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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended October 29, 2022
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ________ to ________
Commission File Number 001-10613
DYCOM INDUSTRIES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Florida |  |  |  | 59-1277135
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  |  |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
| 11780 US Highway 1, Suite 600 |
| Palm Beach Gardens, | FL | 33408 |
| (Address of principal executive offices, including zip code) |

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (561) 627-7171
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class |  | Trading Symbol(s) |  | Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common stock, par value $0.33 1/3 per share |  | DY |  | New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ☒ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | ☐
Emerging growth company | ☐ |  |  |  |  |  |

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
There were 29,556,659 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.33 1/3 outstanding at November 21, 2022.

Dycom Industries, Inc.
Table of Contents

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. | Financial Statements | 3
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 27
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 40
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 41
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 42
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 42
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 42
Item 6. | Exhibits | 43
SIGNATURES | 44

2

Table of Contents
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements.
3

Table of Contents
DYCOM INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars in thousands, except share amounts)
(Unaudited)

| October 29, 2022 |  | January 29, 2022
ASSETS |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |
Cash and equivalents | $ | 65,285 |  |  | $ | 310,757 |
Accounts receivable, net (Note 5) | 1,244,482 |  |  | 895,898 |
Contract assets | 53,319 |  |  | 24,539 |
Inventories | 107,135 |  |  | 81,291 |
Income tax receivable | — |  |  | 12,729 |
Other current assets | 42,797 |  |  | 30,876 |
Total current assets | 1,513,018 |  |  | 1,356,090 |
Property and equipment, net | 337,175 |  |  | 294,798 |
Operating lease right-of-use assets | 66,083 |  |  | 61,101 |
Goodwill | 272,485 |  |  | 272,485 |
Intangible assets, net | 90,138 |  |  | 101,832 |
Other assets | 26,397 |  |  | 31,918 |
Total assets | $ | 2,305,296 |  |  | $ | 2,118,224 |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 200,980 |  |  | $ | 155,896 |
Current portion of debt | 17,500 |  |  | 17,500 |
Contract liabilities | 14,419 |  |  | 18,512 |
Accrued insurance claims | 41,594 |  |  | 36,805 |
Operating lease liabilities | 26,522 |  |  | 24,641 |
Income taxes payable | 9,585 |  |  | 233 |
Other accrued liabilities | 160,500 |  |  | 128,209 |
Total current liabilities | 471,100 |  |  | 381,796 |
Long-term debt | 811,350 |  |  | 823,251 |
Accrued insurance claims - non-current | 48,719 |  |  | 48,238 |
Operating lease liabilities - non-current | 39,513 |  |  | 36,519 |
Deferred tax liabilities, net - non-current | 59,416 |  |  | 55,674 |
Other liabilities | 16,582 |  |  | 14,202 |
Total liabilities | 1,446,680 |  |  | 1,359,680 |
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 19) |  |  |
Stockholders’ equity: |  |  |
Preferred stock, par value $1.00 per share: 1,000,000 shares authorized: no shares issued and outstanding | — |  |  | — |
Common stock, par value $0.33 1/3 per share: 150,000,000 shares authorized: 29,556,182 and 29,612,867 issued and outstanding, respectively | 9,852 |  |  | 9,871 |
Additional paid-in capital | 12,189 |  |  | 2,028 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (1,773) |  |  | (1,769) |
Retained earnings | 838,348 |  |  | 748,414 |
Total stockholders’ equity | 858,616 |  |  | 758,544 |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 2,305,296 |  |  | $ | 2,118,224 |
See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

Table of Contents
DYCOM INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Dollars in thousands, except share amounts)
(Unaudited)

| For the Three Months Ended
| October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021
Contract revenues | $ | 1,042,423 |  |  | $ | 853,973 |
Costs of earned revenues, excluding depreciation and amortization | 850,897 |  |  | 705,865 |
General and administrative | 78,798 |  |  | 66,899 |
Depreciation and amortization | 35,454 |  |  | 37,766 |
Total | 965,149 |  |  | 810,530 |
Interest expense, net | (10,592) |  |  | (9,132) |
Other income, net | 2,474 |  |  | 564 |
Income before income taxes | 69,156 |  |  | 34,875 |
Provision for income taxes | 15,144 |  |  | 6,158 |
Net income | $ | 54,012 |  |  | $ | 28,717 |
Earnings per common share: |  |  |
Basic earnings per common share | $ | 1.83 |  |  | $ | 0.95 |
Diluted earnings per common share | $ | 1.80 |  |  | $ | 0.94 |
Shares used in computing earnings per common share: |  |  |
Basic | 29,524,516 |  |  | 30,172,254 |
Diluted | 29,978,795 |  |  | 30,614,706 |
See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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DYCOM INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Dollars in thousands, except share amounts)
(Unaudited)

| For the Nine Months Ended
| October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021
Contract revenues | $ | 2,890,996 |  |  | $ | 2,369,038 |
Costs of earned revenues, excluding depreciation and amortization | 2,394,606 |  |  | 1,977,243 |
General and administrative | 221,514 |  |  | 198,640 |
Depreciation and amortization | 107,436 |  |  | 115,307 |
Total | 2,723,556 |  |  | 2,291,190 |
Interest expense, net | (29,057) |  |  | (24,343) |
Loss on debt extinguishment | — |  |  | (62) |
Other income, net | 9,856 |  |  | 4,267 |
Income before income taxes | 148,239 |  |  | 57,710 |
Provision for income taxes | 30,835 |  |  | 9,930 |
Net income | $ | 117,404 |  |  | $ | 47,780 |
Earnings per common share: |  |  |
Basic earnings per common share | $ | 3.97 |  |  | $ | 1.57 |
Diluted earnings per common share | $ | 3.91 |  |  | $ | 1.54 |
Shares used in computing earnings per common share: |  |  |
Basic | 29,561,172 |  |  | 30,426,337 |
Diluted | 30,007,257 |  |  | 30,928,890 |
See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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DYCOM INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)

| For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Nine Months Ended
| October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |  | October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021
Net income | $ | 54,012 |  |  | $ | 28,717 |  |  | $ | 117,404 |  |  | $ | 47,780 |
Foreign currency translation (loss) gain, net of tax | (4) |  |  | 1 |  |  | (4) |  |  | 2 |
Comprehensive income | $ | 54,008 |  |  | $ | 28,718 |  |  | $ | 117,400 |  |  | $ | 47,782 |
See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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DYCOM INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Dollars in thousands, except share amounts)
(Unaudited)

| For the Three Months Ended
| October 29, 2022
| Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Retained Earnings |  | Total Equity
| Shares |  | Amount |  |  |  |
Balances as of July 30, 2022 | 29,457,520 |  |  | $ | 9,819 |  |  | $ | 4,630 |  |  | $ | (1,769) |  |  | $ | 784,336 |  |  | $ | 797,016 |
Stock options exercised | 96,567 |  |  | 32 |  |  | 3,120 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,152 |
Stock-based compensation | 290 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,515 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,515 |
Issuance of restricted stock, net of tax withholdings | 1,805 |  |  | 1 |  |  | (76) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (75) |
Other comprehensive loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4) |  |  | — |  |  | (4) |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 54,012 |  |  | 54,012 |
Balances as of October 29, 2022 | 29,556,182 |  |  | $ | 9,852 |  |  | $ | 12,189 |  |  | $ | (1,773) |  |  | $ | 838,348 |  |  | $ | 858,616 |
| For the Three Months Ended
| October 30, 2021
| Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Retained Earnings |  | Total Equity
| Shares |  | Amount |  |  |  |
Balances as of July 31, 2021 | 30,170,076 |  |  | $ | 10,057 |  |  | $ | 2,309 |  |  | $ | (1,768) |  |  | $ | 769,823 |  |  | $ | 780,421 |
Stock options exercised | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Stock-based compensation | 524 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,789 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,789 |
Issuance of restricted stock, net of tax withholdings | 5,886 |  |  | 2 |  |  | (156) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (154) |
Other comprehensive income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 28,717 |  |  | 28,717 |
Balances as of October 30, 2021 | 30,176,486 |  |  | $ | 10,059 |  |  | $ | 3,942 |  |  | $ | (1,767) |  |  | $ | 798,540 |  |  | $ | 810,774 |
See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

DYCOM INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Dollars in thousands, except share amounts)
(Unaudited)

| For the Nine Months Ended
| October 29, 2022
| Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Retained Earnings |  | Total Equity
| Shares |  | Amount |  |  |  |
Balances as of January 29, 2022 | 29,612,867 |  |  | $ | 9,871 |  |  | $ | 2,028 |  |  | $ | (1,769) |  |  | $ | 748,414 |  |  | $ | 758,544 |
Stock options exercised | 119,430 |  |  | 40 |  |  | 4,517 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 4,557 |
Stock-based compensation | 1,568 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 12,272 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12,273 |
Issuance of restricted stock, net of tax withholdings | 126,347 |  |  | 42 |  |  | (3,321) |  |  | — |  |  | (2,346) |  |  | (5,625) |
Repurchase of common stock | (304,030) |  |  | (101) |  |  | (3,307) |  |  | — |  |  | (25,124) |  |  | (28,532) |
Other comprehensive loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4) |  |  | — |  |  | (4) |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 117,404 |  |  | 117,404 |
Balances as of October 29, 2022 | 29,556,182 |  |  | $ | 9,852 |  |  | $ | 12,189 |  |  | $ | (1,773) |  |  | $ | 838,348 |  |  | $ | 858,616 |
| For the Nine Months Ended
| October 30, 2021
| Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Retained Earnings |  | Total Equity
| Shares |  | Amount |  |  |  |
Balances as of January 30, 2021 | 30,615,167 |  |  | $ | 10,205 |  |  | $ | 2,284 |  |  | $ | (1,769) |  |  | $ | 800,588 |  |  | $ | 811,308 |
Stock options exercised | 11,169 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 362 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 366 |
Stock-based compensation | 1,765 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 7,838 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,838 |
Issuance of restricted stock, net of tax withholdings | 180,023 |  |  | 60 |  |  | (2,748) |  |  | — |  |  | (3,832) |  |  | (6,520) |
Repurchase of common stock | (631,638) |  |  | (211) |  |  | (3,793) |  |  | — |  |  | (45,996) |  |  | (50,000) |
Other comprehensive income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 47,780 |  |  | 47,780 |
Balances as of October 30, 2021 | 30,176,486 |  |  | $ | 10,059 |  |  | $ | 3,942 |  |  | $ | (1,767) |  |  | $ | 798,540 |  |  | $ | 810,774 |
See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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DYCOM INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)

| For the Nine Months Ended
| October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |
Net income | $ | 117,404 |  |  | $ | 47,780 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities: |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 107,436 |  |  | 115,307 |
Non-cash lease expense | 23,775 |  |  | 23,865 |
Deferred income tax provision | 3,742 |  |  | 8,712 |
Stock-based compensation | 12,273 |  |  | 7,838 |
Amortization of debt discount | — |  |  | 1,665 |
Provision for bad debt, net | 2,149 |  |  | 2,918 |
Gain on sale of fixed assets | (13,991) |  |  | (4,259) |
Loss on debt extinguishment | — |  |  | 62 |
Amortization of debt issuance costs and other | 2,140 |  |  | 2,123 |
Change in operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts receivable, net | (350,734) |  |  | (104,536) |
Contract assets, net | (32,874) |  |  | 86,267 |
Other current assets and inventories | (37,753) |  |  | (7,469) |
Other assets | 4,238 |  |  | 3,412 |
Income taxes receivable/payable | 22,081 |  |  | (12,177) |
Accounts payable | 42,143 |  |  | 13,215 |
Accrued liabilities, insurance claims, operating lease liabilities, and other liabilities | 16,515 |  |  | (21,610) |
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities | (81,456) |  |  | 163,113 |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |
Capital expenditures | (135,777) |  |  | (113,477) |
Proceeds from sale of assets | 14,486 |  |  | 5,226 |
Net cash used in investing activities | (121,291) |  |  | (108,251) |
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |
Proceeds from 2029 Notes | — |  |  | 500,000 |
Proceeds from borrowings on senior credit agreement, including term loan | — |  |  | 95,000 |
Principal payments on senior credit agreement, including term loan | (13,125) |  |  | (271,875) |
Debt issuance costs | — |  |  | (11,638) |
Repurchase of common stock | (28,532) |  |  | (50,000) |
Extinguishment of 2021 Convertible Notes | — |  |  | (58,264) |
Exercise of stock options | 4,557 |  |  | 366 |
Restricted stock tax withholdings | (5,625) |  |  | (6,520) |
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | (42,725) |  |  | 197,069 |
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | (245,472) |  |  | 251,931 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period (Note 7) | 312,561 |  |  | 13,574 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period (Note 7) | $ | 67,089 |  |  | $ | 265,505 |

