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Basis of Presentation | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2025
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract] |
Basis of Presentation | Basis of Presentation Principles of Consolidation The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”). Investments in 50% or less owned entities are accounted for using either the cost or the equity method. All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated. Certain amounts in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of the prior year have been reclassified to conform to the fiscal 2025 presentation. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company also reclassified certain engineering costs related to the Company's digital efforts from research and development and engineering expense as well as selling expense to general and administrative expense. These reclassifications had no impact on the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity or Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow. Use of Estimates The preparation of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management believes that these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include all normal and recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation under GAAP. Effective January 1, 2025, the Company changed its method of computing depreciation of Machinery and Equipment from accelerated methods to a straight-line method. The Company determined that the change in depreciation method is considered change in accounting estimate affected by a change in accounting principle. Accordingly, a change in accounting estimate affected by a change in accounting principle was applied prospectively. The effect of the change to the straight-line method resulted in a reduction of $1.6 million in depreciation expense and an estimated $1.2 million increase in net income, or approximately $0.03 per basic and $0.03 per diluted share; for the three months ended September 30, 2025. The effect of the change for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 resulted in a reduction of $5.2 million in depreciation expense and an estimated $3.9 million increase in net income, or approximately $0.09 per basic and $0.09 per diluted share. Interim Reporting Period The accompanying unaudited quarterly Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP pursuant to the rules and regulations for reporting interim financial information and instructions on Form 10-Q. Accordingly, certain information and footnotes required by GAAP have been condensed or omitted. These interim statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 (the “2024 Form 10-K”). The unaudited quarterly Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements and, in the opinion of management, contain all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to state fairly the financial information set forth therein in accordance with GAAP. The year-end Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet data provided herein were derived from audited consolidated financial statements included in the 2024 Form 10-K, but do not include all disclosures required by GAAP. The Company’s quarterly results fluctuate. As a result, the results of operations for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any future periods. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company classifies investments that are highly liquid and have maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase as cash equivalents. Current Estimated Credit Loss - Allowance for doubtful accounts The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts receivable for estimated future expected credit losses resulting from customers' failure to make payments on its accounts receivable. The Company determines the estimate of the allowance for doubtful accounts receivable by considering several factors, including (1) specific information on the financial condition and the current creditworthiness of customers, (2) credit rating, (3) payment history and historical experience, (4) aging of the accounts receivable, and (5) reasonable and supportable forecasts about collectability. The Company also reserves 100% of the amounts deemed uncollectible due to a customer's deteriorating financial condition or bankruptcy. Every quarter, the Company evaluates the customer group using the accounts receivable aging report and its best judgment when considering changes in customers' credit ratings, level of delinquency, customers' historical payments and loss experience, current market and economic conditions, and expectations of future market and economic conditions. The changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts receivable for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 are outlined in the table below:
| December 31, 2024 |  | Expense (Deductions), net |  | Write-Offs 1 |  | September 30, 2025
Allowance for credit losses | $ | 2,998 |  |  | 1,772 |  |  | (130) |  |  | $ | 4,640 |
1 Amount is net of recoveries and the effect of foreign currency fluctuations. Fair Value of Financial Instruments Fair value is an exit price representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between unrelated market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that is determined based on assumptions that unrelated market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability. Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value are measured and classified under a three-tier fair valuation hierarchy based on the observability of the inputs available in the market: Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2 inputs are quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument; and Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs based on the Company’s assumptions used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value. The fair value hierarchy requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The carrying amounts of trade accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities and other current liabilities approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. The fair values of the Company's investments and liabilities in the deferred compensation plan are classified as Level 1 within the fair value hierarchy, and are subject to investment risks. The fair values of interest rate and foreign currency contracts are classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy. The fair values of the Company’s contingent consideration related to acquisitions is classified as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy, as these amounts are based on unobservable inputs such as management estimates and entity-specific assumptions and are evaluated on an ongoing basis. The following tables summarize the financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value for the Company as of September 30, 2025 and 2024:
| 2025 |  | 2024
(in thousands) | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents (1) | $ | 32,148 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 34,174 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Derivative instruments - assets (3) | — |  |  | 15,223 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 14,199 |  |  | — |
