of the Notes for at least 20 of the last 30 consecutive trading dates of the quarter. Additionally, no other conditions allowing holders of the Notes to convert have been met as of July 28, 2018. As a result, the Notes were not convertible during the three months ended July 28, 2018 and are classified as long-term debt.
In accordance with ASC Topic 470, Debt, certain convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion are required to be accounted for as separate liability and equity components. The carrying amount of the liability component is calculated by measuring the fair value of a similar instrument that does not have an associated convertible feature using an indicative market interest rate (“Comparable Yield”) as of the date of issuance. The difference between the principal amount of the notes and the carrying amount represents a debt discount. The debt discount is amortized to interest expense using the Comparable Yield (5.5% with respect to the Notes) using the effective interest rate method over the term of the Notes. The Company incurred $4.8 million and $4.5 million of interest expense during the three months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively, and $9.4 million and $8.9 million of interest expense during the six months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively, for the non-cash amortization of the debt discount. The liability component of the Notes consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

| July 28, 2018 |  | January 27, 2018
Liability component |  |  |
Principal amount of 0.75% convertible senior notes due September 2021 | $ | 485,000 |  |  | $ | 485,000 |
Less: Debt discount | (65,477 | ) |  | (74,899 | )
Less: Debt issuance costs | (6,955 | ) |  | (7,852 | )
Net carrying amount of Notes | $ | 412,568 |  |  | $ | 402,249 |

The equity component of the Notes was recognized at issuance and represents the difference between the principal amount of the Notes and the fair value of the liability component of the Notes at issuance. The equity component approximated $112.6 million at the time of issuance and its fair value is not remeasured as long as it continues to meet the conditions for equity classification.
The following table summarizes the fair value of the Notes, net of the debt discount and debt issuance costs. The fair value of the Notes is based on the closing trading price per $100 of the Notes as of the last day of trading for the respective periods (Level 2), which was $112.52 and $136.01 as of July 28, 2018 and January 27, 2018, respectively (dollars in thousands):

| July 28, 2018 |  | January 27, 2018
Fair value of principal amount of Notes | $ | 545,722 |  |  | $ | 659,649 |
Less: Debt discount and debt issuance costs | (72,432 | ) |  | (82,751 | )
Fair value of Notes | $ | 473,290 |  |  | $ | 576,898 |

Convertible Note Hedge and Warrant Transactions
In connection with the offering of the Notes, the Company entered into convertible note hedge transactions with counterparties to reduce the potential dilution to common stockholders from the conversion of the Notes and offsetting any potential cash payments in excess of the principal amount of the Notes. In the event that shares or cash are deliverable to holders of the Notes upon conversion at limits defined in the indenture governing the Notes, counterparties to the convertible
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note hedge will be required to deliver up to 5.006 million shares of the Company’s common stock or pay cash to the Company in a similar amount as the value that the Company delivers to the holders of the Notes based on a conversion price of $96.89 per share.
In addition, the Company entered into separately negotiated warrant transactions with the same counterparties as the convertible note hedge transactions whereby the Company sold warrants to purchase, subject to certain anti-dilution adjustments, up to 5.006 million shares of the Company’s common stock at a price of $130.43 per share. The warrants will not have a dilutive effect on the Company’s earnings per share unless the Company’s quarterly average share price exceeds the warrant strike price of $130.43 per share. In this event, the Company expects to settle the warrant transactions on a net share basis whereby it will issue shares of its common stock.
Upon settlement of the conversion premium of the Notes, convertible note hedge, and warrants, the resulting dilutive impact of these transactions, if any, would be the number of shares necessary to settle the value of the warrant transactions above $130.43 per share. The net amounts incurred in connection with the convertible note hedge and warrant transactions were recorded as a reduction to additional paid-in capital on the consolidated balance sheets during fiscal 2016 and are not expected to be remeasured in subsequent reporting periods.
The Company recorded an initial deferred tax liability of $43.4 million in connection with the debt discount associated with the Notes and recorded an initial deferred tax asset of $43.2 million in connection with the convertible note hedge transactions. Both the deferred tax liability and deferred tax asset are included in non-current deferred tax liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. See Note 14, Income Taxes, for additional information regarding the Company’s deferred tax liabilities and assets.
14. Income Taxes
The Company’s interim income tax provisions are based on the effective income tax rate expected to be applicable for the full fiscal year, adjusted for specific items that are required to be recognized in the period in which they occur. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are based on the enacted tax rate that will apply in future periods when such assets and liabilities are expected to be settled or realized.
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (“Tax Reform”) was enacted in December 2017 and includes significant changes to U.S. income tax law. Tax Reform, among other things, reduced the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent. As a result, the Company’s net deferred tax liabilities as of January 27, 2018 were remeasured to reflect the reduced rate under Tax Reform.
The Company’s effective income tax rate of 27.7% and 37.2% for the six months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively, differs from the applicable U.S. federal corporate income tax rate for each respective period primarily as the result of non-deductible and non-taxable items, tax credits recognized in relation to pre-tax results, and certain impacts from the vesting and exercise of share-based awards.
The Company’s interpretations of the provisions of Tax Reform could differ from future interpretations and guidance from the U.S Treasury Department, the IRS and other regulatory agencies, including state taxing authorities in jurisdictions where the Company operates. Any future adjustments resulting from these factors would impact the Company’s provision for income taxes and effective tax rate in the period in which they are made.
15. Other Income, Net
The components of other income, net, were as follows (dollars in thousands):

| For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Six Months Ended
| July 28, 2018 |  | July 29, 2017 |  | July 28, 2018 |  | July 29, 2017
Gain on sale of fixed assets | $ | 4,909 |  |  | $ | 6,645 |  |  | $ | 13,324 |  |  | $ | 11,694 |
Miscellaneous expense, net | (753 | ) |  | (602 | ) |  | (1,456 | ) |  | (858 | )
Total other income, net | $ | 4,156 |  |  | $ | 6,043 |  |  | $ | 11,868 |  |  | $ | 10,836 |

The Company participates in a customer-sponsored vendor payment program. All eligible accounts receivable from this customer are included in the program and payment is received pursuant to a non-recourse sale to the customer’s bank partner. This program effectively reduces the time to collect these receivables as compared to that customer’s standard payment terms.
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The Company incurs a discount fee to the bank on the payments received that is reflected as an expense component in other income, net, in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Miscellaneous expense, net includes approximately $1.0 million and $0.8 million for the three months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively, and $2.0 million and $1.7 million for the six months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively, of discount fee expense incurred in connection with the non-recourse sale of accounts receivable under this program. The program has not changed since its inception during fiscal 2016.
16. Capital Stock
Repurchases of Common Stock. During the six months ended July 29, 2017, the Company repurchased and canceled 400,000 shares of its common stock, at an average price of $94.77 per share, for $37.9 million. The Company did not repurchase any of its common stock during the six months ended July 28, 2018. As of July 28, 2018, $95.2 million remained available for repurchases through August 2018 under the Company’s share repurchase program. See Note 20, Subsequent Events, for information regarding a new authorization by the Company’s Board of Directors in August 2018 which replaced the previous authorization following its expiration.
17. Stock-Based Awards
The Company has certain stock-based compensation plans under which it grants stock-based awards, including common stock, stock options, restricted share units, and performance-based restricted share units (“Performance RSUs”) to attract, retain, and reward talented employees, officers, and directors, and to align the interests of employees, officers, and directors with those of the stockholders.
Compensation expense for stock-based awards is based on fair value at the measurement date. This expense fluctuates over time as a function of the duration of vesting periods of the stock-based awards and the Company’s performance, as measured by criteria set forth in performance-based awards. Stock-based compensation expense is included in general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and the amount of expense ultimately recognized depends on the quantity of awards that actually vest. Accordingly, stock-based compensation expense may vary from period to period.
The performance criteria for the Company’s performance-based equity awards utilize the Company’s operating earnings (adjusted for certain amounts) as a percentage of contract revenues for the applicable four-quarter period (a “Performance Year”) and its Performance Year operating cash flow level (adjusted for certain amounts). Additionally, certain awards include three-year performance goals that, if met, result in supplemental shares awarded. For Performance RSUs, the Company evaluates compensation expense quarterly and recognizes expense for performance-based awards only if it determines it is probable that performance criteria for the awards will be met.
Stock-based compensation expense and the related tax benefit recognized and realized during the three and six months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

| For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Six Months Ended
| July 28, 2018 |  | July 29, 2017 |  | July 28, 2018 |  | July 29, 2017
Stock-based compensation | $ | 6,048 |  |  | $ | 4,874 |  |  | $ | 10,911 |  |  | $ | 9,789 |
Income tax effect of stock-based compensation | $ | 1,420 |  |  | $ | 1,870 |  |  | $ | 2,489 |  |  | $ | 3,813 |