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Supplemental disclosure of other cash flow activities and non-cash investing and financing activities: |  |  |
Cash paid for interest | $ | 32,338 |  |  | $ | 19,580 |
Cash paid for taxes, net | $ | 3,811 |  |  | $ | 12,653 |
Purchases of capital assets included in accounts payable or other accrued liabilities at period end | $ | 9,513 |  |  | $ | 6,165 |
See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Basis of Presentation
Dycom Industries, Inc. (“Dycom”, the “Company”, “we”, “our”, or “us”) is a leading provider of specialty contracting services throughout the United States. These services include program management; planning; engineering and design; aerial, underground, and wireless construction; maintenance; and fulfillment services for telecommunications providers. Additionally, Dycom provides underground facility locating services for various utilities, including telecommunications providers, and other construction and maintenance services for electric and gas utilities. Dycom supplies the labor, tools, and equipment necessary to provide these services to its customers.
The Company uses a 52/53 week fiscal year ending on the last Saturday in January. Fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2023 each consist of 52 weeks of operations. The next 53 week fiscal period will occur in the fiscal year ending January 31, 2026.
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries, all of which are wholly-owned, have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for annual financial statements and should be read in conjunction with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained in this report and the Company’s audited financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2022, filed with the SEC on March 4, 2022. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods presented have been included. This includes all normal and recurring adjustments and elimination of intercompany accounts and transactions. Operating results for the interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for any subsequent interim or annual period.
Segment Information. The Company operates in one reportable segment. Its services are provided by its operating segments on a decentralized basis. Each operating segment consists of a subsidiary (or in certain instances, the combination of two or more subsidiaries), the results of which are regularly reviewed by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, the chief operating decision maker. All of the Company’s operating segments have been aggregated into one reportable segment based on their similar economic characteristics, nature of services and production processes, type of customers, and service distribution methods.
The United States continues to be impacted by a pandemic caused by a novel strain of coronavirus, including variants of the coronavirus (“COVID-19”). The response to COVID-19 by businesses and governmental agencies, and the ongoing impacts of COVID-19 on global supply chains continues to affect the economy. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve, we are closely monitoring its impact on all aspects of our business, including how it impacts our customers, subcontractors, suppliers, vendors and employees, in addition to its impact on our ability to provide services to our customers. We believe the full extent of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company's operating results, cash flow and financial condition will be determined by factors which are uncertain, unpredictable and outside of our control, including the duration and severity of the pandemic, any worsening of the pandemic, the effectiveness of vaccinations or prior infection to protect against infection or a subsequent infection, the severity of impacts to the health of infected persons, the nature and duration of the containment and mitigation actions taken by federal, state and local governments and protocols and contractual requirements implemented by our customers, and the resulting impact on the demand for our services from our customers. In addition, the ability of our employees and our suppliers’ and customers’ employees to work may be significantly impacted by individuals contracting or being exposed to COVID-19, or as a result of the control measures noted above. Our customers may be directly impacted by business curtailments or weak market conditions and may not be willing to continue using the services we provide. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic may cause delays in our provision of services due to interruptions or restrictions in our ability to obtain permits from government agencies and as a result of constraints to the availability of labor, supplies and equipment. The situation surrounding COVID-19 remains fluid, and if disruptions do arise, they could materially adversely impact our business.
2. Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates
There have been no material changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies and critical accounting estimates described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2022.
Use of Estimates. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in these condensed consolidated financial statements and
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accompanying notes. These estimates are based on our historical experience and management’s understanding of current facts and circumstances. At the time they are made, we believe that such estimates are fair when considered in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations taken as a whole. However, actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
3. Accounting Standards
Recently issued accounting pronouncements are disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2022. As of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, there have been no changes in the expected dates of adoption or estimated effects on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements of recently issued accounting pronouncements from those disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2022. Further, there have been no additional accounting standards issued as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that are applicable to the condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company.
Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted
All other new accounting pronouncements that have been issued but not yet effective are currently being evaluated and at this time are not expected to have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.
4. Computation of Earnings per Common Share
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts):

| For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Nine Months Ended |
| October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |  | October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |
Net income available to common stockholders (numerator) | $ | 54,012 |  |  | $ | 28,717 |  |  | $ | 117,404 |  |  | $ | 47,780 |  |
Weighted-average number of common shares (denominator) | 29,524,516 |  |  | 30,172,254 |  |  | 29,561,172 |  |  | 30,426,337 |  |
Basic earnings per common share | $ | 1.83 |  |  | $ | 0.95 |  |  | $ | 3.97 |  |  | $ | 1.57 |  |
Weighted-average number of common shares | 29,524,516 |  |  | 30,172,254 |  |  | 29,561,172 |  |  | 30,426,337 |  |
Potential shares of common stock arising from stock options, and unvested restricted share units | 454,279 |  |  | 442,452 |  |  | 446,085 |  |  | 502,553 |  |
Total shares-diluted (denominator) | 29,978,795 |  |  | 30,614,706 |  |  | 30,007,257 |  |  | 30,928,890 |  |
Diluted earnings per common share | $ | 1.80 |  |  | $ | 0.94 |  |  | $ | 3.91 |  |  | $ | 1.54 |  |
Anti-dilutive weighted shares excluded from the calculation of earnings per common share:
Stock-based awards | 93,147 |  |  | 218,525 |  |  | 98,863 |  |  | 89,765 |  |
0.75% convertible senior notes due 2021(1) (2) | — |  |  | 297,367 |  |  | — |  |  | 500,017 |  |
Warrants(1) (2) | — |  |  | 601,349 |  |  | — |  |  | 601,349 |  |
Total | 93,147 |  |  | 1,117,241 |  |  | 98,863 |  |  | 1,191,131 |  |

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(1) The Company used the treasury stock method for calculating any potential dilutive impact on earnings per common share if our average stock price for the period exceeded the $96.89 per share conversion price. There was no dilutive impact on earnings per common share during any of the periods presented as our average stock price did not exceed the per share conversion price and the 2021 Convertible Notes (as defined in Note 13) matured on September 15, 2021. The warrants associated with our 2021 Convertible Notes would have had a dilutive impact on earnings per common share if our average stock price for the period had exceeded the $130.43 per share warrant strike price. As our average stock price did not exceed the strike price for the warrants for any periods presented, the underlying common shares were anti-dilutive as reflected in the table above. The warrants were scheduled to expire on a series of dates concluding on May 9, 2022. During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022, we purchased the remaining warrants for $0.7 million and there are no additional warrants outstanding.
(2) In connection with the offering of the 2021 Convertible Notes, we entered into convertible note hedge transactions with counterparties for the purpose of reducing the potential dilution to common stockholders from the conversion of the 2021 Convertible Notes and offsetting any potential cash payments in excess of the principal amount of the 2021 Convertible Notes. Prior to conversion, the convertible note hedge was not included for purposes of the calculation of earnings per common share as its effect would be anti-dilutive. Upon any conversion, the convertible note hedge was expected to offset the dilutive effect of the 2021 Convertible Notes when the average stock price for the period was above $96.89 per share. The 2021 Convertible Notes matured on September 15, 2021. The convertible note hedge transactions expired on September 13, 2021. See Note 13, Debt, for additional information related to our 2021 Convertible Notes, warrant transactions, and hedge transactions.
5. Accounts Receivable, Contract Assets, and Contract Liabilities
The following provides further details on the balance sheet accounts of accounts receivable, net; contract assets; and contract liabilities.
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable, net, classified as current, consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

| October 29, 2022 |  | January 29, 2022
Trade accounts receivable | $ | 467,812 |  |  | $ | 330,811 |
Unbilled accounts receivable | 751,329 |  |  | 545,493 |
Retainage | 28,138 |  |  | 20,318 |
Total | 1,247,279 |  |  | 896,622 |
Less: allowance for doubtful accounts | (2,797) |  |  | (724) |
Accounts receivable, net | $ | 1,244,482 |  |  | $ | 895,898 |

We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses on uncollected balances. The allowance for doubtful accounts changed as follows (dollars in thousands):

| For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Nine Months Ended |
| October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |  | October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |
Allowance for doubtful accounts at beginning of period | $ | 785 |  |  | $ | 1,527 |  |  | $ | 724 |  |  | $ | 1,676 |  |
Provision for bad debt | 2,012 |  |  | 17 |  |  | 2,149 |  |  | 2,918 |  |
Amounts charged against the allowance | — |  |  | (5) |  |  | (76) |  |  | (3,055) |  |
Allowance for doubtful accounts at end of period | $ | 2,797 |  |  | $ | 1,539 |  |  | $ | 2,797 |  |  | $ | 1,539 |  |

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Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities
Net contract assets consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

| October 29, 2022 |  | January 29, 2022
Contract assets | $ | 53,319 |  |  | $ | 24,539 |
Contract liabilities | 14,419 |  |  | 18,512 |
Contract assets, net | $ | 38,900 |  |  | $ | 6,027 |

The increase in net contract assets primarily resulted from increased services performed under contracts consisting of multiple tasks. During the three and nine months ended October 29, 2022, we performed services and recognized $2.8 million and $14.2 million of contract revenues related to contract liabilities that existed at January 29, 2022. See Note 6, Other Current Assets and Other Assets, for information on our long-term contract assets.
Customer Credit Concentration
Customers whose combined amounts of accounts receivable and contract assets, net, exceeded 10% of total combined accounts receivable and contract assets, net, as of October 29, 2022 or January 29, 2022 were as follows (dollars in millions):

| October 29, 2022 |  | January 29, 2022
| Amount |  | % of Total |  | Amount |  | % of Total
Lumen Technologies | $ | 226.9 |  |  | 17.6% |  | $ | 166.0 |  |  | 18.4%
AT&T Inc. | $ | 176.1 |  |  | 13.7% |  | $ | 106.0 |  |  | 11.7%
Verizon Communications Inc. | $ | 153.8 |  |  | 12.0% |  | $ | 144.3 |  |  | 16.0%
Comcast Corporation | $ | 145.9 |  |  | 11.3% |  | $ | 113.5 |  |  | 12.6%

We believe that none of the customers above were experiencing financial difficulties that would materially impact the collectability of the Company’s total accounts receivable and contract assets, net, as of October 29, 2022 or January 29, 2022.
6. Other Current Assets and Other Assets
Other current assets consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

| October 29, 2022 |  | January 29, 2022
Prepaid expenses | $ | 23,507 |  |  | $ | 14,640 |
Deposits and other current assets | 17,813 |  |  | 14,083 |
Insurance recoveries/receivables for accrued insurance claims | 69 |  |  | 756 |
Restricted cash | 1,372 |  |  | 1,372 |
Receivables on equipment sales | 36 |  |  | 25 |
Other current assets | $ | 42,797 |  |  | $ | 30,876 |

Other assets consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

| October 29, 2022 |  | January 29, 2022
Long-term contract assets | $ | 9,561 |  |  | $ | 14,056 |
Deferred financing costs | 3,988 |  |  | 4,834 |
Restricted cash | 432 |  |  | 432 |
Insurance recoveries/receivables for accrued insurance claims | 3,324 |  |  | 3,687 |
Other non-current deposits and assets | 9,092 |  |  | 8,909 |
Other assets | $ | 26,397 |  |  | $ | 31,918 |

Long-term contract assets represent payments made to customers pursuant to long-term agreements and are recognized as a reduction of contract revenues over the period for which the related services are provided to the customers.
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See Note 10, Accrued Insurance Claims, for information on our Insurance recoveries/receivables.
7. Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
Amounts of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported in the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

| October 29, 2022 |  | January 29, 2022
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 65,285 |  |  | $ | 310,757 |
Restricted cash included in: |  |  |
Other current assets | 1,372 |  |  | 1,372 |
Other assets (long-term) | 432 |  |  | 432 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $ | 67,089 |  |  | $ | 312,561 |

8. Property and Equipment
Property and equipment consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

| Estimated Useful Lives (Years) |  | October 29, 2022 |  | January 29, 2022
Land | — |  | $ | 8,419 |  |  | $ | 4,127 |
Buildings | 10-35 |  | 10,445 |  |  | 10,649 |
Leasehold improvements | 1-10 |  | 17,973 |  |  | 17,706 |
Vehicles | 1-5 |  | 774,324 |  |  | 714,515 |
Computer hardware and software | 1-7 |  | 163,660 |  |  | 153,072 |
Office furniture and equipment | 1-10 |  | 12,536 |  |  | 12,939 |
Equipment and machinery | 1-10 |  | 350,515 |  |  | 329,145 |
Total |  |  | 1,337,872 |  |  | 1,242,153 |
Less: accumulated depreciation |  |  | (1,000,697) |  |  | (947,355) |
Property and equipment, net |  |  | $ | 337,175 |  |  | $ | 294,798 |

Depreciation expense was $31.6 million and $33.7 million for the three months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021, respectively, and $95.7 million and $101.8 million for the nine months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021, respectively.
9. Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill
There was no change in the carrying amount of goodwill during the nine months ended October 29, 2022. The g oodwill balance consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

|  | October 29, 2022 |  | January 29, 2022
Goodwill, gross |  | $ | 521,516 |  |  | $ | 521,516 |
Accumulated impairment losses |  | (249,031) |  |  | (249,031) |
Total |  | $ | 272,485 |  |  | $ | 272,485 |

The Company’s goodwill resides in multiple reporting units and primarily consists of expected synergies, together with the expansion of the Company’s geographic presence and strengthening of its customer base from acquisitions. Goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets are assessed annually for impairment, or more frequently if events occur that would indicate a potential reduction in the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value. The profitability of individual reporting units may suffer periodically due to downturns in customer demand, increased costs of providing services, and the level of overall economic activity. The Company’s customers may reduce capital expenditures and defer or cancel pending projects due to
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changes in technology, a slowing or uncertain economy, merger or acquisition activity, a decision to allocate resources to other areas of their business, or other reasons. The profitability of reporting units may also suffer if actual costs of providing services exceed the costs anticipated when the Company enters into contracts. Additionally, adverse conditions in the economy and future volatility in the equity and credit markets could impact the valuation of the Company’s reporting units. The cyclical nature of the Company’s business, the high level of competition existing within its industry, and the concentration of its revenues from a limited number of customers may also cause results to vary. These factors may affect individual reporting units disproportionately, relative to the Company as a whole. As a result, the performance of one or more of the reporting units could decline, resulting in an impairment of goodwill or intangible assets.
The Company performs its annual impairment assessment as of the first day of the fourth fiscal quarter of each fiscal year. As a result of the Company’s fiscal 2022 period assessment, the Company determined that the fair values of each of the reporting units and the indefinite-lived intangible asset were in excess of their carrying values and no impairment had occurred. As of October 29, 2022, the Company continues to believe the remaining goodwill and the indefinite-lived intangible asset are recoverable for all of its reporting units.
Intangible Assets
Our intangible assets consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

| October 29, 2022 |  | January 29, 2022
| Weighted Average Remaining Useful Lives (Years) |  | Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Intangible Assets, Net |  | Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Intangible Assets, Net
Customer relationships | 7.8 |  | $ | 312,017 |  |  | $ | 227,407 |  |  | $ | 84,610 |  |  | $ | 312,017 |  |  | $ | 215,806 |  |  | $ | 96,211 |
Trade names, finite | 7.8 |  | 9,250 |  |  | 8,422 |  |  | 828 |  |  | 9,250 |  |  | 8,329 |  |  | 921 |
Trade name, indefinite | — |  | 4,700 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,700 |  |  | 4,700 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,700 |
|  |  | $ | 325,967 |  |  | $ | 235,829 |  |  | $ | 90,138 |  |  | $ | 325,967 |  |  | $ | 224,135 |  |  | $ | 101,832 |

