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Acquisition | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2022
Business Combinations [Abstract] |
Acquisition | 4) Acquisitions Atotech On August 17, 2022 (the “Effective Date”), the Company completed the Atotech Acquisition, through the acquisition of the entire issued share capital of Atotech by Atotech Manufacturing, Inc. (“Bidco”), a Delaware corporation and indirect wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. The Atotech Acquisition was implemented by means of a scheme of arrangement under the laws of Jersey (the “Scheme”) pursuant to the definitive agreement entered into by the Company and Atotech on July 1, 2021, as amended by the Letter Agreement dated October 29, 2021 by and among the Company, Atotech and Bidco, and as further amended by the Amendment to the Implementation Agreement dated April 1, 2022 by and among the Company, Atotech and Bidco (together, the “Implementation Agreement”). Atotech, which the Company operates as MSD, develops leading process and manufacturing technologies for advanced surface modification, electroless and electrolytic plating, and surface finishing. Applying a comprehensive systems-and-solutions approach, Atotech's portfolio includes chemistry, equipment, software, and services for innovative and high-technology applications in a wide variety of end markets. Atotech further broadens the Company's capabilities by bringing leadership in critical chemistry solutions for electronics and packaging and specialty industrial applications. On the Effective Date, pursuant to the Scheme and in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Implementation Agreement, Bidco acquired each issued and outstanding ordinary share of Atotech in exchange for per share consideration of $16.20 in cash and 0.0552 of a share of Company common stock. The Company funded the payment of the aggregate cash consideration with a combination of cash on hand and the proceeds from the New Term Loan Facility, as defined in Note 14. As a result of the Atotech Acquisition, the Company issued an aggregate of 10.7 shares of Company common stock to the former Atotech shareholders. The purchase price of Atotech consisted of the following:
Cash consideration to Atotech stockholders, net |  | $ | 2,886 |
Value of MKS shares issued |  |  | 1,186 |
Repayment of Atotech debt(1) |  |  | 1,545 |
Settlement of Atotech share-based awards(2) |  |  | 47 |
Total purchase price, net of cash and cash equivalents acquired |  | $ | 5,664 |
(1) Represents the cash paid for the outstanding principal of Atotech's senior secured term loans. (2) Represents the amount paid to the holders of Atotech options that became fully vested on the Effective Date and the fair value of vested but unissued Atotech share-based awards. Under the acquisition method of accounting, the total purchase price is allocated to the estimated acquired tangible and intangible assets and assumed liabilities of Atotech based on their fair values as of the Effective Date, except for contract assets and liabilities, which remain at book value in accordance with ASC Topic 606. Any excess of the acquisition consideration over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is allocated to goodwill and none of this goodwill or intangible assets will be deductible for tax purposes. The Company believes the amount of goodwill relative to identifiable intangible assets relates to several factors, including (1) broadening its position in key industrial end markets to offer complementary solutions, and (2) leveraging component and systems expertise to provide robust solutions to meet its customers’ evolving technology needs. The following table summarizes the allocation of the purchase price to the preliminary fair values assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the Effective Date:
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 238 |
Trade accounts receivable |  |  | 283 |
Inventories |  |  | 244 |
Other current assets |  |  | 104 |
Property, plant and equipment |  |  | 381 |
Intangible assets |  |  | 2,726 |
Goodwill |  |  | 3,064 |
Other assets |  |  | 131 |
Total assets acquired |  |  | 7,171 |
Accounts payable |  |  | 194 |
Other current liabilities |  |  | 166 |
Non-current deferred taxes |  |  | 729 |
Non-current accrued compensation |  |  | 99 |
Other non-current liabilities |  |  | 81 |
Total liabilities assumed |  |  | 1,269 |
Fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed |  |  | 5,902 |
Less: Cash and cash equivalents acquired |  |  | (238 | )
Total purchase price, net of cash and cash equivalents acquired |  | $ | 5,664 |