As of July 28, 2018, the Company had unrecognized compensation expense related to stock options, RSUs, and target Performance RSUs (based on the Company’s estimate of performance goal achievement) of $3.3 million, $11.0 million, and $27.2 million, respectively. This expense will be recognized over a weighted-average number of years of 2.5, 2.6, and 2.2, respectively, based on the average remaining service periods for the awards. As of July 28, 2018, the Company may recognize an additional $12.2 million in compensation expense in future periods if the maximum amount of Performance RSUs is earned based on certain performance criteria being met.
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Stock Options
The following table summarizes stock option award activity during the six months ended July 28, 2018:

| Stock Options
| Shares |  | Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding as of January 27, 2018 | 636,730 |  |  | $ | 27.93 |
Granted | 28,796 |  |  | $ | 106.19 |
Options exercised | (34,442 | ) |  | $ | 11.05 |
Canceled | — |  |  | $ | — |
Outstanding as of July 28, 2018 | 631,084 |  |  | $ | 32.43 |
Exercisable options as of July 28, 2018 | 515,065 |  |  | $ | 22.34 |

RSUs and Performance RSUs
The following table summarizes RSU and Performance RSU award activity during the six months ended July 28, 2018:

| Restricted Stock
| RSUs |  | Performance RSUs
| Share Units |  | Weighted Average Grant Price |  | Share Units |  | Weighted Average Grant Price
Outstanding as of January 27, 2018 | 133,896 |  |  | $ | 71.81 |  |  | 390,327 |  |  | $ | 80.52 |
Granted | 51,380 |  |  | $ | 103.36 |  |  | 218,628 |  |  | $ | 106.19 |
Share units vested | (4,449 | ) |  | $ | 78.74 |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |
Forfeited or canceled | (6,673 | ) |  | $ | 70.56 |  |  | (27,434 | ) |  | $ | 87.29 |
Outstanding as of July 28, 2018 | 174,154 |  |  | $ | 80.99 |  |  | 581,521 |  |  | $ | 89.85 |

The total amount of granted Performance RSUs presented above consists of 158,841 target shares and 59,787 supplemental shares. The total amount of Performance RSUs outstanding as of July 28, 2018 consists of 420,786 target shares and 160,735 supplemental shares. With respect to the Company’s Performance Year ended July 28, 2018, approximately 24,689 supplemental shares outstanding as of July 28, 2018 will be canceled during the three months ending October 27, 2018 as a result of the performance criteria for attaining supplemental shares being partially met.
18. Customer Concentration and Revenue Information
Geographic Location
The Company provides services throughout the United States and in Canada. Revenues from services provided in Canada were not material during the three or six months ended July 28, 2018 or July 29, 2017.
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Significant Customers
The Company’s customer base is highly concentrated, with its top five customers during the six months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017 accounting for approximately 78.3% and 77.6%, respectively, of its total contract revenues. Customers whose contract revenues exceeded 10% of total contract revenues during the three or six months ended July 28, 2018 or July 29, 2017, as well as total contract revenues from all other customers combined, were as follows (dollars in millions):

| For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Six Months Ended
| July 28, 2018 |  | July 29, 2017 |  | July 28, 2018 |  | July 29, 2017
| Amount |  | % of Total |  | Amount |  | % of Total |  | Amount |  | % of Total |  | Amount |  | % of Total
Comcast Corporation | $ | 171.2 |  |  | 21.4% |  | $ | 153.1 |  |  | 19.6% |  | $ | 330.3 |  |  | 21.6 | % |  | $ | 306.0 |  |  | 19.5 | %
AT&T Inc. | 165.2 |  |  | 20.7 |  | 163.5 |  |  | 21.0 |  | 342.2 |  |  | 22.4 |  |  | 376.6 |  |  | 24.0 |
Verizon Communications Inc. | 147.3 |  |  | 18.4 |  | 78.3 |  |  | 10.0 |  | 269.5 |  |  | 17.6 |  |  | 145.1 |  |  | 9.3 |
CenturyLink, Inc.(1) | 107.6 |  |  | 13.5 |  | 165.2 |  |  | 21.2 |  | 197.2 |  |  | 12.9 |  |  | 311.5 |  |  | 19.9 |
Total other customers combined | 208.2 |  |  | 26.0 |  | 220.1 |  |  | 28.2 |  | 391.6 |  |  | 25.5 |  | 427.3 |  |  | 27.3
Total contract revenues | $ | 799.5 |  |  | 100.0% |  | $ | 780.2 |  |  | 100.0% |  | $ | 1,530.8 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 1,566.5 |  |  | 100.0 | %

(1) For comparison purposes in the table above, amounts from CenturyLink, Inc. and Level 3 Communications, Inc. have been combined for periods prior to their November 2017 merger.
See Note 6, Accounts Receivable, Contract Assets, and Contract Liabilities, for information on the Company’s customer credit concentration and collectability of trade accounts receivable and contract assets.
Customer Type
Total contract revenues by customer type during the three and six months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017 were as follows (dollars in millions):

| For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Six Months Ended
| July 28, 2018 |  | July 29, 2017 |  | July 28, 2018 |  | July 29, 2017
| Amount |  | % of Total |  | Amount |  | % of Total |  | Amount |  | % of Total |  | Amount |  | % of Total
Telecommunications | $ | 726.7 |  |  | 90.9% |  | $ | 712.0 |  |  | 91.3% |  | $ | 1,393.9 |  |  | 91.1% |  | $ | 1,437.4 |  |  | 91.8%
Underground facility locating | 49.0 |  |  | 6.1 |  | 47.5 |  |  | 6.1 |  | 94.1 |  |  | 6.1 |  | 89.6 |  |  | 5.7
Electrical and gas utilities and other | 23.8 |  |  | 3.0 |  | 20.7 |  |  | 2.6 |  | 42.8 |  |  | 2.8 |  | 39.5 |  |  | 2.5
Total contract revenues | $ | 799.5 |  |  | 100.0% |  | $ | 780.2 |  |  | 100.0% |  | $ | 1,530.8 |  |  | 100.0% |  | $ | 1,566.5 |  |  | 100.0%

