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Derivative Instruments
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Derivative Instrument Detail [Abstract]  
Derivative Instruments Derivative Instruments
The notional amounts of the Company’s derivative instruments are shown in the table below. These contractual amounts, along with other terms of the derivative, are used to determine amounts to be exchanged between counterparties and are not a measure of loss exposure. With the exception of the interest rate floors (discussed below), the Company's derivative instruments are accounted for as free-standing derivatives, and changes in their fair value are recorded in current earnings.
    December 31
(In thousands)20202019
Interest rate swaps$2,367,017 $2,606,181 
Interest rate floors 1,500,000 
Interest rate caps103,028 59,316 
Credit risk participation agreements381,170 316,225 
Foreign exchange contracts7,431 10,936 
Mortgage loan commitments67,543 13,755 
Mortgage loan forward sale contracts 1,943 
Forward TBA contracts89,000 17,500 
Total notional amount$3,015,189 $4,525,856 

The largest group of notional amounts relate to interest rate swap contracts sold to commercial customers who wish to modify their interest rate sensitivity. The customers are engaged in a variety of businesses, including real estate, manufacturing, retail product distribution, education, and retirement communities. These customer swaps are offset by matching contracts purchased by the Company from other financial dealer institutions. Contracts with dealers that require central clearing are novated to a clearing agency who becomes the Company's counterparty. Because of the matching terms of the offsetting contracts, in addition to collateral provisions which mitigate the impact of non-performance risk, changes in fair value subsequent to initial recognition have a minimal effect on earnings.

Many of the Company’s interest rate swap contracts with large financial institutions contain contingent features relating to debt ratings or capitalization levels. Under these provisions, if the Company’s debt rating falls below investment grade or if the Company ceases to be “well-capitalized” under risk-based capital guidelines, certain counterparties can require immediate and ongoing collateralization on interest rate swaps in net liability positions or instant settlement of the contracts. The Company maintains debt ratings and capital well above these minimum requirements.

During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company monetized three interest rate floors that were previously classified as cash flow hedges with a combined notional balance of $1.5 billion and an asset fair value of $163.2 million. As of December 31, 2020, the total unrealized gains on the monetized cash flow hedges remaining in AOCI was $123.6 million (pre-tax). The unrealized gains will be reclassified into interest income as the underlying forecasted transactions impact earnings through the original maturity dates of the hedged forecasted transactions, or approximately 6.0 years.

The Company also contracts with other financial institutions, as a guarantor or beneficiary, to share credit risk associated with certain interest rate swaps through risk participation agreements. The Company’s risks and responsibilities as guarantor are further discussed in Note 21 on Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees. In addition, the Company enters into foreign exchange contracts, which are mainly comprised of contracts to purchase or deliver foreign currencies for customers at specific future dates.
    
Under its program to sell residential mortgage loans in the secondary market, the Company designates certain newly-originated residential mortgage loans as held for sale. Derivative instruments arising from this activity include mortgage loan commitments and forward loan sale contracts. Changes in the fair values of the loan commitments and funded loans prior to sale that are due to changes in interest rates are economically hedged with forward contracts to sell residential mortgage-backed securities in the to-be-announced (TBA) market. These forward TBA contracts are also considered to be derivatives and are settled in cash at the security settlement date.
The fair values of the Company’s derivative instruments, whose notional amounts are listed above, are shown in the table below. Information about the valuation methods used to determine fair value is provided in Note 17 on Fair Value Measurements.

The Company's policy is to present its derivative assets and derivative liabilities on a gross basis in its consolidated balance sheets and these are reported in other assets and other liabilities. Certain collateral posted to and from the Company's clearing counterparty has been offset against the fair values of cleared swaps, such that at December 31, 2020 in the table below, there were no reductions to the positive fair values of cleared swaps and the negative fair values of cleared swaps were reduced by $69.2 million. At December 31, 2019, the positive fair values of cleared swaps were reduced by $617 thousand and the negative fair values of cleared swaps were reduced by $28.5 million.     
    
Asset DerivativesLiability Derivatives
December 31December 31
2020201920202019
(In thousands)    
Fair Value
Fair Value
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate floors$ $67,192 $ $— 
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments$ $67,192 $ $— 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate swaps$86,389 $37,774 $(17,199)$(9,916)
Interest rate caps1 4(1)(4)
Credit risk participation agreements216 140 (701)(230)
Foreign exchange contracts57 97 (103)(32)
Mortgage loan commitments3,226 459  — 
Mortgage loan forward sale contracts  (2)
Forward TBA contracts (671)(35)
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments$89,889 $38,482 $(18,675)$(10,219)
Total$89,889 $105,674 $(18,675)$(10,219)
The pre-tax effects of derivative instruments on the consolidated statements of income are shown in the tables below.




Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in OCI
Location of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into IncomeAmount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income
(In thousands)TotalIncluded ComponentExcluded Component(In thousands)TotalIncluded ComponentExcluded Component
For the Year Ended December 31, 2020
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships:
Interest rate floors$93,497 $120,140 $(26,643)Interest and fees on loans$10,319 $15,257 $(4,938)
Total$93,497 $120,140 $(26,643)Total$10,319 $15,257 $(4,938)
For the Year Ended December 31, 2019
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships:
Interest rate floors$27,481 $50,327 $(22,846)Interest and fees on loans$(3,793)$— $(3,793)
Total$27,481 $50,327 $(22,846)Total$(3,793)$— $(3,793)
For the Year Ended December 31, 2018
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships:
Interest rate floors$8,381 $— $8,381 Interest and fees on loans$(760)$— $(760)
Total$8,381 $— $8,381 Total$(760)$— $(760)


Location of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Income on DerivativeAmount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative


For the Years
Ended December 31
(In thousands)202020192018
Derivative instruments:
Interest rate swapsOther non-interest income$317 $4,732 $3,914 
Interest rate capsOther non-interest income20 — 11 
Credit risk participation agreementsOther non-interest income413 (16)150 
Foreign exchange contracts:Other non-interest income(111)53 31 
Mortgage loan commitmentsLoan fees and sales2,768 (77)(45)
Mortgage loan forward sale contractsLoan fees and sales(4)(3)
Forward TBA contractsLoan fees and sales(1,440)(837)414 
Total$1,963 $3,852 $4,480 
The following table shows the extent to which assets and liabilities relating to derivative instruments have been offset in the consolidated balance sheets. It also provides information about these instruments which are subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement, irrespective of whether they are offset, and the extent to which the instruments could potentially be offset. Also shown is collateral received or pledged in the form of other financial instruments, which is generally cash or marketable securities. The collateral amounts in this table are limited to the outstanding balances of the related asset or liability (after netting is applied); thus amounts of excess collateral are not shown. Most of the derivatives in the following table were transacted under master netting arrangements that contain a conditional right of offset, such as close-out netting, upon default.

While the Company is party to master netting arrangements with most of its swap derivative counterparties, the Company does not offset derivative assets and liabilities under these arrangements on its consolidated balance sheet. Collateral exchanged between the Company and dealer bank counterparties is generally subject to thresholds and transfer minimums, and usually consist of marketable securities. By contract, these may be sold or re-pledged by the secured party until recalled at a subsequent valuation date by the pledging party. For those swap transactions requiring central clearing, the Company posts cash or securities to its clearing agent. Collateral positions are valued daily, and adjustments to amounts received and pledged by the Company are made as appropriate to maintain proper collateralization for these transactions. Swap derivative transactions with customers are generally secured by rights to non-financial collateral, such as real and personal property, which is not shown in the table below.

Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Balance Sheet
(In thousands)Gross Amount RecognizedGross Amounts Offset in the Balance SheetNet Amounts Presented in the Balance SheetFinancial Instruments Available for OffsetCollateral Received/PledgedNet Amount
December 31, 2020
Assets:
Derivatives subject to master netting agreements$86,497 $ $86,497 $(108)$ $86,389 
Derivatives not subject to master netting agreements3,392  3,392 
Total derivatives$89,889 $ $89,889 
Liabilities:
Derivatives subject to master netting agreements$18,420 $ $18,420 $(108)$(16,738)$1,574 
Derivatives not subject to master netting agreements255  255 
Total derivatives$18,675 $ $18,675 
December 31, 2019
Assets:
Derivatives subject to master netting agreements$105,147 $— $105,147 $(8,104)$(59,525)$37,518 
Derivatives not subject to master netting agreements527 — 527 
Total derivatives$105,674 $— $105,674 
Liabilities:
Derivatives subject to master netting agreements$10,083 $— $10,083 $(8,104)$(437)$1,542 
Derivatives not subject to master netting agreements136 — 136 
Total derivatives$10,219 $— $10,219