Investment in deferred compensation plan (4) | 1,317 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 896 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Term loan due 2027 (2) | — |  |  | 371,250 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 393,750 |  |  | — |
Revolver due 2027 (2) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 75,038 |  |  | — |
Derivative instruments - liabilities (3) | — |  |  | 87,461 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 30,059 |  |  | — |
Deferred compensation plan liabilities (4) | 5,620 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,053 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Contingent considerations | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,400 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,587 |
(1) The carrying amounts of cash equivalents, representing money market funds traded in an active market with relatively short maturities, are reported on the consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2025 and 2024 as a component of "Cash and cash equivalents". (2) The carrying amounts of our term loan and revolver approximate fair value as of September 30, 2025 based upon their terms and conditions in comparison to debt instruments with similar terms and conditions available on the same date. (3) Derivatives for interest rate, foreign exchange and forward swap contracts are discussed in Note 7. (4) Non-qualified deferred compensation plan. Derivative Instruments The Company uses derivative instruments as a risk management tool to mitigate the potential impact of certain market risks. Foreign currency and interest rate risk are the primary market risks the Company manages through the use of derivative instruments, which are accounted for as cash flow hedges or net investment hedges under the accounting standards and carried at fair value as other current or noncurrent assets or as other current or other long-term liabilities. Assets and liabilities with the legal right of offset are not offset in the consolidated balance sheets. Net deferred gains and losses related to changes in fair value of cash flow hedges are included in accumulated other comprehensive income/loss (“OCI”), a component of stockholders' equity, and are reclassified into the line item in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Earnings and Comprehensive Income in which the hedged items are recorded in the same period the hedged item affects earnings. The effective portion of gains and losses attributable to net investment hedges is recorded net of tax to OCI to offset the change in the carrying value of the net investment being hedged. Recognition in earnings of amounts previously recorded to OCI are limited to circumstances such as complete or substantially complete liquidation of the net investment in the hedged foreign operation. Changes in fair value of any derivatives that are determined to be ineffective are immediately reclassified from OCI into earnings. Deferred Compensation Plan The Company established a non-qualified deferred compensation plan ("DCP" or “the Plan”) in April 2023 for eligible employees and members of the Board of Directors. The Plan provides eligible participants the opportunity to defer and invest a specified percentage of their compensation, including the Company stock awards upon vesting. The Plan is a non-qualified plan that is informally funded by assets in a rabbi trust, which restricts the Company's use and access to the assets held but is subject to the claims of the Company's creditors in the event that the Company becomes insolvent. The amount of compensation to be deferred by participants are based on their own elections and are adjusted for any investment changes that the participants direct. This plan does not provide for employer contributions. The Plan permits diversification of vested shares (common stock) into other equity securities subject to a six-month holding period subsequent to vesting. Accounting for deferred common stock will be under either plan C or plan D. Accounting will depend on whether or not the employee has diversified the common stock. Under plan C, diversification is permitted but the employee has not diversified. Under plan D, diversification is permitted and the employee has diversified. For common stock that has not been diversified, the Company common stock held in the deferred compensation plan is classified in a manner similar to treasury stock and presented separately on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as Company's common stock held by the non-qualified deferred compensation plan. Common stock is recorded at fair value of the stock at the time it vested, subsequent changes in the value of the common stock is not recognized. The deferred compensation obligations are measured independently at fair value of the common stock with a corresponding charge or credit to compensation cost. Fair value is determined as the product of the common stock and the closing price of the stock each reporting period. Under plan D, assets held by the rabbi trust are subject to applicable GAAP. The deferred compensation obligation is measured independently at fair value of the underlying assets. Business Combinations and Asset Acquisitions Business combinations are accounted for under the acquisition method in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. The acquisition method requires identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed and any noncontrolling interest in the business acquired be recognized and measured at fair value on the acquisition date, which is the date that the acquirer obtains control of the acquired business. The amount by which the fair value of consideration transferred as the purchase price exceeds the net fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill. Acquisitions that do not meet the definition of a business under the ASC 805 are accounted for as an acquisition of assets, whereby all of the cost of the individual assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including certain transactions costs, are allocated on a relative fair value basis. Accordingly, goodwill is not recognized in an asset acquisition. Revenue Recognition Generally, the Company's revenue contract with a customer exists when (1) the goods are shipped, services are rendered, and the related invoice is generated, (2) the duration of the contract does not extend beyond the promised goods or services already transferred and (3) the transaction price of each distinct promised product or service specified in the invoice is based on its relative stated standalone selling price. The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control of a product to a customer at a point in time. The Company's shipping terms provide the primary indicator of the transfer of control. The Company's general shipping terms are Incoterm C.P.T. (F.O.B. shipping point), where the title, and risk and rewards of ownership transfer at the point when the products are no longer on the