Remaining Performance Obligations
Master service agreements and other contractual agreements with customers contain customer-specified service requirements, such as discrete pricing for individual tasks. In most cases, the Company’s customers are not contractually committed to procure specific volumes of services under these agreements.
Services are generally performed pursuant to these agreements in accordance with individual work orders. An individual work order generally is completed within one year or in many cases, less than one week. As a result, the Company’s remaining performance obligations under the work orders not yet completed is not meaningful in relation to the Company’s overall revenue at any given point in time. The Company applies the practical expedient in Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and does not disclose information about remaining performance obligations that have original expected durations of one year or less.
19. Commitments and Contingencies
During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016, one of the Company’s subsidiaries ceased operations. This subsidiary contributed to a multiemployer pension plan, the Pension, Hospitalization and Benefit Plan of the Electrical Industry - Pension Trust Fund
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(the “Plan”). In October 2016, the Plan demanded payment for a claimed withdrawal liability of approximately $13.0 million. In December 2016, the Company submitted a formal request to the Plan seeking review of the Plan’s withdrawal liability determination. The Company is disputing the claim of a withdrawal liability demanded by the Plan as it believes there is a statutory exemption available under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (“ERISA”) for multiemployer pension plans that primarily cover employees in the building and construction industry. The Plan has taken the position that the work at issue does not qualify for the statutory exemption. The Company has submitted this dispute to arbitration, as required by ERISA, with a hearing expected sometime in calendar 2018. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in asserting the statutory exemption as a defense in the arbitration proceeding. As required by ERISA, in November 2016, the subsidiary began making monthly payments of a withdrawal liability to the Plan in the amount of approximately $0.1 million. If the Company prevails in disputing the withdrawal liability, all such payments will be refunded to the subsidiary.
With respect to the acquisition of certain assets and the assumption of certain liabilities associated with the wireless network deployment and wireline operations of Goodman Networks Incorporated (“Goodman”) during fiscal 2016, $22.5 million of the purchase price was placed into escrow to cover indemnification claims and working capital adjustments. During fiscal 2017, $2.5 million of escrowed funds were released following resolution of closing working capital and $10.0 million of escrowed funds were released as a result of Goodman’s resolution of a sales tax liability with the State of Texas. In April 2018, $9.7 million of escrowed funds were released in connection with the resolution of certain indemnification claims, of which Dycom received $1.6 million. There was no impact on the Company’s results of operations related to the escrow release. As of July 28, 2018, approximately $0.3 million remains in escrow pending resolution of certain post-closing indemnification claims.
From time to time, the Company is party to various claims and legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. While the resolution of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, it is the opinion of management, based on information available at this time, that the outcome of any such claims or proceedings will not have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.
For claims within its insurance program, the Company retains the risk of loss, up to certain limits, for matters related to automobile liability, general liability (including damages associated with underground facility locating services), workers’ compensation, and employee group health. The Company has established reserves that it believes to be adequate based on current evaluations and experience with these types of claims. For these claims, the effect on the Company’s financial statements is generally limited to the amount needed to satisfy insurance deductibles or retentions.
Commitments
Performance Bonds and Guarantees. The Company has obligations under performance and other surety contract bonds related to certain of its customer contracts. Performance bonds generally provide a customer with the right to obtain payment and/or performance from the issuer of the bond if the Company fails to perform its contractual obligations. As of July 28, 2018 and January 27, 2018, the Company had $134.5 million and $118.1 million, respectively, of outstanding performance and other surety contract bonds.
The Company periodically guarantees certain obligations of its subsidiaries, including obligations in connection with obtaining state contractor licenses and leasing real property and equipment.
Letters of Credit. The Company has standby letters of credit issued under its Credit Agreement as part of its insurance program. These standby letters of credit collateralize obligations to the Company’s insurance carriers in connection with the settlement of potential claims. As of both July 28, 2018 and January 27, 2018, the Company had $48.6 million of outstanding standby letters of credit issued under the Credit Agreement.
20. Subsequent Events
On August 29, 2018, the Company announced that its Board of Directors had authorized a new $150.0 million program to repurchase shares of the Company’s outstanding common stock through February 2020 in open market or private transactions. The repurchase authorization replaces the Company’s previous repurchase authorization which expired in August 2018. At expiration, approximately $95.2 million of the previous repurchase authorization remained outstanding. As of August 29, 2018, the full $150.0 million of the new repurchase authorization was available for repurchase.
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Cautionary Note Concerning Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including any documents incorporated by reference or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein, contains forward-looking statements relating to future events, financial performance, strategies, expectations, and the competitive environment. Words such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “intend,” “project,” “forecast,” “target,” “outlook,” “may,” “should,” “could,” and similar expressions, as well as statements written in the future tense, identify forward-looking statements. They will not necessarily be accurate indications of whether or at what time such performance or results will be achieved.
You should not consider forward-looking statements as guarantees of future performance or results. When made, forward-looking statements are based on information available at the time and/or management’s good faith belief with respect to future events. Such statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual performance or results to differ materially from those expressed in or suggested by the forward-looking statements. Important factors, assumptions, uncertainties, and risks that could cause such differences are discussed within Part II, Item 1A, Risk Factors, of this Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q, as well as Item 1, Business, Item 1A, Risk Factors, and Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, included in our Transition Report on Form 10-K for the six months ended January 27, 2018, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 2, 2018 and other risks outlined in our other periodic filings with the SEC. Our forward-looking statements are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement and are only made as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We undertake no obligation to update them to reflect new information or events or circumstances arising after such date.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and with our Transition Report on Form 10-K for the six months ended January 27, 2018. Our Transition Report on Form 10-K for the six months ended January 27, 2018 was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 2, 2018, and is available on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov and on our website at www.dycomind.com.
Introduction
We are a leading provider of specialty contracting services throughout the United States and in Canada. Our subsidiaries provide program management, engineering, construction, maintenance, and installation services for telecommunications providers, underground facility locating services for various utilities, including telecommunications providers, and other construction and maintenance services for electric and gas utilities. We provide the labor, tools, and equipment necessary to plan, design, engineer, locate, expand, upgrade, install, and maintain the telecommunications infrastructure of our customers.
Developments in consumer and business applications within the telecommunications industry, including advanced digital and video service offerings, continue to increase demand for greater wireline and wireless network capacity and reliability. Telecommunications providers outsource a significant portion of their engineering, construction, maintenance, and installation requirements, driving demand for our services.
Telecommunications network operators are increasingly deploying fiber optic cable technology deeper into their networks and closer to consumers and businesses in order to respond to consumer demand, competitive realities, and public policy support. Telephone companies are deploying fiber to the home to enable video offerings and 1 gigabit high-speed connections. Cable operators continue to increase the speeds of their services to residential customers and they continue to deploy fiber for business customers. Deployments for business customers are often in anticipation of the customer sales process as confidence and the number of customers continue to increase. Fiber deep deployments to expand capacity as well as new build opportunities are increasing.
Significant demand for wireless broadband is driven by the proliferation of smartphones and other mobile data devices. To respond to this demand and other advances in technology, wireless carriers are upgrading their networks and contemplating next generation mobile and fixed wireless solutions such as small cells and 5G technologies. Wireless carriers are actively spending on their networks to respond to the significant increase in wireless data traffic, to upgrade network technologies to improve performance and efficiency, and to consolidate disparate technology platforms. Wireless construction activity and support of expanded coverage and capacity is expected to accelerate through the deployment of new or enhanced macro and small cells. These initiatives present long-term opportunities for us with the wireless service providers we serve. As the demand for mobile broadband grows, the amount of wireless traffic that must be “backhauled” over customers’ fiber networks increases and, as a result, carriers are accelerating the deployment of fiber optic cables to macro cellular sites and small cells. In addition,
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emerging wireless technologies are driving significant wireline deployments. A complementary wireline investment cycle is underway to facilitate the deployment of fully converged wireless/wireline networks. The industry effort required to deploy these converged networks is driving demand for the type of services we provide.
Consolidation and merger activity among telecommunications providers can also provide increased demand for our services as networks are integrated. As a result of merger activity, a significant customer has committed to the Federal Communications Commission (the “FCC”) to expand and increase broadband network capabilities. These activities may further create a competitive response driving demand for our services.
The cyclical nature of the industry we serve affects demand for our services. The capital expenditure and maintenance budgets of our customers, and the related timing of approvals and seasonal spending patterns, influence our contract revenues and results of operations. The needs of our customers may affect their capital expenditures and maintenance budgets. Factors affecting our customers include, but are not limited to, demands of their consumers, the physical maintenance needs of their infrastructure, the introduction of new communications technologies, the actions of the government and the FCC, merger or acquisition activity, and overall economic conditions. Changes in our mix of customers, contracts, and business activities, as well as changes in the general level of construction activity also drive variations in contract revenues and results of operations.
Customer Relationships and Contractual Arrangements
We have established relationships with many leading telecommunications providers, including telephone companies, cable multiple system operators, wireless carriers, telecommunications equipment and infrastructure providers, and electric and gas utilities. Our customer base is highly concentrated, with our top five customers during each of the six months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017 accounting for approximately 78.3% and 77.6%, respectively, of our total contract revenues.
The following reflects the percentage of total contract revenues from customers who contributed at least 2.5% to our total contract revenues during the three or six months ended July 28, 2018 or July 29, 2017:

| For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Six Months Ended
| July 28, 2018 |  | July 29, 2017 |  | July 28, 2018 |  | July 29, 2017
Comcast Corporation | 21.4% |  | 19.6% |  | 21.6% |  | 19.5%
AT&T Inc. | 20.7% |  | 21.0% |  | 22.4% |  | 24.0%
Verizon Communications Inc. | 18.4% |  | 10.0% |  | 17.6% |  | 9.3%
CenturyLink, Inc.(1) | 13.5% |  | 21.2% |  | 12.9% |  | 19.9%
Charter Communications, Inc. | 3.9% |  | 3.9% |  | 3.9% |  | 3.8%
Windstream Corporation | 3.6% |  | 5.0% |  | 3.5% |  | 4.9%