Amortization of our customer relationship intangibles is recognized on an accelerated basis as a function of the expected economic benefit. Amortization of our other finite-lived intangibles is recognized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life. Amortization expense for finite-lived intangible assets was $3.9 million and $4.1 million for the three months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021, respectively, and $11.7 million and $13.5 million for the nine months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021, respectively.
As of October 29, 2022, we believe that the carrying amounts of our intangible assets are recoverable. However, if adverse events were to occur or circumstances were to change indicating that the carrying amount of such assets may not be fully recoverable, the assets would be reviewed for impairment.
10. Accrued Insurance Claims
Within our insurance program, we retain the risk of loss on a per occurrence basis in varying amounts depending on the type of claim and the terms of the applicable insurance coverage. Additionally, we retain the risk of loss, up to certain annual aggregate stop loss limits, for claims covered by our automobile liability, general liability (including claims relating to underground facility locating services), workers’ compensation, and employee group health. Losses for covered claims beyond our retained risk of loss are paid or reimbursed by our insurance carriers up to our coverage limits.
For fiscal 2022, with regard to workers’ compensation losses, we retained the risk of loss up to $1.0 million on a per occurrence basis. This retention amount is applicable to all of the states in which we operate, except with respect to workers’ compensation insurance in two states in which we participate in state-sponsored insurance funds. With regard to automobile liability and general liability losses for fiscal 2022, we retained the risk of loss up to $1.0 million on a per-occurrence basis for the first $5.0 million of insurance coverage. We also retained the risk of loss for automobile and general liability for the next $5.0 million on a per-occurrence basis with aggregate loss limits of $11.5 million within this layer of retention. In addition, we retained $10.0 million risk of loss on a per occurrence basis for losses above $30.0 million.
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For fiscal 2023, with regard to workers’ compensation losses, our retention of risk remains the same as fiscal 2022. With regard to automobile liability and general liability losses, our retention of risk remains the same as fiscal 2022, with the exception that we retained an additional $5.0 million risk of loss on a per occurrence basis for losses above $10.0 million, if any.
We are party to a stop-loss agreement for losses under our employee group health plan. For the calendar year 2022, we retain the risk of loss on an annual basis, up to the first $600,000 of claims per participant.
Amounts for total accrued insurance claims and insurance recoveries/receivables are as follows (dollars in thousands):

| October 29, 2022 |  | January 29, 2022
Accrued insurance claims - current | $ | 41,594 |  |  | $ | 36,805 |
Accrued insurance claims - non-current | 48,719 |  |  | 48,238 |
Accrued insurance claims | $ | 90,313 |  |  | $ | 85,043 |
Insurance recoveries/receivables: |  |  |
Current (included in Other current assets) | $ | 69 |  |  | $ | 756 |
Non-current (included in Other assets) | 3,324 |  |  | 3,687 |
Insurance recoveries/receivables | $ | 3,393 |  |  | $ | 4,443 |

Insurance recoveries/receivables represent the amount of accrued insurance claims that are covered by insurance as the amounts exceed the Company’s loss retention. During the nine months ended October 29, 2022, total insurance recoveries/receivables decreased approximately $1.1 million primarily due to the settlement of claims that exceeded our loss retention. Accrued insurance claims decreased by a corresponding amount.
11. Leases
We lease the majority of our office facilities as well as certain equipment, all of which are accounted for as operating leases. These leases have remaining terms ranging from less than 1 year to approximately 8 years. Some leases include options to extend the lease for up to 5 years and others include options to terminate.
The following table summarizes the components of lease cost recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021 (dollars in thousands):

| For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Nine Months Ended |
| October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |  | October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |
Lease cost under long-term operating leases | $ | 8,593 |  |  | $ | 8,526 |  |  | $ | 25,520 |  |  | $ | 25,952 |  |
Lease cost under short-term operating leases | 7,183 |  |  | 6,452 |  |  | 19,898 |  |  | 17,707 |  |
Variable lease cost under short-term and long-term operating leases(1) | 897 |  |  | 756 |  |  | 2,917 |  |  | 2,696 |  |
Total lease cost | $ | 16,673 |  |  | $ | 15,734 |  |  | $ | 48,335 |  |  | $ | 46,355 |  |

(1) Variable lease cost primarily includes insurance, maintenance, and other operating expenses related to our leased office facilities.
Our operating lease liabilities related to long-term operating leases were $66.0 million as of October 29, 2022 and $61.2 million as of January 29, 2022. Supplemental balance sheet information related to these liabilities is as follows:

| October 29, 2022 |  | January 29, 2022
Weighted average remaining lease term | 2.9 years |  | 3.1 years
Weighted average discount rate | 3.7 | % |  | 3.8 | %

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Supplemental cash flow information related to our long-term operating lease liabilities for the three and nine months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021 is as follows (dollars in thousands):

| For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Nine Months Ended |
| October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |  | October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities | $ | 9,452 |  |  | $ | 9,670 |  |  | $ | 25,317 |  |  | $ | 25,736 |  |
Operating lease right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities | $ | 9,202 |  |  | $ | 3,075 |  |  | $ | 28,659 |  |  | $ | 22,644 |  |

As of October 29, 2022, maturities of our lease liabilities under our long-term operating leases for the next five fiscal years and thereafter are as follows (dollars in thousands):

Fiscal Year |  | Amount
Remainder of 2023 |  | $ | 7,347 |
2024 |  | 29,004 |
2025 |  | 20,281 |
2026 |  | 10,789 |
2027 |  | 4,787 |
Thereafter |  | 2,062 |
Total lease payments |  | 74,270 |
Less: imputed interest |  | (8,235) |
Total |  | $ | 66,035 |

As of October 29, 2022, the Company had additional operating leases with total leases costs of $0.2 million, which will commence during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2023.
12. Other Accrued Liabilities
Other accrued liabilities consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

| October 29, 2022 |  | January 29, 2022
Accrued payroll and related taxes | $ | 55,132 |  |  | $ | 47,303 |
Accrued employee benefit and incentive plan costs | 38,832 |  |  | 26,942 |
Accrued construction costs | 43,847 |  |  | 28,254 |
Other current liabilities | 22,689 |  |  | 25,710 |
Other accrued liabilities | $ | 160,500 |  |  | $ | 128,209 |

13. Debt
Our outstanding indebtedness consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

| October 29, 2022 |  | January 29, 2022
Credit agreement - Revolving facility (matures April 2026) | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Credit agreement - Term loan facility, net (matures April 2026) | 334,815 |  |  | 347,438 |
4.50% senior notes, net (mature April 2029) | 494,035 |  |  | 493,313 |
| 828,850 |  |  | 840,751 |
Less: current portion | (17,500) |  |  | (17,500) |
Long-term debt | $ | 811,350 |  |  | $ | 823,251 |

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Senior Credit Agreement
On April 1, 2021, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries amended its credit agreement, dated as of October 19, 2018, with the various lenders party thereto and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent (the “Credit Agreement”) to among other things, decrease the maximum revolver commitment to $650.0 million from $750.0 million and decrease the term loan facility to $350.0 million from $416.3 million. The Credit Agreement includes a $200.0 million sublimit for the issuance of letters of credit and a $50.0 million sublimit for swingline loans. As part of the amendment, the maturity of the Credit Agreement was extended to April 1, 2026.
The following table summarizes the net carrying value of the term loan as of October 29, 2022 and January 29, 2022 (dollars in thousands):

| October 29, 2022 |  | January 29, 2022 |  |
Principal amount of term loan | $ | 336,875 |  |  | $ | 350,000 |  |  |
Less: Debt issuance costs | (2,060) |  | (2,562) |  |
Net carrying amount of term loan | $ | 334,815 |  |  | $ | 347,438 |  |  |

Subject to certain conditions, the Credit Agreement provides us with the ability to enter into one or more incremental facilities either by increasing the revolving commitments under the Credit Agreement and/or by establishing one or more additional term loans, up to the sum of (i) $350.0 million and (ii) an aggregate amount such that, after giving effect to such incremental facilities on a pro forma basis (assuming that the amount of the incremental commitments are fully drawn and funded), the consolidated senior secured net leverage ratio does not exceed 2.25 to 1.00. The consolidated senior secured net leverage ratio is the ratio of our consolidated senior secured indebtedness reduced by unrestricted cash and equivalents in excess of $25.0 million to our trailing twelve-month consolidated earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization, as defined by the Credit Agreement (“EBITDA”). Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are guaranteed by substantially all of our domestic subsidiaries and secured by 100% of the equity interests of our direct and indirect domestic subsidiaries and 65% of the voting equity interests and 100% of the non-voting interests of our first-tier foreign subsidiaries (subject to customary exceptions).
Under the Credit Agreement, borrowings bear interest at the rates described below based upon our consolidated net leverage ratio, which is the ratio of our consolidated total funded debt reduced by unrestricted cash and equivalents in excess of $25.0 million to our trailing twelve-month consolidated EBITDA, as defined by the Credit Agreement. In addition, we incur certain fees for unused balances and letters of credit at the rates described below, also based upon our consolidated net leverage ratio.

Borrowings - Eurodollar Rate Loans | 1.25% - 2.00% plus LIBOR(1)
Borrowings - Base Rate Loans | 0.25% - 1.00% plus Base rate(2)
Unused Revolver Commitment | 0.20% - 0.40%
Standby Letters of Credit | 1.25% - 2.00%
Commercial Letters of Credit | 0.625% -1.000%

(1) To address the transition in financial markets away from LIBOR, the Credit Agreement includes provisions related to the replacement of LIBOR with a LIBOR Successor Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement), which may be a rate based on the secured overnight financing rate published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
(2) Base rate is described in our Credit Agreement as the highest of (i) the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.50%, (ii) the administrative agent’s prime rate, and (iii) the Eurodollar rate plus 1.00% and, if such rate is less than zero, such rate shall be deemed zero.
Standby letters of credit of approximately $47.5 million and $46.3 million, issued as part of our insurance program, were outstanding under the Credit Agreement as of October 29, 2022 and January 29, 2022, respectively.
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The weighted average interest rates and fees for balances under our Credit Agreement as of October 29, 2022 and January 29, 2022 were as follows:

| Weighted Average Rate End of Period
| October 29, 2022 |  | January 29, 2022
Borrowings - Term loan facility | 5.16% |  | 1.86%
Borrowings - Revolving facility(1) | —% |  | —%
Standby Letters of Credit | 1.75% |  | 1.63%
Unused Revolver Commitment | 0.35% |  | 0.30%

(1) There were no outstanding borrowings under our revolving facility as of October 29, 2022 and January 29, 2022.
The Credit Agreement contains a financial covenant that requires us to maintain a consolidated net leverage ratio of not greater than 3.50 to 1.00, as measured at the end of each fiscal quarter, and provides for certain increases to this ratio in connection with permitted acquisitions. The agreement also contains a financial covenant that requires us to maintain a consolidated interest coverage ratio, which is the ratio of our trailing twelve-month consolidated EBITDA to our consolidated interest expense, each as defined by the Credit Agreement, of not less than 3.00 to 1.00, as measured at the end of each fiscal quarter. At October 29, 2022 and January 29, 2022, we were in compliance with the financial covenants of our Credit Agreement and had borrowing availability under the revolving facility of $419.2 million and $326.3 million, respectively, as determined by the most restrictive covenant. For calculation purposes, applicable cash on hand is netted against the funded debt amount as permitted in the Credit Agreement.
4.50% Senior Notes Due 2029
On April 1, 2021, we issued $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.50% senior notes due 2029 (the “2029 Notes”). The 2029 Notes are guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis, jointly and severally, by all of our domestic subsidiaries that guarantee the Credit Agreement.
The indenture governing the 2029 Notes contains certain covenants that limit, among other things, our ability and the ability of certain of our subsidiaries to (i) incur additional debt and issue certain preferred stock, (ii) pay certain dividends on, repurchase, or make distributions in respect of, our and our Subsidiaries’ capital stock or make other payments restricted by the indenture, (iii) enter into agreements that place limitations on distributions made from certain of our subsidiaries, (iv) guarantee certain debt, (v) make certain investments, (vi) sell or exchange certain assets, (vii) enter into transactions with affiliates, (viii) create certain liens, and (ix) consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of our or our Subsidiaries’ assets. These covenants are subject to a number of exceptions, limitations and qualifications as set forth in the indenture governing the 2029 Notes.
The following table summarizes the net carrying value of the 2029 Notes as of October 29, 2022 and January 29, 2022 (dollars in thousands):

| October 29, 2022 |  | January 29, 2022 |  |
Principal amount of 2029 Notes | $ | 500,000 |  |  | $ | 500,000 |  |  |
Less: Debt issuance costs | (5,965) |  |  | (6,687) |  |  |
Net carrying amount of 2029 Notes | $ | 494,035 |  |  | $ | 493,313 |  |  |

The following table summarizes the fair value of the 2029 Notes, net of debt issuance costs. The fair value of the 2029 Notes is based on the closing trading price per $100 of the 2029 Notes as of the last day of trading (Level 2), which was $87.25 and $97.50 as of October 29, 2022 and January 29, 2022, respectively (dollars in thousands):

| October 29, 2022 |  | January 29, 2022
Fair value of principal amount of 2029 Notes | $ | 436,250 |  |  | $ | 487,500 |
Less: Debt issuance costs | (5,965) |  |  | (6,687) |
Fair value of 2029 Notes | $ | 430,285 |  |  | $ | 480,813 |

