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Subsidiaries and Joint Ventures With Noncontrolling Owners' Interests
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]  
Subsidiaries and Joint Ventures With Noncontrolling Owners' Interests
4.
Subsidiaries and Joint Ventures with Noncontrolling Owners’ Interests
 
The amended agreements, as described in Note 4 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in the 2016 Form 10-K, resulted in an obligation to purchase Mr. Buenting’s and Mr. Myers’ 50% members’ interest that the Company is certain to incur, either because of Mr. Buenting’s or Mr. Myers’ death; therefore, the Company has classified the noncontrolling interest as mandatorily redeemable and has recorded a liability in “Members’ interest subject to mandatory redemption and undistributed earnings” on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. In addition, all undistributed earnings at the time of the noncontrolling owners' death or permanent total disability are also mandatorily payable. In the event of either Mr. Buenting’s or Mr. Myers’ death, the Company has purchased death and permanent total disability insurance of $40.0 million to mitigate the Company’s cash draw if such events were to occur. The liability consists of the following (amounts in thousands): 
 
 
September 30,
2017
 
December 31,
2016
Members’ interest subject to mandatory redemption
 
$
40,000

 
$
40,000

Net accumulated earnings
 
6,329

 
5,230

Total liability
 
$
46,329

 
$
45,230


Earnings, which were included in net accumulated earnings and represent 50% of total earnings, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 were $4.5 million and $7.0 million, respectively, and were $3.4 million and $7.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016. These amounts were included in “other operating expense, net” on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations. 
Changes in Noncontrolling Interests
The following table summarizes the changes in the noncontrolling owners’ interests in subsidiaries and construction joint ventures (amounts in thousands): 
 
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
 
2017
 
2016
Balance, beginning of period
 
$
656

 
$
(91
)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest included in equity
 
2,966

 
1,252

Distributions to noncontrolling interest owners
 

 

Balance, end of period
 
$
3,622

 
$
1,161


 
The increase in net income attributable to noncontrolling interest included in equity is due to the Company’s addition of a Rocky Mountain region majority-owned construction joint venture which was not ongoing during the same prior year period.