(1) For comparison purposes, contract revenues from CenturyLink, Inc. and Level 3 Communications, Inc. have been combined for periods prior to their November 2017 merger.
In addition, another customer contributed 0.8% and 2.1% to our total contract revenues during the three months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively, and 0.8% and 2.7% during the six months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively.
We perform a majority of our services under master service agreements and other contracts that contain customer-specified service requirements, such as discrete pricing for individual tasks. We generally possess multiple agreements with each of our significant customers. To the extent that such agreements specify exclusivity, there are often exceptions, including the ability of the customer to issue work orders valued above a specified dollar amount to other service providers, the performance of work with the customer’s own employees, and the use of other service providers when jointly placing facilities with another utility. In many cases, a customer may terminate an agreement for convenience with written notice. Historically, multi-year master service agreements have been awarded primarily through a competitive bidding process; however, we occasionally are able to extend these agreements through negotiations. Contract revenues from multi-year master service agreements were approximately 63.9% and 68.4% of total contract revenues during the three months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively, and 63.1% and 66.5% during the six months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively.
We provide the remainder of our services pursuant to contracts for specific projects. These contracts may be long-term (with terms greater than one year) or short-term (with terms less than one year) and often include customary retainage provisions under which the customer may withhold 5% to 10% of the invoiced amounts pending project completion and
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closeout. Contract revenues from long-term contracts were 22.8%, and 17.5% during the three months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively, and 23.6% and 20.9% during the six months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively.
Acquisitions
As part of our growth strategy, we may acquire companies that expand, complement, or diversify our business. We regularly review opportunities and periodically engage in discussions regarding possible acquisitions. Our ability to sustain our growth and maintain our competitive position may be affected by our ability to identify, acquire, and successfully integrate companies.
Fiscal 2019. During March 2018, we acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of a telecommunications construction and maintenance services provider in the Midwest and Northeast United States for a cash purchase price of $20.9 million, less an adjustment for working capital received below a target amount estimated to be approximately $0.5 million. This acquisition expands our geographic presence within our existing customer base.
Fiscal 2017. During March 2017, we acquired Texstar Enterprises, Inc. (“Texstar”) for $26.1 million, net of cash acquired. Texstar provides construction and maintenance services for telecommunications providers in the Southwest and Pacific Northwest United States. This acquisition expands our geographic presence within our existing customer base.
The results of these businesses acquired are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements from their respective dates of acquisition. The purchase price allocation of Texstar was completed within the 12-month measurement period from the date of acquisition. Adjustments to the provisional allocation were recognized in the reporting period in which the adjustments were determined and were not material. The purchase price allocation of the fiscal 2019 acquisition is preliminary and will be completed when valuations for intangible assets and other amounts are finalized within the 12-month measurement period from the date of acquisition.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in these condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates and assumptions require the use of judgment as to the likelihood of various future outcomes and, as a result, actual results could differ materially from these estimates. There have been no material changes to our accounting policies and critical accounting estimates described in our Transition Report on Form 10-K for the six months ended January 27, 2018 except as described below.
Understanding Our Results of Operations
The following information is presented so that the reader may better understand certain factors impacting our results of operations and should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates within I tem 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, as well as Note 1, Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies, in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Transition Report on Form 10-K for the six months ended January 27, 2018 filed with the SEC on March 2, 2018.
Accounting Period. In September 2017, our Board of Directors approved a change in the Company’s fiscal year end from the last Saturday in July to the last Saturday in January. The change in fiscal year end better aligns our fiscal year with the planning cycles of our customers. For quarterly comparisons, there were no changes to the months in each fiscal quarter. Beginning with fiscal 2019, each fiscal year ends on the last Saturday in January and consists of either 52 or 53 weeks of operations (with the additional week of operations occurring in the fourth fiscal quarter).
Contract Revenues. We perform a substantial majority of our services under master service agreements and other contracts that contain customer-specified service requirements. These agreements include discrete pricing for individual tasks including, for example, the placement of underground or aerial fiber, directional boring, and fiber splicing, each based on a specific unit of measure. Contractual agreements exist when each party involved approves and commits to the agreement, the rights of the parties and payment terms are identified, the agreement has commercial substance, and collectability of consideration is probable. Our services are performed for the sole benefit of our customers, whereby the assets being created or maintained are controlled by the customer and the services we perform do not have alternative benefits for us. Contract revenue is recognized
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over time as services are performed and customers simultaneously receive and consume the benefits we provide. Output measures such as units delivered are utilized to assess progress against specific contractual performance obligations for the majority of our services. The selection of the method to measure progress towards completion requires judgment and is based on the nature of the services to be provided. For us, the output method using units delivered best represents the measure of progress against the performance obligations incorporated within the contractual agreements. This method captures the amount of units delivered pursuant to contracts and is used only when our performance does not produce significant amounts of work in process prior to complete satisfaction of the performance obligation. For a portion of contract items, units to be completed consist of multiple tasks. For these items, the transaction price is allocated to each task based on relative standalone measurements, such as similar selling prices for similar tasks, or in the alternative, the cost to perform tasks. Contract revenue is recognized as the tasks are completed as a measurement of progress in the satisfaction of the corresponding performance obligation, and represented approximately 5.0% of contract revenues during the six months ended July 28, 2018.
For certain contracts, representing approximately 2.5% of contract revenues, we use the cost-to-cost measure of progress. These contracts are generally lump sum that are completed over a three to four month period. Under the cost-to-cost measure of progress, the extent of progress toward completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs. Contract costs include direct labor, direct materials, and subcontractor costs, as well as an allocation of indirect costs. Contract revenues are recorded as costs are incurred. For contracts using the cost-to-cost measure of progress, we accrue the entire amount of a contract loss, if any, at the time the loss is determined to be probable and can be reasonably estimated.
Costs of Earned Revenues. Costs of earned revenues includes all direct costs of providing services under our contracts, including costs for direct labor provided by employees, services by independent subcontractors, operation of capital equipment (excluding depreciation), direct materials, costs of insuring our risks, and other direct costs. Under our insurance program, we retain the risk of loss, up to certain limits, for matters related to automobile liability, general liability (including damages associated with underground facility locating services), workers’ compensation, and employee group health.
General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses primarily consist of employee compensation and related expenses, including annual incentive compensation and stock-based compensation, legal, consulting and professional fees, information technology and development costs, acquisition and integration costs of businesses acquired, provision for or recoveries of bad debt expense, and other costs not directly related to the provision of our services under customer contracts. We incur information technology and development costs primarily to support and enhance our operating efficiency. Our executive management team and the senior management of our subsidiaries perform substantially all of our sales and marketing functions as part of their management responsibilities.
Depreciation and Amortization. Our property and equipment primarily consist of vehicles, equipment and machinery, and computer hardware and software. We depreciate property and equipment on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. In addition, we have intangible assets, including customer relationships, trade names, and non-compete intangibles, which are amortized over the estimated useful lives. Amortization of customer relationship intangibles is recognized on an accelerated basis as a function of the expected economic benefit. Amortization of our other finite-lived intangibles is recognized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life.
Interest Expense, Net. Interest expense, net, consists of interest incurred on outstanding variable rate and fixed rate debt and certain other obligations. Interest expense also includes non-cash amortization of our convertible senior notes debt discount and amortization of debt issuance costs. See Note 13, Debt, in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for information on the non-cash amortization of the debt discount and debt issuance costs.
Other Income, Net. Other income, net, primarily consists of gains or losses from sales of fixed assets. Other income, net also includes discount fee expense associated with the non-recourse sale of accounts receivable under a customer-sponsored vendor payment program.
Seasonality and Quarterly Fluctuations. Our contract revenues and results of operations exhibit seasonality as we perform a significant portion of our work outdoors. Consequently, extended periods of adverse weather, which are more likely to occur during the winter, and reduced daylight hours, impact our operations during the fiscal quarters ending in January and April. In addition, a disproportionate percentage of paid holidays fall within the fiscal quarter ending in January, decreasing the number of available workdays. Because of these factors, we are more likely to experience reduced contract revenues and profitability during the fiscal quarters ending in January and April compared to the fiscal quarters ending in July and October.
We may also experience variations in our profitability driven by a number of factors. Such factors include fluctuations in insurance expense due to changes in claims experience and actuarial assumptions, variances in incentive pay and stock-based compensation expense as a result of operating performance and vesting provisions, changes in the employer portion of payroll
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taxes as a result of reaching statutory limits, and variances in bad debt expense. Other factors that may contribute to quarterly variations in results of operations include gain on sale of fixed assets from the timing and levels of capital assets sold during the period, changes in levels of depreciation expense, and variations in our effective tax rate.
Accordingly, operating results for any fiscal period are not necessarily indicative of results we may achieve for any subsequent fiscal period.
Results of Operations
The results of operations of businesses acquired are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements from their dates of acquisition. The following table sets forth our condensed consolidated statements of operations for the periods indicated and the amounts as a percentage of contract revenues (totals may not add due to rounding) (dollars in millions):

| For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Six Months Ended
| July 28, 2018 |  | July 29, 2017 |  | July 28, 2018 |  | July 29, 2017
Contract revenues | $ | 799.5 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 780.2 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 1,530.8 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 1,566.5 |  |  | 100.0 | %
Expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Costs of earned revenues, excluding depreciation and amortization | 642.4 |  |  | 80.4 |  |  | 606.9 |  |  | 77.8 |  |  | 1,241.9 |  |  | 81.1 |  |  | 1,228.4 |  |  | 78.4 |
General and administrative | 64.6 |  |  | 8.1 |  |  | 59.5 |  |  | 7.6 |  |  | 126.8 |  |  | 8.3 |  |  | 120.8 |  |  | 7.7 |
Depreciation and amortization | 44.8 |  |  | 5.6 |  |  | 40.2 |  |  | 5.2 |  |  | 88.2 |  |  | 5.8 |  |  | 77.7 |  |  | 5.0 |
Total | 751.7 |  |  | 94.0 |  |  | 706.7 |  |  | 90.6 |  |  | 1,456.9 |  |  | 95.2 |  |  | 1,426.9 |  |  | 91.1 |
Interest expense, net | (10.4 | ) |  | (1.3 | ) |  | (9.7 | ) |  | (1.2 | ) |  | (20.6 | ) |  | (1.3 | ) |  | (19.1 | ) |  | (1.2 | )
Other income, net | 4.2 |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | 6.0 |  |  | 0.8 |  |  | 11.9 |  |  | 0.8 |  |  | 10.8 |  |  | 0.7 |
Income before income taxes | 41.4 |  |  | 5.2 |  |  | 69.8 |  |  | 9.0 |  |  | 65.2 |  |  | 4.3 |  |  | 131.4 |  |  | 8.4 |
Provision for income taxes | 11.5 |  |  | 1.4 |  |  | 26.1 |  |  | 3.3 |  |  | 18.0 |  |  | 1.2 |  |  | 48.9 |  |  | 3.1 |
Net income | $ | 29.9 |  |  | 3.7 | % |  | $ | 43.7 |  |  | 5.6 | % |  | $ | 47.1 |  |  | 3.1 | % |  | $ | 82.5 |  |  | 5.3 | %