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0.75% Convertible Senior Notes Due 2021
On September 15, 2015, we issued 0.75% convertible senior notes in a private placement in the principal amount of $485.0 million (the “2021 Convertible Notes”). The 2021 Convertible Notes, governed by the terms of an indenture between the Company and a bank trustee, were unsecured obligations and did not contain any financial covenants or restrictions on the payments of dividends, the incurrence of indebtedness, or the issuance or repurchase of securities by the Company. The 2021 Convertible Notes bore interest at a rate of 0.75% per year, payable in cash semiannually in March and September, and matured on September 15, 2021. On the maturity date the outstanding balance of $58.3 million under the 2021 Convertible Notes was repaid in full and no 2021 Convertible Notes were converted prior to maturity.
In connection with the offering of the 2021 Convertible Notes, we entered into convertible note hedge transactions with counterparties for the purpose of reducing the potential dilution to common stockholders from the conversion of the 2021 Convertible Notes and offsetting any potential cash payments in excess of the principal amount of the 2021 Convertible Notes. We also entered into separately negotiated warrant transactions with the same counterparties whereby we sold warrants to purchase shares of our common stock at a price of $130.43 per share. The convertible note hedge transactions expired in September 2021. In addition, we unwound the remaining warrants during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022 and, as a result, there are no additional warrants outstanding. For further information, see Note 13 to the consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2022.
14. Income Taxes
Our interim income tax provisions are based on the effective income tax rate expected to be applicable for the full fiscal year, adjusted for specific items that are required to be recognized in the period in which they occur. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are based on the enacted tax rate that will apply in future periods when such assets and liabilities are expected to be settled or realized.
Our effective income tax rate was 21.9% and 17.7% for the three months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021, respectively, and 20.8% and 17.2% for the nine months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021, respectively. The effective tax rate differs from the statutory rate primarily due to tax credits recognized, the impact of the vesting and exercise of share-based awards, and the difference in income tax rates from state to state where work was performed. The three and nine months ended October 29, 2022, includes approximately $1.8 million and $3.4 million, respectively, for tax benefits for credits related to tax filings for prior years. Additionally, the three and nine months ended October 30, 2021, includes approximately $3.0 million for incremental tax benefits for credits related to tax filings for prior periods. Other fluctuations in our effective income tax rate from the statutory rate each period are mainly attributable to changes in unrecognized tax benefits, tax law changes, and variances in non-deductible and non-taxable items.
During the first quarter of fiscal 2023, we were notified by the Internal Revenue Service that our federal income tax return for fiscal 2016 was selected for examination due to the net operating loss carryback claim filed in fiscal 2021. In addition, fiscal year 2020 was selected for examination in the second quarter of fiscal 2022. We believe our provision for income taxes is adequate; however, any assessment may affect our results of operations and cash flows.
15. Other Income, Net
The components of other income, net, were as follows (dollars in thousands):

| For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Nine Months Ended |
| October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |  | October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |
Gain on sale of fixed assets | $ | 5,135 |  |  | $ | 415 |  |  | $ | 13,991 |  |  | $ | 4,259 |  |
Discount fee expense | (3,266) |  |  | (403) |  |  | (5,682) |  |  | (1,277) |  |
Miscellaneous income, net | 605 |  |  | 552 |  |  | 1,547 |  |  | 1,285 |  |
Other income, net | $ | 2,474 |  |  | $ | 564 |  |  | $ | 9,856 |  |  | $ | 4,267 |  |

We participate in a vendor payment program sponsored by one of our customers. Eligible accounts receivable from this customer are included in the program and payment is received pursuant to a non-recourse sale to a bank partner. This program effectively reduces the time to collect these receivables as compared to that customer’s standard payment terms. We incur a
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discount fee to the bank on the payments received that is reflected as discount fee expense in the table above and is included as an expense component in other income, net, in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
16. Capital Stock
Repurchases of Common Stock. On March 2, 2022 the Company announced that its Board of Directors had authorized a new $150 million program to repurchase shares of the Company’s outstanding common stock through August 2023 in open market or private transactions. The new authorization replaces the remaining $43.9 million that was available under the prior authorization. During the three months ended October 29, 2022, the Company did not repurchase any shares of its own common stock. As of October 29, 2022, $121.5 million of the authorization was available for repurchases.
Upon cancellation of shares repurchased or withheld for tax withholdings, the excess over par value is recorded as a reduction of additional paid-in capital until the balance is reduced to zero, with any additional excess recorded as a reduction of retained earnings. During the nine months ended October 29, 2022, $27.5 million was charged to retained earnings related to shares canceled during the period.
17. Stock-Based Awards
We have certain stock-based compensation plans under which we grant stock-based awards, including common stock, stock options, time-based restricted share units (“RSUs”), and performance-based restricted share units (“Performance RSUs”) to attract, retain, and reward talented employees, officers, and directors, and to align stockholder and employee interests.
Compensation expense for stock-based awards is based on fair value at the measurement date. This expense fluctuates over time as a function of the duration of vesting periods of the stock-based awards and the Company’s performance, as measured by criteria set forth in performance-based awards. Stock-based compensation expense is included in general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and the amount of expense ultimately recognized depends on the quantity of awards that actually vest. Accordingly, stock-based compensation expense may vary from period to period.
The performance criteria for the Company’s performance-based equity awards utilize the Company’s operating earnings (adjusted for certain amounts) as a percentage of contract revenues for the applicable annual period (a “Performance Year”) and its Performance Year operating cash flow level (adjusted for certain amounts). Additionally, certain awards include three-year performance measures that, if met, result in supplemental shares awarded. For Performance RSUs, the Company evaluates compensation expense quarterly and recognizes expense for performance-based awards only if it determines it is probable that performance criteria for the awards will be met.
Stock-based compensation expense and the related tax benefit recognized during the three and nine months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

| For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Nine Months Ended |
| October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |  | October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |
Stock-based compensation | $ | 4,515 |  |  | $ | 1,789 |  |  | $ | 12,273 |  |  | $ | 7,838 |  |
Income tax effect of stock-based compensation | $ | 1,113 |  |  | $ | 453 |  |  | $ | 3,031 |  |  | $ | 1,932 |  |

During the three months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021 the Company realized approximately $1.5 million and nominal amounts of net excess tax benefits, respectively, related to the vesting and exercise of share-based awards. During the nine months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021, the Company realized approximately $4.1 million and $2.8 million of net excess tax benefits, respectively.
As of October 29, 2022, we had unrecognized compensation expense related to stock options, RSUs, and target Performance RSUs (based on the Company’s expected achievement of performance measures) of $3.0 million, $18.5 million, and $7.9 million, respectively. This expense will be recognized over a weighted-average number of years of 2.8, 2.6, and 1.6, respectively, based on the average remaining service periods for the awards. We may recognize an additional $21.3 million in compensation expense in future periods after October 29, 2022 if the maximum number of Performance RSUs is earned based on certain performance measures being met.
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Stock Options
The following table summarizes stock option award activity during the nine months ended October 29, 2022:

| Stock Options
| Shares |  | Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding as of January 29, 2022 | 332,121 |  |  | $ | 52.39 |
Granted | 33,015 |  |  | $ | 97.49 |
Options exercised | (119,430) |  |  | $ | 38.16 |
Outstanding as of October 29, 2022 | 245,706 |  |  | $ | 65.36 |
Exercisable options as of October 29, 2022 | 148,916 |  |  | $ | 65.12 |

RSUs and Performance RSUs
The following table summarizes RSU and Performance RSU award activity during the nine months ended October 29, 2022:

| Restricted Stock
| RSUs |  | Performance RSUs
| Share Units |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value |  | Share Units |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding as of January 29, 2022 | 524,255 |  |  | $ | 38.49 |  |  | 455,800 |  |  | $ | 68.88 |
Granted | 124,347 |  |  | $ | 96.81 |  |  | 202,212 |  |  | $ | 97.49 |
Share units vested | (185,146) |  |  | $ | 39.32 |  |  | (6,483) |  |  | $ | 25.15 |
Forfeited or canceled | (16,050) |  |  | $ | 43.80 |  |  | (264,856) |  |  | $ | 61.47 |
Outstanding as of October 29, 2022 | 447,406 |  |  | $ | 54.17 |  |  | 386,673 |  |  | $ | 89.65 |

The total number of granted Performance RSUs presented above consists of 137,605 target shares and 64,607 supplemental shares. The total number of Performance RSUs outstanding as of October 29, 2022 consists of 260,319 target shares and 126,354 supplemental shares. With respect to the Company’s Performance Year ended January 29, 2022, the Company canceled 164,066 target shares and 85,576 supplemental shares during the nine months ended October 29, 2022, as a result of the performance period criteria not being met.
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18. Customer Concentration and Revenue Information
Geographic Location
We provide services throughout the United States.
Significant Customers
Our customer base is highly concentrated, with our top five customers accounting for approximately 67.0% and 66.0% of total contract revenues during the nine months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021, respectively. Customers whose contract revenues exceeded 10% of total contract revenues during the three and nine months ended October 29, 2022 or October 30, 2021, as well as total contract revenues from all other customers combined, were as follows (dollars in millions):

| For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Nine Months Ended |
| October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |  | October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |
| Amount |  | % of Total |  | Amount |  | % of Total |  | Amount |  | % of Total |  | Amount |  | % of Total |
AT&T Inc. | $ | 258.2 |  |  | 24.8% |  | $ | 199.5 |  |  | 23.4% |  | $ | 751.5 |  |  | 26.0% |  | $ | 532.6 |  |  | 22.5% |
Lumen Technologies | 142.9 |  |  | 13.6 |  | 103.0 |  |  | 12.1 |  | 373.3 |  |  | 12.9 |  | 284.2 |  |  | 12.0 |
Comcast Corporation | 108.8 |  |  | 10.4 |  | 121.0 |  |  | 14.2 |  | 331.9 |  |  | 11.5 |  | 373.8 |  |  | 15.8 |
Verizon Communications Inc. | 94.9 |  |  | 9.1 |  | 93.4 |  | 10.9 |  | 256.8 |  |  | 8.9 |  | 275.7 |  | 11.6 |
Total other customers combined | 437.6 |  |  | 42.1 |  | 337.1 |  | 39.4 |  | 1,177.5 |  |  | 40.7 |  | 902.7 |  | 38.1 |
Total contract revenues | $ | 1,042.4 |  |  | 100.0% |  | $ | 854.0 |  |  | 100.0% |  | $ | 2,891.0 |  |  | 100.0% |  | $ | 2,369.0 |  |  | 100.0% |

See Note 5, Accounts Receivable, Contract Assets, and Contract Liabilities, for information on our customer credit concentration and collectability of trade accounts receivable and contract assets.
Customer Type
Total contract revenues by customer type during the three and nine months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021 were as follows (dollars in millions):

| For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Nine Months Ended |
| October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |  | October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |
| Amount |  | % of Total |  | Amount |  | % of Total |  | Amount |  | % of Total |  | Amount |  | % of Total |
Telecommunications | $ | 940.7 |  |  | 90.3% |  | $ | 757.9 |  |  | 88.8% |  | $ | 2,590.5 |  |  | 89.6% |  | $ | 2,095.1 |  |  | 88.4% |
Underground facility locating | 72.1 |  |  | 6.9 |  | 67.6 |  |  | 7.9 |  | 214.5 |  |  | 7.4 |  | 198.2 |  |  | 8.4 |
Electrical and gas utilities and other | 29.6 |  |  | 2.8 |  | 28.5 |  |  | 3.3 |  | 86.0 |  |  | 3.0 |  | 75.7 |  |  | 3.2 |
Total contract revenues | $ | 1,042.4 |  |  | 100.0% |  | $ | 854.0 |  |  | 100.0% |  | $ | 2,891.0 |  |  | 100.0% |  | $ | 2,369.0 |  |  | 100.0% |