The allocation of purchase consideration to the estimated acquired tangible and intangible assets and assumed liabilities of Atotech is preliminary and subject to change during the measurement period. While the Company uses its best estimates and assumptions as part of the purchase price allocation process to value the assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the Effective Date, its estimates and assumptions are subject to refinement. The fair value of the acquired intangible assets was determined using the income approach. In performing these valuations, the key underlying assumptions used included the appropriate discount rates as well as forecasted revenue growth rates, gross profit and operating expenses. Fair value estimates are based on a complex series of judgments about future events and uncertainties and rely heavily on estimates and assumptions. The judgments used to determine the estimated fair value assigned to each class of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as well as asset lives, can materially impact the Company's results of operations. The finalization of the purchase accounting assessment may result in a change in the valuation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed and may have a material impact on the Company's results of operations and financial position. As a result, during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the Effective Date, the Company records adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with a corresponding offset to goodwill to reflect additional information received about facts and circumstances which existed at the Effective Date. The Company records adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed subsequent to the purchase price allocation period in the Company's operating results in the period in which the adjustments are determined. The preliminary valuations were based on the information that was available through the filing date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K that existed as of the Effective Date and the expectations and assumptions that have been deemed reasonable by the Company's management. The size and breadth of the Atotech Acquisition may necessitate the use of this one-year measurement period to adequately analyze and assess a number of the factors used in establishing the fair value of certain tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the Effective Date and the related tax impacts of any changes made. The Company is still evaluating the tax impact of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Any potential adjustments made could be material in relation to the preliminary values presented above. The following table reflects the preliminary allocation of the acquired intangible assets and related estimate of useful lives at the Effective Date:
Customer relationships |  | $ | 1,756 |  |  | 11-14 years
Completed technology |  |  | 595 |  |  | 8-9 years
Trade names |  |  | 145 |  |  | 16 years
Backlog |  |  | 40 |  |  | 1.5 years
In-process research and development |  |  | 190 |  |  |
|  | $ | 2,726 |  |  |
The acquired intangible assets are being amortized on a straight-line basis, which approximates the economic use of the assets over their estimated useful lives. Upon completion of the related projects, we expect the in-process research and development intangible asset to be amortized over its estimated useful live of eight to nine years. The results of this acquisition were included in the Company's consolidated statement of operations beginning on August 17, 2022. The Atotech business constitutes the Company's MSD reportable segment (see Note 20). The net loss of MSD since the Effective Date was not material. During the year ended 2022, the Company recognized acquisition and integration costs of $52, substantially all of which related to the Atotech Acquisition. During the fourth quarter of 2022, the Company recorded adjustments to balances reported as of, and for the period ended, September 30, 2022, resulting from foreign currency translation of the preliminary allocation of intangible assets and goodwill from the Atotech Acquisition in August 2022 and the related effect on cumulative translation adjustment and deferred tax liabilities. The adjustments recorded were to correct an overstatement of goodwill of $43, intangible assets, net of $56, and non-current deferred tax liabilities of $38, and an understatement of accumulated other comprehensive income and other comprehensive income of $61. These adjustments that the Company recorded did not affect net income, earnings per share or the statement of cash flows. The Company assessed these adjustments in accordance with SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 99 and SAB No. 108 and determined they were not material to the interim financial statements taken as a whole. Pro Forma Results The following unaudited pro forma financial information presents the combined results of operations of the Company as if the Atotech Acquisition had occurred on January 1, 2021. The unaudited pro forma financial information is not necessarily indicative of what the Company's consolidated results of operations actually would have been had the acquisition occurred on the assumed date. In addition, the unaudited pro forma financial information does not attempt to project the future results of operations of the combined Company.