Contract Revenues. Contract revenues were $799.5 million during the three months ended July 28, 2018 compared to $780.2 million during the three months ended July 29, 2017. During the three months ended July 28, 2018, contract revenues of $9.1 million were generated by a business acquired during the first quarter of fiscal 2019. Additionally, we earned $3.8 million of contract revenues from storm restoration services during the three months ended July 28, 2018.
Excluding amounts generated by a business acquired during the first quarter of fiscal 2019 and amounts from storm restoration services, contract revenues increased by $6.4 million during the three months ended July 28, 2018 compared to the three months ended July 29, 2017. Contract revenues increased by approximately $69.0 million for a large telecommunications customer primarily related to services for recent awards and by approximately $10.2 million for a leading cable multiple system operator from installation, maintenance, and construction services, including services to provision fiber to small and medium businesses, as well as network improvements. Partially offsetting these increases, contract revenues decreased by approximately $57.7 million for a large telecommunications customer as a result of decreases in services performed under existing contracts and by approximately $10.1 million for services performed for a telecommunications customer in connection with rural services. In addition, contract revenues decreased by approximately $9.9 million for services performed on a customer’s fiber network and by approximately $2.1 million for a large telecommunications customer as a result of spending moderation compared to the three months ended July 29, 2017. All other customers had net increases in contract revenues of $7.0 million on a combined basis during the three months ended July 28, 2018 compared to the three months ended July 29, 2017.
The percentage of our contract revenues by customer type from telecommunications, underground facility locating, and electric and gas utilities and other customers, was 90.9%, 6.1%, and 3.0%, respectively, for the three months ended July 28, 2018 compared to 91.3%, 6.1%, and 2.6%, respectively, for the three months ended July 29, 2017.
Contract revenues were $1.531 billion during the six months ended July 28, 2018 compared to $1.567 billion during the six months ended July 29, 2017. Contract revenues from acquired businesses that were not owned for the entire period in both the current and comparable prior period were $35.9 million and $15.3 million for the six months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively. Additionally, we earned $18.6 million of contract revenues from storm restoration services during the six months ended July 28, 2018.
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Excluding amounts generated by acquired businesses that were not owned for the entire period in both the current and comparable prior periods and amounts from storm restoration services, contract revenues decreased by $74.8 million during the six months ended July 28, 2018 compared to the six months ended July 29, 2017. Contract revenues decreased by approximately $114.0 million from a large telecommunications customer as a result of decreases in services performed under existing contracts and by approximately $54.3 million for another large telecommunications customer as a result of spending moderation compared to the six months ended July 29, 2017. In addition, contract revenues decreased by approximately $30.1 million for services performed on a customer’s fiber network and by approximately $23.6 million for services performed for a telecommunications customer in connection with rural services. Partially offsetting these decreases, contract revenues increased by approximately $124.4 million for a large telecommunications customer primarily related to services for recent awards and by approximately $8.9 million for a leading cable multiple system operator from installation, maintenance, and construction services, including services to provision fiber to small and medium businesses, as well as network improvements. All other customers had net increases in contract revenues of $13.9 million on a combined basis during the six months ended July 28, 2018 compared to the six months ended July 29, 2017.
The percentage of our contract revenues by customer type from telecommunications, underground facility locating, and electric and gas utilities and other customers, was 91.1%, 6.1%, and 2.8%, respectively, for the six months ended July 28, 2018 compared to 91.8%, 5.7%, and 2.5%, respectively, for the six months ended July 29, 2017.
Costs of Earned Revenues. Costs of earned revenues increased to $642.4 million, or 80.4% of contract revenues, during the three months ended July 28, 2018 compared to $606.9 million, or 77.8% of contract revenues, during the three months ended July 29, 2017. The primary components of the increase were a $30.4 million aggregate increase in direct labor and subcontractor costs, a $4.0 million increase in equipment maintenance and fuel costs combined, and a $6.6 million increase in other direct costs, including permitting costs. Partially offsetting these increases, direct material costs decreased by $5.5 million.
Costs of earned revenues as a percentage of contract revenues increased 2.6% during the three months ended July 28, 2018 compared to the three months ended July 29, 2017. As a percentage of contract revenues, labor and subcontracted labor costs increased 2.4% during the three months ended July 28, 2018 primarily resulting from under absorption of costs incurred on large customer programs. Equipment maintenance and fuel costs combined increased 0.4% as a percentage of contract revenues and other direct costs increased 0.7% as a percentage of contract revenues reflecting lower operating leverage. Partially offsetting these increases was a decline in the required usage of direct materials which decreased 0.9% as a percentage of contract revenues primarily as a result of mix of work.
Costs of earned revenues increased to $1.242 billion, or 81.1% of contract revenues, during the six months ended July 28, 2018 compared to $1.228 billion, or 78.4% of contract revenues, during the six months ended July 29, 2017. The primary components of the increase were a $24.9 million aggregate increase in direct labor and subcontractor costs, a $4.9 million increase in equipment maintenance and fuel costs combined, and a $11.4 million increase in other direct costs, including permitting costs. Partially offsetting these increases, direct material costs decreased by $27.6 million.
Costs of earned revenues as a percentage of contract revenues increased 2.7% during the six months ended July 28, 2018 compared to the six months ended July 29, 2017. As a percentage of contract revenues, labor and subcontracted labor costs increased 3.0% during the six months ended July 28, 2018 primarily resulting from under absorption of costs incurred on large customer programs and the productivity impacts of prolonged winter weather conditions that lasted throughout the first quarter of fiscal 2019. In addition, equipment maintenance and fuel costs combined increased 0.4% as a percentage of contract revenues and other direct costs increased 0.9% as a percentage of contract revenues reflecting lower operating leverage. Partially offsetting these increases was a decline in the required usage of direct materials which decreased 1.6% as a percentage of contract revenues primarily as a result of mix of work.
General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses increased to $64.6 million, or 8.1% of contract revenues, during the three months ended July 28, 2018 compared to $59.5 million, or 7.6% of contract revenues, during the three months ended July 29, 2017. The increase in total general and administrative expenses during the three months ended July 28, 2018 primarily resulted from increased payroll costs, partially offset by lower performance-based compensation costs. The increase in total general and administrative expenses as a percentage of contract revenues reflects lower absorption of certain office and support costs during the three months ended July 28, 2018.
General and administrative expenses increased to $126.8 million, or 8.3% of contract revenues, during the six months ended July 28, 2018 compared to $120.8 million, or 7.7% of contract revenues, during the six months ended July 29, 2017. The increase in total general and administrative expenses during the six months ended July 28, 2018 primarily resulted from
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increased payroll costs and the costs of businesses acquired in fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2017, partially offset by lower performance-based compensation costs. The increase in total general and administrative expenses as a percentage of contract revenues reflects lower absorption of certain office and support costs during the six months ended July 28, 2018.
Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation expense was $39.0 million, or 4.9% of contract revenues, during the three months ended July 28, 2018 compared to $34.0 million, or 4.4% of contract revenues, during the three months ended July 29, 2017. Depreciation expense was $76.7 million, or 5.0% of contract revenues, during the six months ended July 28, 2018 compared to $65.1 million, or 4.2% of contract revenues, during the six months ended July 29, 2017. The increase in depreciation expense during the three and six months ended July 28, 2018 is primarily due to the addition of fixed assets during the last twelve months that support our expanded in-house workforce and the normal replacement cycle of fleet assets.
Amortization expense was $5.8 million and $6.3 million during the three months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively, and $11.5 million and $12.5 million during the six months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively.
Interest Expense, Net. Interest expense, net was $10.4 million and $9.7 million during the three months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively. Interest expense includes $4.8 million and $4.5 million for the non-cash amortization of debt discount associated with our convertible senior notes during the three months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively. Excluding this amortization, interest expense, net increased to $5.7 million during the three months ended July 28, 2018 from $5.2 million during the three months ended July 29, 2017 primarily as a result of higher market interest rates during the current period.
Interest expense, net was $20.6 million and $19.1 million during the six months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively. Interest expense includes $9.4 million and $8.9 million for the non-cash amortization of debt discount associated with our convertible senior notes during the six months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively. Excluding this amortization, interest expense, net increased to $11.2 million during the six months ended July 28, 2018 from $10.2 million during the six months ended July 29, 2017 primarily as a result of higher market interest rates during the current period.
Other Income, Net. Other income, net was $4.2 million and $6.0 million during the three months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively, and $11.9 million and $10.8 million during the six months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively. The change in other income, net is primarily a function of the number of assets sold and prices obtained for those assets during each respective period. Gain on sale of fixed assets was $4.9 million and $6.6 million during the three months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively, and $13.3 million and $11.7 million during the six months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively. Other income, net also reflects $1.0 million and $0.8 million of discount fee expense during the three months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively, and $2.0 million and $1.7 million during the six months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively, associated with the non-recourse sale of accounts receivable under a customer-sponsored vendor payment program.
Income Taxes. The following table presents our income tax provision and effective income tax rate for the three and six months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017 (dollars in millions):

| For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Six Months Ended
| July 28, 2018 |  | July 29, 2017 |  | July 28, 2018 |  | July 29, 2017
Income tax provision | $ | 11.5 |  |  | $ | 26.1 |  |  | $ | 18.0 |  |  | $ | 48.9 |
Effective income tax rate | 27.9 | % |  | 37.4 | % |  | 27.7 | % |  | 37.2 | %

