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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 3 Months Ended | 6 Months Ended
--- | --- | ---
Jul. 31, 2023 | Jul. 31, 2022 | Jul. 31, 2023 | Jul. 31, 2022
OPERATING ACTIVITIES |  |  |  |
Net income | $ 28,116 | $ 22,902 | $ 57,469 | $ 46,017
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |
Depreciation | 1,363 | 1,301 | 2,628 | 2,546
Amortization of intangible assets | 15,484 | 16,086 | 30,158 | 31,134
Stock-based compensation expense | 4,451 | 3,736 | 7,370 | 6,523
Other non-cash operating activities | (148) | 68 | 72 | 51
Deferred tax expense (recovery) | (1,869) | 1,324 | (1,061) | 3,838
Changes in operating assets and liabilities | 4,614 | 982 | 4,230 | 722
Cash provided by operating activities | 52,011 | 46,399 | 100,866 | 90,831
INVESTING ACTIVITIES |  |  |  |
Additions to property and equipment | (2,180) | (1,786) | (3,383) | (3,422)
Acquisition of subsidiaries, net of cash acquired |  | (61,096) | (142,700) | (103,988)
Cash used in investing activities | (2,180) | (62,882) | (146,083) | (107,410)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES |  |  |  |
Payment of debt issuance costs |  |  | (39) | (66)
Issuance of common shares for cash, net of issuance costs | 566 | 111 | 6,021 | 499
Payment of withholding taxes on net share settlements |  |  | (4,886) |
Payment of contingent consideration | (6,320) | (5,215) | (6,320) | (5,215)
Cash used in financing activities | (5,754) | (5,104) | (5,224) | (4,782)
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash | 1,145 | (1,162) | 1,465 | (3,046)
Increase (decrease) in cash | 45,222 | (22,749) | (48,976) | (24,407)
Cash, beginning of period | 182,187 | 211,779 | 276,385 | 213,437
Cash, end of period | 227,409 | 189,030 | 227,409 | 189,030
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: |  |  |  |
Cash paid during the period for income taxes | $ 14,352 | $ 3,709 | $ 22,570 | $ 7,803

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- Definition Amount of cash outflow, not made soon after acquisition date of business combination, to settle contingent consideration liability up to amount recognized at acquisition date, including, but not limited to, measurement period adjustment and less amount paid soon after acquisition date. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 45 -Paragraph 15 -Subparagraph (f) -SubTopic 10 -Topic 230 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-15 + Details
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- Definition The cash outflow paid to third parties in connection with debt origination, which will be amortized over the remaining maturity period of the associated long-term debt. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 230 -SubTopic 10 -Section 45 -Paragraph 15 -Subparagraph (e) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-15 + Details
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- Definition Amount of cash outflow to satisfy grantee's tax withholding obligation for award under share-based payment arrangement. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 230 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 45 -Paragraph 15 -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-15 + Details
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- Definition The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of business during the period. The cash portion only of the acquisition price. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 805 -SubTopic 30 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (b)(1) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479581/805-30-50-1 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 230 -SubTopic 10 -Section 45 -Paragraph 13 -Subparagraph (b) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-13 + Details
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- Definition The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of long-lived, physical assets that are used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale; includes cash outflows to pay for construction of self-constructed assets. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Topic 230 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 45 -Paragraph 13 -Subparagraph (c) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-13 + Details
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- Definition The cash inflow from the additional capital contribution to the entity. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 45 -Paragraph 14 -Subparagraph (a) -SubTopic 10 -Topic 230 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-14 + Details
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- Definition Amount of noncash expense for share-based payment arrangement. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 45 -Paragraph 28 -Subparagraph (a) -SubTopic 10 -Topic 230 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28 + Details
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- References No definition available. + Details
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