We are exposed to market risk stemming from changes in commodity prices (primarily corn and natural gas), foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. In the normal course of business, we actively manage our exposure to these market risks by entering various hedging transactions authorized under established policies that place controls on these activities. These transactions utilize exchange-traded derivatives or over-the-counter derivatives with investment grade counterparties. We use derivative financial instruments that consist of commodity-related futures, options and swap contracts, foreign currency-related forward contracts, interest rate swaps and treasury locks (“T-Locks”).

Commodity price hedging: Our principal use of derivative financial instruments is to manage commodity price risk relating to anticipated purchases of corn and natural gas that we intend to use in the manufacturing process, generally over the next 12 to 24 months. We maintain a commodity-price risk management strategy that uses derivative instruments to minimize significant, unanticipated earnings fluctuations caused by commodity-price volatility. To manage price risk related to corn purchases primarily in North America, we use corn futures and option contracts that trade on regulated commodity exchanges to lock in corn costs associated with fixed-priced customer sales contracts. We use soybean oil and

soybean meal futures contracts in North America that trade on regulated commodity exchanges to hedge sales of our co-products. We also use over-the-counter natural gas swaps primarily in North America to hedge a portion of our natural gas usage. These derivative financial instruments limit the impact that volatility resulting from fluctuations in market prices will have on corn and natural gas purchases, as well as co-product sales. Our natural gas, soybean meal and the majority of our corn and soybean oil derivatives have been designated as cash flow hedging instruments.

For certain corn derivative instruments that are not designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes, all realized and unrealized gains and losses from these instruments are recognized in Cost of sales during each accounting period. We enter these derivative instruments to further mitigate commodity price risk related to anticipated purchases of corn. During 2022, 2021 and 2020, we recognized a $1 million gain, a $1 million loss and a $1 million gain, respectively, on non-designated commodity contracts.

For commodity hedges designated as cash flow hedges, unrealized gains and losses associated with marking the commodity hedging contracts to market (fair value) are recorded as a component of OCL and included in the equity section of the Consolidated Balance Sheets as part of AOCL. These amounts, as well as their related tax effects, are subsequently reclassified into earnings in the same line item affected by the hedged transaction and in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings, or in the period a hedge is determined to be ineffective. We assess the effectiveness of a commodity hedge contract based on changes in the contract’s fair value. The changes in the market value of such contracts have historically been, and are expected to continue to be, highly effective at offsetting changes in the price of the hedged items. Gains and losses from cash flow hedging instruments reclassified from AOCL to earnings are reported as Cash provided by operating activities on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

We had outstanding futures and option contracts that hedged the forecasted purchase of approximately 120 million and 135 million bushels of corn as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Ingredion also had outstanding swap contracts that hedged the forecasted purchase of approximately 31 million and 35 million mmbtus of natural gas as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Foreign currency hedging: Due to our global operations, including operations in many emerging markets, we are exposed to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. As a result, we have exposure to translational foreign-exchange risk when the results of our foreign operations are translated to U.S. dollars and to transactional foreign-exchange risk when transactions not denominated in the functional currency are revalued. Our foreign-exchange risk management strategy uses derivative financial instruments such as foreign currency forward contracts, swaps and options to manage our transactional foreign exchange risk. We enter into foreign currency derivative instruments that are designated as both cash flow hedging instruments as well as instruments not designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes in order to mitigate transactional foreign-exchange risk. Gains and losses from derivative financial instruments not designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes are marked to market in earnings during each period.

We hedge certain assets using foreign currency derivatives not designated as hedging instruments, which had a notional value of $405 million and $360 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. We also hedge certain liabilities using foreign currency derivatives not designated as hedging instruments, which had a notional value of $239 million and $205 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

We hedge certain assets using foreign currency cash flow hedging instruments, which had a notional value of $668 million and $505 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. We also hedge certain liability positions using foreign currency cash flow hedging instruments, which had a notional value of $840 million and $708 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Interest rate hedging: We assess our exposure to variability in interest rates by identifying and monitoring changes in interest rates that may adversely impact future cash flows and the fair value of existing debt instruments and by evaluating hedging opportunities. Our risk management strategy is to monitor interest rate risk attributable to both our outstanding and forecasted debt obligations as well as our offsetting hedge positions. Derivative financial instruments that we have used to manage its interest rate risk consist of interest rate swaps and T-Locks.