Fluctuations in our effective income tax rate were primarily attributable to the difference in the applicable U.S. federal corporate tax rate for each respective period as a result of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017.
Net Income. Net income was $29.9 million for the three months ended July 28, 2018 compared to $43.7 million for the three months ended July 29, 2017. Net income was $47.1 million for the six months ended July 28, 2018 compared to $82.5 million for the six months ended July 29, 2017.
Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA. Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA was $97.8 million, or 12.2% of contract revenues, for the three months ended July 28, 2018 compared to $118.0 million, or 15.1% of contract revenues, for the three months ended July 29, 2017. Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA was $171.5 million, or 11.2% of contract revenues, for the six months ended July 28, 2018 compared to $226.2 million, or 14.4% of contract revenues, for the six months ended July 29, 2017.
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Adjusted EBITDA is a Non-GAAP measure, as defined by Regulation G of the SEC. We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, gain on sale of fixed assets, stock-based compensation expense, and certain non-recurring items. Management believes Adjusted EBITDA is a helpful measure for comparing the Company’s operating performance with prior periods as well as with the performance of other companies with different capital structures or tax rates. The following table provides a reconciliation of net income to Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA (dollars in thousands):

| For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Six Months Ended
| July 28, 2018 |  | July 29, 2017 |  | July 28, 2018 |  | July 29, 2017
Net income | $ | 29,900 |  |  | $ | 43,708 |  |  | $ | 47,131 |  |  | $ | 82,504 |
Interest expense, net | 10,446 |  |  | 9,735 |  |  | 20,612 |  |  | 19,117 |
Provision for income taxes | 11,544 |  |  | 26,127 |  |  | 18,022 |  |  | 48,877 |
Depreciation and amortization expense | 44,805 |  |  | 40,244 |  |  | 88,160 |  |  | 77,655 |
Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation & Amortization (“EBITDA”) | 96,695 |  |  | 119,814 |  |  | 173,925 |  |  | 228,153 |
Gain on sale of fixed assets | (4,909 | ) |  | (6,645 | ) |  | (13,324 | ) |  | (11,694 | )
Stock-based compensation expense | 6,048 |  |  | 4,874 |  |  | 10,911 |  |  | 9,789 |
Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 97,834 |  |  | $ | 118,043 |  |  | $ | 171,512 |  |  | $ | 226,248 |

Liquidity and Capital Resources
We are subject to concentrations of credit risk relating primarily to our cash and equivalents, accounts receivable, and contract assets. Cash and equivalents primarily include balances on deposit with banks and totaled $23.9 million as of July 28, 2018 compared to $84.0 million as of January 27, 2018. We maintain our cash and equivalents at financial institutions we believe to be of high credit quality. To date, we have not experienced any loss or lack of access to cash in our operating accounts.
In connection with the issuance of the 0.75% convertible senior notes due September 2021, we entered into privately-negotiated convertible note hedge transactions with certain counterparties. We are subject to counterparty risk with respect to these convertible note hedge transactions. The hedge counterparties are financial institutions, and we are subject to the risk that they might default under the convertible note hedge transactions. To mitigate that risk, we contracted with institutional counterparties who met specific requirements under our risk assessment process. Additionally, the transactions are subject to a netting arrangement, which also reduces credit risk.
Sources of Cash. Our sources of cash are operating activities, long-term debt, equity offerings, bank borrowings, proceeds from the sale of idle and surplus equipment and real property, and stock option proceeds. Cash flow from operations is primarily influenced by demand for our services and operating margins, but can also be influenced by working capital needs associated with the services that we provide. In particular, working capital needs may increase when we have growth in operations and where project costs, primarily associated with labor, subcontractors, equipment, and materials, are required to be paid before the related customer balances owed to us are invoiced and collected. Our working capital (total current assets less total current liabilities, excluding the current portion of debt) was $726.2 million as of July 28, 2018 compared to $671.6 million as of January 27, 2018.
Capital resources are used primarily to purchase equipment and maintain sufficient levels of working capital to support our contractual commitments to customers. We periodically borrow from and repay our revolving credit facility depending on our cash requirements. We currently intend to retain any earnings for use in the business and other capital allocation strategies which may include investment in acquisitions and share repurchases. Consequently, we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future.
Sufficiency of Capital Resources. We believe that our capital resources, including existing cash balances and amounts available under our credit agreement, are sufficient to meet our financial obligations. These obligations include interest payments required on our convertible senior notes and outstanding term loan facilities and revolver borrowings under our credit agreement, working capital requirements, and the normal replacement of equipment at our expected level of operations for at least the next twelve months. Our capital requirements may increase to the extent we seek to grow by acquisitions that involve consideration other than our stock, or to the extent we repurchase our common stock, repay credit agreement borrowings, or repurchase or convert our convertible senior notes. Changes in financial markets or other components of the economy could adversely impact our ability to access the capital markets, in which case we would expect to rely on a combination of available
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cash and our credit agreement to provide short-term funding. Management regularly monitors the financial markets and assesses general economic conditions for possible impact on our financial position. We believe our cash investment policies are prudent and expect that any volatility in the capital markets would not have a material impact on our cash investments.
Net Cash Flows. The following table presents our net cash flows for the six months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017 (dollars in millions):

| For the Six Months Ended
| July 28, 2018 |  | July 29, 2017
Net cash flows: |  |  |
Provided by operating activities | $ | 37.2 |  |  | $ | 192.3 |
Used in investing activities | $ | (84.9 | ) |  | $ | (138.1 | )
Used in financing activities | $ | (11.7 | ) |  | $ | (45.1 | )