Remaining Performance Obligations
Master service agreements and other contractual agreements with customers contain customer-specified service requirements, such as discrete pricing for individual tasks. In most cases, our customers are not contractually committed to procure specific volumes of services under these agreements.
Services are generally performed pursuant to these agreements in accordance with individual work orders. An individual work order generally is completed within one year. As a result, our remaining performance obligations under the work orders not yet completed is not meaningful in relation to our overall revenue at any given point in time. We apply the practical expedient in Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and do not disclose information about remaining performance obligations that have original expected durations of one year or less.
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19. Commitments and Contingencies
On August 10, 2021, one of the Company’s subsidiaries was named in a putative class action lawsuit alleging claims on behalf of its non-exempt employees in California. The lawsuit alleges that the company failed to pay minimum and overtime wages, did not provide required meal and rest breaks, did not timely pay wages during employment and at the time of termination, provided noncompliant wage statements, failed to reimburse necessary business expenses, failed to keep requisite payroll records, and engaged in unfair business practices. On September 14, 2021, the same plaintiff bringing the putative class action filed a separate representative action under California’s Private Attorneys General Action (“PAGA”) seeking civil penalties relating to the same claims described above. Both lawsuits are in the very early stages. Due to the early stage of litigation, it is not possible to estimate a range of loss that could occur resulting from either an adverse judgment or a settlement of these matters.
During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016, one of the Company’s subsidiaries ceased operations. This subsidiary contributed to a multiemployer pension plan, the Pension, Hospitalization and Benefit Plan of the Electrical Industry - Pension Trust Fund (the “Plan”). In October 2016, the Plan demanded payment for a claimed withdrawal liability of approximately $13.0 million. In December 2016, the subsidiary submitted a formal request to the Plan seeking review of the Plan’s withdrawal liability determination. The subsidiary disputes the claim that it is required to make payment of a withdrawal liability as demanded by the Plan as it believes that a statutory exemption under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (“ERISA”) applies to its activities. The Plan has taken the position that the work at issue does not qualify for that statutory exemption. The subsidiary has submitted this dispute to arbitration, as required by ERISA. In that proceeding, the arbitrator has issued an order indicating that the statutory exemption is not available to the Company’s subsidiary, and the Company’s subsidiary has appealed that determination to the District Court. As required by ERISA, in November 2016, this subsidiary began making payments of a withdrawal liability to the Plan in the amount of approximately $0.1 million per month. If the subsidiary prevails in disputing the withdrawal liability, all such payments are expected to be refunded. Given the early stage of this action, it is not possible to estimate a range of loss that could result from either an adverse judgment or a settlement of this matter.
From time to time, we are party to other various claims and legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. While the resolution of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, it is the opinion of management, based on information available at this time, that the ultimate resolution of any such claims or legal proceedings will not, after considering applicable insurance coverage or other indemnities to which we may be entitled, have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flow.
Commitments
Performance and Payment Bonds and Guarantees. We have obligations under performance and other surety contract bonds related to certain of our customer contracts. Performance bonds generally provide a customer with the right to obtain payment and/or performance from the issuer of the bond if we fail to perform our contractual obligations. As of October 29, 2022 and January 29, 2022, we had $289.0 million and $296.4 million, respectively, of outstanding performance and other surety contract bonds. In addition to performance and other surety contract bonds, as part of our insurance program we also provide surety bonds that collateralize our obligations to our insurance carriers. As of October 29, 2022 and January 29, 2022, we had $20.4 million and $20.3 million, respectively, of outstanding surety bonds related to our insurance obligations. Additionally, we periodically guarantee certain obligations of our subsidiaries, including obligations in connection with obtaining state contractor licenses and leasing real property and equipment.
Letters of Credit. We have issued standby letters of credit under our Credit Agreement that collateralize our obligations to our insurance carriers. As of October 29, 2022 and January 29, 2022, we had $47.5 million and $46.3 million, respectively, of outstanding standby letters of credit issued under the Credit Agreement.
Deferral of Employer Payroll Taxes. During 2020, the U.S. federal government enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the CARES Act), which provided for various tax relief and tax incentive measures. These measures did not have a material impact on our results of operations. However, pursuant to the CARES Act, we deferred the payment of $37.4 million of employer payroll taxes during the year ended December 31, 2020, 50% of which was paid by December 31, 2021 and the remainder is due by December 31, 2022.
Cautionary Note Concerning Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements. These statements are intended to qualify for the “safe harbor” from liability established by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements may relate to future events, financial performance, strategies, expectations, and the competitive environment. Words such as “believe,”
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“expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “intend,” “project,” “forecast,” “target,” “outlook,” “may,” “should,” “could,” and similar expressions, as well as statements written in the future tense, identify forward-looking statements.
You should not consider forward-looking statements as guarantees of future performance or results. When made, forward-looking statements are based on information known to management at such time and/or management’s good faith belief with respect to future events. Such statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual performance or results to differ materially from those expressed in or suggested by the forward-looking statements. Important factors, assumptions, uncertainties, and risks that could cause such differences include, but are not limited to: the duration and severity of a pandemic caused by COVID-19 and its ultimate impact across our business, future economic conditions and trends in the industries we serve including the potential impacts of an inflationary economic environment, customer capital budgets and spending priorities, the availability and cost of materials, equipment and labor necessary to perform our work, the effect of changes in tax law, projections of revenues, income or loss, or capital expenditures, our plans for future operations, growth and services, including contract backlog, our plans for future acquisitions, dispositions, or financial needs, expected benefits and synergies of businesses acquired and future opportunities for the combined businesses, anticipated outcomes of contingent events, including litigation, availability of capital, restrictions imposed by our Credit Agreement and our 2029 Notes, use of our cash flow to service our debt, potential liabilities and other adverse effects arising from occupational health, safety, and other regulatory matters, potential exposure to environmental liabilities, determinations as to whether the carrying value of our assets is impaired, assumptions relating to any of the foregoing, and the other risks and uncertainties discussed within Item 1, Business, Item 1A, Risk Factors, and Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2022, filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 4, 2022 and our other periodic filings with the SEC. Our forward-looking statements are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement and are only made as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect new information or events or circumstances arising after such date.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2022. Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2022 was filed with the SEC on March 4, 2022, and is available on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov and on our website at www.dycomind.com.
Introduction
We are a leading provider of specialty contracting services throughout the United States. These services include program management; planning; engineering and design; aerial, underground, and wireless construction; maintenance; and fulfillment services for telecommunications providers. Additionally, we provide underground facility locating services for various utilities, including telecommunications providers, and other construction and maintenance services for electric and gas utilities. We supply the labor, tools, and equipment necessary to provide these services to our customers.
Significant demand for broadband is driven by applications that require high speed connections as well as the everyday use of mobile data devices. To respond to this demand and other advances in technology, major industry participants are constructing or upgrading significant wireline networks across broad sections of the country. These wireline networks are generally designed to provision gigabit network speeds to individual consumers and businesses, either directly or wirelessly using 5G technologies. Industry participants have stated their belief that a single high capacity fiber network can most cost effectively deliver services to both consumers and businesses, enabling multiple revenue streams from a single investment. This view is increasing the appetite for fiber deployments, and we believe that the industry effort to deploy high capacity fiber networks continues to meaningfully broaden the set of opportunities for our industry. Increasing access to high-capacity telecommunications continues to be crucial to society, especially in rural America. The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (“Infrastructure Act”) includes over $40 billion for the construction of rural communications networks in unserved and underserved areas across the country. This represents an unprecedented level of support. In addition, substantially all states are commencing programs that will provide funding for telecommunications networks even prior to the initiation of funding under the Infrastructure Act.
We are providing program management, planning, engineering and design, aerial, underground, and wireless construction and fulfillment services for gigabit deployments. These services are being provided across the country in numerous geographic areas to multiple customers. These deployments include networks consisting entirely of wired network elements and converged wireless/wireline multi-use networks. Fiber network deployment opportunities are increasing in rural America as new industry
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participants respond to emerging societal initiatives. We continue to provide integrated planning, engineering and design, procurement and construction and maintenance services to several industry participants.
Macro-economic conditions, including those impacting the cost of capital, may influence the execution of some industry plans. In addition, the market for labor remains tight in many regions around the country. Automotive and equipment supply chains remain challenged, particularly for the large truck chassis required for specialty equipment. Prices for capital equipment continue to increase. It remains to be seen how long these conditions may persist. Looking ahead, these factors will increase the likelihood that demand could fluctuate amongst customers. These fluctuations may result in a wider range of potential outcomes moving into next year. Within this context, we remain confident that our scale and financial strength position us well to deliver valuable service to our customers.
We have extended our geographic reach and expanded our program management and network planning services. In fact, over the last several years we believe we have meaningfully increased the long-term value of our maintenance and operations business, a trend which we believe will parallel our deployment of gigabit wireline direct and wireless/wireline converged networks as those deployments dramatically increase the amount of outside plant network that must be extended and maintained.
This quarter we experienced solid activity and capitalized on our significant strengths. First and foremost, we maintain significant customer presence throughout our markets. We are encouraged by the breadth in our business. Our extensive market presence has allowed us to be at the forefront of evolving industry opportunities. Telephone companies are deploying fiber-to-the-home to enable gigabit high-speed connections. Increasingly, rural electric utilities are doing the same. Dramatically increased speeds to consumers are being provisioned and consumer data usage is growing, particularly upstream. Wireless construction activity in support of newly available spectrum bands is increasing this year. Federal and state support for rural deployments of communications networks is dramatically increasing in scale and duration. Cable operators are deploying fiber to small and medium businesses and enterprises. A portion of these deployments are in anticipation of the customer sales process. Deployments to expand capacity as well as new build opportunities are underway. Customers are consolidating supply chains creating opportunities for market share growth and increasing the long-term value of our maintenance and operations business.
The cyclical nature of the industry we serve affects demand for our services. The capital expenditure and maintenance budgets of our customers, and the related timing of approvals and seasonal spending patterns, influence our contract revenues and results of operations. Factors affecting our customers and their capital expenditure budgets include, but are not limited to, overall economic conditions, the introduction of new technologies, our customers’ debt levels and capital structures, our customers’ financial performance, our customers’ positioning and strategic plans, and any potential effects from the COVID-19 pandemic. Other factors that may affect our customers and their capital expenditure budgets include new regulations or regulatory actions impacting our customers’ businesses, merger or acquisition activity involving our customers, and the physical maintenance needs of our customers’ infrastructure.
Our operations expose us to risks associated with pandemics, epidemics or other public health emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The economy of the United States continues to be impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, the response to COVID-19 by businesses and governmental agencies, and the impacts that COVID-19 has had and continues to have on supply chains.
As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve, we are closely monitoring its impact on all aspects of our business, including impacts on our customers, subcontractors, suppliers, vendors and employees, in addition to its impact on our ability to provide services to our customers. We believe the full extent of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company's operating results, cash flow and financial condition will be determined by factors which are uncertain, unpredictable and outside of our control, including the duration and severity of the pandemic, any worsening of the pandemic, the effectiveness of vaccinations or prior infection to protect against infection or a subsequent infection, the severity of impacts to the health of infected persons, the nature and duration of the containment and mitigation actions taken by federal, state and local governments and protocols and contractual requirements implemented by our customers, and the resulting impact on the demand for our services from our customers. In addition, the ability of our employees and our suppliers’ and customers’ employees to work may be significantly impacted by individuals contracting or being exposed to COVID-19, or as a result of the control measures noted above. Our customers may be directly impacted by business curtailments or weak market conditions and may not be willing to continue using the services we provide. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic may cause delays in our provision of services due to interruptions or restrictions in our ability to obtain permits from government agencies and as a result of constraints to the availability of labor, supplies, and equipment. The situation surrounding COVID-19 remains fluid, and if disruptions do arise, they could materially adversely impact our business. For further discussion of this matter, refer to Part I. Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2022.
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Customer Relationships and Contractual Arrangements
We have established relationships with many leading telecommunications providers, including telephone companies, cable multiple system operators, wireless carriers, telecommunications equipment and infrastructure providers, as well as electric and gas utilities. Our customer base is highly concentrated, with our top five customers during the nine months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021 accounting for approximately 67.0% and 66.0%, respectively, of our total contract revenues.
The following reflects the percentage of total contract revenues from customers who contributed at least 2.5% to our total contract revenues during the three and nine months ended October 29, 2022 or October 30, 2021:

| For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Nine Months Ended |
| October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |  | October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |
AT&T Inc. | 24.8% |  | 23.4% |  | 26.0% |  | 22.5% |
Lumen Technologies | 13.6% |  | 12.1% |  | 12.9% |  | 12.0% |
Comcast Corporation | 10.4% |  | 14.2% |  | 11.5% |  | 15.8% |
Verizon Communications Inc. | 9.1% |  | 10.9% |  | 8.9% |  | 11.6% |
Frontier Communications Corporation | 8.5% |  | 4.8% |  | 7.8% |  | 4.2% |
Windstream Corporation | 2.1% |  | 3.2% |  | 2.3% |  | 3.6% |

In addition, another customer contributed 3.4% and 4.1% to our total contract revenues during the three months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021, respectively. During the nine months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021 this customer contributed 3.5% and 3.6%, respectively.
We perform a majority of our services under master service agreements and other contracts that contain customer-specified service requirements. These agreements include discrete pricing for individual tasks. We generally possess multiple agreements with each of our significant customers. To the extent that such agreements specify exclusivity, there are often exceptions, including the ability of the customer to issue work orders valued above a specified dollar amount to other service providers, the performance of work with the customer’s own employees, and the use of other service providers when jointly placing facilities with another utility. In many cases, a customer may terminate an agreement for convenience. Historically, multi-year master service agreements have been awarded primarily through a competitive bidding process; however, we occasionally are able to negotiate extensions to these agreements. We provide the remainder of our services pursuant to contracts for specific projects. These contracts may be long-term (with terms greater than one year) or short-term (with terms less than one year) and often include customary retainage provisions under which the customer may withhold 5% to 10% of the invoiced amounts pending project completion and closeout.
The following table summarizes our contract revenues from multi-year master service agreements and other long-term contracts, as a percentage of contract revenues:

| For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Nine Months Ended |
| October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |  | October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |
Multi-year master service agreements | 79.6 | % |  | 76.6 | % |  | 79.4 | % |  | 76.5 | % |
Other long-term contracts | 9.8 |  |  | 13.1 |  |  | 10.8 |  |  | 13.9 |  |
Total long-term contracts | 89.4 | % |  | 89.7 | % |  | 90.2 | % |  | 90.4 | % |

