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Information by Segment and Geographic Region
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Information by Segment and Geographic Region Information by Segment and Geographic RegionWe are principally engaged in the production and sale of starches and sweeteners for a wide range of industries and we are managed geographically on a regional basis. The nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of our Net sales are managed by us primarily based on our geographic segments, which we classify and report as North America, South America, Asia-Pacific and EMEA. Our North America segment includes businesses in the U.S., Mexico and Canada. Our
South America segment includes businesses and our share of earnings from investments in joint ventures in Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Uruguay. Our Asia-Pacific segment includes businesses in South Korea, Thailand, China, Australia, Japan, New Zealand, Indonesia, Singapore, the Philippines, Malaysia, India and Vietnam. Our EMEA segment includes businesses in Pakistan, Germany, Poland, the United Kingdom and South Africa. Net sales by product are not presented because to do so would be impracticable.
Presented below are Ingredion’s net sales to unaffiliated customers by reportable segment for the years indicated:
(in millions)202220212020
Net sales to unaffiliated customers:
North America$4,934 $4,137 $3,662 
South America1,124 1,057 919 
Asia-Pacific1,107 997 813 
EMEA781 703 593 
Total net sales$7,946 $6,894 $5,987 
Presented below is our operating income by reportable segment for the years indicated:
(in millions)202220212020
Operating income:
North America$565 $487 $487 
South America169 138 112 
Asia-Pacific93 87 80 
EMEA 110 106 102 
Corporate(150)(133)(122)
Subtotal787 685 659 
Acquisition/integration costs(1)(3)(11)
Restructuring/impairment charges(4)(47)(93)
Impairment on disposition of assets— (340)— 
Other matters(20)15 27 
Total operating income$762 $310 $582 
Presented below are our total assets by reportable segment as of December 31, 2022 and 2021:
As of December 31,
(in millions)20222021
Assets:
North America (a)
$4,499 $4,203 
South America949 799 
Asia-Pacific1,467 1,403 
EMEA646 594 
Total assets$7,561 $6,999 
_____________________
(a)For purposes of presentation, North America includes Corporate assets.
Presented below are our depreciation and amortization, mechanical stores expense and capital expenditures and mechanical stores purchases by reportable segment:
(in millions)202220212020
Depreciation and amortization:
North America (a)
$145 $146 $147 
South America18 18 19 
Asia-Pacific37 40 32 
EMEA15 16 15 
Total$215 $220 $213 
Mechanical stores expense (b):
North America (a)
$43 $43 $39 
South America4 6 7 
Asia-Pacific4 3 4 
EMEA4 3 4 
Total$55 $55 $54 
Capital expenditures and mechanical stores purchases:
North America (a)
$178 $166 $243 
South America31 38 39 
Asia-Pacific72 81 46 
EMEA19 15 12 
Total$300 $300 $340 
_____________________
(a)North America includes Corporate activities.
(b)Represents costs for spare parts used in the production process that are recorded in PP&E as part of machinery and equipment until they are utilized in the manufacturing process and expensed as a period cost.
The following table presents net sales to unaffiliated customers by country of origin for the years indicated:
Net Sales
(in millions) 202220212020
U.S.$2,978 $2,509 $2,284 
Mexico1,444 1,170 984 
Brazil720 586 447 
Canada512 459 393 
Korea356 323 268 
Others1,936 1,847 1,611 
Total$7,946 $6,894 $5,987 
The following table presents long-lived assets (excluding intangible assets and deferred income taxes) by country as of December 31, 2022 and 2021:
Long-lived Assets
(in millions) 20222021
U.S.$1,289 $1,317 
Mexico309 320 
Canada273 272 
Brazil209 189 
Thailand 153 156 
China144 128 
Germany126 135 
Others435 423 
Total$2,938 $2,940