|  | Years Ended December 31, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Total net revenues |  | $ | 4,450 |  |  | $ | 4,450 |
Net income |  | $ | 197 |  |  | $ | 292 |
The unaudited pro forma information for the year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 give effect primarily to the following: • Applying the Company's accounting policies; • Incremental interest expense related to the New Term Loan Facility; • Incremental amortization of acquired intangible assets related to the estimated fair value from the purchase price allocation; • The exclusion of inventory step-up amortization in 2022 and the addition of this amortization to 2021; • Incremental depreciation of acquired property, plant and equipment related to the estimated fair value from the purchase price allocation; • Incremental compensation expense for share-based compensation arrangements; and • The estimated tax impact of the above adjustments. Photon Control On July 15, 2021, the Company completed its acquisition of Photon Control Inc. (“Photon Control”), a Canadian corporation (the “Photon Control Acquisition”), pursuant to a definitive agreement (the “Arrangement Agreement”). Photon Control designs, manufactures and distributes a wide range of optical sensors and systems to measure temperature and position used in semiconductor wafer fabrication. At the effective time of the Photon Control Acquisition and pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Arrangement Agreement, each share of Photon Control’s common stock issued and outstanding as of immediately prior to the effective time of the Photon Control Acquisition, was converted into the right to receive CAD 3.60 per share in cash, without interest and subject to deduction for any required withholding tax. The Company funded the payment of the aggregate consideration with available cash on hand. Photon Control is included in the Company’s PSD segment. The purchase price of Photon Control consisted of the following:
Cash paid for outstanding shares |  | $ | 302 |
Less: Cash and cash equivalents acquired |  |  | (34 | )
Total purchase price, net of cash and cash equivalents acquired |  | $ | 268 |
Under the acquisition method of accounting, the total estimated acquisition consideration is allocated to the acquired tangible and intangible assets and assumed liabilities of Photon Control based on their fair values as of the acquisition date. Any excess of the acquisition consideration over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is allocated to goodwill. The Company expects that none of such goodwill or intangible assets will be deductible for tax purposes. The Company believes the amount of goodwill relative to identifiable intangible assets relates to enhancing the Company’s Surround the Wafer® offering by adding optical sensors for temperature control for critical etch and deposition applications in semiconductor wafer fabrication. The following table summarizes the allocation of the purchase price to the fair values assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of the Photon Control Acquisition:
Current assets |  | $ | 51 |
Intangible assets |  |  | 121 |
Goodwill |  |  | 168 |
Other non-current assets |  |  | 9 |
Total assets acquired |  |  | 349 |
Current liabilities |  |  | 14 |
Non-current deferred taxes |  |  | 32 |
Other non-current liabilities |  |  | 1 |
Total liabilities assumed |  |  | 47 |
Fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed |  |  | 302 |
Less: Cash and cash equivalents acquired |  |  | (34 | )
Total purchase price, net of cash and cash equivalents acquired |  | $ | 268 |
The acquired intangible assets are being amortized on a straight-line basis, which approximates the economic use of the assets over their estimated useful lives. The following table reflects the allocation of the acquired intangible assets and related estimate of useful lives:
Completed technology |  | $ | 110 |  |  | 9 years
Customer relationships |  |  | 9 |  |  | 10 years
Backlog |  |  | 2 |  |  | 1.5 years
|  | $ | 121 |  |  |
The fair value of the acquired intangible assets was determined using the income approach. In performing these valuations, the key underlying assumptions used included the appropriate discount rates as well as forecasted revenue growth rates, gross profit and operating expenses. Fair value estimates are based on complex series of judgments about future events and uncertainties and rely heavily on estimates and assumptions. The valuations were based on the information that was available as of the acquisition date and the expectations and assumptions that have been deemed reasonable by the Company’s management. There are inherent uncertainties and management judgment required in these determinations. This acquisition resulted in a purchase price that exceeded the estimated fair value of tangible and intangible assets, the excess amount of which was allocated to goodwill. The results of operations of the Photon Control business from the Photon Control Acquisition closing date of July 15, 2021 through December 31, 2021, were not material to the Company's results of operations. The acquisition was also not material to the Company’s results of operations, for the periods presented, on a pro forma basis.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for a business combination (or series of individually immaterial business combinations) completed during the period, including background, timing, and recognized assets and liabilities. The disclosure may include leverage buyout transactions (as applicable). + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 805 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2303972 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 805 -SubTopic 20 -Section 50 -Paragraph 5 -Subparagraph (b) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=128092470&loc=d3e4946-128472 + Details
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