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our condensed consolidated financial statements. These statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). In conformity with GAAP, the preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in these condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates and assumptions require the use of judgment as to the likelihood of various future outcomes and, as a result, actual results could differ materially from these estimates. There have been no material changes to our significant accounting policies and critical accounting estimates described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2022.
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Understanding Our Results of Operations
The following information is presented so that the reader may better understand certain factors impacting our results of operations and should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates within Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, as well as Note 2, Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates, in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2022.
The Company uses a 52/53 week fiscal year ending on the last Saturday in January. Fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2023 each consist of 52 weeks of operations. The next 53 week fiscal period will occur in the fiscal year ending January 31, 2026.
Contract Revenues. We perform the majority of our services under master service agreements and other contracts that contain customer-specified service requirements. These agreements include discrete pricing for individual tasks including, for example, the placement of underground or aerial fiber, directional boring, and fiber splicing, each based on a specific unit of measure. A contractual agreement exists when each party involved approves and commits to the agreement, the rights of the parties and payment terms are identified, the agreement has commercial substance, and collectability of consideration is probable. Our services are performed for the sole benefit of our customers, whereby the assets being created or maintained are controlled by the customer and the services we perform do not have alternative benefits for us. Contract revenue is recognized over time as services are performed and customers simultaneously receive and consume the benefits we provide. Output measures such as units delivered are utilized to assess progress against specific contractual performance obligations for the majority of our services. The selection of the method to measure progress towards completion requires judgment and is based on the nature of the services to be provided. For us, the output method using units delivered best represents the measure of progress against the performance obligations incorporated within the contractual agreements. This method captures the amount of units delivered pursuant to contracts and is used only when our performance does not produce significant amounts of work in process prior to complete satisfaction of the performance obligation. For a portion of contract items, units to be completed consist of multiple tasks. For these items, the transaction price is allocated to each task based on relative standalone measurements, such as selling prices for similar tasks, or in the alternative, the cost to perform the tasks. This revenue is recognized as these tasks are completed as a measurement of progress in the satisfaction of the corresponding performance obligation, and represented approximately 3% and approximately 5% of contract revenues during the nine months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021, respectively.
For certain contracts, representing less than 5% of contract revenues during each of the nine months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021, we use the cost-to-cost measure of progress. These contracts are generally projects that are completed over a period of less than twelve months. Under the cost-to-cost measure of progress, the extent of progress toward completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs. Contract costs include direct labor, direct materials, and subcontractor costs, as well as an allocation of indirect costs. Contract revenues are recorded as costs are incurred. We accrue the entire amount of a contract loss, if any, at the time the loss is determined to be probable and can be reasonably estimated.
Costs of Earned Revenues. Costs of earned revenues includes all direct costs of providing services under our contracts, including costs for direct labor provided by employees, services by independent subcontractors, operation of capital equipment (excluding depreciation), direct materials, costs of insuring our risks, and other direct costs. Under our insurance program, we retain the risk of loss, up to certain limits, for matters related to automobile liability, general liability (including damages associated with underground facility locating services), workers’ compensation, and employee group health.
General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses primarily consist of employee compensation and related expenses, including performance-based compensation and stock-based compensation, legal, consulting and professional fees, information technology and development costs, provision for or recoveries of bad debt expense, acquisition and integration costs of businesses acquired, and other costs not directly related to the provision of our services under customer contracts. Our provision for bad debt expense is determined by evaluating specific accounts receivable and contract asset balances based on historical collection trends, the age of outstanding receivables, and the creditworthiness of our customers. We incur information technology and development costs primarily to support and enhance our operating efficiency. Our executive management team and the senior management of our subsidiaries perform substantially all of our sales and marketing functions as part of their management responsibilities.
Depreciation and Amortization. Our property and equipment primarily consist of vehicles, equipment and machinery, and computer hardware and software. We depreciate property and equipment on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. In addition, we have intangible assets, including customer relationships and trade names, which we amortize over
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their estimated useful lives. We recognize amortization of customer relationship intangibles on an accelerated basis as a function of the expected economic benefit and amortization of other finite-lived intangibles on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful life.
Interest Expense, Net. Interest expense, net, consists of interest incurred on outstanding variable rate and fixed rate debt and certain other obligations. Interest expense also includes the amortization of debt issuance costs and the non-cash amortization of convertible senior notes debt discount prior to the maturity in fiscal 2022. See Note 13, Debt, in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements for information on the non-cash amortization of the debt discount and debt issuance costs.
Other Income, Net. Other income, net, primarily consists of gains or losses from sales of fixed assets. Other income, net also includes discount fee expense associated with the collection of accounts receivable under a customer-sponsored vendor payment program.
Seasonality and Fluctuations in Operating Results. Our contract revenues and results of operations exhibit seasonality as we perform a significant portion of our work outdoors. Consequently, adverse weather, which is more likely to occur with greater frequency, severity, and duration during the winter, as well as reduced daylight hours, impact our operations during the fiscal quarters ending in January and April. In addition, a disproportionate number of holidays fall within the fiscal quarter ending in January, which decreases the number of available workdays. Because of these factors, we are most likely to experience reduced revenue and profitability during the fiscal quarters ending in January and April compared to the fiscal quarters ending in July and October.
We may also experience variations in our profitability driven by a number of factors. These factors include variations and fluctuations in contract revenues, job specific costs, insurance claims, the allowance for doubtful accounts, accruals for contingencies, stock-based compensation expense for performance-based stock awards, the fair value of reporting units for the goodwill impairment analysis, the valuation of intangibles and other long-lived assets, gains or losses on the sale of fixed assets from the timing and levels of capital assets sold, the employer portion of payroll taxes as a result of reaching statutory limits, and our effective tax rate.
Accordingly, operating results for any fiscal period are not necessarily indicative of results we may achieve for any subsequent fiscal period.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth our condensed consolidated statements of operations for the periods indicated. Percentages represent the result of dividing each item by contract revenues (totals may not add due to rounding) (dollars in millions):

| For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Nine Months Ended |
| October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |  | October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |
Contract revenues | $ | 1,042.4 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 854.0 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 2,891.0 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 2,369.0 |  |  | 100.0 | % |
Expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Costs of earned revenues, excluding depreciation and amortization | 850.9 |  |  | 81.6 |  |  | 705.9 |  |  | 82.7 |  |  | 2,394.6 |  |  | 82.8 |  |  | 1,977.2 |  |  | 83.5 |  |
General and administrative | 78.8 |  |  | 7.6 |  |  | 66.9 |  |  | 7.8 |  |  | 221.5 |  |  | 7.7 |  |  | 198.6 |  |  | 8.4 |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 35.5 |  |  | 3.4 |  |  | 37.8 |  |  | 4.4 |  |  | 107.4 |  |  | 3.7 |  |  | 115.3 |  |  | 4.9 |  |
Total | 965.1 |  |  | 92.6 |  |  | 810.5 |  |  | 94.9 |  |  | 2,723.6 |  |  | 94.2 |  |  | 2,291.2 |  |  | 96.7 |  |
Interest expense, net | (10.6) |  |  | (1.0) |  |  | (9.1) |  |  | (1.1) |  |  | (29.1) |  |  | (1.0) |  |  | (24.3) |  |  | (1.0) |  |
Loss on debt extinguishment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (0.1) |  |  | — |  |
Other income, net | 2.5 |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | 0.6 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | 9.9 |  |  | 0.3 |  |  | 4.3 |  |  | 0.2 |  |
Income before income taxes | 69.2 |  |  | 6.6 |  |  | 34.9 |  |  | 4.1 |  |  | 148.2 |  |  | 5.1 |  |  | 57.7 |  |  | 2.4 |  |
Provision for income taxes | 15.1 |  |  | 1.5 |  |  | 6.2 |  |  | 0.7 |  |  | 30.8 |  |  | 1.1 |  |  | 9.9 |  |  | 0.4 |  |
Net income | $ | 54.0 |  |  | 5.2 | % |  | $ | 28.7 |  |  | 3.4 | % |  | $ | 117.4 |  |  | 4.1 | % |  | $ | 47.8 |  |  | 2.0 | % |

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Contract Revenues. Contract revenues were $1,042.4 million during the three months ended October 29, 2022 compared to $854.0 million during the three months ended October 30, 2021. There were no acquired revenues or significant revenues from storm restoration services in the current or prior year quarter.
Contract revenues increased by $188.4 million during the three months ended October 29, 2022 compared to the three months ended October 30, 2021. Contract revenues increased by $58.7 million for a large telecommunications customer for fiber deployments and improvements to its network and by $47.6 million and $39.9 million, respectively, for two telecommunications customer primarily for fiber deployments. Contract revenues decreased by $12.1 million from a leading cable multiple system operator for construction and maintenance services. In addition, contract revenues decreased by $5.7 million for a telecommunications customer in connection with rural services. All other customers had net increases in contract revenues of $60.0 million on a combined basis during the three months ended October 29, 2022 compared to the three months ended October 30, 2021.
The percentage of our contract revenues by customer type from telecommunications, underground facility locating, and electric and gas utilities and other customers, was 90.3%, 6.9%, and 2.8%, respectively, for the three months ended October 29, 2022 compared to 88.8%, 7.9%, and 3.3%, respectively, for the three months ended October 30, 2021.
Contract revenues were $2.891 billion during the nine months ended October 29, 2022 compared to $2.369 billion during the nine months ended October 30, 2021. We earned $3.9 million of contract revenues from storm restoration services during the nine months ended October 30, 2021. There were no significant revenues from storm restoration services in fiscal 2023 and there were no acquired revenues during either nine month period.
Excluding amounts generated from storm restoration services in the prior year period, contract revenues increased by $525.8 million during the nine months ended October 29, 2022 compared to the nine months ended October 30, 2021. Contract revenues increased by approximately $219.1 million for a large telecommunications customer for fiber deployments and for improvements to its network and by $126.5 million and $89.4 million, respectively, for two telecommunications customers primarily for fiber deployments. Partially offsetting these increases, contract revenues decreased by $41.5 million from a leading cable multiple system operator for construction and maintenance services, $18.9 million for a large telecommunications customer primarily related to fiber deployments, and by $16.4 million for a telecommunications customer in connection with rural services. All other customers had net increases in contract revenues of $167.7 million on a combined basis during the nine months ended October 29, 2022 compared to the nine months ended October 30, 2021.
The percentage of our contract revenues by customer type from telecommunications, underground facility locating, and electric and gas utilities and other customers, was 89.6%, 7.4%, and 3.0%, respectively, for the nine months ended October 29, 2022 compared to 88.4%, 8.4%, and 3.2%, respectively, for the nine months ended October 30, 2021.
Costs of Earned Revenues. Costs of earned revenues increased to $850.9 million, or 81.6% of contract revenues, during the three months ended October 29, 2022 compared to $705.9 million, or 82.7% of contract revenues, during the three months ended October 30, 2021. The primary components of the increase were a $108.0 million aggregate increase in direct labor and subcontractor costs, a $10.4 million increase in equipment and fuel costs combined, a $11.3 million increase in direct materials expense, and a $15.3 million increase in other direct costs, including travel cost, permits and other operating expenses.
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Costs of earned revenues as a percentage of contract revenues decreased 1.0% during the three months ended October 29, 2022 compared to the three months ended October 30, 2021. Labor and subcontracted labor costs decreased 1.3% primarily due to the mix of work performed. Direct materials decreased 0.2%, primarily as a result of our mix of work in which we provide materials for our customers, and other direct costs increased 0.3% during the three months ended October 29, 2022. Equipment and fuel costs combined increased 0.2% as a percentage of contract revenues resulting from an increase in fuel prices.
Costs of earned revenues increased to $2.395 billion, or 82.8% of contract revenues, during the nine months ended October 29, 2022 compared to $1.977 billion, or 83.5% of contract revenues, during the nine months ended October 30, 2021. The primary components of the increase were a $316.9 million aggregate increase in direct labor and subcontractor costs, a $35.6 million increase in equipment and fuel costs combined, a $32.3 million increase in direct materials expense and a $32.5 million increase in other direct costs, including other operating and insurance claim expenses.
Costs of earned revenues as a percentage of contract revenues decreased 0.6% during the nine months ended October 29, 2022 compared to the nine months ended October 30, 2021. As a percentage of contract revenues, labor and subcontracted labor costs decreased 0.7% and other direct costs decreased 0.1% primarily due to the mix of work performed. Direct material decreased 0.2%, primarily as a result of our mix of work in which we provide materials for our customers. During the nine months ended October 29, 2022, equipment and fuel costs combined increased 0.4% as a percentage of contract revenues resulting from an increase in fuel prices, partially offset by lower equipment costs.
General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses increased to $78.8 million, or 7.6% of contract revenues, during the three months ended October 29, 2022 compared to $66.9 million, or 7.8% of contract revenues, during the three months ended October 30, 2021. The increase in total general and administrative expenses during the three months ended October 29, 2022 primarily resulted from an increase in stock-based and performance compensation, bad debt expense, administrative, payroll and other costs.
General and administrative expenses increased to $221.5 million, or 7.7% of contract revenues, during the nine months ended October 29, 2022 compared to $198.6 million, or 8.4% of contract revenues, during the nine months ended October 30, 2021. The increase in total general and administrative expenses during the nine months ended October 29, 2022 is mainly attributable to an increase in stock-based and performance compensation, administrative, payroll and other costs, partially offset by a decrease in bad debt expense.
Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation expense was $31.6 million, or 3.0% of contract revenues, during the three months ended October 29, 2022 compared to $33.7 million, or 3.9% of contract revenues, during the three months ended October 30, 2021. The decrease in depreciation expense during the three months ended October 29, 2022 is primarily due to certain assets becoming fully depreciated and the timing of capital expenditures. Depreciation expense was $95.7 million, or 3.3% of contract revenues, during the nine months ended October 29, 2022 compared to $101.8 million, or 4.3% of contract revenues, during the nine months ended October 30, 2021. The decrease in depreciation expense during the nine months ended October 29, 2022 is primarily due to certain assets becoming fully depreciated and the timing of capital expenditures.
Amortization expense was $3.9 million and $4.1 million during the three months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021, respectively, and $11.7 million and $13.5 million during the nine months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021
Interest Expense, Net. Interest expense, net was $10.6 million and $9.1 million during the three months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021. Prior year interest expense included $0.3 million for the non-cash amortization of the debt discount associated with 0.75% convertible senior notes, which matured on September 15, 2021 (the “2021 Convertible Notes”). Excluding this amortization, interest expense, net increased to $10.6 million during the three months ended October 29, 2022 from $8.8 million during the three months ended October 30, 2021 as a result of higher interest rates on funded debt balances.
Interest expense, net was $29.1 million and $24.3 million during the nine months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021, respectively. Prior year interest expense included $1.7 million for the non-cash amortization of the debt discount associated with the 2021 Convertible Notes. Excluding this amortization, interest expense, net increased to $29.1 million during the nine months ended October 29, 2022 from $22.7 million during the nine months ended October 30, 2021 as a result of higher interest rates of funded debt balances.
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Other Income, Net. Other income, net was $2.5 million and $0.6 million during the three months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021, respectively, and $9.9 million and $4.3 million during the nine months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021, respectively. Gain on sale of fixed assets was $5.1 million and $0.4 million during the three months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021, respectively, and $14.0 million and $4.3 million during the nine months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021, respectively. The change in other income, net is primarily a function of the number of assets sold and prices obtained for those assets during each respective period. Other income, net also reflects $3.3 million and $0.4 million of expense during the three months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021 respectively, and $5.7 million and $1.3 million during the nine months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021 respectively, associated with the non-recourse sale of accounts receivable under a customer-sponsored vendor payment program.
Income Taxes. The following table presents our income tax provision and effective income tax rate for the three and nine months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021 (dollars in millions):

| For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Nine Months Ended |
| October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |  | October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |
Income tax provision | $ | 15.1 |  |  | $ | 6.2 |  |  | $ | 30.8 |  |  | $ | 9.9 |  |
Effective income tax rate | 21.9 | % |  | 17.7 | % |  | 20.8 | % |  | 17.2 | % |