Company's premises. Other Incoterms are allowed as exceptions depending on the product or service being sold and the nature of the sale. The Company recognizes revenue based on the consideration specified in the invoice with a customer, excluding any sales incentives, discounts, and amounts collected on behalf of third parties (i.e., governmental tax authorities). Based on historical experience with the customer, the customer's purchasing pattern, and its significant experience selling products, the Company concluded that a significant reversal in the cumulative amount of revenue recognized would not occur when the uncertainty (if any) is resolved (that is, when the total amount of purchases is known). Contract liability is recorded when consideration is received from a customer and the Company has remaining unsatisfied performance obligations. The Company presents taxes collected and remitted to governmental authorities on a net basis in the consolidated statements of operations. Additionally, all taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction and collected from a customer (e.g., sales, use, value added, and some excise taxes) are excluded from revenue. Refer to Note 2 for additional information. Leases The Company has operating leases for certain facilities, equipment, autos and data centers. As an accounting policy for short-term leases, the Company elected to not recognize a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset and liability if, at the commencement date, the lease (1) has a term of 12 months or less and (2) does not include renewal and purchase options that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise. Monthly payments on short-term leases are recognized on a straight-line basis over the full lease term. Stock-Based Compensation The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense related to the estimated fair value of restricted stock awards on a straight-line basis, net of estimated forfeitures, over the requisite service period of the awards, which is generally the vesting term of three or four years. Stock-based compensation related to performance share grants are measured based on grant date fair value and expensed on a graded basis over the service period of the awards, which is generally a performance period of three years. The performance conditions are based on the Company's achievement of revenue growth and return on invested capital over the performance period, and are evaluated for the probability of vesting at the end of each reporting period with changes in expected results cumulatively recognized as an adjustment to expense. The assumptions used to calculate the fair value of restricted stock grants are evaluated and revised, as necessary, to reflect market conditions and the Company’s experience. Income Taxes Income taxes are calculated using an asset and liability approach. The provision for income taxes includes federal, state and foreign taxes currently payable, and deferred taxes due to temporary differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities. In addition, future tax benefits are recognized to the extent that realization of such benefits is more likely than not. This method gives consideration to the future tax consequences of the deferred income tax items and immediately recognizes changes in income tax laws in the year of enactment. The Company uses an estimated annual tax rate to measure the tax benefit or tax expense recognized in each interim period. Net Income Per Share Basic net income per common share is computed based on the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding. Potentially dilutive shares are included in the diluted per-share calculations using the treasury stock method for all periods when the effect of their inclusion is dilutive. Accounting Standard Adopted In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standard Update ("ASU") 2023-07, which aligns interim segment disclosure requirements with existing annual requirements and includes updates to segment reporting, most notably through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”). The Company adopted the ASU for annual disclosures for the year ended December 31, 2024, and interim disclosures beginning in the first quarter of 2025. The ASU is applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements, and it had no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Refer to Note 13 for more information. Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09 requiring enhanced income tax disclosures. The ASU requires disclosure of specific categories and disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation table. The ASU also requires disclosure of disaggregated information related to income taxes paid, income or loss from continuing operations before income tax expense or benefit, and income tax expense or benefit from continuing operations. The requirements of the ASU are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted and the amendments can be applied either on a prospective or a retrospective basis. The Company will adopt the ASU beginning with its fourth quarter ending December 31, 2025 and expects the application of this ASU will not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03 requiring public companies to disclose, in interim and annual reporting periods, additional information about certain expenses in the financial statements. The ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted and is effective on either a prospective basis or retrospective basis. The Company is currently assessing the potential impacts of adoption on the consolidated financial statements. In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05 that provides a practical expedient in developing forecasts as part of estimating expected credit losses. The amendment permits the Company to elect a practical expedient that assumes that current conditions as of the balance sheet date do not change for the remaining life of the asset. The ASU is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2025. Early adoption is permitted and is effective on a prospective basis. The Company is currently assessing the potential impacts of adoption on the consolidated financial statements. In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06 that removes all references to prescriptive and sequential software development stages throughout Subtopic 350-40. The amendment modernizes the guidance for internal-use software costs, including website development, by eliminating development stage requirements and introducing a probable-to-complete threshold for capitalization. The ASU is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted and is effective on either a prospective, modified or retrospective transition approach. The Company is currently assessing the potential impacts of adoption on the consolidated financial statements. The Company does not believe other new accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB that have not become effective will have a material impact on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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