Cash Provided by Operating Activities. Non-cash items in the cash flows from operating activities during the current and prior periods were primarily depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation, amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs, deferred income taxes, gain on sale of fixed assets, and bad debt expense.
During the six months ended July 28, 2018, net cash provided by operating activities was $37.2 million. Changes in working capital (excluding cash) and changes in other long-term assets and liabilities used $113.9 million of operating cash flow during the six months ended July 28, 2018. Working capital changes that used operating cash flow during the six months ended July 28, 2018 included increases in accounts receivable and contract assets, net of $48.8 million and $110.5 million, respectively. Net increases in other current and non-current assets combined used $12.1 million of operating cash flow during the six months ended July 28, 2018 primarily for inventory and other costs that coincide with the beginning of our fiscal year. Working capital changes that provided operating cash flow during the six months ended July 28, 2018 included increases in accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $24.3 million and $26.3 million, respectively, primarily resulting from the timing of payments. In addition, a net decrease in income tax receivable provided $7.0 million of operating cash flow during the six months ended July 28, 2018 primarily as a result of the timing of estimated tax payments.
On January 28, 2018, the first day of fiscal 2019, we adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09”). The adoption of ASU 2014-09 resulted in balance sheet classification changes for amounts that have not been invoiced to customers but for which we have satisfied the performance obligation and have an unconditional right to receive payment. Prior to the adoption of ASU 2014-09, amounts not yet invoiced to customers were included in our contract assets, historically referred to as Costs and Estimated Earnings in Excess of Billings, regardless of rights to payment. These amounts represent unbilled accounts receivable for which we have an unconditional right to receive payment although invoicing is subject to the completion of certain process or other requirements. Such requirements may include the passage of time, completion of other items within a statement of work, or other billing requirements within contract terms. Upon adoption, unbilled receivable amounts are included in accounts receivable, net. We adopted ASU 2014-09 using the modified retrospective method. Under the modified retrospective method, balances as of July 28, 2018 reflect the adoption of ASU 2014-09, while prior period balances are not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our historical accounting policies.
To reflect the adoption of ASU 2014-09 and maintain comparability between periods, days sales outstanding (“DSO”) is calculated based on the ending balance of total accounts receivable (including unbilled accounts receivable) and contract assets, net of contract liabilities, divided by the average daily revenue for the most recently completed quarter. Our DSO was 96 days and 87 days as of July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively.
See Note 6, Accounts Receivable, Contract Assets, and Contract Liabilities, for further information on our accounts receivable and contract asset balances as of July 28, 2018 and January 27, 2018. We believe that none of our significant customers were experiencing financial difficulties that would materially impact the collectability of our total accounts receivable and contract assets, net as of July 28, 2018 or January 27, 2018.
During the six months ended July 29, 2017, net cash provided by operating activities was $192.3 million. Changes in working capital (excluding cash) and changes in other long-term assets and liabilities provided $15.4 million of operating cash flow during the six months ended July 29, 2017. Working capital changes that provided operating cash flow during the six months ended July 29, 2017 were increases in accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $15.7 million and $23.4 million, respectively, primarily resulting from the timing of payments. In addition, a net decrease in income tax receivable provided $20.2 million of operating cash flow during the six months ended July 29, 2017 primarily as a result of the timing of estimated
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tax payments. Net decreases in other current and non-current assets combined provided $5.7 million of operating cash flow and a decrease in contract assets, net (formerly Costs and Estimated Earnings in Excess of Billings) provided $2.6 million of operating cash flow during the six months ended July 29, 2017. Partially offsetting these sources of cash, an increase in accounts receivable used $52.2 million of operating cash flow during the six months ended July 29, 2017.
Cash Used in Investing Activities. Net cash used in investing activities was $84.9 million during the six months ended July 28, 2018 compared to $138.1 million during the six months ended July 29, 2017. During the six months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, capital expenditures were $80.5 million and $124.3 million, respectively, primarily as a result of spending for new work opportunities and the replacement of certain fleet assets. These expenditures were offset in part by proceeds from the sale of assets of $15.0 million and $11.7 million during the six months ended July 28, 2018 and July 29, 2017, respectively. During the six months ended July 28, 2018, we paid $20.9 million in connection with the acquisition of certain assets and assumption of certain liabilities of a telecommunications construction and maintenance services provider, net of cash acquired. Additionally, we received $1.6 million of escrowed funds during the six months ended July 28, 2018 in connection with the resolution of certain indemnification claims related to the Goodman acquisition. During the six months ended July 29, 2017, we paid $26.1 million for the acquisition of Texstar, net of cash acquired. Other investing activities provided $0.6 million of cash flow during the six months ended July 29, 2017.
Cash Used in Financing Activities. Net cash used in financing activities was $11.7 million during the six months ended July 28, 2018. During the six months ended July 28, 2018, repayments under our credit agreement, net of borrowings, were $12.0 million. Additionally, we withheld shares and paid $0.1 million to tax authorities in order to meet the payroll tax withholding obligations on restricted share units that vested during the six months ended July 28, 2018. Partially offsetting these uses, we received $0.4 million from the exercise of stock options during the six months ended July 28, 2018.
Net cash used in financing activities was $45.1 million during the six months ended July 29, 2017. During the six months ended July 29, 2017, repayments under our credit agreement, net of borrowings, were $9.2 million. We repurchased 400,000 shares of our common stock in open market transactions, at an average price of $94.77 per share, for $37.9 million. Additionally, we withheld shares and paid $0.5 million to tax authorities in order to meet the payroll tax withholding obligations on restricted share units that vested during the six months ended July 29, 2017. Partially offsetting these uses, we received $1.0 million from the exercise of stock options and $1.6 million for excess tax benefits, primarily from the exercises of stock options and vesting of restricted share units, during the six months ended July 29, 2017.
Compliance with Credit Agreement. We are party to a credit agreement with various lenders, dated as of December 3, 2012 (as amended as of June 17, 2016, May 20, 2016, September 9, 2015, and April 24, 2015), that matures on April 24, 2020. The credit agreement provides for a $450.0 million revolving facility, $385.0 million in aggregate term loan facilities, and contains a sublimit of $200.0 million for the issuance of letters of credit.
Subject to certain conditions the credit agreement provides us with the ability to enter into one or more incremental facilities, either by increasing the revolving commitments under the credit agreement and/or in the form of term loans, up to the greater of (i) $150.0 million and (ii) an amount such that, after giving effect to such incremental facilities on a pro forma basis (assuming that the amount of the incremental commitments are fully drawn and funded), the consolidated senior secured leverage ratio does not exceed 2.25 to 1.00. The consolidated senior secured leverage ratio is the ratio of our consolidated senior secured indebtedness to our trailing twelve-month consolidated EBITDA, as defined by the credit agreement. Borrowings under the credit agreement are guaranteed by substantially all of our subsidiaries and secured by the equity interests of the substantial majority of our subsidiaries.
Borrowings under our credit agreement bear interest at rates described below based upon our consolidated leverage ratio, which is the ratio of our consolidated total funded debt to our trailing twelve month consolidated EBITDA, as defined by the credit agreement. In addition, we incur certain fees for unused balances and letters of credit at rates described below, also based upon our consolidated leverage ratio.

Borrowings - Eurodollar Rate Loans | 1.25% - 2.00% plus LIBOR
Borrowings - Base Rate Loans | 0.25% - 1.00% plus administrative agent’s base rate(1)
Unused Revolver Commitment | 0.25% - 0.40%
Standby Letters of Credit | 1.25% - 2.00%
Commercial Letters of Credit | 0.625% - 1.00%

(1) The agent’s base rate is described in the credit agreement as the highest of (i) the administrative agent’s prime rate, (ii) the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.50%, and (iii) the Eurodollar rate plus 1.00%, plus an applicable margin.
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The weighted average interest rates and fees for balances under the credit agreement as of July 28, 2018 and January 27, 2018 were as follows:

| Weighted Average Rate End of Period
| July 28, 2018 |  | January 27, 2018
Borrowings - Term loan facilities | 3.84% |  | 3.30%
Borrowings - Revolving facility(1) | —% |  | —%
Standby Letters of Credit | 1.75% |  | 1.75%
Unused Revolver Commitment | 0.35% |  | 0.35%

(1) There were no outstanding borrowings under the revolving facility as of July 28, 2018 or January 27, 2018.
The credit agreement contains a financial covenant that requires us to maintain a consolidated leverage ratio of not greater than 3.50 to 1.00, as measured at the end of each fiscal quarter. The Credit Agreement provides for certain increases to this ratio in connection with permitted acquisitions. In addition, the agreement contains a financial covenant that requires us to maintain a consolidated interest coverage ratio, which is the ratio of our trailing twelve-month consolidated EBITDA to our consolidated interest expense, each as defined by the credit agreement, of not less than 3.00 to 1.00, as measured at the end of each fiscal quarter. At both July 28, 2018 and January 27, 2018, we were in compliance with the financial covenants of our credit agreement and had borrowing availability in the revolving facility of $401.4 million as determined by the most restrictive covenant.
Contractual Obligations. The following table sets forth our outstanding contractual obligations as of July 28, 2018 (dollars in thousands):

| Less than 1 Year |  | Years 1 – 3 |  | Years 3 – 5 |  | Greater than 5 Years |  | Total
0.75% convertible senior notes due September 2021 | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 485,000 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 485,000 |
Credit agreement – revolving facility | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Credit agreement – term loan facilities | 31,281 |  |  | 314,750 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 346,031 |
Fixed interest payments on long-term debt(1) | 3,637 |  |  | 7,275 |  |  | 1,819 |  |  | — |  |  | 12,731 |
Operating lease obligations | 25,986 |  |  | 28,524 |  |  | 8,820 |  |  | 2,920 |  |  | 66,250 |
Employment agreements | 10,357 |  |  | 5,144 |  |  | 152 |  |  | — |  |  | 15,653 |
Purchase and other contractual obligations(2) | 63,666 |  |  | 6,768 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 70,434 |
Total | $ | 134,927 |  |  | $ | 362,461 |  |  | $ | 495,791 |  |  | $ | 2,920 |  |  | $ | 996,099 |