Our effective income tax rate was 21.9% and 17.7% for the three months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021, respectively, and 20.8% and 17.2% for the nine months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021, respectively.The effective tax rate differs from the statutory rate primarily due to tax credits recognized, the impact of the vesting and exercise of share-based awards, and the difference in income tax rates from state to state where work was performed. The three and nine months ended October 29, 2022, includes approximately $1.8 million and $3.4 million, respectively, for tax benefits for credits related to tax filings for prior years. Additionally, the three and nine months ended October 30, 2021, includes approximately $3.0 million for incremental tax benefits for credits related to tax filings for prior periods. Other fluctuations in our effective income tax rate from the statutory rate each period are mainly attributable to changes in unrecognized tax benefits, tax law changes, and variances in non-deductible and non-taxable items.
During the first quarter of fiscal 2023, we were notified by the Internal Revenue Service that our federal income tax return for fiscal 2016 was selected for examination due to the net operating loss carryback claim filed in fiscal 2021. In addition, fiscal year 2020 was selected for examination in the second quarter of fiscal 2022. We believe our provision for income taxes is adequate; however, any assessment may affect our results of operations and cash flows.
Net Income. Net income was $54.0 million for the three months ended October 29, 2022 compared to $28.7 million for the three months ended October 30, 2021. Net income was $117.4 million for the nine months ended October 29, 2022 compared to $47.8 million for the nine months ended October 30, 2021.
Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA is a Non-GAAP measure, as defined by Regulation G of the SEC. We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, gain on sale of fixed assets, stock-based compensation expense, and certain non-recurring items. Management believes Adjusted EBITDA is a helpful measure for comparing the Company’s operating performance with prior periods as well as with the performance of other companies with different capital structures or tax rates. The following table provides a reconciliation of net income to Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA (dollars in thousands):
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| For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Nine Months Ended |
| October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |  | October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021 |
Net income | $ | 54,012 |  |  | $ | 28,717 |  |  | $ | 117,404 |  |  | $ | 47,780 |  |
Interest expense, net | 10,592 |  |  | 9,132 |  |  | 29,057 |  |  | 24,343 |  |
Provision for income taxes | 15,144 |  |  | 6,158 |  |  | 30,835 |  |  | 9,930 |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 35,454 |  |  | 37,766 |  |  | 107,436 |  |  | 115,307 |  |
Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation & Amortization (“EBITDA”) | 115,202 |  |  | 81,773 |  |  | 284,732 |  |  | 197,360 |  |
Gain on sale of fixed assets | (5,135) |  |  | (415) |  |  | (13,991) |  |  | (4,259) |  |
Stock-based compensation expense | 4,515 |  |  | 1,789 |  |  | 12,273 |  |  | 7,838 |  |
Loss on debt extinguishment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 62 |  |
Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 114,582 |  |  | $ | 83,147 |  |  | $ | 283,014 |  |  | $ | 201,001 |  |
Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA % of contract revenues | 11.0 | % |  | 9.7 | % |  | 9.8 | % |  | 8.5 | % |

Liquidity and Capital Resources
We are subject to concentrations of credit risk relating primarily to our cash and equivalents, accounts receivable, and contract assets. Cash and equivalents primarily include balances on deposit with banks and totaled $65.3 million as of October 29, 2022 compared to $310.8 million as of January 29, 2022. We maintain our cash and equivalents at financial institutions we believe to be of high credit quality. To date, we have not experienced any loss or lack of access to cash in our operating accounts.
Sources of Cash. Our sources of cash are operating activities, long-term debt, equity offerings, bank borrowings, proceeds from the sale of idle and surplus equipment and real property, and stock option proceeds. Cash flow from operations is primarily influenced by demand for our services and operating margins, but can also be influenced by working capital needs associated with the services that we provide. In particular, working capital needs may increase when we have growth in operations and where project costs, primarily associated with labor, subcontractors, equipment, and materials, are required to be paid before the related customer balances owed to us are invoiced and collected. Our working capital (total current assets less total current liabilities, excluding the current portion of debt) was $1,059.4 million as of October 29, 2022 compared to $991.8 million as of January 29, 2022.
Capital resources are used primarily to purchase equipment and maintain sufficient levels of working capital to support our contractual commitments to customers. We periodically borrow from and repay our revolving credit facility depending on our cash requirements. We currently intend to retain any earnings for use in the business and other capital allocation strategies which may include share repurchases, investment in acquisitions, and extinguishment of debt. Consequently, we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future.
Our level of capital expenditures can vary depending on the customer demand for our services, the replacement cycle we select for our equipment, and overall growth. We intend to fund these expenditures primarily from operating cash flows, availability under our credit agreement and cash on hand. We expect capital expenditures, net of disposals, to range
from $165.0 million to $175.0 million during fiscal 2023 to support growth opportunities and replacement of certain fleet assets.
Sufficiency of Capital Resources. We believe that our capital resources, including existing cash balances and amounts available under our Credit Agreement, are sufficient to meet our financial obligations. These obligations include interest payments required on the $500 million aggregate principal amount of 4.50% senior notes due 2029 (the “2029 Notes”) and outstanding term loan facility and revolver borrowings, if any, under our Credit Agreement, working capital requirements, and the normal replacement of equipment at our expected level of operations for at least the next 12 months. Our capital requirements may increase to the extent we seek to grow by acquisitions that involve consideration other than our stock, experience difficulty or delays in collecting amounts owed to us by our customers, increase our working capital in connection with new or existing customer programs, or to the extent we repurchase our common stock, or repay credit agreement borrowings. Changes in financial markets or other components of the economy could adversely impact our ability to access the capital markets, in which case we would expect to rely on a combination of available cash and our credit agreement to provide short-term funding. Management regularly monitors the financial markets and assesses general economic conditions for
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possible impact on our financial position. We believe our cash investment policies are prudent and expect that any volatility in the capital markets would not have a material impact on our cash investments.
Net Cash Flows. The following table presents our net cash flows for the nine months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021 (dollars in millions):

| For the Nine Months Ended
| October 29, 2022 |  | October 30, 2021
Net cash flows: |  |  |
(Used in) provided by operating activities | $ | (81.5) |  |  | $ | 163.1 |
Used in investing activities | $ | (121.3) |  |  | $ | (108.3) |
(Used in) provided by financing activities | $ | (42.7) |  |  | $ | 197.1 |

Cash (Used in) Provided by Operating Activities. Depreciation and amortization, non-cash lease expense, stock-based compensation, amortization of debt issuance costs, deferred income taxes, gain on sale of fixed assets and provision for bad debt were the primary non-cash items in cash flows from operating activities during the current and prior periods.
During the nine months ended October 29, 2022, net cash used in operating activities was $81.5 million. Changes in working capital (excluding cash) and changes in other long-term assets and liabilities used $336.4 million of operating cash flow during the nine months ended October 29, 2022. Changes that used operating cash flow during the nine months ended October 29, 2022 included an increase in accounts receivable, other current assets and inventories, and contract assets, net of $350.7 million, $37.8 million, and $32.9 million respectively. Changes that provided operating cash flow during the nine months ended October 29, 2022 included an increase in accounts payable of $42.1 million and a net increase in income taxes payable of $22.1 million. In addition, changes that provided operating cash flow included a decrease in other assets of $4.2 million and an increase in accrued liabilities of $16.5 million.
Days sales outstanding (“DSO”) is calculated based on the ending balance of total current accounts receivable (including unbilled accounts receivable), net of the allowance for doubtful accounts, and current contract assets, net of contract liabilities, divided by the average daily revenue for the most recently completed quarter. Long-term contract assets are excluded from the calculation of DSO, as these amounts represent payments made to customers pursuant to long-term agreements and are recognized as a reduction of contract revenues over the period for which the related services are provided to the customers. Including these balances in DSO is not meaningful to the average time to collect accounts receivable and current contract asset balances. Our DSO was 112 days as of October 29, 2022 compared to 113 as of October 30, 2021.
See Note 5, Accounts Receivable, Contract Assets, and Contract Liabilities, for further information on our customer credit concentration as of October 29, 2022 and January 29, 2022 and Note 18, Customer Concentration and Revenue Information, for further information on our significant customers. We believe that none of our significant customers were experiencing financial difficulties that would materially impact the collectability of our total accounts receivable and contract assets, net as of October 29, 2022 or January 29, 2022.
During the nine months ended October 30, 2021, net cash generated from operating activities was $163.1 million. Changes in working capital (excluding cash) and changes in other long-term assets and liabilities used $42.9 million of operating cash flow during the nine months ended October 30, 2021. Changes that used operating cash flow during the nine months ended October 30, 2021 included a decrease in accrued liabilities of $21.6 million and an increase in accounts receivable, income tax receivable and other current assets and inventories of $104.5 million, $12.2 million and $7.5 million, respectively, each primarily as a result of the timing of payments. Working capital changes that provided operating cash flow during the nine months ended October 30, 2021 included a decrease in contract assets, net of $86.3 million and other assets of $3.4 million and an increase in accounts payable of $13.2 million.
Cash Used in Investing Activities. Net cash used in investing activities was $121.3 million during the nine months ended October 29, 2022 compared to $108.3 million during the nine months ended October 30, 2021. During the nine months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021, capital expenditures were $135.8 million and $113.5 million, respectively. Capital expenditures increased during the nine months ended October 29, 2022, primarily as a result of spending for new work opportunities and the replacement of certain fleet assets. These expenditures were offset in part by proceeds from the sale of assets of $14.5 million and $5.2 million during the nine months ended October 29, 2022 and October 30, 2021, respectively.
Cash (Used in) Provided by Financing Activities. Net cash used in financing activities was $42.7 million during the nine months ended October 29, 2022. We repurchased 304,030 shares of our common stock in open market transactions, at an
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average price of $93.85 per share, for $28.5 million, during the nine months ended October 29, 2022. We also paid $5.6 million to tax authorities in order to meet the payroll tax withholding obligations on restricted share units that vested during the nine months ended October 29, 2022. In addition, we used approximately $13.1 million to repay term loan borrowings under our Credit Agreement. This was partially offset by the exercise of stock options, which provided $4.6 million during the nine months ended October 29, 2022.
Net cash provided by financing activities was $197.1 million during the nine months ended October 30, 2021. The primary source of cash provided by financing activities during the nine months ended October 30, 2021 was the $500.0 million principal amount of 4.50% senior notes due 2029 (the “2029 Notes”) issued in a private placement in April 2021. During the nine months ended October 30, 2021, we paid approximately $11.6 million in issuance costs and third party fees and expenses related to our financing transactions. We used $105.0 million of the proceeds of the 2029 Notes offering to repay outstanding borrowings under the revolving portion of our Credit Agreement and approximately $71.9 million to repay term loan borrowings under our Credit Agreement. During the nine months ended October 30, 2021, we repurchased 631,638 shares of our common stock in open market transactions, at an average price of $79.16 per share, for $50.0 million. The exercise of stock options provided $0.4 million during the nine months ended October 30, 2021 and we paid $6.5 million to tax authorities in order to meet the payroll tax withholding obligations on restricted share units that vested during the nine months ended October 30, 2021.
Compliance with Credit Agreement. On April 1, 2021, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries amended its credit agreement, dated as of October 19, 2018, with the various lenders party thereto and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent (the “Credit Agreement”) to among other things, decrease the maximum revolver commitment to $650.0 million from $750.0 million and decrease the term loan facility to $350.0 million from $416.3 million. The Credit Agreement includes a $200.0 million sublimit for the issuance of letters of credit and a $50.0 million sublimit for swingline loans. As part of the amendment, the maturity date of the Credit Agreement was extended to April 1, 2026.
Subject to certain conditions, the Credit Agreement provides us with the ability to enter into one or more incremental facilities either by increasing the revolving commitments under the Credit Agreement and/or by establishing one or more additional term loans, up to the sum of (i) $350.0 million and (ii) an aggregate amount such that, after giving effect to such incremental facilities on a pro forma basis (assuming that the amount of the incremental commitments are fully drawn and funded), the consolidated senior secured net leverage ratio does not exceed 2.25 to 1.00. The consolidated senior secured net leverage ratio is the ratio of our consolidated senior secured indebtedness reduced by unrestricted cash and equivalents in excess of $25.0 million to our trailing twelve-month consolidated earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization, as defined by the Credit Agreement (“EBITDA”). Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are guaranteed by substantially all of our domestic subsidiaries and secured by 100% of the equity interests of our direct and indirect domestic subsidiaries and 65% of the voting equity interests and 100% of the non-voting interests of our first-tier foreign subsidiaries (subject to customary exceptions).
Under our Credit Agreement, borrowings bear interest at the rates described below based upon our consolidated net leverage ratio, which is the ratio of our consolidated total funded debt reduced by unrestricted cash and equivalents in excess of $25.0 million to our trailing twelve-month consolidated EBITDA, as defined by our Credit Agreement. In addition, we incur certain fees for unused balances and letters of credit at the rates described below, also based upon our consolidated net leverage ratio.