We periodically enter into interest rate swaps to hedge our exposure to interest rate changes. The changes in fair value of interest rate swaps designated as hedging instruments that effectively offset the variability in the fair value of outstanding debt obligations are reported in earnings. These amounts offset the gains or losses (the changes in fair value) of the hedged debt instruments that are attributable to changes in interest rates (the hedged risk), which are also recognized in earnings. Ingredion did not have any outstanding interest rate swaps as of December 31, 2022 or December 31, 2021.

We periodically enter into T-Locks to hedge our exposure to interest rate changes. The T-Locks are designated as hedges of the variability in cash flows associated with future interest payments caused by market fluctuations in the benchmark interest rate until the fixed interest rate is established and are accounted for as cash flow hedges. Accordingly, changes in the fair value of the T-Locks are recorded to AOCL until the consummation of the underlying debt offering, at which time any realized gain (loss) is amortized to earnings over the life of the debt. During 2020, we entered into and settled T-Locks associated with the issuance of senior notes due in 2030 and 2050. The realized loss upon settlement of the T-Locks was recorded in AOCL and is amortized into earnings over the term of the senior notes. We did not have outstanding T-Locks as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.


Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships (in millions)	Gains (Losses) included in AOCL as of December 31,
	2022		2021
Commodity contracts, net of income tax effect of $3 and $19, respectively	$	8	$	51
Foreign currency contracts, net of income tax effect of $ —	1		—
Interest rate contracts, net of income tax effect of $1	(3)		(3)
Total	$	6	$	48


	Fair Value of Hedging Instruments as of December 31, 2022
	Designated Hedging Instruments (in millions)						Non-Designated Hedging Instruments (in millions)
Balance Sheet Location	Commodity Contracts		Foreign Currency Contracts		Total		Commodity Contracts		Foreign Currency Contracts		Total
Accounts receivable, net	$	28	$	20	$	48	$	—	$	5	$	5
Other assets	1		6		7		—		—		—
Assets	29		26		55		—		5		5
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	22		23		45		1		6		7
Non-current liabilities	3		9		12		—		—		—
Liabilities	25		32		57		1		6		7
Net Assets/(Liabilities)	$	4	$	(6)	$	(2)	$	(1)	$	(1)	$	(2)


	Fair Value of Hedging Instruments as of December 31, 2021
	Designated Hedging Instruments (in millions)						Non-Designated Hedging Instruments (in millions)
Balance Sheet Location	Commodity Contracts		Foreign Currency Contracts		Total		Commodity Contracts		Foreign Currency Contracts		Total
Accounts receivable, net	$	45	$	9	$	54	$	4	$	3	$	7
Other assets	7		6		13		—		0		0
Assets	52		15		67		4		3		7
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	5		12		17		2		4		6
Non-current liabilities	2		6		8		—		1		1
Liabilities	7		18		25		2		5		7
Net Assets/(Liabilities)	$	45	$	(3)	$	42	$	2	$	(2)	$	—


Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships (in millions)	Gains (Losses) Recognized in OCL on Derivatives						Income Statement Location	Gains (Losses) Reclassified from AOCL into Income
	2022		2021		2020			2022		2021		2020
Commodity contracts	$	202	$	218	$	17	Cost of sales	$	261	$	211	$	(62)
Foreign currency contracts	8		—		(7)		Net sales/Cost of sales	7		(1)		(2)
Interest rate contracts	—		—		(5)		Financing costs	—		(1)		(1)
Total	$	210	$	218	$	5		$	268	$	209	$	(65)


Derivatives in Fair Value Hedging Relationships (in millions)	Income Statement Location of Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments	Gains (Losses) Recognized in Income						Income Statement Location of Hedged Items	Gains (Losses) Recognized in Income
		2022		2021		2020			2022		2021		2020
Interest rate contracts	Financing costs	$	—	$	—	$	(1)	Financing costs	$	—	$	—	$	1

As of December 31, 2022, AOCL included $14 million of net gains (net of income taxes of $5 million) on commodities-related derivative instruments, T-Locks and foreign currency hedges designated as cash flow hedges that are expected to be reclassified into earnings during the next 12 months.