(1) Includes interest payments on our $485.0 million principal amount of 0.75% convertible senior notes due 2021 outstanding and excludes interest payments on our variable rate debt. Variable rate debt as of July 28, 2018 consisted of $346.0 million outstanding under our term loan facilities.
(2) We have committed capital for the expansion of our vehicle fleet in order to accommodate manufacturer lead times. As of July 28, 2018, purchase and other contractual obligations includes approximately $32.5 million for issued orders with delivery dates scheduled to occur over the next twelve months. Additionally, during the three months ended July 28, 2018 we entered into a long-term agreement with a customer. Pursuant to that agreement, purchase and other contractual obligations includes a $30.0 million payment to be made to the customer.
We have excluded contractual obligations under the multi-employer defined pension plans that cover certain of our employees, as these obligations are determined based on our future union employee payrolls, which cannot be reliably determined as of July 28, 2018.
Our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of July 28, 2018 includes a long-term liability of approximately $61.1 million for accrued insurance claims. This liability has been excluded from the table above as the timing of payments is uncertain.
The liability for unrecognized tax benefits for uncertain tax positions was approximately $3.3 million as of both July 28, 2018 and January 27, 2018 and is included in other liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. This
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amount has been excluded from the contractual obligations table because we are unable to reasonably estimate the timing of the resolution of the underlying tax positions with the relevant tax authorities.
Performance Bonds and Guarantees. We have obligations under performance and other surety contract bonds related to certain of our customer contracts. Performance bonds generally provide a customer with the right to obtain payment and/or performance from the issuer of the bond if we fail to perform our contractual obligations. As of July 28, 2018 and January 27, 2018 we had $134.5 million and $118.1 million of outstanding performance and other surety contract bonds, respectively. The estimated cost to complete projects secured by our outstanding performance and other surety contract bonds was approximately $54.7 million as of July 28, 2018. Additionally, we have periodically guaranteed certain obligations of our subsidiaries, including obligations in connection with obtaining state contractor licenses and leasing real property and equipment.
Letters of Credit. We have standby letters of credit issued under our credit agreement as part of our insurance program. These letters of credit collateralize obligations to our insurance carriers in connection with the settlement of potential claims. As of both July 28, 2018 and January 27, 2018, we had $48.6 million outstanding standby letters of credit issued under our credit agreement.
Backlog. Our backlog consists of the estimated uncompleted portion of services to be performed under contractual agreements with our customers and totaled $7.881 billion and $5.847 billion at July 28, 2018 and January 27, 2018, respectively. We expect to complete 36.9% of the July 28, 2018 total backlog during the next twelve months. Our backlog represents an estimate of services to be performed pursuant to master service agreements and other contractual agreements over the terms of those contracts. These estimates are based on contract terms and evaluations regarding the timing of the services to be provided. In the case of master service agreements, backlog is estimated based on the work performed in the preceding twelve month period, when available. When estimating backlog for newly initiated master service agreements and other long and short-term contracts, we also consider the anticipated scope of the contract and information received from the customer in the procurement process. A significant majority of our backlog comprises services under master service agreements and other long-term contracts.
In many instances, our customers are not contractually committed to procure specific volumes of services under a contract. Contract revenue estimates reflected in our backlog can be subject to change due to a number of factors, including contract cancellations or changes in the amount of work we expect to be performed at the time of estimating the backlog amount. In addition, contract revenues reflected in our backlog may be realized in different periods from those previously reported due to these factors as well as project accelerations or delays due to various reasons, including, but not limited to, changes in customer spending priorities, commercial issues such as permitting, engineering revisions, difficult job site conditions, and adverse weather. The amount or timing of our backlog can also be impacted by the merger or acquisition activity of our customers. While we did not experience any material cancellations during the six months ended July 28, 2018 or July 29, 2017, many of our customers may cancel our contracts upon notice regardless of whether or not we are in default. The amount of backlog related to uncompleted projects in which a provision for estimated losses was recorded is not material.
Backlog is not a measure defined by United States generally accepted accounting principles; however, it is a common measurement used in our industry. Our methodology for determining backlog may not be comparable to the methodologies used by others.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Interest Rate and Market Price Risk. We are exposed to market risks related to interest rates on our cash and equivalents and interest rates and market price sensitivity on our debt obligations. We monitor the effects of market changes on interest rates and manage interest rate risks by investing in short-term cash equivalents with market rates of interest and by maintaining a mix of fixed and variable rate debt obligations.
Our credit agreement permits borrowings at a variable rate of interest. On July 28, 2018, we had variable rate debt outstanding under our credit agreement of $346.0 million under our term loan facilities. Interest related to these borrowings fluctuates based on LIBOR or the base rate of the bank administrative agent of the credit agreement. At the current level of borrowings, for every 50 basis point change in the interest rate, interest expense associated with such borrowings would correspondingly change by approximately $1.7 million annually.
In September 2015, we issued $485.0 million principal amount of convertible senior notes (the “Notes”), which bear a fixed rate of interest of 0.75%. Due to the fixed rate of interest on the Notes, changes in market rates of interest would not have an impact on the related interest expense. However, there exists market risk sensitivity on the fair value of the fixed rate Notes
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with respect to changes in market interest rates. Generally, the fair value of the fixed rate Notes will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as interest rates rise. In addition, the fair value of the Notes is affected by the price and volatility of our common stock and will generally increase or decrease as the market price of our common stock changes.
The following table summarizes the carrying amount and fair value of the Notes, net of the debt discount and debt issuance costs. The fair value of the Notes is based on the closing trading price per $100 of the Notes as of the last day of trading for the respective periods (Level 2), which was $112.52 and $136.01 as of July 28, 2018 and January 27, 2018, respectively (dollars in thousands):

| July 28, 2018 |  | January 27, 2018
Principal amount of Notes | $ | 485,000 |  |  | $ | 485,000 |
Less: Debt discount and debt issuance costs | (72,432 | ) |  | (82,751 | )
Net carrying amount of Notes | $ | 412,568 |  |  | $ | 402,249 |
Fair value of principal amount of Notes | $ | 545,722 |  |  | $ | 659,649 |
Less: Debt discount and debt issuance costs | (72,432 | ) |  | (82,751 | )
Fair value of Notes | $ | 473,290 |  |  | $ | 576,898 |

A hypothetical 50 basis point change in the market interest rates in effect would result in an increase or decrease in the fair value of the Notes of approximately $8.4 million, calculated on a discounted cash flow basis as of July 28, 2018.
In connection with the issuance of the Notes, we entered into convertible note hedge transactions with counterparties for the purpose of reducing the potential dilution to common stockholders from the conversion of the Notes and offsetting any potential cash payments in excess of the principal amount of the Notes. In the event that shares or cash are deliverable to holders of the Notes upon conversion at limits defined in the indenture governing the Notes, counterparties to the convertible note hedge will be required to deliver to us up to 5.006 million shares of our common stock or pay cash to us in a similar amount as the value that we deliver to the holders of the Notes based on a conversion price of $96.89 per share. The convertible note hedge is intended to offset potential dilution from the Notes.
We also entered into separately negotiated warrant transactions with the same counterparties as the convertible note hedge transactions whereby we sold warrants to purchase, subject to certain anti-dilution adjustments, up to 5.006 million shares of our common stock at a price of $130.43 per share. We expect to settle the warrant transactions on a net share basis. See Note 13, Debt, in Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion of these debt transactions.
We also have market risk for foreign currency exchange rates related to our operations in Canada. As of July 28, 2018, the market risk for foreign currency exchange rates was not significant as our operations in Canada were not material.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company carried out an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)) as of July 28, 2018, the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of
July 28, 2018, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is (1) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and (2) accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, in a manner that allows timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
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Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the Company’s most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
From time to time, the Company is party to various claims and legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. While the resolution of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, it is the opinion of management, based on information available at this time, that the outcome of any such claims or proceedings will not have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
Our business is subject to a variety of risks and uncertainties. These risks are described elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including Part I, Item 1A of our Transition Report on Form 10-K for the six months ended January 27, 2018. The risks identified in such reports have not changed in any material respect.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
(a) During the three months ended July 28, 2018, the Company did not sell any equity securities that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933.
(b) Not applicable.
(c) The following table summarizes the Company’s purchase of its common stock during the three months ended
July 28, 2018:

Period |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased (1) |  | Average Price Paid Per Share |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs |  | Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
April 29, 2018 - May 26, 2018 |  | 71(2) |  |  | $ | 93.39 |  |  | — |  | (3)
May 27, 2018 - June 23, 2018 |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  | (3)
June 24, 2018 - July 28, 2018 |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  | (3)

(1) All shares repurchased have been subsequently canceled.
(2) Represents shares withheld to meet payroll tax withholdings obligations arising from the vesting of restricted share units. Shares withheld do not reduce the Company’s total share repurchase authority.
(3) As of July 28, 2018, $95.2 million remained available for repurchases through August 2018 under the Company’s share repurchase program. On August 29, 2018, the Company announced that its Board of Directors had authorized a new $150.0 million program to repurchase shares of the Company’s outstanding common stock through February 2020 in open market or private transactions. The repurchase authorization replaces the Company’s previous repurchase authorization, which expired in August 2018. As of August 29, 2018, the full $150.0 million of the new repurchase authorization was available for repurchase.
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Item 6. Exhibits.
Exhibits furnished pursuant to the requirements of Form 10-Q:

Exhibit Number
12.1 + | Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.
31.1 + | Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2 + | Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1 + | Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2 + | Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101 + | The following materials from the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended July 28, 2018 formatted in eXtensible Business Reporting Language: (i) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets; (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations; (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income; (iv) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (v) the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
+ | Filed herewith

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

|  |  | DYCOM INDUSTRIES, INC.
|  |  | Registrant
Date: | August 29, 2018 |  | /s/ Steven E. Nielsen
|  |  | Name: Title: | Steven E. Nielsen President and Chief Executive Officer
Date: | August 29, 2018 |  | /s/ H. Andrew DeFerrari
|  |  | Name: Title: | H. Andrew DeFerrari Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

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