Borrowings - Eurodollar Rate Loans | 1.25% - 2.00% plus LIBOR(1)
Borrowings - Base Rate Loans | 0.25% - 1.00% plus Base rate(2)
Unused Revolver Commitment | 0.20% - 0.40%
Standby Letters of Credit | 1.25% - 2.00%
Commercial Letters of Credit | 0.625% - 1.000%

(1) To address the transition in financial markets away from LIBOR, the Credit Agreement includes provisions related to the replacement of LIBOR with a LIBOR Successor Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement), which may be a rate based on the secured overnight financing rate published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
(2) Base rate is described in our Credit Agreement as the highest of (i) the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.50%, (ii) the administrative agent’s prime rate, and (iii) the Eurodollar rate plus 1.00% and, if such rate is less than zero, such rate shall be deemed zero.
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Standby letters of credit of approximately $47.5 million and $46.3 million, issued as part of our insurance program, were outstanding under the Credit Agreement as of October 29, 2022 and January 29, 2022, respectively.
The weighted average interest rates and fees for balances under our Credit Agreement as of October 29, 2022 and January 29, 2022 were as follows:

| Weighted Average Rate End of Period
| October 29, 2022 |  | January 29, 2022
Borrowings - Term loan facility | 5.16% |  | 1.86%
Borrowings - Revolving facility(1) | —% |  | —%
Standby Letters of Credit | 1.75% |  | 1.63%
Unused Revolver Commitment | 0.35% |  | 0.30%

(1) There were no outstanding borrowings under our revolving facility as of October 29, 2022 and January 29, 2022.
The Credit Agreement contains a financial covenant that requires us to maintain a consolidated net leverage ratio of not greater than 3.50 to 1.00, as measured at the end of each fiscal quarter, and provides for certain increases to this ratio in connection with permitted acquisitions. The agreement also contains a financial covenant that requires us to maintain a consolidated interest coverage ratio, which is the ratio of our trailing twelve-month consolidated EBITDA to our consolidated interest expense, each as defined by the Credit Agreement, of not less than 3.00 to 1.00, as measured at the end of each fiscal quarter. At October 29, 2022 and January 29, 2022, we were in compliance with the financial covenants of our Credit Agreement and had borrowing availability under the revolving facility of $419.2 million and $326.3 million, respectively, as determined by the most restrictive covenant. For calculation purposes, applicable cash on hand is netted against the funded debt amount as permitted in the Credit Agreement.
The indenture governing the 2029 Notes contains certain covenants that limit, among other things, our ability and the ability of certain of our subsidiaries to (i) incur additional debt and issue certain preferred stock, (ii) pay certain dividends on, repurchase, or make distributions in respect of, our and our Subsidiaries’ capital stock or make other payments restricted by the indenture, (iii) enter into agreements that place limitations on distributions made from certain of our subsidiaries, (iv) guarantee certain debt, (v) make certain investments, (vi) sell or exchange certain assets, (vii) enter into transactions with affiliates, (viii) create certain liens, and (ix) consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of our or our Subsidiaries’ assets. These
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covenants are subject to a number of exceptions, limitations and qualifications as set forth in the indenture governing the 2029 Notes.
Contractual Obligations. The following table sets forth our outstanding contractual obligations as of October 29, 2022 (dollars in thousands):

| Less than 1 Year |  | Years 1 – 3 |  | Years 3 – 5 |  | Greater than 5 Years |  | Total
2029 Notes | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 500,000 |  |  | $ | 500,000 |
Credit agreement – revolving facility | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Credit agreement – term loan facility | 17,500 |  |  | 35,000 |  |  | 284,375 |  |  | — |  |  | 336,875 |
Fixed interest payments on long-term debt(1) | 22,500 |  |  | 45,000 |  |  | 45,000 |  |  | 33,750 |  |  | 146,250 |
Obligations under long-term operating leases(2) | 29,749 |  |  | 35,676 |  |  | 7,951 |  |  | 894 |  |  | 74,270 |
Obligations under short-term operating leases(3) | 1,575 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,575 |
Employment agreements | 26,686 |  |  | 4,857 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 31,543 |
Deferral of tax payments(4) | 17,046 |  |  | 44 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 17,090 |
Purchase and other contractual obligations(5) | 99,625 |  |  | 23,241 |  |  | 2,017 |  |  | — |  |  | 124,883 |
Total | $ | 214,681 |  |  | $ | 143,818 |  |  | $ | 339,343 |  |  | $ | 534,644 |  |  | $ | 1,232,486 |

(1) Includes interest payments on our $500.0 million principal amount of 2029 Notes outstanding, and excludes interest payments on our variable rate debt. Variable rate debt as of October 29, 2022 consisted of $336.9 million outstanding under our term loan facility.
(2)Amounts represent undiscounted lease obligations under long-term operating leases and exclude long-term operating leases that have not yet commenced of $0.2 million as of October 29, 2022.
(3)Amounts represent lease obligations under short-term operating leases that are not recorded on our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of October 29, 2022.
(4) During 2020, the U.S. federal government enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the CARES Act), which provided for various tax relief and tax incentive measures. These measures did not have a material impact on our results of operations. However, pursuant to the CARES Act, we deferred the payment of $37.4 million of employer payroll taxes during the year ended December 31, 2020, 50% of which was paid by December 31, 2021 and the remainder is due by December 31, 2022.
(5) We have committed capital for the expansion of our vehicle fleet in order to accommodate manufacturer lead times. As of October 29, 2022, purchase and other contractual obligations includes approximately $82.5 million for issued orders with delivery dates scheduled to occur over the next 12 months.
We have excluded contractual obligations under the multi-employer defined pension plans that cover certain of our employees, as these obligations are determined based on our future union employee payrolls, which cannot be reliably determined as of October 29, 2022.
Our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of October 29, 2022 includes a long-term liability of approximately $48.7 million for accrued insurance claims. This liability has been excluded from the table above as the timing of payments is uncertain.
The liability for unrecognized tax benefits for uncertain tax positions was approximately $14.0 million and $11.9 million as of October 29, 2022 and January 29, 2022, respectively, and is included in other liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. This amount has been excluded from the contractual obligations table because we are unable to reasonably estimate the timing of the resolution of the underlying tax positions with the relevant tax authorities.
Performance and Payment Bonds and Guarantees. We have obligations under performance and other surety contract bonds related to certain of our customer contracts. Performance bonds generally provide a customer with the right to obtain payment and/or performance from the issuer of the bond if we fail to perform our contractual obligations. As of October 29, 2022 and January 29, 2022 we had $289.0 million and $296.4 million of outstanding performance and other surety contract bonds,
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respectively. The estimated cost to complete projects secured by our outstanding performance and other surety contract bonds was approximately $95.1 million as of October 29, 2022. In addition to performance and other surety contract bonds, as part of our insurance program we also provide surety bonds that collateralize our obligations to our insurance carriers. As of October 29, 2022 and January 29, 2022, we had $20.4 million and $20.3 million, respectively, of outstanding surety bonds related to our insurance obligations. Additionally, we periodically guarantee certain obligations of our subsidiaries, including obligations in connection with obtaining state contractor licenses and leasing real property and equipment.
Letters of Credit. We have standby letters of credit issued under our Credit Agreement as part of our insurance program. These letters of credit collateralize obligations to our insurance carriers in connection with the settlement of potential claims. In connection with these collateral obligations, we had $47.5 million and $46.3 million outstanding standby letters of credit issued under our Credit Agreement as of October 29, 2022 and January 29, 2022, respectively.
Backlog. Our backlog is an estimate of the uncompleted portion of services to be performed under contractual agreements with our customers and totaled $6.116 billion and $5.822 billion at October 29, 2022 and January 29, 2022, respectively. We expect to complete 53.6% of the October 29, 2022 total backlog during the next twelve months. Our backlog represents an estimate of services to be performed pursuant to master service agreements and other contractual agreements over the terms of those contracts. These estimates are based on contract terms and evaluations regarding the timing of the services to be provided. In the case of master service agreements, backlog is estimated based on the work performed in the preceding twelve month period, when available. When estimating backlog for newly initiated master service agreements and other long and short-term contracts, we also consider the anticipated scope of the contract and information received from the customer during the procurement process. A significant majority of our backlog comprises services under master service agreements and other long-term contracts.
In many instances, our customers are not contractually committed to procure specific volumes of services under a contract. Contract revenue estimates reflected in our backlog can be subject to change due to a number of factors, including contract cancellations or changes in the amount of work we expect to be performed at the time the estimate of backlog is developed. In addition, contract revenues reflected in our backlog may be realized in different periods from those previously reported due to these factors as well as project accelerations or delays due to various reasons, including, but not limited to, changes in customer spending priorities, scheduling changes, commercial issues such as permitting, engineering revisions, job site conditions, adverse weather, and the potential adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. The amount or timing of our backlog can also be impacted by the merger or acquisition activity of our customers. Many of our contracts may be cancelled by our customers, or work previously awarded to us pursuant to these contracts may be cancelled, regardless of whether or not we are in default. The amount of backlog related to uncompleted projects in which a provision for estimated losses was recorded is not material.
Backlog is not a measure defined by GAAP; however, it is a common measurement used in our industry. Our methodology for determining backlog may not be comparable to the methodologies used by others.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Interest Rate and Market Price Risk. We are exposed to market risks related to interest rates on our cash and equivalents and interest rates and market price sensitivity on our debt obligations. We monitor the effects of market fluctuations on interest rates and manage interest rate risks by investing in short-term cash equivalents that bear market rates of interest and by maintaining a mix of fixed and variable rate debt obligations.
Our Credit Agreement permits borrowings at a variable rate of interest. On October 29, 2022, we had variable rate debt outstanding under our Credit Agreement of $336.9 million under our term loan facility. Interest related to these borrowings fluctuates based on LIBOR or the administrative agent’s base rate. The administrative agent's base rate is described in the Credit Agreement as the highest of (i) the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.50%, (ii) the administrative agent's prime rate, and (iii) the Eurodollar rate plus 1.00% and, if such rate is less than zero, such rate shall be deemed zero. At the current level of borrowings, for every 50 basis point change in the interest rate, interest expense associated with such borrowings would correspondingly change by approximately $1.7 million annually.
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On April 1, 2021, we issued $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.50% senior notes due 2029 (the “2029 Notes”). The 2029 Notes are guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis, jointly and severally, by all of our domestic subsidiaries that guarantee the Credit Agreement.
The fair value of the fixed rate 2029 Notes will change with changes in market interest rates. Generally, the fair value of the fixed rate 2029 Notes will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as interest rates rise. The following table summarizes the carrying amount and fair value of the 2029 Notes, net of debt issuance costs. The fair value of the 2029 Notes is based on the closing trading price per $100 of the 2029 Notes as of the last day of trading (Level 2), which was $87.25 and $97.50 as of October 29, 2022 and January 29, 2022, respectively (dollars in thousands):

| October 29, 2022 |  | January 29, 2022
Principal amount of 2029 Notes | $ | 500,000 |  |  | $ | 500,000 |
Less: Debt issuance costs | (5,965) |  |  | (6,687) |
Net carrying amount of 2029 Notes | $ | 494,035 |  |  | $ | 493,313 |

| October 29, 2022 |  | January 29, 2022
Fair value of principal amount of 2029 Notes | $ | 436,250 |  |  | $ | 487,500 |
Less: Debt issuance costs | (5,965) |  |  | (6,687) |
Fair value of 2029 Notes | $ | 430,285 |  |  | $ | 480,813 |

A hypothetical 50 basis point change in the market interest rates in effect would result in an increase or decrease in the fair value of the 2029 Notes of approximately $13.6 million, calculated on a discounted cash flow basis as of October 29, 2022.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company carried out an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)) as of October 29, 2022, the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of
October 29, 2022, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is (1) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and (2) accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, in a manner that allows timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the Company’s most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
Refer to Note 19, Commitments and Contingencies, in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
Our business is subject to a variety of risks and uncertainties. These risks are described elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or our other filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, including Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 29, 2022. The risks identified in such reports have not changed in any material respect.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
(a) During the three months ended October 29, 2022, the Company did not sell any equity securities that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933.
(b) Not applicable.
(c) The following table summarizes the Company’s purchase of its common stock during the three months ended
October 29, 2022:

Period |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased (1) |  | Average Price Paid Per Share |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs |  | Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
July 31, 2022 - August 27, 2022 |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  | (2)
August 28, 2022 - September 24, 2022 |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  | (2)
September 25, 2022 - October 29, 2022 |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  | (2)

(1) All shares repurchased have been subsequently canceled
(2) Repurchases of Common Stock. On March 2, 2022 the Company announced that its Board of Directors had authorized a new $150 million program to repurchase shares of the Company’s outstanding common stock through August 2023 in open market or private transactions. The new authorization replaces the remaining $43.9 million that was available under the prior authorization. During the third quarter of fiscal 2023, the Company did not repurchase any shares of its own common stock. As of October 29, 2022, $121.5 million of the authorization was available for repurchases.
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Item 6. Exhibits.
Exhibits furnished pursuant to the requirements of Form 10-Q:

Exhibit Number
31.1 + | Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2 + | Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1 ++ | Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2 ++ | Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
10.1* | Employment Agreement by and between Dycom Industries, Inc. and Jason T. Lawson, dated as of October 10, 2022 (incorporated by reference to Dycom Industries, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 11, 2022).
101 + | The following materials from the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended October 29, 2022, formatted in Inline XBRL: (i) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets; (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations; (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income; (iv) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity; (v) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (vi) the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
104 + | The cover page from the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended October 29, 2022, formatted in Inline XBRL (included as Exhibit 101)
* | Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
+ | Filed herewith
++ | Furnished herewith

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

|  |  | DYCOM INDUSTRIES, INC.
|  |  | Registrant
Date: | November 23, 2022 |  | /s/ Steven E. Nielsen
|  |  | Name: Title: | Steven E. Nielsen President and Chief Executive Officer
Date: | November 23, 2022 |  | /s/ H. Andrew DeFerrari
|  |  | Name: Title: | H. Andrew DeFerrari Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

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